/

/
(kavunsa)

(rok / rokiye)

(khula / kholiye)
/

(mat aao)

(kar sakte)

(mat bolo)

/
/

(mat jaao)

(tho'da)

(bolo / bolana)
/

/
(bahuth / adhik)

(pyaar)

(bhagavaan)

/
(idhar / yahaa)

(tera / tumhaaraa )

(achchaa)

(shrimati)

(mera)

(meh)
/

(andhar)

(ladiki)

(mere liye)
/

(bahaar)

(kithnaa)

(tumhare liye / aapke liye)

/

/
(meraa / meraa hai)

(adhmi)


/
(tumhaare / aapkaa)

(sri)

(vaha)

(unka)

/
(uskey / uskaa)
/

(jao / jayiyey)
/

(batao / boliye)

(ham)

(kahaan)

(mat kehna)
/

/
(ro'kna)

(haa)

/
/

(kshamaa / kshamaa karna)

(nahi abhi tak)

/

(mamtaa)

(dhanyevaad)

(jhoot)
/
/
(kyaa / kya hey)
/
/
(kyun / kisliye)

(hotho)

(vishvas)

(mahodaya)

(vahaa)

/
(kaisaa)
/
/
(nahi / nahi hey)

(iss)
/

/
(mahilaa / aurat)

/
(ladaka)
/
/
(aao / aayiye)
/
/
(chal / hato)
/
/
(bandh / bandh karo)
/
(aap / tum)

(mereku)

(thumko)
/

(vaha / uss)

(uskaa)

/
/

/
(sahi / sachchaa)

/
(hamare / apnaa)
/
(kabb / jabb)
Basic words Hi or Hello: Namaste Please: Please Thank You: Shukhriya Sorry: Maaf kijiye Please:
Kripaya Ok:Theek hai Days of the week Monday: somavar Tuesday: mgalavar Wednesday: budhavar
Thursday: guruvar Friday: shukravar Saturday: shanivar Sunday: ravivar Months January:janvari
February: pharvari March: marc April: aprail May: mai June:jun July:julai August: agast September:
sitambar October: aktubar November: navambar December: disambar Family Father: pitajee
Mother: maa (or) maa -ta -jee Grandfather: daa -daa -jee Grandmother: daa -dee -maa Brother:

bhaa -e Elder Brother: bhai -ya Yonger Brother: cho -ta bhaa -e Sister: ba -hen Elder Sister: dee -dee
Yonger Sister:cho -tee ba -hen - 16 - Son: bae -ta Daughter: bae -tee Grandson: po -ta
Granddaughter: po -tee Husband: pa -tee Wife: pat -nee Colors black: kala blue: nila bright: chamkila
brown: bhura color: rang golden: sunahra gray: hura green: hara orange: naranji red: lal white: safed
yellow: pila Directions Right: Dahine Left: Bayen taxi: taxi train: train subway: subway bus: bus
street: sadak middle: beech under: neeche Eating chicken: chicken lamb: lamb fish: machli pork:pork
ham: ham broil: bhoonna bake: sek -na boil: ubaalna fry: talna vegetable: subzi - 17 - salad: salad
bread: rotee cheese: paneer rice: cha-wal potato: a-alu soup: soup chocolate: chocolate dessert:
mit-hai coffee: cofee tea: chai milk: doodh beer: beer water: pa-a-nee
bolna = to speak likhna = to write lena = to take ana = to come
Masculine nouns on a: larka = boy Singular larka (direct) larke (indirect) Plural larke (direct) larka
(indirect) Feminine nouns on i: larki = girl Singular larki (direct) larki (indirect) Plural larkiyan (direct)
larkiyon (indirect)
suresh:

Nathan

Nathan

- suresh

? Kya tum Hindi paddhtey ho? Do you read Hindi?

Han

yes.

? Kya tum Angreji likhte ho? Do you write English?

nahin

- suresh:

No.

? Tum kya seekhte ho ?

What do you learn?

Nathan

| Main Hindi Seekhta huun .

I learn Hindi.
Nathan

? Kya tum Chennai mein rahte ho ?

Do you stay in Chennai?

- suresh;

| Main Chennai mein 2005 sey rahta hun .

I stay in Chennai since 2005.

- suresh:

/ Kya Mary tumharey ghar aatee hai?

Does Mary come to your house?

Nathan :

Haan, vah kabhi-kabhi aatee hai. Yes, she comes sometimes.

Nathan :

? Kya tum gaatey ho ?

Do you sing?
- suresh :

| Main Mukesh key geet gaata hun .

I sing Mukeshs song.

- suresh

Kya doosrey mitr bhi tumhare ghar aatey hain?

Do other friends also come to your house?
Nathan :

| Han , we bhi aatey hain.

Ye , they do.(come)
Nathan:

Kya tumko bheee sangeet pasand hai?

Do you like music also?
- Suresh

Mujhe sangeet bahut pasand hai.

I love music very much.

Sangeet ke binja jeevan adhoora hai.

The life is incomplete without music.
Nathan;

?
kyaa tum chaay peetey ho?
Do you drink tea?
- Suresh :

Main roaj subah coffee peeta huun.

I drink coffee in the morning,daily .
Some more sentences(examples of present tense)
1.

|Hari padhta hai. Hari reads/studies. -Present indefinite tense.

2.

| Hari paddh raha hai.Hari is reading/studying a book .-present continuous tense.

3.

| Hari padha hai. Hari has read/studied- Present perfect.

4.

| Hari subah sey padh rahaa hai.

Hari has been reading/studying since morning-Present perfect continuous.

Kuchh aur udaaharan :Some more examples:

: Sakaraatmak : Positive
| Tum ek gaadee chala rahe ho. You are driving a vehicle.

| Tum ek gaadee chala chuke ho.You have driven a vehicle.

II.

Nakaaratmak :Negative:

| Tum kitab nahin paddh rahee ho.

You are not reading a book.

| Tumney patra nahin likha hai. You have not written a letter.

|Tum patra nahin likhtey ho. You do not write a letter.

III.

: Prashnwatchak : Interrogative:

| Main Hindi nahin padhta huun. I do not read Hindi .

? Kyaa tum ek geet likh rahe ho ? Are you writing a song?

? Kya tum ek patra likh chukey ho ? Have you written a letter/

? Kya tum ek kahanee likhtey ho ?Do you write a story?

? Kya main Tamil Padhtaa huun? Do I read Tamil?

Some more Present tense examples( also includes info. on masculine or feminine too or
singular or plural)

| Main vidhyalay jaata huun. I go to the school. Singular/masculine.

| Mai paathshalla jaati hun. I go to the school.- singular/feminine.

| Hum Mumbai jaatey hain. We go to Mumbai.- plural

| Usha does not drink milk .

Usha does not drink milk. Singular /feminine

| Ve ghar jaatee hain . They go home -plural/feminine

| ve ghar jaatey hain . They go home= plural/masculine

| Vah karyalay jaata hai. He goes to the office- singular/masculine.

(Tee ) ending denotes: feminine:

VOCABULARY:

(Mitr or dost) = Friend or

/ (Ghar/ gruh) = House

(Rahna) to stay/live:

( nivas sthan) Residence:

(sthan or jagah )Place:

(kabhee kabhee )Sometimes

(Peena) to drink
(se) Since/feminine
| (Hain) are -plural
|(Hai ) : Is -singular

=yaar (pal),

( sakhee) girl to her friend

 (aata hai ):Comes (verb)- masculine

(jeevan) life
(geet) song/lyrics
(Sangeet) sic
(roaj):Daily
(subah) or
dawn, or

(bhoar) morning

( sabera)

( prabhaat)-dawn

(Likhna): to write (verb)

(Padhnastrong>to read ( verb)
(ptr) or

(chitthee) or

(daal) or

(khat) means letter/post/mail

( Patra manjoosha) letter box

(Kahanee): story
(adhoora) or
or
or

(apoorn)-incomplete
(paathshaala or vidhyalaya) = school

(karyalay: or daftar): office

Tips: Hai,(is) Hun,hain(are) (am) or Ho(are) last word of the sentence is indicative of
present tense.
Task: In the line of above, practice more similar present tense sentences and share.
Hello Namaste or Pranam
Hello Amit Namaste Amit ji (ji at the end of the name is used to show respect)
Me Mai
I am from USA Mai USA se hum
Mine Mera
This is mine Ye mera hai
Yours App ka
Is this yours Kya ye aap ka hai
Who Kaun
Who are you Aap kaun hai

Clothes Kapra
Where are my clothes Mera kapra kaha hai
Tea Chai
I need a cup of tea Mujhe ek cup chai chahiye
Water Paani
I need a bottle of water Mujhe ek bottle paani chahiye
Food Khana
Give me food Mujhe khana do
Do you speak English Kya apa English bolte hai
Speak slowly Dheray boliye
Yes Haa
No Nahi
Please Kripya
Thank you Dhanevaad

More basic Hindi sentences

How are you App kaise hai
I am fine Mai thik hu
Nice to meet you Aap se milkar khusi hui
Who are you App kaun hai
What is your name Aap ka kya naam hai
My name is Mariellen Mera naam Mariellen hai
Where are you from Aap kaha se hai
I am from Canada Mai Canada se hu
Where is the station Station kaha hai

Where is the bus stand Bus stand kaha hai

Where is the toilet Toilet kaha hai
Can you help me Kya aap meri madaad karenge
Whats this Ye kya hai
I want to buy this Mujhe ye kharidna hai
How much is this Ye kitnay ka hai
Lower the price Daam kum kijiye

Word

Transliteration
(IAST)

English
equivalent

me

in, into

hai

is

hai

are

nah

no; not

lie

holding; taking with one

gay

gone; past

tath

1. conj. and. 2. adv. in the same way as

apne

ours

kuch

something

10

sth

1. n. company; something accompanying. 2. adv. with; along; in

the company of

hot

happening

11

Word

Transliteration
(IAST)

English
equivalent

12

th

was

13

diy

given

14

hue

becoming

ko

becoming

16

rp

form; shape; appearance; aspect

17

se

by means of; by; with

mai

rah

(auxiliary verb)

15

18

19

20

hu

became; came about; was

21

bt

something said, a word, remark; speech, talk, words;

conversation; discussion

kah

something said; a remark; remarks

samay

time

24

ky

what

25

apn

her own; hers

hot

happening

prakr

kind; sort; type

22

23

26

27

Word

Transliteration
(IAST)

28

English
equivalent

bahut

many; much

tarah

kind; type

30

bd

speech; discussion, dispute; argument

31

phir

1. anew, again. 2. thereafter, afterwards; next; then. 3.

furthermore; but.

32

rahe

masculine plural form of continuous aspect auxiliary verb

33

dvr

by means

34

adhik

increased, exceeding; more

35

rah

(auxiliary verb)

36

hone

be

37

eva

1. thus, so. 2. and.

hu

becoming

the

were

unke

his

41

th

was

42

vle

used to denote a relationship to the noun, verb, or adjective

preceding the postposition

43

chie

is wanted (

29

38

39

40

, is wanted by); is needful (to or for); should

Word

Transliteration
(IAST)

English
equivalent
ought

44

din

day

45

lekin

but; however

km

action; act; work; task

am

hote

are

46

47

48

49

iske

of this; for this

50

unhe

to them (dative case)

51

gaye

plural perfective aspect of

52

kabh

sometimes; at any time

di

et cetera

54

log

people, folk

55

br

1. times, occasion. 2. gate, door; doorway.

56

yah

1. here. 2. at

57

dono

the two; both

unhone

oblique case of they

53

58

Word

Transliteration
(IAST)

English
equivalent

59

krya

1. action, act; activity. 2. work, task duty.

60

ps

nearby

61

vah

there

bhrat

India

liy

taken

prpt

1. obtained; acquired; incurred. 2. come upon, found.

unk

theirs; his (formal)

66

logo

people (plural)

67

gay

went

68

lag

seemed

69

anya

other; different

70

hog

will be

is

this (emphatic)

72

de

1. place, region. 2. country; nation

73

yadi

if; whether

74

sabh

every single one; absolutely all

62

63

64

65

71

Word

Transliteration
(IAST)

English
equivalent
nm

name, title

76

var

a year

77

ais

of this sort

78

viks

opening, expanding

79

apn

one's, one's own

80

aise

of this sort

81

dsare

another; secondly

82

hth

hand

83

bh

language; speech

75

84

mere

my

85

maine

86

tum

you (informal)

bc

middle

88

vl

1. (added to noun) a person employed in the preceding noun. 2.

(added to adjective) adds emphasis to preceding adjective. 3.
(added to noun, adjective, or noun phrase) gives adjectival
properties to preceding word. 4. (added to verb) gives agentive
meaning to preceding verb. Feminine form of
.

89

bae

big; large; great; elder

87

Word

Transliteration
(IAST)

90

91

92

93

English
equivalent

prati

1. (f. noun) copy of an original. 2. (f. noun) section, group (of a

larger whole). 3. (prefix) again, back again, re-. 4. (preposition)
towards, against, anti-. 5. (preposition) each, every; per. 6.
(preposition) similar to.

vyakti

a person; a particular person

unk

theirs; his (formal)

liye

took; received; accepted

94

islie

so; therefore

95

tn

three

96

isk

his (informal)

97

ais

of this sort

98

vihe

1. particular, special, distinctive. 2. excellent.

99

ba

big, large; great

100

athv

or

Word

Hindi

old

purana

new

naya

good

achcha

bad

bura, kharab

Word

Transliteration
(IAST)

English
equivalent

wet

bhiga, gilaa

dry

khushk, sukhaa

long

lamba

short

chhota

hot

garam

cold

thanda

right

daaye

left

baaye

near

karib, pass

far

door

big

bara

small

chota

heavy

bhari

light

halka

above

upar

below

niche

white

safed

black

kala

red

lal

Government and Business - Hindi Words

Word

Hindi

Account

lekhaa

Accused

abhiyukt

Act

adhiniyam

Adult

prauDh

Administration

Sasan

Advice

salah

Advocate

adhivakta

Agent

abhikarta

Algebra

beej ganit

Airplane

Vayuyan

Amendment

sanshodhan

Atom Bomb

aNubam

Application

avedan patra

Approval

anumodan

Ambassador

rajdoot

Appointment

niyukti

Bill

vidheyak

Broadcasting

prasaaraN

Business

vyapaar

Condition

shart

Discovery

aavishkaar

Diplomacy

kootnit

Election

chunav

Experiment

prayog

Evidence

saachhy

Fin Minister

vitt mantri

Fire Brigade

damkal

Fare

kiraya

Gazette

suchana patra

Government

sarkaar

Grant

anudaan

Guardian

sanrakshak

Habit

aadat

High court

uchch-nyayalay

Honorary

avaitanik

Infantry

pad sena

Income tax

aaykar

Institution

sansthaa

Judge

nyayadhish

Judgement

nyay, nirNay

Law

vidhi

Legislation

vidhan

Laboratory

prayogshala

Liability

uttardayitva

Literature

saahitya

Majority

bahu-mat

Minority

alp-mat

Manager

prabandhak

Miscellaneous

vividh

National

rastriya

Navy

nav-sena

Order

aadesh

Ordinance

adhyadesh

Opposition

virodh

Paragraph

anuchchhed

Principle

sidhdhaant

Passport

paar patra

Procession

jaloos

Proposal

prastav

Post-mortem

shav parikshaa

Program

karya kram

Qualification

yogyata

Republic

gan-tantra

Registered

panji-krit

Resignation

tyag-patra

Security

surakshaa

Sentence

vaakya

Syllabus

paathyakram

Time-table

samay sariNi

Traffic

yaataayaat

Television

door darshan

Telephone

door bhas

Training

prashikshan

Transfer

sthaanantaran

U.N.O.

Sanyukta Rastra
Sangh

Unanimous

sarv sammati

Valid

maanya, vaidh

Vacation

avakaash

Vocation

vyavsaay

Volunteer

svayam sevak

Will

vasiiyat

Wages

mazdoori, vetan

War time

yuddh kaal

Word

Hindi

to eat

khana, kha

to bite

kaatna

to be hungry

bhukh lagna

to drink

pina

to be thirsty

pyas lagna

to sleep

sona

to lie

letna

to sit

baethna

to give

dena

to burn

jalaana

to die

marna

to kill

maarna

to fly

udna

to walk

chalna

to run

daurna

to go

jaanaa

to come

aanaa

to speak

bolna

to hear

sunana

to look

dekhna

to knock

khatkhatana

Word

Hindi

day

din

night

raat

morning

subah

noon

dopaher

evening

sham

yesterday

beeta hua kal

today

aaj

tomorrow

aanewala kal

week

saptah, hafta

month

mah, mahina

year

varsh, saal

Sunday

Ravivar

Monday

Somvar

Tuesday

Mangalvar

Wednesday

Budhvar

Thursday

Guruvar

Friday

Shukravar

Saturday

Shanivar

name

naam

man

aadmi

woman

aurat

child

bachcha

father

baap

mother

maa

older brother

bara bhai

younger
brother

chota bhai

older sister

bari bahen

younger sister

choti bahen

son

beta

daughter

beti

husband

pati, shouhar

wife

patni, biwi

boy

ladka

girl

ladki

Word

Hindi

mai

you

tum

you (formal)

aap

he

vo

she

vo

we

hum

we (exclusive)

hum

you (plural)

tum log

they

vo log

thread

dhaagaa

needle

sui

cloth

kapra

ring

angoothi

village

gaon

house

ghar

roof

chhat

door

darwaja

firewood

lakdi

broom

jharu

mortar

mortar

cement

cement

masala

masala

hammer

hathora

knife

chaku

axe

kulhari

rope

rassi

sun

suraj

moon

chand

sky

aasman

star

taaraa

rain

baris, varsha

water

pani, jal

river

nadi

cloud

badal

lighting

bijali

rainbow

indra dhanush

,
,

wind

hawa, vayu

stone

patthar

path

rasta, path

sand

ret

fire

aag

smoke

dhuan

ash

rakh

mud

keechar

dust

mitti, dhool

gold

sona

oil

tel

salt

namak

Vegetarian

shaakahaari

Word

Hindi

old

purana

new

naya

good

achcha

bad

bura, kharab

wet

bhiga, gilaa

dry

khushk, sukhaa

long

lamba

short

chhota

hot

garam

cold

thanda

right

daaye

left

baaye

near

karib, pass

far

door

big

bara

small

chota

heavy

bhari

light

halka

above

upar

below

niche

white

safed

black

kala

red

lal

Word

Hindi

body

badan

head

sar

hair

baal

face

chehra

eye

ankh

ear

kaan

nose

naak

mouth

munh

teeth

daat

tongue

jibh

breast

chhaati

belly

pet

arm

baazoo

hand

haath

elbow

kohni

palm

hatheli

finger

ungli

fingernail

nakhun

leg

taang

skin

chamari

bone

haddi

heart

dil

blood

khoon

urine

peshab

faeces, feces

paikhaana

who

kaun

what

kya

where

kidhar

when

kab

which

kaun sa

how many

kitne

this

yeh

that

woh

these

ye

those

wo

same

ek jaisa

different

alag

whole

puraa

broken

tuta

few

thora, kuchh

many

ziada, kai

all

sab

,
,

atithi (guest)

arth (money)
ashv (horse)

(darkness)

, ,

aakaash (sky)

aatma (soul)

ichchaa (wish)

Indra

ishwar (god)

koyal (nightingale)

,
, ,

,
,

,
,

,
,

,
,

, ,

,
,

kamal (lotus)

kiran (ray)

, , ,

ahankaar (vanity)
aankh (eye)

sur (devil)

anupam (unique)

andhakaar

agni (fire)

amrit (nectar)

,
,
,

Ganesh

garmi (heat)
chandra (moon)

, ,

, ,

mata (mother)

, ,
,

(mountain)

patni (wife)

prithvi (earth)

pakshi (bird)

pushp (flower)

naav (boat)

putra (son)

nadi (river)

pahaad

dhanush (bow)

pawan (air)

jal (water)

jewar (jewelry)

ganga (Ganges)

, ,

,
,

,
,

, ,

mitra (friend)

megh (cloud)

van (forest)

vriksh (tree)

shatru (enemy)
samudra
(sea,ocean)

smooh (group)

,
,

sinh (lion)

sansaar (world)

,
,

surya (sun)

swarg (heaven)

,
,

,
,

a aa i ii u uu e ai ri o au Consonants

cha chha ja jha Na

haathi (elephant)

swarn (gold)
haath (hand)

sugandhi (scent)

pa pha ba bha ma

istri (lady)

sarp (snake)

Vowels

Ta Tha Da Dha Na Ra Rha

ya ra la va

ka kha ga gha Na
ta tha da dha na

sha Sha sa ha Conjunct forms (frequent only)

ksha tra jna shra dya Borrowed Sounds Representation

qa kha ga za fa