Type of Questions in Exam:

1. MCQ(Theory based and conceptual)

2. MMCQ(Theory based and conceptual)
3. Subjective(total 4 questions will come, 5-5-5-10)
subjective questions--for marks of question you will get 750 character inclusive
space, enter and any punctuation characters and for 10 marks of questions you w
ill get 1500 characters
No negetive marks
TYpe of subjective questions:
1. What is the difference between Truncate, Drop and Delete commands?[5]
2. What is the need of DBCC commands in SQL Server?[5]
3. What is the use of FOR XML clause in SQL Server? What are the various modes o
f the FOR XML clause?[5]
4. What are joins? Explain the various types of joins with example.[10]
5. A transaction must possess the ACID properties. What are these?[5]
6. What are NULL values? Why should we avoid permitting null values in database?
[5]
Ans: A NULL value in a column implies that the data value for the column is not
available. It states that the corresponding value is either unknown or undefined
. We should avoid permitting null values in databases because you cannot impose
the primary key or foriegn key constraints on the column,which contains null val
ue. if there is any null value in column, we can use isnull() and coalesce() to
perform matemetical operations.
7. What is a relationship? How is it depicted in ER diagram? How can you map man
y to many relations from ER diagram to table? Explain with example.[10]
Ans: A relationship can be defined as as association among entities. For example
, there is a relationship between students and teachers, which represents the fa
ct that a teacher teaches several students and a student is taught by several te
achers. This relationship could be named as TEACHES. Arelationship is depicted a
s a diamond with the name of the relationship type.
In a many to many relationaship, many instances of an entity can relate to more
than one instance of the related entity. For example, a student can issue many b
ooks and one book can be issued to many students. In this situation the type of
relation we can give ISSUES and two entities are STUDENT(StudentId as primary ke
y) and BOOK(BookId as primary key). The relationship ISSUES have some attributes
associated to it, such as the date on which the book was issued or returned alo
ng with 2 foreign keys StudentId and BookId.
8. What do you mean Denormalization? What is a need of Denormalizing data?[5]
9. Explain the use of PIVOT and UNPIVOT clauses in SQL Server.[5]
10.What are user-defined functions? What kind of user-defined functions can be c
reated in SQL Server?[10]
11. What are the various commands used to control the data access in the databas
e? Explain.[5]
Ans: The following are the varoius commands used to control the data access in t
he database:

GRANT: the GRANT command is used to assign permissions to users to access a data
base object.
REVOKE: the REVOKE is used to deny permissions to users to access a database obj
ect.
12. To summarize or group data in databases, what kind of various clauses or ope
rators can be used? Explain with definition.[5]
13. What are statistics? How it can be created and updated? Explain with syntax.
[10]
14. Explain the various guidelines that need to be followed while creating Views
.[5]
15. What are synonyms in SQL Server? Explain with syntax.[10]
16. Define Data Manipulation Language(DML). Explain DML statements in SQL Server
with syntax.[10]
17. What are the advantages of using DBMS?[5]
18. Briefly explain the functionalities that can be used to track data changes i
n SQL Server?[5]

What is need of learning SQL in .Net/Java?

An application development consists of 3 components.
1. UI(HTML5/HTML)
2. Business Logic (C#/Java, ASP.Net, Azure, Servlet, JSP, JSF etc.)
3. Data Access Logic(code to connect with database and we have to create our own
database)
so to create our own database and corresponding database object and to manipulat
e the data from database we need to learn RDBMS(SQL), Nobody will help us to mak
e this last component.