Exercise 10.

3 (Solutions)

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Textbook of Algebra and

and Trigonometry for Class XI

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Question # 1
12
(i) sin =
;
13

0 < <

Since
cos = 1 sin 2
As is in the first quadrant so value of cos is +ive
cos = 1 sin 2
2

144
25
5
12
= 1 = 1
=
cos =
169
169
13
13
12
sin
12
tan =
= 13
tan =
5
cos
5
13
sin 2 = 2sin cos
120
12 5
= 2
sin 2 =
169
13 13
cos 2 = cos 2 sin 2
2
2
25 144
119
5 12
= =

cos 2 =
169
13 13 169 169
2 tan
tan 2 =
1 tan 2
24
24
2 12
5
5
5 = 24 25
=
=
=
2
5 119
1 144
119
1 12
25
25
5

and
Now

( )
( )

tan 2 =
(ii) cos =

3
5

120
119
0 < <

2
Hint: First find sin and tan then solve as above

Question # 2
cos sin
cos 2 sin 2
L.H.S = cot tan =

=
sin cos
sin cos
2
2
2(cos sin ) 2 cos 2
=
=
= 2cot 2 = R.H.S
2sin cos
sin 2

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FSc I - 10.3 - 2

Question # 3
sin 2
2sin cos
L.H.S =
=
1 + cos 2
2cos 2
sin
=
= tan = R.H.S
cos

cos =

1 + cos 2

2
2 cos = 1 + cos 2
2

Question # 4
2sin 2

L.H.S =

sin

1 cos
2
=

sin
2sin cos
2
2
sin

2sin

1 cos

2
2

= 1 cos

sin = 2sin

2 = tan = R.H.S

2
cos
2

Question # 5
cos sin
L.H.S =
cos + sin
cos sin cos sin
=

cos + sin cos sin

(cos sin ) 2
cos 2 + sin 2 2sin cos
=
=
cos 2 sin 2
cos 2
1 sin 2
1
sin 2
=
=

= sec 2 tan 2 = R.H.S

cos 2
cos 2 cos 2

cos

Rationalize

Question 6
L.H.S =

1 + sin
1 sin

sin 2
=
sin

sin

+ cos 2
+ cos

+ 2sin
2sin

cos
cos

sin + cos
2
2
=
2

sin cos
2
2

Question # 7
cosec + 2cosec 2
L.H.S =
sec

sin
=
sin

2
2

cos

+ cos

sin = 2sin

+ cos

= R.H.S

=1

cos

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1
2
+
2
1
= sin sin 2 = cos
+
1
sin 2sin cos
cos

FSc I - 10.3 - 3

=
cos

sin sin cos

2cos 2
cos

+
1
cos

+
1

2
= cos
=
=

sin
sin cos
2sin cos
2
2
= cos

= R.H.S

Question # 8
sin sin 2
L.H.S = 1 + tan tan 2 = 1 +

cos cos 2
cos cos 2 + sin sin 2
cos(2 )
=
=
cos cos 2
cos cos 2
cos
1
=
=
= sec 2 = R.H.S
cos cos 2
cos 2

Question # 9
2sin sin 2
L.H.S =
cos + cos3
2sin sin 2
=
cos + 4cos3 3cos
2sin sin 2
2sin sin 2
=
=
2cos (2cos 2 1)
4cos3 2cos
sin sin 2
=
= tan tan 2 = R.H.S
cos cos 2

cos3 = 4 cos3 3cos

1 + cos 2
cos 2 =
2
2
2cos 1 = cos 2

Question # 10
sin 3 cos3 sin 3 cos cos3 sin
L.H.S =

=
sin
cos
sin cos
sin ( 3 )
sin 2
2sin cos
=
=
=
= 2 = R.H.S
sin cos
sin cos
sin cos
Question # 11
cos3 sin 3
cos3 sin + sin 3 cos
L.H.S =
+
=
cos
sin
sin cos

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FSc I - 10.3 - 4

sin( + 3 )
sin 4
2sin 2 cos 2
=
=
sin cos
sin cos
sin cos
2(2sin cos )cos 2
=
= 4cos 2 = R.H.S
sin cos
=

Question # 12
sin 2 cos 2 sin 2 2 + cos 2 2
+
cos 2 sin 2
sin 2 cos 2
=
=
cos 2 sin 2 cos 2 2 sin 2 2

sin 2 cos 2
sin 2 cos 2

tan 2 + cot 2
L.H.S =
cot 2 tan 2

sin 2 2 + cos 2 2
1
=
=
= sec = R.H.S
2
2
cos 2 sin 2 cos

Question # 13
sin 3 cos3 sin 3 sin + cos3 cos
L.H.S =
+
=
cos
sin
sin cos
cos(3 )
cos 2
2cos 2
=
=
=
sin cos
sin cos 2sin cos
2cos 2
=
= 2cot 2 = R.H.S

sin 2

Question # 14
2

1 cos 2
sin = sin =

2
1 2cos 2 + cos 2
1
=
= 1 2cos 2 + cos 2 2
4
4
1
1 + cos 4
1 2 4cos 2 + 1 + cos 4
= 1 2cos 2 +
=

4
2
4
2

1
= ( 3 4cos 2 + cos 4 )

8
4

Question # 15
(i) Let = 18 5 = 90 3 + 2 = 90 2 = 90 3
sin 2 = sin(90 3 )
sin 2 = cos3
cos3 = 4cos3 3cos
3
2sin cos = 4cos 3cos
sin 2 = 2sin cos
2
2sin = 4cos 3
ing by cos

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FSc I - 10.3 - 5

2sin = 4(1 sin 2 ) 3

2sin = 4 4sin 2 3 2sin = 1 4sin 2
4sin 2 + 2sin 1 = 0
This is quadratic in sin with a = 4 , b = 1 and c = 1

2 (2) 2 4(4)(1) 2 4 + 16 2 20
=
sin =
=
2(4)
8
8
2 2 5 1 5
=
8
8

Since = 18 lies in the first quadrant so value of sin can not be negative therefore
=

sin =

1 + 5
4

sin18 =

5 1
4

= 18

Now
cos 2 18 = 1 sin 2 18

( )

5 1
cos 2 18 = 1

2 5 +1

5 2 5 +1
16
16
62 5
16 6 + 5
10 + 2 5
=1
=
=
16
16
16

cos 2 18 = 1

cos18 =

10 + 2 5
16

=1

cos18 =

10 + 2 5
4

(ii)

Since

1 + cos 2
2
cos 2 = 2cos 2 1
cos 2 =

cos 2(18) = 2cos 2 (18) 1

2

10 + 2 5
1
cos36 = 2

10 + 2 5
10 + 2 5
= 2
1
1 =
16
8

10 + 2 5 8
2+2 5
=
8
8
2
2
Now sin 36 = 1 cos 36
=

cos36 =

1+ 5
2

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FSc I - 10.3 - 6
2

1+ 5
=1
=1
2
16

1+ 2 5 + 5
6+2 5
=1
=1
16
16
16 6 2 5
10 2 5
=
=
16
16
sin 36 =

10 2 5
16

1+ 2 5 +

( )

sin 36 =

10 2 5
4

(iii)

Now

sin(90 36) = cos36

sin 54 = cos36

and

sin(90 ) = cos
sin 54 =

1+ 5
2

cos(90 36) = sin 36

cos54 = sin 36

cos54 =

10 2 5
4

(iv)

Now

sin(90 18) = cos18

sin 72 = cos18

and

sin(90 ) = cos
sin 72 =

10 + 2 5
4

cos 72 =

5 1
4

cos(90 18) = sin18

cos 72 = sin18

Alternative Method for Q # 15 (iii)

Let = 54 5 = 270 3 + 2 = 270 2 = 270 3
sin 2 = sin(270 3 )
sin 2 = sin(3(90) 3 )
cos3 = 4cos3 3cos
sin 2 = cos3
sin 2 = 2sin cos
3
2sin cos = (4cos 3cos )
2sin cos = 4cos3 + 3cos )
2sin = 4cos 2 + 3
ing by cos
2sin = 4(1 sin 2 ) + 3
2sin = 4 + 4sin 2 + 3 2sin = 4sin 2 1
4sin 2 2sin 1 = 0
This is quadratic in sin with a = 4 , b = 1 and c = 1

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FSc I - 10.3 - 7

(2) (2) 2 4(4)(1)

2 4 + 16 2 20
=
sin =
=
2(4)
8
8
22 5
1 5
=
4
8

Since = 54 lies in the first quadrant so value of sin can not be negative therefore
=

sin =

1+ 5
4

sin 54 =

1+ 5
4

= 54

Now
cos 2 54 = 1 sin 2 54

( )

1+ 5
cos 2 54 = 1

+ 2 5 +1

5 + 2 5 +1
16
16
6+2 5
16 6 5
10 2 5
=1
=
=
16
16
16

cos 2 54 = 1

cos54 =

10 2 5
16

=1

cos54 =

10 2 5
4

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Book:

2009-11

I.M.C.b. I-10/1 Islamabad

Exercise 10.3
Text Book of Algebra and Trigonometry Class XI
Punjab Textbook Board, Lahore.

Made by: Atiq ur Rehman (Atiq@MathCity.org)

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Updated: 21-9-2014.