pile foundation

A system of piles, pile caps, and straps (if required) that transfers the struct
ural load to thebearing stratum into which the piles are driven.
McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Architecture and Construction. Copyright 2003 by McGrawHill Companies, Inc.

deep foundation
A continuous
foundation which provides a footing by filling a deep trench with concrete.
McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Architecture and Construction. Copyright 2003 by McGrawHill Companies, Inc.

ASTM
A non-profit technical society (formerly known as the American Society for
Testing andMaterials) that develops and publishes standards, definitions of
materials, methods fortesting materials, recommended installation practices
, and specifications for materials.
McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Architecture and Construction. Copyright 2003 by McGrawHill Companies, Inc.

driven pile
Any pile, such as a precast pile, which is driven into position at its final posi
tion at the site.

axial loading
Application of weight or force along the course of the long axis of the body.

Drilled shafts
Drilled shafts are deep, cylindrical, cast-in-place concrete
foundations poured in and formed by a bored (i.e. drilled)
excavation. They can range from 2 to 30 feet in diameter and
can be over 300 feet in length.
Factor of safety (FS)
safety factor (SF), is a term describing the structural capacity
of a system beyond the expected loads or actual loads.