Histology Syllabus

PAMANTASAN NG LUNGSOD NG MAYNILA
(University of the City of Manila)

Intramuros, Manila
COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
COURSE SYLLABUS IN HISTOLOGY
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
Program
:
Course Title :
Course Code :
Course Credit :
Faculty Members :
VI.
Course Description
Doctor of Medicine
Histology (Microscopic Anatomy
MED 501
136 lecture hours,
Dr. Celia G. Tolentino
Dr. Jose Ruel G. Tolentino
Histology deals with the study of the microscopic structures of the human body. The first
year medical students are exposed to 2 semesters of histology. The first semester is
devoted to the study of cell biology and the basic tissues and in the second semester the
history of the different organs systems. Methods of instruction include ~136 lecture hours,
supervised microscopic work and demonstration of difficult structures.
VII.
Course Objectives
The subject of histology is offered in the first year of the medical course to give students a
working knowledge and skill in microscopic work. This preparation is needed in the subjects
of pathology, physiology, and parasitology as well as in research and future clinical practice.
VIII.
Needed Preparation
Knowledge of microscopy in their preparatory course.
Page 1 of 32
COURSE OBJECTIVES
FIRST SEMESTER
WEEK 1
TOPIC: THE
CELL
COGNITIVE: The Cell

At the end of the session the students should be able to:
A. GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the histology of the cell. ILO 1 I, 2 I/P, 4 I,
5I
SBO.
1. Illustrate the structure of the cell.
2. Describe the histologic features of the following:
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
3. Discuss the structure of organelles as well as its function.
4. Describe inclusions.
5. Discuss cellular details in relation to its function.
6. Name 2 forms of cell division.
7. Describe the stages of mitosis.
8. Describe the stages of meiosis.
9. Define cytomorphosis.
10. Describe the different stage of cytomorphosis.
PSYCHOMOTOR: The Cell

A. GIO
Demonstrate skill in microscopy as well as interpretation of tissue sections using a light
microscope and prepared slides in the interpretation of tissue sections.
SBO
1. Use the microscope properly.
2. Interpret tissue sections considering the following:
Mental construction of the 3rd dimension of structures.
Time as the 4th dimension
Procedure in tissue preparation
3. Recognize tissue patterns in any prepared slides in the box.
4. Recognize varieties in size and shape of cells in prepared slides.
5. Recognize varieties in number, location, and shapes of nucleus in prepared slides.
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6. Identify parts of the cell in prepared slides.

7. Identify organelles in prepared slides.
8. Identify inclusions in prepared slides.
9. Recognize artifacts in any slide.
10. Identify the different stages of mitosis in prepared slides.
11. Correlated histological changes occurring in cells found to be cancerous after biopsy
in a 55-years-old man with painless ulcer in his lower lip.
Teaching Strategy: Small group discussion / Lecture/ Supervised microscopy
Evaluation: Practical Examination, written examination
Time allotment /section: 4 hours (2 hours small group discussion or lecture + 2 hours
laboratory work)
Page 3 of 32
WEEK 2
TOPIC: Epithelium
and Glands
COGNITIVE: Epithelium
A. GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the histology of epithelium and glands.
ILO 1 I, 2 I/P, 4 I, 5 I
SBO
1. Define epithelium.
2. Enumerate the general characteristics of epithelial tissues.
3. Classify epithelial tissue according to the following:
Number of cell layers
Shape of surface cells
4. Give locations in the body where the different epithelia are found.
5. Correlate types of epithelial tissue with function.
6. Discuss epithelial polarity.
7. Describe the junctional complexes present on the lateral plasma membrane for cell
cohesion for cell cohesion and cell communication of epithelia.
8. Describe the basal lamina.
9. Describe surface specializations present in epithelia.
10. Describe basal specializations of epithelia.
11. Describe the lateral specializations of epithelia
12. Describe the histological changes occurring in an epithelium undergoing metaplasia
in a patient with a history of repeated pain in the right kidney due to the presence of a
stone (calculus) found on x-ray.
COGNITIVE: Glands
SBO
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Define glands.
Describe the histogenesis of glands.
Describe the histological organization of exocrine glands.
Describe myoepithelial basket cells
Classify glands according to the following:
Number of component cells
Shape or morphology
Type of secretion
Mode of secretion
Presence or absence of ducts
6. Describe serous demilunes.
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PSYCHOMOTOR: Epithelium and glands

A. GIO
Demonstrate the skill in recognition of epithelia and glands using a light
microscope and prepared slides.
SBO
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Identify types of epithelia in prepared slides.

Identify the basal lamina in a prepared slides.
Identify surface modifications in the following slides:
Recognize the organization of gland in a prepared slides.
Identify myoepithelial basket cells in prepared slides.
Identify glands according to tis classification in prepared slides.
Identify serous demilunes in prepared slides.
Identify the different types of ducts in prepared slides.
WEEK 3
TOPIC: Connective
Tissue Proper
COGNITIVE: Connective Tis sue Proper

A. GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the histology of connective tissue. ILO 1 I,
2 I/P, 4 I, 5 I
SBO
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Give the origin of connective tissue

Correlate structure of connective tissue with its function.
Name the composition of connective tissue.
Name the 2 categories of cells in connective tissue.
Describe the characteristic histologic feature of connective tissue cells as well as its
function.
6. Give the composition of extracellular matrix.
7. Describe ground substance.
8. Describe extracellular fibers.
9. Name the cells that belong to the mononuclear phagocytic system.
10. Classify connective tissue.
11. Describe the histological structures involved in the formation of granulation tissue
and its role in providing an effective barrier against wound infection.
Page 5 of 32
PSYCHOMOTOR: Connective Tissue Proper

A. GIO
Demonstrate skill in recognition of the different composition of connective tissue as
well as its types using a light microscope and prepared slides.
SBO
1. Identify the different connective tissue cells in prepared slides.
2. Identify the different connective tissue fibers in prepared slides.
3. Identify the different types of connective tissue according to its classification in
prepared slides.
laboratory work)
WEEK 4
TOPIC: Bone
COGNITIVE: Bone
A. GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the histology of bone. ILO 1 I, 2 I/P, 4 I, 5
I
SBO
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Give the composition of bone.

Describe the different bone cells.
Describe bone types based on microscopic observation.
Describe the lamellar system of compact bone.
Describe the histogenesis of bone.
Describe how bone grow in length.
Describe how bone grows in width.
Describe the histological structure of joints.
Correlate the role of capillary endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and osteoblasts in the
formation of callus as part of healing of bone formation
PSYCHOMOTOR: Bone
A. GIO
Demonstrate skill in recognition of composition of bone tissue using a light
microscope and prepared slides.
Page 6 of 32
SBO
1. Identify bone structures in prepared slides.
laboratory work)
WEEK 5
TOPIC: Cartilage
COGNITIVE: Cartilage
A. GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the histology of cartilage. ILO 1 I, 2 I/P, 4
I, 5 I
SBO
1. Give the composition of cartilage.
2. Give the characteristics of cartilage as a specialized type of connective tissue.
3. Classify cartilage based on density and type of fibers incorporated within the matrix.
4. Give the location in the body where hyaline cartilage is found.
5. Describe the histogenesis and growth of hyaline cartilage.
6. Describe the structure of hyaline cartilage.
7. Describe the structure of elastic cartilage.
8. Give the location in the body where elastic cartilage is found.
9. Describe the structure of fibrocartilage.
10. Give location in the body where elastic cartilage is found.
11. Describe the important histologic features of the plates of hyaline cartilage that must
be preserved to retain the shape and flexibility of the nose during reconstruction.
PSYCHOMOTOR: Cartilage
A. GIO
Demonstrate skill in recognition of structures in the different types of cartilage using
a light microscope and prepared slides.
SBO
1. Identify structures of hyaline cartilage in prepared slides.
2. Identify structures of elastic cartilage in prepared slide.
3. Identify structures of fibrocartilage in prepared slides.
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WEEK 5
TOPIC: Muscle
Tissue
COGNITIVE: Muscle Tissue

A. GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the histology of muscle tissue. ILO 1 I, 2
I/P, 4 I, 5 I
SBO
1. Give the composition of muscle tissue.
2. Define terminology associated with muscle tissue.
3. Classify muscle tissue.
4. Discuss the structure of the skeletal muscle.
5. Describe muscle fiber diversity.
6. Describe the innervation of skeletal muscle.
7. Describe the characteristic features of cardiac muscle.
8. Enumerate how cardiac muscle differs from skeletal muscle.
9. Describe the characteristic features of smooth muscle.
10. Tabulate the comparison of the 3 types of muscle.
11. Describe the morphological changes that takes place in skeletal muscle fibers what
they undergo atrophy, as well as giving clinical examples of skeletal muscle atrophy.
PSYCHOMOTOR: Muscle tissue

A. GIO
Demonstrate skill in the recognition of the detailed structures in the 3 types of
muscle using a light microscope and prepared slides.
SBO
1. Identify the structures of skeletal muscle in prepared slide.
2. Identify the structures of cardiac muscle in both longitudinal and cross section in
prepared slides.
3. Identify the structures of smooth muscle in both longitudinal and cross-sections in
prepared slides.
laboratory work)
Page 8 of 32
WEEK 7
TOPIC: Nervous
tissue
COGNITIVE: Nervous tissue

A. GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the histology of nervous tissue. ILO 1 I, 2
I/P, 4 I, 5 I
SBO
1. Review the general organization of the nervous system.
2. Name the component elements of nervous tissue.
3. Describe the structure of a neuron
4. Tabulate the features of perikaryon, axon and dendrites.
5. Classify neurons according to morphology and function.
6. Define a synapse.
7. Give examples of synapse.
8. Describe the structure and function of neuroglial cells.
9. Describe the structure of nerve fiber.
10. Classify nerve fibers according to their coverings.
11. Describe the process of myelination.
12. Describe the structure of nerves.
13. Define a ganglion.
Describe the structure of the following ganglia.
14. Describe peripheral nerve endings in epithelium connective tissue, and muscle.
15. Give the composition of gray mater.
16. Give the composition of the white mater.
17. Describe the structure of the cerebellar cortex.
18. Describe the structure of the cerebral cortex.
19. Describe the structure of the meninges.
20. Describe the structure of choroid plexus.
21. Give the composition of the blood-CSF barrier.
22. Describe the structures of the blood brain barrier.
23. Discuss the cellular changes in astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia in case of
injury brought about by physical trauma.
PSYCHOMOTOR: Nervous tissue

A. GIO
Demonstrate skill in recognition of the different structural composition of nervous
tissue using a light microscope and prepared slide. ILO 1 I, 2 I/P, 4 I, 5 I
SBO
1. Identify structures of the spinal cord in a prepared slide.
Page 9 of 32
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Identify structures of nerves in prepared slide.

Identify structures of dorsal root ganglion in prepared slide.
Identify structure of parasympathetic ganglia in prepared slides.
Identify structures of the cerebellum in prepared slide.
Identify structures of the cerebrum in prepared slide.
Identify structures of the Meissners and Pacinian corpuscles in prepared slide.
Identify structures of the muscle spindle in prepared slide.
Identify structures of the motor nerve ending in prepared slides.

laboratory work)
WEEK 8
TOPIC: Review
of Histology slides of Cell, Epithelium and Glands,

Connective tissue, Bone and Cartilage, Muscle and Nervous tissue
WEEK 9
FIRST SHIFTING EXAMINATION
Page 10 of 32
WEEK10
TOPIC: Lymphatic
Tissue
COGNITIVE: Lymphatic tissue

A. GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the histology of the lymphatic system. ILO
1 I, 2 I/P, 4 I, 5 I
SBO
1. Give the components of the lymphatic system
2. Enumerate the histological composition of lymphoid tissue.
3. Describe the lymph node according to the following features:
a. Shape
b. Distribution
c. Pattern of organization
d. Lymph circulation
e. Function
4. Describe the thymus according to the following features:
a. Size
b. Location
d. Blood-thymus barrier
e. Function
5. Describe the spleen according to the following features:
a. Size
b. Shape
d. Vascularity
e. Function
6. Describe the histologic features of the following lymphoid tissues belonging to the
diffuse lymphoid system.
a. MALT (GALT, BALT)
b. Tonsils:
Palatine tonsils
Pharyngeal tonsils
Lingual tonsils
7. Describe the concepts involved in the immune system.
8. Describe the cells of the immune system.
9. Explain the occurrence of lymphedema of the right arm in a patient who went thru
right radical mastectomy by naming the factors responsible for lymph flow.
Page 11 of 32
PSYCHOMOTOR: Lymphatic system (Immune system)

A. GIO
Demonstrate skill in recognition of structures in the different organs of the lymphatic
system as well as the diffuse lymphatic tissue using a light microscope and
prepared slide.
SBO
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Identify structures of the lymph node in prepared slide.

Identify structures of the spleen in prepared slides.
Identify structures of the thymus in prepared slide.
Identify structures of the palatine tonsils in prepared slides.
Identify the GALT (MALT, BALT) in prepared slides.

laboratory work)
WEEK 11 and 12
TOPIC: Blood and
Hemopoiesis
COGNITIVE: Blood and Hemopoiesis

A. GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the histology of blood and hemopoiesis.
ILO 1 I, 2 I/P, 4 I, 5 I
SBO
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Give the composition of blood.

Describe the characteristics of blood cellular elements.
Describe the characteristics of blood plasma.
Describe the development of blood cells (hemopoiesis).
Discuss the maturation sequences in hemopoiesis.
Describe the histologic feature of the bone marrow.
Briefly discuss the basis of how blood cells develop from precursor cells.
Describe the characteristics of the intermediate stages of each lineage CFU-E, CFUGM, CFU-L, and CFU-Me.
9. Using your knowledge of histology explain the underlying mechanisms responsible
for the cardinal signs of acute inflammation, namely, swelling, redness, heat, pain,
and loss of function.
Page 12 of 32
PSYCHOMOTOR: Blood and Hemopoiesis

A. GIO
Demonstrate skill in recognition of the formed elements of the blood as well as the
cells in the different stages of maturity in the 4 lineages of precursor cells CFU-E,
CFU-GM, CFU-Me, and CFU-L using a light microscope and prepared slide.
SBO
1. Identify the formed elements of the blood in a prepared slide.
2. Identify the cells in the different stages of maturation of the 4 lineage of precursor
cells, CFU-E, CFU-GM, CFU-Me, and CFU-L in a prepared slide.

laboratory work)
WEEK 13 to 14
TOPIC: Cardiovascular
system (Histology of the Heart, Blood

vessels, and Lymphatic vessels)
COGNITIVE: Cardiovascular system
A. GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the histologic features of blood
vessels, capillaries, arteries, and veins. ILO 1 I, 2 I/P, 4 I, 5 I
SBO
1. Describe the general structure of blood vessels.
2. Differentiate the histologic features of arteries from veins.
3. Classify arteries histologically and functionally.
4. Give the histologic features of the following special and transitional types of arteries.
Cerebral and dural arteries
Arteries of the lung
Umbilical arteries
External carotid and common iliac arteries
Penile and pudic arteries
5. Define cells of Rouget or pericytes.
6. Differentiate the capillary wall from the sinusoidal wall.
7. Classify types of capillaries.
8. Name organs where each type of capillary is found.
9. Define the following:
Page 13 of 32
1. Portal system
2. Rete mirabile
3. Arterio-venous anastomosis
4. Glomus
5. Valves
10. Describe the microscopic changes occurring
B. GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the histologic features of the heart.
ILO 1 I, 2 I/P, 4 I, 5 I
SBO
Layers of the wall of the heart
Cardiac skeleton
Cardiac valves
Impulse conducting system
2. List the main components of the cardiac skeleton.
C. GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the lymph vascular system. ILO 1 I, 2
I/P, 4 I, 5 I
SBO
1. Describe the histologic features of lymphatic capillaries.
2. Differentiate histological features of veins from large lymphatic vessels.
3. Trace the flow of lymph.
PSYCHOMOTOR: Cardiovascular system

A. GIO
Demonstrate skill in recognition of structures of the different parts of the
cardiovascular and lymph vascular systems using a light microscope and prepared
slides. ILO 1 I, 2 I/P, 4 I, 5 I
SBO
1. Identify structure of the cardiovascular and lymph vascular system in prepared slides.
laboratory work)
Page 14 of 32
WEEK 15
TOPIC: Respiratory
system
COGNITIVE: Respiratory system

A. GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the histology of the respiratory
system. ILO 1 I, 2 I/P, 4 I, 5 I
SBO
1. Name the component parts of the respiratory system.
2. Name structures belonging to the following:
Conducting portion
Respiratory portion
3. Differentiate the characteristic features of the vestibule, respiratory (Schneiderian)
membrane and olfactory portion of the nasal cavity.
Vibrissae
Glands of Bowman
Fila olfactoria
5. Describe the layers of the wall of the larynx.
6. Differentiate the histological features of the different parts of the respiratory tract by
noting changes in the following:
Epithelium
Glands
Muscle layer
Cartilaginous framework
7. Differentiate olfactory epithelium from respiratory epithelium.
8. Describe the histological features of the pleura.
9. Describe the lung lobule
10. Describe the cells of the inter-alveolar septum.
11. Give the functions of the cells in the inter-alveolar septum.
12. Discuss the blood-air barrier.
13. Name the histologic structures involved in a clinical condition called emphysema.
PSYCHOMOTOR: Respiratory system

B. GIO
Demonstrate skill in recognition of structures in the different parts of the respiratory
system, using a light microscope and prepared slides.
SBO
1. Identify structures of the respiratory system in prepared slide.
Page 15 of 32

laboratory work)
WEEK 16
TOPIC: Review
of Histology slides of Cell, Epithelium and Glands,

Connective tissue, Bone and Cartilage, Muscle and Nervous tissue
WEEK 17
SECOND SHIFTING EXAMINATION
Page 16 of 32
SECOND SEMESTER
WEEK 1
TOPIC: Urinary
system
COGNITIVE: Urinary system

Kidney
GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the histology of the kidney. ILO 1 I, 2 I/P,
4 I, 5 I
SBO
1. Differentiating the histological features of the cortex from the medulla.
2. Describe the nephron and its consecutive segments.
3. Differentiate the secretory from the excretory portions of the uriniferous tubules.
4. Describe the components of the juxtaglomerular apparatus.
5. Illustrate a malpighian or renal corpuscle.
Podocytes
Macula densa
Mesangial cells
Polkissen
7. Discuss the blood vessels of the kidney.
8. State the hormonal functions of the kidney.
Ureter
GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the histology of the ureters. ILO 1 I, 2 I/P,
4 I, 5 I
SBO
1. Describe the transitional epithelium.
2. Describe the layers of the wall of the ureter.
3. Compare the musculature of the upper third with the lower third of the ureter.
Urinary bladder and urethra

GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the histology of the urinary bladder and
urethra. ILO 1 I, 2 I/P, 4 I, 5 I
SBO
1. Describe the layers of the bladder wall.
2. Illustrate the arrangement of the intrinsic musculature.
3. Describe the unique ultrastructural features of the luminal plasma membrane of
the superficial cells of the bladder epithelium.
Page 17 of 32
4. Describe the histologic feature of the urethra.

5. Using your knowledge of histology and anatomy, explain why women frequently
suffer from cystitis.
PSYCHOMOTOR: Urinary system

B. GIO
Demonstrate skill in recognition of the different structures of the urinary system
using a light microscope and prepared slides. ILO 1 I, 2 I/P, 4 I, 5 I
SBO
1. Identify structures of the urinary system in prepared slide.
laboratory work)
WEEK 2
TOPIC: Digestive
system (GIT I) Oral cavity, Pharynx
COGNITIVE: D igestive system (GIT I) Oral cavit y, Pharynx

A. GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the histology of the oral cavity and
associated structures. ILO 1 I, 2 I/P, 4 I, 5 I
SBO
1. Listing consecutively the layers that make up the following:
Lips
Cheeks
2. Differentiate the layers of the soft palate from the hard palate.
3. Differentiating histological features of the anterior 2/3 from the posterior 1/3 of the
tongue.
4. Describe the different types of lingual papillae.
5. Describe the histologic features of the small salivary glands.
6. Describe the general structure of a tooth.
7. Describe the structure of a taste bud.
8. Give the histological explanation why a calculous of the submandibular duct is more
common than in the parotid duct.
B. GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the histology of pharynx. ILO 1 I, 2
I/P, 4 I, 5 I
SBO
1. Name the layers of the pharynx in consecutive order.
Page 18 of 32
PSYCHOMOTOR: Digestive system (GIT I) Oral cavit y, Pharynx

A. GIO
Demonstrate skill in recognition of the different structures in the oral cavity using a
light microscope and prepared slides.
SBO
1. Identify structures of the oral cavity in prepared slides.

laboratory work)
WEEK 3 to 4
TOPIC: Digestive
system (GIT II) Esophagus, Stomach, Small

Intestines, Large Intestines
COGNITIVE:
Digestive system (GIT II) Esophagus, Stomach, Small Intestines, Large
Intestines
ESOPHAGUS
C. GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the histology of the esophagus. ILO 1
I, 2 I/P, 4 I, 5 I
SBO
1. Differentiate the histologic features of the 3 segments of the esophagus:
Upper 1/3
Middle 1/3
Lower 1/3
2. Name in consecutive order the layers of the wall of the esophagus.
3. Locate the 2 types of glands in the esophagus.
4. Locate the 2 types of glands in the esophagus.
5. Differentiate the histologic characteristics of the esophageal wall from that of the
stomach wall at the region of the gastro-esophageal junction.
STOMACH
D. GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the histology of the stomach.
SBO
1. Name the layers of the stomach in consecutive order.
2. Describe the different cells in the gastric mucosa.
Page 19 of 32
3. Differentiate the histologic features of the following:

Cardia
Fundus
Body
Pylorus
SMALL INTESTINE
E. GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the histology of the small intestines.
ILO 1 I, 2 I/P, 4 I, 5 I
SBO
1. Name the layers of the wall of the small intestines.
2. Differentiate the segments of the small intestines based on the distinguishing
histologic features.
3. Name the lining cells of the crypts of Lieberkhn.
4. Describe the modifications in the wall of the small intestines that serve to increase
the surface area for absorption.
5. Name the histological structures present in the duodenum that are responsible for
neutralizing the acid chime leaving the stomach preventing the occurrences of peptic
ulcer.
LARGE INTESTINE
F. GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the histology of the large intestines.
ILO 1 I, 2 I/P, 4 I, 5 I
SBO
1. Name the layers of the wall of the large intestines.
2. Give the characteristic histologic features of the colon.
3. Differentiate histologically the large intestines from the small intestines.
PSYCHOMOTOR: Esophagus, stomach, small intestines, large intestines

A. GIO
Demonstrate skill in recognition of the different structures in the esophagus,
stomach, small intestines, and large intestines using a light microscope and
prepared slides.
SBO
1. Identify structures of the alimentary tract in prepared slides.
laboratory work)
Page 20 of 32
WEEK 5 to 6
TOPIC: Digestive
system (GIT III) Accessory glands, Liver,

Pancreas, Gallbladder
COGNITIVE:
Digestive system (GIT III) Accessory glands, Liver, Pancreas, Gallbladder
ACCESORY GLANDS
G. GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the histology of accessory glands of
the digestive system. ILO 1 I, 2 I/P, 4 I, 5 I
SBO
1. Outline the general organization of the salivary glands proper.
2. Classify salivary glands according to type of secretion.
3. Review the histologic features of the following:
Serous acinus
Mucus acinus
Mixed acinus
4. Describe the histologic features of the duct system of the salivary glands.
LIVER
H. GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the histology of the liver ILO 1 I, 2 I/P,
4 I, 5 I
SBO
1. Discuss the histologic organization of the liver.
2. Identify the different zones of the hepatic lobule.
3. Differentiate the histologic structure of the following:
Classical lobule
Portal lobule
Liver acinus
4. Illustrate the components of the portal canal.
5. Define the portal tract.
6. Describe the space of Moll.
7. Describe the topographical relationship of the hepatocytes to the vascular bed and
biliary systems of the liver.
8. Describe the intrahepatic biliary system.
9. Trace the flow of bile.
10. Trace the microcirculation in the liver.
11. Define the space of Disse.
12. Given a case of a patient with liver cirrhosis, explain how necrosis and regeneration
of hepatocyte and fibrosis of the liver lobule can bring about portal hypertension and
ascites.
PANCREAS
Page 21 of 32
I.
GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the histology of the pancreas. ILO 1 I,
2 I/P, 4 I, 5 I
SBO
1.
2.
3.
4.
Describe the histological organization of the pancreas.

Descried the endocrine and exocrine positions of the pancreas.
Name the types of cells in the islets of Langerhans.
Give the function of the cells in the islets of Langerhans.
GALL BLADDER
J. GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the histology of the gall bladder. ILO 1
I, 2 I/P, 4 I, 5 I
SBO
1. Describe the histologic features of the layers of the wall of the gall bladder.
Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses
Ducts of Luschka
Spiral valve of Heister
3. Describe the histologic feature so the extra-hepatic bile ducts.
PSYCHOMOTOR: Accessory glands, Liver, Pancreas, Gallbladder

A. GIO
Demonstrate skill in recognition of the different structures in the accessory glands,
liver, pancreas, and gallbladder using a light microscope and prepared slides. ILO 1
I, 2 I/P, 4 I, 5 I
SBO
1. Identify the detailed structures of the accessory glands, liver, pancreas, and gall
bladder in prepared slides.
laboratory work)
Page 22 of 32
WEEK 7
TOPIC: Endocrine
system
COGNITIVE: Endocrine
A. GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the organization of the endocrine system.
ILO 1 I, 2 I/P, 4 I, 5 I
SBO
1. Name the components of the endocrine system.
2. Identify the highest center for endocrine control.
3. Describe the feedback mechanism in the control of endocrine secretion.
GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the histologic features of the hypophysis.
ILO 1 I, 2 I/P, 4 I, 5 I
SBO
1. Describe the histologic organization of the 3 lobes.
2. Describe the cells found in the pituitary gland.
3. Define Herring bodies.
4. Describe the hypophyseal portal circulation.
GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the histologic features of the thyroid
glands. ILO 1 I, 2 I/P, 4 I, 5 I
SBO
1. Describe the histologic organization of the thyroid gland.
2. State the hormones secreted by thee gland and the specific cells responsible for
their secretion.
GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the histologic features of the parathyroid
SBO
1. Describe the connective tissue stroma of the gland.
2. Name the cellular components of the gland.
GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the histologic features of the adrenal
SBO
1. Describe the cellular arrangements of the different zones in the cortex.
2. Describe the characteristic features of the medulla.
3. Define chromaffin cells.
4. Using your knowledge of the functional histological characteristics of the
suprarenal cortex, explain the following signs found in Cushings disease : a)
Moon-shaped facies, b) Hirsutism of the face, chest, and abdomen in the female,
c) high concentration of glucose in the blood, d) raised urinary 17hydroycorticosteroid excretion.
GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the histologic features of the pineal gland
(epiphysis cerebri). ILO 1 I, 2 I/P, 4 I, 5 I
Page 23 of 32
SBO
1. Describe the cellular and connective tissue components of the gland.
2. Describe the corpora arenacea.
GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the histology of the endocrine portions in
the pancreas, male and female gonads. ILO 1 I, 2 I/P, 4 I, 5 I
SBO
1. Describe the interstitial cells in the testis.
2. Describe the Graafian follicle of the ovary.
3. Describe the corpus luteum and its cellular components.
4. Describe the cellular components of the islets of Langerhans.
5. Differentiate the histologic features of the cells of the Islets from the surrounding
cells.
PSYCHOMOTOR: Endocrine system

A. GIO
Demonstrate skill in recognition of the different components of the endocrine system
using a light microscope and prepared slides.
SBO
1. Identify structures of the endocrine system in prepared slides.
laboratory work)
WEEK 8
TOPIC: Review
of Histology slides of Urinary, GIT and Endocrine
system
WEEK 9
THIRD SHIFTING EXAMINATION
Page 24 of 32
WEEK 10
TOPIC: Male
Reproductive System
COGNITIVE: Male Reproductive S ystem

A. GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the histology of the component parts of
the male reproductive system. ILO 1 I, 2 I/P, 4 I, 5 I
SBO
1. Name the component parts of the male reproductive system.
2. Describe the histological organization of the testis.
3. Describe the following cells:
Sertoli cells
Leydig cells
4. Describe the histologic features of the various spermatogenic cells.
5. Enumerate the stages of spermatogenesis.
Spermatocytogenesis
Spermiogenesis
Spermiation
7. Trace the pathways taken by a sperm from the seminiferous tubules to the
outside.
Tubuli recti
Rete testis
Ductuli efferentes
Ductus epididymis
Ductus deferens
9. Name the component parts of the spermatic cord.
10. Differentiate the wall of the vas deferens from the wall of the ureter.
11. Name the accessory glands of the male reproductive system.
12. Describe the histologic features of the seminal vesicles.
13. Describe the histologic organization of the prostate gland.
14. Describe the bulbourethral glands.
15. Describe the glands of Littre.
16. Describe the histologic changes occurring in a disease condition called benign
prostatic hypertrophy that leads to compression of the urethra, micturition
difficulties, and urinary retention.
PSYCHOMOTOR: Male Reproductive S ystem

A. GIO
Demonstrate skill in recognition of the different components of the male reproductive
system using a light microscope and prepared slides.
SBO
1. Identify structures of the male reproductive system in prepared slides.
Page 25 of 32

laboratory work)
WEEK 11
TOPIC: Female
Reproductive System
COGNITIVE: Female Reproductive S ystem

A. GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the histology of the component parts of
the female reproductive system. ILO 1 I, 2 I/P, 4 I, 5 I
OVARY
SBO
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Describe the histologic organization of the ovary.

Differentiate the various stages of development of the Graafian follicle.
Describe the fate of the ovarian follicle after ovulation.
Discuss ovulation.
Name parts of ovaries responsible for the production of estrogen and
progesterone.
OVIDUCT/FALLOP IAN TUBE

SBO
1. Describe the layers of the wall of the fallopian tube or oviduct.
2. Differentiate the histological features of the various segments of the fallopian
tube.
3. Name the usual site of fertilization.
4. In case of ectopic pregnancy where implantation occurred in the uterine tube,
explains the histologic changes that lead to the rupture of the tube.
UTERUS
SBO
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Describe the layer of the wall of the uterus.

Describe the histological features of the endometrial and cervical glands.
Describe the endometrial changes occurring in the menstrual cycle.
Name hormones responsible for the cyclic changes in the endometrium.
Locate the usual site of implantation.
Describe the formation of the placenta.
Define the placental barrier.
Enumerate hormones secreted by the following cells of the placenta.
Decidual cells
Hofbauer cells
Page 26 of 32
Syncytiotrophoblast
Cytotrophoblast
VAGINA
SBO
1. Name the layers of the vaginal wall.
2. Describe the histologic changes in the vagina in relation to the menstrual cycle.
PSYCHOMOTOR: Female Reproductive System

A. GIO
Demonstrate skill in recognition of the different components of the female
reproductive system using a light microscope and prepared slides.
SBO
1. Identify structures of the female reproductive system in prepared slides.
laboratory work)
WEEK 12 to 13
TOPIC: Integumentary
System and Mammary Gland
COGNITIVE: The Integumentary S ystem

Skin
A. GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the histology of the skin. ILO 1 I, 2 I/P, 4 I,
5I
SBO
1. Name the component parts of the skin.
2. Name the 2 main layers of the skin.
3. Differentiate the histologic features of the 4 sub-layer of the epidermis.
4. Differentiate the histologic feature of the 2 sub-layers of the dermis
5. Differentiate thick skin from thin skin.
6. Give the distribution of thin and thick skin in the body.
7. Enumerate the skin appendages.
8. Describe the pilo-sebaceous unit.
9. Describe the structure of the following
Sebaceous glands
Sweat glands
Page 27 of 32
10. Classify the sebaceous and sweat glands based on the following
Morphology
Type of secretion
Manner of elaboration of secretion
11. Differentiate the histologic feature of ordinary exocrine from apocrine sweat glands.
12. Explain how the skin defends the body against invasion by microorganism.
Mammary gland
B. GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the mammary gland. ILO 1 I, 2 I/P, 4 I, 5 I
SBO
1. Give the morphological classification of the mammary gland.
2. Describe the lobes and lobules of the mammary gland.
3. Describe the duct system of the gland.
4. Compare the histologic features of the following
Resting mammary gland
Gestational mammary gland
Lactating mammary gland
Atrophic mammary gland
5. Explain why a surgeon prefers a radial incision instead of a circumferential incision in
draining pus from an abscess of the breast.
PSYCHOMOTOR: Integumentary system and Mammary gland

A. GIO
Demonstrate skill in recognition of the different components of the integumentary
system and mammary gland using a light microscope and prepared slides.
SBO
1. Identify structures of the skin in prepared slides.
2. Identify structures of the mammary gland in prepared slides.
laboratory work)
Page 28 of 32
WEEK 14 to 15
TOPIC: Special
Senses (Eye and its Accessory Organs and Ear)
COGNITIVE: Special senses

EYE
A. GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the histology of the eye and its accessory
organs. ILO 1 I, 2 I/P, 4 I, 5 I
SBO
1. Enumerate the layers of the eyelid as well as its glands.
2. Classify the lacrimal gland based on morphology and nature of secretion.
3. Describe the lacrimal apparatus.
4. Trace the flow of tears.
5. Enumerate the tunics of the eyeball.
6. Describe the histologic features of each tunic.
7. Trace the flow of aqueous humor from site of formation and back to the circulation.
8. Describe the role of the ciliary muscle in accommodation.
9. Enumerate the refractive media of the eye.
10. Describe the histology of the following:
Macula lutea
Optic disk
11. Describe the distribution of rods and cones in the retina.
12. Enumerate the 3 neuronal chain involved in the visual pathway.
13. Define the following :
Limbus
Canal of Schlemm
Spaces of Fontana
Suspensory ligament of Zinn
EAR
A. GIO
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the histology of the ear. ILO 1 I, 2 I/P, 4 I,
5I
SBO
1. Describe the histologic structure of the following:
External ear
Middle ear
Inner ear
2. Describe the histologic structure of the tympanic membrane.
3. Describe the histologic structure feature of the following:
4. Trace sound vibrations from the tympanic membrane to the organ of Corti.
Page 29 of 32
5. Describe otolith.
6. In case of flying insects getting into the ear, name the structures present in the
external auditory meatus that trap insects. Describe also the microscopic structures
of the glands that produce ear was.
PSYCHOMOTOR: Special Senses

A. GIO
Demonstrate skill in recognition of the different components of the eye and
accessory organs and ear using a light microscope and prepared slides. ILO 1 I, 2
I/P, 4 I, 5 I
SBO
1. Identify structures of the eye and its accessory organs and ear in prepared slides.
laboratory work)
WEEK 16
TOPIC: Review
of Histology slides of Male and Female Reproductive

system, Integumentary system, Mammary glands, and Special
Senses.
WEEK 17
FOURTH SHIFTING EXAMINATION
WEEK 18
FINAL EXAMINATION
laboratory work)
Page 30 of 32
IX.
Course Outline
FIRST SEMESTER
Week 1
Week 2
Week 3
Week 4
Week 5
Week 6
Week 7
Week 8
Week 9
Week 10
Week 11
Week 12
Week 13
Week 14
Week 15
Week 16
Week 17
Orientation / The Cell

Epithelium and Glands
Connective tissue proper
Bone Tissue
Cartialge Tissue
Muscle Tissue
Nervous Tissue
Review of Histology Slides of Cell, Epithelium and Glands,
Connective Tissue, Bone and Cartilage, Muscular, and Nervous
Tissue
First Shifting Examination
Lymphatic and Immune system
Blood
Hemopoiesis
Cardiac tissue
Histology of the blood and lymphatic vessels
Respiratory system
Review of Histology Slides of Blood and Hemopoiesis, Heart,
Blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, Lymphoid system
Second Shifting Examination
SECOND SEMESTER
Week 1
Week 2
Week 3
Week 4
Week 5
Week 6
Week 7
Week 8
Week 9
Week 10
Week 11
Week 12
Week 13
Week 14
Week 15
Week 16
Week 17
Week 18
Urinary System
GIT I Oral Cavity
GIT II Esophagus to Stomach
GIT II Small Intestine to Anal Opening
GIT III Accessory Organs of Digestion: Salivary glands and
Pancreas
GIT III Accessory Organs of Digestion: Liver
Endocrine system
Review of Histology Slides of Urinary/GIT/Endocrine System
Third Shifting Examination
Male Reproductive System
Female Reproductive System
Integumentary System
Mammary Glands
Special Senses: Eyes
Special Senses: Ears
Review of Histology Slides of Male and Female Reproductive
system, Integumentary system, Mammary glands, and Special
Senses.
Fourth Shifting Examination
Final Examination
Page 31 of 32
X.
Course Requirements
a)
b)
c)
d)
XI.
Attendance
Unit tests
4 Shifting Examinations
Final Examination
Grading System
PER SHIFTING GRADE = 50% of Shifting Examination Grade + 50% of Average of Unit test
conducted
FINAL EXAM GRADE = Final Theoretical Exam + Final Practical Exam
FINAL GRADE = ((Sum of Shifting examination I IV) + Final Exam Grade)/5
XII.
References
a) Gartner, Leslie and James Hiatt. Color Atlas and Text of Histology, 6th edition.
Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2014.
b) Young, Barbara, Geraldine ODowd, and Phillip Woodford. Wheaters Functional
Histology: A Text and Colour Atlas, 6th Edition. Philadelphia: Elsevier Churchill
Livingstone, 2014.
c) Ovalle, William K, Patrick Nahirney. Netters Essential Histology: with Student and
consult Access, 2nd Edition. Elsevier Saunders, 2013.
d) Eroschenko, Victor P. diFiores Atlas of Histology: with Functional Correlations,
12th edition. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2013.
e) Mills, Stacey E. Histology for Pathologist, 4th edition. Philadelphia: Lippincott
Williams & Wilkins, 2012.
f) Klein, Robert and George Enders. Anatomy, Histology, & Cell Biology, 4th Edition.
McGraw-Hill, 2010.
g) Cui MS, Dongmei and William Daley MD. Atlas of Histology with Functional and
Clinical Correlations, Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2011.
h) Mescher, Anthony L. Basic Histology Text and Atlas, 13th Edition. The McGraw-Hill
Companies, 2013.
i) Gartner, Leslie and James Hiatt. BRS Cell Biology and Histology (Board Review
Series), 7th edition. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2015.
j) Song, Jae. Deja Review Histology & Cell Biology, Second Edition),
2nd edition. The McGraw-Hill Companies, 2011.
k) Lamps, Laura. Diagnostic Pathology: Normal Histology Amirsys, 2013.
l) Gonzales, Eduardo. Esteban and Gonzales Textbook of Histology, 5th edition.
Manila: C & E Publishing, Inc, 2014.
m) Kierszenbaum, Abraham. Histology and Cell Biology: An Introduction to
Pathology, 4th edition, 2015.
n) Peckham, Michelle. Histology at a Glance, New Jersey: Blackwell Publishing, 2011.
o) Anderson, Bryan. Color Atlas and Text of Histology, 6th edition. Baltimore:
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2014.
p) Anderson, Bryan. The Netter Collection of Medical Illustrations: Integumentary
System, Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders, 2012.
Page 32 of 32

Histology Syllabus

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PAMANTASAN NG LUNGSOD NG MAYNILA

(University of the City of Manila)

Knowledge of microscopy in their preparatory course.

COGNITIVE: The Cell

PSYCHOMOTOR: The Cell

6. Identify parts of the cell in prepared slides.

PSYCHOMOTOR: Epithelium and glands

Identify types of epithelia in prepared slides.

COGNITIVE: Connective Tis sue Proper

Give the origin of connective tissue

PSYCHOMOTOR: Connective Tissue Proper

Give the composition of bone.

COGNITIVE: Muscle Tissue

PSYCHOMOTOR: Muscle tissue

COGNITIVE: Nervous tissue

PSYCHOMOTOR: Nervous tissue

Identify structures of nerves in prepared slide.

Teaching Strategy: Small group discussion / Lecture/ Supervised microscopy

of Histology slides of Cell, Epithelium and Glands,

COGNITIVE: Lymphatic tissue

PSYCHOMOTOR: Lymphatic system (Immune system)

Identify structures of the lymph node in prepared slide.

Teaching Strategy: Small group discussion / Lecture/ Supervised microscopy

COGNITIVE: Blood and Hemopoiesis

Give the composition of blood.

PSYCHOMOTOR: Blood and Hemopoiesis

Teaching Strategy: Small group discussion / Lecture/ Supervised microscopy

system (Histology of the Heart, Blood

PSYCHOMOTOR: Cardiovascular system

COGNITIVE: Respiratory system

PSYCHOMOTOR: Respiratory system

Teaching Strategy: Small group discussion / Lecture/ Supervised microscopy

of Histology slides of Cell, Epithelium and Glands,

COGNITIVE: Urinary system

Urinary bladder and urethra

4. Describe the histologic feature of the urethra.

PSYCHOMOTOR: Urinary system

system (GIT I) Oral cavity, Pharynx

COGNITIVE: D igestive system (GIT I) Oral cavit y, Pharynx

PSYCHOMOTOR: Digestive system (GIT I) Oral cavit y, Pharynx

Teaching Strategy: Small group discussion / Lecture/ Supervised microscopy

system (GIT II) Esophagus, Stomach, Small

3. Differentiate the histologic features of the following:

PSYCHOMOTOR: Esophagus, stomach, small intestines, large intestines

system (GIT III) Accessory glands, Liver,

Describe the histological organization of the pancreas.

PSYCHOMOTOR: Accessory glands, Liver, Pancreas, Gallbladder

PSYCHOMOTOR: Endocrine system

of Histology slides of Urinary, GIT and Endocrine

COGNITIVE: Male Reproductive S ystem

PSYCHOMOTOR: Male Reproductive S ystem

Teaching Strategy: Small group discussion / Lecture/ Supervised microscopy

COGNITIVE: Female Reproductive S ystem

Describe the histologic organization of the ovary.

OVIDUCT/FALLOP IAN TUBE

Describe the layer of the wall of the uterus.

PSYCHOMOTOR: Female Reproductive System

System and Mammary Gland

COGNITIVE: The Integumentary S ystem

PSYCHOMOTOR: Integumentary system and Mammary gland

Senses (Eye and its Accessory Organs and Ear)

COGNITIVE: Special senses

PSYCHOMOTOR: Special Senses

of Histology slides of Male and Female Reproductive