Objective: To solve problems associated

to the additive structure of rational

numbers in fraction notation.
What is a rational number? Which patterns could we find with rational
numbers? How to locate a rational number on a number line? What is
the process to add and subtrarct rational numbers? How to solve
equations involve rational numbers? Which are the steps for solving
problems?

Session 1
What is a Rational Number?

A Rational number can be written as a quotient of Integers. Any rational number can be written as with and
integers and

Is -3 a Rational Number? YES because -3 can be written as a quotient of

3
integers:
1

Is 4.5 a rational number? ______ because___________________________________

Is

2.3
4.2

Is

2.5

a rational number? ______ because___________________________________

a Rational Number? ______ because________________________________

Is 25 a rational Number? ____________ because_________________________________________

Is

1
9

a rational Number? ____________ because_____________________________________________

Is 5 a rational Number? ____________ because___________________________________________

How to locate a rational number on a number line?

Opposite of a rational number. Absolute value of a rational number.
During a 5-year period, a coastline has the following changes in beach sand level:
1
3
A. 3.25 m, B. -2.5 m, C. 3 5 m, D. 1 4 m, and E. 2.5 m

Two rational numbers are opposites if they are the same distance from zero on the number line, but
on opposite sides of zero. The sum of a rational number and its opposite is 0.
The absolute value of a rational number is the distance from zero to the number.
The absolute value of

3
5

is 5. Write:
3

3
5

The absolute value of 5 is 5. Write:

3
5
3
3
5 = 5

Inductive reasoning

Looking for patterns with

rational numbers

Use patterns to write numbers in fraction form as

decimals.
Write each fraction as a decimal:

What pattern do you see? , , , ,

Pattern: The___________________ of the fraction is

____________________________________________
Use your pattern to find what decimal is equivalent
to:

To write a rational number in decimal form,

divide
the
numerator
by
the
denominator.
Determine whether each of the following number is terminating or repeating:

If the quotient has a remainder of zero,

the result is a terminating decimal

If the quotient has a digit or group of digits that repeat

without end, the result is a repeating decimal.

Five steps for solving problems

Familiarize:
yourself with the
situation.
a. Carefully read and
reread until you
understand what you are
being asked to find.
b. Draw a diagram to
identify the
mathematical structure.

c. Assign a letter, or
variable, to the
unknown.

Check:
Translate:
the problem to
an equation
using the letter
or variable.

Solve:
the equation
justifying each
step.

the equation to
the original
wording of the
problem. Apply a
different strategy
to solve the
equation.

State:

the answer
to the
problem
clearly with
appropriate
units.

Addition and
subtraction of
rational numbers

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BKEtsv9MbyY

a b = a + (-b)
keep change

opposite

Addition of rational numbers: unlike

denominators
1
4

if a = and, b =

3
5

and c= -2 find the value of each algebraic expression.

a+b+c=
a + (-c) =
ac=

b a +c =
-(-a + c) +b =
-a + (-b)+(-c)=

First problem

In a triangle, the measure of the second angle

1
is of the first angle and the measure of the
2
third one is 15. Find the measure of each
angle.

Session 2
Additive structure
Context: The perimeter of a triangle-shaped field is 100 m.
3
Clue 1: The second side is of the first side.
5
Clue 2: The length of the third one is 15 m more than half the
first.
Question: Find the length of each side.