Chapter I

INTRODUCTION

The family is the nucleus of civilization.

-Ariel and Will Durant: Wisdomquotes.com

The family is the smallest unit of the society and the natural fundamental
core of the community and consequently, it is considered as the primordial
recipient of the nursing effort, which is contributory to the development, and
progress of the community through active involvement and self responsibilities
of each constituent. It is composed of persons, male and female, being molded to
be as one, working hand in hand to maintain a good atmosphere among the
family members.
A nucleus controls the functions of the entire cell and can be thought as
the command center of the cell. The nucleus as well has different components
which are all needed in order for it and the cell to function well, same as with the
commander or the head of the family and the members who has different
functions within the family.
The impression or status of each family will always affect the status of the
community as a whole. Community health nursing is a response to the health
needs of the people. It does not focus on a particular class or family. It is
comprehensive and general in approach. Community health service is not
episodic as it requires continuous observation and monitoring of the community
as a whole. Promotion and preservation of the health of its different clients

(individual, family, group or community) is the primary goal of community health

nursing.
The community is a group of people sharing geographic boundaries
and/or values and interests. (Maglaya, 2004) No two communities are alike. A
nurse exposed in the community learns how to interact and adapt to different
kinds of people. The family is considered as the basic unit of care in the
community health nursing. It is in the family where a member develops his
health values, beliefs and practices. The family is a major influence in the
health behaviors of an individual. With this, it is important that families in a
community are aware of the things and practices pertaining to their health.
It is apt to say that community health nursing has a big role in the
nursing education. It is in the community where the student nurse learns
nursing apart from the hospital setting as she was exposed to different level of
orientation. It is in the community where the saying nursing is an art can be
applied as a student nurse tries to give quality service using the available
resources in the health center.
`

Conducting a family case study is a means by which student nurse

reaches and feels the community through its basic structure the family. It is a
tool in determining the health status of a family through assessment and critical
inspection. Through this, health related problems are identified, thus giving the
student nurse a hint on where to act and how to intervene. It is also a means
towards improving the health of the community people, making them more
productive. To come up with a family case study gives a sense of fulfillment to a

student nurse as she was given the opportunity to share their skills, knowledge
and time to alleviate and uplift the living condition of a family.
The family that was chosen by the student nurse is a picture of the
majority of the family here in our country: a family living in a poor environmental
condition without enough resources and lacks knowledge on vital health
information and experiences other socio-economic related problems. Though
tiring as it is, reaching out to this family and mingling with them makes the
student nurse feel the sense of fulfillment as she share her knowledge, skill and
time to aid in uplifting the condition of the family.

Chapter II
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

This chapter presents the general and specific objectives of this

family case study. Setting objectives provides direction for planning a family
nursing intervention. It facilitates motivation for the client and the nurse by
providing a sense of achievement. (Kozier, Erb et. al., 2004).

General Objectives:
At the end of the student nurse-family relationship, the adopted
family will be able to improve their health status and become self-reliant in
maintaining their health through appropriate interventions in a given time frame.

Specific Objectives
After 1 month of home visits and student nurse-family interaction, the
family should be able to:

Established rapport and trust with the student nurse.

Give pertinent and factual information during surveys and

interviews

Participate actively during home visits and assessment interviews

Identify actual and potential problems which may be a hindrance in

attaining optimum health.

Categorize the identified health problems as health threat, health

deficit or foreseeable crisis through the assistance of their studentnurse.

Prioritize the identified family health nursing problems with the

assistance of their student nurse.

Plan possible solutions or nursing actions to the prioritized health

problems.

Generate interventions considering the student nurses capabilities,

community and the familys resources.

Carry out the planned interventions together with the student nurse

Perform the health teachings taught by the student nurse

Evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention using the set

objectives as a basis, and

Evaluate changes in condition after giving interventions.

Chapter III
INITIAL DATABASE

A. Family Structure, Characteristics, and Dynamics

Name

Age

Sex

Civil

Mr.
V
Mrs.
V
Child
AV
Child
BV
Child
CV
Child
DV

30

Male

Married

29

Female Married

Position in
the Family
Father

Occupation
Farmer

11

Male

Child

Mother
(Respondent)
Eldest Child

Housewife

10

Female

Child

Second Child

Student

Male

Child

Third Child

Student

Female

Child

Fourth Child

Student

Student

Educational
Attainment
Elem. Level
(Grade 3)
Elem Grad
(Grade 6)
Elem. Level
(Grade 5)
Elem. Level
(Grade 4)
Elem. Level
(Grade 3)
Elem. Level
(Grade 1)

The Family V is considered as a nuclear type of family. A nuclear type is a

typical type of family composed of a father, a mother and child/children. This type
of family structure is found in almost all societies, although the length of time in
which the family remains in this form varies even within the same society.
The nuclear family can be a nurturing environment in which to raise
children as long as there is love, time spent with children, emotional support, low
stress, and a stable economic environment. In nuclear families, both adults are
the biological or adoptive parents of their children (Jay C, 2004,).
The V family resides in Purok Daanbanwang, Upper Labay, General
Santos City. They have started living their since June of 2009. They were a family

whose resident is always changing. They have been in Nurallah, South Cotabato
for 5 years and in Malungon for 3 years.
Mr. V and Mrs. V go hand in hand in terms of decision-making. They
consult each other in terms of planning and budgeting for their family. They
discuss matters concerning their childrens schooling financially and also with
regards to the emotional problems or aspects within the family. When problem
arises, they make sure that both of them will handle and solve the problem. But
then, in terms of matter concerning health Mrs. V is more dominant. She makes
sure that she will comply with the appropriate regimen when certain health issues
arise. She has greater awareness concerning health matters compared to Mr. V
since of course believing it is her duty as the mother. These health matters
include immunization, feeding the right food and caring for the sick member.

B. Socio-Economic and Cultural Characteristics

The V familys main source of income is coming from Mr. Vs farming. Mr.
V earns about Php 6,000.00 a month. Since Mrs. V does not work, she is in
charge of the house and in taking care of the children. Mrs. V budgets the money
in terms of food, education and miscellaneous where clothes, shoes and slippers
comes in. Out of Mr. Vs earnings, most of it goes to the familys budget for food.
The education of the children is free and they can walk from their house to the
school so only some school supplies are being bought. Usually, there is nothing
to be left for the miscellaneous expense.
With Mr. Vs monthly income, the family strives hard to accommodate
everything they need for them to live. According to NEDA, each individual should

at least have Php 2768.60 when the total monthly income of the family is divided
among the total family members. The total monthly income of Mr. V is about Php
6, 000.00 and when divided among the 6 members, it is only Php 1, 000.00, thus,
they can be considered poor. Mrs. V also informed the student nurse that they do
not have any financial assets at hand in case of emergency. They typically
borrow money from their relatives.
Mr. V works as a farmer, he works from 3 am until 8 pm everyday. He
seldom goes home but rather stays in the farm, which is situated far away from
the familys house. Mrs. V doesnt work and stays in their house. She is the
typical housewife where in you can see her wash clothes, prepare food, sweep
the yard and make the house clean.
All of them are affiliates of Protestantism. Mrs. V mentioned that they do
not go to church anymore since they have lived in Purok Daanbanwang for the
reason that of the distance they have to travel from their place to the church.
Significant others are called such due to their own role in ones life. They
are the ones very close to a person or group of persons. For family V, the
significant others in their lives are their relatives and some neighbors. They
usually run to their relatives if they face hardships and problems. Mrs. V also
confirmed how helpful and welcoming her neighbors are with them.
The family has yet to participate in community activities since they are
new in the place. But way back in Nurallah, they usually partake in community
activities. These activities include fiesta, parties and carnivals.
The V Family barely enjoys the community resources since the community
itself lacks resources. The children, though, go to Purok Daanbanwang
Elementary School. The father is usually in their farm while the mother is in the
house doing household chores. The family uses the river as their means of water

source in washing their clothes. There is also a shallow well built within the river
where the family gets their water source for drinking if they get lazy in getting
water from the faucet, meters away from their house.
C. Home and Environment
The house is made of wood, mostly bamboo. Mrs. V did not know the
exact measurement of their house. Her husband knows it yet he was not there
during the interview. In order for the house to be considered as adequate, the
total floor area should be divided among the total members of the family and
each should at least have 3.5 m2.
The house only has 2 windows and can sustain the adequate ventilation
needed by the family. Mrs. V told the student nurse that their house is usually
presko since it is beside the river and the air goes to and fro freely inside the
house.
The house has 2 rooms. The one is the sala/dining room and the other is
the bedroom, with no bed at all. Mr. and Mrs V, together with the children, sleep
in one room. They use banig in sleeping.
The V Family has only one appliance which is the radio powered by
batteries since the place has no electrical supply yet. In terms of garbage
disposal, they either bury or burn their garbage.
Mrs. V uses wood and charcoal in cooking. She is the one who prepares
the food. She cooks inside the house at the back portion. The foods that they
usually eat are fish and vegetables. The family uses plastic plates and stainless
spoons in eating. When it comes to storing their food, they just cover it with a
plate. In terms of cooking facilities the family is equip with pots, sandok, and
knives.

The river is the familys main source of water. They wash their clothes and
gets their drinking water supply there. They put their water in a big container with
cover. They usually dont go and get water from the faucet in the purok since,
according to Mrs. V, it is far from their house. They usually dont sterilize their
drinking water supply.
V Family has no comfort room. They usually urinate and remove bowels
anywhere near their house. They have not yet built their own comfort room since,
according to Mrs. V, they are still new in the community and has no enough
budget for it yet.
The drainage system of the family is an open type where in the drainage
flows anywhere and is continuous. It is dirty and has a stinky smell. There is
some rice grains noted. There is no obstruction present at the drainage system
since it is open and flows anywhere.
The family does not own any transportation facilities. They ride on a
jeepney or truck in going to the city proper. When they go to their farm or any
purok within Upper Labay, they usually walk kilometers.
The family has one chicken and a dog. There are vegetables planted near
the house.

D. Health Assessment of Each Family Member

D1. PAST AND PRESENT ILLNESS
1. Health Assessment on Each Member
A.

Mr. V The student nurse has never met Mr. A since he was in their farm

during the interview. Mrs. V, however, told us that she thinks her husband has

10

never undergone immunizations at all since it was not that important before.
Mrs. V said that her husband is about 54 tall and weighs about 55 kilograms.
His BMI reveals normal weight with a value of 20.8. Mrs. V told the student
nurse that her husband has no genetic or hereditary illness known. He is not a
smoker. He drinks alcohol rarely since they have no budget for that.
B.

Mrs. V She has no degenerative, chronic, or infectious diseases as of

the present time. She has also not completed immunizations. When she was
still 4 years old, she experienced chicken pox. She is 5 feet and 3 inches and
weighs 60 kilograms. Her BMI reveals normal weight with a value of 23.4. She
has no complaints as of the present time and has not taken any medications
as of the moment. At times of illness, she would just drink paracetamol for
fever and mefenamic acid for pain or treat wounds with crushed plants coming
from their backyard. The family is not using family planning anymore.
C.

Child AV has no any degenerative, chronic, or infectious diseases as of

the present time. He has not completed immunizations. He is 4 feet and 10

inches and weighs 38 kilograms. He likes to eat vegetables and fish.
D.

Child BV has no any degenerative, chronic, or infectious diseases as of

the present time. She has not completed immunizations. She is 4 feet and 7
inch tall and weighs 36.5 kilograms.
E.

Child BV has no any degenerative, chronic, or infectious diseases as of

the present time. He has not completed immunizations. He is 4 feet and

weighs 33 kilograms.

11

F.

Child DV has no any degenerative, chronic, or infectious diseases as of

the present time. She has complete immunizations. She is 3 feet and 11
inches tall and weighs 17 kilograms. She appears thin. This child has many
allergies and there are rashes still seen on her legs.

FAMILY ASSESSMENT BASED ON FUNCTIONAL HEALTH PATTERN

1. Health Perception-health management patterns

With no known vices like smoking and drinking except for Mr. V who drinks
alcohol rarely.

Was able to recognize the importance of having a healthy well-being.

Uses herbal plants, though not approved by the DOH, from their backyard

2. Nutritional-metabolic pattern

Do not take any food supplements or vitamins

Daily food intake is mainly rice, fish and vegetables

Children eat junk foods whenever they were given money

Children have poor appetite according to Mrs. V

3. Elimination pattern

Eliminates everyday with an average frequency of urine: 5 times

According to Mrs. V, all of the family members have no difficulty in voiding.

The family members defecate everyday and some, every other day with
no difficulty in defecating noted.

4. Activity-exercise pattern

12

Dili nami makaexercise kay daghan mi trabaho labi na pagbuntag

verbalized by the mother.

Family preferred to stay at home and take a nap if they have free time
while their children play with other children in the community after class.

5. Sleep-rest pattern

Family usually has 7-8 hours of uninterrupted sleep according to the

mother.

They usually sleep at around 9 in the evening and wake up at around 4 to

5 in the morning.

They also take a nap at free time.

6. Cognitive-perceptual pattern

Was oriented to time, place and is able to identify people and significant
others by their first names.

Was able to respond accordingly and correctly to questions. Retaliates as

soon as he can and was able to rationalize. Verbal pattern and
spontaneity normal

Memory intact

No sensory defects

7. Self-perception/self-concept

Showed apprehension and worry towards unspecific consequences.

Perceived situations (health deficits) to be very stressful but remain

passive about things and condition.

13

8. Roles and relationship

Family members have an open communication and able to discuss their

problems according to the mother.

9. Sexual reproductive

Both parents are still in the reproductive age

The parents are separated as of the moment since the father is in their
farm and the mother is in the house

10. Coping Stress

Gains strength in the assurance and guarantee provided by family

members.

11. Values/ Beliefs Pattern

The family is Protestant in faith. Expressed great belief and faith in God. Is
certain that the Divine providence would protect them from any
unidentified and possibilities of harm.

Does not go anymore to church since they are situated far away from the
place of worship they attend

E. Values, Habits, Practices on Health Promotion, Maintenance and Disease

Prevention.
The children in the family has not all completed their immunization. All the
children in the family were dewormed last March 2008.

14

The family has adequate rest and sleep. They sleep early and wake up
early, the usual time of sleeping is 9pm and they wake up at around 4 to 5am.
Mrs. V stated that farming, doing the household chores, and walking are their
ways of exercise. The father is in the farm. The mother usually does the
household works and talks with the neighbors during free time. The children are
either in school or are playing with other children in the community.
The mother recognizes the importance of health in the family, however,
because of financial constraints made them ignores any major health problems
that may arise. Furthermore, they were not able to sustain sufficient supplies of
medication or articles which they would need related to their health care needs.
They often use alternative medicines or herbal medicines for treating their illness
and habitually self-medicate if OTC medications are available. The family
believes in the power of herbal plants. They occasionally use herbal plants
lodged near the house in treating diseases or symptoms in the family since their
transfer from Nurallah. Mrs. V said that she had no choice but to use these plants
for the reason that the barangay health center is far away from their home. But if
the symptoms manifested by the family member become severe, they
immediately go to the health center or to the hospital.

15

Chapter IV
FAMILY BACKGROUND

This chapter illustrates the family background of the study which includes,
Database of the Respondent, Family Tree, General Household Data, Activities of
Daily Living which could be an indicative for the present health status of the
family as it continues to influence the each of the family member.
Family History
Family V is composed of 6 members Mr. V is the father, Mrs. V as the
mother, children AV, BV, CV and DV are the kids. Mr. V is the head of the family.
He is 30 years old. Mrs. V, his wife is 29 years old. Child AV, as the eldest son is

16

11 years old, child BV is 10 years old, child CV is 7 years old and child DV is 5
years old.
Mr. V was born and grew up in Purok Daanbanwang, Upper Labay,
General Santos City. His father was a farmer and his mother was a housewife.
He has 9 siblings and he is the eldest. He is a Blaan. He was able to go to
school up to grade 3 year level. After that he did not continue schooling in order
to help his parents look for money for their household expenses.
Mrs. V was born and grew up in Malungon, Sarangani Province. Her
father is a farmer and her mother is a housewife. She has 2 siblings. She was
able to go to school and graduated elementary school. She did not continue
schooling due to financial constraints. Instead she helped her parents in doing
household chores and in looking money for their household
Mr. V and Mrs. V met in Malungon, Sarangani Province through friends of
friends. They become a couple and after 3 months, they got married. They
resided in Malungon for 3 years, then transferred to Upper Labay for 6 months.
They again transferred to Nurallah, South Cotabato and stayed there for another
5 years and came back Upper Labay just this June of 2009

Data Base of the Respondent

The respondent upon interview is the mother in the family.
NAME

Mrs. V

AGE

29 years old

GENDER

Female

17

ADDRESS

Purok Daanbanwang, Upper Labay, General

Santos City

BIRTH PLACE

Malungon, Sarangani Province

RELIGION

Protestant

OCCUPATION

Housewife

CIVIL STATUS

Married

NATIONALITY

Filipino

NO. OF CHILDREN :

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT: Elementary Graduate

ESTIMATED MONTHLY INCOME: none
NAME OF HUSBAND:

Mr. V

B. Family Tree

Mrs.
V

Mr.
V

Child
AV

Child
BV

Child
CV

C. General Household Data

1. Total No. of Children: 2

18

2. List of Household Members

S
Educ.
e
Attainment
x
M Elem. level
F Elem Grad
M Elem. level

Protestant
Protestant
Protestant

Student

Elem. level

Protestant

Child

Student

Elem. level

Protestant

Child

Student

Elem. level

Protestant

Members

Status

Occupation

Mr. V
Mrs. V
Child AV

Married
Married
Child

Farmer
Housewife
Student

Child BV

Child

Child CV
Child DV

Religion

Positio
n in the
Family
Father
Mother
1st
Child
2nd
Child
3rd
Child
4th
Child

Imm.
Status

NS

INC
INC
INC

NA
NA
NA

INC

INC

COM

Chapter V
FAMILY COPING INDEX

This chapter depicts the actual observation of the family behavior and
practices in contrast to the ideal family attitude and behavior. It includes an
assessment on how the family handles various stressors. The observations are
analyzed to see occurrence of health problems or negative attitudes and
behavior.

19

ACTUAL

Rating

CRITERIA

IDEAL

1. Physical
Independenc
e

Is concerned with
ability
to
move
about, to get out of
bed, to take care of
daily
grooming,
walking, etc.

2.
Therapeutic
Competence

Includes all of the

procedures
or
treatments
prescribed for the
care of illness such
as
giving
medications, using
appliances,
dressing, exercise,
relaxation, special
diets, etc.

The parents are 3

aware on what to
do if a member
fells ill. However,
due to financial
problems
and
distance of the
health
center,
they
cannot
provide enough
and/or
appropriate
interventions.
Although,
they
use herbal plants,
those plants are
not approved by
the DOH.

The parents are aware

of their lapses in
therapeutic
competence. They are
sentient
of
their
financial
difficulties,
which is the primary
reason for not having
or
following
the
appropriate procedure
or treatment, having
appliances and even
enough clothes for the
children.

3.
Knowledge
of Health
Condition

Concerned with the

particular
health
condition that is the
occasion for care
such as knowledge
of the disease or
inability
to

The mother is 2
knowledgeable on
salient
health
issues
and
responsibilities.
Yet
due
to
financial

Though the mother

recognizes pertinent
health issues, she
does not regard it as
important at all. This
could be detrimental to
the
lives
of
the

The members are

all able to move 5
without
assistance
and
difficulty. They do
their activities of
daily living without
aid. They are
independent
in
moving about and
using
their
musculoskeletal
system.

JUSTIFICATION

There
are
no
abnormalities in the
physical independence
of the family members.
Every member has no
noted disabilities or
disparities in moving
and/or doing their
ADL.

20

understand
problems, health
communicability of issues
are
diseases and mode overlooked.
of
transmission.
Understanding the
general pattern of
development
of
newborn baby and
basic
needs
of
infants for physical
care.

members
especially
the children.

4.
Application
of Principles
of General
Hygiene

Concerned
with
family
action
in
relation
to
maintaining family
nutrition, securing
adequate rest and
relaxation for family
members, carrying
out
accepted
preventive
measures
(immunizations,
medical appraisal,
safe home-making
in relation to storing
and preparing of
food).

The family sleeps 2

well and eats
nutritious
food
everyday.
But
their source of
water
is
not
healthy at all.
They
do
not
practice
sterilization
nor
healthy habits in
food storage and
preparation.

Even though aware of

hygienes importance,
the family does not
practice good hygienic
skills. Yes they take a
bath everyday but their
source of water, eating
habits
and
maintenance
of
healthy lifestyle are
not
taken
into
consideration
that
much.

5. Health
Attitudes

Concerned with the

way the family feels
about health care in
general,
including
preventive services,
care of illness, and
public
health
measures.

The parents are 1

concerned about
the health of the
members of the
family yet they do
not
participate
actively
in
maintaining
optimum
health
due to financial
constraints. Also,
the family lacks
information
regarding healthy
lifestyle
and

Parents, as much as
possible,
want
to
protect their children
from any harm but
then, they lack money
and information for
them to carry out the
right health care for
the family

21

healthful
ways
toward
improvement of
life.
6. Emotional
Competence

Has to do with the

maturity
and
integrity with which
the members of the
family are able to
meet
the
usual
stresses
and
problems of life, and
to plan for happy
and fruitful living.
The degree to which
individuals accept
the
necessary
disciplines imposed
by ones family and
culture.
The
development of the
individuals
responsibilities and
decision.
Willingness to meet
reasonable
obligations,
to
accept
adversity
with fortitude, to
consider the needs
of others as well as
ones own.

The family are 5

competent
enough
emotionally. They
see stress just
like any other
family does. The
parents
take
responsibility for
the children. They
discipline
them
and teach them
the morals of life.

The
family
lives
harmoniously at home.
Even though conflicts
arise, they really see
to it that they would
discuss each concern
in a calm manner.

7. Family
Living

Concerned with the

interpersonal
or
group aspect of
family
life.
The
family members get
along
with
one
another, the ways in
which they make
decisions affecting
the
family,
the

There is high 3
concern within the
family, especially
with regards to
their
interrelationship
with others. The
parents discuss
decision- making.

Others
respect
individual relationships
of each member of the
family.
Decisionmaking
is
shared
among its members
except
on
young
member. Each has his
or her own part or role
in the family, which is

22

8. Physical
Environment

degree to which
they support one
another and do
things as family, the
degree of respect
and affection, and
the ways in which
they manage the
family budget.

The children are

not yet open for
suggestion
to
decision-making
since they are still
young and difficult
to
comprehend
their
current
situations.

well respected.

Concerned
with
home,
the
community
and
work environment
as its affect family
health.
The
condition of the
house
such
as
pressure of accident
hazards, screening,
plumbing, system,
facilities of cooking,
privacy, level of
community
(deteriorated
neighborhood,
presence of social
hazards,
pests),
transportation
of
schools
and
availability.

The
familys 2
house space is
not good enough
for the family.
There
are
presence
of
insects, rodents
and other vectors.
Their house is
also located near
a creek. They
cook their food
outside
their
house
wherein
they
just
use
earthly pot and
used wood as
fuel. Also a nail
attached on the
wood on inverted
position
was
noted. Bottles of
liquor
and
decomposing
woods
were
noted as well.
They live in a
place wherein its
not congested but
then
the
distances
between
their
neighbors are not
that so far from
each other

The
house
environment is not
fitted
for
them
especially
for
the
children, because of
the presence of pests
and accident hazards
in their community.
Also their house is in
poor condition, that
they
can
possibly
acquire
serious
diseases. Their food
storage is unsanitary.
Though it is covered
with cloth, sometimes
insects
and
other
small animals could
crawl inside the dish
organizer. Also, the
cloth that they used
was dirty. The storage
of water has a cover,
but it is still unsanitary
due to the presence of
dirt on the outside of
the container.
Having a eartly pot
near the house is
really a fire hazard
because some of the
coal fire might come in
contact
with
their
bamboo wall and the
nails attached to wood

23

gives the possibility

that some of their
family members might
stepped into it,.
9. Use of
Community
Facilities

Degree of the family

use and awareness
of the available
community facilities
for education and
welfare.

The mother is 3
aware
of
the
available
resources in the
community, both
in health and
education.
But
they cannot utilize
the
health
facilities since it is
far from their
house

The school is the only

community facility the
family uses. They
cannot go to the health
center since they have
to walk kilometers just
to get there.

Chapter VI
TYPOLOGY OF NURSING PROBLEM

This chapter discusses about the problem that were identified during
assessment and interview with the family. It includes the cues/data, the family
nursing problem and the nursing diagnosis. The problems identified are
categorized into presence of wellness state, health deficits, health threats,
foreseeable crisis and stress points.
Table 4. Typology of Nursing Problems identified in Family X

24

Cues or Data

Family Nursing Problems

Objective data:
I. Accident hazards specifically fire
The house of Family V is a hazard, as a health threat.
bungalow style of house. It is mainly
made up of bamboo and nipa as its A. Inability to provide a home
roof. The mother usually cooks at the
environment conducive to health
back of the house using wood and
maintenance
and
personal
charcoal.
development due to:
a. Inadequate
family
Subjective data:
resources;
specifically
The mother verbalized Kaning
financial constrains/limited
among balay dugay na ni siya. Gibuhat
financial resources.
ni siya sa pamilya sa akoang bana.
b. Failure to see benefits of
Puro kahoy na siya ug nipa ug mga
investment
in
home
patay na dahon sa saging. Dira ko
environment improvement.
galuto sa may likod. Mao ra jud ni
among makaya kay siyempre kulang B. Inability to make decisions with
sa budget. Ang among ipahimo ug
respect to taking appropriate action
balay, ikaon na lang namo diba
due to:
a. Failure to comprehend the
nature,
scope,
and
magnitude of the problem.
b. Negative attitude towards
the health problem.
c. Low
salience
of
the
problem
Objective data:
II. Family size beyond what family
The income of the family is resources can adequately provide
about Php 3000 per month. There are as a health threat.
five members in the family
A. Inability to make decisions with
respect to taking appropriate
Subjective data:
health action due to:
Mother verbalized, Gamay ra
a. Inaccesability
of
jud ang income intawon. Di na gain mi
appropriate resources for
kapalit sa mga sanina sa bata. Mga
care such as financial
kinahanglan nila. Luoy kayo. Ang
constraints.
among pagkaon ginatama tama lang
para sa amua. Isda ug mga gulay dira
sa kilid among sud-an pirmi.

Objective data:
III. Unsanitary food handling as a
The hands of the children are presence of health threat.

25

unclean when they ate they meal.

A.
Subjective data:
Mother verbalized Ay mga
tamad na sila manghugas ug kamot.
Wala tay mahimo kay gahi man jud ug
ulo.

Inability to make decisions with

respect to taking appropriate
health action due to:
a. Low salience of the problem.
b. Negative attitude towards
health problem

Objective data:
IV. Poor home condition specifically
The family usually stores their lack of food storage facilities as a
food by covering it with plate and health threat
leaves it in the table
A. Inability to make decisions with
Subjective data:
respect to taking appropriate
Mother verbalized Dira ra man
health action due to:
namo na ginabutang. Wala man mi
a. Low salience of the problem.
butanganan na lain. Daghan lagi kayo
b. Negative attitude towards
ug langaw
health problem
c. Inaccesability if appropriate
resources for care
specifically financial
constraints
Objective data:
The familys drainage is an
open type. They just throw it
anywhere. Rice grains are noted
beside the house.
Subjective data:
Mother verbalized Dira ra man
namo pud namo na ginalabay

V. Poor environmental sanitation

specifically
improper
drainage
disposal as a health threat
A.

Inability to make decisions with

respect to taking appropriate
health action due to:
a. Low salience of the problem.
b. Negative attitude towards
health problem

Objective data:
VI. Poor environmental sanitation
The family has no comfort specifically
unsanitary
waste
room. They just defecate and void disposal as a health threat
anywhere.
A. Inability to make decisions with
Subjective data:
respect to taking appropriate
Mother verbalized Mao jud na
health action due to:
karon kay wala pa mi kahimo. Wala
a. Low salience of the problem.
pay kwarta. Dra ra mi gaihi, galibang
b. Negative attitude towards

26

kanang walay tao

Objective data:
The family gets their water
source in the man-made shallow well
in the river. Near the river is a carabao
taking a bath and women washing
clothes.

health problem
c. Inaccesability if appropriate
resources for care
specifically financial
constraints
VII. Poor environmental sanitation
specifically polluted water supply as
a health threat
A. Inability to recognize presence of
condition or problem due to:
a. Lack of knowledge

Subjective data:
Mother verbalized Dira mi sa B.
balon gakuha ug tubig. Wala na namo
ginasterilize. Ok naman na siya. Layo
man gud kaayo ang gripo diri sa
amua

Inability to make decisions with

respect to taking appropriate
health action due to:
a. Low salience of the problem.
b. Negative attitude towards
health problem
d. Inaccesability if appropriate
resources for care
specifically financial
constraints

C. Failure to utilize community

resources for health care due to:
a. Inaccessibility of required
service due to physical
inaccessibility (location of
facility)
Objective data:
VII. Lack of immunization status
Not all children have completed specially of children as a health
their immunizations.
threat
Subjective data:
A. Inability to make decisions with
Mother verbalized Isa ra lagi
respect to taking appropriate
ang nakakumpleto sa bakuna ba. Layo
health action due to:
pa jud ang center.
a. Inaccesability if
appropriate resources for
care specifically financial
constraints

27

B.

Failure to utilize community

resources for health care due to:
a. Inaccessibility of required
service due to physical
inaccessibility (location of
facility)

Chapter VII
PRIORITIZING PROBLEMS

28

This chapter shows the setting of priorities of family health problems that
has been identified. It includes a computation on how priorities were shown with
their corresponding justification.

I. Accident hazards specifically fire hazard, as a health threat.

Criteria
Computation
1. Nature of the 2/3 x 1
problem
2. Modifiability of 1/2 x 2
the problem

Score
0.67

Justification
This problem is a health threat

3. Preventive
potential

2/3 x 1

0.67

4. Salience

1/2 x 1

0.5

The problem is partially

modifiable. The only way to
solve this problem is to
renovate the house, thus it
needs money.
The
problem
could
be
moderately prevented. This
could be done if the family will
be very alert in watching out
especially if they are cooking
since the house could catch
fire anytime.
The problem, compared with
the other problems does not
need
immediate
attention
since it requires time and
money.

Total Score:

2.84

II. Family size beyond what family resources can adequately provide as a
health threat.
Criteria
Computation
1. Nature of the 2/3 x 1
problem
2. Modifiability of 0/2 x 2
the problem

Score
0.67

Justification
This problem is a health threat

3. Preventive
potential

1/3 x 1

0.33

4. Salience

0/2 x 1

The problem could not be

modified at all. The family size
cannot be trimmed down to
smaller size
The
problem
may
be
prevented but the family size
cannot be trimmed down.
The problem is not perceived
as a problem at all by the
family.

Total Score:

29

III. Unsanitary food handling as a presence of health threat.

Criteria
Computation
1. Nature of the 2/3 x 1
problem
2. Modifiability of 2/2 x 2
the problem

Score
0.67

Justification
This problem is a health threat

3.
Preventive 3/3 x 1
potential

4. Salience

1/2 x 1

0.5

The condition can be highly

modifiable. If the family
receives the right health
teaching, attitude can be
changed for the better
The problem can be prevented
if the family is educated on the
importance of hand washing
The problem is not perceived
as
a
problem
requiring
immediate attention according
to the family since there are
other health problems more
important

Total Score:

4.17

IV. Poor home condition specifically lack of food storage facilities as a

health threat
Criteria
Computation
1. Nature of the 2/3 x 1
problem
2. Modifiability of 1/2 x 2
the problem

Score
0.67

Justification
This problem is a health threat

3.
Preventive 1/3 x 1
potential

0.33

4. Salience

1/2 x 1

0.5

This problem is partially

modifiable since the family
lacks resources specifically in
the financial aspect. However,
appropriate health teachings
may correct this problem
The problem is low in
preventive
potential
since
there is lack of appropriate
resources that could solve this.
The problem is not needing
immediate attention according
to the family

Total Score:

2.5

V. Poor environmental sanitation specifically improper drainage disposal as

a health threat
Criteria
Computation
1. Nature of the 2/3 x 1
problem

Score
0.67

Justification
This problem is a health threat

30

2. Modifiability of 2/2 x 2
the problem

3.
Preventive 2/3 x 1
potential

0.67

4. Salience

1/2 x 1

0.5

Total Score:

3.84

The
problem
is
easily
modifiable by teaching the
family the importance of
having a proper drainage.
This is highly preventable if the
family
has
learned
the
importance of having a clean
drainage.
With regards to the familys
perception, the problem does
not need immediate attention

VI. Poor environmental sanitation specifically unsanitary waste disposal as

a health threat
Criteria
Computation
1. Nature of the 2/3 x 1
problem
2. Modifiability of 1/2 x 2
the problem

Score
0.67

Justification
This problem is a health threat

3.
Preventive 2/3 x 1
potential

0.67

4. Salience

1/2 x 1

0.5

The problem is moderately

modifiable since this problem
can only be solved with
money.
This can be highly preventable
if the family had prioritized in
building a toilet
According to the family, it plays
not much importance in their
life

Total Score:

2.84

VII. Poor environmental sanitation specifically polluted water supply as a

health threat
Criteria
Computation
1. Nature of the 2/3 x 1
problem
2. Modifiability of 2/2 x 2
the problem

Score
0.67

Justification
This problem is a health threat

3.
Preventive 3/3 x 1
potential

4. Salience

0.5

The
problem
is
highly
modifiable since it could be
solved if the family knows the
importance of sterilization.
The problem is preventive
because there are ways and
resources present in the
community where in the family
can have a clean water supply
The problem, with accordance
to the familys perception, is
not much important.

1/2 x 1

31

Total Score:

4.17

VIII. Lack of immunization status specially of children as a health threat

Criteria
Computation
1. Nature of the 2/3 x 1
problem
2. Modifiability of 1/2 x 2
the problem

Score
0.67

Justification
This problem is a health threat

3.
Preventive 2/3 x 1
potential

0.67

4. Salience

2/2 x 1

The problem is moderately

modifiable since there are
available resources such as in
the health center yet the family
cannot easil go to the health
center because of its long
distance from Daan Banwang
The problem is moderately
preventive since the family
could have had immunization
way back in Malungon but also
due to negative attitude and
financial constraint, the family
did not seem to mind at all.
The
family
knows
how
important
immunization
is
specially for the children

Total Score:

3.34

Chapter VIII
NURSING CARE PLAN

32

This chapter shows the identified and prioritized problems in a ranking

order. This chapter also presents the family care plan formulated by the student
nurse together with the family.

Problem List
Problems
Unsanitary food handling as a
presence of health threat.
Poor
environmental
sanitation
specifically polluted water supply as a
health threat
Poor
environmental
sanitation
specifically
improper
drainage
disposal as a health threat
Lack of immunization status specially
of children as a health threat
Poor
environmental
sanitation
specifically unsanitary waste disposal
as a health threat
Accident hazards specifically fire
hazard, as a health threat.
Poor home condition specifically lack
of food storage facilities as a health
threat
Family size beyond what family
resources can adequately provide as
a health threat.

Score

4.17
4.17
3.84
3.34
2.84
2.84
2.50
1

33

FAMILY NURSING CARE PLAN

Problem# 1 Unsanitary food handling as a presence of health threat.
CUES

Subjective
data:
Mother
verbalized
Ay
mga
tamad
na
sila
manghugas
ug kamot.
Wala
tay
mahimo kay
gahi
man
jud ug ulo.

INTERVENTION PLAN

ANALYSIS OF THE
PROBLEM

Inability to
make
decisions
with respect
to taking
appropriate
health action
due to:
Low
salience
of the
problem.
Negative
attitude
Objective
towards
data:
health
The hands
problem
of
the
children are
unclean
when they
ate
they
meal.

OBJECTIVES
NSG. INTERVENTIONS

After 1 day of
community
exposure, the
family will be
able to:
Employ
hands
finger
before
during
meals

clean
and
nails
and
eating

>Discuss with
the family the
importance and
need for hand
washing

>Demonstrate
proper hand
washing
Discuss the technique
importance
and need for
hand
washing
>Inform the
Demonstrat family about
e
proper communicable

Specifically:

>Assess the
familys ideas
on food
handling and
hand washing

RATIONALE

> To obtain
how much the
family knows
on these
issues
>To educate
the family
about proper
hand washing
> To show the
proper hand
washing
technique and
for better
understanding
on it
> To make the
family aware of
the diseases

METHOD

H
O
M
E
V
I
S
I
T

RESOURCES
REQUIRED

EXPECTED OUTCOME

>Manpower
resources
such as
time and
effort.

After 1 day of
community
exposure, the
family has able
to:

>Physical
and
chemical
resources
such as
soap, water,
pail and
clean towel

Employ
hands
finger
before
during
meals

clean
and
nails
and
eating

Specifically:

Discuss the
importance
and need for
hand
washing

Demonstrate
proper hand

34

- Dirty and
long finger
nails noted

hand
washing
techniques

diseases
especially the
ones
transmitted if
hand washing
is not
reinforced

they are prone

of.

>Explore the
familys
reaction about
the health
teachings
given.

> To measure
the
understanding
of the health
teachings
presented.

washing
techniques

35

Chapter IX
SUMMARY, EVALUATION AND RECOMMENDATION
Presented in this case study is the different characteristics and health
condition of family V. This case study presents the family structure, socio
economic and cultural factors, home and environmental factors, health
assessment of each member. It also contains data about identified problems on
the living condition of the family.

Summary and Evaluation

The Family V is considered as a nuclear type of family. A nuclear type is a
typical type of family composed of a father, a mother and child/children. The V
family resides in Purok Daanbanwang, Upper Labay, General Santos City. They
have started living their since June of 2009.
Their house is made of wood, mostly bamboo. Mrs. V did not know the
exact measurement of their house. Her husband knows it yet he was not there
during the interview. In order for the house to be considered as adequate, the
total floor area should be divided among the total members of the family and
each should at least have 3.5 m2. The house only has 2 windows and can sustain
the adequate ventilation needed by the family.
The V familys main source of income is coming from Mr. Vs farming. Mr.
V earns about Php 6,000.00 a month. Since Mrs. V does not work, she is in
charge of the house and in taking care of the children. With Mr. Vs monthly
income, the family strives hard to accommodate everything they need for them to
live. According to NEDA, each individual should at least have Php 2768.60 when

36

the total monthly income of the family is divided among the total family members.
The total monthly income of Mr. V is about Php 6, 000.00 and when divided
among the 6 members, it is only Php 1, 000.00, thus, they can be considered
poor. Mrs. V also informed the student nurse that they do not have any financial
assets at hand in case of emergency. They typically borrow money from their
relatives.
All of them are affiliates of Protestantism. Mrs. V mentioned that they do
not go to church anymore since they have lived in Purok Daanbanwang for the
reason that of the distance they have to travel from their place to the church. The
family has yet to participate in community activities since they are new in the
place.
The V Family barely enjoys the community resources since the community
itself lacks resources. The children, though, go to Purok Daanbanwang
Elementary School. The father is usually in their farm while the mother is in the
house doing household chores.
The river is the familys main source of water. They wash their clothes and
gets their drinking water supply there. They put their water in a big container with
cover. They usually dont sterilize their drinking water supply.
V Family has no comfort room. They usually urinate and remove bowels
anywhere near their house. The drainage system of the family is an open type
where in the drainage flows anywhere and is continuous.
The V family is identified to have plenty of environmental problems in
which it is evident that they practice poor environmental sanitation. With this
situation and family condition, many problems were identified such as health
threats which include fire hazards, poor home and environmental sanitation, and
improper drainage system as well as health threats which are improper personal

37

practice as improper hygiene. A nursing care plan then is formulated to address

the different problems identified.
Nevertheless, the family has chances to improve their health condition.
There still have that ability to meet the desired characteristics in their structure
and maximize their health potential of optimum wellness. They are cooperative
and participative to the different issues and interventions they are confronted.
Hence, they are willing to submit themselves for the impartation of information
and basic knowledge regarding family health.
The objectives of identifying family nursing problems were only partially
achieved due to security reasons for the part of the student nurse. Together with
the family, the student nurse as an agent has helped the family through
motivation and support to change their lifestyle and improve their health status.
Although the allotted time for the student nurse was not enough to attend to all
those problems, the family is now equipped with fair knowledge which they could
use anytime as the need arises.
Recommendations
The student nurse have identified and prioritized problems and needs with
the family. The student nurse have also created a care plan on how to deliver the
best nursing care for the family to address their needs. The following below are
propositions and commendations recognized by both the student nurse and
family:

The V family should maintain a healthy and clean environment. They must
clean their surroundings to avoid the presence of vectors of diseases.

38

The family should also maintain proper hygiene such as taking a bath
regularly, trimming their nails, frequent changing of clean clothes especially
when come in contact with filthy objects or experienced wetness of the back,
refraining from walking barefooted, brushing of teeth frequently, and proper
and regular hand washing.

They must also reorganize their cooking practices in terms of food

preparation and handling as well as keeping their kitchen utensils in a
covered storage to avoid getting it contaminated by insects or pests. In
addition to that, they should also cover their food storage.

The family should also be advised to not wait for the ailment to become
severe before seeking medical help.

The family must also be educated and follow the proper preparation of herbal
medicines as it was presented during the mothers class.

The V family should persevere to perform proper waste segregation and

disposal of their garbage as it was presented during the mothers class.

The family should be aware that organizations in the community are open and
present for their problems to be addressed properly.

They should be encouraged to verbalize their concerns with regard to the

community so that resolutions can be made.

39

BIBLIOGRAPHY
Books
Cuevas, F. et. al. Public Health Nursing in the Philippines. 10th ed.
Philippines:2007
Maglaya, A. Nursing Practice in the Community. Marikina City: Argonauta
Corp., 2004.

40

Untalan, A. Concepts and Guidelines in COPAR. 1st ed. Manila:

Educational Publishing House, 2005.

Internet Sources
Jay C. Published: 6/23/2004. http://www.buzzle.com/editorials/6-23-200455793.asp
http://wisdomquotes.com
http://psychology.about.com/od/theoriesofpersonality/ss/psychosexualdev.
htm
http://psychology.about.com/od/theoriesofpersonality/a/psychosocial.htm

41

APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
BARANGAY HEALTH PROFILE
Department of Health
Notre Dame of Dadiangas University- College of Nursing
Barangay/ Purok: Daanbanwang, Upper Labay, General Santos City
PERSONAL DATA
Name of respondent: Mrs V
I.

B-Day: 12/17/1973

Educational Attainment: Grade 6

GENERAL HOUSEHOLD DATA

A. Total number of children: 4
B. List of household members:

Members

B-Day
(mm/dd/yyyy)

Occupation

Sex

Mr V
Mrs V
AV
BV

11-14-79
10-09-80
07-11-98
10-19-99

Farmer,
Housewife
Student
Student

CV
DV

04-16-02
05-23-05

Student
Student

II.

Status: M

Household No.

M
F
M
F

Eductl
Attainment
Grade 3
Elem Grad
Grade 5
Grade 4

Religion
Protestant
Protestant
Protestant
Protestant

M
F

Grade 3
Grade 1

Protestant
Protestant

Rel. to
Resp.
Husband
son
son

Imm.
Status
INC
INC
INC

Deworming
Date
2008
2008

son
daughter

INC
COM

2009
2009

Weight

NS

56 kgs
50 kgs
38 kgs
36.5
kgs
33 kgs
17 kgs

N
N
N
N
N
N

ECONOMIC DATA
A. Sources of Income: Occupation: Farming
Estimated Monthly Income: P6, 000
B. Land 1. Owned ( ) Rented ( ) Tenanted ( X ) 2. No. of Hectares: ____. Type: Plain ( X ) Rolling ( )

42

C. Products, if land is farmed: corn

D. Type of Housing: Concrete ( ) Ordinary ( X ) Rented ( ) Scrap ( )
E. Household Appliances: radio
F. Animal Raising: chicken
G. Transportation Facilities: Owned ( X ) Rented or Others( )
H. Water: Bought ( ) Free (x )
III.

ENVIRONMENTAL DATA
A. Toilet facilities: Owned ( ) Shared ( ) None ( X )
Anywhere
B. Source of Drinking Water Supply: Shallow well
C. Drainage: none
D. Garbage Disposal: Burying and/or Burning
E. Home: Herbal ( ) Vegetable ( x) None ( )

IV.

MEDICAL HEALTH DATA

A. Common diseases/ Commen Treatment: cough, colds and fever; Herbal e.g Mayana and Kataka- taka
B. Immediate Sources of Medical Care: BHW
C. Family Planning: Continuous; Pills
D. Pregnancy: No
E. Lactating: No
F. Death in the Family: None
G. Other pertinent observations/informations like presence of personality disturbances: None
H. Disable member of the family: None

43

APPENDIX B
FAMILY HEALTH DATA CARD

INDICATOR
FAMILY PLANNING
PRENATAL
IMMUNIZATION
NUTRITION
WATER
GARBAGE DISPOSAL
TOILET
ALCOHOLISM
SMOKING

THIRD QUARTER
OOOOOO
OOOOOO
OOOOOO
OOOOOO
OOOOOO
OOOOOO
OOOOOO
OOOOOO
OOOOOO

QUARTER
FOURTH QUARTER
OOOOOO
OOOOOO
OOOOOO
OOOOOO
OOOOOO
OOOOOO
OOOOOO
OOOOOO
OOOOOO

44

APPENDIX C
Process Recording
This appendix represents the course of interaction between the student
and the family during each phase of interview. It also includes the reactions of the
family or how they respond on the questions that were lift during the entire
interview.
Purpose:
1. To be able to have a specific data on how the interview was conducted
2. To be able to interpret or analyze the answers given by the respondent
3. To document pertinent data and how they responded to questions that
were raised

Orientation Phase
Student Nurse
Maayong buntag
diay Maam
(Waves and
smiles)

Client
Maayong buntag
sad. Dali sulod mo
oi. (Smiles)

Salamat Maam.
Ako diay si Mylene
Maam. Nursing
student sa NDDU.
Pwede mabal-an
unsa inyong
pangalan?

Ahh. Ako diay si

Emie.

Ay hello diay
Maam Emie. Mao
ning inyong
balay?

O. Amua ni siya.
Bag-o ra jud mi diri.
Tong June lang mi
ngbalhin diri

Remarks
The student
nurse greeted
the
respondent
and the
respondent
welcomed the
student nurse
in their house.

The student
nurse verified
if the
respondent

Rationale
The opening can be
the most important
part of the interview
because what is
said and done at
that time sets the
tone for the
remainder of the
interview. The
purposes of the
opening are to
establish rapport
and orient the
interviewee.
Establishing rapport
is a process of
creating goodwill

45

was a member and trust. It can

Ahh. Mao ba. Aha Ang akong bana
of the
begin with a
man pud inyong
naa man sa bukid
community.
greeting (Good
pamilya?
gud nag-uma. Didto
morning Sir!) or
na siya gapuyo jud.
self-introduction
Ginaadtuan lang
(Good morning!
namo sa mga bata.
Im a nursing
Ang mga bata naa
student)
man sa eskwelahan
accompanied by
kay nay klase.
nonverbal gestures
Unya pato taod2
such as smile, a
inig udto kay diri to
handshake, and a
sila mukaon
friendly manner.
Giving recognition,
Ay maam. Pwede Okey ra kaayo uy. The student
in a nonjudgmental
ko mag-interview
Walay problema.
nurse
way, of a change in
sa inyuha?
Maayo gani ni.
informed the
behaviour, an efftort
Kanang kamo man Hehe
respondent on the client has
gud ang akong
her purpose
made, or a
napili na iadopt na
for coming
contribution to
family. Okey ra
and the
communication.
maam?
interview.
Acknowledgment
may be with or
Salamat kaayo
Hala. Dalia ra man The student
without
maam ha. Kanang pud diay noh.
nurse told the understanding,
hantod October mi Matulog pud mo diri respondent
verbal or nonverbal.
maginterview
eh? Wala baya
the time
(Barbara Kozier)
interview. Mubalik
suga diri.
duration of
mi mga November
their stay in
na. Mga December
the
daw mi
community.
magculmination
Lagi daw maam.
Lisod daw ang
suga. Pero
challenge na siya
sa amua eh.
Lingaw man pud
na siya (Client and
SN laughs).
Kanang
manghangyo ko sa
inyong cooperation
maam ha.

Ay wala nay
problema gang.
Pasalamat gani mi
naa mo diri karon
para mutabang
namo. Siyempre
importante gud na
naa mi mabal-an sa
sakit sakit. Dapat
lang jud
mucooperate mi
eh (Smiles)

The
respondent
approves of
the student
nurses
purpose and
acknowledged
her presence.

46

Working Phase
Student Nurse
Ay kanang maam
unsa inyong
apelyido?

Client
Yata. Wala baya
akong bana diri ay.

Remarks

Sige lang maam.

Ikaw lang akong
interbyuhon. Unsa
napud inyong edad
ug sa inyong
bana? Kanus-a
pud inyong mga
bday?

Ay sige. 29 nako.
Akong bana kay 30.
October 9 ko nya
November 14 na
siya. 4 tanan
among mga anak.
Wala baya sila diri
kay nageskwela.

Demographic
data was
given
completely.

Okey ra maam uy.

Hehe. Kanang.
Unsa pud mga
Pangalan sa
inyong anak ug
ilang mga bday?

Si Child AV 11, si
BV 10, si CV 7
unya si DV 5. Si AV
July 1998 na siya.
Si BV kay October
1999. Si CV April
2002 unya si DV
May 2005.

Ahh. Layo layo

pud ilahang mga
agwat noh.

Gafamily planning
man jud gud mi
tong una pa sa
Malungon pa mi.
Nagsunod sunod
lang ang 2 ka una
pero after ana
nagpills nako. Lisod
na baya kinabuhi
ron.

Lagi maam uy.

Maayo gani maam
nainform mo ug
ing-ana

Lagi. Naa man pud

gud health center
didto sa Malungon
ug Nurallah.

Kanang maam
mangutana ko
kung unsa inyong
nahuman sa
eskwela?

Elementary
graduate ko, akong
bana kay hantod
grade 3 lang.
Unsaon ta man

Rationale

Respondent
was proud to
be a family
planning
follower.

Respondent
blames
poverty for
their lack of
education.

Education is an
important aspect in
every human life
especially now that
job hiring could be

47

lisod kaayo ang

kinabuhi.

very difficult if you

lack education.

Ang mga bata

maam?

Mga bata maayo

man kay nay
eskwelahan diri. Si
AV grade 5, si BV
grade 4, si CV
grade 3, si DV
maggrade 1.

Respondent
was glad the
children have
a chance in
education.

Kamo ra jud diri sa

mga bata maam?
Bale balay jud ni
ninyo?

O. akong bana tu-a

sa bukid. Kami ra
jud diri. Kaning
among balay dugay
na ni siya. Gibuhat
ni siya sa pamilya
sa akoang bana.
Puro kahoy na siya
ug nipa ug mga
patay na dahon sa
saging. Dira ko
galuto sa may likod.
Mao ra jud ni
among makaya kay
siyempre kulang sa
budget. Ang among
ipahimo ug balay,
ikaon na lang namo
diba

She was able

to express her
concerns
about the
household,
including the
environment.

Due to financial
constraints, the
family has not able
to provide an
adequate and a
safe house for the
family.

Nag-ingon ka
maam na nagauma imong bana.
Unsa pa mga lain
ninyong
ginakwaan para
income?

Ay mao ra jud na.

Wala nay lain.

Kanang pila pud

inyong maincome
sa usa ka bulan?

Mga Php6,000 pud.

Gamay ra jud ang
income intawon. Di
na gain mi kapalit
sa mga sanina sa
bata. Mga
kinahanglan nila.

Respondent
put on much
emphasis on
financial
issues.

Poverty is an issue
in every Filipino
family since it is the
major factor that
affects their way of
living.

48

Luoy kayo. Ang

among pagkaon
ginatama tama lang
para sa amua. Isda
ug mga gulay dira
sa kilid among sudan pirmi.
Kanang inyuhang
banyo? Ug kung
asa mo gakuha ug
tubig?

Mao jud na karon

kay wala pa mi
kahimo. Wala pay
kwarta. Dra ra mi
gaihi, galibang
kanang walay tao
Dira mi sa balon
gakuha ug tubig.
Wala na namo
ginasterilize. Ok
naman na siya.
Layo man gud
kaayo ang gripo diri
sa amua.

The
respondent
explained how
they manage
with their
elimination
even without a
toilet facility.
She also
explained their
ways of
getting water
for drinking.

The family has not

yet build a toilet
facility since they
were new to the
place and have no
budget for it.

Drainiage disposal
is an important
factor since vectors
or insects may
hover and affect
their health.

Ang inyong mga

lamaw maam o
mga hugaw gikan
sa kusina, aha
ninyo ginalabay?

Dira ra man namo

pud namo na
ginalabay. (Points
at the ground
beside the house).

Respondent
explains how
they manage
their drainage
disposal

Kanang butangan
sa inyong pagkaon
na wala nahurot?

Dira ra man namo

na ginabutang.
Wala man mi
butanganan na lain.
Daghan lagi kayo
ug langaw

Respondent
shows how
they put their
left overs.

Daghan kaayo
mga langaw? Mga
lamok?

Ay daghan pud.
Pero naa man mi
mosquitero.

Respondent
explains that
although there
are many
mosquitoes in
the place, they
have
protection
from it.

49

Kanang sa bakuna
sa mga bata
maam?

Isa ra lagi ang

nakakumpleto sa
bakuna ba. Layo pa
jud ang center. Sa
panahon namo dili
man pud na uso
gud.

Respondent
points out that
the health
center is quite
far from their
place.

Immunization is an
important protection
and prevention of
some diseases.

Kanang diri sa
panimalay maam
unsa pud ng ugali
sa mga bata na
makaapekto sa
ilang lawas.
Parehas ng ilang
paghugas o
paggamit ug
tsinelas?

Ay mga tamad na
sila manghugas ug
kamot. Wala tay
mahimo kay gahi
man jud ug ulo.

Respondent
shows that
she
disapproves of
the childrens
behavior but
feels she cant
do anything
about it.

Knowing the ways

of health helps the
student nurse what
to educate the
family and what
kind of
improvement on
health they need.

Kanang bisyo
maam?

Ay maayo jud. Wala Respondent

jud bisyo akong
feels proud of
bana.
her husband
not having
vices.

Naa pud ba moy

Naa. Didto o. Mga
mga gulay o herbal kangkong. Ang
na ginatanom?
herbal naa sa
ilalom. Mga
asunting.

No disturbances
were found.

Respondent
shows the
student nurse
their mini
vegetable
garden and
that they have
herbal plants
around.

Having a vegetable
and herbal garden
helps the family in
terms of healthy
food and also
disease
management

Remarks
The
respondent
appreciated
our presence
and was open

Rationale
Expressing
gratitude makes the
respondent feel that
they did something
good. Giving

Termination Phase
Student Nurse
Ay maam salamat
kaayo maam ha.
Balik ra ko.
Salamat jus kaayo.

Client
Walay problema.
Adto lang gud diri.
Balik balik mo ha.
Suroy suroy pud
mo ba.

50

in answering
all the
questions.

recognition, in a
nonjudgmental way,
of a change in
behaviour, an efftort
the client has
made, or a
contribution to
communication.
Acknowledgment
may be with or
without
understanding,
verbal or nonverbal.

51