Tables

TABLES
May 2011
103-87668
Table 2-1: Fuel Analysis, Highlands EnviroFuels

Design Values
Sugarcane Bagasse
Parameter
Specific Gravity
Heating Value (Btu/lb)
Heating Value (Btu/gal)
Heating Value (Btu/scf)
Ultimate Analysis:
Carbon
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Sulfur
Ash/Inorganic
Chlorine
Moisture
Sorghum Bagasse
Wood
As Fired
3,900 (as fired)
Dry Basis
7,800, dry
As Fired
3,900 (as fired)
Dry Basis
7,800, dry
(Dry Basis)
4,250, wet
Natural Gas
1,020
24.8
3
0.2
20.4
0.06
1.52
0.02
50
49.6
6.0
0.4
40.8
0.12
3.04
0.04
NA
23
2.75
0.32
20.9
0.11
2.8
0.12
50
46
5.5
0.64
41.8
0.22
5.6
0.24
NA
49.6
5.87
0.4
40.9
0.07
9
0.21
30 - 50
Note: values represent average fuel characteristics, see Appendix A for detailed summary.
Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\2\Table 2-1, A-1 Fuel Specs.xlsx
May 2011
103-87668
Table 2-2: Biomass Boiler Design Parameters, Highlands EnviroFuels

Parameter
Value
Unit
Boiler
Hours of Operation
8,040 hr/yr
Basis
Based on 335 days of operation
Maximum Steam 24-Hour

Maximum Steam 1-Hour
250,000 lb/hr
275,000 lb/hr
Highlands Ethanol
Based on 110% of 24-Hour steam rate
Net Enthalpy
1,247.1 Btu/lb
See Appendix A
Thermal Efficiency (Biomass)

Thermal Efficiency (Natural Gas)
68 %
82 %
Boiler manufacturer
Estimate
Total Heat Output Required
2,506,671 MMBtu/yr
Based on net enthalpy and 335 days/yr
Sugar Cane Bagasse

Heating Value
Heating Value
Sugarcane Harvested
Bagasse from Sugarcane
Sugarcane Bagasse
3,900
7.8
1,074,091
22
236,300
Btu/lb, wet
MMBtu/ton
Tons
%
Tons
See Appendix A
Calculated
Based on heat output requirement
Fagen Engineering
Calculated
3,900
7.8
984,584
24
236,300
Btu/lb, wet
MMBtu/ton
Tons
%
Tons
See Appendix A
Calculated
Based on heat output requirement
Fagen Engineering
Calculated
Sweet Sorghum Bagasse

Heating Value
Heating Value
Sweet Sorghum Harvested
Bagasse from Sweet Sorghum
Wood
Heating Value
Heating Value
4,250 Btu/lb, wet

8.5 MMBtu/ton
See Appendix A
Calculated
Natural Gas
Heating Value
1,020 Btu/scf
See Appendix A
Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\2\Table 2-2, 2-3, 2-12, 2-13.xlsx
May 2011
103-87668
Table 2-3: Maximum Fuel Usage for the Biomass Boiler, Highlands EnviroFuels
Fuel Type
Heat Inputb
Maximum 1-hour/3-Houra
Biomass - Sugarcane Bagasse
- Sorghum Bagasse
- Wood
Natural Gas
Maximum 24-Houra
Biomass - Sugarcane Bagasse
- Sorghum Bagasse
- Wood
Natural Gas
Annual Average
Heat Output Fuel Firing Rate
(MMBtu/hr)
504.3
504.3
504.3
249.0
(MMBtu/hr)
458.5
458.5
458.5
249.0
(MMBtu/hr)
343
343
343
204
(MMBtu/hr)
312
312
312
204
64.66
64.66
59.33
244,118
58.78
58.78
TPH
TPH
TPH
scf/hr
TPH
TPH
53.94
244,118
TPH
scf/hr
(MMBtu/yr)
(MMBtu/yr)
1,843,140
1,843,140
0
0
3,686,281
1,253,336
1,253,336
0
0
2,506,671
236,300
236,300
0
0
TPY
TPY
TPY
MMscf/yr
Maximum Wood Firing (10%Wood / 90% Bagasse)

Sugarcane Bagasse
1,658,826
Sorghum Bagasse
1,658,826
Wood
368,628
Natural Gas
0
Total
3,686,281
1,128,002
1,128,002
250,667
0
2,506,671
212,670
212,670
43,368
0
TPY
TPY
TPY
MMscf/yr
Maximum Natural Gas Firing (30% Natural Gas / 70% Bagasse)

Sugarcane Bagasse
1,215,145
Sorghum Bagasse
1,215,145
Wood
0
Natural Gas
1,041,553
Total
3,471,844
826,299
826,299
0
854,074
2,506,671
155,788
155,788
0
1,021
TPY
TPY
TPY
MMscf/yr
Normal Operations (100% Bagasee Firing)

Sugarcane Bagasse
Sorghum Bagasse
Wood
Natural Gas
Total
Notes:
Maximum 3-hour heat input based on 275,000 lb/hr steam rate; maximum 24-hour based
on 250,000 lb/hr. Fuels may be burned in combination, not to exceed total heat outputs.
b
Heat input and output rates are calculated based on the design parameters shown in Table 2-2.
a
May 2011
103-87668
Table 2-4: Specifications for VOL Storage Tanks

Fuel Ethanol
Storage Tank
1
200 Proof Ethanol

Storage Tank
2
Off-Spec
Tank
3
Denaturant/Gasoline Tank
4
Corrosion
Inhibitor Tank
5
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Ethanol
Ethanol
Off-Spec Ethanol Product
Gasoline (4.5% of ethanol for

denaturant)
Methanol, xylene and ethylbenzene
Internal Floating Roof
Vertical Fixed Roof
Tank Height (ft)
52.0
32.0
32.0
32.0
8.0
Tank Diameter (ft)
58.0
25.0
25.0
25.0
7.0
Tank Capacity (gallons)
1,000,000
100,000
100,000
100,000
2,300
Throughput (gal/yr)
36,000,000
36,000,000
3,600,000
1,620,000
2,700
Turnovers per Year
36
360
36
16
Tank Description
Tank ID No.
Subpart Kb Applies (Yes/No)
Tank Content
Tank Type
See MSDS in Appendix D for corrosion inhibitor speciation.
Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\2\Table 2-4, D1-D3 Tanks.xlsx
May 2011
103-87668
Table 2-5: Ethanol Process: CO2 and Distillation Scrubbers

Manufacturer and Model No.
Vogelbusch (or equivalent)
CO2 Scrubber
Inlet Flue Gas Temp (F)
Inlet Design Flow Rate (acfm)
Scrubbing Liquid
Scrubbing Liquid Flow Rate (gpm)
Recirculation Liquid Flow Rate (gpm)
Ethanol Removal Efficiency (%)
Distillation Scrubber
Inlet Flue Gas Temp (F)
Inlet Design Flow Rate (acfm)
Scrubbing Liquid
Scrubbing Liquid Flow Rate (gpm)
Ethanol Removal Efficiency (%)
Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\2\Table 2-5 to 2-9 APCD.xlsx
77
4,566
Process Water
64
101
98
77
120
Soft Water
4
98
May 2011
103-87668
Table 2-6: Boiler Control Equipment Parameters: Wet Sand Separator (Cyclone)
Wet Cyclone (or equivalent)a
Inlet Flue Gas Temp (oF)

Inlet Design Flue Gas Flow Rate (acfm)
Moisture (% Volume)
Cyclone Diameter (ft)
Cyclone Height (ft)
No. of Spray Nozzles (Cyclone)
No. of Spray Nozzles (Inlet Duct)
Total Water Flow to Nozzles (gpm)
Pressure Drop (in H2O)
Overall PM Collection Efficiency (%)
a
Vendor for the Biomass Boiler Cyclone not yet selected.
510
256,832
18
22
35
5
9
713
9
80
May 2011
103-87668
Table 2-7: Boiler Control Equipment Parameters: Electrostatic Precipitator

Factory Sales (or equivalent)a

Model No.39R-1330-3712P

Moisture (% Volume)
Inlet PM Loading (lb/MMBtu)
510
256,832
18
0.41
No. of Precipitators
Precipitation Type
Total Number of Fields
Total Installed Collection Area (ft2)
Gas Velocity (ft/s)
Specific Collection Area (ft2/1,000 acfm)
Power Consumption (kw)
Pressure Drop (in H2O)
Pollutants
Particulate Matter
a
1
Rigid Electrode
4
71,656
3.66
279
121
0.5
Inlet
Loading
(lb/MMBtu)
0.41
Vendor for the Biomass Boiler ESP not yet selected.
Outlet
Loading
(lb/MMBtu)
0.015
Control
Efficiency
%
96.3
May 2011
103-87668
Table 2-8: Boiler Control Equipment Parameters: Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction System
DNTa (or equivalent)
Flue Gas Flow Rate (acfm)

NOx Reduction Reagent
256,832
19% Ammonia
Ammonia Injectors
Ammonia Flow Control Section
Pressure Drop (in of wc)
6
1
0.8
Inlet
Loading
(lb/MMBtu)
0.25
Pollutants
Nitrogen Oxides
Notes:
a
Vendor for the Biomass Boiler SNCR system not yet selected.
Outlet
Loading
(lb/MMBtu)
0.10
Control
Efficiency
%
60
May 2011
103-87668
Table 2-9: Boiler Control Equipment Parameters: Dry Sorbent Injection System
Factory Sales (or equivalent)a

Model No. T-268

Moisture (% Volume)
510
256,832
18
No. of Injection Fans

No. of Feed Hoppers
No. of Pulverizers
No. of Classifiers
Reagent
Dry Sorbent Injection Rate (lb/hr)
Pulverizer Motor (hp)
Classifier Motor (hp)
Blower Motor (hp)
Pollutants
HCl
SO2
a
1
1
1
1
Trona or sodium bicarbonate
219
40
8
20
Inlet
Loading
(lb/hr)
37
64
Outlet
Loading
(lb/hr)
1.8
16.0
Vendor for the Biomass Boiler Acid Gas Removal System not yet selected.
Control
Efficiency
%
79
75
May 2011
103-87668
Table 2-10: Physical, Performance, and Emissions Data for the Fermentation CO 2 Scrubber
Parameter
Performance Data
Ethanol Production (gal/yr)
Ethanol Production (gal/day)
Scrubbing Column Control Efficiency (%)
Hours of Operation
Emission Factorsa
Uncontrolled Ethanol (lb/hr)
Controlled Ethanol (lb/hr)
Uncontrolled Other VOCs - Total (lb/hr)
Controlled Other VOCs - Total (lb/hr)
Value a
Basis
36,000,000
120,000
98.0
7,296
Highlands Envirofuels
Estimated
Design Value
Maximum
770.4
15.41
180.0
3.60
Design Value
Calculated
Calculated
Design Value
Emission Calculation - Speciated a,b

Maximum Uncontrolled Emissions
(lb/hr)
(TPY)
Maximum Controlled Emissions

(lb/hr)
(TPY)
Pollutant
Factor (%)
Description
Ethanol
Ethyl Acetate
100.0
78.0
of ethanol
of other VOCs
770.4
140.4
2,810.4
512.2
15.41
2.81
56.21
10.24
Acetaldehydec
19.8
of other VOCs
35.6
130.0
0.71
2.60
Methanol c
2.2
of other VOCs
Total VOC
Total HAP
4.0
950.4
39.6
14.4
3,467.1
144.5
0.079
19.01
0.79
0.29
69.34
2.89
Based on data from Highlands EnviroFuels, 2011.
Example Calculation - Ethyl Acetate:

Hourly Average: 3.6 lb/hr Total Controlled Other VOCs x (78 % Maximum of VOC / 100) = 2.81 lb/hr Ethyl Acetate
Annual Average: 2.81 lb/hr Ethyl Acetate x 7,296 hr/yr / 2,000 lb/hr = 10.24 TPY Ethyl Acetate
Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAP).
Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\2\Table 2-10, 2-11 Ethanol Process.xlsx
May 2011
103-87668
Table 2-11: Physical, Performance, and Emissions Data for the Distillation Vent Scrubber
Parameter
Performance Data
Ethanol Production (gal/yr)
Ethanol Production (gal/day)
Scrubbing Column Control Efficiency (%)
Hours of Operation
Emission Factorsa
Uncontrolled Ethanol (lb/hr)
Controlled Ethanol (lb/hr)
Uncontrolled Other VOCs - Total (lb/hr)
Controlled Other VOCs - Total (lb/hr)
Value a
Basis
36,000,000
120,000
98
7,296
Highlands Envirofuels
Estimated
Design Value
Maximum
79.20
1.58
1.20
1.20
Design Value
Calculated
Design Value
Design Value
Emission Calculation - Speciated a,b

Maximum Uncontrolled Emissions
(lb/hr)
(TPY)
Maximum Controlled Emissions

(lb/hr)
(TPY)
Pollutant
Factor (%)
Description
Ethanol
Ethyl Acetate
100.0
78.0
of ethanol
of other VOCs
79.20
0.94
288.92
3.41
1.58
0.94
5.78
3.41
Acetaldehydec
19.8
of other VOCs
0.24
0.87
0.24
0.87
Methanol c
2.2
of other VOCs
Total VOC
Total HAP
0.026
80.4
0.26
0.096
293.3
0.96
0.026
2.78
0.26
0.096
10.16
0.96
Based on data from Highlands EnviroFuels, 2011.
Example Calculation - Ethyl Acetate:

Hourly Average: 1.2 lb/hr Total Controlled Other VOCs x (78 % Maximum of VOC / 100) = 0.94 lb/hr Ethyl Acetate
Annual Average: 0.94 lb/hr Ethyl Acetate x 7,296 hr/yr / 2,000 lb/hr = 3.41 TPY Ethyl Acetate
Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAP).
Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\2\Table 2-10, 2-11 Ethanol Process.xlsx
May 2011
103-87668
Table 2-12: Maximum Short-Term Emissions for the Biomass Boiler, Highlands EnviroFuels
Regulated
Pollutant
1-hr Averages
Sulfur Dioxidej
Sugarcane Bagasse
Emission
Activity
Maximum
Factor a
Factorb
Emissions
(lb/MMBtu)
(MMBtu/hr)
(lb/hr)
0.078
Nitrogen Oxides (uncontrolled)
0.25
Carbon Monoxide (cold-startup)
3.0
504
e
39.1

Emission
Activity
Maximum
Factor a
Factorb
Emissions
(lb/MMBtu)
(MMBtu/hr)
(lb/hr)
0.14
504
126.1
0.25
183
550.2
6.5
504
e
Emission
Factor a
(lb/MMBtu)
Wood
Activity
Factorb
(MMBtu/hr)
0.075
504
70.6
504
126.1
0.25
183
1,192.1
6.5
Maximum
Emissions
(lb/hr)
37.8
Natural Gas
Activity
Emission
Factor a
(lb/MMBtu)
Factor
(MMBtu/hr)
Maximum
Maximum
Emissions
Emissions
(lb/hr)
for all fuels

(lb/hr)
0.00059
249
0.15
70.6
249
34.18
126.1
504
126.1
0.14
183
1,192.1
0.00059
249
0.15
1,192.1
3-hr Averages
Particulate (PM)
Particulate (PM10)
0.015
504
7.6
0.015
504
7.6
0.015
504
7.6
0.0075
249
1.9
7.6
0.015
504
7.6
0.015
504
7.6
0.015
504
7.6
0.0075
249
1.9
7.6
Particulate (PM2.5)c
0.0098
504
4.9
0.0098
504
4.9
0.0098
504
4.9
0.0075
249
1.9
4.9
0.078
504
39.1
0.14
504
70.6
0.075
504
37.8
0.00059
249
0.15
70.6
504
126.1
0.25
504
126.1
0.25
504
126.1
0.14
249
34.18
126.1
183
1,192.1
0.082
249
20.5
1,192.1
Sulfur Dioxidej
Nitrogen Oxides (uncontrolled)
0.25
3.0
183
550.2
6.5
183
1,192.1
6.5
VOC
0.017
504
8.6
0.017
504
8.6
0.017
504
8.6
0.0054
249
1.34
8.6
Lead
9.60E-05
504
0.048
9.60E-05
504
0.048
8.4E-05
504
0.042
4.9E-07
249
1.2E-04
0.048
Mercury
1.38E-05
504
0.0070
1.38E-05
504
0.0070
3.6E-06
504
0.0018
2.5E-07
249
6.3E-05
0.0070
6.0E-04
504
0.30
--
249
--
0.30
Fluorides
Sulfuric Acid Mist g
504
0.30
6.0E-04
0.0038
504
1.9
0.018
504
Particulate (PM)
Particulate (PM10)
0.015
Particulate (PM2.5)c
Ammonia h
504
0.30
6.0E-04
0.0069
504
3.5
0.0037
504
1.9
2.9E-05
249
7.2E-03
3.46
8.8
0.018
504
8.8
0.018
504
8.8
0.018
249
4.4
8.8
458
6.9
0.015
458
6.9
0.015
458
6.9
0.0075
249
1.9
6.9
0.015
458
6.9
0.015
458
6.9
0.015
458
6.9
0.0075
249
1.9
6.9
0.0098
458
4.5
0.0098
458
4.5
0.0098
458
4.5
0.0075
249
1.9
4.5
0.078
458
35.5
0.14
458
64.2
0.075
458
34.4
0.00059
249
0.15
64.2
24-hr Averages
Sulfur Dioxidej
Nitrogen Oxides
0.10
3.0
458
45.8
0.10
183
550.2
6.5
458
45.8
0.10
183
1,192.1
6.5
458
45.8
0.10
249
24.90
45.8
183
1,192.1
0.082
249
20.5
1,192.1
VOC
0.017
458
7.8
0.017
458
7.8
0.017
458
7.8
0.0054
249
1.34
7.8
Lead
9.60E-05
458
0.044
9.60E-05
458
0.044
8.4E-05
458
0.039
4.9E-07
249
1.2E-04
0.044
Mercury
1.38E-05
458
0.0063
1.38E-05
458
0.0063
3.6E-06
458
0.0017
2.5E-07
249
6.3E-05
0.0063
6.0E-04
458
0.28
--
249
--
0.28
Fluorides
Sulfuric Acid Mist g
458
0.28
6.0E-04
458
0.28
6.0E-04
0.0038
458
1.7
0.00686
458
3.1
0.003675
458
1.7
2.9E-05
249
7.2E-03
Ammonia h
0.018
458
3.15
8.0
0.018
458
8.0
0.018
458
8.0
0.018
249
4.4
8.0
30-day Rolling Averages

Sulfur Dioxidej
0.078
458
35.5
0.14
458
64.2
0.075
458
34.4
0.00059
Nitrogen Oxides
0.10
458
45.8
0.10
458
45.8
0.10
458
45.8
0.10
Carbon Monoxide
Ammonia h
0.30
458
137.5
0.30
458
137.5
0.30
458
137.5
0.082
0.018
458
8.0
0.018
458
8.0
0.018
458
8.0
0.018
Notes:
Based on Proposed BACT limits, unless otherwise noted.
a
b
Maximum 1-hour and 3-hour heat input based on 275,000 lb/hr steam; maximum 24-hour and 30-day rolling average heat input based on 250,000 lb/hr steam.
Based on wood residue combustion, Section 1.6, AP-42, September 2003; 65 percent of PM emissions.
Based on AP-42 emission factor for Natural Gas (Section 1.4, July 1998), divided by the heating value for natural gas (1,020 Btu/scf).
e
f
Under cold startup conditions, boiler will be limited to 100,000 lb/hr of steam. Cold startup heat input rate is based on this limited steam rate.
Based on highest stack test results for New Hope Power Company Boilers A, B, and C (1999-2002) excluding 1999 wood test for Unit C.
Based on 4% of the SO2 emissions becomes SO3 from AP-42 for fuel oil burning; then convert to SAM (98/80).
Ammonia emission rate of 30 ppmvd @ 7% O2. Gas flow rate = 101,300 dscfm for 24-hour average. Other fuels based on same emissions factor (0.018 lb/MMBtu).
Based on maximum sorghum fuel content, sorghum fuel analysis September 2009. Maximum values used. Assumed 90% control efficiency for Lead.
j
Uncontrolled emission rates for SO2 are 0.31 for sugarcane bagasse, 0.56 lb/MMBtu for sorghum bagasse, and 0.30 lb/MMBtu for wood.
A control efficiency of 75 percent is applied to all emisison rates, except those due to natural gas combustion.
249
0.15
64.2
249
24.9
45.8
249
20.5
137.5
249
4.4
8.0
May 2011
103-87668
Table 2-13: Maximum Annual Emissions for the Biomass Boiler, Highlands EnviroFuels
Regulated
Pollutant
Sugarcane Bagasse
Emission
Activity
Annual
Factor a
Factor
Emissions
(lb/MMBtu)
(1012 Btu/yr)
(TPY)

Emission
Activity
Annual
Factor a
Factor
Emissions
(lb/MMBtu)
(1012 Btu/yr)
(TPY)
Emission
Factor a
(lb/MMBtu)
Wood
Activity
Annual
Factor
Emissions
12
(10 Btu/yr)
(TPY)
Emission
Factor a
Natural Gas
Activity
Annual
Factor
Emissions
12
(lb/MMBtu) (10 Btu/yr)
(TPY)
Total Annual
Emissionsc
(TPY)
Particulate (PM)
Particulate (PM10)
0.015
0.015
1.843
1.843
13.8
13.8
0.015
0.015
1.843
1.843
13.8
13.8
0.015
0.015
0.000
0.000
0.0
0.0
0.0075
0.0075
0.000
0.000
0.0
0.0
27.6
27.6
Particulate (PM2.5)
0.010
1.843
9.0
0.010
1.843
9.0
0.010
0.000
0.0
0.0075
0.000
0.0
18.0
Sulfur dioxide
Nitrogen oxides
Carbon monoxide
VOC
Lead
Mercury
Fluorides
0.078
0.10
0.30
0.017
9.60E-05
1.38E-05
6.0E-04
1.843
1.843
1.843
1.843
1.843
1.843
1.843
71.4
92.2
276.5
15.7
0.088
0.0127
0.55
0.14
0.10
0.30
0.017
9.60E-05
1.38E-05
6.0E-04
1.843
1.843
1.843
1.843
1.843
1.843
1.843
129.0
92.2
276.5
15.7
0.088
0.0127
0.55
0.075
0.10
0.30
0.017
8.4E-05
3.6E-06
6.0E-04
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.000
0.0000
0.00
0.00059
0.10
0.082
0.0054
4.9E-07
2.5E-07
--
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
--
200.4
184.3
552.9
31.3
0.18
0.025
1.1
Sulfuric acid mistb
0.00380
1.843
3.50
0.00686
1.843
6.32
0.00368
0.000
0.00
2.9E-05
0.000
0.0
9.8
0.018
1.843
16.2
0.018
1.843
16.2
0.018
0.000
0.0
0.018
0.000
0.0
32.3
Ammonia
Notes:
a
Refer to Table 2-12 for basis of emission factors.
Based on 4% of the SO2 emissions becomes SO3 from AP-42 for fuel oil burning; then convert to SAM (98/80).
Denotes maximum for any fuel combination.
May 2011
103-87668
Table 2-14: Short-Term Emissions of Hazardous Air Pollutants from the Biomass Boiler
Emission
Factor
HAP
Biomass Boiler
Sugarcane Bagasse
Activity
Control
Hourly
Ref
Factor
Efficiency Emissions
(lb/MMBtu)
(MMBtu/hr)
(lb/MMBtu)
459
UD
UD
459
ND
ND
459
UD
ND
UD
ND
459
90
9.40E-04
2.05E-05
459
2.29
5.00E-03
459
90
1.77E-03
3.85E-05
459
UD
Acetophenone
ND
Acrolein
UD
ND
2.05E-05
459
5.00E-03
459
3.85E-05
459
Antimony
Arsenic
Benzene
Beryllium
bis(2ethylhexyl)phthalate
6.71E-04
459
Cadmiuma
3.33E-05
ND
459
Carbon Disulfide
Carbon Tetrachloride
Chlorine
ND
0.00040
Chlorobenzene
Chloroform
Chromiuma
Chromium+6
ND
ND
2.05E-03
1.37E-04
459
90
6.30E-03
ND
Ethylbenzene
ND
Formaldehyde
1.50E-03
ND
Hexane
Hydrogen Chlorideb
9.90E-03
459
Hydrogen Fluoride
6.00E-04
459
Lead-Totala
9.60E-05
459
2.31E-03
459
90
Mercury
1.38E-05
Methanol
UD
ND
Methyl Isobutyl Ketone

Methylene Chloride
ND
Phosphorus
Propionaldehyde
Seleniuma
Styrene
Dioxin/Furan (2, 3, 7, 8Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin)
Toluene
1, 1, 2-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Vinyl Chloride
m- & p-Xylene
o-Xylene
459
ND
0.24
ND
7.90E-06
459
0.0036
ND
0.24
ND
3.62E-03
Antimony
90
9.40E-04
1.13E-04
459
90
0.24
90
459
0.24
4.88E-06
5.13E-04
5.18E-03
2.29
Arsenic
0.0042
2.00E-04
0.0021
2.29
0.0052
1.93
90
1.77E-03
5.09E-07
459
90
2.33E-05
0.24
90
2.93E-07
ND
1.77E-03
0.31
Beryllium
2.15E-05
1.20E-05
ND
bis(2ethylhexyl)phthalate
1.88E-04
0.0011
90
1.53E-03
Cadmiuma
ND
0.021
ND
0.24
2.69E-05
ND
ND
0.24
ND
Carbon Tetrachloride
0.31
4.70E-08
4.10E-06
459
459
1.53E-03
ND
459
ND
4.50E-05
459
459
1.47
3.10E-03
459
1.42
ND
0.24
ND
2.06E-02
1.47
459
ND
ND
3.3E-05
459
0.015
ND
0.24
ND
1.51E-02
Chlorobenzene
2.8E-05
459
0.013
ND
0.24
ND
1.28E-02
Chloroform
459
0.0014
9.40E-02
Chromiuma
8.40E-05
ND
90
90
459
ND
459
90
9.40E-02
5.22E-05
90
459
90
6.30E-03
ND
3.50E-06
459
2.39E-03
0.0016
6.50E-06
459
0.0030
0.24
0.24
90
ND
Carbon Disulfide
Chlorine
0.24
0.24
3.42E-05
ND
6.30E-03
Chromium+6
0.24
2.05E-05
2.98E-03
Cobalt
0.24
ND
ND
m&p-Cresol
0.24
0.24
ND
ND
Cumene
Dibenzofurans
0.24
ND
ND
ND
ND
Dibutylphthalate
0.24
2.93E-04
2.93E-04
1,4-Dichlorobenzene(p)
0.24
ND
Ethylbenzene
ND
459
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
459
ND
459
459
459
ND
1.78E-09
ND
ND
ND
459
459
459
459
ND
ND
459
ND
ND
459
0.0012
459
ND
ND
459
ND
3.1E-05
459
ND
0.014
459
0.69
ND
1.50E-03
ND
459
0.69
ND
0.0044
459
2.02
0.075
0.24
1.83E-02
1.42E-02
2.02
459
ND
1.8
0.24
4.39E-01
0.44
Hexane
4.54
0.08
10
459
36.68
0.097
459
44.47
ND
95
ND
44.47
Hydrogen Chlorideb
0.275
6.00E-04
459
0.275
6.0E-04
459
0.275
ND
ND
2.75E-01
Hydrogen Fluoride
90
4.40E-03
9.60E-05
459
90
4.40E-03
8.4E-05
459
90
3.85E-03
5.00E-04
0.24
90
1.22E-05
Lead-Totala
0.11
2.31E-03
459
90
0.11
0.0016
459
90
3.80E-04
0.24
90
459
6.33E-03
1.38E-05
459
6.33E-03
3.6E-06
459
7.34E-02
0.0017
0.24
6.33E-03
Mercurya
459
UD
ND
459
459
ND
0.24
ND
ND
Methanol
459
UD
ND
ND
459
UD
ND
2.60E-04
ND
9.28E-06
6.35E-05
4.40E-03
0.11
ND
459
ND
ND
0.24
ND
ND
Methyl Isobutyl Ketone
459
ND
ND
459
ND
ND
459
ND
ND
0.24
ND
ND
Methylene Chloride
5.04E-02
1.10E-03
5.04E-02
3.30E-05
1.51E-03
0.0021
5.04E-02
Nickela
459
90
ND
459
ND
459
459
0.0142
ND
3.10E-05
ND
459
ND
ND
2.94E-04
6.41E-06
459
90
459
459
90
ND
ND
90
ND
ND
ND
0.24
0.24
Manganesea
459
5.04E-05
ND
0.24
5.13E-05
ND
5.04E-05
4-Nitrophenol
ND
0.24
ND
2.34E-05
Pentachlorophenol (PCP)
ND
0.24
ND
2.34E-02
Phenols
0.24
90
Formaldehyde
ND
459
ND
1.10E-07
459
ND
459
ND
5.10E-08
459
459
5.10E-05
459
459
0.0142
ND
2.34E-05
0.023
2.70E-05
459
0.012
ND
0.24
ND
1.24E-02
Phosphorus
459
ND
6.10E-05
459
0.028
ND
0.24
ND
2.80E-02
Propionaldehyde
2.94E-04
2.80E-06
459
2.40E-05
ND
5.86E-07
ND
2.94E-04
0.87
Seleniuma
459
1.28E-04
0.87
ND
3.94E-09
8.30E-04
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
0.42
ND
ND
8.25E-03
ND
1.15E-02
459
90
90
ND
459
ND
ND
459
ND
0.0019
ND
459
ND
ND
459
ND
8.60E-12
459
3.94E-09
ND
459
459
459
459
459
459
0.046
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
1.00E-04
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
459
459
459
459
459
459
0.046
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
9.20E-04
ND
ND
1.80E-05
ND
2.50E-05
459
459
459
459
459
459
0.42
ND
ND
0.0083
ND
0.011
0.0034
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\2\Table 2-14, 2-15 Appx B HAPs.xlsx
ND
4
4
Benzene
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
1.00E-04
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
459
459
8
Acrolein
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
4.0E-03
ND
459
459
6.41E-06
UD
459
ND
459
ND
459
2.05E-03
1.37E-04
9.40E-02
Acetophenone
ND
ND
ND
3.10E-05
ND
Acetaldehyde
1.47E-06
1.83
0.0032
1,4-Dichlorobenzene(p)
Phenols
0.38
ND
ND
ND
Dibutylphthalate
Pentachlorophenol (PCP)
ND
0.24
0.18
459
459
459
4-Nitrophenol
0.24
ND
459
90
ND
1.47E-06
1.83
459
459
1.10E-03
0.38
459
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
Nickela
459
ND
m&p-Cresol
459
459
HAP
3.2E-09
459
(lb/hr)
8.3E-04
459
459
(lb/hr)
ND
(lb/hr)
Maximum
Emissions for
All Fuels
UD
(%)
Hourly
Emissions
459
3.33E-05
ND
(MMBtu/hr)
Natural Gas
Emission
Activity
Control
Factor
Ref
Factor
Efficiency
6
(lb/10 scf)
(MMscf/hr)
(%)
459
6.71E-04
Ref
Wood
Activity
Control
Hourly
Factor
(lb/MMBtu)
0.31
459
Manganese
(%)
Emission
Factor
(lb/hr)
1.53E-03
ND
90
ND
(MMBtu/hr)
459
Cobalt
Cumene
Dibenzofurans
Sorghum Bagasse
Activity
Control
Hourly
Ref
Factor
(lb/hr)
Acetaldehyde
(%)
Emission
Factor
4
4
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
90
Styrene
Dioxin/Furan (2, 3, 7, 8Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin)
Toluene
1, 1, 2-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Vinyl Chloride
m- & p-Xylene
o-Xylene
May 2011
103-87668
Table 2-14: Short-Term Emissions of Hazardous Air Pollutants from the Biomass Boiler
Emission
Factor
HAP
Sugarcane Bagasse
Activity
Control
Hourly
Ref
Factor
(lb/MMBtu)
(MMBtu/hr)
ND
459
459
Acenaphthylene
ND
1.00E-06
459
Anthracene
4.56E-07
459
Benzo (a) anthracene

Benzo(a)pyrene
3.00E-06
1.00E-06
Benzo(b)fluoranthene
Benzo(e)pyrene
Benzo(g,h,i)perylene
Benzo(j,k)fluoranthene
1.97E-06
Chrysene
3.00E-06
(%)
(lb/hr)
Emission
Factor
Sorghum Bagasse
Activity
Control
Hourly
Ref
Factor
(lb/MMBtu)
(MMBtu/hr)
ND
ND
459
ND
459
4.59E-04
ND
1.00E-06
459
2.09E-04
4.56E-07
459
459
1.38E-03
3.00E-06
459
4.59E-04
1.00E-06
3.00E-06
459
1.38E-03
1.00E-06
459
4.59E-04
459
ND
ND
459
9.03E-04
1.97E-06
459
1.38E-03
3.00E-06
(%)
(lb/hr)
Emission
Factor
Ref
Wood
Activity
Control
Hourly
Factor
(%)
(lb/hr)
Natural Gas
Emission
Activity
Control
Factor
Ref
Factor
Efficiency
6
(lb/10 scf)
(MMscf/hr)
(%)
Hourly
Emissions
Maximum
Emissions for
All Fuels
(lb/hr)
(lb/hr)
4.39E-07
3-Methylcholanthrene
(MMBtu/hr)
ND
ND
459
ND
1.80E-06
0.24
4.39E-07
ND
4
4
459
4.39E-07
4.17E-04
1.80E-06
7
7
0.24
459
4.17E-04
0.0023
1.80E-06
4.59E-04
9.1E-07
5.0E-06
0.24
4.39E-07
2.29E-03
Acenaphthene
Acenaphthylene
2.09E-04
3.0E-06
459
0.0014
5.86E-07
1.38E-03
Anthracene
1.38E-03
6.5E-08
459
0.24
4.39E-07
1.38E-03
459
4.59E-04
2.6E-06
459
2.98E-05
0.0012
7
7
0.24
459
2.40E-06
1.80E-06
2.93E-07
1.19E-03
Benzo (a) anthracene

Benzo(a)pyrene
459
1.38E-03
1.0E-07
459
4.59E-05
7
7
0.24
3.00E-06
1.20E-06
1.80E-06
0.24
4.39E-07
1.38E-03
Benzo(b)fluoranthene
1.00E-06
459
4.59E-04
2.6E-09
459
1.19E-06
ND
0.24
ND
4.59E-04
459
ND
9.3E-08
459
4.26E-05
0.24
2.93E-07
4.26E-05
Benzo(e)pyrene
Benzo(g,h,i)perylene
459
9.03E-04
1.6E-07
459
7.34E-05
1.20E-06
1.80E-06
ND
9.03E-04
Benzo(j,k)fluoranthene
459
1.38E-03
3.8E-08
459
1.74E-05
1.80E-06
7
7
0.24
0.24
4.39E-07
1.38E-03
Chrysene
4.17E-06
ND
1.20E-06
ND
0.24
2.93E-07
4.17E-06
Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene
0.24
ND
7.34E-04
0.0016
3.00E-06
0.24
7.32E-07
ND
5.50E-03
Fluoranthene
2.80E-06
0.24
6.84E-07
1.56E-03
Fluorene
3.99E-05
indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene
Naphthalene
POMs
3-Methylcholanthrene
Acenaphthene
POMs
ND
Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene
ND
459
ND
ND
459
ND
9.1E-09
459
Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene
ND
459
ND
ND
459
ND
ND
459
459
0.0055
1.20E-05
459
0.0055
1.6E-06
459
ND
459
ND
ND
459
ND
3.4E-06
459
ND
459
ND
ND
459
ND
8.7E-08
459
459
0.0105
2.30E-05
459
0.0105
9.7E-05
459
Fluoranthene
Fluorene
HAP
(lb/MMBtu)
1.20E-05
1.80E-06
0.24
4.39E-07
6.10E-04
ND
0.24
1.49E-04
4.45E-02
0.24
ND
2.38E-07
1.70E-05
0.24
4.15E-06
3.21E-03
Perylene
Phenanthrene
0.0017
5.00E-06
0.24
1.22E-06
4.59E-03
Pyrene
0.057
6.58E-04
0.24
1.61E-04
0.06
Total POMs**
indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene
Naphthalene
2.30E-05
Perylene
Phenanthrene
459
ND
ND
459
ND
5.2E-10
459
5.00E-06
459
0.0023
5.00E-06
459
0.0023
7.0E-06
459
2.38E-07
0.0032
Pyrene
1.00E-05
459
0.0046
1.00E-05
459
0.0046
3.7E-06
459
Total POMs**
6.44E-05
459
0.030
6.44E-05
459
0.030
0.00012
459
ND
Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene
3.99E-05
0.044
MAXIMUM SINGLE HAP
4.54
36.68
44.47
0.439
44.47
MAXIMUM SINGLE HAP
TOTAL
8.65
42.07
53.92
0.460
55.27
TOTAL
UD = Undetected
ND = No Data available
a
Assumed 90% control efficiency for all metals, except mercury for which zero control was assumed.
b
For HCl a control efficiency of 95 percent was applied.
References
1. Based on highest stack test results for New Hope Power Company Boilers A, B, and C (1999-2002) excluding 1999 wood test for Unit C.
2. Based on HAP Emissions for U.S. Sugar-Clewiston Boiler 7 - Highest of three runs January 31, 2000.
3. Based on average of three stack testing runs of Boiler No. 7. (December, 2002)
4. Based on AP-42 emission factors for wood combustion (Section 1.6).
5. Based on the maximum of stack test result for boilers firing wood or a combination of wood and bagasse, 2004-2007. See Appendix B, Table B-4.
6. Based on AP-42 emission factors for natural gas combustion (Section 1.4).
7. Based on HAP testing of bagasse fired boilers. Maximum of 18 runs for HCl. Emissions for Cl 2 based on AP-42 for wood firing and Appendix B, Table B-4, which shows 4% of HCl is emitted as Cl 2.
8. Based on the maximum of fuel analysis results for SRF sweet sorghum analysis conducted Sept. 2009.
9. Based on the ratio of wood emission factor for Chromium VI to Chromium.
10. Based on maximum chlorine content of sorghum (0.24% Cl or 0.32 lb/MMBtu as HCl) and assuming 75% inherent removal in ash. Chlorine emissions are 4% of HCl, based on AP-42 for wood firing and Appendix B, Table B-4.
**Sum of all POMs, unless emission factors are only listed for Total POMs, not individuals, and will be noted.
May 2011
103-87668
Table 2-15: Summary of Annual Emissions of Hazardous Air Pollutants from the Biomass Boiler
Fuel Scenario
Maximum Single HAP

(TPY)
Total HAPs
(TPY)
Bagasse Only
6.91
15.84
90% Bagasse/10% Wood
6.85
18.26
70% Bagasse/30% Natural Gas
4.56
11.40
Worst-Case HAPs Total
6.91
18.26
See Appendix B, Tables B-5, B-6, and B-7.
May 2011
103-87668
Table 2-16. Maximum Annual Fugitive Dust Emissions for Highlands EnviroFuels, LLC
M
SOURCE
TYPE OF
OPERATION
MOISTURE
WIND
CONTENT a SPEED b
(%)
(MPH)
UNCONTROLLED
UNCONTROLLED
UNCONTROLLED
PM EMISSION
PM10 EMISSION
PM2.5 EMISSION
CONTROL
CONTROL
TYPE
EFFICIENCY
FACTOR
(%)
(LB/TON)
FACTOR
FACTOR
FACTOR
(LB/TON) c
(LB/TON) c
(LB/TON) c
CONTROLLED
CONTROLLED
CONTROLLED
PM EMISSION
PM10 EMISSION
PM2.5 EMISSION
ACTIVITY
MAXIMUM ANNUAL EMISSIONS
FACTOR
FACTOR
FACTOR
(LB/TON)
(LB/TON)
PM (TSP)
PM10
PM2.5
(TONS/YR)
(TONS/YR)
(TONS/YR)
BIOMASS DELIVERIES
SUGARCANE TRUCK TRAFFIC ON PAVED ROADSi
VEHICULAR TRAFFIC
--
--
0.11 lb/VMT
0.022 lb/VMT
0.0054 lb/VMT
WATER/SWEEP
50
0.055 lb/VMT
0.011 lb/VMT
0.0027 lb/VMT
25,500 VMT
0.70
0.14
SORGHUM TRUCK TRAFFIC ON PAVED ROADSi
VEHICULAR TRAFFIC
--
--
0.11 lb/VMT
0.022 lb/VMT
0.0054 lb/VMT
WATER/SWEEP
50
0.055 lb/VMT
0.011 lb/VMT
0.0027 lb/VMT
25,500 VMT
0.70
0.14
0.035
WOOD TRUCK TRAFFIC ON PAVED ROADSi
VEHICULAR TRAFFIC
--
--
0.11 lb/VMT
0.022 lb/VMT
0.0054 lb/VMT
WATER/SWEEP
50
0.055 lb/VMT
0.011 lb/VMT
0.0027 lb/VMT
1,475 VMT
0.041
0.0081
0.0020
BAGASSE FROM DRYING SYSTEM-TO-TRANSFER CONVEYOR
CONTINUOUS DROP
50
6.9
0.000040
0.000019
0.0000028
ENCLOSURE
0.000040
0.000019
0.0000028
467,874 TPY
0.0093
0.0044
0.00067
TRANSFER CONVEYOR-TO-HOPPER
CONTINUOUS DROP
50
6.9
0.000040
0.000019
0.0000028
ENCLOSURE
0.000040
0.000019
0.0000028
467,874 TPY
0.0093
0.0044
0.00067
467,874 TPY
0.0093
0.0044
0.00067
467,874 TPY
0.0093
0.0044
0.00067
46,787 TPY
0.00093
0.00044
0.000067
0.035
BAGASSE HANDLING
HOPPER-TO-BAGASSE DISTRIBUTION CONVEYOR
CONTINUOUS DROP
BAGASSE DISTRIBUTION CONVEYOR-TO-METER BINS
CONTINUOUS DROP
BAG. DIS. CONV. OVERFLOW-TO-SURPLUS BAGASSE CONVEYOR

SURPLUS BAGASSE CONVEYOR-TO-BAGASSE STORAGE PILE
FRONT END LOADER (RECLAIM)-TO-RECLAIM CONVEYOR
RECLAIM CONVEYOR-TO-RETURN CONVEYOR
CONTINUOUS DROP
BAGASSE STORAGE PILE
FRONT END LOADER BAGASSE STORAGE PILE MAINTENANCE

BULLDOZER BAGASSE STORAGE PILE MAINTENANCE
6.9
0.000040
0.000040
0.000019
0.000019
0.000019
0.0000028
0.0000028
0.0000028
ENCLOSURE
ENCLOSURE
ENCLOSURE
0
0
0
0.000040
0.000040
0.000040
0.000019
0.000019
0.000019
0.0000028
0.0000028
0.0000028
50
6.9
0.000040
0.000019
0.0000028
ENCLOSURE
0.000040
0.000019
0.0000028
46,787 TPY
0.00093
0.00044
0.000067
BATCH DROP
50
6.9
0.000040
0.000019
0.0000028
NONE
0.000040
0.000019
0.0000028
46,787 TPY
0.00093
0.00044
0.000067
46,787 TPY
0.00093
0.00044
0.000067
46,787 TPY
0.00093
0.00044
0.000067
46,787 TPY
0.00093
0.00044
0.000067
46,787 TPY
0.00093
0.00044
0.000067
--
0.015
0.0076
0.0076
10,950 VMT
0.37
0.044
0.0044
2,190 hr/yr
0.008
0.0005
0.00018
CONTINUOUS DROP
HOPPER-TO-BAGASSE DISTRIBUTION CONVEYOR
50
6.9
0.000040
CONTINUOUS DROP
CONTINUOUS DROP
BAGASSE TRANSFER CONVEYOR-TO-HOPPER
50
6.9
CONTINUOUS DROP
RETURN CONVEYOR-TO-BAGASSE TRANSFER CONVEYOR
50
50
50
50
6.9
6.9
6.9
CONTINUOUS DROP
50
6.9
WIND EROSION
--
--
VEHICULAR TRAFFIC
--
--
VEHICULAR TRAFFIC
--
--
0.000040
0.000040
0.000040
0.000040
-0.27 lb/VMT
0.031 lb/hr
0.000019
0.000019
0.000019
0.000019
0.0000028
0.0000028
0.0000028
0.0000028
-0.032 lb/VMT
0.0018 lb/hr
-0.0032 lb/VMT
0.00067 lb/hr
ENCLOSURE
ENCLOSURE
ENCLOSURE
0
0
0
ENCLOSURE
WATERING
50
PARTIAL ENCLOSURE/WATERING
75
75
0.000040
0.000040
0.000040
0.000040
-0.07 lb/VMT
0.008 lb/hr
0.000019
0.000019
0.000019
0.000019
-0.008 lb/VMT
0.00046 lb/hr
0.0000028
0.0000028
0.0000028
0.0000028
-0.0008 lb/VMT
0.00017 lb/hr
WOOD HANDLING
TRUCK DUMP-TO-WOOD STORAGE PILE
UNLOADING CONVEYOR-TO-HOGGER
HOGGER
HOGGER-TO-STORAGE CONVEYOR
BATCH DROP
40
6.9
0.000054
0.000026
0.0000039
NONE
0.000054
0.000026
0.0000039
47,705 TPY
0.0013
0.00061
0.000093
CONTINUOUS DROP
40
6.9
0.000054
0.000026
0.0000039
ENCLOSURE
0.000054
0.000026
0.0000039
47,705 TPY
0.0013
0.00061
0.000093
CRUSHING
--
--
0.020
0.0095
0.0014
ENCLOSED
95
0.0010
0.00047
0.000072
47,705 TPY
0.024
0.011
0.0017
BATCH DROP
40
6.9
0.000054
0.000026
0.0000039
ENCLOSURE
0.000054
0.000026
0.0000039
47,705 TPY
0.0013
0.00061
0.000093
SCREEN-TO-STORAGE CONVEYOR
CONTINUOUS DROP
40
6.9
0.000054
0.000026
0.0000039
ENCLOSURE
0.000054
0.000026
0.0000039
47,705 TPY
0.0013
0.00061
0.000093
STORAGE CONVEYOR-TO-WOOD STORAGE PILE
CONTINUOUS DROP
40
6.9
0.000054
0.000026
0.0000039
ENCLOSURE
0.000054
0.000026
0.0000039
47,705 TPY
0.0013
0.00061
0.000093
BATCH DROP
40
6.9
0.000054
0.000026
0.0000039
NONE
0.000054
0.000026
0.0000039
47,705 TPY
0.0013
0.00061
0.000093
RECLAIM CONVEYOR-TO-RETURN CONVEYOR
CONTINUOUS DROP
40
6.9
0.000054
0.000026
0.0000039
ENCLOSURE
0.000054
0.000026
0.0000039
47,705 TPY
0.0013
0.00061
0.000093
RETURN CONVEYOR-TO-HOPPER
CONTINUOUS DROP
40
6.9
0.000054
0.000026
0.0000039
ENCLOSURE
0.000054
0.000026
0.0000039
47,705 TPY
0.0013
0.00061
0.000093
HOPPER-TO-HORIZONTAL DISCHARGE CONVEYOR

WOOD STORAGE PILEf
CONTINUOUS DROP
40
6.9
0.000054
0.000026
0.0000039
ENCLOSURE
0.000054
0.000026
0.0000039
47,705 TPY
0.0013
0.00061
0.000093
WIND EROSION
--
--
WATERING
50
VEHICULAR TRAFFIC
--
--
3.52 lb/VMT
0.86 lb/VMT
0.086 lb/VMT
75
0.88 lb/VMT
0.21 lb/VMT
VEHICULAR TRAFFIC
--
--
3.32 lb/hr
0.61 lb/hr
0.073 lb/hr
75
0.83 lb/hr
0.15 lb/hr
ASH DROP TO DRAG CONVEYOR 1
CONTINUOUS DROP
10
6.9
0.000378
0.000179
0.0000271
ENCLOSURE
0.000378
0.000179
0.0000271
21,634 TPY
DRAG CONVEYOR 1 TO DRAG CONVEYOR 2
CONTINUOUS DROP
10
6.9
0.000378
0.000179
0.0000271
ENCLOSURE
0.000378
0.000179
0.0000271
21,634 TPY
DRAG CONVEYOR 2 TO DRAG CONVEYOR 3
CONTINUOUS DROP
10
6.9
0.000378
0.000179
0.0000271
ENCLOSURE
0.000378
0.000179
0.0000271
DRAG CONVEYOR 3 TO ASH SILO
CONTINUOUS DROP
10
6.9
0.000378
0.000179
0.0000271
ENCLOSURE
0.000378
0.000179
0.0000271
FRONT END LOADER (RECLAIM)-TO-RECLAIM CONVEYOR
FRONTEND LOADER WOOD STORAGE PILE MAINTENANCE

BULLDOZER WOOD STORAGE PILE MAINTENANCE
--
--
--
--
--
-0.021 lb/VMT
0.018 lb/hr
--
0.20
0.10
10,950 VMT
4.81
1.18
0.10
0.12
2,190 hr/yr
0.91
0.17
0.020
0.0041
0.0019
0.00029
0.0041
0.0019
0.00029
21,634 TPY
0.0041
0.0019
0.00029
21,634 TPY
0.0041
0.0019
0.00029
21,634 TPY
0.0041
0.0019
0.00029
ASH HANDLING
ASH SILO TO TRUCK

ASH TRUCK TRAFFIC ON PAVED ROADSj
CONTINUOUS DROP
10
6.9
0.000378
0.000179
VEHICULAR TRAFFIC
--
--
0.11 lb/VMT
0.022 lb/VMT
PRODUCT LOAD OUT

ETHANOL TRUCK TRAFFIC ON PAVED ROADSi
VEHICULAR TRAFFIC
--
--
0.13 lb/VMT
DENATURANT/GASOLINE TRUCK TRAFFIC ON PAVED ROADSi
VEHICULAR TRAFFIC
--
--
LIME DELIVERIES
LIME TRUCK TRAFFIC ON PAVED ROADSi
VEHICULAR TRAFFIC
--
--
0.0000271
ENCLOSURE
0.000378
0.000179
0.0000271
0.0054 lb/VMT
WATER/SWEEP
50
0.06 lb/VMT
0.011 lb/VMT
0.0027 lb/VMT
735 VMT
0.020
0.0041
0.0010
0.027 lb/VMT
0.0065 lb/VMT
WATER/SWEEP
50
0.066 lb/VMT
0.013 lb/VMT
0.0033 lb/VMT
1,640 VMT
0.055
0.011
0.0027
0.13 lb/VMT
0.027 lb/VMT
0.0065 lb/VMT
WATER/SWEEP
50
0.066 lb/VMT
0.013 lb/VMT
0.0033 lb/VMT
74 VMT
0.0025
0.00049
0.00012
0.11 lb/VMT
0.022 lb/VMT
0.0054 lb/VMT
WATER/SWEEP
50
0.055 lb/VMT
0.011 lb/VMT
0.0027 lb/VMT
47 VMT
0.00129
0.00026
0.000064
DENATURANT/GASOLINE DELIVERIES
TOTAL
Notes:
Bagasse will be dried to 50% moisture after it is sent through the drying system. Wood moisture content based on sample testing conducted March 2008, New Hope Power Company, LLC.
a
b
Based on the average of hourly windspeed data from Fort Myers International Airport for 2001-2005.
Batch Drop and Continuous Drop Emission Factors are computed from AP-42 (USEPA, 2006) Section 13.2.4: E= k x 0.0032 x (U/5)^1.3 / (M/2)^1.4 lb/ton, where k = 0.74 for PM, 0.35 for PM10, and .053 for PM2.5.
Refer to Table 2-2 for biomass usage, worst-case fugitive is for the 10% wood scenario. Usage rates for bagasse (425,340 TPY) and wood (43,368 TPY), and an additional 10% was added to account for year-to-year variations.
Assuming 10% of biomass is overfeed.
Refer to Table C-1, Appendix C for calculation.
Refer to C-2 in Appendix C.
Refer to Table C-3 in Appendix C.
Refer Table C-4 in Appendix C.
Refer to Table C-4, Appendix C, for emissions calculation. Table 2-25 shows ash generation based on sugarcane bagasse at 1.5% ash, sorghum bagasse at 2.7% ash, wood at 9% ash.
Emission factor reference: AP-42 (USEPA, 2004) Section 11.19.2. PM 2.5 assumed to be equal to PM10.
Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\2\Table 2-16 C1-C5.xlsx
7.9
1.8
0.33
May 2011
103-87668
Table 2-17: Physical, Performance, and Emissions Data for the Cooling Tower
Parameter
Physical Data
Number of Cells
Deck Dimensions (ft)
Length
Width
Height
Stack Dimensions
Height (ft)
Stack Top Effective Inner Diameter per cell (ft)
Effective Diameter, all cells (ft)
Performance Data
Circulating Water Flow Rate (CWFR) (gal/min)
Design Wet Bulb Temperature (F)
Design Cold Water Temperature (F)
Heat Rejected (MMBtu/hr)
Design Air Flow Rate per cell (acfm)
Hours of Operation
Typical Valuesa
Basis
CAD Drawing
80
40
30
CAD Drawing
CAD Drawing
Estimated
35
33
33.0
Estimated
Estimated
Estimated
34,000
77
Fagen
272.22
211,860
8,760
Fagen
Emission Data
Drift Rateb (DR) (percent)
0.0010
Fagen
Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) Concentration, maximum (ppm)c
500
Estimated
Solution Driftd (SD) (lb/hr)
170
Calculated
PM Drifte (lb/hr)
(TPY)
0.0851
0.373
PM10 Drift
PM10 Portion (percent) of PM Drift
PM10 Emissions (lb/hr)
(TPY)
50
Estimated
0.0425
0.186
PM2.5 Drift
PM2.5 Portion (percent) of PM Drift
PM2.5 Emissions (lb/hr)
(TPY)
50
Estimated
0.0425
0.186
Footnotes:
a
Typical cooling tower design for indicated conditions.
Drift rate is the percent of circulating water.
TDS estimated based on typical TDS value for freshwater in the vicinity of the proposed project.
Includes water and based on circulating water flow rate and drift rate (CWFR x DR x 8.34 lb/gal x 60 min/hr).
PM calculated based on total dissolved solids and solution drift (TDS x SD).
Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\2\Table 2-17 Cooling Tower.xlsx
May 2011
103-87668
Table 2-18: Physical, Performance, and Emissions Data for the Truck/Rail Loading Rack Flare
Parameter
Values
Basis
30
1
Estimated
Estimated
Physical Data
Dimensions (ft)
Stack Height
Stack Diameter
Performance Data
3
Hourly Ethanol/Blends Throughput (10 gallons/hr)

3
Annual Ethanol/Blends Throughput (10 gallons/yr)

Flare Pilot Heat Rate (MMBtu/hr)
Flare Control Efficiency (%)
Flare Pilot Hours of Operation (hr/yr)
Flare Hours of Operation (hr/yr)
VOC Loading Emission Factor Calculation
Saturation Factor (unitless)
Molecular Weight of Vapors (lb/lb-mol)
Product Temperature (R)
True Vapor Pressure (psia)
3
VOC Loading Loss - Total (lb/10 gal)
36
600 gpm, truck or railcar filling
37,620,000
0.184
98.0
8,760
3,120
Highlands Envirofuels, LLC

based on 3 scfm natural gas
Estimated
Maximum
Maximum
1
64
534.3
AP-42 Table 5.2-1

TANKS 4.0.9d
TANKS 4.0.9d
8.63
TANKS 4.0.9d (Based on

gasoline RVP of 12)
12.9
Flare Heat Input Calculation

Gasoline Heat Content (Btu/gal)
Gasoline Density (lb/gal)
Gasoline Heat Content (Btu/lb)
130,000
6.17
21,070
AP-42 Appendix A
AP-42 Appendix A
displaced truck gasoline vapors
9.8
Calculated
Flare Heat Input Rate (MMBtu/hr)b

VOC Loading Emission Calculation
Uncontrolled VOCs
Controlled VOCs
lb/hr
463.66
9.27
TPY
242.3
4.85
Flare Combustion Emission Factors

SO2 (lb/MMBtu)c
0.00059
AP-42 Table 1.4-2
NOx (lb/MMBtu)d
0.068
AP-42 Table 13.5-1
CO (lb/MMBtu)d
0.37
0.0034
AP-42 Table 13.5-1

AP-42 Table 13.5-1
0.14
AP-42 Table 13.5-1
PM/PM10/PM2.5 (lb/MMBtu)d
VOCs - Total Hydrocarbons (lb/MMBtu)e
Emissions Calculations
SO2 (lb/MMBtu)
NOx (lb/MMBtu)
CO (lb/MMBtu)
PM/PM10/PM2.5 (lb/MMBtu)
VOCs - Total Hydrocarbons (lb/MMBtu)
Loading and Combustion Total VOCs
a
Activity Factor
(MMBtu/hr)
9.8
9.8
9.8
(lb/hr)
0.0057
0.66
3.61
Emissions
9.8
9.8
0.034
1.37
0.052
2.13
--
10.64
6.98
(TPY)
0.0090
1.04
5.64
The emission factor for VOCs is based on the following equation for loading loss:
VOC Loading Loss (lb/10 3 gal) = 12.46 x Saturation Factor x Vapor Pressure (psia) x Molecular Weight (lb/lb-mol)
/ Temperature (R)
The flare heat input rate is calculated based on the following equation:
Flare Heat Rate (MMBtu/hr) = Hourly Ethanol Throughput (10 3 gallons/hr) x VOC Loading Loss (lb/10 3 gal)
x Gasoline Heat Content (Btu/lb)/10 6
Based on AP-42 Table 1.4-2, 0.6 lb/106 scf for Natural Gas, and 1,020 Btu/scf for natural gas.
AP-42 Table 13.5-1 (Industrial Flares), soot for lightly smoking flares (40 g/L).
Assuming all PM is converted to PM10 and PM2.5.
Assumed all hydrocarbons are VOCs for conservative estimate.
Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\2\Table 2-18, 2-19 Truck Loading Rack Flare.xlsx
May 2011
103-87668
Table 2-19: Truck/Rail Loading Rack Flare HAP Emission Estimates

Total VOC Emissions
Maximum Hourly (lb/hr)
Total Losses (TPY)
Speciated Constituents of
Gasoline VOCsa
10.64
6.98
VOC Emissions
(lb/hr)
(TPY)
CAS Number
% of Total Vapor
Released
71-43-2
106-97-8
590-18-1
624-64-6
627-20-3
110-82-7
287-92-3
75-83-2
108-08-7
74-84-0
1.41
28.53
0.83
1.02
0.67
0.43
0.61
1.04
0.43
0.07
0.150
3.04
0.0883
0.109
0.0713
0.0458
0.0649
0.111
0.0458
0.00745
0.098
1.99
0.058
0.071
0.047
0.030
0.043
0.073
0.030
0.0049
Ethylbenzeneb
Heptane, n-
100-41-4
142-82-5
0.06
0.40
0.00638
0.0426
0.0042
0.028
Hexane, n-b
Isobutane
Isopropyl Benzene
Methylcyclohexane
Methylcyclopentane
Methylheptane, 3Methylhexane, 3Methylpentane, 3Octane, nPentane, nPentene, 1Propane
110-54-3
75-28-5
98-82-8
108-87-2
96-37-7
589-81-1
589-34-4
96-14-0
111-65-9
109-66-0
109-67-1
74-98-6
3.75
8.34
0.01
0.12
1.41
0.06
0.42
1.99
0.03
7.25
0.86
1.06
0.399
0.887
0.00106
0.0128
0.150
0.00638
0.0447
0.212
0.00319
0.771
0.0915
0.113
0.26
0.58
0.00070
0.0084
0.098
0.0042
0.029
0.139
0.0021
0.51
0.060
0.074
Tolueneb
Trans-2-Pentene
Trimethylbenzene, 1,2,4Trimethylbenzene, 1,3,5-
108-88-3
646-04-8
95-63-6
108-67-8
1.25
1.37
0.05
0.02
0.133
0.146
0.00532
0.00213
0.087
0.096
0.0035
0.00140
Trimethylpentane, 2,2,4-b
Trimethylpentane, 2,3,4-
540-84-1
565-75-3
0.42
0.07
0.0447
0.00745
0.029
0.0049
Xylene, o-b
Unidentified VOC
95-47-6
NA
0.04
35.98
0.00426
3.83
10.64
0.34
0.0028
2.51
6.98
0.22
Benzeneb
Butane, nButene, cis-2Butene, trans-2Pentene, cis-2Cyclohexane
Cyclopentane
Dimethylbutane, 2,2Dimethylpentane, 2,4Ethane
Total VOC
Total HAPs
Speciation is based on EPAs SPECIATE 3.2 program for profile No. 2490.
Hazardous Air Pollutant (HAP).
Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\2\Table 2-18, 2-19 Truck Loading Rack Flare.xlsx
May 2011
103-87668
Table 2-20: Physical, Performance, and Emissions Data for the Emergency Generator
Parameter
Values
Basis
Performance Data
Capacity (hp)
(ekW)
2,682
2,000
Caterpillar
Caterpillar
Fuel: No. 2 Fuel Oil or Natural Gas

Maximum Sulfur Content (%)
Average Heat Input Rate (MMBtu/hr)
(gal/hr)
Hours of Operation (hr/yr)
0.0015
19.45
138.9
500
On-road diesel fuel

Estimated
Calculated
Maximum
Emission Factors
SO2 (lb/MMBtu)
0.00059
for Natural Gas firing
NOx (g/hp-hr)
5.39
CAT
CO (g/hp-hr)a
0.29
0.026
CAT
0.11
CAT
PM/PM10/PM2.5 (g/hp-hr)a
a
VOC (g/hp-hr)
CAT
SO2
NOx
CO
PM/PM10/PM2.5
VOC
a
Activity Factor
19.45 MMBtu/hr
2,682 hp
2,682 hp
2,682 hp
2,682 hp
(lb/hr)
0.011
31.80
1.71
0.15
0.65
Emissionsb
(TPY)
0.0029
7.95
0.43
0.038
0.16
Subpart IIII emission factors are based on a weighted cycle. Manufacturer data, based on 100% load, for
Caterpillar diesel engine (CAT 3516C TA) is considered more representative. Therefore, the manufacturer
emission factors were used.
Example Calculation:
0.29 g/hp-hr CO x 2,682 hp/generator x lb/454.6 g = 1.71 lb/hr CO
1.71 lb/hr CO x 500 hr/yr x 1 ton/2,000 lb = 0.43 TPY CO
Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\2\Table 2-20 to 2-23 Emergency Equip.xlsx
May 2011
103-87668
Table 2-21: HAPs Emission Estimates for the Emergency Generator
Pollutant
Activity Factor
Emission Factor
(lb/MMBtu) a
(MMBtu/hr)
2.52E-05
7.88E-06
7.76E-04
7.89E-05
2.79E-03
1.30E-04
2.81E-04
1.93E-04
19.45
19.45
19.45
19.45
19.45
19.45
19.45
19.45
Acetaldehyde
Acrolein
Benzene
Formaldehyde
Propylene
Naphthalene
Toluene
Xylene
(MMBtu/yr)
9,725
9,725
9,725
9,725
9,725
9,725
9,725
9,725
TOTAL HAP
Based on information provided in EPA's AP-42, Tables 3.4-3 and 3.4-4.
Based on 500 hr/yr.
Total Emissions
(lb/hr)
(TPY)
4.90E-04
1.53E-04
1.51E-02
1.53E-03
5.43E-02
2.53E-03
5.47E-03
3.75E-03
0.083
1.23E-04
3.83E-05
3.77E-03
3.84E-04
1.36E-02
6.32E-04
1.37E-03
9.38E-04
0.021
May 2011
103-87668
Table 2-22: Physical, Performance, and Emissions Data for the Emergency Fire Pump Engine
Parameter
Performance Data
Capacity (hp)
(eKw)
Fuel: No. 2 Fuel Oil or Natural Gas
Maximum Sulfur Content (%)
Average Heat Input Rate (MMBtu/hr)
Hours of Operation (hr/yr)
Emission Factors
SO2 (lb/MMBtu)
Values
Basis
600
448
Caterpillar
Caterpillar
0.0015
On-road diesel fuel
4.3
500
Calculated
Maximum
0.00059
for Natural Gas firing
NOx (g/Kw-hr)
CO (g/Kw-hr)
PM/PM10/PM2.5 (g/Kw-hr)
3.60
3.50
0.20
Subpart IIII, Table 4

VOC (g/Kw-hr)b
0.40
SO2
NOx
CO
PM/PM10/PM2.5
VOC
Activity Factor
4.3 MMBtu/hr
448 kW
448 kW
448 kW
448 kW
(lb/hr)
0.0025
3.55
3.45
0.20
0.39
Emissionsc
(TPY)
0.0006
0.89
0.86
0.049
0.10
Based on 31.4 gal/hr diesel and 136,000 Btu/gal.
Based on Subpart IIII emission limit for NOx + NMHC of 4.0 g/Kw-hr. Assuming 90% is NOx, and 10% is VOCs.
Example Calculation:
3.5 g/Kw-hr CO x 448 Kw x lb/454.6 g = 3.45 lb/hr CO
3.45 lb/hr CO x 500 hr/yr x 1 ton/2,000 lb = 0.86 TPY CO
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Table 2-23: Fire Pump HAPs Emission Estimates
Pollutant
Acetaldehyde
Acenaphthylene
Acrolein
Anthracene
Benzene
Benzo(a)anthracene
Benzo(a)pyrene
1,3-Butadiene
Chrysene
Fluoranthene
Formaldehyde
Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene
Phenanthrene
Propylene
Naphthalene
Toluene
Xylene
Emission
Factor
(lb/MMBtu) a
(MMBtu/hr)
7.67E-04
1.42E-06
9.25E-05
1.87E-06
9.33E-04
1.68E-06
1.88E-07
3.91E-05
3.53E-07
7.61E-06
1.18E-03
3.75E-07
2.94E-05
2.58E-03
8.48E-05
4.09E-04
2.85E-04
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
Activity Factor
Based on information provided in EPA's AP-42, Table 3.3-2.
Based on 500 hr/yr.
(MMBtu/yr)b
2,135
2,135
2,135
2,135
2,135
2,135
2,135
2,135
2,135
2,135
2,135
2,135
2,135
2,135
2,135
2,135
2,135
TOTAL HAP
Emissions
(lb/hr)
(TPY)
3.28E-03
6.06E-06
3.95E-04
7.99E-06
3.98E-03
7.17E-06
8.03E-07
1.67E-04
1.51E-06
3.25E-05
5.04E-03
1.60E-06
1.26E-04
1.10E-02
3.62E-04
1.75E-03
1.22E-03
0.027
8.19E-04
1.52E-06
9.88E-05
2.00E-06
9.96E-04
1.79E-06
2.01E-07
4.17E-05
3.77E-07
8.12E-06
1.26E-03
4.00E-07
3.14E-05
2.75E-03
9.05E-05
4.37E-04
3.04E-04
0.0068
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Table 2-24. Summary of Particulate Emissions from Silo Bagfilters
Emission Source
Loading Rate
(TPH)
(TPY)
Ash Silo
--
--
Lime Silo (Wastewater Treatment)
25
500
Lime Silo (Dry Sorbent Injection)
219
880
Bin Vent Filter

Gas Flow
Rate
Emission Rate
8,040
2,458 scfm
0.01 gr/dscf
0.21
0.847
20
2,458 scfm
0.01 gr/dscf
0.21
0.002
4.0
2,458 scfm
0.01 gr/dscf
0.21
0.00042
0.63
0.849
Loading Time
(hr/yr)
a
Total Particulate Emissions =

a
Based on 52 lb/hr of lime to the boiler and 8,040 hr/yr for boiler operation.
Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\2\Table 2-24 Material Silos.xlsx
PM/PM10/PM2.5
Hourly
Annual
Emissions
Emissions
(lb/hr)
(TPY)
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Table 2-25. Estimation of Truck Traffic

Maximum Heat Input
from Biomass a
(MMBtu/yr)
Fuel
Sugarcane Bagasse
Sorghum Bagasse
Wood
TRUCK TRAFFIC
1,843,140
1,843,140
368,628
Activity Factor
Trucks/yearb
Sugarcane
Annual Sugarcane Harvested
750,000 TPY
30,000
750,000 TPY
30,000
Wood
Annual Wood Deliveries
43,368 TPY
1,735
Ashc
Annual Ash Generation
13,828 TPY
553
36,000,000 Gallons/yr
4,000
1,620,000 Gallons/yr
180
1,380 TPY
55
Sorghuma
Annual Sorghum Harvested
a
Ethanol
Annual Final Product
Denaturant/Gasoline Deliveries
Annual Denaturant/Gasoline
Limed
Annual Lime Deliveries
a
Refer to Table 2-2.
Based on 25 tons per truck load capacity or 9,000 gallons per truck.
Total future ash is based on 9% ash in wood, 1.5% ash in sugarcane bagasse, and 2.7% ash
in sorghum bagasse. Worst case is therefore burning 30% wood with remainder bagasse.
d
Total includes dry sorbent injection reagent and wastewater treatment lime (see Table 2-24).
Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\2\Table 2-25 Truck traffic.xlsx
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Table 2-26: VOC Emission Estimates for Fugitive Equipment Leaks, HEF Ethanol Process
Uncontrolled Emissionsd
Control
Efficiency
Controlled Emissionsd
Emission Factors
Weighted Average
(kg/hr/source)a
VOC Content (%)b
(lb/hr)
(TPY)
(%)c
(lb/hr)
(TPY)
Component Type
Service
Component
Count
Valves
Gas/Vapor
25
0.00597
100
0.33
1.44
87
0.043
0.187
Valves
Light Liquid
200
0.00403
96
1.70
7.46
84
0.272
1.193
Valves
Heavy Liquid
100
0.00023
0.0025
0.0111
0.0025
0.0111
Sealless Valves
Light Liquid
200
4.90E-07
96
0.00021
0.00091
84
0.00003
0.00015
Sealless Valves
Heavy Liquid
100
Pump Seals
Light Liquid
0.0199
96
69
Pump Seals
Heavy Liquid
0.00862
Pump Seals, Dual Mech.
Light Liquid
50
0.0199
96
2.101
9.204
69
0.651
2.853
Pump Seals, Dual Mech.
Heavy Liquid
10
0.00862
Agitator Seals
Light Liquid
10
0.0199
96
0.42
1.84
69
0.13
0.57
Agitator Seals
Heavy Liquid
10
0.00862
0.0095
0.0415
0.009
0.042
Compressor Seals
Gas/Vapor
0.228
100
Pressure Relief Valves
Gas/Vapor
0.104
100
Connectors
All
1250
0.00183
30
1.51
6.61
93
0.11
0.46
Open-Ended Lines
All
60
0.0017
30
0.067
0.295
0.067
0.295
Sampling Connections
All
20
0.015
30
0.20
0.87
0.198
0.867
6.35
27.81
Total VOCs
1.49
6.52
Total HAPse
0.074
0.33
Emission factors are based on Protocol for Equipment Leak Emission Estimates , EPA-453/R-95-017, November 1995. Table 2-1 for SOCMI Average Emission
Factors, or Table 2-11 for Default-Zero Values.
For components in heavy liquid service, weighted average VOC content estimated at 5 perecent.
For components in light liquid service, weighted average VOC content estimated at 96 percent.
For components in liquid service, weighted average VOC content estimated at 30 perecent.
Control Efficiency for LDAR program for each component is based on Table 5-2 of Protocol for Equipment Leak Emission Estimates , EPA-453/R-95-017, November 1995.
Emissions were calculated assuming 8,760 hours of operation. Example Calculations are shown below:
Uncontrolled for Gas/Vapor Valve:
Short term emissions - 25 sources x 0.00597 kg/hr/source x 2.2 lb/kg x (% VOC content / 100)= 0.33 lb/hr
Annual - 0.33 lb/hr x 8,760 hr/yr / 2,000 lb/ton = 1.44 TPY
Controlled for Gas/Vapor Valve:
Short term emissions - 0.33 lb/hr x (1-(87/100)) = 0.043 lb/hr
Annual - 0.043 lb/hr x 8,760 hr/yr / 2,000 lb/ton = 0.19 TPY
HAP emissions are conservatively estimated to be 5% of VOC emissions.
Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\2\Table 2-26 Fug VOC Equip Leaks.xlsx
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Table 2-27: Emission Summary, Highlands EnviroFuels

Source
Description
Pollutant Emission Rate (TPY)

SO2
NOx
CO
PM
PM10
PM2.5
VOC
TRS
SAM
Mercury
Lead
Fluoride
Non-Biogenic CO2eb
200.4
---0.0090
--0.0057
0.00063
--
184.3
---1.04
--7.95
0.89
--
552.9
---5.64
--0.43
0.86
--
27.6
14.2
-0.37
0.052
--0.038
0.049
0.85
27.6
3.4
-0.19
0.052
--0.038
0.049
0.85
18.0
0.7
-0.19
0.052
--0.038
0.049
0.85
31.3
-79.5
-2.13
3.9
6.5
0.16
0.10
--
-----------
9.8
----------
0.025
----------
0.18
----------
1.1
----------
8,023.0
---2,429.0
------
200.4
194.2
559.8
43.2
32.2
19.8
123.6
--
9.8
0.0
0.2
1.1
10,452.0
Future Potential Emissions From Affected Sources a

Biomass Boiler
Boiler Materials Handling, Storage, and Truck Traffic
Ethanol Process
Cooling Tower
Truck Load Out Flare
Facility Tanks
Facility Fugitive Equipment Leaks
Emergency Generator
Emergency Fire Pump Engine
Ash and Lime/Limestone Silos
TOTAL PROPOSED PROJECT EMISSIONS
a
b
Refer to Tables 2-4 through 2-29, Appendix C and Appendix D for emission calculations.
Greenhouse gases expressed as non-biogenic CO2 equivalents, see Table 2-28.
Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\2\Table 2-27, 2-28 Emissions sum.xlsx
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Table 2-28: Total Facility Potential HAPs Emissions

HAP Emission Ratea
(lb/hr)
(TPY)
Source
Description
Biomass Boiler
Ethanol Process
Facility Tanks
Emergency Generator
TOTAL
55.3
1.05
0.34
0.024
0.074
0.083
0.027
56.9
18.3
3.85
0.22
0.094
0.33
0.021
0.0068
22.8
Refer to Tables 2-4 through 2-29, Appendix C, and Appendix D for emission calculations.
Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\2\Table 2-27, 2-28 Emissions sum.xlsx
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Table 2-29. Potential Direct GHG Emissions, Highlands EnviroFuels

Potential Annual GHG Emissions
CO2
Allowable
E.U.
Fuel Heating value
Fuels
Operation
Fuel Use
Factor
Emissions
a
(kg/MMBtu)
(hrs)
N2O
Emissions
Factor
a
(kg/MMBtu)
(tons)
CH4
(tons)
Emissions
Factor
CO2e tons
(kg/MMBtu)
(tons)
CO2e tons
Total CO2
Equivalent
Non-Biogenic
h
CO2 Equivalent
(tons)
(tons)
Biomass Boiler
Bagasse Only Scenario
Sugarcane Bagasse
Sorghum Bagasse
3,900 Btu/lb, wet

3,900 Btu/lb, wet
4,020
4,020
236,300 TPY, wet

236,300 TPY, wet
NA
NA
Subtotal
10% Wood Scenario
Sugarcane Bagasse
3,900 Btu/lb, wet
2,814
212,670 TPY, wet
NA
199,280
203,291
4,011
17.1
5,291
130.1
2,731
406,582
8,023
7.68
2,381
3.20E-02
58.5
1,229
182,962
3,610
3.20E-02
58.5
1,229
182,962
3,610
3.20E-02
13.0
273
37,376
802
130.1
2,731
403,300
8,023
5,291
5.63
1,744
3.20E-02
42.9
900
134,026
2,645
3.20E-02
42.9
900
134,026
2,645
1.00E-03
1.15
24
76,617
60
36,574
1,021 MMscf/yr
1,366
17.1
93.80
2,412
65.0
43,368 TPY, wet
0.00102 MMBtu/scf
3.20E-02
529
2,412
Natural Gas
4,011
2,646
1.71
4,250 Btu/lb, wet
155,788 TPY, wet
203,291
8.53
4.20E-03
Wood
2,814
2,381
179,352
3,900 Btu/lb, wet
1,366
7.68
NA
Sorghum Bagasse
65.0
4.20E-03
212,670 TPY, wet
155,788 TPY, wet
3.20E-02
2,814
2,814
3,900 Btu/lb, wet
3,900 Btu/lb, wet
4.20E-03
2,646
8.53
179,352
Sorghum Bagasse
Sugarcane Bagasse
4.20E-03
398,559
Subtotal
30% Natural Gas Scenario
199,280
4.20E-03
395,277
131,381
NA
131,381
4.20E-03
5.63
1,744
66.83
76,558
1.00E-04
0.11
36
NA
4.20E-03
Subtotal
339,320
11.4
3,524
86.9
1,825
344,669
5,349
Worst-Case Subtotal Boiler =
398,559
17.1
5,291
130.1
2,731
406,582
8,023
0.020
6.3
3.00E-03
0.10
2.1
2,310
2,310
0.00018
0.020
0.1
6.3
1.00E-03
0.0018
0.10
0.04
2.2
119
2,429
119
2,429
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
122,096
2,880
124,976
0
0
0
17
5,298
130
2,733
533,987
10,451
Flares
Truck Loadout - flaring
Truck Loadout - pilot
Ethanol/Gasoline
Natural Gas
0.130 MMBtu/gal
0.00102 MMBtu/scf
3,120
8,760
9.8 MMBtu/hr
0.184 MMBtu/hr
68.44
66.83
Subtotal Flares =
2,302
118
2,420
6.00E-04
1.00E-04
CO2 g
Ethanol Process CO2 Scrubbing Columns
Fermentation
Distillation
Vapors
Vapors
---
7,296
7,296
lb/hr
33,469
790
Subtotal Ethanol Process =
Totals
tons
122,096
2,880
124,976
NA
NA
525,956
Note: tonnes = metric tons.

a
b
Emission factors based on default values found in tables C-1 and C-2 of 40 CFR 98 Subpart C.
N2O is multiplied by a factor of 310 to determine CO 2 equivalence.
CH4 is multiplied by a factor of 21 to determine CO 2 equivalence.
CO2 emissions from biomass based on fuel carbon content and annual fuel usage to estimate CO 2 emissions (Equation C-3 of 40 CFR 98 Subpart C).
Biomass: CO2 (tons) = (44/12) x Fuel Use (short tons) x Carbon Content (percent by weight, expressed as a decimal fraction) x 0.91.
Carbon content of 23.0 % (at 50% moisture) for bagasse.
Emissions based on fuel use, site specific fuel heat content, and default emission factor. Example calculation:
Emissions (tons) = Fuel Use (short tons) x HHV (average of fuel high heat value) x EF (Default emission factor for CH 4 or N2O from 40 CFR 98, Table C-2) x 0.001 (tonnes/kg)
Emissions based on: fuel use x emission factor x hours of operation.
CO2 emissions based on design data.
CO2 emissions are excluded from biomass combustion.
x (2205 lb/tonne / 2000 lb/ton).
Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\2\Table 2-29 GHG Emissions.xlsx
NA
NA
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Table 2-30: Stack Parameters for Project Sources

Physical Data
Height
Diameter
(ft)
(m)
Temperature
(F)
(K)
Operating Data
Flow Rate
(acfm)
Velocity
(ft/s)
(m/s)
Project Source
(ft)
(m)
Biomass Boiler
150
45.72
14
4.3
340
444
204,080
22.1
6.7
Cooling Tower 1 - Machine
35
10.7
33
10.1
77
298
211,860
4.1
1.3
--
5.2
1.6
30
9.1
1.0
0.3
1,832
1,273
Ash Silo
35
10.7
1.5
0.5
77
298
--
23.6
7.2
Lime Silo 1
35
10.7
1.5
0.5
77
298
--
23.6
7.2
Lime Silo 2
CO2 Scrubber
35
10.7
1.5
0.5
77
298
--
23.6
7.2
--
--
--
--
--
--
4,566
--
--
Distillation Vent Scrubber
--
--
--
--
--
--
120
--
--
Default temperature used in AERMOD for flare modeling.
Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\2\Table 2-30 Stack parameters.xlsx
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TABLE 3-1
3
NATIONAL AND STATE AAQS, ALLOWABLE PSD INCREMENTS, AND SIGNIFICANT IMPACT LEVELS (g/m )
Pollutant
c
Particulate Matter
PM10
National AAQS
Primary
Secondary
Standard
Standard
Averaging Time
Florida
a
AAQS
PSD Increments
Significant
b
Impact Levels
Class I
Class II
Class I
Class II
Annual Arithmetic Mean

24-Hour Maximum
50
150
50
150
50
150
4
8
17
30
0.2
0.3
1
5

24-Hour Maximum
15
35
15
35
NA
NA
NA
NA
4
9
0.06
0.07
0.3
1.2

24-Hour Maximum
3-Hour Maximum
NA
NA
NA
1-Hour Maximumd
196
NA
NA
1,300
NA
60
260
1,300
NA
2
5
25
NA
20
91
512
NA
0.1
0.2
1.0
NA
1
5
25
h
7.9
Carbon Monoxide
8-Hour Maximum
1-Hour Maximum
10,000
40,000
10,000
40,000
10,000
40,000
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
500
2,000
Nitrogen Dioxide

e
1-Hour Maximum
100
188
100
NA
100
NA
2.5
NA
25
NA
0.1
NA
1
h
7.6
Ozone
1-Hour Maximum
g
8-Hour Maximum
235
147
235
147
235
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Lead
Calendar Quarter
Arithmetic Mean
3-Month Average
1.5
1.5
1.5
NA
NA
NA
NA
0.15
0.15
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
PM2.5
Sulfur Dioxide
Note:
NA = Not applicable, i.e., no standard exists.

Particulate matter (PM10) = particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 10 micrometers.
Particulate matter (PM2.5) = particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 2.5 micrometers.
a
Short-term maximum concentrations are not to be exceeded more than once per year, except for PM10 and O3 AAQS, which are based on expected exceedances.
b
Maximum concentrations are not to be exceeded.
c
On October 17, 2006, EPA promulgated revised PM10 and PM2.5 AAQS. The PM2.5 AAQS had been promulgated on July 18, 1997. For PM10, the annual standard was revoked and the 24hour standard was retained. The 24-hour PM2.5 standard was revised to 35 g/m3 based on the 3-year averages of the 98th percentile values. The annual PM2.5 standard of 15 g/m3, based
on 3-year averages at community monitors, was retained. FDEP has not yet adopted the revised standards, which must be implemented in the 2009-2010 timeframe.
d
The 1-hour SO2 standard is met when the 3-year average of the 99th percentile of the daily 1-hour maximum values is less than 196 g/m3.
e
The 1-hour NO2 standard is met when the 3-year average of the 98th percentile of the daily 1-hour maximum values is less than 188 g/m3.
f
On March 27, 2008, EPA promulgated revised AAQS for ozone. The O3 standard was modified to be 0.075 ppm (147 g/m3) for the 8-hour average; achieved when the 3-year average of 99th
percentile values is 0.075 ppm or less. FDEP has not yet adopted the revised standards.
g
0.12 ppm; achieved when the expected number of days per year with concentrations above the standard is fewer than 1.
h
For NO2 and SO2 1-hour averaging periods, an interim Class II significant impact level is shown.
Sources: 40 CFR 50; 40 CFR 52.21, Florida Chapter 62.204, F.A.C.
C:\Users\nvaseen\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\Temporary Internet Files\Content.Outlook\9V2HNS7H\Table 3-1.docx
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TABLE 3-2
PSD SIGNIFICANT EMISSION RATES AND DE MINIMIS MONITORING
CONCENTRATIONS
Pollutant
Sulfur Dioxide
Particulate Matter [PM(TSP)]
Particulate Matter (PM10)
Particulate Matter (PM2.5)
Nitrogen Dioxide
Carbon Monoxide
Volatile Organic
Compounds (Ozone)
Lead
Sulfuric Acid Mist
Total Fluorides
Total Reduced Sulfur
Reduced Sulfur Compounds
Hydrogen Sulfide
Mercury
MWC Organics (dioxin/furan)
MWC Metals (as PM)
MWC Acid Gases (SO2+HCl)
MSW Landfill Gases (as NMOC)
Greenhouse Gases (as CO2e)
Significant
Emission
Rate
(TPY)
De Minimis
Monitoring
Concentrationa
(g/m3)
40
25
15
10, or
40 of SO2,
or
40 of NOx
13, 24-hour
NA
10, 24-hour
NA
14, annual
40
100
575, 8-hour
40
0.6
7
3
10
10
10
0.1
3.5x10-6
15
40
50
75,000
100 TPYb
0.1, 3-month
NM
0.25, 24-hour
10, 1-hour
10, 1-hour
0.2, 1-hour
0.25, 24-hour
NM
NM
NM
NM
NA
Note: Ambient monitoring requirements for any pollutant may be exempted if the impact of the
increase in emissions is less than de minimis monitoring concentrations.
Note:
NA =
NM =
3
g/m =
MWC =
MSW =
NMOC =
CO2e =
a
b
Not applicable.
No ambient measurement method established; therefore, no de minimis
concentration has been established.
micrograms per cubic meter.
Municipal waste combustor.
Municipal solid waste.
Non-methane organic compounds
Carbon dioxide equivalents
Short-term concentrations are not to be exceeded.

No de minimis concentration; an increase in VOC emissions of 100 TPY or more will require a
monitoring analysis for ozone.
Sources:
40 CFR 52.21.
Rule 62-212.400, F.A.C.
Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\3\Table
3-2.docx
May 2011
103-87668
Table 3-3: PSD Applicability Analysis

Source
Pollutant Emission Rate (TPY)

SO2
NOx
CO
PM
PM10
PM2.5
VOC
TRS
SAM
Mercury
Lead
Fluoride
Non-Biogenic CO2eb
Biomass Boiler
Boiler Materials Handling, Storage, and Truck Traffic
Ethanol Process
Cooling Tower
Facility Tanks
Emergency Generator
Ash and Lime/Limestone Silos
200.4
---0.0090
--0.0057
0.00063
--
184.3
---1.04
--7.95
0.89
--
552.9
---5.64
--0.43
0.86
--
27.6
7.9
-0.37
0.052
--0.038
0.049
0.85
27.6
1.8
-0.19
0.052
--0.038
0.049
0.85
18.0
0.3
-0.19
0.052
--0.038
0.049
0.85
31.3
-79.5
-2.13
3.9
6.5
0.16
0.10
--
-----------
9.8
----------
0.025
----------
0.18
----------
1.1
----------
8,023.0
---2,429.0
------
Total Potential Emission Rates

TOTAL CHANGE DUE TO PROPOSED PROJECT
200.4
194.2
559.8
36.9
30.6
19.5
123.6
0.0
9.8
0.025
0.2
1.1
10,452.0
40
40
100
25
15
10
40
10
0.10
0.6
100,000
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
No
No
No
No
Description
Future Potential Emissions From Affected Sources a
PSD SIGNIFICANT EMISSION RATE
PSD REVIEW TRIGGERED?
a
b
Refer to Table 2-27.

Greenhouse gases expressed as non-biogenic CO2 equivalents, see Table 2-29.
Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\3\Table 3-3.xlsx
May 2011
103-87668
Table 4-1
Maximum Predicted Impacts for HEF Project Only
Compared to EPA De Minimis Concentration Levels
De Minimis
Pollutant
Averaging
Time
Maximum Concentration
(g/m3)
Concentration
(g/m3)
SO2
24-Hour
8.1
13
NO2
Annual
0.6
14
CO
8-Hour
297.0
575
PM2.5
24-Hour
23.4
PM10
24-Hour
33.7
10
O3
NA
123.6a
100a
Values shown are for VOCs, in TPY. No de minimis concentration for ozone. An increase
in emissions of 100 TPY or more requires a monitoring analysis for ozone.
Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\4\Table 4-1.xlsx
May 2011
103-87668
Table 4-2: Summary of Measured PM10/PM2.5 Concentrations for Monitors near HEF, 2008 to 2010
Distance
to HEF
(km)
Measurement Period
Year
Months
Highest
NA
150 g/m
NA
NA
50 g/m
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
74
40
64
60
39
59
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
20.0
18.4
18.8
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
65
44
62
52
41
47
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
19.0
17.8
16.0
NA
NA
NA
35 g/m
15 g/m
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
29.1
19.9
15.0
19.0
18.6
13.9
17.1
13.8
12.0
18.0
16.4
14.7
6.53
6.05
6.35
2008
2009
2010
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
20.2
20.4
18.3
19.0
19.6
15.8
16.1
17.2
14.6
20.9
20.2
16.2
8.58
7.62
8.14
111
2008
2009
2010
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
19.4
20.2
15.7
17.2
13.4
15.5
17.6
13.4
15.3
18.1
16.5
15.3
8.66
7.24
7.71
85
2008
2009
2010
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
20.2
17.2
21.5
16.2
15.7
14.0
16.2
13.0
12.8
17.4
14.6
12.9
7.44
6.52
6.97
Location
PM10 a
Florida AAQS:
12-115-1006
Sarasota
114
2008
2009
2010
12-115-2006
Mulberry
97
2008
2009
2010
PM2.5 a
Florida AAQS:
12-099-0008
Belle Glade
86
2008
2009
2010
12-057-3002
Plant City
121
12-105-6006
Lakeland
12-071-0005
Fort Myers Beach
NA = not applicable.
AAQS = ambient air quality standard.
On October 17, 2006, EPA promulgated revised PM 10 and PM2.5 AAQS. The PM2.5 AAQS had been promulgated on July 18, 1997. For PM 10,
the annual standard was revoked and the 24-hour standard was retained. The 24-hour PM 2.5 standard was revised to 35 g/m 3 based on the
3-year averages of the 98th percentile values. The annual PM 2.5 standard of 15 g/m 3, based on 3-year averages at community monitors,
was retained. FDEP has not yet adopted the revised standards.
Source: State of Florida Air Quality Quicklook Reports 2008-2010.
Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\4\Table 4-2 - 4-5.xlsx
Annual
2nd
Highest
Site No.
Note:
Concentration (g/m3)
24-Hour
98th
3 Year Avg. 98th
Percentile
Percentile
Average
May 2011
103-87668
Table 4-3: Summary of Maximum Measured SO2 Concentrations near HEF, 2008 to 2010
3
Site No.
Location
Distance
to HEF
(km)
Measurement Period
Year
Months
Concentration (g/m )
3-Hour
3 Year Avg. 99th
2nd
Percentile
Highest Highest
Highest
2nd
Highest
1-Hour
99th
Percentile
24-Hour
2nd
Highest Highest
Annual
NA
NA
NA
196.5
NA
1,300
NA
365
60
Average
Sulfur Dioxide
Florida AAQS:
12-095-2002
Winter Park
154
2008
2009
2010
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
31.4
28.8
26.2
26.2
26.2
23.5
--18.3
--18.3
23.5
23.5
--
18.3
15.7
--
5.2
7.8
8.4
5.2
5.2
5.8
2.6
2.6
0.4
12-057-3002
Plant City
121
2008
2009
2010
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
143.8
47.1
70.6
73.2
44.5
44.5
--39.2
--39.2
52.3
26.2
--
39.2
26.2
--
13.1
10.5
9.4
10.5
7.8
8.6
2.6
1.6
1.8
Note:
May 2011
103-87668
Table 4-4: Summary of Maximum Measured O3 Concentrations in Vicinity of HEF, 2008 to 2010
Site No.
Location
Ozone a
Florida AAQS:
12-055-0003
Sebring
Note:
Distance
to HEF
(km)
Measurement Period
Year
Months
2008
2009
2010
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
1-Hour
8-Hour
2nd
2nd
3-year Average
Highest
Highest
Highest Highest
4th Highest
NA
235
NA
NA
147
153.0
156.9
125.5
151.0
153.0
121.6
135.4
135.4
107.9
135.4
127.5
105.9
127.5
125.5
113.8
On March 27, 2008, EPA promulgated revised AAQS for ozone. The O3 standard was modified to be 0.075 ppm (147 g/m 3)
for the 8-hour average; achieved when the 3-year average of 99th percentile values is 0.075 ppm or less. FDEP has not yet
adopted the revised standards.
May 2011
103-87668
Table 4-5: Summary of Maximum Measured NO2 Concentrations near HEF, 2008 to 2010
Site No.
Location
Nitrogen Dioxide
Florida AAQS:
121-151-1006
Sarasota
Note:
Distance
to HEF
(km)
114
Measurement Period
Year
Months
2008
2009
2010
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
1-Hour
98th
3 Year Avg. 98th
Percentile
Percentile
Annual
Highest
2nd
Highest
NA
NA
NA
189a
100
58.3
52.6
56.4
56.4
50.8
48.9
--45.1
--45.1
5.6
6.6
7.5
Average
May 2011
103-87668
Table 5-1: BACT Determinations for PM/PM 10/PM2.5 Emissions from Biomass-Fired Electric Utility and Industrial Boilers
Company
State
RBLC ID /
Permit
Permit Number
Date
BAGASSE
Southeast Renewable Fuels
FL
PSD-FL-412
U.S. Sugar Corp. - Clewiston - Boiler No. 8

New Hope Power Partnership - Boilers A, B, C
FL
FL
PSD-FL-333Bb
PSD-FL-196(P)b

Atlantic Sugar Association - Boiler No. 5
FL
FL
ALL OTHER BIOMASS

Georgia Power Co.
NRG Energy
Sappi Fine Paper PLC
Emission Limits
As Provided in
Throughput
Pollutant
RACT/BACT/LAER Clearinghouse
Removal
Efficiency
Converted to
lb/MMBtua
Control Equipment Description
12/22/2010
488 MMBtu/hr
PM/PM10
0.015 lb/MMBtu
0.015
Wet Cyclone & ESP
4/7/2006
936 MMBtu/hr
PM
0.025 lb/MMBtu
0.025
Wet Cyclone & ESP
99
FL-0257
PSD-FL-078Bb
6/6/2005
11/21/2003
7/1/2002
760 MMBtu/hr
936 MMBtu/hr
255.3 MMBtu/hr
PM
PM
PM
0.026 lb/MMBtu
0.026 lb/MMBtu
0.15 lb/MMBtu
0.026
0.026
0.150
Cyclones & ESPs

Wet Cyclone & ESP
-99
Wet Scrubber
--
GA
GA-0140
12/3/2010
328 MMBtu/hr
PM10
CT
MN
CT-0156
MN-0078
4/6/2010
10/28/2009
600 MMBtu/hr
430 MMBtu/hr
PM
PM2.5
Aspen Power LLC

Loblolly Green Power
TX
SC
TX-0555
1780-0051CA
10/26/2009
9/3/2009
693 MMBtu/hr
675 MMBtu/hr
PM
PM/PM10
Koda Energy Boilers Nos. 1 and 3

Simpson Paper Company
Sierra Pacific Industries - Skagit Co. Lumber Mill
MN
WA
WA
MN-0074
WA-0335
WA-0327c
8/23/2007
5/22/2007
1/25/2006
308 MMBtu/hr
595 MMBtu/hr
430 MMBtu/hr
PM
PM10
PM10
Darrington Energy LLC

Temple Inland Inc. - Rome
WA
GA
WA-0329
GA-0114
2/11/2005
10/13/2004
403 MMBtu/hr
856 MMBtu/hr
PM10
PM10
792 MMBtu/hr
PM10
0.02 lb/MMBtu (30-day avg)
0.020
PM
PM
PM
PM10
0.02
171
0.03
8
0.020
0.030
0.030
0.026
ESP
0.01
ESP
Powerminn 9090 LLC
MN
MN-0057
10/23/2002
Sierra Pacific Industries - Aberdeen Div.

S.D. Warren Co. - Boiler No. 2
District Energy St. Paul Inc.
Trigen Biopower
WA
ME
MN
GA
WA-0298
ME-0021
MN-0046
GA-0117
10/17/2002
11/27/2001
11/15/2001
5/24/2001
NON-BACT LIMITS
FBEnergy
FL
0810226-001-AC
6/8/2010
833 MMBtu/hr
PM/PM10
Burlington Electric Department
VT
AOP-07-020
4/21/2008
750 MMBtu/hr
PM

Biomass Energy
VT
OH
AOP-07-020
OH-0307
4/21/2008
4/4/2006
750 MMBtu/hr
318 MMBtu/hr
PM
PM10
FLUIDIZED BED BOILERS

We Energies
WI
10-SDD-058
3/28/2011
800 MMBtu/hr
Greenhunter Energy
Gainesville Renewable Energy Center
Laidlaw Berlin Biopower, LLC
Highlands Ethanol
CA
FL
NH
FL
1732D-1
PSD-FL-411
NH-0018
PSD-FL-406
7/20/2010
12/28/2010
7/26/2010
3/22/2010
PM10/PM2.5
PM10/PM2.5
PM/PM10
PM/PM10/PM2.5
PM/PM10
Lindale Renewable Energy LLC

ADAGE Hamilton LLC
TX
FL
TX-0553
0470016-001-AC
1/8/2010
1/15/2010
657 MMBtu/hr
800 MMBtu/hr
PM
PM/PM10
Public Service of New Hampshire - Schiller Station
NH
NH-0013
10/25/2004
720 MMBtu/hr
PM10
310
1,300
550
302.2
180
1,358
1,013
218
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
0.040
ESP & Multiclone
--
0.026 lb/MMBtu
13.5 lb/hr
0.04 lb/MMBtu (3-hour avg)
0.026
0.031
Dry ESP
ESP & Multiclone
95
99
0.012 lb/MMBtu (30-day rolling avg)

0.029 lb/MMBtu
0.012
0.029
ESP
ESP
--
0.03 lb/MMBtu
0.02 lb/MMBtu
0.02 lb/MMBtu (24-hr avg)
0.030
0.020
0.020
Cyclone and ESP

ESP
ESP
-99
99

0.025 lb/MMBtu
0.020
0.025
Dry ESP
ESP
Fabric Filter
---
lb/MMBtu (24-hr avg)

TPY
lb/MMBtu
lb/hr
0.01 lb/MMBtu
9.7 lb/hr
b
c
This information obtained from actual PSD permit, not Clearinghouse.

From the draft BACT determination.
Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\5\Table 5-1,3,7,9,10,12 BACT.xlsx
-99
99
--
0.013
Mechanical Dust Collectors & ESP
--
0.020
0.012
Mechanical Dust Collectors & ESP

Pulse Jet Baghouse
---
0.024
0.010
0.015
0.010
0.01
Fabric Filter
Fabric Filter
Fabric Filter
Baghouse
Fabric Filter Baghouse
------

22.0 lb/hr
0.020
0.028
ESP
-99.9
0.029 lb/MMBtu
0.025 lb/MMBtu
0.029
0.025
0.030

Fabric Filter
NSPS Limit; Fabric Filter
99.9
99
99
0.02 lb/MMBtu
3.97 lb/hr
0.024
0.01
0.015
0.01
0.01
lb/MMBtu
lb/MMBtu
lb/MMBtu
lb/MMBtu
lb/MMBtu
Reference: RACT/BACT/LAER Clearinghouse on EPA's Webpage, May 2011. Based on utility and large industrial-size boilers/furnaces greater than 250 MMBtu/hr firing biomass.
Notes:
a
To convert from lb/hr, the emission limit was divided by the throughput rate. To convert from TPY, 8,760 hr/yr operation is assumed.
Mechanical Dust Collector & ESP

Cyclone & ESP
ESP & Wet Scrubber
99
May 2011
103-87668
Table 5-2: PM/PM10 Control Technology Feasibility Analysis for HEF Cogeneration Boiler
Estimated
Efficiency
Feasible and
Demonstrated?
(Y/N)
Rank Based on
Control
Efficiency
Employed by
HEF Boiler?
(Y/N)
NA
< 10%
< 10%
10 - 20%
20 - 30%
60 - 90%
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
6
6
5
4
3
N
N
N
N
Y
PM Abatement Method
Technique Now Available
Fuel Techniques
Fuel Substitution
Pretreatment
Settling Chambers
Elutriators
Momentum Separators
Mechanically-Aided Separators
Cyclones
Electrostatic Precipitators (ESP)
Dry ESP
Wet ESP
Wire-Plate ESP
Wire-Pipe ESP
>97%
>97%
>97%
>97%
Y
Y
Y
Y
1
1
1
1
Y
N
N
N
Fabric Filters
Shaker-Cleaned
>97%
Reverse-Air
>97%
Pulse-Jet
>97%
50 - 95 %
50 - 95 %
50 - 95 %
50 - 95 %
50 - 95 %
50 - 95 %
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
2
2
2
2
2
2
N
N
N
N
N
N
Wet Scrubbers
Spray Chambers
Packed-Bed
Impingement Plate
Venturi
Orifice
Condensation
Note: NTF = Not Technically Feasible.

a
Technically feasible for fluidized bed boiler only.
Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\5\Table 5-2,4,8,11,13 BACT Feas.xlsx
a
a
May 2011
103-87668
Table 5-3: BACT Determinations for NOx Emissions from Biomass-Fired Electric Utility and Industrial Boilers
Emission Limits
As Provided in
Permit
Company
State
RBLC ID
BAGASSE
FL
FL

FL
FL
FL
PSD-FL-412
PSD-FL-389
PSD-FL-196(P)c
FL-0257
PSD-FL-078Bc
NRG Energy
CT
Boise White Paper, LLC
AL

Aspen Power LLC
Koda Energy Boiler No. 3
Archer Daniels Midland Company
TX
TX
SC
MN
WA
ND
Sierra Pacific Industries - Skagit Co Lumber Mill
WA
Fort James Operating Company, Inc.--Old Town
Date
Throughput
12/22/2010
12/6/2007
488 MMBtu/hr
738 MMBtu/hr
6/6/2005
11/21/2003
760 MMBtu/hr
936 MMBtu/hr
7/1/2002
CT-0156
AL-0250
1/8/2010
10/26/2009
9/3/2009
8/23/2007
5/22/2007
5/1/2006
ME
TX-0553
TX-0555
1780-0051CA
MN-0074
WA-0335
ND-0022
WA-0327b
A-180-71-AI-Ac
Del-Tin Fiber LLC
AR
Palm Beach Power Corporation

Powerminn 9090 LLC
0.10
0.31
0.15
0.14
Converted to
lb/MMBtua
Removal
Efficiency
lb/MMBtu
lb/MMBtu
lb/MMBtu
lb/MMBtu
0.10
0.310
SNCR or SCR
Boiler Design and Operation
70
--
0.150
0.140
SNCR, Good Combustion Practices

SNCR, Good Combustion & Operating Practices
-50
255.3 MMBtu/hr
0.16 lb/MMBtu
0.160
Good Combustion Practices
--
4/6/2010
600 MMBtu/hr
0.06 lb/MMBtu
0.060
Regenerative SCR
70
3/23/2010
435 MMBtu/hr
Low NOx burners
60

0.300
0.150
0.075
SNCR
SCR
---
0.25 lb/MMBtu
0.250
0.200
0.200
SNCR
Proper combustion control with Overfire Air
Combustion Control
--30
0.13 lb/MMBtu (Calendar Day)
0.130
0.250
SNCR
Low NOX burners, overfire air, FGR
48
0.25 lb/MMBtu
ALL OTHER BIOMASS
657
693
675
308
595
280
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
1/25/2006
430 MMBtu/hr
7/28/2004
265.2 MMBtu/hr
AR-0072
2/28/2003
291 MMBtu/hr
87.2 lb/hr
0.300
Low NOX burners & SNCR
--
FL
MN
PSD-FL-329b
MN-0057
1/16/2003
10/23/2002
760 MMBtu/hr
792 MMBtu/hr
0.15 lb/MMBtu
0.16 lb/MMBtu (30-day avg)
0.150
0.160
SNCR
SNCR
-50
NON-BACT LIMITS
We Energies
Greenhunter Energy
FBEnergy
Clean Power Berlin, LLC
Concord Steam Corporation
WI
CA
FL
NH
NH
VT
10-SDD-058
1732D-1
0810226-001-AC
NH-0016
NH-0015
AOP-07-020
3/28/2011
7/20/2010
6/8/2010
9/25/2009
2/27/2009
4/21/2008
0.010
0.014
0.018
0.065
0.065
0.230
0.193
SNCR
SCR
SCR
SCR w/ Staged Combustion
SCR
---
-95
-70
70
---
0.075 lb/MMBtu (CEMS Quarterly Avg)
0.075
Regenerative SCR
--
Biomass Energy
OH
OH-0307
4/4/2006
318 MMBtu/hr
27.98 lb/hr
0.088
SCR
80

FL
PSD-FL-411
12/28/2010
1,358 MMBtu/hr
0.070 lb/MMBtu (30-day rolling)
0.070
NH
NH-0018
7/26/2010
1013 MMBtu/hr
0.06 lb/MMBtu
0.06
SCR
SCR with Ammonia Injection
---
Highlands Ethanol
FL
PSD-FL-406
3/22/2010
218 MMBtu/hr
0.075 lb/MMBtu
0.075
SNCR
--
ADAGE Hamilton LLC
FL
0470016-001-AC
1/15/2010
800 MMBtu/hr
0.066
0.30
SCR
SCR
---
800
180
833
40.75
305
750
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
TPH Wood
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
0.10
0.014
0.018
0.065
0.065
0.23
145
lb/MMBtu (30-day rolling avg)

lb/MMBtu (12-month rolling)
lb/MMBtu
lb/MMBtu
lb/hr
53.1 lb/hr (12-month rolling average)

Notes:
a
b
c

--
May 2011
103-87668
Table 5-4: NOx Control Technology Feasibility Analysis for HEF Cogeneration Boiler
Estimated
Efficiency
Feasible and
Demonstrated?
(Y/N)
Rank Based
on Control
Efficiency
Employed by
HEF Boiler?
(Y/N)
NOx Abatement Method
1. Removal of nitrogen
Ultra-Low Nitrogen Fuel
No Data
2. Oxidation of NOx with subsequent

absorption
Inject Oxidant
60 - 80%
NTF
NTF
Non-Thermal Plasma Reactor (NTPR)
60 - 80%
NTF
NTF
3. Chemical reduction of NOx
Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR)
75%
Regenerative Selective Catalytic Reduction (RSCR)
75%
50 - 60%
EMx (SCONOX)
35 - 80%
NTF
NTF
Air Staging of Combustion
50 - 65%
Fuel Staging of Combustion
50 - 65%
Inject Steam
50 - 65%
Flue Gas Recirculation (FGR)
15 - 25%
Natural Gas Reburning (NGR)
15 - 25%
Over Fire Air (OFA)
15 - 25%
Less Excess Air (LEA)
15 - 25%
Combustion Optimization
15 - 25%
Low NOx Burners (LNB) (natural gas/fuel oil only)
15 - 25%
Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction (SNCR)

TM
4. Reducing residence time at peak

temperature
5. Reducing peak temperature
May 2011
113-87668
Table 5-5: Summary of Air Emission Control Capital and Operating Costs for HEF Bagasse Boiler
Control Option
Capital
Annual
Cost
Cost
Wet Cyclone/DSI/ESPa
6,800,000
1,180,000
Wet Cyclone/DSI/ESP/SNCRa
8,800,000
1,830,000
Wet Cyclone/DSI/ESP/SCRa,b
10,500,000
1,960,000
Wet Cyclone/DSI/ESP/SCR/Ox-Cata,b
11,900,000
2,320,000
Includes wet cyclone capital cost of $500,000 and annual cost of $80,000 per year.
Includes $600,000 capital cost and $80,000 per year annual cost for relocatoing boiler air heater.
Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\5\Table 5-5_HEF Cost Summary_Capital & Operating.xlsx
May 2011
103-87668
Table 5-6: Summary of Top-down BACT Analysis Impact Results for HEF Biomass Boiler
Economic Impacts
Control Alternative
Control
Efficiency
(%)
Controlled
Emissions
(lb/MMBtu)
70
60
0
0.075
0.10
0.25
138.2
184.3
460.8
322.5
276.5
--
3,700,000
2,000,000
--
780,000
650,000
--
2,418
2,351
--
2,821
2,351
--
84
75
0
0.070
0.109
0.435
128.3
200.4
802.0
673.7
601.6
--
8,000,000
6,800,000
--
1,700,000
1,180,000
--
2,523
1,961
--
7,214
60/40
25
0
0.12+0.01
0.225+0.013
0.30+0.017
239.6
438.2
584.3
344.7
146.1
--
1,400,000
3,100,000
--
360,000
500,000
--
1,044
3,423
--
(705)
3,423
--
377.8
622.5
768.6
1,045.1
667.2
422.5
276.5
--
5,100,000
5,100,000
2,000,000
--
1,140,000
1,150,000
650,000
--
1,709
2,722
2,351
--
(41)
3,423
2,351
--
Maximum
Emissions
(TPY)
Emissions
Reduction
(TPY)
Installed
Total
Capital Cost Annualized
($)
Cost ($/yr)
Average Cost
Effectiveness
($/ton)
Incremental Cost
Effectiveness
($/ton)
NOx
SCR
SNCR
Uncontrolled
SO2
Lime Spray Dryer/FF
DSI/ESP
No Add-On Control
CO + VOC
Oxidation Catalyst
Advanced Over-Fire Air
Modern Over-Fire Air
NOx + CO + VOC
SCR+ Oxidation Catalyst
SNCR + Advanced Over-Fire Air
SNCR + Modern Over-Fire Air
Uncontrolled
Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\5\Table 5-6 BACT Cost Analysis Summary.xlsx
--
May 2011
103-87668
Table 5-7: BACT Determinations for SO2 Emissions from Biomass-Fired Industrial and Electric Utility Boilers
Emission Limits
As Provided in
Permit
Company
State
RBLC ID
Date
Throughput
BAGASSE
FL
488 MMBtu/hr
FL
PSD-FL-412
PSD-FL-196(P)b
12/22/2010
6/6/2005
760 MMBtu/hr
FL
FL-0257
11/21/2003
936 MMBtu/hr
0.06
0.20
0.10
0.06
0.06
lb/MMBtu (30-day rolling avg.)

lb/MMBtu (24-hr rolling avg.)
lb/MMBtu (30-day rolling avg.)
lb/MMBtu (12-month rolling avg.)
lb/MMBtu
Converted to
lb/MMBtua
0.06
0.20
0.10
0.060
0.060
%
Efficiency
Low S fuels, Dry Sorbent Injection

Low S supplemental fuel; ESP; SNCR; carbon injection
Fuel specifications: bagasse and distillate oil (<0.05 % S by wt.)
----
ALL OTHER BIOMASS

NRG Energy
CT
CT-0156
4/6/2010
600 MMBtu/hr
0.025 lb/MMBtu (3-hr avg.)
--
TX
TX-0553
1/8/2010
657 MMBtu/hr
0.025
0.025
Low sulfur fuels
--
--
Aspen Power LLC
TX
TX-0555
10/26/2009
693 MMBtu/hr
0.025
--
--

Smurfit Stone Container Corp.
Inland Paperboard and Packaging (Gaylord)
Smurfit-Stone - Stevenson
Meadwestvaco Kentucky Inc.
SC
AL
ND
LA
AL
KC
ME
9/3/2009
7/14/2006
5/1/2006
11/23/2004
9/30/2002
2/27/2002
11/27/2001
Sierra Pacific Industries

Grayling Generating Station L.P.
WA
MI
1780-0051CA
AL-0223
ND-0022
LA-0188
AL-0198
KY-0085
ME-0021
WA-0327 c
MI-0285
lb/hr (3-hr avg.)

lb/MMBtu
lb/hr
lb/MMBtu
lb/MMBtu
lb/MMBtu
lb/MMBtu (3-hr avg.)
lb/hr (24-hr avg.)
0.150
0.470
1.536
0.100
0.800
0.270
0.025
No controls feasible
Limit annual fuel oil capacity factor to <= 10%
Sodium-based wet scrubber
--------
0.021
Multicyclones, ESP, SNCR
--
NON-BACT LIMITS
Greenhunter Energy
FBEnergy
Biomass Energy
CA
FL
VT
OH
1732D-1
0810226-001-AC
AOP-07-020
OH-0307

lb/MMBtu
lb/hr
0.015
0.015
0.133
0.070
Woody Biomass, dry sorbent injection

Woody Biomass, dry sorbent injection
No controls
Spray Dryer Absorber or Dry Sodium Bicarbonate Injection System
-20

FL
NH
PSD-FL-411
NH-0018
12/28/2010
7/26/2010
1,358 MMBtu/hr
1013 MMBtu/hr
0.029
0.012
Clean Fuels (biomass) and Dry Sorbent Injection

Wood Fuel Sorbent Injection
--
Highlands Ethanol
ADAGE Hamilton LLC
Public Service of New Hampshire
FL
FL
NH
PSD-FL-406
0470016-001-AC
NH-0013
3/22/2010
1/15/2010
10/25/2004
218 MMBtu/hr
800 MMBtu/hr
720 MMBtu/hr
0.06
0.043
0.020
Bubbling fluidized bed, limestone injection

CEMS & IDSIS (lime, limestone, trona or sodium bicarbonate)
Lime injection
--70
675
620
280
787.5
620
631
1,300
1/25/2006
9/18/2001
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
430 MMBtu/hr
523 MMBtu/hr
7/20/2010
6/8/2010
4/21/2008
4/4/2006
180
833
750
318
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
93
0.47
1209.8
0.1
0.8
0.27
0.025
11.2
0.015
0.015
100
22.13

0.029 lb/MMBtu
0.012 lb/MMBtu
34.1 lb/hr (12-month avg, rolled monthly)
0.02 lb/MMBtu (24-hr avg.)
Notes:
a
To convert from lb/hr, the emission limit was divided by the throughput rate. To convert from lb/day, assumed 24 hr/day operation.
b
c

May 2011
103-87668
Table 5-8: SO2 Control Technology Feasibility Analysis for HEF Cogeneration Boiler
Estimated
Efficiency
Feasible and
Demonstrated?
(Y/N)
Rank Based
on Control
Efficiency
Employed by
HEF Boiler?
(Y/N)
50%
50%
75%
Y
Y
Y
6
6
5
N
N
Y
SO2 Abatement Method
Sorbent Injection
Sorbent Furnace Injection

Sorbent Economiser Injection
Sorbent Duct Injection
Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization
Various
50 - 98%
Spray Dryer Scrubbers
Lime or Calcium Oxide
70 - 96%
Regenerative Process
Elemental Sulphur Recovery
>95%
May 2011
103-87668
Table 5-9: BACT Determinations for SAM Emissions from Biomass-Fired Electric Utility and Industrial Boilers
Emission Limits
Converted to
As Provided in
lb/MMBtub
RACT/BACT/LAER Clear.
Removal
%
Efficiency
State
RBLC ID
Permit
Date
BAGASSE
FL
FL
PSD-FL-412
FL-0257
12/22/2010
11/21/2003
488 MMBtu/hr
936 MMBtu/hr
0.003 lb/MMBtu
0.004 a lb/MMBtu
0.003
0.004
Fuel Specifications: Bagasse and Distillate Oil (<0.05% S)

Fuel Specifications: Bagasse and Distillate Oil (<0.05% S)
--
ALL OTHER BIOMASS

Smurfit Stone Container Corp. - Stevenson Mill
Grayling Generating Station L.P.
AL
MI
AL-0223
MI-0285
7/14/2006
9/18/2001
620 MMBtu/hr
523 MMBtu/hr
13.6
0.003
lb/hr (3-hr avg.)

lb/MMBtu
0.022
0.003
No Controls Feasible
No Controls Feasible
---

FL
NH
PSD-FL-411
NH-0018
1,358 MMBtu/hr
1013 MMBtu/hr
1.4
0.002
lb/hr
lb/MMBtu
Clean Fuels (biomass) and Dry Sorbent Injection

Wood Fuel Sorbent Injection
--
Company
12/28/2010
7/26/2010
Throughput
0.0010
0.002
Notes:
a
SO2 is a surrogate for SAM. These are expected emissions limits.
b
To convert from lb/hr, the emission limit was divided by the throughput rate.
May 2011
103-87668
Table 5-10: BACT Determinations for CO Emissions from Biomass-Fired Electric Utility and Industrial Boilers
Emission Limits
RBLC
Permit
State
ID
Date
FL
FL
PSD-FL-412
PSD-FL-333Bb
FL
PSD-FL-196(P)
FL
PSD-FL-196(P)
FL
FL
FL-0257
PSD-FL-078Bb
7/1/2002
255.3 MMBtu/hr
Georgia Power Co.
GA
GA-0140
12/3/2010
328 MMBtu/hr
NRG Energy
CT
CT-0156
4/6/2010
600 MMBtu/hr
Company
As Provided in
Throughput
Removal
Converted to
lb/MMBtua
Efficiency
BAGASSE
12/22/2010
488 MMBtu/hr
0.10 lb/MMBtu, 30-day rolling avg.
0.10
4/7/2006
936 MMBtu/hr
400 ppmvd @ 7% O2
0.38
Good combustion practices; Oxidation catalyst as needed

Good Combustion & Operating Practices
--
6/6/2005
760 MMBtu/hr
0.35 lb/MMBtu (12-month rolling avg.)
0.35
--
6/6/2005
760 MMBtu/hr
0.50 lb/MMBtu (30-day rolling avg.)
0.50
--
11/21/2003
936 MMBtu/hr
0.38 lb/MMBtu (12-month rolling avg.)
0.38
--
6.50
--
0.45
Good combustion practices
--
6.5 lb/MMBtu
ALL OTHER BIOMASS

0.45 lb/MMBtu (3-hour avg)
0.026 lb/MMBtu
0.026
0.31
Oxidation Catalyst
70
--
0.075
Oxidation Catalyst
TX
TX-0553
1/8/2010
657 MMBtu/hr
SC
1780-0051CA
9/3/2009
675 MMBtu/hr
Koda Energy Boiler No. 3
MN
MN-0074
8/23/2007
308 MMBtu/hr
0.43 lb/MMBtu (30-day rolling avg.)
0.43
--
WA
WA-0335
5/22/2007
595 MMBtu/hr
0.35 lb/MMBtu
0.35
Overfire Air System
--
ND
5/1/2006
280 MMBtu/hr
0.63 lb/MMBtu
0.63
--
Sierra Pacific Industries - Skagit Co Lumber Mill
WA
ND-0022
WA-0327c
1/25/2006
430 MMBtu/hr
659 TPY
0.35
--
--
Darrington Energy LLC
WA
WA-0329
2/11/2005
403 MMBtu/hr
0.35
--
Inland Paperboard and Packaging (Gaylord)

Temple Inland Inc - Rome
LA
GA
LA-0188
GA-0114
11/23/2004
10/13/2004
787.5 MMBtu/hr
856 MMBtu/hr
Overfire Air & Good Combustion Practices

Staged Combustion & Good Combustion Practices
---
Good Equipment Design & Proper Combustion Techniques

--
0.075 lb/MMBtu

491.5 lb/hr
368 ppm @ 3% O2
0.624
--
Boise Cascade Corp - Deridder Paper Mill
LA
LA-0178
11/14/2003
454.29 MMBtu/hr
149.9 lb/hr
0.33
Del-Tin Fiber LLC
AR
AR-0072
2/28/2003
291 MMBtu/hr
228.3 lb/hr
0.785
--
Powerminn 9090 LLC
MN
MN-0057
10/23/2002
792 MMBtu/hr
0.24
--
Sierra Pacific Industries - Aberdeen Div.
WA
WA-0298
10/17/2002
310 MMBtu/hr
0.35 lb/MMBtu
0.35
--
ME
ME-0021
11/27/2001
1300 MMBtu/hr
520 lb/hr
0.40
Good Boiler Design & Combustion Practices
--
District Energy St. Paul Inc.
MN
MN-0046
11/15/2001
550 MMBtu/hr
0.3 lb/MMBtu
0.30
Trigen Biopower
GA
GA-0117
5/24/2001
302.2 MMBtu/hr
0.30
--
International Paper Company - Riegelwood Mill
NC
NC-0092
5/10/2001
600 MMBtu/hr
90.7 lb/hr
0.5 lb/MMBtu

Good Design & Combustion Practices
0.50
--
SCR
--
NON-BACT LIMITS
Greenhunter Energy
CA
1732D-1
7/20/2010
180 MMBtu/hr
0.10
FBEnergy
FL
0810226-001-AC
6/8/2010
833 MMBtu/hr
Aspen Power LLC
TX
TX-0555
10/26/2009
693 MMBtu/hr
VT
AOP-07-020
4/21/2008
750 MMBtu/hr
0.075 lb/MMBtu (12 month rolling avg)

1500 ppm
0.028
0.075
Biomass Energy
OH
OH-0307
4/4/2006
318 MMBtu/hr
31.8 lb/hr
We Energies
WI
10-SDD-058
3/28/2011
800 MMBtu/hr
0.12 lb/MMBtu
0.120
--
FL
PSD-FL-411
12/28/2010
1,358 MMBtu/hr
0.08 lb/MMBtu
0.080
--
Highlands Ethanol
ADAGE Hamilton LLC
FL
FL
PSD-FL-406
0470016-001-AC
3/22/2010
1/15/2010
218 MMBtu/hr
800 MMBtu/hr

56.0 lb/hr (12-month avg, rolled monthly)
0.10
0.070

CEMS
---
NH
NH-0013
10/25/2004
720 MMBtu/hr
0.10
--
-0.10
Oxidation Catalyst
--
--
Oxidation Catalyst
50
--
Notes:
a
b
c

May 2011
103-87668
Table 5-11: CO Control Technology Feasibility Analysis for HEF Cogeneration Boiler
CO Abatement Method
Catalytic Oxidation
Tail-End Oxidation Catalyst

Regenerative Oxidation Catalyst
Enhanced Over-Fire Air Systems
Nalco Mobotec OFA

Synterprise Ecojet

Increased Gas Residence Time
Incinerators
Thermal
Catalytic
Estimated
Efficiency
Feasible and
Demonstrated?
(Y/N)
Rank Based
on Control
Efficiency
Employed by HEF
Boiler? (Y/N)
60-80%
60-80%
Y
Y
1
1
N
N
70%
70%
Y
Y
2
2
N
N
50 - 75%
50 - 75%
50 - 75%
Y
Y
Y
3
3
3
Y
Y
Y
>80%
>80%
NTF
NTF
NTF
NTF
N
N
May 2011
103-87668
Table 5-12: BACT Determinations for VOC Emissions from Biomass-Fired Electric Utility and Industrial Boilers
Emission Limits
As Provided in
Permit
Company
Throughput
12/22/2010
488 MMBtu/hr
0.010 lb/MMBtu
FL-0257
PSD-FL-078Bb
6/6/2005
11/21/2003
7/1/2002
760 MMBtu/hr
936 MMBtu/hr
255 MMBtu/hr
0.05 lb/MMBtu
0.05 lb/MMBtu
0.25 lb/MMBtu
GA-0140
CT-0156
AL-0250
TX-0555
AR-0083
LA-0178
AR-0072
ME-0021
12/3/2010
4/6/2010
3/23/2010
10/26/2009
7/26/2005
11/14/2003
2/28/2003
11/27/2001
State
RBLC ID
BAGASSE
FL
FL
PSD-FL-412
PSD-FL-196(P)b

FL
FL
GA
CT
AL
TX
AR
LA
AR
ME
Date
Converted to
lb/MMBtua
Removal
Efficiency
0.010
Good combustion practices; Oxidation catalyst as needed
--
0.050
0.050
0.250
Clean fuels
Good combustion & Operating practices
----
0.050
0.010
0.030
0.010
0.034
0.037
0.073
0.007

Oxidation Catalyst
--
-70
60
-Good combustion practices

Good Equipment Design & Proper Combustion Techniques
Closed loop system
---95
--
ALL OTHER BIOMASS

Georgia Power Co.
NRG Energy
Boise White Paper, LLC
Aspen Power LLC
Potlatch Corporation - Ozan Unit
Boise Cascade Corp - Deridder Paper Mill
Del-Tin Fiber LLC
328
600
435
693
110,000
454.29
291
1,300
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
Steam
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
NON-BACT LIMITS
Greenhunter Energy
CA
1732D-1
7/20/2010
180 MMBtu/hr
Biomass Energy
OH
OH-0307
4/4/2006
318 MMBtu/hr
SC
1780-0051CA
9/3/2009
675 MMBtu/hr

We Energies
Highlands Ethanol
WI
FL
FL
NH
10-SDD-058
PSD-FL-411
PSD-FL-406
NH-0013
3/28/2011
12/28/2010
3/22/2010
10/25/2004
800
1,358
218
720
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
0.05
0.01
0.03
0.01
0.034
73.77
21.2
0.007
lb/MMBtu (3-hour avg)

lb/MMBtu
lb/MMBtu (3-hr avg)
lb/MMBtu
TPY
lb/hr
lb/MMBtu
0.0085 lb/MMBtu
4.06 lb/hr
0.0085
Good combustion practices and use of oxidation catalyst
0.004 lb/MMBtu
0.004
Oxidation catalyst
-0.009 lb/MMBtu
0.005 lb/MMBtu
-0.009
0.005
0.005
Comply with CO limit.

Notes:
a
SCR, good combustion practices
0.013
--
-----
May 2011
103-87668
Table 5-13: Add-on VOC Control Technology Feasibility Analysis for HEF Cogeneration Boiler
Estimated
Efficiency
Feasible and
Demonstrated?
(Y/N)
Rank Based
on Control
Efficiency
Employed by
HEF Boiler?
(Y/N)
VOC Abatement Method
Refrigerated Condensors
Surface
Contact
Variable
Variable
NTF
NTF
NTF
NTF
N
N
Carbon Adsorbers
Fixed Regenerative Bed

Disposable/Rechargeable Cannisters
Traveling Bed Adsorbers
Fluid Bed Adsorbers
Chromatographic Baghouse
Variable
Variable
Variable
Variable
Variable
NTF
NTF
NTF
NTF
NTF
NTF
NTF
NTF
NTF
NTF
N
N
N
N
N
Catalytic Oxidation
Tail-End SCR/RSCR
Conventional SCR
40-80%
Variable
Y
NTF
1
NTF
N
N
Over-Fire Air Systems
Nalco Mobotec OFA

Synterprise Ecojet
70%
70%
Y
Y
2
2
N
N

Increased Gas Residence Time
50 - 75%
50 - 75%
50 - 75%
Y
Y
Y
3
3
3
Y
Y
Y
Destruction Controls
Flares
Variable
NTF
NTF
Incinerators
Thermal
Catalytic
>80%
>80%
NTF
NTF
NTF
NTF
N
N
May 2011
103-87668
Table 6-1: Major Features of the AERMOD Model, Version 11103

AERMOD Model Features
Plume dispersion/growth rates are determined by the profile of vertical and horizontal turbulence,
vary with height, and use a continuous growth function.
In a convective atmosphere, uses three separate algorithms to describe plume behavior as it

comes in contact with the mixed layer lid; in a stable atmosphere, uses a mechanically mixed
layer near the surface.
Polar or Cartesian coordinate systems for receptor locations can be included directly or by an
external file reference.
Urban model dispersion is input as a function of city size and population density; sources can
also be modeled individually as urban sources.
Stable plume rise: uses Briggs equations with winds and temperature gradients at stack top up to
half-way up to plume rise. Convective plume rise: plume superimposed on random convective
velocities.
Procedures suggested by Briggs (1974) for evaluating stack-tip downwash.
Has capability of simulating point, volume, area, and multi-sized area sources.
Accounts for the effects of vertical variations in wind and turbulence (Brower et al., 1998).
Uses measured and computed boundary layer parameters and similarity relationships to develop
vertical profiles of wind, temperature, and turbulence (Brower et al., 1998).
Concentration estimates for 1-hour to annual average times.
Creates vertical profiles of wind, temperature, and turbulence using all available measurement
levels.
Terrain features are depicted by use of a controlling hill elevation and a receptor point elevation.
Modeling domain surface characteristics are determined by selected direction and month/season
values of surface roughness length, albedo, and Bowen ratio.
Contains both a mechanical and convective mixed layer height, the latter based on the hourly
accumulation of sensible heat flux.
The method of Pasquill (1976) to account for buoyancy-induced dispersion.
A default regulatory option to set various model options and parameters to EPA-recommended
values.
Contains procedures for calm-wind and missing data for the processing of short term averages.
Note: AERMOD = The American Meteorological Society and EPA Regulatory Model.
Source: Paine et al., 2007.
Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\6\Table 6-1.docx
May 2011
103-87668
Table 6-2: Modeled Emission Rates Used for the Significant Impact Analysis
Source ID
Point Sources
Bagasse Boiler
Cooling Tower
Flare
Ash Silo
Lime Silo 1
Lime Silo 2
Model ID
BOILER
COOLTWR
FLARE
ASHSILO
LIMEWWT
LIMEDSI
Description
Annuala
(TPY)
(g/s)
Bagasse Boiler
200.4
6.28
Cooling Tower
--Truck Loading Rack Flare
0.0090 0.00026
Bagfilter for Boiler Ash Silo
--Bagfilter for Lime Silo for Wastewater Treatment
--Bagfilter for Lime Silo for DSI
---
SO2
Modeled Emission Ratea

PM2.5
PM10
24-hour
(lb/hr)
(g/s)
64.2
8.09
--0.0057 0.00072
-------
1- and 3-hour
(lb/hr)
(g/s)
70.6
8.90
--0.0057 0.00072
-------
Annuala
(TPY)
(g/s)
27.6
0.87
0.19
0.0054
0.052
0.0015
0.847
0.024
0.002
0.000058
0.00042 0.000012
Area and Volume Sources

Source Type
Annual
(TPY)
(g/s)
PM10
24-hour
(lb/hr)
(g/s)
6.9
0.87
0.043
0.0054
0.034
0.0043
0.21
0.026
0.21
0.026
0.21
0.026
Annuala
(TPY)
(g/s)
18.0
0.56
0.19
0.0054
0.052
0.0015
0.847
0.024
0.002 0.000058
0.00042 0.000012
24-hour
(lb/hr)
(g/s)
Annual
(TPY)
(g/s)
24-hour
(lb/hr)
(g/s)
Area Source Size

(ft2)
(m2)
(TPY)
184.3
-1.04
----
Annuala
SAMb
NOx
(g/s)
5.78
-0.030
----
PM10 Modeled Emissions

Annual
24-hour
(g/m2-s)
(g/m2-s)
(lb/hr)
126.1
-0.66
----
1-hour
(g/s)
15.89
-0.083
----
PM2.5 Modeled Emissions

Annual
24-hour
(g/m2-s)
(g/m2-s)
Area
0.047
0.0014
0.051
0.006
0.0071
0.0002
0.0077
0.001
32,500
3,019
4.49E-07
2.13E-06
6.80E-08
3.23E-07
BIOFUGWE
Biomass storage pile wind erosion
Area
0.11
0.0031
0.29
0.037
0.11
0.0031
0.29
0.037
100,000
9,290
3.33E-07
3.95E-06
3.33E-07
3.95E-06
BIOFUGVM
Biomass storage vehicular maintenance
Area
1.39
0.040
0.45
0.057
0.14
0.0040
0.046
0.0058
100,000
9,290
4.30E-06
6.10E-06
4.34E-07
6.24E-07
0.0021
0.017
0.0021
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
BIOFUG
Biomass Pile Wind Erosion

Biomass Pile Vehicular Maint.
Biomass Truck Trafficb
BIOTRK
Sorghum and wood deliveries, ash, and lime

hauling
Line
0.29
0.0085
0.067
0.0084
0.072
Other Truck Traffic
ETHTRK
Ethanol and denaturant/gasoline deliveries
Line
0.011
0.00033
0.0027
0.00034
0.0028 8.05E-05
8-hour/1-hour
(lb/hr)
(g/s)
1,192.1
150.20
--3.61
0.45
-------
Conveyors, belts, and screens
Biomass Materials Handling
PM2.5
CO
24-hour
(lb/hr)
(g/s)
4.9
0.62
0.043
0.0054
0.034
0.0043
0.21
0.026
0.21
0.026
0.21
0.026
Annual averages are based on the annual emission rate in TPY over 8,040 hours for the boiler, or 8,760 for all other sources.
SAM emissions are included only for the visibility analysis. SAM is not a PSD pollutant.
Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\6\Table 6-2, 6-3, 6-8 - Source Data.xlsx
6.67E-04 8.40E-05
24-hour
(lb/hr)
(g/s)
3.15
0.40
-----------
May 2011
103-87668
Table 6-3: Model Parameters Used for the Significant Impact Analysis
Source ID
Point Sources
Bagasse Boiler
Cooling Tower
Flare
Ash Silo
Lime Silo 1
Lime Silo 2
Model ID
BOILER
COOLTWR
FLARE
ASHSILO
LIMEWWT
LIMEDSI
Description
Bagasse Boiler
Cooling Tower
Truck Loading Rack Flare
Bagfilter for Boiler Ash Silo
Bagfilter for Lime Silo for Wastewater Treatment
Bagfilter for Lime Silo for DSI
Area and Volume Sources
UTM NAD83
East
North
(m)
(m)
466,365
466,512
466,387
466,257
466,461
466,346
Physical
3,008,958
3,008,828
3,009,253
3,008,965
3,008,832
3,008,942
UTM NAD83
East
North
(m)
(m)
Stack Parameters
Height
(ft)
(m)
Diameter
(ft)
(m)
Operating
Temperature
Velocity
o
( F)
(K)
(fps)
(m/s)
150
35
30
35
35
35
14
33
1.0
1.5
1.5
1.5
340
77
1,832
77
77
77
45.7
10.7
9.1
10.7
10.7
10.7
Source Type
4.3
10.1
0.30
0.46
0.46
0.46
Release Height
(ft)
(m)
444
298
1,273
298
298
298
x-dimensionc
(ft)
(m)
Length
22.1
4.1
5.2
23.6
23.6
23.6
6.74
1.26
1.60
7.19
7.19
7.19
y-dimensiond
(ft)
(m)
Conveyors, belts, and screens
466,331
3,008,877
Area
15
4.6
325.0
99.1
100.0
30.5
BIOFUGWE
Biomass storage pile wind erosion
466,289
3,008,809
Area
35
10.7
400.0
121.9
250.0
76.2
BIOFUGVM
Biomass storage vehicular maintenance
466,289
3,008,809
Area
35
10.7
400.0
121.9
250.0
76.2
Biomass Materials Handling
BIOFUG
Biomass Pile Wind Erosion

Biomass Pile Vehicular Maint.
Biomass Truck Trafficb
BIOTRK
Sorghum and wood deliveries, ash, and lime

hauling
466,506
3,009,135
Line
11.25
3.4
27.6
8.4
22.5
6.9
Other Truck Traffic
ETHTRK
Ethanol and denaturant/gasoline deliveries
466,434
3,009,136
Line
11.25
3.4
28.0
8.5
22.5
6.9
a
b
Default temperature used in AERMOD for flare modeling.
Truck traffic locations shown for one volume source only.

The x-dimension for each volume source is equivalent to the side length for each volume source (Sigma y).
d
The y-dimension for each volume source is equivalent to the vertical dimension (sigma Z).
c
May 2011
103-87668
Table 6-4: Summary of the SO2 Facilities Considered for Inclusion in the 24-Hour AAQS and PSD Class II Air Modeling Analyses
UTM Coordinates
AIRS
Number
Facility
Modeling Area - Included all facilities within Modeling Area

0550014
Lake Placid Asphalt Plant
Threshold
Dist x 20
b,c
Include in
Modeling
Analysis ?
East
(km)
North
(km)
X
(km)
Y
(km)
Distance
(km)
Direction
(deg)
Emissions
(TPY)
Highlands
465.6
3,008.7
-0.8
-0.3
0.87
249
170.07
SIA
YES
464.3
493.2
494.3
469.3
451.4
419.8
489.2
516.1
3,035.4
3,013.2
3,012.4
3,042.9
3,050.5
3,011.8
2,966.6
3,014.2
-2.1
26.8
27.9
2.9
-15.0
-46.6
22.8
49.7
26.4
4.2
3.4
33.8
41.5
2.8
-42.4
5.2
26.47
27.12
28.10
33.96
44.12
46.65
48.15
49.95
355
81
83
5
340
273
152
84
1,955.70
104.24
18.86
11.80
5,054.52
951.05
93.71
115.15
529.4
542.4
562.0
679.2
882.3
933.1
963.0
999.1
YES
NO
NO
NO
YES
YES
NO
NO
NA = Not applicable, ND = No data, SID = Significant impact distance for the project
Highlands Ethanol East and North Coordinates (km) are:
466.4
3,009.0
km
The significant impact distance for the project is estimated to be:
Based on the North Carolina Screening Threshold method, a background facility is included in the modeling analysis if the facility is beyond the modeling area and its emission rate is greater
than the product of Distance x 20.
"Modeling Area" is the area in which the project is predicted to have a significant impact (0.9 km). EPA recommends that all sources within this area be modeled.
"Screening Area" is the significant impact distance for the HEF Facility of 0.9 km, plus 50 km beyond the modeling area. EPA recommends that sources be modeled that are expected to
have a significant impact in the modeling area. Screening criteria within these areas are specified in the headers.
Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\6\Table 6-4, 6-5, L-1 - BG SO2 Sources.xlsx
Q, (TPY)
Emission
County
Screening Area - Exclude all facilities with emissions <10 TPY d

0550018
Tampa Electric Co. - Philips Station
Highlands
0550061
Highlands Ethanol
Highlands
0550060
Compression Station No. 29
Highlands
0550046
Highlands County Dept. of Solid Waste
Highlands
0550003
Progress Energy - Avon Park
Highlands
0270016
Desoto County Energy Park
Desoto
0430008
South Florida Thermal Services, Inc.
Glades
0930001
Okeechobee Asphalt Plant
Okeechobee
Note:
Maximum
24-Hr/Annual SO2
Relative to Highlands Ethanol
0.9 km
May 2011
103-87668
Table 6-5: Summary of the SO2 Facilities Considered for Inclusion in the 1-Hour AAQS Air Modeling Analysis
AIRS
Number
Facility
UTM Coordinates
East
North

Y
Distance
Direction
Maximum
1-Hour SO2
Emissions
Include in
Modeling
County
(km)
(km)
(km)
(km)
(km)
(deg)
(lb/hr)
Analysis ?
Modeling Area - Included all facilities out to 10 km

0550014 Lake Placid Asphalt Plant
Highlands
465.6
3,008.7
-0.8
-0.3
0.87
249
35.32
YES
Facilities out to 50 km beyond SIA - Include if > 250 lb/hr

0550018 Tampa Electric Co. - Philips Station
0550061 Highlands Ethanol
0550060 Compression Station No. 29
0550046 Highlands County Dept. of Solid Waste
0550003 Progress Energy - Avon Park
0270016 Desoto County Energy Park
0430008 South Florida Thermal Services, Inc.
0930001 Okeechobee Asphalt Plant
0430018 Oldcaste Lawn and Garden Moore Haven
Highlands
Highlands
Highlands
Highlands
Highlands
Desoto
Glades
Okeechobee
Glades
464.3
493.2
494.3
469.3
451.4
419.8
489.2
516.1
492.0
3,035.4
3,013.2
3,012.4
3,042.9
3,050.5
3,011.8
2,966.6
3,014.2
2,961.3
-2.1
26.8
27.9
2.9
-15.0
-46.6
22.8
49.7
25.6
26.4
4.2
3.4
33.8
41.5
2.8
-42.4
5.2
-47.7
26.47
27.12
28.10
33.96
44.12
46.65
48.15
49.95
54.13
355
81
83
5
340
273
152
84
152
923.82
23.80
2.07
2.32
1,154.00
197.38
19.45
23.90
4.10
YES
NO
NO
NO
YES
NO
NO
NO
NO
Note:
Facilities with less than 1 lb/hr past 10 km are excluded from the screening table.
Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\6\Table 6-4, 6-5, L-1 - BG SO2 Sources.xlsx
466.4
3,009.0
km
4.75 km
May 2011
103-87668
Table 6-6: Summary of the PM 10 and PM2.5 Facilities Considered for Inclusion in the AAQS and PSD Class II Air Modeling Analyses
UTM Coordinates
Maximum
PM10
Q, (TPY)
Emission
b,c
Include in
County
East
(km)
North
(km)
X
(km)
Y
(km)
Distance
(km)
Direction
(deg)
Emissions
(TPY)
Threshold
(Dist - SID) x 20
Modeling
Analysis ?
Highlands
465.6
3,008.7
-0.8
-0.3
0.87
249
0.18
SIA
YES
Screening Area - Exclude all facilities with emissions <10 TPY d

0550018
Tampa Electric Company - Philips Station
Highlands
0550061
Highlands Ethanol
Highlands
0270016
Desoto
0430008
South Florida Thermal Servides, Inc.
Glades
464.3
493.2
419.8
489.2
3,035.4
3,013.2
3,011.8
2,966.6
-2.1
26.8
-46.6
22.8
26.4
4.2
2.8
-42.4
26.47
27.12
46.65
48.15
355
81
273
152
72.10
36.96
327.62
20.96
471.4
484.4
875.1
905.0
NO
NO
NO
NO
AIRS
Number
Facility
Modeling Area - Included all facilities within Modeling Area

0550014
Note:
Based on the North Carolina Screening Threshold method, a background facility is included in the modeling analysis if the facility is beyond the modeling area and its emission rate is greater
than the product of (Distance-SID) x 20.
Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\6\Table 6-6, L-2 - BG PM2.5-10 Sources.xlsx
466.4
3,009.0
km
2.9 km
May 2011
103-87668
Table 6-7: Summary of the 1-Hour NOx Facilities Considered for Inclusion in the AAQS Air Modeling Analysis
Maximum
County
UTM Coordinates
East
North
(km)
(km)
X
(km)
Modeling Area - Included all facilities out to 10 km

0550014
Highlands
465.6
3,008.7
-0.8
-0.3
0.87
Facilities out to 50 km beyond SIA - Include if > 250 lb/hr

0550018
Tampa Electric Company - Philips Station
0550061
Highlands Ethanol
0550060
Compression Station No. 29
0550032
TCSC Sebring Plant
0550058
Compressor Station No. 430C
0550046
Highlands County Dept. of Solid Waste
0550003
Progress Energy - Avon Park
0270016
0430008
South Florida Thermal Services, Inc.
0430018
Oldcastle Lawn and Garden Moore Haven
0510015
Southern Gardens Citrus Processing Corp.
0270003
Peace River Citrus Products
0490344
McBars, LLC - Limestone
0930109
Biomass Processing Facility - Okeechobee
0510004
Citrus Belle
7770048
Better Roads, Inc.
7775172
Plant No. 7 - Punta Gorda
Highlands
Highlands
Highlands
Highlands
Highlands
Highlands
Highlands
Desoto
Glades
Glades
Hendry
Desoto
Hardee
Okeechobee
Hendry
Hillsborough
Charlotte
464.3
493.2
494.3
469.5
472.5
469.3
451.4
419.8
489.2
492.0
487.5
409.8
411.0
525.2
456.4
425.0
423.6
3,035.4
3,013.2
3,012.4
3,038.4
3,041.7
3,042.9
3,050.5
3,011.8
2,966.6
2,961.3
2,957.6
3,010.3
3,027.3
3,017.4
2,950.3
2,963.0
2,964.0
-2.1
26.8
27.9
3.1
6.1
2.9
-15.0
-46.6
22.8
25.6
21.1
-56.6
-55.4
58.8
-10.0
-41.4
-42.9
26.4
4.2
3.4
29.4
32.7
33.8
41.5
2.8
-42.4
-47.7
-51.4
1.3
18.3
8.4
-58.7
-46.0
-45.1
26.47
27.12
28.10
29.55
33.26
33.96
44.12
46.65
48.15
54.13
55.57
56.64
58.31
59.37
59.56
61.88
62.19
AIRS
Number
Note:
Facility

Y
Distance
Direction
(km)
(km)
(deg)
Annual NOx
Emissions
(lb/hr)
Include in
Modeling
Analysis ?
249
15.00
YES
355
81
83
6
11
5
340
273
152
152
158
271
288
82
190
222
224
1,145.52
14.90
1.01
1.30
6.67
1.84
990.18
128.20
14.37
30.00
45.48
21.59
4.68
10.95
26.51
4.33
16.51
YES
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
YES
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
Facilities with less than 1 lb/hr past 10 km are excluded from the screening table.
"Modeling Area" is the area in which the project is predicted to have a significant impact (12 km). EPA recommends that all sources within this area be modeled.
"Screening Area" is the significant impact distance for the HEF Facility of 12 km, plus 50 km beyond the modeling area. EPA recommends that sources be modeled that are expected to
Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\6\Table 6-7, L-3 - BG NOx Sources.xlsx
466.4
3,009.0
km
12 km
May 2011
103-87668
Table 6-8: Summary of Building Dimensions Used in the Modeling Analysis
Building Description
Store Room
Maintenance
Garage
Office/Lab
Distillation
Fermentation
Evaporation
Boiler Building
Air Pollution Control Housing
Turbine Building
Cooling Tower
Model ID
STORERM
MAINT
GARAGE
OFFICE
DIST
FERM
EVAP
BLRBLD
APCDBLD
TURBINE
COOLTWR
Height
(ft)
(m)
35.0
35.0
30.0
30.0
35.0
35.0
35.0
120.0
78.0
60.0
35.0
10.7
10.7
9.1
9.1
10.7
10.7
10.7
36.6
23.8
18.3
10.7
Length
(ft)
(m)
160.0
60.0
80.0
80.0
160.0
50.0
200.0
60.0
25.0
40.0
40.0
48.8
18.3
24.4
24.4
48.8
15.2
61.0
18.3
7.6
12.2
12.2
(ft)
Width
(m)
60.0
120.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
160.0
60.0
80.0
65.0
50.0
80.0
18.3
36.6
15.2
15.2
15.2
48.8
18.3
24.4
19.8
15.2
24.4
May 2011
103-87668
Table 6-9: Maximum Predicted Impacts for HEF Project Only Compared to EPA Class II Significant Impact Levels
EPA Class II
Maximum
Predicted Concentration a
(g/m3)
UTM- East
(m)
UTM- North
(m)
Time Period
(YYMMDDHH)
Impact Levels
(g/m3)
SO2
Annual
24-Hour
3-Hour
1-Hour
0.58
8.1
23.7
29.7
465,800
466,600
466,146
466,000
3,008,900
3,009,400
3,009,372
3,009,200
NA
04090624
02123115
5 Year Avg.
1
5
25
7.9c
PM2.5
Annual
24-Hour
0.43
5.2
466,245
466,524
3,008,772
3,008,768
5 Year Avg.
5 Year Avg.
0.3
1.2
PM10
Annual
24-Hour
1.5
11.2
466,245
466,338
3,008,772
3,008,771
NA
04020324
1
5
NO2 (Tier 1)
Annual
0.63
465,800
3,008,900
NA
1-Hour
53.1
466,000
3,009,200
5 Year Avg.
7.6d
Annual
0.47
465,800
3,008,900
NA
1-Hour
42.5
466,000
3,009,200
5 Year Avg.
7.6d
8-Hour
1-Hour
296.8
562.1
465,900
466,045
3,009,200
3,009,287
04051216
03080116
500
2,000
NO2b (Tier 2)
CO
b
c
d
Significant
Averaging
Time
Pollutant
Receptor Location
Note: YYMMDDHH = Year, Month, Day, Hour Ending

Concentrations are based on concentrations predicted using 5 years of meteorological data from 2001 to 2005 of surface and upper air data
from the National Weather Service stations at Fort Myers Southwest Florida Regional (RSW) Airport and Tampa International Airport, respectively.
A NOx to NO2 converstion factor of 75% applies for the annual averaging time, and 80% for the 1-hour averaging time, based on EPA's Guidline on Air Quality Models.
EPA has not yet defined a significant impact level for SO2 1-hour impacts. However, interim guidance documents suggest a level of 3 ppb (7.9 g/m3).
EPA has not yet defined a significant impact level for NO2 1-hour impacts. However, interim guidance documents suggest a level of 4 ppb (7.6 g/m3).
Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\6\Table 6-9 - 6-12.xlsm
May 2011
103-87668
Table 6-10: Maximum Predicted Impacts for HEF Project Only Compared to EPA Class I Significant Impact Levels at ENP
EPA Class I
Maximum
Pollutant
Averaging
Time
Predicted Concentration
(g/m3)
For receptors out to 50 km in the direction of ENP

SO2
Annual
0.0091
24-Hour
0.25
3-Hour
0.92
Significant
UTM- East
(m)
UTM- North
(m)
Time Period
(YYMMDDHH)
Impact Levels
(g/m3)
461,174
467,273
466,400
2,959,274
2,959,008
2,959,000
NA
02101724
05011803
0.1
0.2
1.0
PM2.5
Annual
24-Hour
0.0010
0.061
467,273
475,940
2,959,008
2,959,919
5 Year Avg.
5 Year Avg.
0.06
0.07
PM10
Annual
24-Hour
0.0019
0.10
467,273
475,940
2,959,008
2,959,919
NA
05122324
0.2
0.3
NO2 (Tier 1)
Annual
0.0086
461,174
2,959,274
NA
0.1
NO2b (Tier 2)
Annual
0.0064
461,174
2,959,274
NA
0.1
468,145
2,909,015
02101724
0.2
For receptors out to 100 km in the direction of ENP

SO2
24-Hour
0.13
Receptor Location

A NOX to NO2 converstion factor of 75% applies for the annualaveraging time, based on EPA's Guidline on Air Quality Models.
May 2011
103-87668
Table 6-11: Maximum Predicted SO2, PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 Impacts for All Sources, Compared to the AAQS
Averaging Time
and Rank
Maximum Concentration (g/m3) a

Modeled
Total
Sources
Background
SO2
24-Hour, HSH
1-Hour, 99th Perc.
54.1
94.7
27.9
76.4
26.2
18.3
465,400
465,400
PM2.5
Annual, Highest 5yr Avg.
24-Hour, 98th Perc. 5yr Avg.
7.5
19.2
1.0
4.5
6.5
14.7
PM10
Annual, Highest
24-Hour, H6H
22.4
72.9
2.4
12.9
NO2 (Tier 1)
85.7
NO2b (Tier 2)
77.5
Receptor Location
UTM- East
UTM- North
(m)
(m)
Time Period
(YYMMDDHH)
AAQS
(g/m3)
3,008,600
3,008,600
04092724
NA
260
196.5
465,400
465,400
3,008,600
3,008,600
NA
NA
15
35
20.0
60.0
466,245
466,300
3,008,772
3,008,700
NA
04092024
50
150
40.6
45.1
465,400
3,008,600
NA
189
32.4
45.1
465,400
3,008,600
NA
189

HSH = Highest, second-highest
H6H = Highest, sixth-highest
a
A NOX to NO2 converstion factor of 80% applies for the 1-hour averaging time, based on EPA's Guidline on Air Quality Models.
May 2011
103-87668
Table 6-12: Maximum Predicted SO2 and PM10 Impacts for All Sources, Compared to the PSD Class II Increments
Averaging Time
and Rank
Maximum
Concentration a
(g/m3)
Receptor Location
UTM- East
UTM- North
(m)
(m)
Time Period
(YYMMDDHH)
PSD Class II
Increment
(g/m3)
SO2
24-Hour, HSH
27.9
465,400
3,008,600
04092724
91
PM2.5
Annual, Highest
24-Hour, HSH
1.1
7.6
465,400
465,700
3,008,600
3,008,900
NA
04092724
4
9
PM10
Annual, Highest
24-Hour, HSH
2.4
9.6
466,245
466,338
3,008,772
3,008,771
NA
02021624
17
30

HSH = Highest, second-highest
NA = Not Applicable
a
Concentrations are based on concentrations predicted using 5 years of meteorological data from 2001 to 2005 of surface
and upper air data from the National Weather Service stations at Fort Myers Southwest Florida Regional (RSW) Airport
and Tampa International Airport, respectively.
May 2011
103-87668
Table 7-1: SO2 Effects Levels for Various Plant Species

Observed Effect
Level
(g/m3)
Exposure
(Time)
Reference
920 (20 percent

displayed visible
injury)
3 hours
McLaughlin and Lee, 1974
200 to 400
6 hr/wk for
10 weeks
Hart, et al., 1988
Cypress, slash pine,

live oak, mangrove
1,300
8 hours
Woltz and Howe, 1981
Jack pine seedlings
470-520
24 hours
Malhotra and Kahn, 1978
1,310
Continuously
for 1 week
Carlson, 1979
Plant Species
Sensitive to tolerant
Lichens
Black oak
Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\7\Tables 7-1 - 7-3.docx
May 2011
103-87668
Table 7-2 Sensitivity Groupings of Vegetation Based on Visible Injury at Different SO2
Exposuresa
Sensitivity
Grouping
790 - 1,570 g/m

(0.3 - 0.6 ppm)
Plants
3
Sensitive
1,310 - 2,620 g/m

(0.5 - 1.0 ppm)
Intermediate
2,620 - 5,240 g/m3

(1.0 - 2.0 ppm)
1,570 - 2,100 g/m3

(0.6 - 0.8 ppm)
>5,240 g/m3
(>2.0 ppm)
>2,100 g/m3
(>0.8 ppm)
Resistant
SO2 Concentration
1-Hour
3-Hour
Ragweeds
Legumes
Blackberry
Southern pines
Red and black
oaks
White ash
Sumacs
Maples
Locust
Sweetgum
Cherry
Elms
Tuliptree
Many crop and
garden species
White oaks
Potato
Upland cotton
Corn
Dogwood
Peach
Based on observations over a 20-year period of visible injury occurring on over 120
species growing in the vicinities of coal-fired power plants in the southeastern United
States.
Source: EPA, 1982a.
May 2011
103-87668
Table 7-3:
Examples of Reported Effects of Air Pollutants at Concentrations Below

National Secondary AAQS
Pollutant
Sulfur Dioxidea
Concentration
(g/m3)
Exposure
Respiratory stress in guinea

pigs
Respiratory stress in rats
427 to 854
1 hour
267
Decreased abundance in deer

mice
13 to 157
7 hours/day; 5 day/week
for 10 weeks
continually for 5 months
1,917
3 hours
Reported Effect
Nitrogen
Dioxideb,c
Respiratory stress in mice

Respiratory stress in guinea
pigs
96 to 958
8 hours/day for
122 days
Particulatesa
Respiratory stress, reduced

respiratory disease defenses
Decreased respiratory disease
defenses in rats, same with
hamsters
120 PbO3
continually for 2 months
100 NiCl2
2 hours
Sources: a
b
c
Newman and Schreiber, 1988.

Gardner and Graham, 1976.
Trzeciak et al., 1977.

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TABLES

Table 2-1: Fuel Analysis, Highlands EnviroFuels

3,900 (as fired)

3,900 (as fired)

Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\2\Table 2-1, A-1 Fuel Specs.xlsx

Table 2-2: Biomass Boiler Design Parameters, Highlands EnviroFuels

Maximum Steam 24-Hour

Thermal Efficiency (Biomass)

Total Heat Output Required

Based on net enthalpy and 335 days/yr

Sugar Cane Bagasse

Sweet Sorghum Bagasse

4,250 Btu/lb, wet

Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\2\Table 2-2, 2-3, 2-12, 2-13.xlsx

Heat Output Fuel Firing Rate

Maximum Wood Firing (10%Wood / 90% Bagasse)

Maximum Natural Gas Firing (30% Natural Gas / 70% Bagasse)

Normal Operations (100% Bagasee Firing)

Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\2\Table 2-2, 2-3, 2-12, 2-13.xlsx

Table 2-4: Specifications for VOL Storage Tanks

200 Proof Ethanol

Off-Spec Ethanol Product

Gasoline (4.5% of ethanol for

Methanol, xylene and ethylbenzene

Internal Floating Roof

Internal Floating Roof

Internal Floating Roof

Internal Floating Roof

Vertical Fixed Roof

Tank Height (ft)

Tank Diameter (ft)

Tank Capacity (gallons)

Turnovers per Year

See MSDS in Appendix D for corrosion inhibitor speciation.

Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\2\Table 2-4, D1-D3 Tanks.xlsx

Table 2-5: Ethanol Process: CO2 and Distillation Scrubbers

Vogelbusch (or equivalent)

Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\2\Table 2-5 to 2-9 APCD.xlsx

Wet Cyclone (or equivalent)a

Inlet Flue Gas Temp (oF)

Vendor for the Biomass Boiler Cyclone not yet selected.

Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\2\Table 2-5 to 2-9 APCD.xlsx

Table 2-7: Boiler Control Equipment Parameters: Electrostatic Precipitator

Factory Sales (or equivalent)a

Inlet Flue Gas Temp (oF)

Vendor for the Biomass Boiler ESP not yet selected.

Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\2\Table 2-5 to 2-9 APCD.xlsx

DNTa (or equivalent)

Flue Gas Flow Rate (acfm)

Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\2\Table 2-5 to 2-9 APCD.xlsx

Factory Sales (or equivalent)a

Inlet Flue Gas Temp (oF)

No. of Injection Fans

Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\2\Table 2-5 to 2-9 APCD.xlsx

Emission Calculation - Speciated a,b

Maximum Controlled Emissions

Based on data from Highlands EnviroFuels, 2011.

Example Calculation - Ethyl Acetate:

Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAP).

Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\2\Table 2-10, 2-11 Ethanol Process.xlsx

Emission Calculation - Speciated a,b

Maximum Controlled Emissions

Based on data from Highlands EnviroFuels, 2011.

Example Calculation - Ethyl Acetate: