Appendix

Dr. Alpheus Igbokoyi PTT Well Performance

Artificial Lift

Dr. Alpheus Igbokoyi PTT Well Performance

Gaslift Design

Dr. Alpheus Igbokoyi PTT Well Performance

Gaslift Design

Dr. Alpheus Igbokoyi PTT Well Performance

Gaslift Design Well Unloading Sequence

Dr. Alpheus Igbokoyi PTT Well Performance

Gaslift Design Well Unloading Sequence

Dr. Alpheus Igbokoyi PTT Well Performance

ESP-Electrical Submersible Pump

Good for high volume.
Deviated hole is not a problem.

ESP is good for both land, swamp and offshore.

It can be used with gaslift as a backup.

Dr. Alpheus Igbokoyi PTT Well Performance

ESP-Electrical Submersible Pump

Limitations
High voltage electricity required.
Not good for multiple completion.
Not good for deep and high temperature reservoir.
Not good for high GOR.
Solids, paraffin and wax in the well effluent will present
problem.
Costly to install and repair.
Dr. Alpheus Igbokoyi PTT Well Performance

ESP-Electrical Submersible Pump

General
Available in single or multi-stages centrifugal pumps.
The number of stages determine the length of the pump.
The motor that drives the pump is directly coupled with the
pump.
Hence the pump rotates at the same speed with the electric
motor.

Dr. Alpheus Igbokoyi PTT Well Performance

ESP-Electrical Submersible Pump

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ESP-Electrical Submersible Pump

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ESP-Electrical Submersible Pump

General Contd.
The pressure head h that the pump can support is measured in
water head.

P
h
0.433
h: Water height in ft

P: Pumping pressure differential in psi

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ESP-Electrical Submersible Pump

General Contd.
As the volumetric throughput increases, the pumping head
decreases and power slightly increases.

There exists an optimal range of flow rate where the pump

efficiency is maximal.

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ESP-Electrical Submersible Pump

Limitations of ESP Application
Free gas in oil - Cavitation.
Temperature at depth Limits the life of the material.
Viscosity of oil Increase in viscosity reduces the pump head,
thus many stages may be required in a high volume, high
viscous oil.
Sand and Paraffin will lead to wear and choking conditions
inside the pump.

Dr. Alpheus Igbokoyi PTT Well Performance

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ESP-Electrical Submersible Pump

Design
Followings are required
PI of the well IPR and OPF.
Casing and tubing size.
Static liquid level.

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ESP- Historical Performance

Dr. Alpheus Igbokoyi PTT Well Performance

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ESP- Pump Performance Chart

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ESP- Historical Performance

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ESP- Historical Performance

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ESP- Historical Performance

Pump efficiency E is defined as:

The Pump Hydraulic Power

E
Mechanical Power Work done by electric motor

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ESP- Example 1
Water well 1
Depth (h)

7000 ft

Reservoir pressure (Pr)

1700 psi

Well productivity Index (PI)

2 STB/Day/Psi

Tubing Internal Diameter (d)

2.26 in or 0.188 ft

Surface manifold Pressure (Pm)

50 psi

Design Well Production (Q)

1400 STB/Day

Produced Fluid properties

Water

Fluid Density

0.433 psi/ft

Viscosity

1 cp

Moody friction factor fm

0.03

Pump set at same depth as perforations

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ESP- Example 1
Calculate frictional pressure loss.

L v2
Pf f M f
d 2g

QSTB / Day 5.615 ft 3 / bbl

v
86400 sec/ Day d 2 4 ft 2

1400 5.615 4
3.28 ft / s
2
86400 3.142 0.188

7000
3.28 2
Pf 0.03 0.433

81 psi
0.188 2 32.2
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ESP- Example 1
Calculate required pump discharge pressure.

Pd Ps Pf PHH
Pd 50 81 0.433 7000 3162 psi
The flowing bottom hole pressure and pump intake are the
same and can be calculated from.
Q
Pin Pr
PI
1400
1700
1000 psi
2

It is essential tha {P-Pin}> 50 psi to ensure there is a minimum

height of fluid above the pump section so that it doesnt run
dry..
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ESP- Example 1
Calculate required number of stages.
Required water head from performance chart is 58 ft
N

Pd Pin psi
3162 1000 86

H ft 0.433 psi / ft 58 1 0.433

stages

Calculate hydraulic horse power.

Hydraulic horse power per stage is 0.52
HHP 86Stages 0.52HHP / Stages 45 HP
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ESP- Example 1
The following relationship can be used to estimate pump
performance at different conditions.

Pump rate2 Pump speed 2

Pump rate1 Pump speed1

Hydrostatic head 2 Pump speed 2

Hydrostatic head1 Pump speed1

motor power2 Pump speed 2

motor power1 Pump speed1

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