1

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24

Argentina
Bolivia (with Aymara, Quechua and Guaran)[11]
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Dominican Republic
Bolivia (with Aymara
Easter Island (with Rapa Nui)
Ecuador (de facto)
El Salvador
Equatorial Guinea (with French and Portuguese)
Guatemala
Honduras
Mexico (de facto)
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay (with Guaran)[37]
Peru (with Aymara and Quechua)[12]
Puerto Rico (with English)
Spain [51](Aranese, Basque, Catalan, and Galician are co-official in some regions)
Uruguay
Venezuela
Western Sahara (with Arabic)

Infinitive

split e
split o
split o

to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to

eat
see
know
give
go
have
tell/say
leave
come
put/pose
do/make
bring
sell
speak/talk
take
suppose
oppose
propose
buy
comprehend
dine
call
learn
cook
acquire
arrive
look
prepare
form
confirm
drink
accept
write
understand
want
be able
find

split o

to stay / remain
to lift up / get up
lift up ourselves
to come back/rotate

comer
ver
saber
dar
ir
tener
decir
salir
venir
poner
hacer
vender
hablar
tomar
supponer
opponer
proponer
comprar
comprender
cinar
llamar
aprender
cocinar
obtener
llegar
mirar
preparar
formar
confirmar
beber
acceptar
escribir
entender
querer
poder
encontrar
quedar se
levantar
volver

progressive
verb ing

sabiendo
dando

poniendo
haciendo
vendiendo
hablando
tomando

comprando
comprendiendo

cocinando

entendiendo

split o
split o
split e
split e

for gng to past

split e

split o

to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to

return
remember
loose/drop
bring
start
begin
think/plan
be
be
please
send
live
have
wait
forget
leave behind
spend time/pass time
prefer
ask
like
finish
count
calculate
wash
scratch

regresar
recordar
soltar
comensar
empesar
pensar
estar
ser
gustar
mandar
vever
haber
esperar
olvidar
dejar
pasar
preferir
preguntar
desear
acabar
contar
calcular
lavar
rascar

esperando

PRESENT TENSE
progressive
was ing

I xxxx / I'm
xxx ing
como
veo
se
doy
voy a
tengo
digo
salgo
vengo
pongo
hago
traigo
vendo
hablo
tomo

compro
comprendo
llamo

escribo
entiendo
quiero
puedo
encuentro
bueno
me quedo
levanto
me levanto
vuelvo

You xxxx

imperative

We xxxx

come
ve
sabe
da
va a
tiene
dice / diga
sale / salga
viene / benga
pone / ponga
hace

comemos
vemos

vende
habla
toma

vendemos
hablamos
tomamos

damos
vamos a
tenemos

hacemos

hable

compre
comprende
llama

escribe
quiere
puede
buena
se queda
levanta
vuelve

compramos

llame

llamamos

escribimos
entendemos
queremos
podemos

nos quedamos
levantamos
nos levantamos

recuerdo
suelto

recuerde
suelta

comienso
empieso
pienso
estoy

comiensa
empiesa
piensa
esta

espero

prefiero

acabo
cuento
calculo

acaba
cuenta
calcula

cuente
calcule

contamos
calculamos

Future
They
xxxxx
comen
ven
dan
van a
tienen
salegan
venimos

Roberto xxx

I will
you / roberto / they / it will
xxxx
comere' comera / comeras / comeran

das
teines
tendre
dices / digas dire
salgas
saldre

haces

pondre
hare

venden
hablan
toman

tomas

hablare'
tomare'

compran

compras

hacen

llamas

escriben

escribes

quieren
pueden

quieres
puedes

se quedan se quedas
levantan
levantas
te levantas

dira
saldra / saldras / saldran
pondra
hara

estare

cuentan
calculan

estara / estaras/ estaran

sera

we will xxx

I would
xxxx

Future
you / roberto / they / it
would

we would
xxx

comeremos

diremos
saldremos

diria
saldria

diria / dirias / dirian

diriamos

pondremos
haremos

haria

haria / harias / harian

hariamos

tomaremos

estaremos
seria

seria

PAST
have xxxx ed
comido
visto

dicho
salido
puesto
hecho
vendido
hablado
tomado

comprado
comprendido

entendido

CD7/9

esperado

usage
to eat it

comerlo

I eat it

lo como

it is not acceptable
I dont accept it

no es acceptable
no lo accepto

I am telling you
I am staying (myself)

le digo
me quedo

I am doing it
do it
dont do it

hagolo
hagalo
no lo haga

bring me smething
tell me

triagame algo
digame / me dices

I am going to get up
I dont know how long I can stay

voy a levantarme
no se quanto tiempo puedo quedar me

we are staying a few days

we are going to stay a few days

nos quedarmos unos dias

vamos a quedarnos unos dias

I am staying
I will stay
I am going to stay

me quedo
me quedare
voy a quedarme

I will go see it = I will go and see it

ire a verlo

I will tell
I will tell you
we will tell you
he will tell you
he will tell me

dire
te dire
le diremos
le dira
me dira

he will not leave

he would not leave

el no saldra
el no saldria

he will send it to me
he is going to send it to me

me lo mandara
va a mandarmelo

I am sending it to you : Roberta

I am sending it to you: senor

te lo mando
se(le) lo mando

I am going to send it you : senor

voy a mandarselo
voy a mandarselo a usted/el / ella

I bought = I have bought

you have bought
we bought
they bought

tengo comprado
he comprado
ha comprado
hemos comprado
han comprado

we are waiting
let us wait

esperamos
esperemos

I am bying it
I was buying it

estoy comprando
estaba comprando / compraba

I am leaving
I was leaving

estoy saliendo
estaba saliendo / salia

I was doing it

lo hacia

I left = I just finished leaving

acobo de salir
salido

puedo quedar me

to you/him/her/them
sted/el / ella

Co-ordinating Conjunctions
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

F
A
N
B
O
Y
S

for
and
nor
but
or
yet
so

para, por
e,y
pero
o
todavia
asi

Subordinating Conjunctions
1
A after
2
although
at
a
3
as
4
as if
5
as long as
6
as much as
7
as soon as
8
as though
9
B because
por que
10
before
11
by
por
12
by the time
13 E even if
14
een though
15
F of
de
16
if
si
17 H here
aqui
18
I in
en
19
in order that
in order to
para
20
in case
21
lest
22
once
23
only if
24
provided that
25
since
26
so that
27
to
a
28
than
de
29
then
entonces / luego
30
that
ese / que
31
this
esta / esto
32
though

Articles
1
2
3

33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41

till
unless
until
whenever
whereever
while
nothing
everything
everyday
nobody
everybody

nada
todo
todo los dias
nadie
todo el mundo

Nouns/adjectives
a
an
the
I am
you are
it is
to be
I
you
he / him
she / her
they
them
us / ourselves
we
your

un, una
un, una
los, las, lo, la, el
estoy / soy
esta
es / esta
estar
yo
usted, te, le
el
ella
los
nos
mos
su

what
when
where
why
which
who / whom
how

que
quando
donde
por que

here
there
with
with me
to you

aqui
alli, alla
con
conmigo
contigo

how much
now, at this hour

quanto
a hora

myself
ourselves
self (my,one,your)
1(one)
2(two)

a mi mismo
a nosotros mismos
se
uno
duo

quien
como

morning
afternoon
evening
Night
tomorrow
book
expensive
like
state
house
today
table
very
late
more
much
minus/less
later
ready
soon
sick
drunk
dressed
well
look
clever
thanks
something
day/s
hand
good
man
week
next
a little
still / yet
people
time
film/movie
power
rio
language
language

jiffy/ quickly
dinner
sure
message
idea
bad
windows
able
face
car

Phrase
man~ana
tarde
tarde
noche
man~ana
libro
caro
gusta
estado
casa
hoy
mesa
mui
tarde
mas
mucho
minos
mas tarde
listo
pronto
infermo
borracho
vestido
bien
mira
listo
gracias
algo
dia/s
mano
buen
hombre
semana
proxima
un poco
todavia
gente
tiempo
p(el)i'cula
el poder
river
lenguaje
idioma

I m sorry
please
good day
I am going to
you are going to
they are going to
we are going to
at what time
like that
I must
a few days
we meet
I m good
you are good
there is / there are
too much
I like
you like
I want
I might want
I feel like to

lo siento
por favor
buenos dias
voy a
va a
van a
bamos a
a qui hora
asi
tengo que
unos dias
nos vemos
bueno
buena
hay(pronounced as i)
demasiado
me gusta
te/le gusta
quiero
quisiera
tener ganas de

Adjective
married
tired
occupied

casado / casada
cansado/da
occupado/da

THAT
that book : that is adjective : ese
that is a good book : that is prono
that : conjuntion : que
THIS
pronoun : esto
adjective : esta

momentito
lasena
seguro
recado
idea
mala
tanas
capaz
cara
carro

use of article
a(una), the(la), this(esta), that(esa) before NOUNS ending in 'a'
a (un), the(el), this(este), that(ese) before NOUNS ending in 'o'
this (esto), than(eso)- without a noun
noun ending in 'e' - ?

(pronounced as i)

er ganas de

ado / casada

t book : that is adjective : ese

t is a good book : that is pronoun : eso
t : conjuntion : que

noun : esto
ective : esta

exceptions
mano
dias, problema

a
the
this
that

Masuline
nouns ending in 'o', 'e'
un
el
este
ese

Feminine
nouns ending in 'a'
una
la
esta
esa

no noun

esto
eso

3.106E+010
604298964
AEAPC6902K

Juan ___ doce aos y ____ en Madrid.

_____ mucho jugar al ftbol y todos los domingos se levanta a las ocho para ir a jugar.
_____ con su camisa ______ y su pantaln negro y se va.
______un campo de ftbol ____ Parque del Retiro.
____ campo est muy lejos de la casa de ____ padres y siempre va en coche.
A Juan no le gusta ir en metro porque dice que vale _____ dinero.

Question 1: (TIENE) When speaking of someone's age, we use the verb "TENER." A
Question 2: (VIVE) The verb "VIVIR" + the preposition "en" indicates residence in a
Question 3: (LE GUSTA) The verb GUSTAR is always combined with the pronoun "LE" when co
Question 4: (SE VISTE) VESTIRSE, reflexive and irregular verb. For this reason it has the prono
Question 6: (HAY) The verb HAY appears with un/una afterwards whenever referring to a sing
Question 7: (DELANTE DEL) DELANTE always includes the preposition "DE". However, in som
Question 8: (ESTE) ESTE + singular word; ESTO + singular word; AQUELLO + singular word; E
Question 9: (SUS) SUS is used to show possession of something in plural (eg: Son sus padres

he verb "TENER." Additionally, it should be conjugated in the third person since we are spe
cates residence in a certain place. Vivir en = To live in.
pronoun "LE" when conjugated in third person. The GUSTAR part of the verb is in singular because wha
eason it has the pronoun "SE" and in this conjugation the "E" is changed for an "I".
ver referring to a singular object (eg: Hay un coche). The verb HAY will appear without an article if refe
DE". However, in some cases when the article "EL" follows the preposition DE, the two words will comb
LLO + singular word; ESTOS refers to something in plural. (eg: Este coche, Estos coches).
al (eg: Son sus padres/They are his parents). SUYOS also shows possession in plural but does not includ

on since we are speaking about Juan (l).

n singular because what he/she likes refers to a singular item.

ithout an article if referring to a common word in plural (eg: Hay coches). The verb EST/N appears wit
he two words will combine to create "DEL". (eg: Delante del coche; Delante de la casa).

ural but does not include the noun (eg: Son suyos/They are his).

rb EST/N appears with the articles el/la/los/las afterwards when referring to non-proper nouns (eg: All

n-proper nouns (eg: All est el coche). However, EST/N appears without an article when referring to a

le when referring to a proper noun (eg: All est Laura.)

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
40
41
42
50
60
70
80
90
100
101
102

dos
tres
cuatro
cinco
seis
siete
ocho
nueve
diez
once
doce
trece
catorce
quince
diecisis
diecisiete
dieciocho
diecinueve
veinte
veintiuno
veintids
veintitrs
veinticuatro
veinticinco
veintisis
veintisiete
veintiocho
veintinueve
treinta
treinta y uno
treinta y dos
treinta y tres
cuarenta
cuarenta y uno
cuarenta y dos
cincuenta
sesenta
setenta
ochenta
noventa
ciento
ciento uno
ciento dos

103 ciento tres

110 ciento diez
199 ciento noventa y nueve
200 doscientos
201 doscientos uno
202 doscientos dos
203 doscientos tres
251 doscientos cincuenta y uno
252 doscientos cincuenta y dos
300 trescientos
400 cuatrocientos
500 quinientos
600 seiscientos
700 setecientos
800 ochocientos
900 novecientos
1000 mil
2000 dos mil
3000 tres mil
3333 tres mil trescientos treinta y tres
1000000 un million

enero
febrero
marzo
abril
mayo
junio
julio
agosto
setiembre
octubre
noviembre
diciembre

mes
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December

dias
1 Sunday
domingo
2 Monday
Lunes
3 Tuesday
Martes
4 Wednesday miercoles
5 Thursday
jueves
6 Friday
viernes
7 Saturday
sabado

origin
Sun/Lords day
Moon
Mars
Mercury
Jupiter
Venus
Sabbath/Saturn

able
ability

capaz
capac idad

responsible
responsibility

responsable
responsabil idad

active
activity

activ idad

relexive pronouns
me (myself)
te (yourself)
se (himself, herself, yourself)
nos (ourselves)
os (yourselves)
se (themselves, yourselves)

Juan se lava la cara

Juan washes his face
Juan lava su carro
Juan washes his car

(reflexive)
(non-reflexive)

Uses of ser
the hour, day, and date
place of origin
occupation
nationality
religious or political affiliation
the material something is made of
possession
relationship of one person to another
certain impersonal expressions
where an event is taking place
essential qualities
9
Uses of estar
geographic or physical location
state or condition
many idiomatic expressions
progressive tenses
10
Ser and estar (contrasting uses)
When a noun follows the verb, use ser
When an adjective follows the verb, decide between "essence" and "condition"
To tell where something is from, use ser
To tell where something is located right now, use estar
To tell where an event is taking place, use ser

la
el
el
el
el
la
el
el
la
la
la
el
el

baera
excusado
lavamanos
botiqun
jabn
toalla
cortinero
gorro de bao
ducha
jabonera
esponja
champ
desage

bathtub
toilet
sink
medicine cabinet
soap
towel
curtain rod
shower cap
shower
soap dish
sponge
shampoo
drain

Question
Tuesday

Answer

Check
oops - correct answer is Martes