Russian

Spacesuits

Vostok
SK-1

Vostok Ejection Seat

and sequence

Rendering of cosmonaut parachuting during final stages of mission. Spacecraft and parachute is to the left.

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Vostok
Tereshkovas
Suit

Orange outer cover

Blue inner pressure garment

Vostok
Gagarins Suit

Gagarin

Tereshkova

Voskhod
Berkut
Leonovs Suit

Voskhod 2, Leonov and Belyayev, first spacewalk looking through open airlock hatchway

Voskhod 2 spacecraft without crewmembers, through open airlock hatchway

Voskhod 2
spacewalk
configuration
showing inflated
airlock

resin heatshield
outer metal foil
thermal shield

umbilical
connection
from re-entry
module to
service
module

back-up retro-rocket
inflatable fabric airlock

service
module

retro-rocket

1 oxygen and electrical supply

2 cable for physical connection
3 airlock hatch latching mechanism
4 floodlight
7 TV camera
9 airlock outer hatch
10 airlock control panel
12 camera

13 inner hatch hinge

21 crewman seats
14 floodlight
22 service module oxygen and
15 airlock inner hatch
nitrogen supply tanks
16 spacecraft control panel
24 hose for spacesuit/spacecraft
17 spacecraft environmental control system air supply
18 air supply for airlock reinflation
19 sensors for pressure measurement
20 valves fro pressure regulation

LSS Life Support System

Close-up of back-up airlock

exit hatch area

Back-up airlock mounted on

actual returned Voskhod 2
spacecraft, Energia Museum,
Kaliningrad (Korolev), Moscow
Region

Berkut suit

During pressurization
testing prior to flight

Belyaev and Leonov

Leonovs suit, Zvezda Museum

During weightlessness training in aircraft prior to flight

Berkut suit inner layers, and outer thermal cover garment

Kretchet Lunar Suit

Kretchet Suit Early Prototypes, two to right without outer cover

Kretchet access hatch

Kretchet to left
Mir Orlan to right

Orlan

Background

Based on the Russian Kretchet Lunar Suit

Redesigned for use aboard the Salyut space stations
Manufactured by the Zvezda Corp.
Orlan is the Russian word for Sea Eagle

Restrictions and Characteristics

Height Range
55 to 63

Chest Circumference
37 to 43 inches

Spacesuit weight
247 lbs.

Work time in suit

9 hours

Operating Pressure
0.4 atmospheres

Pre-breathe Time
30 minutes

Orlan Components
Hard metal body or torso
Removable soft shell

appendages
Life support system

backpack

Hard metal body (Torso)

Made of an aluminum alloy and is approximately 1.2 mm thick.

Houses the control consoles, umbilicals, and aux hardware.

Controls written in mirror image and read by using mirrors on sleeves.

Helmet and visor are built into the torso

Made with same alloy as torso.

Two windows that are comprised of two layers of glass separated by a thin
layer filled with dry nitrogen to help with thermal protection.
Also has a removable light filter that can block out 97% of incoming light.

Removable Appendages

The soft shell appendages consist of two arms and two legs.

The shells are inflated with pressure from life support system, which
causes mobility to be difficult.

To help with maneuverability, there are:

Pressurized bearings at the shoulder, elbow, waist, and ankle.

Soft hinges at the shoulder, elbow, hip, knee, and ankle.

To Accommodate Height Differences

The length of the arms and legs can be adjusted by pulling the various
cables and straps to the desired length and tightened with Velcro or
buckles.

Other Features

The gloves come in two different sizes depending on finger size.

They are composed of many layers

The boots are intended to protect and secure the astronaut to the
station while working.
The suit is covered by layers of outer wear to protect the load bearing
shell.

An exterior layer of phenylon fabric that is heat resistant.

At least five layers of vacuum-screen thermal insulation (VTSI) which is made
of metallized polyethylene phthalate film that protects from heat.

The Independent Life Support System

It consists of a number of

subsystems that are

interconnected.

An oxygen supply system

A ventilation and gas regulator
A thermal control system
Electrical Equipment
Radio telemetry equipment

They all have redundant systems

in case of failure.

The Oxygen Supply System

It supplies the suit with enough oxygen to maintain the required

pressure.

It contains a main tank and a backup tank.

Both tanks can hold up to 2 liters of oxygen.

It has two modes:

Normal use it replenishes oxygen lost through normal metabolic processes

and leaks.
Emergency mode rapid oxygen supply in case of sudden pressure loss.

Safety valve to release excess pressure.

The Ventilation Subsystem

It removes harmful contaminants and carbon dioxide.
Lithium hydroxide canisters

It in turn, produces water, heat, and returns purified air back

to the atmosphere.

The Thermal Control Subsystem

Two major functions
Serve as protection from external radiation and thermal flows from

the sun and earth.

Removal of internal heat that is given off during normal metabolic

processes and from mechanical and electric components by way of a

water-filled garment and heat exchanger.

The Electrical Subsystem

It can be powered in two ways:
The battery in the radio telemetry unit. It can supply 27 volts.
Being attached to the vehicle with the umbilical cable.

It supplies all the power needed to run the fans, pumps,

lights, radio devices, and control panels.

Power consumption is no more than 68 Watts.

Useful Data
Many parts need to be replaced after every EVA.
LiOH canister
Battery

Many filters and absorbers

The oxygen and water tanks must be refilled.

The suit has a guaranteed life span of 4 years.

Sokol
the Soyuz get-me-down suit