TIMBER

DESIGN
1. CE Board Nov.
2003
A rectangular wooden beam has a span of 6 m. and carries
a total uniform load of 25 kN/m including its own weight. The
beam is made up of 80% stress grade Apitong with allowable
stresses shown on table TM-6.

2)

Design the wooden joists so as not to exceed the

allowable shearing stress of 0.85 MPa.
a) 50 x 200 mm
c) 50 x 300 mm
b) 50 x 250 mm
d) 50 x 350 mm

3)

Design the wooden joists so as not to exceed the

allowable deflection of 10 mm. Ew = 12135 MPa.
a) 50 x 200 mm
c) 50 x 300 mm
b) 50 x 250 mm
d) 50 x 350 mm

4. Problem
The beam shown on the figure is subjected to a uniform load
of 5 kN/m.

Allowable Stress for Apitong 80% Stress Grade:

Allowable bending - 16.5 MPa
Compression parallel to grain = 9.56 MPa
Compression perpendicular to grain
=2.20MPa
Shear parallel to grain = 1.73 MPa
Modulus of elasticity = 7310 MPa
Allowable deflection = L/240
1)

2)

3)

Which of the following gives the smallest dimension of

beam that will not exceed the allowable bending stress?
a) 220 x 440 mm
c) 120 x 340 mm
b) 320 x 540 mm
d) 320 x 440 mm

1)

Which of the following gives the smallest dimension of

the beam that will not exceed the allowable shearing
stress?
a) 100 x 200 mm
c) 250 x 500 mm
b) 200 x 400 mm
d) 300 x 600 mm

Determine the placement "x" of the supports so that the

shear stress in the beam is as small as possible.
a) 1 m
c) 3 m
b) 2 m
d) 4 m

2)

Determine the minimum shear stress if h = 175 mm.

a) 0.86 MPa
c) 0.66 MPa
b) 0.96 MPa
d) 0.76 MPa

3)

Determine the value of "h" for a maximum flexural stress

of 7.5 MPa.
a) 100 mm
c) 300 mm
b) 200 mm
d) 400 mm

Which of the following gives the smallest dimension of

the beam that will not exceed the allowable deflection?
a) 100 x 200 mm
c) 250 x 500 mm
b) 200 x 400 mm
d) 300 x 600 mm

2. Problem
A floor is supported by 75 mm x 200 mm wooden joists
spaced at 400 mm on centers with an effective span of 3 m.
The total floor load transmitted to the joists is 5 kPa. Weight
of wood of 6.3 kN/m3. Ew = 12 x 103 MPa.
1)

Which of the following gives the maximum bending

stress?
a) 2.71 MPa
c) 4.71 MPa
b) 3.71 MPa
d) 5.71 MPa

2)

Which of the following gives the maximum shearing

stress?
a) 0.21 MPa
c) 0.51 MPa
b) 0.41 MPa
d) 0.31 MPa

3)

Which of the following gives the maximum deflection of

the joist?
a) 2.18 mm
c) 2.68 mm
b) 3.18 mm
d) 3.68 mm

5. Problem
The timber beam has a rectangular cross section having a
width of 150 mm and a height of "h". Allowable bending
stress is 10.5 MPa. and the allowable shearing stress is 0.35
MPa. Modulus of elasticity of wood is 13800 MPa.

1)

Compute the height "h" so that it simultaneously

reaches its allowable bending stress and allowable
shearing stress.
a) 150 mm
c) 250 mm
b) 200 mm
d) 300 mm

2)

Compute the maximum load P that the beam can

support.
a) 16 kN
c) 15 kN
b) 13 kN
d) 14 kN

3)

Compute the max. deflection of the beam, neglecting its

own weight.
a) 3.71 mm
c) 5.71 mm
b) 4.71 mm
d) 6.71 mm

3. Problem
Wooden joists are used to support a floor load of 6.95 kPa.
exclusive of its own weight. The joists will have an effective
span of 4.25 m. and be placed at0.40 m. on centers. Weight
of wood is 7.5 kN/m3.
1)

Design the wooden joists so as not to exceed the

allowable bending stress of 10.35 MPa.
a) 50 x 200 mm
c) 50 x 300 mm
b) 50 x 250 mm
d) 50 x 350 mm

3)

6. Problem
Four 50 mm x 200 mm section is to be framed to carry
maximum shear on a cantilever span of 4 m. Neglecting the
weight of the beam. Allowable shear stress is 0.70 MPa.
1)

Compute the safe concentrated load that the beam

could carry at a distance of 1.5 m. from the fixed support
if the beam is arranged as shown.

Which of the following gives the uniform load it could

support if deflection controls?
a) 3.32 kN/m
c) 2.32 kN/m
b) 4.32 kN/m
d) 5.32 kN/m

8. Problem
A 50 mm x 200 mm Guijo floor joists carries a dead load
including its own weight of 2.5 kPa and a live load of 2 kPa.
The joist has a simple span of 3.6 m. Weight bf wood is 7.5
kN/m3.
Allowable stress:
Bending = 15.8 MPa
Shear = 0.90 MPa
Modulus of elasticity of wood = 13800 MPa
Allowable deflection = 1/300 of span.

a)
b)
2)

c) 11.67 kN
d) 12.67 kN

Assume no impact allowance for live load.

Compute the safe concentrated load that the beam

could carry at distance of 1.5 m. from the fixed if the
beam is arranged as shown.

a)
b)
3)

14.32 kN
15.32 kN

14.32 kN
15.32 kN

c) 11.67 kN
d) 12.67 kN

Compute the safe concentrated load that the beam

could carry at a distance of 1.5 m. from the fixed support
if it is arranged as shown.

1)

Which of the following gives the spacing of the joists if

bending controls?
a) 0.52 m
c) 0.72 m
b) 0.62 m
d) 0.82 m

2)

Which of the following gives the spacing of the joists if

shear controls?
a) 0.54 m
c) 0.74 m
b) 0.64 m
d) 0.84 m

3)

Which of the following gives the spacing of the joists if

deflection controls?
a) 0.56 m
c) 0.76 m
b) 0.66 m
d) 0.86 m

9. Problem
A simply supported beam carrying a uniform load has a span
of 9 m. The beam has adequate lateral supports.
a)
b)

18.667 kN
15.333 kN

c) 19.667 kN
d) 16.333 kN

7. Problem

Allowable stress:
Bending = 10.21 MPa
Shear = 0.85 MPa
Modulus of elasticity of wood =13790 MPa
Allowable deflection = 1/360 of span

A masonry terrace of 75 mm concrete surface with 25 mm

cement tiles rests on a 75 mm x 200 mm lumber spaced at
300 mm on centers acting as simple beam with an effective
span of 3.6 m. Weight of wood is 7.5 kN/m3 and masonry to
be 24 kN/m3. Ew= 13800 MPa. The allowable stresses are
14 MPa for bending, 0.80 MPa for shear parallel to the grain
and deflection is 1/360 of span.
1)

2)

Which of the following gives the uniform load it could

support if bending stress controls?
a) 3.49 kN/m
c) 2.49 kN/m
b) 4.49 kN/m
d) 5.49 kN/m
Which of the following gives the uniform load it could
support if shear controls?
a) 3.61 kN/m
c) 2.61 kN/m
b) 4.61 kN/m
d) 5.61 kN/m

1)

2)

3)

Which of the following gives the depth of the beam so

that when the allowable bending stress is reached the
deflection of the beam is 1/360 of span?
a) 200 mm
c) 400 mm
b) 300 mm
d) 500 mm
Which of the following gives the value of the safe
uniform load it could carry if shearing stress governs for
a width of 250 mm?
a) 14.741 kN/m
c) 16.741 kN/m
b) 15.741 kN/m
d) 17.741 kN/m
Which of the following gives the value of the safe
uniform load it could carry it bending stress governs for
the same width?
a) 9.50 kN/m
c) 11.50 kN/m
b) 10.50 kN/m
d) 12.50 kN/m

10. CE Board
May 2006
A timber beam having a simple span of 4 m. carries a total
load including its own weight of
10 kN/m. lt has a width of 200 mm and a depth of 260 mm,
used dressed dimension by reducing its dimensions by 10
mm. The wooden section is made up of 80% grade Apitong.

2)

Compute the width of the beam so that it will not exceed

the allowable shearing stress.
a) 147 mm
c) 183 mm
b) 127 mm
d) 163 mm

3)

Compute the shearing stress at point C 50 mm below

the top of the beam.
a) 0.36 MPa
c) 0.42 MPa
b) 0.56 MPa
d) 0.62 MPa

Allowable bending stress, Fb = 16.5 MPa

13.

Problem

Modulus of elasticity of wood, Ew = 7310 MPa

Allowable shearing stress, Fv = 1.75 MPa
1)

Which of the following gives the max. flexural stress of

the beam?
a) 16.50 MPa
c) 12.80 MPa
b) 17.50 MPa
d) 13.80 MPa

2)

Which of the following gives the max. shearing stress of

the beam?
a) 2.73 MPa
c) 2.36 MPa
b) 1.73 MPa
d) 1.36 MPa

3)

3)

Which of the following gives the value of the

concentrated load it could carry at its midspan if the
allowable bending stress is 10.35 MPa?
a) 29.17 kN
c) 27.19 kN
b) 28.17 kN
d) 26.19 kN

2)

Which of the following gives the value of the shear force

at the support if there is a notch at the end of the beam
which is 100 mm deep if the allowable shearing stress is
1.10 MPa?
a) 29.17 kN
c) 27.19 kN
b) 28.17 kN
d) 26.19 kN

3)

Which of the following gives the value of the

concentrated load at the midspan that it could support if
there is a notch of 100 mm deep at the end support?
a) 42.38 kN
c) 47.97 kN
b) 52.38 kN
d) 57.97 kN

Problem

A 100 mm x 300 mm rectangular beam caries a uniformly

distributed load of W kN/m over its entire span. The beam
is freely supported at its ends. lf the. max. allowable bendlng
stress is 8.27 MPa and simullaneously the max. allowable
shearing stress is 0.70 MPa.

2)

1)

Which of the following gives the max. deflection of the

beam?
a) 16.43 mm
c) 15.66 mm
b) 18.43 mm
d) 17.66 mm

11.

1)

A wooden rectangular beam 200 mm x 350 mm has a simple

span of 6 m. Neglecting the weight of the beam.

Which of the following gives the value of max. vertical

shear?
a) 16 kN
c) 15 kN
b) 13 kN
d) 14 kN
Which of the following gives the value of the span of the
beam?
a) 6.45 m
c) 4.54m
b) 5.45 m
d) 3.54 m
Which of the following gives the value of W in kN/m?
a) 6.91
c) 8.91
b) 7.91
d) 9.91

12.

14.

Problem

A wooden beam having a span of 4 m. Is subjected to a

uniform load of 10 kN/m. lt has a triangular cross section
having a base width of 140 mm and an altitude of 300 mm.
Neglecling the weight of the beam.

Problem

A laminated wooden beam supports a uniform distributed

loading of 12 kN/m. Allowable bending stress is 9 MPa and
allowable shear stress is 0.6 MPa. Neglecting the weight of
the beam and assuming the beam lo have a height to width
ratio of 1.5.

1)

Compute the width of the beam so that it will not exceed

the allowable bending stress.
a) 147 mm
c) 183 mm
b) 127 mm
d) 163 mm

1)

Which of the following gives the section modulus of the

beam?
a)
525000 mm3
c) 636000 mm3
b)
252000 mm3
d) 363000 mm3

2)

Which of the following gives the flexural stress of the

beam?
a) 38.09 MPa
c) 35.47 MPa
b) 39.09 MPa
d) 36.47 MPa

3)

Which of the following gives the max. shearing stress

developed on the beam?
a) 1.73 MPa
c) 1.36 MPa
b) 1.43 MPa
d) 1.66 MPa

15.

Problem

A 150 mm x 350 mm wooden beam carries a concentrated

load of 30.36 kN at its midspan. It has a simple span of 8 m.
long. Allowable shear stress is 0.85 MPa.
1)

Which of the following gives the depth of notches at the

support if notching is allowed using the NSCP
specifications?
a) 100 mm
c) 300 mm
b) 200 mm
d) 400 mm

2)

Which of the following gives the allowable depth of

notches at the bottom and top faces of the beam at
quarter points?
a) 41 mm
c) 61 mm
b) 51 mm
d) 71 mm

3)

Which of the following gives the flexural stress at the

quarter points after deducting for notching?
a) 17.74 MPa
c) 19.74 MPa
b) 18.74 MPa
d) 20.74 MPa

16. CE Board
Nov. 2000
A timber beam has a circular cross section having a
diameter of 250 mm. lt has a simple span of 4 m. NSCP
specs. states that in a circular beam the strength is equal to
the strength of square section having the same area.
Allowable stresses of wood are as follows:
Shearing stress parallel to the grain fv= 1.73 MPa
Bending stress fb = 16.5 MPa
Allowable deflection 1/240 of span
Modulus of elasticity of wood = 7.31 GPa
1)

Which of the following gives the maximum uniform load

so that the allowable shear stress parallel to the grain is
not exceeded?
a) 31.56 kN/m
c) 25.31 kN/m
b) 34.56 kN/m
d) 28.31 kN/m

2)

Which of the following gives the max. uniform load so

that the allowable bending stress is not exceeded?
a) 16.37 kN/m
c) 11.95 kN/m
b) 19.37 kN/m
d) 14.95 kN/m

3)

Which of the following gives the max. uniform load so

that the allowable deflection is not exceeded?
a) 6.12 kN/m
c) 4.34 kN/m
b) 9.12 kN/m
d) 7.34 kN/m

17.

Problem

An old Apitong post 200 mm x 300 mm x 4.25 m. long has

been previously designed with an allowable compressive
stress of 9.56 MPa. and a modulus of elasticity of 7310 MPa.
It is designed to substitute the old post with a Yakal post of
the same length as the old post. Allowable compressive
stress for Yakal is 15.8 MPa with a modulus of elasticity of
9780 MPa.
1)

What is the capacity of Apitong?

a) 184400 N
c) 203300 N
b) 194400 N
d) 213300 N

2)

What size of Yakal post is required to replace Apitong?

a) 150 x 150 mm
c) 250 x 250 mm
b) 200 x 200 mm
d) 300 x 300 mm

3)

What is the percentage increase in the capacity of the

new post to the dd post?
a) 11.74%
c) 33.74%
b) 22.74%
d) 44.74%