An Auto Reclose Relay

for EHV Transmission Lines

Bassam Gallalin
AREVA

NUBARIA Project June 2005

Page 1

LFAA 101 Main Features

Protection Relays June 2005

Type LFAA Auto Reclose Relays

Typical Applications
EHV/UHV
overhead line
CB1

LFAA
101

LFAA
102

Controls
one C.B.

Controls
two C.B.s

CB2

EHV/UHV
overhead line
4

Protection Relays June 2005

Page 2

LFAA Relays
Main Features

X User-friendly operator interface

X Wide range of basic programs
X Many program variations
X Independently adjustable timer settings and counter
targets, with wide setting ranges

Protection Relays June 2005

Basic Programs

X Single shot

Single phase
Three phase (3 variants)
Single / three phase
X Two shot

1Ph then 3Ph (4 variants)

Fast 3Ph then delayed 3Ph (4 variants)
1Ph / fast 3Ph then delayed 3Ph

Protection Relays June 2005

Page 3

LFAA 102 - Follower C.B.

X 3Ph A/R

Follower reclose provided leader

auto-recloses successfully
(i.e. remains closed for follower
time)

X 1Ph A/R

Follower trips 1Ph and recloses

simultaneously with leader

Follower trips 3Ph and recloses as

for 3Ph A/R

Protection Relays June 2005

Basic A/R Cycle

Initiation when protection operates

Dead time start when C.B. trips

C.B. close output at end of dead time,

subject to appropriate interlocks

Scheme reset at end of reclaim time

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Page 4

Scheme Logic Optional Features

Maintenance alarm and/or lockout

C.B. closed interlock (C.B. has to be closed before

protection op. to initiate A/R)

Line voltage interlock, using N/O or N/C line voltage

monitor relay contact (line must be live before
protection op. to initiate A/R, then go dead to
enable dead time start)

Close with sync. check before dead time elapsed

C.B. auxiliary contact can be N/O (52a) or N/C (52b)

Protection Relays June 2005

Protective Relay Requirements

Fast trip at both line ends

Phase segregated trip and A/R

initiation outputs

10

Block auto-reclose output

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10

Page 5

LFAA - Associated Relays

Line voltage monitor

Dead line / live bus or live line / dead

bus voltage check relay

11

Synchronism check relay

Protection Relays June 2005

11

LFAA 101 & 102

Inputs & Outputs Overview

Control of plant

Plant status
LFAA

12

Protection

Indication

Control

Alarms

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Page 6

LFAA 101 & 102

Control of Circuit Breaker

CB open / closed

CB close

LFAA

CB spring charged

CB trip
Set 3 pole trip
(bridging contacts)

13

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13

LFAA 101 & 102

Protection Inputs

X Three times one phase protection operated

X Three phase protection operated
X Intertrip received
X Block autoreclose

14

Protection Relays June 2005

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Page 7

LFAA 101 & 102

System Check Inputs

X CB1 safe to close

X CB1 in synchronism
X CB2 safe to close (LFAA 102 only)
X CB2 in synchronism (LFAA 102 only)
X Line voltage monitor

15

Protection Relays June 2005

15

LFAA 101 & 102

Control Inputs
X Switch IN
X Switch OUT
X Stop
X Enable
X Reset from lockout (2 on LFAA 102)
X Reset maintenance counter (2 on LFAA 102)
X CB2 stop (LFAA 102 only)

16

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Page 8

LFAA 101 & 102

Main / Backup Interlocks

Main

Backup
+
Stop

Autoreclose
in process

+
Stop
Autoreclose
in process

(Priority logic)

17

(Backup logic)

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17

LFAA 101 & 102

CB2 Interlocking

+
CB2 stop
CB2 control

+
CB2 stop

18

CB2 control

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Page 9

LFAA 101 & 102

Alarm / Indication Outputs

X Power supply healthy (1 make + 1 break)

X Autoreclose in service (1 change over)
X Autoreclose in progress (2 change over)
X CB close repeat (1 make)
X CB maintenance alarm (1 make)

per CB

X CB maintenance lockout (1 make)

X CB2 control (LFAA 102 only)

19

Protection Relays June 2005

19

LFAA 101 & 102

Protection Control Outputs

X Outputs per CB :

Inhibit pole discrepancy protection (1 changeover)

Initiate synch-voltage selection (1 make)
X Outputs per LFAA relay :

Inhibit DEF (1 changeover)

Inhibit PSB (1 changeover)
Inhibit zone 1 extension (1 changeover)
20

Protection Relays June 2005

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Page 10

LFAA 101 & 102

Software Functions (1)

21

X FNCT 1 TO 6 :

Select basic AR program

(refer to scheme description)

X FNCT 7 :

Line voltage interlock IN or OUT

X FNCT 8 :

Duration of PSB inhibit output

X FNCT 9 :

Duration of CB close output

X FNCT 10 :

Enable / disable auto reset

X FNCT 11 :

Three phase HSAR without system check

Protection Relays June 2005

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LFAA 101 & 102

Software Functions (2)

22

X FNCT 12 :

Enable input N/O or N/C

X FNCT 13 :

Dead time start conditions

X FNCT 14 :

CB auxiliary contact 52a or 52b

X FNCT 15 :

CB spr. charged contact N/O or N/C

X FNCT 16 :

Line V.Mon contact N/O or N/C

X FNCT 17 :

AR initiate with CB open

X FNCT 18 :

Maintenance alarm IN or OUT (CB1)

Protection Relays June 2005

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Page 11

LFAA 101 & 102

Software Functions (3)

23

X FNCT 19 :

Maintenance lockout IN or OUT (CB1)

X FNCT 20 :

Maintenance lockout suspend until end of

autoreclose cycle (CB1 + CB2)

X FNCT 21 :

Initiate SVS at start or end of dead time

X FNCT 22 :

Fast synch. check IN or OUT

X FNCT 23 :

Allow settings change in service

X FNCT 24 :

Priority or backup logic (FNCT 26 on LFAA 102)

Protection Relays June 2005

23

LFAA 102
Software Functions (4)

X FNCT 24 : CBs simultaneous or sequential for single

phase autoreclose
X FNCT 25 : CB2 take over if CB1 not available
X FNCT 26

Priority or backup logic

X FNCT 27 : CB2 sequential reclose with/without

spring charged check
X FNCT 28 : Maintenance alarm IN or OUT (CB2)

24

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Page 12

LFAA 102
Software Functions (5)

X FNCT 29 : Maintenance lockout IN or OUT (CB2)

X FNCT 30 : A/R initiate with or without spring
charged check
X FNCT 31 : Middle CB (CB2) lock out or reclose for
concurrent faults on both circuits

25

Protection Relays June 2005

25

LFAA 101 & 102

Timers (1)

26

X Intertrip time

1 - 300s

X Man. close time

1 - 200s

X Discrimination time

0.01 - 2.0s

X Pre-close check time

1 - 200s

X One pole dead time

0.01 - 2.0s

X High speed dead time

0.01 - 200s

X Delay dead time

1 - 300s

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Page 13

LFAA 101 & 102

Timers (2)

27

X Close pulse

0.01 - 2.0s

X Reclaim time

1 - 300s

X Trip fail lockout time

1 - 200s

X Follower CB time

0.01 - 300s

Protection Relays June 2005

27

LFAA 101 & 102

LED Alarms

X Red LED flashing

: Maintenance lockout CB1

Maintenance lockout CB2

X Red LED stable

: A/R lockout CB1

A/R lockout CB2

X Amber LED flashing : Maintenance alarm CB1

Maintenance alarm CB2
X Amber LED stable

28

: Autoreclose in progress

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Page 14

LFAA Relays
Auxiliary Voltage Ratings

Vx1 - Relay power supply

Vx2 - Opto isolator supply

Burden :

29

Nominal

Working Range

24/27
30/34
48/54
110/125
220/250

19 - 32
24 - 40
38 - 65
88 - 150
175 - 300

8.0 to 11.5 W (no I/P or O/P)

plus 0.025 to 0.350 W per live input
plus 0.4 to 1.5 W per set output

Protection Relays June 2005

29

LFAA Relays
Viewing Menu

X Menu options with Accept and Select keys :

30

Alarm messages

Counter messages

Settings

Inputs

Outputs

Test timers

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Page 15

LFAA Relays
Control Menu

X Control options with arrow and set keys :

31

Print

Settings

Communications

Identifiers

Counter resets

Test outputs

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31

LFAA Software Overview

RS232
interface
Status inputs

System
software

Output relays

32

LFAA
operating
system

Ladder
diagram
software

Operator
interface

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Page 16

Software Function Block Diagram

for the System

System software

Multitasking
executive

Off-line
monitor

Power-on
diagnostics/
self-monitoring

33

Real-time
monitor

Basic
I/O system

Protection Relays June 2005

33

Software Function Block Diagram for

the Logic Controller Software

Logic controller software

Operator interface
Initialisation

Every 2 ms
Front panel

Every 10 ms

Every 250 ms

34

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Page 17

Software Function Block Diagram for

the Logic Controller Software (2)

Logic controller software

Every 2 ms
Read opto
inputs

Run fast
ladder
Update output relays

35

Protection Relays June 2005

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Software Function Block Diagram for

the Logic Controller Software (3)

Logic controller software

Every 10 ms

Timers

36

Run slow
ladder

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Page 18

Software Function Block Diagram for

the Logic Controller Software (4)

Logic controller software

Every 250 ms

Check alarm
flags

Update
display

Update alarms

37

Protection Relays June 2005

37

Typical Ladder Page

PROTOP SPDTcomp

T
CP
time
pulse

38

HSARinit

ANTIP.

52CBX

CloseOK DDTcomp
CloseOK

CB closed

52CBX

CB
closed PROTOP

FNCT11

CB
closed

FastSync

FNCT9

Protection Relays June 2005

ANTIP.

Close

(RL5)

38

Page 19

Why Approach Taken

39

Easy to generate logic

Flexibility of control scheme design

Understood by existing engineering staff

Efficient in code generation

Fast operating speed

Self documenting

Protection Relays June 2005

39

LFAA Ladder Logic Elements

Input Input 2
1
PFSWR1SWR1

SWR1
PFSWR1
M
OPSWR1

FNCT1 FNCT2 SWR3

T
1.00
DPU

40

(RL_ )
COUNT 1

T
T
T
TIMER TIMER TIMER
DPU
DDO
PLS

INC +

COUNT 1

COUNT 1

COUNT 1

COUNT 1

>=

<=

==

RES -

10

TARGET

TARGET

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Page 20

How Logic is Formed

In # 14

In # 2

Out # 1

Out # 4

In # 14
In # 7

Counter
INC+
Out # 5

Counter
test

Out # 4

~
Out # 2
+

Tests

41

Actions

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How Logic is Executed

Output to relays
Page xx
Logic page 1
to page xx
Page 3
Page 2
Page 1

Input plant states

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Page 22