Ac Link&id 2899&

Retainability and Accessibility
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144/100 56-H SD 101 02 U en D

WCDMA RAN
Contents
1
Introduction
1.1
Scope
1.2
Target G roups
1.3
C oncepts
1.4
Revision Inform ation
Priority Order
2.1
Stepw ise Approach
Improvements in General
3.1
Increasing Supervision Tim ers - W 12B
3.2
M axim um D ow nlink Pow er for R99 RABs
3.3
Increased FAC H 1 Pow er
3.4
Im proved RACH Capacity
3.5
M inim um D ow nlink Pow er for R99 RABs
3.6
Increasing m axActiveSet
3.7
Tuning of Event 1b
3.8
InitialPow er at IFH O
Improvements for Multi-RAB
4.1
O verview
4.2
D isable H igh-rate M ulti-RABs
4.3
Enable 16 kbps and Flexible InitialRate Selection
4.4
Tuning of Activation Tim e
4.5
D isable CQ I Repetition
4.6
Tuning of Pathloss Param eter for IFLS
4.7
Balanced C arrier Strategy
Improving Radio Environment
5.1
O verview
5.2
Pow er O ffset
5.3
Reduce EU L M ax SIR Target
5.4
Increase EU L Transm ission Target Error
5.5
U plink InitialSIR Target
5.6
D ow nlink InitialSIR Target
5.7
BLER Target Interactive
Reference List
http://calstore.internal.ericsson.com/alexserv?AC=LINK&ID=2899&FN=144_10056-HSD... 6/23/2016
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1 Introduction
1.1 Scope
The descriptions and recom m endations in this docum ent are valid up to the Ericsson W CD M A
W 12B RAN release.
The aim of the docum ent is to provide help w ith param eter tuning that im proves
accessibility and retainability KPIs in the netw ork. The suggested param eter changes are
based on live netw ork experience from one or severallive netw orks, w here im provem ents
have been achieved after param eter changes.
Although, previous trials show im provem ents, the proposed param eters should alw ays be
evaluated in the netw ork before deploym ent on a larger scale. It is not certain that there w ill
be im provem ents in allnetw orks. U sually there are tw o sides of a param eter change; som e
aspects of the netw ork im prove, w hile other aspects m ay w orsen. Therefore careful
evaluation of allproposed changes is recom m ended.
The netw ork could be tuned in m any different w ays, depending on traffic profiles, U E
penetration and so on. In this guidelines it is assum ed that the netw ork traffic is dom inated
by Sm artphone users, that is Sm artphone type of traffic m odel, m any H SPA capable U Es,
and so on.
Before starting to tune param eters it is recom m ended to perform a netw ork audit on
retainability and accessibility. This can provide a lot of valuable inform ation as to w hat
param eter tuning activities should be perform ed in the netw ork.
1.2 Target Groups

This docum ent is w ritten for operators and other users of Ericsson Radio Access N etw ork
products. The docum ent is aim ed in particular at engineers in the planning and tuning
processes of a W C D M A netw ork as a support for param eter tuning that w illim prove
accessibility and retainability KPIs.
The reader is assum ed to have w orking know ledge of W CD M A telecom m unication system .
1.3 Concepts
This section defines som e im portant concepts, and how they are used in this docum ent.
HSDPA: W hen only H SD PA is used in the dow nlink channel.
HSPA: W hen H SD PA is used in the dow nlink and EU L is used in the uplink.
1.4 Revision Information

Table 1
Revision History
Rev
Reason for Revision
First edition of this docum ent
Editorialchanges.
Editorialchanges.
Editorialchanges.
Page 3 of 35
2 Priority Order
2.1 Stepwise Approach
It is suggested that a stepw ise approach is used w hen optim izing accessibility and
retainability param eters, that is a param eter is changed and evaluated before m oving on to
the next param eter/group of param eters. In som e cases it is recom m ended that a group of
param eters is changed on the sam e tim e since there m ay be dependencies betw een the
param eters.
Table 2 lists allparam eter changes w ith priority order, w here highest priority (1) is expected
to give the largest gain in retainability and accessibility.
The param eter changes are divided into three im pact areas.
G eneralim provem ents:
This group includes im provem ents that w illhave an im pact on allRABs.
M ulti-RAB im provem ents:
This group includes im provem ents on M ulti-RAB perform ance.
Radio environm ent:
This group includes changes that im prove radio environm ent, in one w ay or another,
for exam ple by reducing interference in uplink or dow nlink. The im proved radio
environm ent has a positive im pact on accessibility and retainability.
Table 2
Proposed Parameter Changes with Priority and Improvement Areas
Prio
Impact
Parameter
Change
G eneral
Improvement
Area
Section
Comments
Increasing
Retainability/
supervision
Accessibility
tim ers - W 12B
Section 3.1
System softw are

is W 12B release
G eneral
M axim um
Retainability
dow nlink
pow er for R99
RABs
Section 3.2
G eneral
Increased
FACH 1 pow er
Accessibility
Section 3.3
G eneral
Im proved
Accessibility
RAC H capacity
Section 3.4
G eneral
M inim um
Retainability
dow nlink
pow er for R99
RABs
Section 3.5
Page 4 of 35
G eneral
Increasing
Retainability
m axActiveSet
Section 3.6
G eneral
Tuning of
event 1b
Retainability
Section 3.7
G eneral
Initialpow er
at IFH O
Retainability
Section 3.8
M ulti-RAB
D isable highrate M ultiRABs
Retainability
Section 4.2
M ulti-RAB
Enable 16
Retainability
kbps and
Flexible Initial
Rate Selection
Section 4.3
M ulti-RAB
Tuning of
Retainability
activation tim e
Section 4.4
M ulti-RAB
D isable CQ I
repetition
Retainability
Section 4.5
M ulti-RAB
Tuning of
Retainability/
pathloss
Accessibility
param eter for
IFLS
Section 4.6
M ulti-RAB
Balanced
carrier
strategy
Retainability/
Accessibility
Section 4.7
Radio
Pow er offset
Retainability/
Accessibility
Section 5.2
Radio
Reduce EU L
m ax SIR
target
Retainability/
Accessibility
Section 5.3
Radio
Increase EU L
Transm ission
Target Error
Retainability/
Accessibility
Section 5.4
Radio
U plink initial
SIR target
Retainability/
Accessibility
Section 5.5
Radio
D ow nlink
initialSIR
target
Retainability/
Accessibility
Section 5.6
Radio
BLER target
interactive
Retainability/
Accessibility
Section 5.7
3 Improvements in General
This section describes retainability and accessibility im provem ents that im pact both singleand M ulti-RAB connections.
3.1 Increasing Supervision Timers - W12B

3.1.1
Improvement Area
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Retainability and accessibility

3.1.2
Overview
In W 12B L1 and L3 tim ers are operator param eters.

The param eters dchSynchReconfTime, dchNonSynchReconfTime and
rrcConnSetupTime are new in W 12B.
The recom m endations presented here are valid w hen the feature CallRe-Establishm ent is
O FF.
M ore inform ation (triggering conditions, use cases and state transitions) about L3 tim ers is
found in [9].
3.1.3
Summary of Changes
In Table 3 allproposed param eter changes are presented. M ore inform ation about the
param eter changes can be found in the referenced sections.
Table 3
Proposed Parameter Changes W12B
Target
Parameter Name
Improvement
Area
Level Default Modified Operator/ Section

Value Value
Ericsson
Retainability
T313
RN C
3s
7s
O perator
Section
3.1.4
Retainability
dchRcLostT
RN C
5s
7s
O perator
Section
3.1.4
Retainability
hsDschRcLostT
RN C
5s
7s
O perator
Section
3.1.4
Retainability
Accessibility
dchSynchReconfTime
RN C
10 s
O perator
Section
3.1.5
Retainability
dchNonSynchReconfTime RN C
(1)
10 s
O perator
Section
3.1.6
Accessibility
rrcConnSetupTime
5s
9s
O perator
Section
3.1.7
RN C
(1) The value 0 is used to select the same behavior as in pre-W12B, in which pre-W12B system constants and hard
coded values are used.
3.1.4
3.1.4.1
UE/UTRAN Radio Link Failure

Background
Layer 1 tim ers for Radio Link Failure on U E and RN C side can be increased. That w ay m ore
tim e is allow ed for the U E to be in poor radio before the radio connection is im proved again.
This w ay the risk for dropped callis reduced.
The tim e for U E Radio Link Failure is calculated using param eter N313 and tim er T313.
After receiving N313 (default: 100) consecutive "out of sync" indications from layer 1, the
U E starts tim er T313. If T313 expires, the U E consider it as a Radio Link Failure and goes
to Idle. The totaltim e for the U E to detect RL failure is calculated as:
Totaltim e
UE
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= N313 * 10 m s + T313
U TRAN RL failure detection is controlled by the Radio C onnection Supervision (RCS) and
Radio Link Set (RLS) Supervision functions. After receiving nOutSyncInd (default: 10)
consecutive fram es, U TRAN starts tim er rlFailureT (default: 1s). If rlFailureT expires, the
RLS function considers the connection as out-of-sync and reports RL Failure to SRN C. W hen
RL Failure is received on allradio links in the connection, the SRN C starts tim er dchRcLostT
and w hen it expires the connection is considered lost by RC S and the callis counted as
dropped. The totaltim e for U TRAN to detect RL failure:
Totaltim e
RN C
= nOutSyncInd * 10 m s + rlFailureT + dchRcLostT
For a connection that includes H SD PA, the PS part of the connection is considered lost by
the RC S w hen the RLS that contains the Serving H S-D SCH cell, has been out-of-sync for a
tim e given by the param eter hsDschRcLostT. This m eans that w hen the hsDschRcLostT
tim er expires, an Iu Release w illbe requested to the PS C N and w hen the dchRcLostT tim er
expires, an Iu Release w illbe requested to allinvolved CN s.
The totaltim e for U TRAN to detect RL failure for the serving H S-D SC H radio link:
Totaltim e
RN C , H S
= nOutSyncInd * 10 m s + rlFailureT + hsDschRcLostT
Figure 1 show s how uplink and dow nlink RC S interacts (w ith default param eters). W hen the
U E looses sync in the dow nlink it w illturn off its transm itter and only m onitor dow nlink until
in sync again. At that stage it w illbe the U E only that can recover the radio link. Since the
U E is turning off its transm itter there w illbe no in sync detected in the uplink. To recover
the radio link the U E m ust get in sync on the dow nlink, and then start to transm it on the
uplink again.
Figure 1 Interaction between Uplink Timer dchRLostT and Downlink Timer T313 (with
Default Values)
It is im portant to align tim ers on uplink and dow nlink to detect RL. If, for exam ple,
dchRcLostT is set to a short value, then setting the tim er T313 to a long value w illm ake
no difference, since the callw illbe released w hen tim er dchRcLostT expires. It is also
Page 7 of 35
im portant to set the tim er dchRcLostT to a longer value than T313, so that the system
does not release the callbefore the U E goes to idle (at expiry of T313).
3.1.4.2
Proposed Changes
UE Radio Link Failure

C hange T313 from 3 to 7 (3 s 7 s).
Totaltim e
UE
= N313 * 10 m s + T313 = 100 * 0.010 + 7 = 8 s
Tim er T313 and N313 are operator param eters.

RNC Radio Link Failure
C hange dchRcLostT from 50 to 70 (5 s 7 s).
C hange hsDschRcLostT from 50 to 70 (5 s 7 s).
Totaltim e RN C = nOutSyncInd * 10 m s + rlFailureT + dchRcLostT
= 10 * 0.010 + 1 + 7 = 8.1 s
Totaltim e RN C , H S = nOutSyncInd * 10 m s + rlFailureT + hsDschRcLostT
= 10 * 0.010 + 1 + 7 = 8.1 s
Tim er dchRcLostT and tim er hsDschRcLostT are operator param eters.
3.1.5
3.1.5.1
DCH to DCH Synchronized Configurations

Background
The tim er dchSynchReconfTime is a L3 tim er for supervision of allCELL_D C H to

C ELL_D CH synchronized re-configurations including RAB Establishm ent, RAB Release,
C hannelSw itching and H S Serving C ellChange.
3.1.5.2
Proposed Change
C hange dchSynchReconfTime from 0 to 10 (use old pre-W 12B tim ers w ith default values
use tim er dchSynchReconfTime w ith value 10 s)
3.1.6
3.1.6.1
DCH to DCH Non-synchronized Configurations

Background
The tim er dchNonSynchReconfTime is a L3 tim er for supervision of allCELL_D CH to

C ELL_D CH non-synchronized re-configurations including Active Set U pdate and RB
Reconfiguration.
3.1.6.2
Proposed Change
C hange dchNonSynchReconfTime from 0 to 10 (use old pre-W 12B tim ers w ith default
values use tim er dchNonSynchReconfTime w ith value 10 s)
3.1.7
RRC Connection Setup
3.1.7.1
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Background
The tim er rrcConnSetupTime is a L3 tim er value for supervision for the RRC C onnection
Setup procedure.
3.1.7.2
Proposed Change
C hange rrcConnSetupTime from 5 to 9 (5 s 9 s).

3.1.8
Observability
To evaluate the im pact of the param eter changes the follow ing KPIs should be m onitored:
C S & PS accessibility
C S & PS retainability
U L RSSI
M ac-H S throughput
C ounter form ulas can be found in Reference [5].
3.2 Maximum Downlink Power for R99 RABs

3.2.1
Improvement Area
Retainability
3.2.2
3.2.2.1
Background
Im proving D L Pow er M apping Curve
By using the param eters minimumRate, minPwrMax, interRate, interPwrMax,

maxRate and maxPwrMax the so called D L pow er m apping curve is obtained. The
param eters decide three points on the curve, giving the m axim um transm ission pow er
(relative CPICH pow er) for the corresponding rate [1]. Betw een these points the m axim um
transm ission pow er is interpolated, see Figure 2.
Figure 2
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Downlink Power Mapping Curve with Default Parameter Values
It has been observed in field trials that the D L pow er m apping curve can be im proved, both
from a Speech retainability and from a D L pow er consum ption point of view . This is
accom plished by increasing Speech pow er, but decreasing pow er for allother R99 RABs. For
pedagogicalreasons the im provem ent is described in four steps (steps 1 - 4) below . N ote
that the only recom m ended setting is the one described in Section 3.2.3. Allother solutions
are sub-optim ized.
3.2.2.2
Step 1 - Increasing Speech Pow er
It has been observed in various field trials that a very efficient w ay to im prove Speech
retainability is to increase minPwrMax. This increases m axim um transm ission pow er for all
radio links w ith a transm ission rate up to minimumRate (default 15.9 kbps). M ore pow er
can be used if the radio link becom es poor and the callcan be m aintained longer, thus
im proving retainability. Field trials have been perform ed increasing minPwrMax from 0 dB
up to 3 dB w ith very good im provem ents on Speech retainability, see Figure 3.
Figure 3
3.2.2.3
Downlink Power Mapping with Increased minPwrMax (from 0 dB to 3 dB)
Step 2 - Bringing Back A-D CH Pow er to D efault
The change in Step 1 is only recom m ended if the H SD PA traffic is very lim ited and if the
cells have a lot of capacity left in term s of pow er, otherw ise this change m ay result in pow er
blocking. For cells w ith high H SD PA load (m any H SD PA users) the A-D C H pow er can
constitute of a large part of the used dow nlink pow er. In these cases it is not w anted to
increase minPwrMax, since this w illnot only increase the possible pow er for Speech, but
also for A-D C H (radio link rate = 3.7 kbps) [1]. Instead it is suggested to m ove the
minimumRate point to 3.7 kbps, interRate point to 15.9 kbps and use the interRate
point to increase m axim um transm ission pow er for Speech. This w ay it is possible to use
m ore pow er for Speech w hile A-D C H is kept the sam e, see Figure 4.
Page 10 of 35
Figure 4 Power Control Curve Changed by Moving Point for minimumRate and interRate
(thus Keeping Maximum A-DCH Power the Same)
3.2.2.4
Step 3 - Low ering Pow er for H igh-rate R99
As seen in Figure 4 the m axim um transm ission pow er for interactive R99 RABs is also
som ew hat low ered by this change. This is good from a H SD PA perform ance view , since this
leads to less consum ed non-H S pow er leaving m ore pow er for H SD PA. To further im prove
H SD PA perform ance it is possible to low er the m axim um transm ission pow er for maxRate
from 4.8 dB to 3 dB. This w illlead to even low er non-H S pow er consum ption. See Figure 5.
The draw back w ith this solution is that D L coverage is reduced for R99 high rate bearers.
H ow ever, this is norm ally no issue in Sm artphone dense netw orks w ith a high num ber of
H SD PA users. In these netw orks high R99 rates are not really w anted at all, since they are
very expensive from a D L pow er point of view .It is m uch m ore efficient to send data on
H SD PA. For high capacity netw orks it is recom m ended to lim it the num ber of high rate R99,
or even sw itch them off com pletely.
Figure 5 Maximum Power for R99 Interactive Lowered Further to Improve HSDPA
Performance
3.2.2.5
Step 4 - Low ering Pow er for A-D C H
Page 11 of 35
Another step in further im proving the H SD PA perform ance is to low er the possible
transm ission pow er for A-D C H . Since there can be a large num ber H SD PA users in a cell,
each one having an A-D CH consum ing non-H S pow er, it can lead to considerable
im provem ents in available H SD PA pow er. Field trials have indicated that it is possible to
low er m axim um A-D C H pow er from 0 dB to -1.5 dB, w ithout any KPI degradation. See
Figure 6.
Figure 6
dB
3.2.2.6
A-DCH Power Consumption Lowered by Changing minPwrMax from 0 dB to -1.5
Recom m ended Solution
Finally, the retainability can also be im proved for low er Speech AM R rates. This can be done
by using the sam e pow er for allSpeech AM R rates. The interRate point is m oved from 15.9
kbps (Speech 12.2 kbps) to 8.45 kbps (Speech AM R 4.75 kbps), see Figure 7. This w illresult
in im proved retainability for allAM R rates.
Figure 7 Power Control Curve Adapted to Give Retainability Improvements for Speech AMR
4.75 kbps (and All Other Higher Speech AMR Rates)
Page 12 of 35
The change can be done even though no low rate Speech AM R is used in the netw ork. There
are no other RABs w ith radio link rates betw een 3.7 kbps (A-D CH ) and 15.9 kbps (Speech
12.2 kbps), m eaning that no extra pow er is consum ed if no low er AM R rates are used.
The follow ing Radio Link Rates are used by low er rate Speech AM R:
8450bps for Speech AM R 4.75 kbps
3.2.3
Proposed Change
M ake the follow ing changes:

a. minimumRate from 1590 to 370 (15.9 kbps 3.7 kbps)
b. minPwrMax from 0 to -15 (0 dB -1.5 dB)
c. interRate from 7760 to 845 (77.6 kbps 8.45 kbps)
d. interPwrMax from 38 to 30 (3.8 dB 3 dB)
e. maxPwrMax from 48 to 30 (4.8 dB 3 dB)
If the netw ork contains m any R99 devices and if the operator w ants to prioritize high-rate
R99 bearers, it is possible to change above param eter setting w ith maxPwrMax = 48 (4.8
dB) so that pow er is not reduced for higher R99 rates.
N ote that the recom m ended solution is only valid if C PIC H pow er is set according to
recom m endations (at least 5% of totalpow er). If CPICH pow er is set low er than this, tuning
is needed of the above recom m ended param eters.
3.2.4
Observability
To evaluate the im pact of the param eter changes, the follow ing KPIs should be m onitored:
M ac-H S throughput
3.3 Increased FACH1 Power

3.3.1
Improvement Area
Accessibility
3.3.2
Background
FACH 1 is used to carry controlinform ation (Broadcast ControlC hannel(BC CH ), C om m on

C ontrolChannel(CCC H ) or D edicated C ontrolChannel(D CC H )) to the U Es in the cell.
Page 13 of 35
It has been noted in field that both PS and C S accessibility can be im proved by increasing
FACH 1 pow er from default (1.8 dB relative C PIC H ). FAC H 1 pow er is changed w ith the
param eter maxFach1Power.
If the U E is in Idle M ode and trying to access the netw ork, the U E sends the RAC H m essage
"RRC Connection Request" to the RN C to request a dedicated channel. The RN C checks
available resources w ith adm ission controland sends an "RRC Connection Setup" m essage
on FAC H (w hich carries the logicalcontrolchannel). This m essage indicates the dedicated
channelto be setup, see Figure 8.
Figure 8
RRC Connection Request/Setup
By increasing the pow er of FACH 1, the U Es w illhave higher probability to receive RRC
C onnection Setup, as an answ er to a RRC Connection Request, especially in low coverage
areas. This w illlead to better Accessibility KPIs.
3.3.3
Proposed Changes
C hange maxFach1Power from 18 to 38 (1.8 dB 3.8 dB).

In som e netw orks, maxFach1Power has been set to 5.3 dB relative C PIC H pow er w ith
even better accessibility results. H ow ever, this setting is not recom m ended for high capacity
cells w here dow nlink pow er m ay be a lim ited resource. It is recom m ended to change the
param eter maxFach1Power in sm aller steps (for exam ple 1 dB steps) and balance
im proved accessibility against increased dow nlink pow er.
N ote that FACH 1 is pow er regulated and that the param eter maxFach1Power only sets the
m axim um allow ed pow er, that is, even though the increase of maxFach1power is large,
the increase in average m easured non-H SD PA pow er m ay be quite sm all. The increase in
average non-H SD PA pow er depends on U E coverage, but also on the activity on the FACH 1
channel.
3.3.4
Observability
M AC-H S throughput
N on-H S pow er
Failures due to lack of D L pow er at RRC using pmNoRrcReqDeniedAdmDlPwr and
pmNoFailedRabEstAttemptLackDlPwr
Page 14 of 35
O verallfailures at RRC, for exam ple pmTotNoRrcConnectReqCs and

pmTotNoRrcConnectReqCsSucc.
Failures after adm ission m easured w ith pmNoFailedAfterAdm.
The counter pmNoFailedAfterAdm is increm ented if resources are allocated in the
RBS, but FACH 1 cannot com plete the setup due to too low pow er (the U E does not
receive the RRC Connection Setup m essage).
3.4 Improved RACH Capacity

3.4.1
Improvement Area
Accessibility
3.4.2
Background
W ith the increase of new term inals, like Sm artphones, the num ber of PS users w illincrease
in the netw ork. D ue to this, m ore capacity is needed in C ELL_D CH and CELL_FACH .
The param eter spreadingFactor changes the spreading factor and slot form at on the RAC H
channel. RACH capacity is im proved by changing spreadingFactor from default 64 to 32.
This changes RACH slot form at from 20 m s to 10 m s, w hich reduces the risk for RACH
collisions and therefore accessibility is im proved.
Value m apping:
SF32: TTI = 10 m s
SF64: TTI = 20 m s
N ote that setting spreadingFactor = 32 m ay reduce RAC H coverage. If this is the case it is
recom m ended to tune param eter powerOffsetPpm, w hich sets the pow er levelfor the
RAC H m essage based on the received pre-am ble pow er.
3.4.3
Proposed Change
C hange spreadingFactor for RAC H from 64 to 32.

3.4.4
Observability
Random access failure m essages
U L RSSI
M AC H S C ellthroughput
Latency
Page 15 of 35
3.5 Minimum Downlink Power for R99 RABs

3.5.1
Improvement Area
Retainability
3.5.2
Background
It is recom m ended to keep the m inim um transm itted D L radio link pow er no m ore than 25
dB from m axim um transm ission pow er. If m inim um D L transm itted code pow er is set to an
insufficient level, there is a risk (depending on the m obile vendor) of U Es causing a sudden
rush in D L pow er behavior. This m ay result in D L cellcongestion being unnecessarily
detected. The m inim um dow nlink pow er is decided by the param eter minPwrRl and is set
relative C PIC H . Som e live netw ork tests have show n that this m ay have an im pact on
retainability.
3.5.3
Proposed Change
The default value for minPwrRl (-15 dB) assum es that CPICH is set to -10 dB relative
m axim um dow nlink pow er (that is 10% of totaldow nlink pow er is used for CPICH ). If low er
C PICH pow er is used, for exam ple 5% of totaldow nlink pow er (-13 dB), it is recom m ended
that the param eter minPwrRl is adjusted. The follow ing rule should be used w hen tuning
minPwrRl:
minPwrRl = m ax D L Tx Pow er - primaryCpichPower- 25
Example:
The m axim um D L TX pow er is 40 dBm .
a. If primaryCpichPower is set to 30 dBm (10% of totalD L Tx pow er), then minPwrRl
should be set to: 40 - 30 - 25 = -15 dB.
b. If primaryCpichPower is set to 27 dBm (5% of totalD L Tx pow er), then minPwrRl
should be set to: 40 - 27 - 25 = -12 dB.
3.5.4
Observability
3.6 Increasing maxActiveSet

3.6.1
Improvement Area
Retainability
3.6.2
Background
Page 16 of 35
The param eter maxActiveSet sets the m axim um num ber of cells in active set. It has been
observed in field trials that increasing this param eter from default 3 to 4 has had a positive
im pact on retainability (in particular CS retainability).
W hen the param eter maxActiveSet is increased it m eans that the soft handover overhead
increases in the netw ork, resulting in m ore resources being used in the uplink and dow nlink.
Therefore it is im portant to evaluate resource consum ption before and after the change. In
particular the follow ing resources should be m onitored: CE usage, D L code utilization, M P
load in RN C and Iub load.
3.6.3
Proposed Change
C hange param eter maxActiveSet from 3 to 4 (3 4 radio links in active set).

3.6.4
Observability
C E usage
D L code utilization
M P load in RN C
Iub blocking
N um ber of 1a, 1b and 1c events
SH O overhead
N um ber of radio links in AS
Pow er efficiency (D L non-H S pow er relative to R99 Traffic)
3.7 Tuning of Event 1b

3.7.1
Improvement Area
Retainability
3.7.2
Background
The param eter timeToTrigger1b sets the tim e betw een detection of event 1b and sending
of the m easurem ent report. W hen a P-C PIC H , included in the Active Set, leaves
reportingRange1b - hysteresis1b/2, and the m easured value is outside
reportingRange1b - hysteresis1b/2 during a tim e at least equalto timeToTrigger1b,
event 1b occurs. The U E sends a M EASU REM EN T REPO RT m essage for event 1b to the
SRN C, see Reference [6].
Figure 9
Page 17 of 35
Reporting 1a and 1b Concepts.
It has been observed in field trials that slow ing dow n the radio link deletion (event 1b) m ay
have a positive effect on retainability. If the radio link becom es tem porarily shadow ed, for
exam ple by buildings, it can be better to keep the radio link longer instead of releasing it,
and then adding it back (using event 1a) w hen the radio conditions have im proved again.
W hen the radio link is released it w illact as an interferer untilit is added back to the Active
Set. This can cause dropped calls in situations w here the radio link quality changes quickly.
N ote that this param eter change should only be m ade w hen maxActiveSet is set to
m axim um 4. O therw ise the num ber of 1c events (Replace) m ay increase too m uch, see
Section 3.6.
3.7.3
Proposed Change
C hange timeToTrigger1b from 12 to 14 (640 m s 2560 m s).

M ake sure that maxActiveSet is set to 4.
The change needs to be carefully evaluated, since it m ay give retainability im provem ents in
som e areas and retainability degradations in others. The param eter change can also be
perform ed in sm aller steps, for exam ple 640 m s 1280 m s 2560 m s.
Another w ay to slow dow n the radio link deletion is to increase the param eter
reportingRange1b (for exam ple from 5 dB to 6 dB).
3.7.4
Observability
C S & PS Callaccessibility
Page 18 of 35
C S drop callreason
N um ber of radio links in AS
3.8 Initial Power at IFHO

3.8.1
Improvement Area
Retainability
3.8.2
Background
The param eter cNbifho is included in the pow er controlalgorithm for initialpow er setting at
inter frequency handover and C N hard handover.
The initialD PD C H pow er at Inter Frequency H andover is decided by the follow ing form ula:
P_D L_D PD C H = primaryCpichPower + (dlInitSirTarget - Ec/N o_PCPICH ) + cNbifho +
10 log(2/SF_D L_D PD CH ) [ dB]
w here:
primaryCpichpower
is the dow nlink output pow er used for the

PCPICH in the target frequency cell.
dlInitSirTarget
is the required initialSIR target for the D L

D PD C H .
Ec/N o_PCPICH
is the m easured Ec /N0 on PCPICH in the

target frequency cellreceived in the U E.
SF_D L_D PD CH
is the SF for the D L D PD CH .
cNbifho
is a correction factor that takes the non-blind

inter-frequency handover m argins into
account.
Field trials have show n that by setting cNbifho to a higher value than default it is possible
to increase the reliability of the inter-frequency handover, thus reducing the num ber of
dropped calls caused by unsuccessfulinter-frequency attem pts.
3.8.3
Proposed Change
C hange cNbifho from 10 to 15 (1 dB 1.5 dB)

3.8.4
Observability
D L pow er utilization
Inter Frequency H andover success ratio
Page 19 of 35
4 Improvements for Multi-RAB

4.1 Overview
This section describes retainability and accessibility im provem ents that have an im pact
m ainly on M ulti-RAB connections.
4.2 Disable High-rate Multi-RABs

4.2.1
Improvement Area
Retainability
4.2.2
Background
Field trials have show n that M ulti-RAB drops constitute a large portion of the totaldropped
Speech calls in a netw ork. It has been seen that the drop callrate on M ulti-RAB can be
severaltim es larger than a single Speech RAB. The m ain reasons for this are:
M ulti-RABs w ith low SF on U L are less U L SRB protected, resulting in higher calldrop
probability in poor radio conditions.
A high num ber of M ulti-RAB states increase the probability of drop calldue to m any
radio bearer transitions.
The proposed change has show n good retainability im provem ent in field.
4.2.3
Proposed Change
D eactivate allm ulti-RAB com binations w ith an uplink rate larger than 64 kbps.
D eactivation is done by disabling corresponding U eRc.
4.2.4
Observability
M AC-H S throughput
4.3 Enable 16 kbps and Flexible Initial Rate Selection

4.3.1
Improvement Area
Retainability
4.3.2
Background
Page 20 of 35
As discussed in Section 4.2, one reason for increased drop callrate for m ulti-RAB is the use
of low SF and a high num ber of transitions betw een m ulti-RAB states.
In order to low er SF even m ore for m ulti-RABs, it is recom m ended to enable U eRc 113:
Speech + 16/H S. This w illincrease the U L SRB protection com pared to using Speech +
64/H S due to low er data rate. To reduce the num ber of transitions on m ulti-RAB, it is
recom m ended to enable the feature Flexible InitialRate Selection, and use 16 kbps as
preferred rate for both U L and D L. Typically a large portion of the Sm artphone traffic
consists of background traffic, w ith sm allam ounts of sent/received data. This m eans that
the U E is often dow nsw itched to 16 kbps if not used as preferred rate, increasing the
num ber of transitions and the risk for dropped call. In fact, w hen analyzing the drop call
reason for m ulti-RAB in som e live netw orks, one of the m ost com m on drops due to channel
sw itching is the reconfiguration from Speech + 64/H S to Speech + 16/H S, m ost probably
short after RAB establishm ent. Therefore in these cases Flexible InitialRate Selection w ould
allow to establish on Speech + 16/H S directly, rem oving the channelsw itch from 64 kbps to
16 kbps and reducing the drop callrate.
4.3.3
Proposed Change
Enable U eRc 113: Speech + 16/H S.

Enable feature: Flexible InitialRate Selection.
C hange rateSelectionPsInteractive.ulPrefRate from 64 to 16 (64 kbps 16 kbps).
C hange rateSelectionPsInteractive.dlPrefRate from 64 to 16 (64 kbps 16 kbps).
Another option is to establish on FACH directly, by using the feature D ynam ic PS I/B RAB
Establishm ent. This reduces code and pow er utilization dram atically, but increases latency.
It is recom m ended to use initialallocation on FAC H only in extrem ely busy cells and only on
a tem porary basis. RACH is m ore sensitive to noise rise than D C H , so PS retainability
degrades w ith high uplink noise rise.
4.3.4
Observability
4.4 Tuning of Activation Time

4.4.1
Improvement Area
Retainability
4.4.2
Background
The activation tim e for a new radio link is decided by a Connection Fram e N um ber (C FN ) and
is calculated by the system . The CFN w hen the reconfiguration should be done is calculated
based on a num ber of factors, like m essage length, RLC retransm issions, and so on.
Page 21 of 35
W hen sw itching betw een different RAB com binations and setting the activation tim e
(decided by CFN ), it is possible to add an extra m argin to the calculated value by the
param eter cfnOffsetMarginSrbDchDl w hen the SRB is on D CH D L. The C FN offset (& D gr;
C FN ) is then calculated as:
& D gr; CFN = calculated value + cfnOffsetMarginSrbDchDl
If the CFN offset is not long enough, the RBS w illchange configuration before the U E and
the U E w illloose sync and there is a risk of dropped call. O n the other hand, setting the C FN
offset too long m ay also cause dropped calls.
Figure 10 show s how the param eter cfnOffsetMarginSrbDchDl is used w hen reconfiguring
radio link:
The RN C inform s the RBS that the existing radio link needs to be reconfigured by
sending a Radio Link Reconfiguration Prepare m essage.
The RBS responds w ith a Radio Link Reconfiguration Ready m essage, but w aits to
change the radio link.
W hen resources have been allocated in the RN C , a Radio Link Com m it M essage is sent
to the RBS. This m essage contains the C FN at w hich the radio link should be changed.
Enough m argin m ust be applied on the current CFN so that there is tim e to send the
Radio Bearer Setup m essage to the U E and for the U E to change radio link
configuration. The m argin, & D gr; CFN is decided by the calculated value +
cfnOffsetMarginSrbDchDl.
The U E sends a Radio Bearer Setup Com plete m essage to the RN C .
Figure 10
4.4.3
Reconfiguration of a Radio Link
Proposed Change
C hange cfnOffsetMarginSrbDchDl from 40 to 80 (40 fram es 80 fram es).
Page 22 of 35
Field trials have show n good im provem ent on CS retainability by doing this change. N o other
negative KPI im pacts have been observed.
O ne fram e equals 10 m s, m eaning that the activation tim e is prolonged 400 m s by this
change.
N ote that this change is not needed in netw orks w ith long TN delays, for exam ple w hen Iub
over satellite is used.
4.4.4
Observability
Latency for PS
4.5 Disable CQI Repetition

4.5.1
Improvement Area
Retainability
4.5.2
Background
The RBS can initiate updates of the C Q I Repetition Factor, C Q I Feedback C ycle and
AC K/N AC K Repetition Factors, see Reference [3] . The param eter updates are initiated by
the C Q I reception perform ance.
C Q I Repetition Factor, C Q I Feedback Cycle and ACK/N ACK Repetition Factors are:
Increased if the num ber of consecutive CQ I errors > cqiErrors.
Reduced if no C Q I errors for at least cqiErrorsAbsent consecutive CQ I reports.
The update of C Q I Repetition Factor, C Q I Feedback cycle and ACK/N ACK repetition factors
are tim er supervised physicalchannelreconfiguration procedures (hard-coded Layer 3
tim er). If the tim er tim es out, the callis dropped, w hich is typicalif the U E is in poor radio.
This is a reason to disable CQ I repetition.
The RBS triggered updates can be turned off by setting the param eters cqiErrors and
cqiErrorsAbsent to 0.
N ote that there is a dependency to the param eters initialCqiRepetitionFactor and
initialAcknackRepetitionFactor, w hich sets the initialnum ber for CQ I and ACK/N ACK
repetitions. If CQ I repetition is turned O FF, the num ber of C Q I/ACK/N ACK m essages w ill
alw ays be the sam e as set by param eters initialCqiRepetitionFactor and
initialAcknackRepetitionFactor(since the RBS can not update the values). N orm ally there
is no reason to use initialrepetition. Therefore it is recom m ended to use default 1 for
initialCqiRepetitionFactor and initialAcknackRepetitionFactor.
4.5.3
Proposed Changes
Page 23 of 35
C hange cqiErrors from 10 to 0 (10 consecutive CQ I errors RBS triggered updates turned
off).
C hange cqiErrorsAbsent from 10 to 0 (10 consecutive CQ I reports w ith no errors RBS
triggered updates turned off).
Assure that initialCqiRepetitionFactor and initialAcknackRepetitionFactor are set to 1
(default value).
O nly U eRcs containing H S-D SC H are affected by the change.
The reconfiguration procedure is only triggered if H S-D PCC H perform ance becom es bad,
m eaning that the im pact of the param eter change m ay differ betw een cells, depending on
radio quality.
Field trials have show n quite sm allim provem ents from this change.
4.5.4
Observability
U L RSSI
M AC H S C ellthroughput
EU L H ARQ retransm ission rate
Latency for PS
4.6 Tuning of Pathloss Parameter for IFLS

4.6.1
Improvement Area

4.6.2
Background
W hen going from single RAB Speech to m ulti-RAB Speech + H S, the set up of H SD PA m ay
trigger H SD PA Inter-frequency Load Sharing (IFLS) and change of serving cell. This m ay
cause dropped calls, especially if the IFLS attem pt is m ade close to the cellborder in
m obility situations. It has also turned out that one of the m ain reasons for garbled speech is
failed IFLS.
To reduce the probability for dropped calls it is recom m ended to tune pathloss param eters
so that a safety m argin is introduced tow ards m aking IFLS too close to cellborder. The
param eter tuning depends on w hich system release is used:
Pre W12B: tune param eter pathlossThreshold so that IFLS is only attem pted w hen
not close to cellborder.
W12B: disable IFLS for m ulti-RAB by setting param eter hsIflsSpeechMultiRabTrigg
to 0 (O FF). The param eter hsPathlossThreshold is tuned to only m ake IFLS
Page 24 of 35
attem pts for single RAB H S w hen not close to cellborders. (Both above param eters
are valid for W 12B.)
Note:
4.6.2.1
pathlossThreshold and hsPathlossThreshold are only checked during RABestablishm ent, and not during upsw itch from FACH and U RA. This m eans that the
im pact from pathlossThreshold and hsPathlossThreshold tuning m ay be less
evident on accessibility and retainability KPIs w hen U RA is enabled, since there w ill
be few er transitions to Idle state (w hich is the only state from w here the pathloss is
checked w hen establishing a new connection).
Pre-W 12B
A pathloss check is m ade against the param eter pathlossThreshold at the follow ing
occasions:
H S C ellSelection
H SD PA Inter-Frequency Load Sharing
N on- H SD PA Inter-Frequency Load Sharing
The path loss m easurem ents are based on C PIC H pow er and U E RSC P m easurem ents and
decide w hether a blind IFH O is allow ed or not. The intention w ith the param eter is to avoid
changing cellon calls w ith poor radio quality, since it m ay increase the probability for failed
cellchange attem pts and dropped calls.
The pathlossThreshold is m ost criticalat cellborders in m obility situations w hen the U E
m oves from one cellin to another. A callm ay be dropped if a blind IFH O is attem pted and
during the attem pt the U E m oves into a neighboring cell. In that case the U E w illtry to
m ake a blind IFH O to a cellthat is no longer the best from a radio perspective, resulting in a
failed IFH O . W hen the U E then tries to return to the originating cell, best cellhas changed
and the callis dropped.
Ideally the pathlossThreshold value should be calculated from m easured or estim ated cell
border RSCP values, CPICH pow er at TX reference and a safety m argin, S :
pathlossThreshold = PCPICH, TXref - RSCPcellBorder - S .
The safety m argin S is used to back-off the possibility to m ake blind IFH O from the cell
border. Recom m ended value for S is 10 dB.
If for exam ple CPICH pow er at TX reference point is 30 dBm and RSCP at cellborder is -100
dBm , the value to use for pathlossThreshold is calculated as follow s:
pathlossThreshold = PCPICH, TXref - RSCPcellBorder - S = 30 - (-100) - 10 = 120 dB
If no m easured or estim ated cellborder RSCP values are available, pathlossThreshold can
be low ered to around 120 - 130 dB. This has show n positive effect on retainability at live
field trials.
4.6.2.2
W 12B
In W 12B it is possible to deactivate triggering of H S IFLS w hen a H S connection is added to

a Speech connection. This is done w ith the param eter hsIflsSpeechMultiRabTrigg. It is
recom m ended to set hsIflsSpeechMultiRabTrigg to 0 (O FF) to im prove Speech
retainability since, from a Speech drop rate perspective, it is better to finish the Speech call
in one carrier before considering IFH O for the H S part.
Page 25 of 35
Even though m ulti-RAB IFH O is disabled w ith the param eter hsIflsSpeechMultiRabTrigg,
a tuned path loss check can be used for im proving retainability for single RAB H S, and for
im proving accessibility for both R99 and H S (due to larger share of successfulIFH O
attem pts). It is therefore recom m ended to perform sim ilar tuning as in pre-W 12B. In W 12B
the pathloss threshold can be configured per coverage relation using the param eter
hsPathlossThreshold . It is recom m ended to low er hsPathlossThreshold and
pathlossThreshold from 170 to around 120 - 130 dB. N ote that for a H S connection the
system w illlim it IFH O to the pathloss decided by the m inim um of param eters
hsPathlossThreshold and pathlossThreshold. If pathlossThreshold is set to a sm aller
value than hsPathlossThreshold IFH O w illnever be lim ited hsPathlossThreshold .
4.6.3
Proposed Change
Pre-W12B : change pathlossThreshold from 170 to 120 -130 (170 dB 120 - 130 dB).
W12B: change hsIflsSpeechMultiRabTrigg from 1 to 0 (O N to O FF). C hange
hsPathlossThreshold and pathlossThreshold from 170 to 120 - 130 (170 dB 120 130 dB).
4.6.4
Observability
IFLS (at RRC ) perform ance
H S C ellSelection perform ance
H SD PA IFLS perform ance
N on-H SD PA IFLS perform ance
C ounter form ulas can be found in Reference [5] and Reference [7].
4.7 Balanced Carrier Strategy

4.7.1
Improvement Area

4.7.2
Background
It is recom m ended to use equalidle m ode distribution, balanced H SD PA Inter Frequency

Load Sharing and to, as far as possible, have equalcapabilities (H S and EU L) on the
carriers. Field trials have show n that this can im pact m ulti-RAB retainability significantly.
Balancing the load betw een carriers as m uch as possible, both in idle m ode and connected
m ode, m eans less blind Inter Frequency H andovers. This reduces the risk of dropped calls,
especially in cellborder areas, See Section 4.6.
The initialtraffic balancing is perform ed by cellreselection in idle m ode, FACH and U RA,
using qOffset and possibly priority from H ierarchicalCellStructure (H CS). D uring RAB
establishm ent, H SD PA IFLS and non-H SD PA IFLS, blind IFH O can be triggered if the load is
unbalanced betw een carriers. The trigger for H SD PA IFLS is based on U E and carrier
Page 26 of 35
capability and num ber of H SD PA users. The trigger for non-H SD PA IFLS are R99 dow nlink
pow er and R99 code utilization.
4.7.3
Proposed Change
U se the follow ing:

a. Equalidle m ode distribution
b. Balanced H SD PA Inter Frequency Load Sharing
c. Equalcapabilities on the carriers
4.7.4
Observability
IFLS (at RRC ) perform ance
H S C ellSelection perform ance
H SD PA IFLS perform ance
N on-H SPA IFLS perform ance
C ounter form ulas can be found in Reference [5] and Reference [7].
5 Improving Radio Environment

5.1 Overview
This section includes recom m endations on how to im prove radio environm ent. An
im provem ent of the radio environm ent (low er interference in uplink and dow nlink) is
beneficialfrom a retainability and accessibility perspective.
5.2 Power Offset

5.2.1
Improvement Area

5.2.2
Background
The param eter pO3 sets the pow er offset betw een pilot bits and data bits in the dow nlink.
The param eter pO2 sets the pow er offset betw een TPC bits and data bits in the dow nlink.
It has been observed in previous field trials that tuning these param eter has a very positive
effect on used A-D C H pow er in the dow nlink. The A-D CH pow er can be substantialin cells
w ith m any H SD PA users. The change im proves H SD PA perform ance since less non-H S pow er
is used in the dow nlink. The reduced pow er consum ption also has a positive effect on
dow nlink interference, that is, dow nlink interference is low ered, resulting in better
retainability and accessibility KPIs. See Figure 11 below .
Figure 11
5.2.3
Page 27 of 35
A-DCH Power Reduced by Reducing pO2 and pO3
Proposed Change
C hange pO3 to 0 (0 dB).

C hange pO2 from 12 to 6 (3 dB 1.5 dB).
5.2.4
Observability
To evaluate the im pact of the changes on param eter pO3, the follow ing should be
m onitored:
C S & PS accessibility, EU L accessibility
C S & PS retainability, EU L retainability
N on-H S pow er
H SD PA user - and cellthroughput
5.3 Reduce EUL Max SIR Target

5.3.1
Improvement Area

5.3.2
Background
The uplink SIR is lim ited by sirMax for EU L 10 m s users and by sirMaxTti2 for EU L 2 m s
users. It is recom m ended to tune in particular sirMaxTti2, since it has been observed in
field that default value is too high and m ay cause instability and high noise rise peaks.
Tuned values w illresult in low er RSSI, w hich in turn w illhave a positive effect on
retainability for allRABs.
5.3.2.1
Proposed Change
N orm aloperation: C hange sirMaxTti2 from 173 to 120 (17.3 dB 12 dB).

H igh capacity: Change sirMaxTti2 from 173 to 80 (17.3 dB 8 dB).
Page 28 of 35
Ensure that sirMax is set to 100 (10 dB).

The 17.3 dB setting for sirMaxTti2 is too high, even for single user peak rate dem os. A
m ore suitable value w ould be 14 dB. For norm alnetw ork operation 12 dB is a w ellbalanced
value (betw een capacity and peak rate). In high capacity cells w ith m any EU L users
sirMaxTti2 can be low ered to 8 dB to ensure that noise rise is kept w ellw ithin bounds.
For EU L 10 m s, it is recom m ended to use sirMax 10 dB, both w ith and w ithout EU L. For
high capacity cells w hen U L 384 kbps and U L 128 kbps are disabled it m ay be possible to
low er sirMax even further.
5.3.3
Observability
U L RSSI
H SD PA & EU L cellthroughput
5.4 Increase EUL Transmission Target Error

5.4.1
Improvement Area

5.4.2
Background
U plink outer loop pow er controlregulates the SIR target for EU L and is steered by the
Transm ission Target Error, w hich sets the quality of the radio link in term s of H ARQ
retransm issions.
Transm ission target error is controlled by the param eters transmissionTargetError for
EU L 10 m s users and transmissionTargetErrorTtti2 for EU L 2 m s users.
Field trials have show n that it is beneficialfrom an uplink interference and EU L throughput
perspective to increase TTE in the cellif there are m ore than 4 - 5 EU L users in it. The only
negative im pact is low er EU L peak rate. The low er uplink interference has a positive effect
on retainability.
5.4.3
Proposed Change
C hange transmissionTargetError from 10 to 100 (1% 10% ).

C hange transmissionTargetErrorTti2 from 20 to 50 (2% 5% ).
For high capacity netw orks w ith m any EU L 2 m s users it is also possible to set
transmissionTargetErrorTti2 to 100 (10% ).
5.4.4
Observability
Page 29 of 35
U L RSSI
H SD PA & EU L cellthroughput
EU L H ARQ retransm ission rate
Latency for PS
5.5 Uplink Initial SIR Target

5.5.1
Improvement Area

5.5.2
Background
Field trials have show n that initialSIR target has a significant im pact on uplink interference,
especially in highly loaded cells. Low ering uplink interference has a positive effect on
retainability and accessibility.
The initialSIR target is set w ith the follow ing param eters:
ulInitSirTargetSrb for standalone SRB
ulInitSirTargetLow for RABs having SF 32
ulInitSirTargetHigh for RABs having SF = 16 or 8
ulInitSirTargetExtraHigh for RABs having SF 4
5.5.3
Proposed Changes
C hange ulInitSirTargetSrb to 30 (3 dB).

C hange ulInitSirTargetLow to 20 (2 dB).
C hange ulInitSirTargetHigh to 70 (7 dB).
C hange ulInitSirTargetExtraHigh to 70 (7 dB).
This setting is recom m ended for high capacity netw orks.
5.5.4
Observability
U L RSSI
Page 30 of 35
5.6 Downlink Initial SIR Target

5.6.1
Improvement Area

5.6.2
Background
D ow nlink interference can be reduced by tuning the param eter dlInitSirTarget. Field trials
have show n that the dlInitSirTarget m ay be to large (depending on netw ork) and that
excessive pow er is transm itted in the dow nlink at the start of transm ission.
The initialdow nlink D PD C H pow er depends on m easured Ec /N 0 , Spreading Factor, CPICH
pow er, the param eter dlInitSirTarget and a backoff factor]. By low ering dlInitSirTarget it
is possible to low er dow nlink pow er and in this w ay low er dow nlink interference.
5.6.3
Proposed Change
C hange dlInitSirTarget from 41 to 20 (4.1 dB 2 dB).

5.6.4
Observability
Pow er blocking and non-H S pow er consum ption
H SD PA throughput
M obility (SH O , IFH O ) perform ance
D L BLER
5.7 BLER Target Interactive

5.7.1
Improvement Area

5.7.2
Background
Pow er controlensures that an agreed quality is kept on the connection in term s of Block
Error Rate (BLER). By adjusting BLER target it is possible to controltransm itted pow er on
uplink and dow nlink.
Field trials have show n that it is possible to increase BLER target for interactive RABs to
reduce the transm itted pow er on uplink and dow nlink. This has resulted in im proved RSSI in
uplink and low er pow er consum ption in dow nlink. The result has been seen in field as
Page 31 of 35
im proved accessibility in dow nlink, due to less pow er blocking at adm ission. The param eter
change also im proves capacity in uplink and dow nlink.
BLER is set w ith the follow ing param eters:
blerQualityTargetUl for U L BLER
blerQualityTargetDl for D L BLER
The param eters are set per U eRc and Transport Channel(U eRcTrCh) and are expressed as:
10*log(blerQualityTarget). For exam ple setting the param eter blerQualityTargetUl to
-20 w illresult in a U L BLER target of 1% (-20 = 10*log(0.01)). Sim ilarly, setting
blerQualityTargetUl to -13 w illresult in 5% U L BLER.
5.7.3
Proposed Change
For PS interactive RABs change:

blerQualityTargetUl and blerQualityTargetDl from 1% to 5% .
The BLER targets should be adjusted on the uplink and dow nlink for single PS D CH RABs
(both SRB and D CH transport channels).
For H SD PA RABs, field trials have show n that it is possible to change BLER target for AD CH
from 0.1% to 1% , and in som e cases allthe w ay to 5% w ith positive effect on consum ed
dow nlink pow er. This is true especially in cells w ith m any H SD PA users. N o negative im pact
has been seen in KPIs, although for H SD PA RABs it is recom m ended to do the change in
steps (0.1% 1% 5% ) w hile closely m onitoring H SD PA retainability.
For M ulti-RABs the BLER target is adjusted on the PS D C H transport channelonly. BLER
target should not be changed for SRB in this case, since it m ay have a negative effect on
Speech retainability.
The param eter changes are sum m arized in Table 4 below .
Table 4
Summary of Changes on blerQualityTargetUl and blerQualityTargetDl
RAB
TrCh
blerQualityTargetUl blerQualityTargetDl
PS D C H /D CH
SRB
1% 5%
1% 5%
PS D CH 1% 5%
1% 5%
PS D C H /H S
PS EU L/H S
M ulti-RABs Speech + PS D C H /D CH
M ulti-RABs Speech + PS D C H /H S
SRB
1% 5%
0.1% 1% 5%
PS D CH 1% 5%
SRB
0.1% 1% 5%
PS D CH -
SRB
PS D CH 1% 5%
1% 5%
SRB
PS D CH 1% 5%
In totalthere are m ore than 130 param eter changes involved, see Section 6 for m ore
details.
5.7.4
Observability
Page 32 of 35
RRC & RAB pow er blocking
U L RSSI
Latency for PS
6 BLER Target Interactive

Note:
Values in bold italics can be set, but are not used by the system . For consistency
reasons the value m ay be set to the sam e value as for U L/D L.
Note:
Table is valid for W 11.1 RABs.
Note:
Stream ing RABs are not included.
Table 5
RAB type
UeRc - label
UeRc UeRcTrChId
TrCh
blerQualityTargetUl blerQualityTargetDl
O ld value
SRB 13.6/13.6 SRB (13.6/13.6)
PS D CH /D C H
RAB
PS D CH /D C H
RAB
Interact. PS
(64/64)
Interact. PS
(64/128)
PS D CH /D C H
RAB
Interact. PS
(64/384)
M ulti-RAB
Speech + PS
D CH /D CH
Conv. CS speech
12.2 + Interact.
PS (64/64)
Single PS
D CH /H S RAB
Single PS
D CH /H S RAB
PS D CH /D C H
RAB
M ulti-RAB
Speech + PS
D CH /H S
Interact. PS
(64/H S)
Interact. PS
(384/H S)
Interact. PS
(128/128)
Conv. CS speech
12.2 + Interact.
PS (64/H S)
N ew value O ld value
N ew
value
SRB
-20
-13
-20
-13
SRB
-20
-13
-20
-13
Int.
64/64
-20
-13
-20
-13
SRB
-20
-13
-20
-13
Int.
64/128
-20
-13
-20
-13
SRB
-20
-13
-20
-13
Int.
64/384
-20
-13
-20
-13
Int.
64/64
-20
-13
-20
-13
SRB
-20
-13
-30
-20 / -13
Int. 64
(U L)
-20
-13
-20
-13
SRB
-20
-13
-30
-20 / -13
Int. 384
(U L)
-20
-13
-20
-13
SRB
-20
-13
-20
-13
Int.
128/128
-20
-13
-20
-13
19
Int. 64
(U L)
-20
-13
-20
-13
20
-20
-13
-20
-13
10
15
16
18
M ulti-RAB
Speech + PS
D CH /H S
Conv. CS speech
12.2 + Interact.
PS (384/H S)
PS EU L/H S
RAB
Interact. PS
(EU L/H S)
PS D CH /D C H
RAB
2* Interact. PS
(64/64)
M ulti-RAB
Speech + PS
D CH /D CH
Conv. CS speech
12.2 + 2*
Interact. PS
(64/64)
PS D CH /D C H
RAB
Interact. PS
(128/64)
PS D CH /D C H
RAB
PS D CH /D C H
RAB
PS D CH /D C H
RAB
PS D CH /D C H
RAB
Interact. PS
(384/64)
Interact. PS
(384/128)
PS Interactive
128/384
Interact. PS
(384/384)
Page 33 of 35
Int. 384
(U L)
25
SRB (D L)
-20
-13
-30
-20 / -13
SRB
-20
-13
-20
-13
Int.
64/64
-20
-13
-20
-13
Int.
64/64
-20
-13
-20
-13
SRB
-20
-13
-20
-13
Int.
128/64
-20
-13
-20
-13
SRB
-20
-13
-20
-13
Int.
384/64
-20
-13
-20
-13
SRB
-20
-13
-20
-13
Int.
384/128
-20
-13
-20
-13
SRB
-20
-13
-20
-13
Int.
128/384
-20
-13
-20
-13
SRB
-20
-13
-20
-13
Int.
384/384
-20
-13
-20
-13
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
M ulti-RAB
Speech + PS
D CH /D CH
Conv. CS speech
12.2 + Interact.
PS (64/128)
36
Int.
64/128
-20
-13
-20
-13
M ulti-RAB
Speech + PS
D CH /D CH
Conv. CS speech
12.2 + Interact.
PS (128/64)
37
Int.
128/64
-20
-13
-20
-13
M ulti-RAB
Speech + PS
D CH /D CH
Conv. CS speech
12.2 + Interact.
PS (64/384)
38
Int.
64/384
-20
-13
-20
-13
SRB
-20
-13
-20
-13
Int.
64/128
-20
-13
-20
-13
Int.
64/64
-20
-13
-20
-13
Int.
64/128
-20
-13
-20
-13
Int.
128/64
-20
-13
-20
-13
-20
-20
Int. 64
(U L)
-20
-13
-20
-13
Int. 384
(U L)
-20
-13
-20
-13
-20
-13
-20
-13
PS D CH /D C H
RAB
2* Interact. PS
(64/128)
39
M ulti-RAB
Speech + PS
D CH /D CH
Conv. CS Speech
(12.65, 8.85,
6.60) + Interact.
PS (64/64)
43
M ulti-RAB
Speech + PS
D CH /D CH
Conv. CS Speech
(12.65, 8.85,
6.60) + Interact.
PS (64/128)
44
M ulti-RAB
Speech + PS
D CH /D CH
Conv. CS Speech
(12.65, 8.85,
6.60) + Interact.
PS (128/64)
45
M ulti-RAB
Speech + PS
D CH /H S
Conv. CS Speech
(12.65, 8.85,
6.60) + Interact.
PS (64/H S)
47
M ulti-RAB
Speech + PS
D CH /H S
Conv. CS Speech
(12.65, 8.85,
6.60) + Interact.
PS (384/H S
48
51
M ulti-RAB
Speech + PS
D CH /D CH
Conv. CS Speech
(12.65, 8.85,
6.60) + 2*
Interact. PS
(64/64)
Single PS
D CH /H S RAB
Interact. PS
(128/H S)
Single PS
D CH /H S RAB
PS D CH /D C H
RAB
PS D CH /D C H
RAB
Interact. PS
(16/H S)
2* Interact. PS
(64/H S)
2* Interact. PS
(128/H S)
Page 34 of 35
Int.
64/64
SRB
-20
-13
-30
Int. 128
(U L)
-20
-13
-20
-13
SRB
-20
-13
-30
-20 / -13
Int. 16
(U L)
-20
-13
-20
-13
SRB
-20
-13
-30
-20 / -13
Int. 64
(U L)
-20
-13
-20
-13
SRB
-20
-13
-30
-20 / -13
Int. 128
(U L)
-20
-13
-20
-13
SRB
-20
-13
-20
-13
Int. 384
(U L)
-20
-13
-20
-13
52
53
54
55
-20 / -13
PS D CH /D C H
RAB
2* Interact. PS
(384/H S)
M ulti-RAB
Speech + PS
D CH /H S
Conv. CS Speech
12.2 + 2*
Interact. PS
(64/H S)
57
Int. 64
(U L)
-20
-13
-20
-13
M ulti-RAB
Speech + PS
D CH /H S
Conv. CS speech
12.2 + 2*
Interact. PS
(128/H S)
58
Int. 128
(U L)
-20
-13
-20
-13
M ulti-RAB
Speech + PS
D CH /H S
Conv. CS speech
12.2 + 2*
Interact. PS
(384/H S)
59
Int. 384
(U L)
-20
-13
-20
-13
M ulti-RAB
Speech + PS
D CH /H S
Conv. CS speech
12.2 + Interact.
PS (128/H S)
60
Int. 128
(U L)
-20
-13
-20
-13
M ulti-RAB
Speech + PS
D CH /H S
Conv. CS Speech
12.2 + 3*
Interact. PS
(64/H S)
61
Int. 64
(U L)
-20
-13
-20
-13
PS EU L/H S
RAB
2* Interact. PS
(EU L/H S)
62
SRB
-20
-13
-30
-20 / -13
SRB
-20
-13
-30
-20 / -13
PS D CH /H S
RAB
3* Interact. PS
(64/H S)
Int. 64
(U L)
-20
-13
-20
-13
SRB
-20
-13
-20
-13
Int.
16/16
-20
-13
-20
-13
SRB
-20
-13
-20
-13
Int.
16/64
-20
-13
-20
-13
SRB
-20
-13
-20
-13
Int.
64/16
-20
-13
-20
-13
71
Int.
64/64
-20
-13
-20
-13
74
SRB
-20
-13
-20
-13
-20
-13
-20
-13
PS D CH /D C H
RAB
PS D CH /D C H
RAB
PS D CH /D C H
RAB
Interact. PS
(16/16)
Interact. PS
(16/64)
PS Interactive
64/16
M ulti-RAB
Speech + PS
D CH /D CH
Conv. CS Speech
12.2 + 3*
Interact. PS
(64/64)
PS D CH /D C H
RAB
3* Interact. PS
(64/64)
56
66
67
68
69
Page 35 of 35
Int.
64/64
M ulti-RAB
Speech + PS
D CH /D CH
Conv. CS Speech
12.2 + 2*
Interact. PS
(128/128)
76
Int.
128/128
-20
-13
-20
-13
M ulti-RAB
Speech + PS
D CH /H S
Conv. CS speech
12.2 + Interact.
PS (16/H S)
113
Int. 16
(U L)
-20
-13
-20
-13
PS EU L/H S
RAB
3* Interact. PS
(EU L/H S)
128
SRB
-20
-13
-30
-20 / -13
Reference List
[1] User
[2] User
[3] User
[4] User
[5] User
[6] User
[7] User
[8] User
[9] User
Description, Capacity Management, 83/1553-H SD 101 02

Description, Connection Handling, 4/1553-H SD 101 02
Description, Power Control, 80/1553-H SD 101 02
Description, LA, RA and URA Planning, 2/100 56-H SD 101 02
Description, Radio Network KPI, 120/1553-H SD 101 02
Description, Handover, 76/1553-H SD 101 02
Description, Additional WCDMA Carrier Deployment, 148/100 56-H SD 101 02
Description, Load Sharing, 3/1553-H SD 101 02
Description, WCDMA RAN W12.1 Network Impact Report, 6/109 48-H SD 101 02
Copyright
Copyright Ericsson AB 2013. Allrights reserved. N o part of this docum ent m ay be reproduced in
any form w ithout the w ritten perm ission of the copyright ow ner.
D isclaim er
The contents of this docum ent are subject to revision w ithout notice due to continued progress in
m ethodology, design and m anufacturing. Ericsson shall have no liability for any error or dam age
of any kind resulting from the use of this docum ent.
Tradem ark List
Alltradem arks m entioned herein are the property of their respective ow ners. These are show n in
the docum ent Tradem ark Inform ation.
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Retainability and Accessibility

144/100 56-H SD 101 02 U en D

Retainability and Accessibility

Revision Inform ation

Stepw ise Approach

Increasing Supervision Tim ers - W 12B

M axim um D ow nlink Pow er for R99 RABs

Increased FAC H 1 Pow er

Im proved RACH Capacity

M inim um D ow nlink Pow er for R99 RABs

Improvements for Multi-RAB

D isable H igh-rate M ulti-RABs

Enable 16 kbps and Flexible InitialRate Selection

Tuning of Activation Tim e

Tuning of Pathloss Param eter for IFLS

Balanced C arrier Strategy

Improving Radio Environment

Reduce EU L M ax SIR Target

Increase EU L Transm ission Target Error

U plink InitialSIR Target

D ow nlink InitialSIR Target

BLER Target Interactive

BLER Target Interactive

Retainability and Accessibility

1.2 Target Groups

1.4 Revision Information

Reason for Revision

First edition of this docum ent

Retainability and Accessibility

Proposed Parameter Changes with Priority and Improvement Areas

System softw are

Retainability and Accessibility

D isable highrate M ultiRABs

3.1 Increasing Supervision Timers - W12B

Retainability and Accessibility

Retainability and accessibility

In W 12B L1 and L3 tim ers are operator param eters.

Proposed Parameter Changes W12B

Level Default Modified Operator/ Section

UE/UTRAN Radio Link Failure

Retainability and Accessibility

= nOutSyncInd * 10 m s + rlFailureT + dchRcLostT

= nOutSyncInd * 10 m s + rlFailureT + hsDschRcLostT

Retainability and Accessibility

UE Radio Link Failure

= N313 * 10 m s + T313 = 100 * 0.010 + 7 = 8 s

Tim er T313 and N313 are operator param eters.

DCH to DCH Synchronized Configurations

The tim er dchSynchReconfTime is a L3 tim er for supervision of allCELL_D C H to

DCH to DCH Non-synchronized Configurations

The tim er dchNonSynchReconfTime is a L3 tim er for supervision of allCELL_D CH to

RRC Connection Setup

Retainability and Accessibility

C hange rrcConnSetupTime from 5 to 9 (5 s 9 s).

3.2 Maximum Downlink Power for R99 RABs

By using the param eters minimumRate, minPwrMax, interRate, interPwrMax,

Retainability and Accessibility

Downlink Power Mapping Curve with Default Parameter Values

Step 1 - Increasing Speech Pow er

Downlink Power Mapping with Increased minPwrMax (from 0 dB to 3 dB)

Step 2 - Bringing Back A-D CH Pow er to D efault

Retainability and Accessibility

Step 3 - Low ering Pow er for H igh-rate R99