APRIL ROSE A.

PATANGAN

BSCE II

PHYS211 M1

JUNE 23, 2016

Define the following terms:

1. Physics
Is the study of matter and energy, is an ancient and broad field of science.
The word physics comes from the Greek 'knowledge of nature,' and in general, the field aims
to analyze and understand the natural phenomena of the universe.
2. Heat
Is a form of energy which transfers among particles in a substance (or system) by means of
kinetic energy of those particle.
In other words, under kinetic theory, the heat is transferred by particles bouncing into each
other.
In physical equations, the amount of heat transferred is usually denoted with the symbol Q.
3. Sound
is a mechanical wave that results from the back and forth vibration of the particles of the
medium through which the sound wave is moving.
A sound wave consists of a repeating pattern of high-pressure and low-pressure regions
moving through a medium, it is sometimes referred to as a pressure wave because sound
vibrates longitudinally; the longitudinal movement of air produces pressure fluctuations.
4. Optics
A branch of physics that studies electromagnetic radiation (for example, light and infrared
radiation), its interactions with matter, and instruments used to gather information due to these
interactions. Optics includes the study of sight.
5. Electricity
Electricity is a general term that refers to the presence and flow of electric charge. For
example, electricity is present in lightning, electrical outlets, and static electricity. Recognized
since ancient Greece, electricity wasn't harnessed by engineers until the late 19th century,
when it began to be used to provide power to homes and businesses.
Electricity is used today to power anything from light bulbs to computers to cars. Electricity can
be generated from burning fuels such as natural gas, oil, and coal, from nuclear fission
reactions, from windmills or hydroelectric plants, or from solar panels.
6. Magnetism
Is one aspect of the combined electromagnetic force.
It refers to physical phenomena arising from the force caused by magnets, objects that
produce fields that attract or repel other objects.
7. Modern Physics
Modern physics is a branch of physics in which matter and energy are not separate, but
instead are alternate forms of one another. The term modern physics refers to the study of
facts and theories developed in this century that concern the interactions of matter, space and
time.

Modern physics is a rich field including decisive experiments conducted in the early part of the
twentieth century and most recent research that has given us a deeper understanding of
fundamental process in nature.

8. Measurement
Measurement is the process of obtaining the magnitude of a quantity relative to an agreed
standard.
Measurement of any quantity involves comparison with some precisely defined unit value of
the quantity.
9. System of Units
The International System of Units (abbreviated SI from systeme internationale , the French
version of the name) is a scientific method of expressing the magnitudes or quantities of
important natural phenomena. There are seven base units in the system, from which other
units are derived. This system was formerly called the meter-kilogram-second (MKS) system.
10.
Fundamental
The quantities that do not depend on any other physical quantity for their measurement
11. Deriv
Mass
Kilogram
ed
Time
Second
The
Temperature
Kelvin
Electric Current
Ampere
Luminous Intensity
Candela
Length
Meter
Amount Of Substance
Mole
Physical quantities that depend upon other physical quantity for its measurement
Acceleration
m/s^2
Density
Kg/m^3
Pressure
Pascal
Potential Difference
Volt
Volume
M^3
Force
Newton
Speed
m/s
Area
M^2
12.

13.

14.

Accuracy
Accuracy describes the nearness of a measurement to the standard or true value, i.e., a highly
accurate measuring device will provide measurements very close to the standard, true or
known values.
Precision
Precision is the degree to which several measurements provide answers very close to each
other. It is an indicator of the scatter in the data. The lesser the scatter, higher the precision.
Percentage Error
Applied when comparing two experimental quantities, E1 and E2, neither of which can be
considered the correct value. The percent difference is the absolute value of the difference
over the mean times 100.

15.

Percentage Difference
Applied when comparing an experimental quantity, E, with a theoretical quantity, T, which is
considered the correct value. The percent error is the absolute value of the difference divided
by the correct value times 100.

16.

Significant Figures
The term significant figures refer to the number of important single digits (0 through 9 inclusive)
in the coefficient of an expression in scientific notation. The number of significant figures in an
expression indicates the confidence or precision with which an engineer or scientist states a
quantity.
Graph
A graph is an accurate pictorial representation of data. The accuracy of data in physics
requires that graphs be made on good quality graph paper. Nearly all graphs in physics are
smooth line graphs; broken line (connect the dots) graphs and bar graphs are seldom
appropriate.
Scalar Quantity
a quantity that has magnitude only
Vector Quantity
a quantity that has magnitude and direction.
Density
A material's density is defined as its mass per unit volume. It is, essentially, a measurement of
how tightly matter is crammed together. The principle of density was discovered by the Greek
scientist Archimedes.
To calculate the density (usually represented by the Greek letter "") of an object, take the
mass (m) and divide by the volume (v):
=m/v

17.

18.

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20.

References:
http://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-physics-definition-history-branches.html
http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/sound/Lesson-1/Sound-is-a-Pressure-Wave
http://www.optics4kids.org/home/content/what-is-optics/
http://www.chegg.com/homework-help/definitions/electricity-2
http://www.livescience.com/38059-magnetism.html
http://physics.tutorvista.com/modern-physics.html
http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition
http://sciencelearn.org.nz/Science-Stories/Measurement#body-content
http://resources.hwb.wales.gov.uk/VTC/200809/physics/ph1/guidance/definitions.pdf
http://science-dudes.blogspot.com/2015/04/fundamental-derived-quantitydefinition.html

 http://webphysics.iupui.edu/NH/Projects/TEAMS%5B2%5D/err6.htm
http://www2.phy.ilstu.edu/~wenning/slh/Percent%20Difference%20Error.pdf
http://physics.about.com/od/glossary
A fable is a short piece of fiction that features
animals in the role of the protagonist and usually
includes or illustrates a moral. A fable can also have
other inanimate objects, mythical creatures, or forces
of nature as main characters. The distinguishing
feature of a fable is the anthropomorphism or
personification involved that leads to a moral lesson
being taught. At times, this moral lesson is summed
up at the end of the fable in a short maxim.

Difference between Fable and Parable

Fables and parables are very similar in
nature in that they are both succinct stories
meant to teach a lesson. However, parables
involve humans as their main characters and
exclude
anthropomorphism
and
personification. The definition of fable, on the
other hand, requires a fable to have nonhuman characters in the main roles.
Here are some fable examples in childrens
films:
Bambi
Ratatouille
Cars
WALL-E
Toy Story
Finding Nemo
Shrek
Madagascar
Kung Fu Panda
A parable is a short, didactic story that
is meant to teach a moral or principal. Parables
use human characters in believable situations
so that the reader or listener feels able to
relate. There are many examples of parables in
religious texts such as the Bible and the Quran.
The word parable comes from the
Greek word (parabol), which means
a comparison,
an
illustration,
or
an analogy.
Indeed,
parables
employ
analogies in the sense that an analogy is a
comparison between two things in order to
explain similarities.
The first two parable examples below are from
the Bible, and the third is from Aesops fables.
The Good Samaritan: A man traveling
along the road is beaten and left for dead. A
priest and Levite pass him, doing nothing, but
then a Samaritan comes and helps the man.
Samaritans and Jews were generally enemies
at the time, and thus this parable is meant to
illustrate
the
importance
of
showing
compassion to everyone, even a sworn enemy.
The Prodigal Son: A father has two
sons, the younger of which asks for his

inheritance before the father dies and ends up

wasting all of his money. He returns home, and
when he returns the father is so glad he holds a
large feast as a celebration. The older brother
is upset, but the father explains that what was
lost is now found and should be celebrated, no
matter what has happened in between.
The Boy Who Cried Wolf: Aesop tells
the story of a bored shepherd boy who calls out
wolf to get the attention of his fellow
villagers. He does so several times, always
annoying them when they realize he is lying.
One day he sees a real wolf which scatters the
sheep, but no one comes to help him when he
calls out.
A myth is a story that comes from an
ancient culture and often includes supernatural
elements. These elements may be anything from
talking animals to people with superhuman powers to
the interference of gods and goddesses in human
affairs. Myths traditionally were created to explain
the origins of the world or of belief systems,
practices, or natural occurrences in the location of
that culture.
The word myth comes from the Greek word
(mythos), which means story. Due to the
fact that there are aspects of myths that are hard to
believe, the definition of myth has also grown to
incorporate statements or belief systems that are not
true (e.g., the myth of the American dream).
Difference between Myth and Legend
There is much overlap between stories that
can be considered myths and those that are legends.
The main distinction is that a legend is a semi-true
story that is based at least partially in real historical
events. Legends are passed down from generation to
generation, and, in the process, events may become
distorted, exaggerated, and/or made supernatural.
Myths are similar in that they are passed
down from one generation to the next, but are not
necessarily based in historical events. In a myth, the
symbolism of the events in the story is more
important than the events themselves.
There are many myths that are popular
enough to be a part of cultural knowledge. Here are
some examples of myths that are well-known:

Icarus flying too close to the sun until his

wax wings melted and he crashed into the
sea.

The Tower of Babel being created that led to

the proliferation of different languages
among humans.

A great flood wiping all most or all of the

humans at the time (prevalent in creation
myths from around the world).

Originated
from
Latin
legendus, legend means
something
which ought to be read. According to J. A.

Cuddon,
a
legend
is
a
story
or narrative that lies somewhere between
myth and historical fact and which, as a
rule, is about a particular figure or
person. Traditionally, a legend is a
narrative, which focuses on a historically
or geographically specific figure and
describes his exploits. Similar to a myth, a

legend can provide an etymological

narrative often filling in historical gaps.
Examples
Faust
The flying Dutchman
King arthur