AMJ GRAMMAR LESSON

GRAMMAR ENGLISH
In the school, you obey school rules. On the road, you follow
traffic rules. When you are using English Language, there are
rules to follow. These rules are called grammar.
Grammar is the foundation of the language, how tall a
building can be built also depends on the foundation.
In this chapter, we will be discussing the following items.
Comparative and Superlative Adjectives
A comparative adjective is used to compare two things. A superlative
adjective is used when you compare three or more things.
The comparative ending, which we call suffix, is generally -er and -est. For
example tall, taller, tallest. It does not apply to all adjectives. We can
categorize them by their syllable.

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ONE SYLLABLE ADJECTIVES

Add er for the comparative and est for the superlative.
Adjective
Comparative
Superlative
high
higher
highest
low
lower
lowest
tall
taller
tallest
fast
faster
fastest
If the adjective has a consonant + single vowel + consonant spelling, the
final consonant must be doubled before adding endings.
Adjective
Comparative
Superlative
fat
fatter
fattest
big
bigger
biggest
sad
sadder
saddest
thin
thinner
thinnest
If the adjective ends in e, the endings are -r and -st.
Adjective
Comparative
Superlative
strange
stranger
strangest
wise
wiser
wisest
huge
huger
hugest
large
larger
largest
If the adjective ends in y, the endings are -er and -est, but the y is
sometimes changed to an i.
Adjective
Comparative
Superlative
dry
drier
driest
spry
sprier
spriest
wry
wrier
wriest

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TWO SYLLABLES ADJECTIVES

Adjectives with two syllables can form the comparative either by adding er or by preceding the adjective with more. These adjectives form the
superlative either by adding -est or by preceding the adjective with most.
In many cases, both forms are used, although one usage will be more
common than the other. If you are not sure whether a two-syllable adjective
can take a comparative or superlative ending, play it safe and use more and
most instead.
If the adjective ends in e, the endings are -r and -st.
Adjective
Comparative
Superlative
fickle
fickler
ficklest
handsome
handsomer
handsomest
polite
politer
politest
If the adjective ends in y, the endings are -ier and -iest.
Adjective
Comparative
Superlative
bumpy
bumpier
bumpiest
tiny
tinier
tiniest
shiny
shinier
shiniest
icy
icier
iciest
Some two-syllable adjectives use the standard -er and -est, including
adjectives that end in er, le or ow.
Adjective
Comparative
Superlative
able
abler
ablest
simple
simpler
simplest
narrow
narrower
narrowest
shallow
shallower
shallowest
Some two-syllable adjectives can form the comparative by preceeding
more and also form superlative by preceeding most.
Adjective
Comparative
Superlative
complete
more complete
most complete
tilted
more tilted
most tilted
tangled
more tangled
most tangled

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THREE OR MORE STLLABLES

For adjectives with three or more syllables, the comparative is formed by
adding the word more, and we form the superlative by adding the word
most in front.
Adjective with three or more syllables form the comparative by putting
more in front of the adjective, and superlative by putting most in
front.
Adjective
Comparative
Superlative
beautiful
more beautiful
most beautiful
delicious
more delicious
most delicious
important
more important
most important
generous
more generous
most generous
IRREGULAR COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES
Some comparative and superlative adjectives are irregular.
These very common adjectives have completely irregular comparative
and superlative forms.
Adjective
Comparative
Superlative
good
better
best
bad
worse
worst
little
less
least
much
more
most
far
further / farther
furthest / farthest
Here is the guideline of using comparative and superlative adjectives.
Comparative : Noun (subject) + verb + comparative adjective + than + noun
(object).
Superlative : Noun (subject) + verb + the + superlative adjective + noun
(object).

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Practice
Fill in the correct form of the words in brackets. Add the / than when
necessary.
1.

He was (clever) _____________________ student of all.

2.

The weather this winter is even (bad) _______________________ last summer.

3.

Who is (rich) _________________________ business man on earth?

4.

It is strange but often a coke is (expensive) ____________________ a beer.

A holiday by the sea is (good) __________________________ a holiday in the

5.
city.

6.

Which is (dangerous) _____________________________ animal in the world?

7.

Non-smokers usually live (long) _____________________________ smokers.

This is (interesting) ______________________________________ book I have ever

8.
read.

9.

This flower is (beautiful) ________________________________ that one.

10. His car is (big) ____________________________________ yours.

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Once upon a time there were three little pigs who wanted to see the
world. When they left home, their mum gave them some advice: Whatever
you do, do it (good) ___________________________ you can.
So the three pigs wandered through the world and were (happy)
____________________________________ pigs youve every seen.
They were playing (funny) ______________________________ games all
summer long, but then came autumn and each pig wanted to build a house.
The first pig was not only (small) _____________________________ but also
(lazy) __________________________________ of the pigs. He quickly built a house out
of straw.
The second pig made his house out of wood which was a bit (difficult)
___________________________________________ building a straw house.
The third pig followed his mums advice and built a strong house out of
bricks, which was (difficult) ____________________________________ house to build.
It worked every (hard) _____________________________, but finally got his house
ready before winter.
During the cold winter months, the little pigs lived extremely well in
their houses. They regularly visited one another and had (wonderful)
_____________________________________ time of their lives.

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Answers
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

the cleverest
worse than
the richest
more expensive than
better than
the most dangerous
longer than
the most interesting
more beautiful than
bigger than

Once upon a time there were three little pigs who wanted to see the
world. When they left home, their mum gave them some advice : Whatever
you do, do it the best you can.
So the three pigs wandered through the world and were the happiest
pigs youve every seen. They were playing funny games all summer long,
but then came autumn and each pig wanted to build a house.
The first pig was not only the smallest but also the laziest of the pigs.
He quickly built a house out of straw.
The second pig made his house out of wood which was a bit more
difficult than building a straw house.
The third pig followed him mums advice and built a strong house out
of bricks, which was the most difficult house to build. The pig worked very
hard, but finally got his house ready before winter.
During the cold winter months, the three little pigs lived extremely well
in their houses. They regularly visited one another and had the most
wonderful time of their lives.

We will see you again in the next chapter

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