Digital Design

CS/EEE/ECE /INSTR F215

4-Aug-16

Digital Design
CS/EEE/ECE /INSTR F215

SOUVIK KUNDU
Room No. : D-223
Research Area of Interest : Nanoelectronics,
Electronic Materials for Emerging Electronic
Devices, Solar cells, etc.

4-Aug-16

Things to Remember
Presentations will be uploaded on CMS in PDF format :
See CS F215 LS1
Keep your mobiles Switched off or in Silent
Notices- EEE Dept. Notice boards and CMS
Consultation Hour: Friday 11 12 pm

4-Aug-16

CS/EEE/ECE /INSTR F215

CKV

Things to Remember
EDD notes a must for labs
Verilog is also part of Course (download Xilinx ISE from
DC)

4-Aug-16

CS/EEE/ECE /INSTR F215

CKV

One BIG Question

Why learn this subject ?

4-Aug-16

CS/EEE/ECE /INSTR F215

CKV

Three Simple Answers

Placements
Basic Subject for Higher Level Courses

4-Aug-16

CS/EEE/ECE /INSTR F215

CKV

Lecture 1: Introduction to Digital systems

Handout

4-Aug-16

Handout
Course No.
Course Title
Instructor-in-charge
Team of Instructors
Lecture
Tutorial
Practical

CS / EEE / ECE / INSTR F215

Digital Design
Prabhakar Rao
Souvik Kundu, Prabhakar Rao, and Syed Ershad Ahmed
Syed Ershad Ahmed , Prabhakar Rao , Souvik Kundu, Surya Shankar Dan,
and Chetan Kumar
Chetan Kumar, Souvik Kundu, Surya Shankar Dan, Soumya J, Gautam
Makkena, Sai phaneedra, Avinash Vaidya

Course Description

This course covers the topics on logic circuits and

minimization,
Combinational and sequential logic circuits, Programmable Logic devices,
State table and state diagrams, Digital ICs, Arithmetic operations and
algorithms, Introduction to Computer organization, Algorithmic State
Machines

Scope and Objective

The objective of the course is to impart knowledge of the basic tools for the
design of digital circuits and to provide methods and procedures suitable
for a variety of digital design applications. The course also introduces
fundamental concepts of computer organization. The course also provides
laboratory practice using MSI devices.

Course Plan
Lect. No.

Learning Objectives

Topics to be covered

Reference to Text Book

Introduction to Digital
Systems and
Characteristics of
Digital ICs.

Digital Systems, Digital ICs

1.1, 1.9, 2.3, 10.1 &

10.2

2-3

Boolean algebra and

logic gates, Codes
number systems

Boolean functions, Canonical

forms, number systems and
codes

1.2 - 1.7, 2.4-2.9

4-5

Simplification of
Boolean functions

K-Maps (4,5 variables)

3.1- 3.8

Simulation and
synthesis basics

Hardware Description
Language

3.11

Course Plan
7

Simplification of
Boolean functions

QM Method

8-10

Combinational Logic,
Arithmetic circuits

Adders, Subtractors, Multipliers 4.1 4.7

11-12

MSI Components

Comparators, Decoders,
Encoders, MUXs, DEMUXs

4.8 - 4.11

13

Simulation of
Combinational Logic
Functions.
Sequential Logic

HDL for Combinational Logic

4.12

Flip-Flops & Characteristic

tables, Latches

5.1 - 5.4

14-15

3.10

Course Plan
16-18

Clocked Sequential
Circuits

Analysis of clocked sequential 5.5, 5.7 & 5.8

circuits, state diagram and
reduction
Shift registers, Synchronous & 6.1 - 6.5
Asynchronous counters

19-20

Registers & Counters

21

Simulation of
Sequential Logic
Functions.

HDL for Sequential Logic

5.6

22-23

Analysis of arithmetic
units

Multiplication & Division

algorithms

T2: Appendix A &

Class Notes

Course Plan
24-27

Modular approach for

CPU Design

RTL, HDL description

8.1 & 8.2, 8.4 - 8.8

28-30

Design of Digital
Systems

Algorithmic State Machines

R1. Chapter 8

31-33

Design of
Asynchronous Circuits.

Asynchronous Sequential Logic 9.1 9.4

34-36

Memory and PLDs

RAM, ROM, PLA, PAL

7.2, 7.5 - 7.7

37-39

Memory Organization

Memory Hierarchy & different

types of memories

T2: Ch 6 & Class

Notes

Course Plan
40-42

Digital Integrated Circuits

TTL, MOS Logic families and their

characteristics

10.3, 10.5, 10.7 - 10.10

TEXT BOOKS
T1: M.Moris Mano and Michael D. Ciletti Digital Design, PHI, 4th Edition,
2009
T2: G Raghurama, TSB Sudharshan Introduction to Computer
Organization. EDD notes 2007
T3: Laboratory Manual for Digital Electronics and Computer Organization.
Reference Books
R1: Donald D. Givonne, Digital Principles and Design TMH, 2003.
R2: Samir Palnitkar, Verilog HDL, Prentice Hall; 2 edition, 2003

Evaluation Scheme
Component

Duration

Weightage
(%)

Test 1

60 Min

25

13/9, 4 5 PM

CB

Test 2

60 Min

25

21/10, 4 5 PM

OB

LAB
Component

Day to
Day
Evaluation
LAB
Exam

13.33

Regular

Demo/Practicals (OB)

6.67

Will be announced

CB

3 Hrs

30

13/12, FN

CB

Comprehensi
ve
Examination

Date & Time

Remarks

CKV

ENIAC
Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer

4-Aug-16

CS/EEE/ECE /INSTR F215

15

CKV

I/O, Memory, CPU - A digital Computer

4-Aug-16

CS/EEE/ECE /INSTR F215

16

CKV

Digital Systems
A digital computer- Example of Digital System
> Connection of Digital modules

> Connection of Digital gates

> Connection of Transistors
> Transistor Controlled Switch
4-Aug-16

CS/EEE/ECE /INSTR F215

17

CKV

Digital Systems
Digital System ?
A system which manipulates the discrete elements of
information
Binary Codes

How to manipulate binary Codes?

Binary Logic
4-Aug-16

CS/EEE/ECE /INSTR F215

18

CKV

Binary Logic
Binary Logic - Binary variables & set of logical
operations
Binary variables represented by alphabets

Three basic logical operations

AND

4-Aug-16

CS/EEE/ECE /INSTR F215

19

CKV

Binary Logic
Binary Logic - Binary variables & set of logical
operations
Binary variables represented by alphabets

Three basic logical operations

AND
OR

4-Aug-16

CS/EEE/ECE /INSTR F215

1
20

CKV

Binary Logic
Binary Logic - Binary variables & set of logical
operations
Binary variables represented by alphabets

Three basic logical operations

AND
OR
NOT
4-Aug-16

CS/EEE/ECE /INSTR F215

0
21

CKV

Binary Logic
Binary Logic - Binary variables & set of logical
operations
Binary variables represented by alphabets

Three basic logical operations

Logic Gates

AND
OR

Realised ?

NOT
4-Aug-16

CS/EEE/ECE /INSTR F215

22

CKV

Logic Gates
Logic gates operate on one or more input signals to
produce output signal
Input Signals
Logical

Physical

3V
Logic 1

0
1

0-1 V
2-3 V

2V
Transition Region
1V
Logic 0

Just an Example
4-Aug-16

CS/EEE/ECE /INSTR F215

0V
23

CKV

Digital ICs
Interconnection of Digital gates - Digital ICs
Digital gates can be realized using different Logic
Families
RTL, DTL, TTL, ECL

Long gone only used in Discrete ICs

Todays Logic Family - CMOS
90nm, 65nm, 45nm, 22nm ??

4-Aug-16

CS/EEE/ECE /INSTR F215

24

CKV

Number Systems

4-Aug-16

25

CKV

What value does this number represent ?

10
Before answering lets see some basics
4-Aug-16

CS/EEE/ECE /INSTR F215

26

CKV

Number systems
General use Decimal numbers : 8956

Digits used are 0-9

8956 = 8 x 103 + 9 x 102 + 5 x 101 + 6 x 100
Can be generalized to any decimal number
a3a2a1a0 . a-1a-2
= a3 x 103 + a2 x 102 + a1 x 101 + a0 x 100 + a-1 x 10-1 + a-2 x 10-2
4-Aug-16

CS/EEE/ECE /INSTR F215

27

CKV

Number systems
Decimal number system: Base is 10 Numbers used : 0-9

Base also called radix

Binary number system : Base is 2 Numbers used : 0-1
101.11
= 1 x 22 + 0 x 21 + 1 x 20 + 1 x 2-1 + 1 x 2-2
= 4 + 0 + 1 + 0.5 + 0.25

= 5.75
4-Aug-16

CS/EEE/ECE /INSTR F215

28

CKV

Number systems
For Base - r system (anan-1. a1a0. a-1a-2..a-m)r
an x rn + an-1 x rn-1 a1 x r1 + a0 x r0 + a-1 x r-1 +..a-m x r-m

Find the decimal equivalent of

(123.4)8

1 x 82 + 2 x 81 + 3 x 80 + 4 x 8-1 = 83.5

(B2.4)16
(110101)2
4-Aug-16

CS/EEE/ECE /INSTR F215

29

Number systems
(B65F)16

Express the following numbers in decimal

(10110.0101)2
(26.24)8

(1010.1010)2
(16.5)16

(FAFA)16

4-Aug-16

CS/EEE/ECE /INSTR F215

30

CKV

What value does this number represent ?

10
Now can you answer this ?
4-Aug-16

CS/EEE/ECE /INSTR F215

31

CKV

Next Class
Number Systems

Number base conversions Reading Assignment

Complements

Signed binary numbers

Binary codes BCD, Gray

4-Aug-16

CS/EEE/ECE /INSTR F215

32

CKV

Three Simple Answers

Placements
Basic Subject for Higher
Level Courses
Last but not least

KNOWLEDGE
4-Aug-16

CS/EEE/ECE /INSTR F215

33

Problems
(1) Use binary expansion to convert binary
fractions into decimals
(i) (101.1101)2 (ii) (1101.0111)2
(iii) (111.111)2 (iv) (101.01011)2
(2) Convert
(i) (13.6875)10 (ii) (32.45)10
(iii) (28.555)10 (iv) (7.0202)10 into binary
fraction
4-Aug-16

CS/EEE/ECE /INSTR F215

34

(3) Convert the following numbers with the

indicated base to decimal :
(i) (4310)5 (ii) (198)12
(iii) (735)8 (iv) (525)6

4-Aug-16

CS/EEE/ECE /INSTR F215

35

(4) For a given input wave forms find the

output waveform for (i) AND (ii) OR (iii) NOT
gates

4-Aug-16

CS/EEE/ECE /INSTR F215

36

4-Aug-16

CS/EEE/ECE /INSTR F215

37

CKV

Thank You

4-Aug-16

CS/EEE/ECE /INSTR F215

38