Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Epidemiology series
Now
Concurrent
Outcome
Exposure
Exposure
Retrospective
Outcome
Exposure
Exposure
Ambidirectional
Outcome
Outcome
Time
341
For personal use. Only reproduce with permission from The Lancet Publishing Group.
EPIDEMIOLOGY SERIES
342
For personal use. Only reproduce with permission from The Lancet Publishing Group.
EPIDEMIOLOGY SERIES
343
For personal use. Only reproduce with permission from The Lancet Publishing Group.
EPIDEMIOLOGY SERIES
References
1
2
3
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
Conclusion
Cohort studies are common in medical research. Like
other research designs, they entail important trade-offs.
Readers should make sure that investigators provide clear,
344
23
For personal use. Only reproduce with permission from The Lancet Publishing Group.
EPIDEMIOLOGY SERIES
Uses of error
The error cascade
Neil Gittoes
Having just been appointed consultant physician, I found
myself reflecting on my career and realising that I could at
last stand alone and that finally the buck stops with me.
There was a time that I wished it didnt. I was a medical
senior house officer when I saw an elderly man who
described a subacute onset of breathlessness and a dry
cough. He had trouble speaking and was using his
accessory muscles. He had initially received standard
nebulised treatment for exacerbated chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease, although his chest radiograph showed
a small pneumothorax on the left. After conferring with
senior colleagues, I inserted a chest drain on the left, and
verified its position with a second radiograph. In the
middle of the night the house officer saw the patient with
worsening shortness of breath and surgical emphysema.
He pushed the tube in further, but an hour later the arrest
team were called because the patient had developed
extreme respiratory distress and had become cyanosed.
They thought that he had developed a contralateral
345
For personal use. Only reproduce with permission from The Lancet Publishing Group.