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AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES
Anorexia and bulimia may be autoimmune diseasesand so may several other psychiatric illnesses.
Sometimes, the immune system works in mysterious ways. During an infection, one of its roles is to produce
antibodies designed to attack and eliminate the invading bugs. However, in certain unlucky individuals the
body also develops so-called auto-antibodies which attack its own tissue, sometimes with devastating effects.
The result is known as an autoimmune disease, two well-known examples of which are type-1 diabetes and
multiple sclerosis. But there is a widespread suspicion among researchers that a lot more diseases have an
autoimmune component. In particular, they think, a number of illnesses usually labelled as psychiatric are at
bottom the result of autoimmunity.
Until now, that suspicion has been based on correlations between certain sorts of infection and certain sets
of psychiatric symptoms. But work just published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences by
Serguei Fetissov of the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm and his colleagues has shown the connection more
tightly for two psychiatric eating disordersanorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.
1.

It can be derived from the passage that ----.

A) among autoimmune diseases, mental illnesses are confined to anorexia and bulimia
B) in case of an infection, the primary role of the immune system is to produce antibodies to attack the

bodys own tissues

C) both anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa may lead to several other psychiatric disorders
D) type-1 diabetes is the first known example of autoimmune diseases followed by multiple sclerosis
E) the immune system works in an advantageous manner not in all individuals

YDS READERS 11.PARA

ANCIENT CARVINGS REVEAL PHARAOH'S DARK AGE
Egyptian archaeologists have unearthed carvings at four ancient temples in the Sinai peninsula. They
hope they will shed fresh light on one of the most obscure periods of Pharaonic history. Rare inscriptions on
the temples' walls relate to the Hyksos - Asiatic peoples who invaded Egypt during the 12th dynasty (1991-1802
BC) and ruled for more than a century from their Nile Delta capital, Avaris. "There is a carving of King Ramses
I standing before the god Set, who was worshipped by the Hyksos. On Tuesday, archaeologist Mohammed
Abdel Maksud, who heads the mission, said this is the first of its kind.
The Hyksos, whose name means "foreign rulers" in ancient Greek, were so hated that when Egyptians
eventually returned to power, they destroyed all Hyksos monuments and records. The find, including
inscriptions relating to an array of other gods and kings, "opens the door to many secrets of that time and could
help rewrite Sinai's history, Maksud said. The inscriptions will be taken immediately to Cairo for analysis, said
Maksud, who has been excavating the area since 1986.
YDS READERS 13.PARA
2.

It is implied in the passage that the Hyksos ----.

A) were also mentioned in ancient Greek writings and meant tyrant "foreign rulers"
B) were people from the continent Asia, who conquered Egypt and governed it for over one hundred years
C) finally had to allow Egyptians to come to power again, but couldnt protect their special structures from

Egyptian rulers
D) helped many secrets of their time to be unravelled and Sinais history to be rewritten

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Worksheets / Lesson-3
E) regarded their king as someone with a higher status than god and thus worshipped not god but their king

Aadaki sorularda, cmlede bo braklan yerlere uygun den szck ya da ifadeyi

bulunuz.
1.

The auroras are caused by the ---- of solar winds with gases in the Earths atmosphere.
A) intersection

B) completion
D) perception

2.

It seems strange to us now that miners and others employed in dangerous work should not have
demanded the provision of ---- headgear.
A) forceful

B) obstructive
D) protective

3.

B) rejections
D) denials

B) determination
D) consistence

B) fill in
D) put over

B) hold up
D) try out

C) run through
E) break into

Such information is not being used in engineering applications ---- present, but it is ---- much
importance to the food and beverage industry.
A) at / of

B) in / with
D) on / about

8.

C) lay out
E) work out

This particular herbicide seems to be environmental-friendly, and they plan to ---- its effect on broadleaved plants.
A) cope with

7.

C) engagement
E) combination

The moon maps are incomplete but it is hoped that the 2008 lunar orbiter will ---- the gaps for us.
A) make up

6.

C) admissions
E) illusions

In a blizzard, the ---- of very low temperatures, strong wind and suffocating snow often proves fatal.
A) expectation

5.

C) relentless
E) intensive

Champions of the green movement regard the internal combustion machine as one of the biggest ---in history.
A) disasters

4.

C) interaction
E) distraction

C) by / to
E) from / for

The strategy for dealing ---- a fire in a tunnel used to be ---- the train to continue until it had left the
tunnel.
A) from / through

B) at / by
D) over / to

C) to / with
E) with/for

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Worksheets / Lesson-3

Aadaki kutularda birinci stunda verilen kelimeleri ikinci stundaki e anlamllar ile
eletiriniz.

1. [__] apt to
2. [__] aptitude
3. [__] arbitrary
4. [__] arise from
5. [__] arrogant
6. [__] artificial
7. [__] ascend
8. [__] aspire
9. [__] assault
10. [__] assemble

a. unnatural
b. attack
c. ability
d. desire
e. originate from
f. compile, gather
g. prone to, inclined to
h. random
i. conceited, haughty
j. go up

1. [__] assert
2. [__] assess
3. [__] asset
4. [__] assign
5. [__] associate
6. [__] assume
7. [__] assure
8. [__] astonish
9. [__] asylum
10. [__] attach

a. ensure
b. amaze
c. allocate
d. advantage
e. presume
f. evaluate
g. shelter
h. connect, fasten, join
i. claim
j. connect

1. [__] attitude
2. [__] attribute
3. [__] augment
4. [__] austere
5. [__] available
6. [__] avert
7. [__] awkward
8. [__] ban
9. [__] bankrupt
10. [__] barely

a. prohibit
b. clumsy
c. ascribe
d. penniless
e. obtainable
f. increase
g. hardly
h. severe
i. avoid, prevent
j. manner

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

a. deceive
b. prejudice
c. confuse
d. blossom
e. negotiate, haggle
f. endure
g. fight
h. hopeless

[__] bargain
[__] battle
[__] bear (v)
[__] beat
[__] beneficial
[__] betray
[__] bewilder
[__] bias

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9. [__] bleak
10. [__] bloom

i. useful
j. defeat