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Abstract: Due to increasing electricity demand and relocation of generation and load centres,
there is urgent requirement for uprating existing substations to higher voltage levels. However,
existing substation sites have limited land area available and prospects of finding new sites are
very small due to environmental pressures. For these reasons, compaction of substations has come
to the fore in recent years. Although Gas Insulated Substations (GIS) using SF6 gas as an insulator
can fulfil this compaction requirement very easily, the green house effect of the SF6 gas is,
however, undesirable. It is, therefore, timely to consider alternative approaches for substation
compaction using air insulated substations (AIS). In this paper, novel busbar arrangements using
vertical and delta configurations are proposed. The electrical and magnetic fields are investigated
for these configurations and compared with the conventional horizontal busbar arrangement.
Significant land footprint savings can be achieved with the proposed configurations and the field
magnitudes can be managed by appropriate measures.
1.
INTRODUCTION
2.
OVERVIEW OF SUBSTATION
COMPACTION
[kV]
Phase-toearth
clearance
[mm]
Phase-toPhase
clearance
[mm]
1425/1050
2850
3600
1050/850
2100
2600
Paper B-11
ISBN 978-0-620-44584-9
2.1.
3.
Paper B-11
ISBN 978-0-620-44584-9
5.34m
Main Busbar
5.34m
Reserve Busbar
14
Compact
Delta
10
Y-axis [m]
Compact Vert.
12
Conventional
8
6
4
2
0
-6
Compact Hor.
-4
-2
0
X-axis [m]
R(x,z)
[m]
5.0
7.0
2.9
4.9
1.45
7.45
0.0
4.9
Y(x,z)
[m]
0.0
7.0
0.0
4.9
0.0
4.9
0.4
8.9
B(x,z)
[m]
-5.0
7.0
-2.9
4.9
-1.45
7.45
1.0
12.8
Paper B-11
ISBN 978-0-620-44584-9
4.1.
15
Vc
Hp
Hc
Dc
Vc
Hc
10
Hp
Dc
0
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
X-axis [m]
10
Hp
Hc
Dc
Vc
Dc
20
Vc
15
Hc
10
0
-10
Hp
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
X-axis [m]
10
Hp
Hc
Dc
Vc
Dc
Hc
10
Hp
0
-10
Vc
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
X-axis [m]
10
Pg. 4
Paper B-11
ISBN 978-0-620-44584-9
Table 3: E-field results for the four busbar arrangements at ground level, at 1m above ground and at the busbar
surfaces.
Maximum E-field [kV/m] @
Ground level
1m above the ground
Busbars
Ratio
0m
1m
0m
1m
Arr. Struct.
Draw
R
B
Y
from ped.
from ped.
from ped.
from ped.
Ei /E1
N
1
519
687
519
8.73
n.a.
9.05
n.a.
Hp
R B
Y
Y
n.a
473
553
473
6.30
6.44
10.09
6.65
N
1.5
808
901
808
12.38
n.a.
13.44
n.a.
Hc
R
B
Y
Y
n.a.
607
674
607
9.75
10.09
22.42
11.25
N
1.3
900
905
900
11.02
n.a.
12.08
n.a.
Y
R
Dc
B
Y
n.a.
682
689
680
6.77
9.26
17.90
9.55
Y
N
1.6
814
841
738
13.60
n.a.
14.43
n.a.
Vc
B
Y
n.a.
604
788
708
13.21
13.28
14.02
14.03
R
|, Hp
z, Hc
, Dc
, Vc
200
Hp
Hc
Dc
Vc
180
Magnetic-field computation
Magnetic Field magnitude [T]
The magnetic field computation is carried out using inhouse software developed for the evaluation of
magnetic field generated by power lines and
substations. In the software, the conductors, where the
current flow is confined, are modelled as straight or
curved segments. The magnetic induction generated by
the current flowing in the conductor at any point in
space is numerically computed by applying a discrete
approximation of the Ampere-Laplace law in
differential form. By applying the principle of
superposition, the three Cartesian components of the
magnetic induction at any point are thus determined by
the phasor summation of the contribution of all the
elementary source currents in x, y, z directions.
Figure 8 shows the computed magnetic field profiles at
1m above ground level for all the developed
arrangements. As can be observed in the figure, the
maximum values of the magnetic field for all busbar
configurations are below the Reference Level
according NRPB Advice of 500T [8]. The computed
magnitudes are summarized in Table 4.
The magnetic field at the vertical plane crossing the
busbars for the proposed delta and vertical busbar
arrangements are shown in Figures 9 and 10. The plane
considered is 10 m away in both directions from the
central axis and up to 18m above ground. The area
where 500 T is obtained is within the area drawn by
the safety distance.
160
Hc
140
Vc
120
Hp
100
80
60
40
20
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
Distance from the axes [m]
10
Pg. 5
Maximum B field
RMS value [T]
130
185
100
126
Paper B-11
ISBN 978-0-620-44584-9
18
16
14
6.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Height [m]
12
10
8
500
100
7.
2
0
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
Distance from central axis [m]
18
16
14
Height [m]
12
500
10
8
100
6
4
2
0
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
Distance from central axis [m]
5.
REFERENCES
CONCLUSION
Paper B-11