Age, Work, Mixture, Digit, Motion and Coin Problems

Submitted by:
Ong, Mark Lorenz P.
Submitted to:
Engr Rex H. Agustin

141. Mary is 24 years old. Mary is twice as old as Ann was when Mary was as old as
Ann is now. How old is Ann now?

A.
B.
C.
D.

16
18
12
15

Fast
Mary x
Anny 12

Present
24
x

24 x =x 12

2 x =36

X =18

142. The sum of Kims and Kevins ages is 18. In 3 years, Kim will be twice as old as
Kevin. What are their ages now?
A.
B.
C.
D.

4, 14
5, 13
7, 11
6, 12

Present
Future
Kevin x
x+3
Kim y
y+3
X + y = 18
Y = 18 x
-> equation 1
( y + 3 ) = 2 (x + 3 )
-> equation 2
Substitute y in equation 2:

(18 x)+3=2 x+6

21 x=2 x+6
X =5

Y =18 5
Y =13

143. Robert is 15 ears older than his brother Stan. However y years ago, Robert
was twice as old as Stan. If Stan is now b years old and b>y, find the value of (b
y)
A.
B.
C.
D.

15
16
17
18

Past

Present
b + 15 y b + 15
by
b

Robert
Stan

(b+15 y)=2(b y )
b+15 y=2 b 2 y

2 b b 2 y + y=15
b y =15

144. JJ is three times as old as Jan-Jan. Three years ago, JJ was four times as old as
Jan-Jan. The sum of their ages is
A.
B.
C.
D.

20
24
28
36

Past Present
JJ
3x 3 3x
Jan-Jan
x3 x
3x 3 = 4 ( x 3 )
3x 3 = 4x 12
x 12 = 3
x=9
3x = 3 ( 9 )
3x = 27
Sum of the ages = 9 + 27 = 36
145. A girls is one-third as old as her brother and 8 years younger than her sister.
The sum of their ages is 38 years. How old is the girl?
A.
B.
C.
D.

4
5
6
7

Let: x = age of the girl

y = age of her brother
z = age of her sister
y = 3x
-> Eq. 1
z=X+8
-> Eq. 2
x + y + z = 38
-> Eq. 3
Substitute equations 1 & 2 in equation 3:
x + 3x + (x + 8) = 38
x=6

146. Paula is now 18 years old and his colleague Monica is 14 years old. How many
years ago was Paula twice as old as Monica?
A.
B.
C.
D.

5
7
8
10

Past Present
Paula 18 x 18
Monica
14 x 14

(18 x)=2(14 x )
18 x=28 2 x

x=10

147. A father tells his son, I was your age now when you were born. If the father is
now 38 years old, how old was his son 2 years ago?
A.
B.
C.
D.

15
17
19
21

Past Present
Father x
38
Son 0
x
Two years ago, the son was

(19 2)=17

years old

148. Six years ago, Nilda was five times as old as Riza. In five years, Nilda will be
three times as old as Riza. What is the present age of Riza?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Past
Nilda
Riza

17
16
15
14
Present
5(x 6)
x6

Future
?
x

3(x +5) 5( x+ 6)=x +5 (x +6)

3 x+15 5 x +30=x+5 x+6

3(x + 5)
x+5

2 x +45=11
x=17

149. At present, the sum of the parents ages is twice the sum of the childrens
ages. Five years ago, the sum of the parents ages was 4 times the sum of the
childrens ages. Fifteen years hence, the sum of the parents ages will be equal to
the sum of the childrens ages. How many children are there?
A.
B.
C.
D.

3
4
5
6
Past

Parents
Children

Present
2x 10
x 5n
x

Future
2x
2x + 30
x + 15n

2 x 10=4 ( x 5 n)
2 x 10=4 x 20 n

2 x =20 n 10
x=10 n 5

-> Eq. 1

2 x +30=x+15 n
x=15 n 30

-> Eq. 2

Equate equations 1 and 2:

15 n 30=10 n 5
N=5

150. Debbie is now twice as old as Jerry. Four years ago, Debbie was three times as
old as Jerry then. How old is Debbie?
A.
B.
C.
D.

14
16
18
24

Past
Debbie
Jerry

Present
3(x 4)
x4
x

2 x 3( x 4)=x (x 4)

2x

2 x 3 x +12=x x+ 4
x +12=4

x=8
2 x =16

151. A pump can pump out water form a tank in 11 hours. Another pump can pump
out water from the same tank in 20 hours. How long will it take both pumps to pump
out the water in the tank?
A.
B.
C.
D.

7 hours
6 hours
7 hours
6 hours

Let: x = time neede to complete the work

1 1 1
+ =
20 11 x

X =7.096 hours

152. A 400-mm pipe can fill the tank alone in 5 hours and another 600-mm pipe can
fill the tank alone in 4 hours. A drain pipe 300-mm can empty the tank in 20 hours.
With all the three pipes open, how long will it take to fill the tank?
A.
B.
C.
D.

2.00 hours
2.50 hours
2.25 hours
2.75 hours

1 1 1 1
+ =
5 4 20 x
X =2.5 hours

153. A tank is filled with an intake pipe in 2 hours and emptied by an outlet pipe in 4
hours. If both pipes are opened, how long will it take to fill the empty tank?
A.
B.
C.
D.

3 hours
4 hours
5 hours
6 hours

1 1 1
=
2 4 x
x=4 hours

154. A tank can be filled in 9 hours by one pipe, 12 hours by a second pipe and can
be drained when full by a third pipe in 15 hours. How long will it take to fill an empty
tank with all pipes in operation?
A.
B.
C.
D.

7 hours and 12 minutes

7 hours and 32 minutes
7 hours and 42 minutes
7 hours and 50 minutes

1 1
1 1
+ = x
9 12 15 x
x = 7.826 hours / 7 hours and 50 minutes
155. If A can do the work in x days and B in y days, how long will they finish the
job working together?
A.
B.
C.
D.

(X+Y)/(xy)
(X+Y)/2
(xy)/(X+Y)
xy

Let: n = number of days neede to complete the work

1 1 1
+ =
x y n
1 x+ y
=
n xy

n=

xy
x+ y

156. Pedro can paint a fence 50% faster than Juan and 25% faster than Pilar, and
together they can paint a given fence in 4 hours. How long will it take Pedro to paint
the same fence if he had to work alone?
A.
B.
C.
D.

6
8
10
12

Let: A = number of hours, Pedro can paint the house

B = number of hours, Juan can paint the house
C = number of hours, Pilar can paint the house

1 1 1
+ + =
A B C

-> Eq. 1

1
1 1
1
=1.5( ); =0.666( )
A
B B
A

->Eq. 2

1
1 1
1
=1.2( ) ; =0.833( )
A
C C
A

->Eq. 3

Substitute equations 2 & 3 in equation 1:

1
1
1
+0.666 ( )+0.833( )=
A
A
A

A=10 hours

157. Glenn can paint a house in 9 hours while Stewart can paint the same house in
16 hours. They work together for 4 hours. After 4 hours, Stewart left and Glenn
finished the job alone. How many more days did it take Glenn to finish the job?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Note:

2.75
2.50
2.25
3.00

(rate)(time)=1(complete job )

1 1
1
( + ) 4+ (x)=1
9 16
9
0.6944+ 0.111 x=1
x=2.75 hours

158. It takes Butch twice as long as it takes Dan to do a certain piece of work.
Working together they can do the work in 6 days. How long it take Dan to do it
alone?
A.
B.
C.
D.

9
10
11
12

Let: x = time for Butch to finish a certain job working alone

y = time for Dan to finish a certain job working alone

1 1 1
+ =
x y 6

->Eq. 1

x=2 y

->Eq. 2

Substitute equation 2 in equation 1:

1 1 1
+ =
2y y 6
1+2 1
=
2y 6
y=9 days

159. A and B working together can finigsh painting a house in 6 days. A working
alone can finish it in 5 days less than B. how long will it take each of them to finish
the work alone?
A.
B.
C.
D.

8, 13
10, 15
6, 11
7, 12

1 1 1
+ =
A B 6

->Eq. 1

A=B 5

->Eq. 2

Substitute equation 2 in equation 1:

1
1 1
+ =
B5 B 6

B+(B+ 5) 1
=
B (B5) 6
2 B5 1
=
B 5 B 6
12 B 30=B 5 B

B 17 B+30=0
(B 15)(B 2)=0

B=15
B=2( absurd)
Substitute B = 15 in equation 2

A=15 5=10 days

160. A and B can do a piece of work in 42 days, B and C in 31 days and C and A in
20 days. In how many days can all of them do the work together?
A.
B.
C.
D.

19
17
21
15

Let: x = number of days neede by A, B and C to finished the work working together.

1/ A +1/B+ 1/C=1 / X

1/ A +1/B=1/42

->Eq.1

1/ B+1 /C=1/31

->Eq.2

1/ C+1/ A=1/20

->Eq.3

Add the three equations:

(1/ A +1/ B)+(1/ B+1 /C )+(1/C+1 / A)=1 /42+1/31+1 /20

2/ A +2/ B+2/C=0.106
1/ A +1/B+ 1/C=0.053=1/ X

x=18.37 days19 days

161. It takes Myline twice as long as Jeana to do a certain piece of work. Working
together, they can finish the work in 6 hours. How long would it take Jeana to do it
alone?
A.
B.
C.
D.

9 hours
18 hours
12 hours
14 hours

Let: x = time for Myline to finish the job

y = time for Jeana to finish the job

1/ x+1 / y =1/6

1/x = 2(1/y)
Substitute equation 2 in equation 1:

2/ y +1/ y=1/6
3/ y=1 /6

->Eq.1
->Eq.2

y=18 ho urs

162. Mike, Loui and Joy can mow the lawn in 4, 6 and 7 hours respectively. What
fraction of the yard can they mow in 1 hour if they work together?
A.
B.
C.
D.

47/84
45/84
84/47
39/60

Let: x = fraction on the lawn that can mowed after one hour

x=(1 /4+1 /6+ 1/7)(1)

x=( 42+28+24)/ 168

x=94 /16847/ 84

163. A farmer can plow the field in 8 days. After working for 3 days, his son joins
him and together they plow the field in 3 more days. How many days will it require
for the son to plow the field alone?
A.
B.
C.
D.

10
11
12
13

Let: x = time for the farmer to flow the field

y = time for the son to flow the field

(3)(1/ x)+(1 /x +1/ y )(3)=1

->Eq.1

Substitute x = 8 in equation 1

(1/8(3)+(1 /8+1/ y)(3)=1) 1/3

1/ 8+1/8+1/ y=1 /3
y=12 days

164. Crew No. 1 can finish installation of an antenna tower in 200 man-hour while
Crew No. 2 can finish the same job in 300 man-hour. How long will it take both crews
to finish the same job, working together?
A.
B.
C.
D.

100 man-hour
120 man-hour
140 man-hour
160 man-hour

Let: x = number of man-hours neede by crew number 1 and number 2 to finish the
job

1/200+1/300=1/ x

x=120 manhours

165. On one job, two power shovels excavate 20,000 cubic meters of earth, the
larger shovel working 40 hours and the smaller for 35 hours. On another job, they
removed 40,000 cubic meters with the larger shovel working 70 hours and the
smaller working 90 hours, how much earth can each remove in 1 hour working
alone?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Let:

169.2, 287.3
178.3, 294.1
173.9, 347.8
200.1, 312.4
x = capacity of the larger shovel in m/hr
y = capacity of the smaller shovel in m/hr

40 x +35 y=20000

x=500 0.875 y

->Eq.1

70 x+ 90 y =40000

->Eq.2

Substitute equation 1 in equation 2:

70(500 0.875 y )+ 90 y=40000

35000 61.25 y +90 y=40000

y=173.9 m /hr

x=500 0.875(173.9)
x=347.8 m .hr

166. Ten liters of 25% salt solution and 15 liters of 35% salt solution are poured into
a drum originally containing 30 liters of 10% salt solution. What is the percent
concentration of salt in the mixture?
A.
B.
C.
D.
25%
10

19.55%
22.15%
27.05%
25.72%
+

35%
15

10%
30

x%
55

0.25(10)+0.35(15)+0.10(30)=x(55)
x=19.55

167. A Chemist of a distillery experimented on two alcohol solutions of different

strength, 35% alcohol and 50% alcohol, respectively. How many cubic meters of
each strength must he use in order to produce a mixture of 60 cubic meters that
contain 40% alcohol?
A.
B.
C.
D.

20 m of solution with 35% alcohol, 40 m of solution with 50% alcohol

50 m of solutoin with 35% alcohol, 20 m of solution with 50% alcohol
20 m of solution with 35% alcohol, 50 m of solution with 50% alcohol
40 m of solution with 35% alcohol, 20 m of solution with 50% alcohol

35% +
50% =
x
60-x
For the 35% solution:

40%
60

0.35 ( x)+0.50(60x)=0.40(60)
0.35 x+300.50 x=24

x=40 m
For 50% solution:

60 x=20 m

168. A goldsmith has two alloys of gold, the first being 70% pure and the second
being 60% pure. How many ounces of the 30% pure gold must be used to make 100
ounces of an alloy which will be 66% gold?
A.
B.
C.
D.

40
35
45
38

70% +
100-x

60%
x

36%
100

0.70(100x)+0.60( x )=0.66 (100)

700.7 x +0.6 x=66

x=40 ounces

169. Two thousand (2000) kg of steel containing 8% nickel is to be made by mixing

a steel containing 14%% nickel with another containing 6% nickel. How much of
each is neede?

A.
B.
C.
D.

1500 kg of steel with 14% nickel, 500 kg of steel with 6% nickel

750 kg of steel with 14% nickel, 1250 kg of steel with 6% nickel
500 kg of steel with 14% nickel, 1500 kg of steel with 6% nickel
1250 kg of steel with 14% nickel, 750 kg of steel with 6% nickel

14% +
6%
=
X
2000-x
For 14% substances

8%
2000

0.14( x)+0.06(2000x)=0.08(2000)
0.14 x +120 0.06 x=160

x=500 kg
For 6% substance:

2000 x=1500 kg

170. How much water must be evaporated from 10 kg solution wich has 4% salt to
make a solution of 10% salt?
A.
B.
C.
D.
4%
10

4 kg
5 kg
6 kg
7 kg
-

0%
x

10%
10-x

0.04(10) 0 ( x)=0.10(10 x )
0.4=1 0.1 x

x=6 kg

171. If a two digit number has x for its units digit and y for its tens digit, represent
the number.
A.
B.
C.
D.

10x + y
10y+ x
yx
xy

Let: x = tens digit of the number

y = units digit of the number
The tow digit number is represented by:

10 y+ x

172. One number is 5 less than the other. If their sum is 135, what are the
numbers?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Let:

85, 50
80, 55
70, 65
75, 60
x = first number
x 5 = second number

x+(x 5)=135
2 x =140

X =70
X 5=65

173. Ten less than four times a certain number is 14. Determine the number.
A.
B.
C.
D.

6
7
8
9

Let: x = the number

4 x 1 c=14
x=6

174. The sum of two number is 21 and one number is twice the other. Find the
numbers.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Let:

6, 15
7, 14
8, 13
9, 12
x = the first number
2x = the second number

x+ 2 x=21
x=7

2 x =14

175. If eight is added to the product of nine and the numerical number, the sum is
seventy-one. Find the unknown number.
A.
B.
C.
D.

5
6
7
8

Let: x = the number

9 x+ 8=71
x=7

176. Find the fraction such that if 2 is subtracted from its terms its becomes , but
if 4 is added to its terms it becomes .
A.
B.
C.
D.

3/5
5/12
5/14
6/13

Let x/y = the fraction

( x 2)/ ( y 2)=
4 x 8= y 2

y=4 x 6 Eq .1
(x+ 4)/( y+ 4)=

2 x +8= y +4 Eq .2
Substitute equation 1 in equation 2:

2 x +8=(4 x 6)+4

10=2 x
x=5

y=4(5) 6
y=14

177. The product of and 1/5 of a number is 500. What is the number?
A. 50
B. 75
C. 100

D. 125
Let: x = the number

(1/4 ( x))(1/5(x))=500
x /20=500

x =10000
x=100

178. If 3 are subtracted from the numerator of a certain fraction, the value of the
fraction becomes 3/5. If 1 is subtracted from the denominator of the same fraction it
becomes 2/3. Find the original fraction.
A.
B.
C.
D.

35/55
36/55
3/7
32/41

Let x/y = the fraction

(x3)/ y=3 /5
3 y=5 x 15

Y =5 /3 x 5 Eq .1
x /( y 1)=2/3

3 x=2 y 2 Eq .2
Substitute equation 1 in equation 2

3 x=2(5/3 x5)2

3 x=10/3 x 10 2
0.333 x=12

X =36
Y =5 /3 (36) 5=55

179. The denominator of a certain fraction is three more than twice the numerator.
If 7 is added to both terms of the fraction, the resulting fraction is 3/5. Find the
original fraction.
A. 8/5
B. 13/5

C. 5/13
D. 3/5
Let:

x = numerator of the fraction

y = denominator of the fraction

y=2 x+ 3 Eq .1

(x+ 7)/( y +7)=3 /5

5 x+35=3 y +21 Eq .2
Substitue equation 1 in equation 2:

5 x+35=3(2 x+ 3)+21

5 x+35=6 x+ 9+21
x=5

y=2(5)+3
y=13

180. Find the product of two numbers such that twice the first added to the second
equals 19 and three times the first is 21 more than the second.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Let:

24
32
18
20
x = the first number
y = the second number

2 x + y =19

y=19 2 x Eq .1

3 x= y +21 Eq .2
Substitute equation 1 in equation 2:

3 x=(19 2 x)+21

5 x=40
X =8

Y =19 2(8)
Y =3
The product of the numbers is 8(3) = 24

181. The tens digit of a number is 3 less than the units digit. If the number is
divided by the sum of the digits, the quotient is 4 and the remainder is 3. What is
the original number?
A.
B.
C.
D.

36
47
58
69

Let:

t = tens digit of the number

u = units digit of the number
Number = 10t + u

t=u 3 Eq.1

(10 t+u)/( t+u)=4+3 /(t + u)

(10 t+u 3)/(t+u)=4

10 t+u 3=4 t+ 4 u

6 t 3=3 u Eq .2
Substitute equation 1 in equation 2:

6(u 3) 3=3 u

6 u 183=3 u
3 u=21

u=7
t=7 3

t=4
Number=10 (4)+7

Number=47

182. The Second of the four numbers is three less than the first, the third is four
more than the first and fourth is two more than the third. Find the fourth number if
their sum is 35.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Let:

10
11
12
13
w = first number
x = second number

y = third number
z = fourth number

x=w 3 Eq .1 a
y=w+4 Eq .2

z= y +2=(w+ 4)+2
z=w+ 6 Eq .3

w+ x + y + z=35 Eq .4
Substitue equation 1, 2, and 3 in equation 4:

w+(w 3)+(w +4)+(w+ 6)=35

4 w=28
w=7
Substitute w = 7 ni equation 3

z=7+6

z=13

183. A jogger starts a course at a steady rate of 8 kph. Five minutes later, a second
jogger starts the same course at 10 kph. How long will it take the second jogger to
catch the first?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Let:

20 min
21 min
22 min
18 min
V1 = velocity of the first jogger
V2 = velocity of the second jogger

v 1=

8 km
1hr
8
x
= km/ min
hr 60 min 60

v 2=

10
km/min
60

s 1=s 2
v 1t 1=v 2 t 2

8/ 60 t 1=10/ 60(t 15)

8 t 1=10 t 1 50

t 1=25 min
t 2=25 5

t 2=20 min
184. A boat man rows to a place 4.8 miles with the stream and back in 14 hours, but
finds that he can row 14 miles with the stream in the same time as 3 miles against
the stream. Find the rate of the stream.
A.
B.
C.
D.

1.5 miles per hour

1 mile per hour
0.8 mile per hour
0.6 mile per hour

4.8
4.8
+
=14
v 1+ v 2 v 1v 2

4.8 ( v 1+ v 2 )+ 4.8(v 1+ v 2)
=14
( v 1+ v 2 ) (v 1v 2)
4.8 v 14.8 v 2+ 4.8 v 1+ 4.8 v 2
=14
v 1 v 1 v 2+ v 1 v 2v 2
9.6 v 1=14 v 114 v 2

->Eq.1

14
3
=
v 1+ v 2 v 1v 2
14 v 114 v 2=3 v 1+3 v 2
v 1=1.545 v 2

->Eq.2

Substitute equation 2 in equation 1

49.6 ( 1.545 v 2 )=14 ( 1.545 v 2 )214 v 2

14.8432 v 2=19.418 v 2
V 2=0.76 mph
185. A man rows downstream at the rate of 5 mph and upstream at the rate of 2
mph. How far downstream should he go if he is to return 7/4 hours after leaving?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Note:

2.5 miles
3.3 miles
3.1 miles
2.7 miles

time=

distance
velocity

t 1+t 2=ttotal
s s 7
+ =
5 2 4
s=2.5 miles

186. An airplane flying with the wind, look 2 hours to travel 1000 km and 2.5 hours
in flying back. What was the wind velocity in kph?
A.
B.
C.
D.

50
60
70
40

Let: V1 = velocity of airplane

V2 = velocity of wind

v 1+v 2=

1000
=500
2

Eq.1

Direction of the wind

v 1v 2=

1000
=400
2.5

Eq.2

Subtract equation 2 from equation 1

( v 1+v 2 )( v 1v 2 )=500400
2 v 2=100
v 2=50 kph

187. A boat travels downstsream in 2/3 of the time as it goes going upstream. If the
velocity of the rivers current is 8 kph, determine the velocity of the boat in still
water.
A. 40 kph

B. 50 kph
C. 30 kph
D. 60 kph
Let: V = velocity of the boat in still water
S1 = distance traveled upstream
S2 = distance traveled downstream

s 1=s 2

( v 8 ) t=( v +8 )

( 23 t )

2 16
v 8= v +
3
3
v =40 kph

188. Two planes leave Manila for a southern city, a distance of 900 km. Plane A
travels at a ground speed of 90 kph faster than the Plane B. Plane A arrives in their
destination 2 hours and 15 minutes ahead of Plane B. what is the ground speed of
Plane B?
A.
B.
C.
D.

205 kph
315 kph
240 kph
287 kph

Let: v1 = ground speed of plane A

v2 = ground speed of plane B

s 1=s 2

Vt= (V + 90 ) ( t2.25 )
But

t=

900
v

2.25 V 90

( 900v )+202.5=0

Multiply both sides by V:

2.25 V 281000+202.5 V =0
2

2.25 V 81000+202.5 V =0
Divide all by 2.25

V 2 +90 v 36000=0

( V 240 )( V +150 )=0

V =240 kph

V =150 kph( absurd)

189. A train, an hour after starting, meets with an accident which detains it an hour,
after which it proceeds at 3/5 of its former rate and arrives three hour after time;
but had the accident happened 50 miles farther on the line, it would have arrive one
and one-half hour sooner. Find the length of the journey.
A.
B.
C.
D.

910/9 miles
800/9 miles
920/9 miles
850/9 miles

Let:

t = time needed to travel and reach destination without any delay

v = velocity of the train
General Equation:
Time consumed by the train traveling, before the accident + time during
which the train was detained + time needed to continue the course and reach the
destination = time needed to travel and reach the destination without any delay +
time of delay
Condition 1:
If the accident happened 1 hour after, substitute values to the general
equations.

1+1+

SV
=t+3
3
V
5

SV
=t+ 1
3
V
5
t=

Substitute:

S
:
V

5
S
( SV )= + 1
3V
V
2S 8
=
3V 3
V=

S
4

Condition 2:

-> Eq.1

If the accident happened 50 miles farther, substitute values to the general

equation:

S( 50+V )
50+ V
3
+1+
=t +
V
3
2
V
5

50+V 5
S 1
+
( S50V )= + V
V
3V
V 2

5
250 5
V
50+V + S
V =S +
3
3
3
2
Substitute equation 1 in above equation:

S 5
250 5 S
1 S 100
50+ + S

=S+

4 3
3
3 4
24
3

()

S=

800
miles
9

190. On a certain trip, Edgar drive 231 km in exactly the same time as Erwin drive
308 km. If Erwins rate exceeded that of Edgar by 13 kph, determine the rate of
Erwin.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Let:

39 kph
44 kph
48 kph
52 khp
V = rated of Erwin
V-13 = rate of Edgar

t 1=t 2

231
308
=
V 13 V
231V =308 V 4004

V =52 kph