Final Exam Revision Questions

MATH015-Autumn 2015

1. Use or in blank place to indicate whether the given object is an element of the
given set.
Ans.
4 ____ { x : x is a natural greater than 4 }
2. Use or in blank place to indicate whether the given object is an element of the
given set.
Ans.
5 ____
3. Is A B if A =
{1, 4, 5, 12} and B = {1, 4, 5, 13, 18, 22} ?
Ans. No
4. Use notation to indicate all containment relations between the following two sets.
=
D {=
a, e,1,3, c} , F {1, a, c, e,3}
Ans. D F and F D
5. If the sets A and B are nonempty and disjoint, what does A B equal?
Ans.
6. Find A B , the intersection of sets A and B.
A = {2,3, 4,5, 6} and B = {4, 6,8,10,12}
Ans. A B =
{4, 6}
7. Find A B , the intersection of sets A and B.
=
A {=
a, b, c, d , e} and B {c, h, d , g , e, r}
Ans. A B =
{c, d , e}
8. Find A B , the union of sets A and B.
=
A {=
a, f , h, o, u} and B {a, b, c, d }
Ans. A B =
{a, b, c, d , f , h, o, u}
9. Assume that A = {1, 2, 5, 7, 8} and that U is the universal set of natural numbers less
than 11. Find A '
Ans. A ' = {3, 4, 6,9,10}

10. Assume that

A = {1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 7}
B = {1, 2, 5, 7, 8}
C = {2, 3, 5, 6}
and that U is the universal set of natural numbers less than 11. Find:
a)

A B'.

Ans. A B ' =
{3}

b) ( A B ) ' . Ans. ( A B) ' =

{3, 4, 6,9,10}
c) ( A ' B) ' . Ans. ( A ' B ) ' =
{3}
d) A ( B ' C ') . Ans. A ( B ' C ') =
{1, 3, 7, 8}
11. Find A B if the universal set U = {1, 2,3, 4,5, 6, 7,8,9} .

A = {1, 2,3, 6,9}

B = {1, 2,5, 6, 7}
Ans. A B =
{3,9}
12. Find A B if the universal set U = {1, 2,3, 4,5, 6, 7,8,9} .

A = {6,5, 4,1,3, 2}
B = {1, 2,3, 4,5, 6}

Ans. A B =

13. Indicate whether the given expression is one or more of the following types of numbers:
rational, irrational, integer, natural.
15
a)
Ans. rational, integer, natural
3
b) 1.2290 Ans. rational
1
Ans. rational
4
d) 8.919876 Ans. irrational

c)

14. Evaluate the following expression.

52 3 ( 3)( 2 )
a)
2 22 4

Ans. 7

b) 56 7 8 52

Ans. 39

c) 8 25

Ans. 17

15. Write the interval which corresponds to x 9.

Ans. [9, )
16. Express the inequality using interval notation.
6 x 2
Ans.

[ 6, 2]

17. Express the graph below using interval notation.

Ans. [ 6, )

18. Write the inequality that describes the interval below.

(3, )
Ans. x > 3
19. Simplify the expression so that it contains only positive exponents ( x, y 0).

( xy )

5 0

Ans. 1

20. Use the rules of exponents to simplify the expression so that only positive exponents
remain.
y 3 y 3
Ans. 1
y6

21. Use the rules of exponents to simplify the expression so that only positive exponents
remain.
a7
a)
a 3

b)

Ans. a10

(y )

2 4

Ans.

1
y8

22. Simplify so that only positive exponents remain.

1
5832x18

a)

( 18x )

Ans.

b)

( 3a5b 3 )( 3a 2b 4 )

Ans.

c)

( 2m y )( 3m

Ans.

d)

( 6a

6 3

2 1 x 3

( 2x)

y 3 )

b c ) ( 2a 6b5 )

4 2

2 x 2 y 40
e) 2 4 20
2 x y

f)

Ans.

9a 7
b7

6
my 4

3c
a b

10 3

x12 y 40
Ans.
64

Ans.

1
8x 5

23. Evaluate the following expression if it represents a real number.

a)

323

Ans. 8

b)

275

Ans. not a real number

c) 84 / 3

Ans.16

24. Replace the radical with a fractional exponent. Do not simplify.

3

x4
Ans. x 4 / 3

25. Write the expression in radical form. Do not simplify.

x7 / 3
Ans. 3 x 7
26. Use the properties of exponents to simplify the expression so that only positive
exponents remain.
a) x 2 / 7 x 2 Ans. x12 / 7
b) z 4 z 3/ 5

c)

x 1/ 5
x 6 / 5

Ans.

1
z

17 / 5

Ans. x

27. Simplify the expression by using the properties of radicals. Assume nonnegative
variables.
a)

8x 6 y 6

Ans. 2x 2 y 2

b)

54x14 z11

Ans. 3 x 4 z 3 3 2 x 2 z 2

12 x3 y 3 x 2 y

Ans. 6x 2 y x

18 x 2 y 3 3 x 2 y

Ans. 3 x

10 xz10 30 x11 z

Ans. 10 x 6 z 5 3 z

c)

d)

e)

f)

g)

12 x13 y14
27 xy 2

16 xy13 z 4
50 x 7 y 2

Ans.

2 xy 2

2 x6 y 6
3

2 y5 z 2 2 y
Ans.
5 x3

28. Rationalize the denominator and then simplify.

6
a)
Ans.
3/8
4

b)

c)

6
6

Ans. 6

7 x5 w
9 xw2

(x > 0 and w > 0)

Ans.

7 x4 x
3

29. Simplify by combining like terms.

a) (2 x 4 + 4 x 4 y 3 ) + (2 x 4 y 3 5 x 4 )

Ans. 3 x 4 + 6 x 4 y 3

b) (6m 2 3n 2 + 5) (3m 2 + 8n 2 + 6)

Ans. 3m 2 11n 2 1

c) (6rs 2r 2 s 11rs 2 ) (11rs 2 2rs + 6r 2 s )

Ans. 8rs 8r 2 s 22rs 2

d) x 3 + 4 x ( x 3 4 x )

Ans. 8x

30. Perform the indicated operations and simplify.

a) ax 3 ( 5 x 2 + ax + ab )
Ans. 5ax5 + a 2 x 4 + a 2bx3
b)

( 5 y + 4 )( 3 y 2 )

Ans. 15 y 2 + 2 y 8

c)

( 2 x 1)( x 6 )

Ans. 2 x 2 13 x + 6

d) 3 ( x3 + 4 )( 3 x3 3)

e)

( 4x + 2)

f)

( 3 y + 1)

Ans. 9 x 6 + 27 x3 36

Ans. 16 x 2 + 16 x + 4

Ans. 9 y 2 + 6 y + 1

1
1

g) + x x
3
3

1
Ans. x 2
9

h) ( x 4)( x 2 + 4 x + 3)

Ans. x3 13 x 12

i)

(6x

j)

( x 5)

+ 2 xy + 10 x ) ( 2 xy )
2

Ans. x3 15 x 2 + 75 x 125

Ans. 125 x3 + 150 x 2 + 60 x + 8

k) (5 x + 2)3

l)

x1/ 2 ( x1/ 2 + 6 x 5/ 2 )

m)

x +3

3x3
5
Ans.
+ y+
y
y

)(

x 3

Ans. x + 6 x 3

Ans. x 9

31. Factor completely.

a) 6a 2b 40 x + 2bx 2

Ans. 2 ( 3a 2b 20 x + bx 2 )

b) 15 x5 + 35 xy 3 + 10 xy 4

Ans. 5 x ( 3 x 4 + 7 y 3 + 2 y 4 )

c) 6 y 5 z + 2 yz 3 4 y 5 z 3

Ans. 2 yz ( 3 y 4 + z 2 2 y 4 z 2 )

d) 7 x 3 21x 2 + 2 x 6

Ans. ( x 3) ( 7 x 2 + 2 )

e) 3 y 15 x 2 y + 5 x 2

Ans. ( 3 x 2 ) ( y 5 )

x3 x 2 2 x + 2

Ans. ( x 1) ( x 2 2 )

f)

g) x 2 + 8 x + 15

Ans. ( x + 3)( x + 5 )

h) x 2 2 x 8

Ans. ( x 4 )( x + 2 )

i)

20 x 2 + 13 x + 2

Ans. ( 4 x + 1)( 5 x + 2 )

j) 144a 2 25b 2

Ans. (12a + 5b )(12a 5b )

k) 49 x 2 16 y 2

Ans. ( 7 x 4 y )( 7 x + 4 y )

l)

2 x 7 + 8 x3

Ans. 2 x3 ( x 4 + 4 )

m) x 3 2 x 2 5 x + 10

Ans. ( x 2 5 ) ( x 2 )

n) 3 x 2 21x + 30

Ans. 3 ( x 2 )( x 5 )

o) 2 x 2 + 11x + 5

Ans. ( x + 5 )( 2 x + 1)

p) 4 z 2 25w2

q) a 3 + 125

r)

x 3 64

s) 4 x 3 108
t)

3 x 2 16 x + 5

Ans. ( 2 z 5w )( 2 z + 5w )
Ans. ( a + 5 ) ( a 2 5a + 25 )

Ans. ( x 4)( x 2 + 4 x + 16)

Ans. 4 ( x 3)( x 2 + 3 x + 9)
Ans. (3 x 1)( x 5)

32. Find the intercepts of the following functions. Graph.

a) 2 x 6 y =
24

b) 2 x y + 15 =
0

Ans. x-intercept: 12
y-intercept: 4

Ans. x-intercept: 7.5

y-intercept: 15

5
4

c) Graph x = - 3

d) Graph y = 2

x= - 3
2

y=2

33.

34.

Find the slope of the line passing through the given pair of points.
a)

( 28, 4 )

b)

( 4,5)

and ( 22, 22 )

and (11,12 )

Ans.3

Ans.1

Find the slope m and y-intercept b of the line whose equation is given below.
a) =
y

3
1
Ans. m = , b =
5
7

3
1
x
7
5

3
Ans. m = , b = 3
2

b) 3 x + 2 y =
6

35. Write the equation of the line with the given slope and y-intercept.
a) slope:

1
y-intercept: 2
6

Ans.=
y

1
x2
6

36. Write the equation for line that passes through the given point and has the slope
indicated.
a)

( 3,3) with slope

b)

( 5, 2 ) with slope 1

1
2

1
9
Ans. y =
x+
2
2

Ans. y= x 7

37. Write the equation of the line passing through the given pair of points.
a)

( 3, 2 ) and ( 0, 7 )

Ans. y = 3 x + 7

b)

( 5,8) and (11, 2 )

Ans. y = x + 13

38. Determine whether the following pairs of equations represent parallel lines,
perpendicular lines, or neither of these.
a) 2 x + 5 y =
10; 5 x 2 y =
10

Ans. perpendicular lines

b) 2 x 8 y =
3; 4 x 16 y =
3

Ans. parallel lines

39. Write an equation of the line through ( 2,1) that is parallel to 4 x 5 y =

6.
Ans. y =

4
13
x+
5
5

40. Write an equation of the line through ( 6,5 ) that is perpendicular to=
x 5 y + 5.
Ans. y = 5 x + 35
41. Write an equation of the line in each of the following cases:
a) slope = 0 and passes through ( 2, 3). Ans. y = 3
b) slope = undefined and passes through ( - 10, 8). Ans. x = - 10
c) vertical and passes through ( -5, 7). Ans. x = - 5
d) horizontal and passes through ( -5,7). Ans. y = 7

42. Solve each system of equations.

5
x y =
a)
2
2 x + y =

Ans. (1, 4 )

2
5 x y =
b)
4
10 x 2 y =

Ans. There are infinitely

many solutions to the equations.

15
5 x y =
c)
11
8 x + y =

Ans. ( 2, 5 )

66
8 x + 6 y =
d)
12
2 x 8 y =

Ans. ( 6,3)

9
x + 2y =
e)
21
3 x + 6 y =

Ans. There is no solution to the

equations.

43. Suppose a stereo receiver manufacturer has the total cost function C=
( x) 100 x + 1350
and the total revenue function R ( x) = 215 x , where x represents the number of units
produced and sold. What is the equation of the profit function, P ( x ) , for this
commodity?

Ans. P=
( x ) 115 x 1350

44. Suppose a radio manufacturer has the total cost function C (=

x) 85 x + 2100 and the
total revenue function R ( x) = 90 x , where x represents the number of radios produced
and sold. Write down the profit function P ( x ) and then use this function to determine
how many radios must be sold to avoid losing money. Ans. 420

45. Given a cost function=

C ( x) 22.05 x + 1100 and a revenue function R ( x) = 20 x , where x
represents the number of units produced and sold, find the profit function and then
determine the marginal profit.
Ans. 2.05
46. Suppose that the total cost function for a radio is linear, that the marginal cost is $27,
and that the total cost for 50 radios is $4550. Write the equation of this cost
function C ( x ) .
Ans. C (=
x ) 27 x + 3200
47. A manufacturer of shower-surrounds has a revenue function of R( x) = 81x and a cost
function of C (=
x) 63 x + 1800 , where x represents the number of units produced and sold.
Find the number of units that must be sold to break even. Ans.100
48. Suppose that a business has a revenue function R ( x) = 71x and a cost
function C (=
x) 600 + 65 x , where x represents the number of units produced and sold. Find
the number of units that must be sold to break even. Ans.100
49. The figure below is the graph of both the demand function D and the supply function S for
the same product, where P is the price per unit and Q is the number of units produced.
Will there be a market surplus or shortage when the price P is $90?

Ans. There will be a market shortage.

50. If the demand and supply functions for Z-brand phones are p + 2q =
100 and
35 p 20q =
350, respectively, compare the quantity demanded and the quantity
supplied when p = 26 . Note that q is the quantity produced or sold. Are there surplus
phones or not enough to meet demand? Ans. There will be a shortage at a price of $26.
51. Find the market equilibrium point for the following demand and supply functions
below, where p is price per unit and q is the number of units produced and sold.
Demand: p =
2q + 340
Supply: =
p 6q + 2
=
q 42.25,
=
p $255.5
Ans.

52. Find the equilibrium point for the following supply and demand functions below, where
p is price per unit and q is the number of units produced and sold.
Demand:=
p 500 7 q
Supply: =
p 13q + 80
q 21,
=
p $353
Ans.=
53. Solve each of the following equations give real solutions only.
a) x 2 5 x= x + 16

Ans.=
x 8,=
x 2

b) 4 x 2 4 x + 1 =
0

Ans. x =

c) 3 x 2 + x + 1 =0

Ans. no real solutions

1
2

2
d) 6 x=
4x + 7

Ans.
=
x 1.46,
=
x 0.80

e) y 2 = 7

Ans. y = 7

f)

x 2 + 16 x =4 x 35

Ans. x = 5 or x = 7
6
6
or x = 1
6
6

g) 6 x 2 =
12 x 5

Ans. x = 1 +

h) x 2 9 x = 10

Ans. x = 10 or x = 1

54. Find the vertex of the graph of the equation

a) y 0.125 x 2 + x
Ans. (4, 2)
=
b) y = 2 x 2 3 x

Ans. (0.75, 1.13)

55. Determine if the vertex of the graph of the equation is a maximum or minimum point.
1 2
a) =
Ans. vertex is at a minimum point
y
x + 3x
4
b) y = 4 x 2 5 x + 1

Ans. vertex is a maximum point

c) y = 3 x 5 x 2 + 1

Ans. vertex is a maximum point

56. Determine what value of x gives the optimal value of the function, and determine the
optimal (maximum or minimum) value.
a) y = 2 x 2 3 x
Ans. optimal value at x= 0.75 , optimal value = 1.13

b) y =x 2 + 12 x + 6
Note: x =

Ans. optimal value at x= -6, optimal value = -30

b
2a

57. Graph each of the following quadratic functions.

a) y = x 2 4 x + 3

x=

x
y

0
3

1
0

b (4)
=
= 2 y = 1 . So the vertex is (2,1).
2a
2(1)

2
-1

3
0

4
3

...

b) y = x 2 + 2 x 8

x=

b (2)
=
= 1 y = 9 . So the vertex is (1,9).
2a 2(1)

x
y

-3
-5

-2
-8

-1
-9

0
-8

1
-5

.
.

58. The daily profit from the sale of a product is given by P = 20 x 0.2 x 2 99 dollars. Find
the number of units that maximizes profit and the maximum profit.
Ans. production level of 50 units , P (50) = $ 401
59. The daily profit from the sale of a product is given by P = 20 x 0.2 x 2 96 dollars.
What is the maximum possible profit?
Ans. $ 404

60.

1 2
q + 40 , and the demand function is
2
described by the equation p = 86 6q 3q 2 . Algebraically determine the equilibrium
point for the supply and demand functions.
Ans. E (2.87, 44.11)

A supply function has the equation is

=
p

61. If the supply function for a commodity is p = q 2 +8q + 16 and the demand function
is p= 9q 2 + 6q + 426 , find the equilibrium quantity and equilibrium price.
Ans. E (6.30,106.17)
62. The total costs for a company are given by C ( x)= 2,925 + 20 x + x 2 , and the total
revenues are given by R( x) = 130 x . Find the break-even points.
Ans. Break-even values are at x = 45 and x = 65 units.
63. If a company has total costs C ( x=
) 15, 000 + 35 x + 0.1x 2 , and total revenues given
by R=
( x) 385 x 0.9 x 2 , find the break-even points.
Ans. Break-even values are at x = 300 and 50 units.
64. Find the maximum revenue for the revenue function R=
( x) 475 x 0.8 x 2 .
Ans. $70,507.81
65. If, in a monopoly market, the demand for a product is p = 170 0.25 x , and the revenue
function is R = px , where x is the number of units sold, what price will maximize
revenue?
Ans. Price that will maximize revenue is p = $85.00 .
66. The profit function for a certain commodity is P ( x)= 110 x x 2 900 . Find the level of
production that yields maximum profit, and find the maximum profit.
Ans. Production levels of 55 yields a maximum profit of $ 2125 .

67. Form the profit function for the cost and revenue functions, where the total costs and
total revenues are given by C ( x=
) 15,900 + 35 x + 0.1x 2 and R ( x) = 395 x 0.9 x 2 .
Ans. P ( x) =
x 2 + 360 x 15,900
68. Supply : 2 p q 10 = 0
Demand: ( p + 10)(q + 30) = 7200
Find the market equilibrium point. Ans. (90,50)