Assumptions:

BSNL - GSM Link Budget

1. BTS output is 43 dBm (20 W) with DCF (4.5 d

2. Cable loss is 3 dB for 60 meters (4.5 dB for 1
Frequency (MHz)

960

960

DenseUrban

Urban

SubUrban

Rural

Rural Open

33.0
2.0
0.0
2.0
31.0
1.3
17.0
3.0
-107.0
3.0
6.0
3.0
16.0
130.0
30
1.5

33.0
2.0
0.0
2.0
31.0
1.3
17.0
3.0
-107.0
3.0
6.0
3.0
16.0
130.0
30.0
1.5

33.0
2.0
0.0
2.0
31.0
1.3
17.0
3.0
-107.0
3.0
6.0
3.0
16.0
130.0
30.0
1.5

33.0
2.0
0.0
2.0
31.0
1.3
17.0
3.0
-107.0
3.0
6.0
3.0
16.0
130.0
30.0
1.5

33.0
2.0
0.0
2.0
31.0
1.3
17.0
3.0
-107.0
3.0
6.0
3.0
16.0
130.0
30.0
1.5

0.99

1.2

Balanced
Path
43.0
20.0
3.0
17.0
57.0
501.2
0.0
2.0
-102.0
6.0
3.0
16.0
132.0

Balanced
Path
43.0
20.0
3.0
17.0
57.0
501.2
0.0
2.0
-102.0
6.0
3.0
16.0
132.0

Cell Coverage

91.1%

91.1%

91.1%

91.1%

91.1%

Edge Reliability

77.3%

77.3%

77.3%

77.3%

77.3%

UPLINK VOICE PATH

Mobile Tx power (dBm)
Mobile Tx power (watts)
Mobile antenna gain (dBi)
Body loss (dB)
Mobile EIRP (dBm)
Mobile EIRP (watts)
Base Rx antenna gain (dBi)
Base Rx cable loss (dB)
Base Rx sensitivity (dBm)
Base Rx diversity gain (dB)
Fade margin (dB)
Noise Margin (db)
Vehicle penetration loss (dB)
Uplink path attenuation (dB)
Base station antenna height (m)
Mobile height (m)
Estimated cell radius (km)

DOWNLINK VOICE PATH

Base Tx power (dBm)

Base Tx power (watts)
Base Tx cable loss (dB)
Base Tx antenna Gain (dBi)
Base EIRP (dBm)
Base EIRP (watts)
Mobile antenna gain (dBi)
Body loss (dB)
Mobile sensitivity (dBm)
Fade margin (dB)
Noise margin (dB)
Vehicle penetration loss (dB)
Downlink path attenuation (dB)

Balanced Balanced
Path
Path
43.0
43.0
20.0
20.0
3.0
3.0
17.0
17.0
57.0
57.0
501.2
501.2
0.0
0.0
2.0
2.0
-102.0
-102.0
6.0
6.0
3.0
3.0
16.0
16.0
132.0
132.0

Balanced
Path
46.0
39.8
3.0
17.0
60.0
1000.0
0.0
2.0
-102.0
5.5
3.0
16.0
135.5

ut is 43 dBm (20 W) with DCF (4.5 dB loss)

s is 3 dB for 60 meters (4.5 dB for 100 meters of 7/8" cable)

TABLE 1 - High Level Link Budget Parameters

RF Parameter
Mobile Tx power (dBm)
Mobile antenna gain (dBi
Body loss (dB)
Base Rx antenna gain (d
Base Rx cable loss (dB)
Base Rx sensitivity (dBm
Fade margin (dB)
Stnd Dev. (dB)
Area Reliability
Vehicle penetration loss
Uplink path attenuation
Base station antenna he
Mobile height (m)

DenseUrban
33.0
0.0
2.0
17.0
3
-107.0
6.0
8.0
91.1%
16.0
130.0
30.0
1.5

Urban
33.0
0.0
2.0
17.0
3.0
-107.0
6.0
8.0
91.1%
16.0
130.0
30.0
1.5

TABLE 2 - Cell Site Radius

Propagation
Cell Radius
Zone
(km)
DenseUrban
1.0
Urban
1.2
SubUrban
2

SubUrban
33.0
0.0
2.0
17.0
3.0
-107.0
6.0
8.0
91.1%
16.0
130.0
30.0
1.5

Cell Coverage
(Sq.Km)
3
5
17

Rural

102

Rural Open

197

HATA propagation model

Rural Open
33.0
0.0
2.0
17.0
3.0
-107.0
6.0
8.0
91.1%
16.0
130.0
30.0
1.5

Assumptions:

BSNL - GSM Link Budget

1. BTS output is 43 dBm (20 W) with DCF (4.5 dB loss)

2. Cable loss is 3 dB for 60 meters (4.5 dB for 100 meters
Frequency (MHz)

960

DenseUrban

960

Urban

SubUrban

Rural

Rural Open

33.0
2.0
0.0
2.0
31.0
1.3
17.0
3.0
-107.0
3.0
6.0
3.0
8.0
138.0
30
1.5

33.0
2.0
0.0
2.0
31.0
1.3
17.0
3.0
-107.0
3.0
6.0
3.0
8.0
138.0
30.0
1.5

33.0
2.0
0.0
2.0
31.0
1.3
17.0
3.0
-107.0
3.0
6.0
3.0
8.0
138.0
30.0
1.5

33.0
2.0
0.0
2.0
31.0
1.3
17.0
3.0
-107.0
3.0
6.0
3.0
8.0
138.0
30.0
1.5

33.0
2.0
0.0
2.0
31.0
1.3
17.0
3.0
-107.0
3.0
6.0
3.0
8.0
138.0
30.0
1.5

1.67

2.0

10

13

Balanced
Path
43.0
20.0
3.0
17.0
57.0
501.2
0.0
2.0
-102.0
6.0
3.0
8.0
140.0

Balanced
Path
43.0
20.0
3.0
17.0
57.0
501.2
0.0
2.0
-102.0
6.0
3.0
8.0
140.0

Balanced
Path
43.0
20.0
3.0
17.0
57.0
501.2
0.0
2.0
-102.0
6.0
3.0
8.0
140.0

Balanced
Path
43.0
20.0
3.0
17.0
57.0
501.2
0.0
2.0
-102.0
6.0
3.0
8.0
140.0

Balanced
Path
46.0
39.8
3.0
17.0
60.0
1000.0
0.0
2.0
-102.0
5.5
3.0
8.0
143.5

Cell Coverage

91.1%

91.1%

91.1%

91.1%

91.1%

Edge Reliability

77.3%

77.3%

77.3%

77.3%

77.3%

UPLINK VOICE PATH

Mobile Tx power (dBm)
Mobile Tx power (watts)
Mobile antenna gain (dBi)
Body loss (dB)
Mobile EIRP (dBm)
Mobile EIRP (watts)
Base Rx antenna gain (dBi)
Base Rx cable loss (dB)
Base Rx sensitivity (dBm)
Base Rx diversity gain (dB)
Fade margin (dB)
Noise Margin (db)
Vehicle penetration loss (dB)
Uplink path attenuation (dB)
Base station antenna height (m)
Mobile height (m)
Estimated cell radius (km)

DOWNLINK VOICE PATH

Base Tx power (dBm)

Base Tx power (watts)
Base Tx cable loss (dB)
Base Tx antenna Gain (dBi)
Base EIRP (dBm)
Base EIRP (watts)
Mobile antenna gain (dBi)
Body loss (dB)
Mobile sensitivity (dBm)
Fade margin (dB)
Noise margin (dB)
Vehicle penetration loss (dB)
Downlink path attenuation (dB)

t is 43 dBm (20 W) with DCF (4.5 dB loss)

is 3 dB for 60 meters (4.5 dB for 100 meters of 7/8" cable)

TABLE 1 - High Level Link Budget Parameters

RF Parameter
Mobile Tx power (dBm)
Mobile antenna gain (dBi
Body loss (dB)
Base Rx antenna gain (d
Base Rx cable loss (dB)
Base Rx sensitivity (dBm
Fade margin (dB)
Stnd Dev. (dB)
Area Reliability
Vehicle penetration loss
Uplink path attenuation
Base station antenna he
Mobile height (m)

DenseUrban
33.0
0.0
2.0
17.0
3
-107.0
6.0
8.0
91.1%
8.0
138.0
30.0
1.5

Urban
33.0
0.0
2.0
17.0
3.0
-107.0
6.0
8.0
91.1%
8.0
138.0
30.0
1.5

TABLE 2 - Cell Site Radius

Propagation
Cell Radius
Zone
(km)
DenseUrban
1.7
Urban
2
SubUrban
4

SubUrban
33.0
0.0
2.0
17.0
3.0
-107.0
6.0
8.0
91.1%
8.0
138.0
30.0
1.5

Cell Coverage
(Sq.Km)
9
13
49

Rural

10

291

Rural Open

13

560

HATA propagation model

Rural Open
33.0
0.0
2.0
17.0
3.0
-107.0
6.0
8.0
91.1%
8.0
138.0
30.0
1.5

BHARTI - GSM1800 Link Budget

Assumptions:
1. BTS output is 42.03 dBm (20 W)
2. Cable loss is 3 dB for 60 meters (4.5 dB for 100 meters of 7/8" cable)

Frequency (MHz)

1850

1850

DenseUrban

Urban

SubUrban Rural

Rural Open

UPLINK

TABLE 1 - High Level Link Budget Param

RF Parameter

DenseUrban

Mobile Tx power (d

Mobile Tx power (dBm)

Mobile Tx power (watts)
Mobile antenna gain (dBi)
Body loss (dB)
Mobile EIRP (dBm)
Mobile EIRP (watts)
Base Rx antenna gain (dBi)
Base Rx cable loss (dB)
Base Rx sensitivity (dBm)
Base Rx diversity gain (dB)
Fade margin (dB)
Noise Margin (db)
Vehicle penetration loss (dB)
Uplink path attenuation (dB)
Base station antenna height (m)
Mobile height (m)
C/I
Estimated cell radius (km)
Area (Sq Kms)
Cut Off Values(dBm)

30.0
1.0
0.0
3.0
27.0
0.5
18.0
3.0
-108.5
3.0
5.5
0.0
25.0
123.0
25
1.5
9
0.32
0.27
-61

30.0
1.0
0.0
3.0
27.0
0.5
18.0
3.0
-108.5
3.0
5.5
0.0
20.0
128.0
25.0
1.5
9
0.5
0.75
-66

30.0
1.0
0.0
3.0
27.0
0.5
18.0
3.0
-108.5
3.0
6.5
0.0
12.5
134.5
26.0
1.5
9
2
8.35
-72

30.0
1.0
0.0
3.0
27.0
0.5
18.0
3.0
-108.5
3.0
3.3
0.0
7.0
143.1
30.0
1.5
9
9
210.17
-81

30.0
1.0
0.0
3.0
27.0
0.5
17.0
3.0
-108.5
3.0
5.5
0.0
0.0
147.0
30.0
1.5

Balanced
Path
42.0
16.0
3.0
18.0
57.0
504.7
0.0
3.0
-100.0
5.5
0.0
25.0
123.6

Balanced
Path
42.0
16.0
3.0
18.0
57.0
504.7
0.0
3.0
-100.0
5.5
0.0
20.0
128.6

Cell Coverage

90.1%

90.1%

90.0%

90.0%

96.5%

Edge Reliability

75.2%

75.2%

76.5%

71.1%

86.2%

16

30.0

Mobile antenna gain

0.0

Body loss (dB)

3.0

Base Rx antenna gai

18.0

Base Rx cable loss

Base Rx sensitivity
Fade margin (dB)

-108.5
5.5

Stnd Dev. (dB)

8.0

Area Reliability
Vehicle penetration

90.1%
25.0

Uplink path attenua

123.0

Base station antenn

25.0

Mobile height (m)

1.5
TABLE 2 - Cell Site Radius
Propagation
Zone
DenseUrban
Urban
SubUrban
Rural
Rural Open

DOWNLINK

Base Tx power (dBm)

Base Tx power (watts)
Base Tx cable loss (dB)
Base Tx antenna Gain (dBi)
Base EIRP (dBm)
Base EIRP (watts)
Mobile antenna gain (dBi)
Body loss (dB)
Mobile sensitivity (dBm)
Fade margin (dB)
Noise margin (dB)
Vehicle penetration loss (dB)
Downlink path attenuation (dB)

BalancedBalanced
Path
Path
42.0
42.0
16.0
16.0
3.0
3.0
18.0
18.0
57.0
57.0
504.7
504.7
0.0
0.0
3.0
3.0
-100.0 -100.0
6.5
3.3
0.0
0.0
12.5
7.0
135.0
143.7

MOTOROLA CONFIDENTIAL PROPRIETARY

Balanced
Path
46.0
39.8
3.0
17.0
60.0
1000.0
0.0
3.0
-100.0
6.0
0.0
0.0
151.0

COST 231 - HATA propagation mo

2. Cable loss is 3 dB for 60 meters (4.5 dB for 100 meters of 7/8" cable)

TABLE 1 - High Level Link Budget Parameters

Urban

SubUrban Rural Open

30.0

30.0

30.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

18.0

18.0

17.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

-108.5
5.5

-108.5
6.5

-108.5
5.5

8.0

9.0

5.0

90.1%
20.0

90.0%
12.5

96.5%
0.0

128.0

134.5

147.0

25.0

26.0

30.0

1.5

1.5

1.5

TABLE 2 - Cell Site Radius

Cell Radius Cell Coverage
(km)
0.32

(Sq.Km)
0.27

0.5

0.75

8.35

9
16

210
672

COST 231 - HATA propagation model

MOTOROLA CONFIDENTIAL PROPRIETARY

BHARTI - GSM900 Link Budget

Frequency (MHz)

UPLINK
Mobile Tx power (dBm)
Mobile Tx power (watts)
Mobile antenna gain (dBi)
Body loss (dB)
Mobile EIRP (dBm) Effective Isotropic Radiated Power
Mobile EIRP (watts)
Base Rx antenna gain (dBi)
Base Rx cable loss (dB)
Base Rx sensitivity (dBm)
Base Rx diversity gain (dB)
Fade margin (dB)
Noise Margin (db)
Vehicle penetration loss (dB)
Uplink path attenuation (dB)
Base station antenna height (m)
Mobile height (m)
C/I
Estimated cell radius (km)
Area (Sq Kms)
Cut Off Values(dBm)
DOWNLINK

Base Tx power (dBm)

Base Tx power (watts)
Base Tx cable loss (dB)
Base Tx antenna Gain (dBi)
Base EIRP (dBm)
Base EIRP (watts)
Mobile antenna gain (dBi)
Body loss (dB)
Mobile sensitivity (dBm)
Fade margin (dB)
Noise margin (dB)
Vehicle penetration loss (dB)

Downlink path attenuation (dB)

Cell Coverage
Edge Reliability
Note: HATA propagation model
Note: Receiver Sensitivity =
where: kT =
B=
NF =
C/I
HATA Propagation Model
Cost 231 - HATA Propagation Model
db/decade
db/decade
standard dev
a factor
b factor
t(a)
erf(a)
exponent (a,b)
argument a,b
t(a,b)
erf (a,b)

Caveat: Link budget spreadsheets, although useful as an analysis technique to evaluate relative difference
between radio systems, cannot be used to guarantee capacity or coverage reliability. A detailed system de
needs to be completed which takes into account the specific characteristics of the given area. Some of the
specific characteristics to be accounted for are: site locations, subscriber information, terrain and ground
clutter. The initial settings to the link budget are for planning purposes only and are not meant to be guaran

While reasonable efforts have been made to assure accuracy of this document, Motorola assumes
no liability resulting from omissions in this document, or from use of information obtained herein.
Motorola reserves the right to make changes to any parameters described herein to improve the
reliability, function, or design and reserves the right to revise this document and to make changes from
time to time in content with no obligation to notify any person of revisions or changes. Motorola does not
assume any liability arising out of the application or use of this spreadsheet; neither does it convey license
under its patent rights or rights of others.

Assumptions:
1. BTS output is 42.03 dBm (20 W)
2. Cable loss is 3 dB for 60 meters (4.5 dB for 100 meters

900

900

DenseUrban

Urban

SubUrban

Rural

Rural Open

33.0
2.0
0.0
3.0
30.0
1.0
18.0
3.0
-107.0
3.0
5.5
0.0
25.0
124.5
25
1.5
9
0.68
1.20
-63

33.0
2.0
0.0
3.0
30.0
1.0
18.0
3.0
-107.0
3.0
5.5
0.0
20.0
129.5
25.0
1.5
9
1.1
3.37
-68

33.0
2.0
0.0
3.0
30.0
1.0
18.0
3.0
-107.0
3.0
6.5
0.0
12.5
136.0
26.0
1.5
9
3
28.92
-74

33.0
2.0
0.0
3.0
30.0
1.0
18.0
3.0
-107.0
3.0
3.3
0.0
7.0
144.6
30.0
1.5
9
15
608.06
-83

33.0
2.0
0.0
3.0
30.0
1.0
17.0
3.0
-107.0
3.0
5.5
0.0
0.0
148.5
30.0
1.5

Balanced
Path
43.0
20.0
3.0
18.0
58.0
631.0
0.0
3.0
-102.0
5.5
0.0
25.0

Balanced
Path
43.0
20.0
3.0
18.0
58.0
631.0
0.0
3.0
-102.0
5.5
0.0
20.0

Balanced
Path
43.0
20.0
3.0
18.0
58.0
631.0
0.0
3.0
-102.0
6.5
0.0
12.5

Balanced
Path
43.0
20.0
3.0
18.0
58.0
631.0
0.0
3.0
-102.0
3.3
0.0
7.0

Balanced
Path
46.0
39.8
3.0
17.0
60.0
1000.0
0.0
3.0
-102.0
6.0
0.0
0.0

27

126.5

131.5

138.0

146.6

153.0

90.1%

90.1%

90.0%

90.0%

96.5%

75.2%

75.2%

76.5%

71.1%

86.2%

kTB + NF + C/I
0.2
5
9
130.50
130.11
35.74
35.74
8.0

127.50
127.11
35.74
35.74
8.0

0.5
1.4
0.8
0.5
3.4
1.2
0.6
0.9

0.5
1.4
0.8
0.5
3.4
1.2
0.6
0.9

-174
53.01
10
9
117.32
116.94
35.63
35.63
9.0
0.5
1.2
0.8
0.5
4.6
1.3
0.6
0.9

Version: 5/2/98
Version 1.0

102.90
102.51
35.22
35.22
6.0

97.90
97.51
35.22
35.22
5.0

0.4
1.8
0.8
0.4
2.1
0.9
0.7
0.8

0.8
2.2
0.7
0.7
2.5
1.2
0.6
0.9

dBm (20 W)

r 60 meters (4.5 dB for 100 meters of 7/8" cable)

TABLE 1 - High Level Link Budget Parameters

RF Parameter
DenseUrban
Mobile Tx power (d
33.0

Urban
33.0

SubUrban Rural Open

33.0
33.0

Mobile antenna gain

Body loss (dB)

0.0
3.0

0.0
3.0

0.0
3.0

0.0
3.0

Base Rx antenna gai

18.0

18.0

18.0

17.0

3
-107.0
5.5

3.0
-107.0
5.5

3.0
-107.0
6.5

3.0
-107.0
5.5

8.0

8.0

9.0

5.0

Area Reliability
Vehicle penetration

90.1%
25.0

90.1%
20.0

90.0%
12.5

96.5%
0.0

Uplink path attenua

124.5

129.5

136.0

148.5

Base station antenn

25.0

25.0

26.0

30.0

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

Base Rx cable loss

Base Rx sensitivity
Fade margin (dB)
Stnd Dev. (dB)

Mobile height (m)

Cell Radius Cell Coverage

Zone
DenseUrban

(km)
0.68

(Sq.Km)
1.20

Urban

1.1

3.37

SubUrban

28.92

Rural
Rural Open

15
27

608
1944

HATA propagation model

900
TABLE 1 - Cell Site Radius
Cell Radius Cell Coverage
Zone
(km)
(Sq.Km)
DenseUrban
0.68
1.20
Urban
1.1
3.37
SubUrban
3
28.92
Rural
15
608
Rural Open
27
1944

1800
TABLE 2 - Cell Site Radius
Propagation
Zone
DenseUrban
Urban
SubUrban
Rural
Rural Open

ell Site Radius

Cell Radius Cell Coverage
(km)
(Sq.Km)
0.32
0.27
0.5
0.75
2
8.35
9
210
16
672

900/1800

4.5
4.5
3.5
2.9
2.9