Report on

Variable Valve Timing and

Lift Electronic Control

Presented To

Presented By

Prof. Pradeep Kumar Gupta

Ankit Kumar Singh

Professor and Head, Mech Engg

BTech Mech Engg (III yr.)

ABES Institute of Technology

Roll No.

1329040023

ACKNOWLEDGMENT
It is my proud privilege to acknowledge the kind of help and guidance
recei ed fro se eral people i preparatio of this report. It ould t
have been possible to prepare this report without your valuable help,
corporation and guidance.
First and foremost, I wish to record my gratitude to Prof. Pradeep
Kumar Gupta, Professor and Head, Mechanical Engineering
Department, ABES Institute of Technology, Ghaziabad for his constant
support and encouragement in preparation of this report and also wish
to acknowledge the help from my classmates for their valuable efforts.

INDEX
S.No.

Topics

Page No.

01

Cover Page

01

02

Acknowledgment

02

03

Index

03

04

Introduction

04

05

Need of VTEC

04

06

General Diagram

04

07

Working of VTEC System

05

08

Advantages

08

09

Disadvantages

08

10

Scope

08

11

Conclusion

09

12

Reference

09

13

Queries

10

INTRODUCTION
VTEC is the acronym for VTEC (Variable Valve Timing and Lift
Electronic Control), an evolution of Honda's VTEC engine.
The VTEC engine works by controlling the timing and lifting of the
camshafts depending on engine speeds.

NEED OF VTEC
excellent fuel efficiency
superb performance
cleaner emissions
driving comfort
VTEC system provides excellent fuel efficiency to the engine by
controlling the valve timing in most appropriate mode. Thus it provide
great performance and cleaner emission as it burns the required fuel
and no extra fuel is left unburned.

General Diagram of 4 stroke Internal Combustion

Engine
Four stroke Internal Combustion Engine is used in automobiles mainly.
4

The General diagram of four stroke IC engine

Working of VTEC System

In 4-stroke engine, the operation is completed in four strokes of the
pistons in two revolution of the crankshaft. During these all four strokes,
five processes are about to be completed i.e. suction, compression,
combustion, expansion and exhaust. Each stroke is completed in 180 of
rotation of crankshaft and the all four strokes is completed in 720 of
rotation. With the completion of one cycle in two revolution of
crankshaft, power is produced during the power stroke.
When the first stroke i.e. Suction stroke starts, it takes the Air-Fuel
mixture from the Intake valve. VTEC regulates the opening of air-fuel
5

intake valves and exhaust valves in accordance with engine speeds. The
engine Intake valve opens less for lower speed for the normal driving
condition and also the engine is allowed to open more the intake valve
for supplying more air-fuel mixture inside the combustion chamber of
the engine to provide higher power and speed of the engine.
Normal valve mechanism has a single camshaft profile but in the VTEC,
it has two cam profile having lobes in the camshaft arrangement. These
lobes provide the motion in this mechanism for the opening and closing
and closing of intake valve and exhaust valve.

The arrangement of the camshaft in VTEC

system is made in such a way that when the
intake valve is open, the exhaust valve is
closed and vice-versa. From figure, at low rpm
the valve opening is less so that the less
amount of air-fuel mixture should go inside
the combustion chamber and providing less
fuel consumption. At high rpm, the intake
valve opening is more so that more air-fuel
mixture will go inside the combustion
chamber and therefore more power will be
produced and hence greater performance is
achieved.

To control more or less opening of intake valve and also the opening
and closing of exhaust valve, a synchronizing pin or sliding pin is used to
control the movement of camshaft and provide effective opening and
closing of intake valve and exhaust valve. The hydraulic pressure pushes
or releases the sliding pin in the VTEC system arrangement. Sliding pin is
used for locking and unlocking the middle rocker and other rocker arm.
At low rpm, the sliding pin is retracted thus disengaging the
middle rocker arm. So doing this, the intake and exhaust valve is
operated by two outside low profile cam for low lave lift.
At high rpm, the hydraulic pressure is increased thus pushes the
sliding pin and engaging the middle rocker arm. Thus intake valve
7

and exhaust valve is operated by middle high profile cam for

higher valve lift.

ADVANTAGES

More power produced

Better fuel efficiency
High performance & lower fuel consumption
Regulates valves timing for opening & closing the intake &
exhaust valves effectively

DISADVANTAGES

Higher cost
More complex Mechanism
Wear & Tear problem
Failed to overcome Turbo-charging
Decrease engine life

SCOPE
Use of different fuels
Lowering cost
Lowering the emission to low
High performance achievement of engine

CONCLUSION
VTEC System is more advanced than the previous used valve timing
technologies in the automobiles by the Honda which could only change
the time of both valves during the intake and exhaust strokes. Thus
VTEC can alter both the movement of camshaft duration and valve lift.
VTEC system gives the best in vehicle performance, fuel economy,
reduced emission and the power of the engine is improved.

REFERENCE
1 Honda website dated 26th sept,15
http://world.honda.com/automobile-technology/i-VTEC/
http://world.honda.com/automobile-technology/VTEC/

2 Youtube dated 26th sept,15

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ukJ7Az1FtF8

3 Wikipedia dated 26th sept,15

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VTEC

4 Internal Combustion Engines by V. Ganesan, 4th edition, textbook for

3rd yr. Mechanical engineering.

QUERIES
Question 1: Why is VTEC system only being used in petrol variant Honda
cars?
Ashutosh Dubey, classmate
Answer: VTEC system is designed with compatibility of engines using
Petrol as its fuel. Petrol variant engines are smaller in size compared to
diesel engines. Thus for using this system for other fuels, some
modifications are required in the valve mechanism system.

Question 2: Which valve mechanism system is used in cars other than

VTEC system by Honda?
Abhinav, classmate
Answer: DTEC system is used in Honda cars using diesel as its fluid and
those engines are bigger in size than the engines using petrol.

Question 3: Why this VTEC system is incompatible with diesel cars,

show this on p-v diagram?
Akash Gaur, classmate
Answer: Otto cycle

Diesel cycle

10

On comparison between Otto cycle (Petrol) and Diesel cycle, it can be

observed that heat addition (Qin) in diesel engine is done at constant
volume process and due to this the size of engine is bigger when
compared to Petrol engine. Thus a new valve mechanism system is
required i.e. DTEC system.

Question 4: Why the VTEC system has Wear and Tear problem in them?
Mr Pradeep Gupta,HOD
Answer: VTEC system or Valve mechanism system performs thousands
of revolution per minutes with respect to the camshaft. Thus in this very
fast system the chances of wear and tear are more that need to be
overcome.

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