International Journal of Engineering and Techniques - Volume 2 Issue 3, May - June 2016

Dual Band Inverted-F Antenna for Military and Wireless

Applications

DK Poorna Chandra1, ST Aarthy2 M Vinay Kumar Reddy3, C Harshavardhan Reddy4 and

Dept of ECE, SRM University

AbstractA dual band inverted f

antenna operating at 2.4 GHZ and 5.2
GHZ is designed. The antenna is
designed by using Advance Design
System (ADS) and dissected by the
method of moments (MOMs) in the
Numerical
Electromagnetic
Code
(NEC). The complete analysis of
antenna parameters shows the ability of
the designed antennas to operate in the
above specified bands in terms of return
loss, bandwidth, efficiency, gain and
directivity. This antenna is proposed to
obtain less return loss for multi-serving
purposes such as military and the
wireless communication. The antenna
provides a return loss of -3.675 at 2.429
GHZ and -27.906 at 5.4 GHZ.
Key words- Inverted F-antenna (IFA),
return loss, arrays.
1. INTRODUCTION

Currently Inverted-F Antennas (IFAS)

are used
in many fields such as
communication,
medical,
military,
scientific and commercial applications.
Wireless communications such as radar,
sonar, satellite communications, mobile
communication requires antennas with
significant gain and return loss parameters.
In an antenna array the signals are
combined and processed in order to
achieve improved performance over that of
a single antenna. It can be used to increase
overall gain, provide diversity reception
cancel out interference from particular set
of directions, steer the array so that it is
most sensitive in particular direction,
determine the exact direction of arrival of
the incoming signals, to improve the signal
ISSN: 2395-1303

to interference plus noise ratio(SINR).

Single antenna cant handle more power,
arrays will have more gain than single
element antenna have direct impact on
ERP. Gain of the array will improve SNR
in receiving mode. Beam tilting can be
done with phasing of array without
mechanically tilting to some extent for fine
tuning. No of arrays will have impact of
directivity and use to reject the signals
from other unwanted directions. Array
antennas are used in various applications
such as broadcasting, Beam forming, naval
usage, optical phased arrays, radiofrequency identification, weather research
usage, missiles guidance, fire radar
aircraft. Recent years usage of array
antennas has been increasing in wireless
communication in the range of 2.4 and 5.5
GHZ. There is wide variety of antenna
arrays designed for military and wireless
platforms such as land, sea and air.
Particularly antennas used in military
requires significant gain and return loss
with a low profile to become cost
effective. Recent years many types
inverted-f antennas has been proposed for
wireless device because of its low profile.
IFAs have a length quarter to half the
wavelength. It can be further modified by
controlling the side lobes to get more gain
and directivity. The major limitation of
low- profile antennas is return loss. Most
of the prevailing IFAs possess more
return loss. But return loss can be
decreased by using array of patches
designed by advance design method.

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International Journal of Engineering and Techniques - Volume 2 Issue 3, May - June 2016

In this paper dual band inverted-f

antenna is presented with significant
directivity and return loss that covers 4.25.2GHZ military band and 2.4GHZ
wireless communication band. In the
proposed design other limitations of
general IFAs are reduced to provide better
performance in these two specified
application. The simulation of antenna is
carried out using ADS by Numerical
Electromagnetic Code (NEC) simulator
and different parameters are regulated by
trial and error method.
2. Antenna design
configuration
The proposed antenna is showed in fig 1
where there is array of 8 patches each one
having an f slot inserted in it. A study on
various parameters has been done to
examine the effect of different loadings on
antenna performance. to determine the
arrangement of the array. To examine the
antenna is assumed to be made of copper
in a ferrite substrate. The performance of
the antenna is improved by varying the
arrangement in an arrays. Antennas has
been regulated to work at 2.4 & 5.2 GHZ
bands. By increasing the number of
patches we are able to obtain improved
reflection coefficient and directivity but
few side lobes are turned out. The
proposed design is an array of 8 patches
consisting f slot inserted in each patch. It is
an arrangement consisting 2 rows and 4
columns. Both rows are connected to each
other by mutual inductance. Column wise
it is connected by using insert feed
technique. The overall dimension of the
antenna is 8 inchx3.5 inch. Significant
parameters are calculated using below
formulas.

ISSN: 2395-1303

Fig. 1 Proposed array of IFA with

Optimized dimension

4. ADS SIMULATION RESULTS

The array antenna is analyzed and

designed using Method of moments
(MOMS)
with
Numerical
electro
Magnetic Code (NEC) in ADS. Fig. 2
shows the impedance matching of the
array antenna at both the bands. It shows
that proposed system provides good
impedance at both the bands. Fig. 3 shows
the phasor representation. Fig. 5 shows the
return loss for different frequencies. It
shows -3.675 at 2.429 GHZ and -27.906 at
5.829 GHZ. Fig. 5 & 6 shows radiation
pattern of circular axis ratio and linear axis
ratio. Fig.7 shows the 3 dimensional view
of radiation pattern.

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International Journal of Engineering and Techniques - Volume 2 Issue 3, May - June 2016

Fig. 5 Circular Axis Ratio

Fig. 2 Impedance matching at various

frequency

Fig. 6 Linear Axis Ratio

Fig. 3 phasor representation

Fig. 7 3D Radiation Pattern

Fig. 4 Return Loss at various
frequencies
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International Journal of Engineering and Techniques - Volume 2 Issue 3, May - June 2016

Fig.9 return loss in db obtained using

Network Analyzer

Table.1 Antenna
ntenna parameters

for various array arrangement

arrangement.

Fig.10 impedance matching obtained

Fig.8 Fabricated 8 patch dual band
IFA

7. FABRICATION

The antenna is fabricated on ferrite

(FR4) substrate. Thia antenna is provided

using Network Analyzer

nalyzer

S.NO

FREQUENCY

1.
2.
3.

BY

BY

2.4-2.7

-7.73

-9.769

4.2-4.7

-29.82

-25.74

3.5-3.7

SIMULATION

-26.26

NETWORK

ANALYZER

-29.82

with two SMA connectors in order to give

feeding to the antenna.

Table.2 Return Loss

oss in db at different

bands by simulation and by Network

Analyzer.

ISSN: 2395-1303
1303

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International Journal of Engineering and Techniques - Volume 2 Issue 3, May - June 2016

8. Conclusion

A dual band inverted-f array

antenna to significant directivity
and return is designed. It is very
useful in military and wireless
applications.
The
impedance
matching return loss and directivity
all are at satisfactory levels for the
use in both the bands. Few side
lobes arises due to array
arrangement which slightly reduces
the gain, but it does not effects the
total antenna performance. There is
a comparison table displaying
antenna parameters such as return
loss, gain, directivity for different
number of arrays. The table clearly
depicts that directivity and return
loss are improved significantly for
the array of 8 patches when
compared to single patch. The
results obtained using network
analyzer are also at satisfactory
range. Gain is slightly reduced but
it has negligible effect on the
performance of the antenna. So the
proposed antenna can be a more
useful one in military and wireless
applications.
Future enhancement
Micro strip antennas are one of the most
innovative topics in antenna technology
today because of its mechanical and
fabrication features such as low cost, light
Weight,
conformability
and
easy
integration with MIC.
Micro strip antenna will form a
synergistic link with one or more
technologies that are emerging. High
temperature super conductors are one
such possibilities since their materials
can easily be integrated with planar
antennas. Material developments in
general, offer a variety of possibilities
for improving the performance of the
antennas, in terms of low loss
substrates and improved thermal and
mechanical characteristics.
A mutually beneficial result is the

ISSN: 2395-1303

application of high speed analog

electro-optic links to micro strip
phased array antennas. Electro-optic
technologies with fiber optic lines can
be used to distribute RF and control
signals to radiating modules in the
array, thus simplifying the layout and
construction of large array antenna.
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International Journal of Engineering and Techniques - Volume 2 Issue 3, May - June 2016

Matched Inverted-L and Stair InvertedL Antenna for 5 GHz WLAN

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Reduction Of Complexity By
Linear Mmse Over Ofdm System
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Channel In Pavai Engg College
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Low Complexity Warped Digital
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Academic Experience
Assistant Professor (O.G),
Department of ECE, SRM
University (Oct 2004 Current)

AUTHORS

Dk Poorna Chandra is currently an under

graduate student in the Department of
Electronics
and
Communication
Engineering, SRM University.

ST Aarthy is currently working as an

Assistant Professor (OG) in the
Department
of
Electronics
and
Communication
Engineering,
SRM
University.
His research interests include Silicon
Nanowire and Mobile Communication
Systems.
Her publications include
International Journal
"Comparison Of Different Local
Spectrum Sensing Techniques In
ISSN: 2395-1303

M Vinay Kumar Reddy is currently an

under graduate student in the Department
of Electronics and Communication
Engineering, SRM University.

C Harshavardhan Reddy is currently an

under graduate student in the Department
of

Electronics

and

Communication

Engineering, SRM University.

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