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Product Manual
And Installation Guide
WirelessGRID Indoor Wireless Bridge
(For use with outdoor antennas and RF cables)
Revision 1.01
12/16/2004 3:48 AM
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Package Checklist
Each AI108-4958-N comes in one carton and contains the following
components:
One indoor bridge unit with N-type female connector
One 6 foot straight-through Ethernet cable
One 120V AC Power Supply (Full range option available)
This installation manual
NOTE
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Hardware Description
Ethernet Compatibility
Each AIRAYA WirelessGRID wireless bridge can be attached directly to a
10BASE-T/100BASE-TX (twisted-pair) Ethernet LAN segment. These
segments must conform to the IEEE 802.3 specification.
Radio Characteristics
The WirelessGRID bridge utilizes a radio modulation technique known as
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and is capable of
operating in the 4.9 GHz to 5.850 GHz frequency range with 5, 10, 20, or
40 MHz wide channels. Data is transmitted over a half-duplex radio
channel at speeds of up to 108 Mbps.
Antenna Type
The AI108-4958-kit comes with 23 dBi panel antennas that operate in the
5.15-5.850 GHz frequency range.
For international and military markets, the AI108-4958-N can be used with
external antennas options and radio output power between 6 and 21 dBm.
Please contact AIRAYA for additional antenna options. Local regulations apply.
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TIP
Multipoint Architecture
Figure 2. This diagram illustrates a typical use
scenario of a WirelessGRID outdoor base station
connecting to multiple subscriber units at
different locations in a city. Up to 32 subscriber
units can be connected to one base station.
WirelessGRID point-to-point and multipoint
functionality can be combined to form a
broadband wireless infrastructure.
Repeater Architecture
Figure 3. This diagram illustrates the use of an
AI108-4958-ON2 repeater/base station. The
single radio repeater configuration requires two
antenna/cable assemblies to one pointing toward
the building to the left and one pointing toward
the building to the right. Alternatively, this
product can be used as a base station with two
sector antennas to increase the coverage area
wider horizontal plane. For example, two 120o
sector antennas attached to the AI108-4958-ON2
would provide a 240o degree coverage area.
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NOTE
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Make sure that you are adequately grounded by touching the bare
metal surface on the back of a computer or networking device
before installing bridge.
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LED
Indication
Power LED
5 GHz LED
10M LED
100M LED
Rear Panel
Reset button
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NOTE
When wall mounting the antenna to the side of a structure, you will not need the back
portion of the mounting bracket. Use screw-in anchors, molly bolts, or pan-head screws to
attach antenna mounting bracket to side of structure.
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TIP
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Getting Started
The factory default IP address of the WirelessGRID bridge is 192.168.1.70.
Type that string into the address field of your browser and press the
Return key to load the WirelessGRID NMS.
You will be prompted for a User Name and Password. Refer to the next
section for information about default settings.
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The following sections describe the entries in each area of the Current
Settings screen:
Current Settings
Quick Add Instructions Step-by-step instructions to set up and add a
new bridge to a WirelessGRID network.
Software Revision Current software (firmware) version installed on the
bridge.
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The Add New Bridge to WirelessGRID section of the screen contains the following
entries:
Quick Add Instructions Step-by-step instructions to set up and add a
new bridge to a WirelessGRID network
Bridge MAC Address The MAC address of a remote bridge you want
authorized to connect to the bridge you are working with. You must enter
this information in the proper format. Base stations can accept up to 32
entries. Backhaul/Point-point bridges and subscriber units can accept 2
entries.
Location Identifier A text description of the bridge you are adding
(e.g. Building 12). Note: This feature is not enabled at this time.
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NOTE
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Country Code Select the Country Code for the location in which the
WirelessGRID will be operating. If you are not sure select N/A; all channel
options available in the WirelessGRID network will be provided. Changing
the Country Code will change available Wireless Mode, Radio Frequency
(center channels), and Data Rate options for your WirelessGRID.
NOTE
When you have finished updating the Country Code, make sure
to press Update to view revised Wireless Mode, Radio
Frequency, and Data Rate settings.
Wireless Mode Select the desired channel size for your AIRAYA
WirelessGRID bridge. The unit is capable of operating on 5, 10, 20 or 40
MHz wide channels.
NOTE
When you have finished updating the Wireless Mode, make sure
to press Update to view revised Radio Frequency, and Data Rate
settings.
You must press Update after each radio parameter change. Radio
parameters are interdependent, so each will change with every selection
you make.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
All bridges in the WirelessGRID network require the same Country Code,
WirelessGRID ID, Wireless Mode, and Radio Frequency settings to send
and receive information.
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Administrator User Name Create a new user name by typing over the
contents of this field. Default Administrator User Name: Airaya.
Administrator Password Create a new password by typing over the
contents of this field. Default Password: Airaya
Unique Name A 32 character string used to identify the bridge. Default
Unique Name: AIRAYA (All capital letters.)
Statistics Update Interval This value sets the page refresh rate for
the remote bridge statistics screen and graph. Default interval: 5
Factory Defaults This button clears all parameters and resets the
bridge to factory default settings.
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WirelessGRID Authentication
Click Configure to add, edit, or delete bridge MAC addresses from the
WirelessGRID authorization list.
NOTE
Refer to the section on the WirelessGRID System Setup tab for detailed
instructions on how to add, edit, or delete bridge MAC addresses.
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This function in not supported in the current release. Refer to the section on
the Security Server tab for detailed instructions on how to configure the
Security Server.
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Use the following steps to add a Pre-Shared Key to the Key Manager on
the main security screen:
1.
2.
3.
4.
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Follow these steps to remove a Unique Key from the Key Manager:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Press
Enter
Press
Press
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Bridge Status
Current Status. Current state of remote bridge. While authenticated, the
remote bridge status should indicate "Associated".
Uptime. Elapsed time the bridge has been up and since the last power
cycle.
Operating In. Specifies the general frequency range remote bridge is
operating in.
Security Type. Displays the current Security Type settings for this bridge.
NOTE
Last Transmitted. Signal Strength values (measured in dBm) for the last
packets transmitted. Signal Strength is a good indicator of how your link
will run. When best data rate is selected low values indicate the local and
remote bridge are operating in a slower mode.
Last Received. Signal Strength values (measured in dBm) for the last
packets received.
Data Rate - Sending. Displays the current radio data rate being used to
send data between the local and remote bridge.
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Data Rate - Receiving. Displays the current radio data rate being used to
receive data.
Packets Sent. Indicates the total number of packets transmitted since the
bridge has been up.
Packets Received. Indicates the total number of packets received since
the bridge has been up.
Receive Packet Errors. Indicates the total number of receive packets
errors generated since the bridge has been up.
Receive Packet Error rate (PER). Percentage of receive packet errors to
packets received since the bridge has been up.
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The following screen shows the settings used for upgrading bridge
firmware:
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Settings include:
Host Name The IP address of FTP server where new firmware is
located.
User Name Authorized User Name for accessing the FTP server.
Password Valid Password for accessing the FTP server.
Image Path Path to firmware image on the FTP server. If firmware
image is located in the root directory of your FTP server, leave this field
empty.
Image Name Filename of firmware image.
Update Firmware Button to start upload procedure for new firmware.
Help Tab
The AIRAYA online help system provides useful information about all
parameters and menus available in the WirelessGRID NMS and
configuration utility. Select the Help tab on any screen and the appropriate
topics will appear in a pop-up style browser window.
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Before setting up a link between two or more locations, you should take GPS
readings at both ends of your link to confirm distance and elevation estimates.
Garmin International (www.garmin.com) manufactures excellent low-cost GPS
navigation units that can be used to calculate distance. Most GPS devices
contain a built-in compass that will help also help you to visually aim bridges in
the right direction.
AIRAYA recommends that you use a two-person installation team when using
the Antenna Alignment and Link Monitoring Tool. To complete alignment
successfully, youll need team members at both ends of the link to relay
information and make physical adjustments to each bridge.
Two 1/2 inch wrenches per end (four total) for adjusting and
mounting antenna on mast
One 7/16 inch socket or wrench for removing antenna mount from
antenna (commonly used to change between vertical and horizontal
polarization). Note: Torque less than 30 pounds.
Cell phones or two-way radios for communicating with each team
member.
When youve assembled the necessary tools and personnel to physically
adjust your bridges, refer to the next section, Running the Antenna
Alignment and Signal Quality Tool.
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3. At the Telnet prompt, enter the login (Administrative User Name) and
press Enter.
4. Enter the Administrative Password and press Enter.
5. Enter Remote MAC Address of the bridge you would like to test and
press Enter.
When youve entered the remote MAC address of the remote bridge and
pressed Enter, you should see receive signal strength values (displayed in
dBm) streaming across the Telnet screen (see figure below). These values
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TIP
If you do not see values streaming across the screen, confirm that both
bridges are powered on and then manually aim the bridges at each other
until the values appear. If you see very few or no values streaming across
the screen, there is probably no traffic going across the radio link. You
can generate traffic by opening additional ping windows or FTP file
transfers on your test stations if you do not have a traffic-generating
program.
FAST FACT
Optimal RSSi values for field deployments range between 18 and 40. Values
for bench tests can be as high as 75. The disparity between such figures is
normal, due to factors such as loss of signal strength along the wireless path,
alignment differences, environmental issues, and other variables.
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TIP
Leave the antenna real-time signal strength monitor running until the Side B
antenna or outdoor unit is securely fastened to ensure that the RSSi values
dont change, and remain optimized.
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Radio Type
Standards
Compliance
Radio Receiver
Sensitivity
Operating Modes
Antenna Type(s)
Range
FCC/Industry
Canada Version
International
Version
Up to 30 miles (48.27 km) - N-type version (AI108-4958-ONxxx) with max radio output power and optional external 34.5 dBi
antennas
Security
Authentication and
Encryption
Software Upgrades
FTP download
Antenna Alignment
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Real-time
Monitoring
LMR-400
Cable Length
Cable Connectors
Interfaces
Antenna Connector
Bridge Connector
Ethernet
Electrical
Power Input
Power Output
Mechanical Dimensions
Outdoor Antenna
Wireless Bridge
Outdoor Antenna
Mount
Includes mast mount(s) and clamp kit(s) for 1 to 4.5 in (26 to 115
mm) diameter mast, also wall-mount capable
Environmental
Radio Operating
Temperature
Radio Operating
Humidity
Outdoor Antenna
Safety
UL - Canada, USA, CE
Radio
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Outdoor Base Station (BSU) w/150ft. PoE Cable, 1 x N-type female connector
AI108-4958-ON2-150
AI108-4958-OSU
AI108-4958-SU
(1)
Complete kit includes 2 radio bridges with 50ft. PoE Cables, 23 dBi antennas
AI108-4958-O-150
Complete kit includes 2 radio bridges with 150ft. PoE Cables, 23 dBi antennas
AI108-4958-O-300
Complete kit includes 2 radio bridges with 300ft. PoE Cables, 23 dBi antennas
AI108-4958-ON-150
Complete kit includes 2 radio bridges with 150ft. PoE Cables, N-type female
Connectors, and outdoor mounting brackets. No antennas
AI108-4958-1
AI108-4958-N
(2)
(1)
Antennas
AI108-MP-60
(3)
AI108-MP-90
(3)
AI108-MP-120
AI108-MP-OMNI
AI108-2-28
AI108-2-23
23 dBi Directional Panel Antenna - 10.5o H, 10.5o V, 23 dBi Gain, (5.15-5.875 GHz)
(3)
(3)
Lightning Protection
AI108-LA-PoE
AI108-LA-Ethernet
AI108-LA5
(4)
Ordering Notes:
(1) For Base Stations (BSU, BSU2), outdoor bridge N-type kits (ON), and N-type indoor bridges (N), antennas
are ordered separately
(2) Two AI108-4958-1 units (unless ordered as AI108-4958-kit) are required to setup a complete building to
building bridge.
(3) Sector and Omni antennas come with 6ft LMR-400 NM-NM cable when ordered with base station/repeater
(4) 5 GHz RF Cable Lightning Arrestor comes with 6ft LMR-400 cable when ordered with bridge
O designates the unit is designed for outdoor use and comes in a NEMA-rated outdoor enclosure
N designates the unit has N-type connector(s) and does not come with cables or antennas
cables or antennas
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4.990-4.995 GHz
Public Safety
Band
5.25-5.35 GHz
Band
5260,
5275,
5290,
5305,
5320,
5335,
5.47-5.72 GHz
Band
5.725-5.85 GHz
Band
5 MHz Wide
Channel
Selections
5255,
5270,
5285,
5300,
5315,
5330,
5345
5265,
5280,
5295,
5310,
5325,
5340,
5480,
5495,
5510,
5525,
5540,
5555,
5570,
5585,
5600,
5615,
5630,
5645,
5660,
5675,
5690,
5705,
5485,
5500,
5515,
5530,
5545,
5560,
5575,
5590,
5605,
5620,
5635,
5650,
5665,
5680,
5695,
5710,
5490,
5505,
5520,
5535,
5550,
5565,
5580,
5595,
5610,
5625,
5640,
5655,
5670,
5685,
5700,
5715
5725,
5740,
5755,
5770,
5785,
5800,
5815,
5830,
5845
5730,
5745,
5760,
5775,
5790,
5805,
5820,
5835,
5735,
5750,
5765,
5780,
5795,
5810,
5825,
5840,
10 MHz Wide
Channel
Selections
5490,
5520,
5550,
5580,
5610,
5640,
5670,
5700,
5500,
5530,
5560,
5590,
5620,
5650,
5680,
5710,
5510,
5540,
5570,
5600,
5630,
5660,
5690,
5720
5730,
5760,
5790,
5820,
5740,
5770,
5800,
5830,
5750,
5780,
5810,
5840
20 MHz Wide
Channel
Selections
4950, 4970
5480,
5540,
5600,
5660,
5500,
5560,
5620,
5680,
5520,
5580,
5640,
5700
40 MHz Wide
Channel
Selections
4965
5270, 5310
5760, 5800
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If you receive ping responses from both test stations, the network IP configuration and
physical wiring is working properly between the 2 test stations using Ethernet. If you
cannot ping both test stations, check your Ethernet cable connections and test station
network settings to verify they are configured properly.
NOTE
If ping does not work between 2 wired test stations, it will not work between 2 test stations connected by a WirelessGRID link.
WirelessGRID products shipped as complete kits have one bridge factory-configured with IP address 192.168.1.70, and one
bridge factory-configured with IP address 192.168.1.71. Both bridges have a default subnet mask of 255.255.255.0
100 Mbps full duplex ports are best from connecting bridges to wired Ethernet networks.
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Start a continuous ping from test Station A to bridge end point A. To start a
continuous ping using the factory default IP settings of the bridge, type the
following into a DOS or CMD window on test station A:
Ping 192.168.1.70 t (leave this ping window running so you can see ping
results easily)
2.
Check that the Ethernet link light is on at test station A if connected directly to bridge A with
cross-over cable, or on the switch/router port that bridge A is plugged into if connected with
a straight-though Ethernet cable.
If the Ethernet link light is on and you cannot ping bridge A, then re-check IP address and
After ~30 seconds, you should see ping responses from 192.168.1.70 (bridge A). If you
see ping responses on test station A, you have an IP network connection between test
station A and bridge A.
If you can ping bridge A, you can open the HTTP configuration utility and network
management system (NMS) using a web browser. You will not be able to ping across the
link to bridge B until WirelessGRID bridge list authorization entries are made in both
bridges. (See step 3)
3.
Setup the Ethernet network connection between bridge B and test station B using
the same procedure described above, then verify that the test station B to bridge
B setup is correct.
NOTE
When doing a multipoint bench test, it is easiest to setup the base station as bridge A, and
the first subscriber unit as bridge B using the procedure above. To test additional
subscriber units, repeat step 3, substituting a new subscriber unit (with a different IP
address) one at a time. This will help to simplify diagnostics and reduce confusion.
After verifying that both bridges and their respective test stations can
communicate via Ethernet, go to step 3.
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Factory default administrative User Name and Password are Airaya with an uppercase A
As a security measure, the WirelessGRID http configuration utility and network management systems (NMS) will timeout if left
open with no activity for 3 or more minutes. You will need to re-login to again access the utility.
On each test station, open an http session by entering the bridge IP address into
the address field of your web browser. The correct format is:
http://192.168.1.70, or whatever the bridges IP address has been set to.
2.
Login using the default Administrator name and password. Each test station
should now be displaying the Current Settings screen.
3.
Record the IP address and MAC address of each bridge. You can also enter a
Unique Name under the Admin Setup tab to help in identifying bridges. It is
common to use this field to enter 32-character location identifiers.
Bridge
IP Address
MAC Address
Unique Name
A
B
1.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Under WirelessGRID Bridge List, on bridge A, click Add New, and enter
bridge Bs MAC address in the Bridge MAC Address box, using the
xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx format. Click Add New.
On bridge B, use the same procedure above to add bridge As MAC address.
On the Security tab, make sure both ACL Authentication and encryption are
disabled.
On each bridge, click on the Reboot button on either the Network Settings or
Radio Settings tab to enable new WirelessGRID Bridge List settings.
On each bridge, reopen the http interface and verify that entries were correctly
saved by reviewing the Current Settings screen.
After verifying that both bridges have the proper WirelessGRID Bridge List
settings, go to step 4.
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Test
Station A
Test
Station B
Bridge A
Test
Station A
Test
Station B
Bridge B
Bridge A
Test
Station A
Test
Station B
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NOTE
When doing a Multipoint bench test, it is best to setup the base station as bridge A, and
the first subscriber unit as bridge B using the procedure in Step 3. To test additional
subscriber units, use this procedure for each new subscriber unit, repeating the ping test for
bridge B one at a time. Use different IP addresses for each new subscriber units. (E.g. Ping
192.168.1.74 -t for subscriber two, and so on) This will simplify diagnostics. Once all
subscriber units (SU) respond to this test and you have verified that each subscriber has a
different IP address, you can power up all SUs and each one should be ping-able.
If you use 10 Mbps Ethernet to communicate with a WirelessGRID bridge, you will not get
maximum throughput, and packet errors may occur between the bridge and your 10 Mbps
Ethernet device. AIRAYA recommends 100 Mbps Ethernet switches or routers to maximize
throughput. Throughput tests will not work if Step 4 above has not been finished
successfully.
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With steps 1 through 4 completed, and a ping session running to verify youre connected
to bridge A, open a Telnet session from test station A to bridge A using the following
steps.
1. Open a Telnet session to the bridge A, IP address, port 3000 (see example
below).
2. At the Telnet prompt, enter the User Name and press Enter.
3. Enter the Password and press Enter.
4. Enter the Remote MAC Address of bridge B and press Enter.
When youve entered the remote MAC address of bridge B and pressed Enter, you
should see receive signal strength values (displayed in dBm) streaming across the
Telnet screen (see figure below). These values indicate the RSSi (signal strength) of
the RF packets sent from bridge B.
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The first 20 values displayed on each line represent individual RSSi values; the 21st
represents the average of the first 20 values (e.g.: avg: 19). Focus on obtaining the
highest average values.
The key to achieving optimal throughput and reliable radio communication is to obtain the
highest possible average RSSi values for bridges at BOTH ends of a link. This means you
need to run this utility from both ends of a link to ensure signal strength is good in both
directions.
Now that you are familiar with operation of two stations, and if you are testing a
multipoint installation, you can add subscriber units to your test, one at a time. Be sure
to add ONLY the BSU MAC address to each subscriber units WirelessGRID bridge list, and
add all subscriber MAC address to the base stations WirelessGRID bridge list.
IP Address
MAC Address
1 (BSU)
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
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Unique Name
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Contacting AIRAYA
Contact your AIRAYA distributor or dealer before you call AIRAYA. They
are familiar with your needs and will generally be able to provide you with
the fastest and most comprehensive support. If they are unavailable or
unable to answer your questions, then contact AIRAYA directly by one of
the methods listed below.
Before contacting our technical support team, please create a copy of the
Current Settings tab using your web browser and the instructions in this
manual. If you are not able to run the web-based configuration utility,
then write down any error messages you see on-screen and the
appropriate support number list above.
AIRAYA Contacts
Phone
Skype
Fax
E-mail
Web site
IMPORTANT NOTE
Free support is only available to registered users. Register via the AIRAYA
web site (www.airaya.com) in the support section. Support is available 24
hours a day.
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