INTRODUCTION

Ceiling diffusers are the excellent choice for your HVAC system where a
high standard of comfort indoor air quality and controlled performance
are to be achieved .
DASCO diffusers are specially designed for ceiling mounting applications.
They are suitable for supply air as well as exhaust air, providing a stable
pattern of air diffusion flowing through a number of concentrically arranged
sections.
Controlled air distribution, flow equalization, sound attenuation, architectural
appearance and solid construction are all reasonable and worthwhile
reasons to choose DASCO CEILING DIFFUSERS

Introduction

CEILING DIFFUSERS
GENERAL
DASCO ceiling diffusers DD-6 are designed to
handle a wide range of horizontal airflows that will
meet all HVAC requirements, and yet with a pleasing
appearance to suit architectural requirements
to flush outlets and concealed fixing method.

DESCRIPTION

2
3

Ceiling Diffuser
(One Way)

DASCO ceiling diffusers DD-6 is a multi-vane type

with a fully removable core from its face for easy
installation, with square or round neck and can be
supplied in 1,2,3 &4 way airflow patterns for all
air distribution requirements.
Ceiling Diffuser (Two Way)
Ceiling Diffuser (Three Way)

The diffuser can also be supplied with an opposed

blade damper section (for supply diffusers only)
which in turn is fixed to the outer frame of the diffuser
and is lever operated from the face of the
diffuser. Key operated opposed blade damper can
also be supplied upon request. The damper frame
is separated from its blades by using nylon bushings
to eliminate corrosion and vibration. Ceiling diffuser
DD-6 is available in square and rectangular patterns
for supply air as well as for return air and which
in turn is supplied without opposed blade damper
as standard.

Ceiling Diffuser (Four Way)

Ceiling Diffusers

SPECIAL MODELS:

Ceiling Diffuser
(Corner)

DASCO ceiling diffusers DD-6 is available in

surface mounted type as optional. To identify the
surface mounted diffuser, code SM to be added.
Ceiling diffuser DD-6 is available with an
extended frame to suit the size of ceiling tiles,
the code to be added is EF. Ceiling diffusers with
extended panels can also be supplied
upon request, and to identify the extended
panels ceiling diffusers, code EP to be added.

MATERIAL AND FINISH

Ceiling Diffuser
(Special Architectural Shape)

High quality complete extruded aluminium

construction in silver anodized matt finish. White
polyester powder coating finish or any other RAL
standard colour are also available upon your
requirement.

ORDERING CODE
Supply Air Ceiling Diffuser

DD - 6 a -

WxH

1,2,3,or 4 way airflow

patterns
S : Square type
L : Rectangular type
C: Corner type
WxH = Neck size, inch (mm)

NOTE:
When specifying a return air ceiling diffuser, use the symbol DDR instead of DD.

Ceiling Diffusers

DEFINITIONS

Jet Velocity (Vk)

In FPM for an outlet or inlet is the velocity measured with an approved

calibrated velometer at specified locations relative to the face of the outlet
or inlet.

Terminal Velocity(Vt)

In FPM is the highest sustained velocity in the mixed air stream arbitrary
specified and used to determine throw.

Velocity pressure (Pd)

( Dynamic pressure )

The forward moving force of an air stream within a duct measured in mm

(inch) W.G. of water.

Static pressure (Ps)

The outward force within a duct measured in mm (inch) W.G. of water.

Total pressure (Pt)

The sum of the velocity pressure and the static pressure measured in mm
(inch) W.G. of water.

Throw

Of an outlet in m (feet), is the distance from the center of the outlet to a

point in the mixed air stream where the highest sustained velocity of the
mixed air stream has been reduced to a specified level (100 FPM & 50
FPM terminal velocity).

Area factor ( Ak )

Of an outlet or inlet which is also a flow factor determined from the

discharge or intake velocity (Vk) and the volume flow rate (Q)
Ak = Q/Vk in m2 or Ft2.

Ceiling Diffuser With an Extended Frame (Woodall Colour)

Ceiling Diffusers

NOISE CRITERIA
The sound caused by an air outlet is directly proportional to the velocity of the air passing through it
(see table 1).
Noise criteria : The sound pressure level of 8 octave bands acceptable to human ears and is estimated
from table 2.
The room effect : Is the difference between the sound power level of a terminal and the sound pressure
level sensed by human ears in the room, and is affected by room size, sound
absorption characteristic of the room surfaces, ceiling height, space volume, distance
of listener to terminal, terminal location and number of terminals.
Ambient Sounds :
a. Environmental sound Existing within the space with air conditioning equipment off.
b. External sound Entering a space from outdoors.
c. Intruding sound Entering from adjacent spaces.
Prior to selection of NC level from table 2, the three ambient sounds above must be considered.

APPLICATION

Broadcasting studios, sound and

recording studios.
Concert halls, Auditoriums, Library,
Classrooms
Apartments, residences, hotel bedrooms,
theatres, private offices, hospitals,
churches.
Large office, restaurants, hotels, dining
rooms, public buildings.
Corridors, computer rooms, cafeterias,
department stores.
Average factories, workshops, garages
Warehouses.

Recommended
Delivery Velocities
(m/s)
1.5 - 2.5
2.5 - 3.5

2.5 - 4.5

3.5 - 5.5
4.5 - 6
5 - 10

Table 1 :The recommended delivery velocities for different applications (ASHRAE GUIDE )

Noise Criteria

RECOMMENDED NOISE CRITERIA FOR ROOMS

Type Of Area

NC
Level
(dB)

Type Of Area

AUDITORIUMS

SPORT ACTIVITIES INDOOR

Concert and Opera Halls.

Studios for sound Reproduction
Legitimate Theaters. Multi-purpose Halls
Movie Theatres. Lecture halls,
Planetoruim, TV audience studios
Lobbies

Coliseums
Bowling Alleys. Gymnasiums
Swimming Pools

20 to 25
25 to 30
30 to 35
35 to 40

NC
Level
(dB)

30 to 40
35 to 45
40 to 55

TRANSPORTATION
Ticket Sales Office
Lounges, waiting Rooms

30 to 40
35 to 50

CHURCHES AND SCHOOLS

6
7

Sanctuaries
Libraries. Schools and Classrooms
Laboratories
Recreation Halls. Corridors and Halls
Kitchens

20 to 30
30 to 40
35 to 45
35 to 50
40 to 50

HOSPITALS AND CLINICS

Private Rooms
Operating Rooms. Wards
Halls and Corridors. Laboratories,
Lobbies and waiting Rooms
Washrooms and Toilets

HOTELS
Individual rooms or suites. Bell rooms.
Banquet rooms
30 to 40
Halls and corridors Lobbies
35 to 45
Garages. Kitchens and Laundries
40 to 50

MANUFACTURING AREAS
25 to 35
30 to 40
35 to 45
40 to 50

RESTAURANTS & LOUNGES

Restaurants
Cocktail Lounges
Night Clubs

35 to 45
35 to 50
35 to 45

Cafeterias

40 to 50

Foremans Office
Assembly Lines. Light Machinery
Foundries. Heavy Machinery

40 to 50
55 to 75
55 to 75

OFFICES
Board Room
Conference Room
Executive Office
Supervisor Office. Reception Room
General Open Offices. Drafting
Rooms
Halls and Corridors
Tabulation and Computation

20 to 30
25 to 35
30 to 40
30 to 45
35 to 50
40 to 60

STORES RETAIL
Clothing Stores. Department
Stores(upper floors)
Department Store (main floor).
Small Retail Store, Supermarkets

PUBLIC BUILDINGS
35 to 45

40 to 50

Public Libraries .Museums.

Court Rooms
Post Offices .General Banking Area.
Lobbies
Washrooms and Toilets

Table 2 :The recommended NC level for different

applications (ASHRAE GUIDE)

Noise Criteria

30 to 40
35 to 45
40 to 50

ENGINEERING DATA

The following tables could be helpful before starting the selection of ceiling diffusers.

CEILING
HEIGHT (Ft)
8
10
12
14
16
18

MAX TEMP
DIFF.(F )
22
26
28
30
30
32

SIZE (Inch)
6X6
9X9
12 X 12
15 X 15
18 X 18
21 X 21
24 X 24

MAX CFM
PER SIDE
250
500
850
1400
1800
2700

Table No.3: Maximum CFM per side of the diffuser

as a function of the ceiling height.

CFM Range
63 - 200
140 - 450
250 - 800
390 - 1250
562 - 1800
765 - 2480
1000 - 3200

Table 4 : CFM range for square ceiling diffusers

( Minium value is for 250 FPM neck velocity )

NOMINAL WIDTH (Inch)

9
6x9
9x9

12
6x12
9x12
12x12

15
6x15
9x15
12x15
15x15

Table No.5: Listed sizes available for Ceiling Diffusers.

18
6x18
9x18
12x18
15x18
18x18

21
6x21
9x21
12x21
15x21
18x21
21x21

NOMINAL WIDTH (Inch)

9
0.144
0.2

12
0.17
0.26
0.35

15
0.2
0.32
0.43
0.54

18
0.24
0.37
0.5
0.61
0.77

21
0.27
0.43
0.57
0.71
0.86
1.04

Table No. 6: Area Factor Ak (Ft2)for ceiling diffusers.

24
0.13
0.48
0.64
0.8
0.97
1.13
1.34

6
9
12
15
18
21
24

NOMINAL HEIGHT (Inch)

6
0.096

24
6x24
9x24
12x24
15x24
18x24
21x24
24x24

Engineering Data

6
9
12
15
18
21
24

NOMINAL HEIGHT (Inch)

6
6x6

SELECTION PROCEDURE
GENERAL
In general the selection of any air distribution equipment starts from a given CFM that is to be distributed
by this equipment. The distance of throw and the sound level are two other important factors that have to
be considered. A selection procedure of the diffuser best suited for your application is detailed hereunder.
1.
2.
3.
4.

Select the style best suited of your design from air flow patterns showing in chart (1).
Refer to table 3 for fixing the maximum CFM in any direction for the given ceiling height.
Find the maximum allowable total CFM for the diffuser to be selected.
Enter the selection tables with the value of the CFM you have, and select the best suited throw, CFM
delivered in the A&B directions and NC level which meet your application.
5. The jet velocity can be calculated using Vk (FPM) = CFM/ Ak.
Ak is given in table 6.
Vk is used for balancing purposes at site.

AVAILABLE AIR FLOW PATTERNS

8
9

Select among the available Square / Rectangular core styles with 1,2,3 or 4 way airflow patterns to suit air
distribution requirements .
(Square / Rectangular to round adapters are also available as an option )

Square

DD-64 S

DD-63 S

DD-62 S

DD-61 S

DD-62 C

Chart 1 : Airflow pattern and product code(Square Ceiling Diffusers)

Rectangular

DD-61 W DD-62 W

DD-62 L

DD-61 L

DD-62 CL

DD-62 CL

DD-63 L

Chart 2 : Airflow pattern and product code.

(Rectangular Ceiling Diffusers)

DD-64 L

DD-63 L

Selection Procedure