UNIT 1

NUTRION
NEW WORDS
Nutritionnutricin
Respirationrespiracin
Building materialselementros
Oxygenoxgeno
constructivos
Releaseexpulsar
Energyenerga
Carbon dioxidedixido de
Provideproporcionar
carbono
Carbohydratescarbohidratos
Respiratory systemaparato
Pulseslegumbres
respiratorio
Fatsgrasas
Circulationcirculacin
Proteinsprotenas
Circulatory systemaparato
Growthcrecimiento
circulatorio
Vitaminsvitaminas
Excretionexcrecin
Mineralsminerales
Excretory system...aparato
Properly.apropiadamente
excretor
Dairylcteos
Respiratory system.aparato
Wasteresiduos
respiratorio
Digestiondigestin
Sweat grandsglndulas
Digestive systemaparato
sudorparas
digestivo

Nutrition provides our body with the building materials and the energy
we need to live.
Food contains nutrients. These nutrients give us building materials and
nutrients. There are five types of nutrients:
Carbohydrates provide us energy (cereals, pulses, potatoes, bread,
pasta)
Fats provides us slow energy (oils and butter)
Proteins help us to grow (fish, meat, milk, eggs and pulses)
Vitamins and minerals help our body to function properly (fruit,
vegetables and dairy products)
Water is very important because transport nutrients and waste
around the body.
Four processes work in nutrition:
Digestion. The digestive system obtains nutrients from the food.
Respiration. The respiratory system obtains oxygen and releases
carbon dioxide.
Circulation. The circulatory system transport nutrients and waste
around the body.
Excretion. The excretory system and the sweat glands eliminate
waste substances.

DIGESTION
NEW WORDS
Digestive tubetubo digestivo
Helper glandsglndulas de
ayuda
Salivary glandsglndulas
salivales
Bolusbolo alimenticio
mixmezclar
pharinxfaringe
oesophagusesfago
stomachestmago
gastric juicesjugos gstricos
chyme..quimo
small intestineintestino delgado

large intestine intestino grueso

bilebilis
liverhgado
pncreaspancreas
chylequilo
villivellosidades
faecesexcrementos
anusano
balanced diet..dieta equilibrada
healthysaludable
fiberfibra

In the digestion process, the digestive system transforms food into

nutrients.
The digestive system consists of the digestive tube and the helper
glands.
The food goes along the digestive tube: from the mouth, through
the pharinx, the oesophagus, the stomach, the small intestine,
and the large intestine to the anus.
The helper glands help in the digestion. They are: the salivary
glands, the liver and the pancreas.
The food mixes with the saliva in the mouth and it is called bolus. In the
stomach, it mixes with gastric juices and it is called chyme. In the small
intestine, it mixes with the bile and it is called chyle.
The villi in the small intestine absorbs nutrients into blood. Waste
remain in the large intestine and they are called faeces. They are expulsed
by the anus.
It is very important to have a balanced diet. Food high in fibre is
necessary for our digestive system. We mustnt eat a lot of food that are
high in fats and sugar

RESPIRATION
Carbon dioxidedixido de
carbono
Expulsedespulsado
Exhaleeshalar
Healthsalud
wash lavar
mustnt no debes
smoke fumar
polluted contaminado
passageways vas respiratorias
through a travs de

happensuceder
nostrilsfosas nasales
pharynxfaringe
trachea ..trquea
bronchibronquios
lungspulmones
bronchioles bronquiolos
air sacsalveolos pulmonares
exchange intercambio
breath respirar
bloodsangre

In the respiration process, we breath in oxygen and exhale carbon

dioxide.
The respiratory system
Respiration takes place in the respiratory system.
When we breath in, air travels through the air passageways (nostrils,
pharynx, trachea and bronchi) to the lungs.
In the lungs, air goes through the bronchioles to the air sacs, where gas
exchange happens.
Gas Exchange
In the air sacs, oxygen passes to the blood and the blood transports it
around our body.
Blood also tranports the carbon dioxide from all the body to the air sacs. It
is expulsed when we exhale.
Respiration and health
It is good for our respiratory system to do exercise, to eat vitamins and
minerals, to drink water, to wash your hands.
You mustnt smoke and breath polluted air.