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Making England Protestant, 1558-1642

Description
Making England Protestant was a formidable task. Pre-modern societies tended to be
conservative in the sense of valuing traditions, myths, and memories. Innovation was
dangerous and often unpopular in such a conceptual world. Hence the frequent
Catholic jibe to Protestant reformers across Europe: where was your church before
Luther? Yet Protestant reformers in England succeeded not just in creating a
Protestant state, but also in making huge progress towards fostering a deep-seated
culture of Protestantism. By the later Elizabethan period, this was manifest not least in
a remarkably vehement and visceral discourse of anti-popery that exerted immense
influence on seventeenth-century society and politics. Indeed, a key determinant of
allegiance parliamentarian or royalist during the English Civil Wars was the
dispute over the identity of the true Protestant church in England.
Nevertheless, the Protestant project in early modern England was fraught
with problems. In order to build a Protestant church and nation reformers had to
abolish deep-seated loyalties to old systems of ritual, ceremonial, and belief, and to
remodel the physical fabric of Englands cathedrals and parish churches. Doctrinal
purity could be blunted when new ideas about salvation and the afterlife were
mediated to the laity. Calvinist ideas of election and reprobation risked dividing
communities into a self-regarding godly and a reprobate multitude. And over time
Protestantism was prone to fracture into competing agendas and priorities as clerics
and communities developed different ideas about what mattered in the English
Reformation. Nor were all English men and women won over to the new faith.
Catholic communities continued to resist conversion within England, and threats to
the Protestant state from without remained a matter of grave concern.
The course will locate English religious change within broad contexts, as well
as looking closely at key texts and individuals. It will examine the establishment and
development of a state church from the Elizabethan Religious Settlement until the
outbreak of Civil War in 1642. Students will study the development of religious
identities through various sources and media: sermons, popular pamplets and ballads,
drama, music, art, and architecture. The visual sources for the paper include stainedglass windows and funerary monuments in five Oxford college chapels. The course
may be approached without prior knowledge of the period, or chosen to complement
outline work in British IV and General III.

Prescribed Texts
A. Visual
Printed images
1. Frontispiece to Lewis Bayly, The Practise of Pietie, 3rd edn, 16131
2. The Double Deliverance 1588 1605, 16212
1
2

British Printed Images [bpi] 1700 (online): no. 7269

British Museum online database.
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3. A Mappe of the Man of Sin, 16223

4. A Thankfull Remembrance of Gods Mercie, 16254
5. The Sound-Head, Round-Head, Rattle-Head, 16425
Stained glass windows:
6. (a) Lincoln College chapel (north, south, and east windows)
6. (b) University College chapel (north and south windows)
Stone and brass funeral monuments/effigies:
7. (a) monument of John Rainolds (Corpus chapel)
7. (b) monument of Laurence Humphrey (Magdalen chapel)
7. (c) monumental brass effigy of Henry Robinson (Queen's chapel)
B. Musical / Aural
Thomas Sternhold and John Hopkins, The Whole Booke of Psalmes, collected into
Englyshe metre..., 1583: Psalms 75 (p. 67); 100 (p. 90); 105 (pp. 96-8); 135 (pp.
125-6); 149 (pp. 135-6) [9pp. - EEBO]
C. Texts
i. Shaping and Re-shaping the Church
ii. Satire
iii. Instructing the People
iv. Personal Reflections
v. Ballads

i. Shaping and Re-shaping the Church

The Act of Uniformity, 1559 - I. Archer and F.D. Price (eds), English Historical
Documents V(A) 1558-1603 (2011), pp. 38-41 [4pp.]
Royal Injunctions, 1559 - ibid., pp. 41-52 [12pp.]
Book of Common Prayer, 1559 - Brian Cummings (ed.), The Book of Common
Prayer: The Texts of 1549, 1559, and 1662 (Oxford, 2011) [29pp.]
'The Preface', pp. 4-6
'Of Ceremonies', pp. 214-16
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bpi Print of the Month Aug. 2008.

British Museum online database.
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British Museum online database.
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'A Catechisme', pp. 151-4
'The Ordre for the administracion of the Lordes Supper, or holy
Communion', pp. 124-40
'The Churchynge of women', pp. 175-6
Accounts of the Hampton Court conference, 1604 [7pp.]
B. Coward and P. Gaunt (eds), English Historical Documents V(B) 16031660 (2010), pp. 263-9
King James Version [of the Bible], 1611 [23pp.]
Epistle dedicatory and Preface - Gerald Bray (ed.), Documents of the
English Reformation (1994), pp. 414-36
George Abbot, The coppie of a letter sent from my lords grace of Canterburie
shewing the reasons which induced the kings majestie to prescribe directions for
preachers, 1622 - EEBO [5pp.]
William Laud, 'Speech in the Star-Chamber at the censure of Henry Sherfield,
Esq., Recorder of Salisbury, for breaking a painted glass window in the Church
of St Edmund in the said city', 1633 [9pp.]
William Laud, Works (1857), VI, 13-21
Bishop Robert Skinner's charge at his visitation of Bristol diocese, 1637
K. Fincham (ed.), Visitation Articles and Injunctions of the Early Stuart
Church, 2 vols. (Church of England Records Society, 1998) II, 184-90
[7pp.]
The Root and Branch Petition, 11 Dec. 1640 [4pp.]
J.P. Kenyon (ed.), The Stuart Constitution, 2nd edn. (1986), pp. 154-7
Petitions in favour of episcopacy collected by Sir Thomas Aston - J. Maltby (ed.),
'Petitions for Episcopacy and the Book of Common Prayer on the Eve of the
Civil War 1641-1642', in S. Taylor (ed.), From Cranmer to Davidson: A Church of
England Miscellany (Church of England Record Society, 7, 1999), pp. 113-32
[Cheshire to Rutland incl.] [20pp.]
ii. Satire
'Martin Marprelate', Epistle [extracts], 1588 [24pp.]
Joseph L. Black (ed.), The Martin Marprelate Tracts: A Modernized and
Annotated Edition (2008), pp. 3-14, 34-45
Ben Jonson, Bartholomew Fair, 1614 [100pp. approx., depending on edn.]
iii. Instructing the People
Abraham Flemyng, A straunge and terrible wunder wrought very late in the parish
church of Bongay, a town of no great distance from the citie of Norwich, namely
the fourth of this August, in ye yeere of our Lord, 1577 [11pp.] - one of the earliest

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prodigy pamphlets, links the appearance of a large black, devil-like dog to sins of
the realm and popery]
George Gifford, A Briefe discourse of certaine points of the religion, which is
among the common sort of Christians, which may bee termed the Countrie
Divinitie, 1582, pp. 1-24, 43-47, 76-84 [39pp.]
John Foxe, Acts and Monuments, 4th edn., 1583 online
[http://www.johnfoxe.org/index.php?realm=text&edition=1583&gototype=mode
rn] [40pp.]
To the Right Vertuous most Excellent and Noble Princesse, Queene
ELIZABETH... pp. 3-5
To the true and faythfull Congregation of Christes Universall Church...
pp. 9-14
The utilitie of this Story... pp. 15-16
Accounts of Anne Askew, Hugh Latimer and Nicholas Ridley, and Lady
Elizabeth (in John K. King (ed.), Foxe's Book of Martyrs (Oxford, 2009),
pp. 22-34, 151-7, 265-73
William Perkins, A Golden Chaine, 1591, diagram of salvation
Gilbert Dugdale, A True Discourse of the Practises of Elizabeth Dugdale, 1604,
[23pp - main body of text only]
Philip Stubbes, A christal glasse for Christian women, 1608, [13pp.] - hagiography
of Stubbes's wife, including her death-bed struggle with Satan]
John Chadwick, A sermon preached at Snarford... at the funerals of Sir George
Sanct-Paule, 1614 - EEBO [sermon extracts, pp. 16-30] [15pp.]
[godly zeal and good death of puritan magistrate]
Anon., A Pitiless Mother, 1616, sigs. [A1r-B2r] [a mother who converts to
Catholicism and murders her children] [12pp.]
Samuel Ward, Iethro's iustice of peace A sermon preached at a generall assises
held at Bury St. Edmunds, for the countie of Suffolke, 1618 - EEBO [sermon
extracts, pp. 25-40] [16pp.]
[importance and Christian qualifications of good magistrates]
John Gee, Hold Fast, 1624 - EEBO [sermon extracts, pp. 25-52] [28pp.]
[by Catholic convert - bashing Catholicism - discussion of 'fatal vespers']
Giles Fleming, Magnificence Exemplified, 1634 - EEBO [sermon extracts, pp. 2130, 34-52] [29pp.]
[bashing puritans for whining about church-building and decoration advocating repair of St Paul's Cathedral]
The Puritanes Impuritie: or the Anatomie Of a Puritane or Seperatist..., 1641 EEBO [6pp.]

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A Rot Amongst the Bishops, or, A Terrible Tempest in the Sea of Canterbury...,
1641 - EEBO [13pp., incl. pictures]
England's Reioycing at the Prelats downfall..., 1641 - EEBO [13pp.]
Henry Burton, A divine tragedy lately acted, or, A collection of sundrie memorable
examples of Gods judgments upon Sabbath-breakers... 1642, pp. 1-31 - awful
things that happen to those who comply with the Book of Sports [31pp.]
iv. Personal Reflections
Claire Cross (ed.), The Letters of Sir Francis Hastings 1574-1609, Somerset
Records Society, LXIX (1969), letters 1, 3, 17-18, 20, 27-8, 33, 35, 43, 62, 67-8, 73,
76 [46pp.]
Samuel Rogers, The Diary of Samuel Rogers, 1634-1638, ed. Tom Webster and
Kenneth W. Shipps (Church of England Records Society, 11, 2004), section for
1636, pp. 39-87 [49pp.]
v. Ballads
Anon., A song or psalme of thanksgiving, in rememberance of our great
deliverance from the gun-powder treasin, the fift of November, 1605 [Bodleian
Broadside Ballad]
Anon., This dismall day, at the Black-fryers. Or a deplorable elegie, on the death of
almost an hundred persons, who were lamentably slain by the fall of a house in the
Blacke-fryers, 1623 [EEBO / Bodleian Broadside Ballad]
Anon., A ballad of Anne Askew intitled I am a woman poore and blind, 1624, [4pp.
- EEBO]
Anon., A very godly Song, intituled, The earnest petition of a faithfull Christian,
being Clarke of Bodnam, made upon his Death-bed, at the instant of his
Transmutation. To a pleasant new Tune. The Second part of the Clarke of Bodnam.
To the same tune, 1624 [EEBO]
Anon., A scourge for the pope, Satyrically scourging the itching sides of his
obstinate brood, in England, 1624, [Bodleian Broadside Ballad]

BIBLIOGRAPHY
Abbreviations
BIHR Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research
EHR English Historical Review
HJ Historical Journal
JBS Journal of British Studies
JEH Journal of Ecclesiastical History
P&P Past and Present

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SCH Studies in Church History
TRHS Transactions of the Royal Historical Society
Textbooks and general works
The following works can be recommended for their provision of outline information,
chronologies, and sound introductions to big topics:
S. Brigden, New Worlds, Lost Worlds: The Rule of the Tudors 1485-1603 (2000)
P. Collinson (ed.), The Sixteenth Century, 1485-1603 (2002)
B. Coward (ed.), A Companion to Stuart Britain (2003)
C. Cross, Church and People 1450-1660 (1976)
A.G. Dickens, The English Reformation (2nd edn., 1989)
S. Doran and C. Durston, Princes, pastors and people: the church and religion in
England, 1529-1689 (1991)
J. Guy, Tudor England (1988)
C. Haigh, English Reformations: Religion, Politics and Society under the Tudors
(1993)
F. Heal, Reformation in Britain and Ireland (2003)
D. Hirst, England in Conflict, 1603-1660: Kingdom, Community, Commonwealth
(1999), first published as Authority and Conflict: England 1603-1658 (1986)
N.L. Jones, The English Reformation: religion and cultural adaptation (2002)
M. Kishlansky, A Monarchy Transformed: Britain 1603-1714 (1996)
D. MacCulloch, The Later Reformation in England, 1547-1603 (1990)
P. Marshall, Reformation England 1480-1642 (2003)
J. Morrill (ed.), The Oxford Illustrated History of Tudor and Stuart Britain (1996)
C. Russell, The Crisis of Parliaments: English History 1509-1660 (1971)
Alec Ryrie, The Age of Reformations: The Tudor and Stewart Realms, 1485-1603
(2009)
J. Scott, Englands Troubles. Seventeenth-century English Political Instability in
European Context (2000)
David L. Smith, A History of the Modern British Isles, 1603-1707: The Double
Crown (1998)
The Stuart Parliaments 1603-1689 (1999)
John Spurr, The Post-Reformation: Religion, Politics and Society in Britain, 16031714 (2006)
R. Tittler and N. Jones (eds.), A Companion to Tudor Britain (2004), esp. chs. 12-16
P. Williams, The Later Tudors, 1547-1603 (1995)
A. Woolrych, Britain in Revolution 1625-1660 (2002)
J. Wormald (ed.), The Seventeenth Century (2008)

I. CONTEXTS
Week 1
1. Historians and the English Reformation: National and International
Perspectives
P. Collinson, The English Reformation, 1945-1995, in M. Bentley (ed.), Companion
to Historiography (1997), 336-60
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E. Duffy, The Long Reformation: Catholicism, Protestantism and the multitude, in
N. Tyacke (ed.), Englands Long Reformation 1500-1800 (1998), 33-70
Recent Trends in the Study of Christianity in Sixteenth-Century Europe: The
English Reformation after revisionism, Renaissance Quarterly, 59 (2006),
720-31
C. Haigh, A.G. Dickens and the English Reformation, Historical Research, 77
(2004), 24-38
Catholicism in Early Modern England: Bossy and Beyond [Review article],
HJ, 45 (2002), 481-94
Religion [part of The Eltonian Legacy conference on G.R. Elton], TRHS,
6th series, 7 (1997), 281-99
The English Reformation: A Premature Birth, a Difficult Labour and a Sickly
Child [Review article], HJ, 33 (1990), 449-59
The Recent Historiography of the English Reformation, HJ, 25 (1982), 995
-1007
F. Heal, A.G. Dickens, ODNB
M. Ingram, The English Reformation in the Sixteenth Century: Major Themes and
Viewpoints, in R. von Friedeburg and L. Schorn-Schtte (eds.), Politik und
Religion: Eigenlogik oder Verzahnung?: Europa im 16. Jahrhundert
(Historische Zeitschrift, Beiheft, neue Folge, 45) (2007), 129-61
N.L. Jones, Introduction: Known from their works: living and writing early modern
English religious history, in S. Wabuda and C.J. Litzenberger (ed.), Belief
and practice in Reformation England: a tribute to Patrick Collinson from his
students (1998), pp. 1-19
P. Lake, Introduction: Puritanism, Arminianism and Nicholas Tyacke, in Kenneth
Fincham and Peter Lake (eds.), Religious Politics in Post-Reformation
England: Essays in Honour of Nicholas Tyacke (2006), pp. 1-15
The historiography of Puritanism, in John Coffey and Paul Lim (eds.), The
Cambridge companion to Puritanism (2008), pp. 346-71
D. MacCulloch, Putting the English Reformation on the Map, TRHS, 6th series, 15
(2005), 75-95
P. Marshall, (Re)defining the English Reformation, JBS, 48 (2009), 564-86
R. ODay, The Debate on the English Reformation (1986)
A. Pettegree, A.G. Dickens and his Critics: A New Narrative of the English
Reformation, Historical Research, 77 (2004), 39-58
A. Ryrie, Britain and Ireland, in A. Ryrie (ed.), The European Reformations (2005),
pp. 124-46
E. Shagan, Popular Politics and the English Reformation (2003), intro.
(ed.), Catholics and the Protestant Nation: Religious Politics and Identity in
Early Modern England (2005), intro.
N. Tyacke, Introduction: Re-thinking the English Reformation, in N. Tyacke
(ed.), Englands Long Reformation 1500-1800 (1998), 1-32
Broader perspectives
P. Benedict, Christs Churches Purely Reformed: A Social History of Calvinism
(2002)
E. Cameron, 'The Power of the Word: Renaissance and Reformation in Early Modern
Europe', in his Early Modern Europe. An Oxford History (1999)
E. Cameron, The European Reformation (1991)

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P. Collinson, The Reformation (2003)
D. MacCulloch, Reformation: Europes House Divided, 1490-1700 (2004)
G. Murdock, Beyond Calvin: The Political, Intellectual and Cultural World of
Europes Churches, c. 1540-1620 (2004)
A. Pettegree (ed.), The Reformation World (2001)
A. Ryrie (ed.), The European Reformations (2006)

2. Power and Authority: The State and Enforcing Religious Change

Overall themes
M. Braddick, State Formation in Early Modern England, c.1550-1700 (2000), pt. IV
'The confessional state'
M.C. Cross, The royal supremacy in the Elizabethan church (1969)
J. Davies, The Caroline Captivity of the Church: Charles I and the Remoulding of
Anglicanism 1625-1641 (1992)
K. Fincham and P. Lake, The ecclesiastical policies of James I and Charles I, in K.
Fincham (ed.), The early Stuart Church, 1603-1642 (1993), pp. 23-49
A. Foster, 'The clerical estate revitalised', in K. Fincham (ed.), The Early Stuart
Church, 1603-1642 (1993)
F. Heal, Of Prelates and Princes: A Study of the Economic and Social Position of the
Tudor Episcopate (1980)
Reformation in Britain and Ireland (2003)
R. Houlbrooke, 'The decline of ecclesiastical jurisdiction under the Tudors', in R.
O'Day and F. Heal (eds.), Continuity and Change: Personnel and
Administration of the Church in England 1500-1642 (1976)
M. Ingram, Church Courts, Sex and Marriage in England, 1570-1640 (1988)
N.L. Jones, Faith by statute: parliament and the settlement of religion 1559 (1982)
R. O'Day, 'Ecclesiastical Patronage: Who Controlled the Church?', in F. Heal and R.
O'Day (eds.), Church and Society in England: Henry VIII to James I (1977)
J. Rose, Godly Kingship in Restoration England: The Politics of the Royal
Supremacy, 1660-1688 (2011) [good long intro. on the pre-1660 period]
C. Russell, 'Parliament, the Royal Supremacy and the Church', Parliamentary
History, 19 (2000)
Local perspectives
I: Counties
P. Clark, English Provincial Society from the Reformation to the Revolution:
Religion, Politics and Society in Kent, 1500-1640 (1977)
A. Everitt, The Community of Kent and the Great Rebellion, 1640-60 (1966)
A. Fletcher, A County Community in War and Peace: Sussex, 1600-1660 (1975)
C. Haigh, Reformation and Resistance in Tudor Lancashire (1975)
C. Holmes, Seventeenth-century Lincolnshire (1980)
The County Community in Stuart Historiography, JBS, 19 (1980)
A. Hughes, Politics, Society and Civil War in Warwickshire, 1620-1660 (1987)
C. Litzenberger, The English Reformation and the Laity: Gloucestershire, 1540-1580
(1997)

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D. MacCulloch, Suffolk and the Tudors: Politics and Religion in an English County
1500-1600 (1986)
R. Manning, Religion and Society in Elizabethan Sussex: a study of the enforcement
of the religious settlement, 1558-1603 (1969)
J. Morrill, Cheshire, 1630-60: County Government and Society during the English
Revolution (1974)
A.L. Rowse, Tudor Cornwall: Portrait of a Society (new edn., 1969)
A.H. Smith, County and Court: Government and Politics in Norfolk 1558-1603
(1974)
R. Whiting, The Blind Devotion of the People: popular religion and the English
Reformation (1989) [West Country]
II: Towns
S. Brigden, London and the Reformation (1989)
P. Clark (ed.), The Cambridge Urban History of Britain, Vol. 2: 1540-1840 (2000)
P. Collinson and J. Craig (eds.), The Reformation in English Towns, 1500-1640
(1998)
E. Duffy, The Voices of Morebath: Reformation and Rebellion in an English Village
(2001)
J.T. Evans, Seventeenth-Century Norwich: Politics, Religion and Government, 16201690 (1979)
F. Hill, Tudor and Stuart Lincoln (1956)
R. Howell, Newcastle-upon-Tyne and the Puritan Revolution: A Study of the Civil
War in North England (1967)
W.T. MacCaffrey, Exeter, 1540-1640: The Growth of an English County Town (1958)
M.C. McClendon, The Quiet Reformation: Magistrates and the Emergence of
Protestantism in Tudor Norwich (1999)
R.C. Richardson (ed.), Town and Countryside in the English Revolution (1992)
R. Tittler, The Reformation and the Towns in England: Politics and Political Culture,
1540-1640 (1988)

II. MEDIA
Week 2
3. Preaching and Printing: Disseminating Protestantism
Preaching
L.A. Ferrell, Government by Polemic: James I, the King's Preachers and the
Rhetorics of Conformity, 1603-1625 (1998)
L.A. Ferrell and P. McCullough (eds), The English Sermon Revised: Religion,
Literature and History, 1600-1750 (2000)
I. Green, Continuity and change in Protestant preaching in early modern England
(2009)
A. Hunt, The art of hearing: English preachers and their audiences, 1590-1640
(2010)
P. McCullough, Sermons at Court: Politics and Religion in Elizabethan and Jacobean

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Preaching (1998)
(ed.) Lancelot Andrewes: selected sermons and lectures (2005)
et al (eds) The Oxford Handbook of the Early Modern Sermon (2011)
M. Morrissey, 'Scripture, Style and Persuasion in Seventeenth-Century English
Theories of Preaching', JEH, 53 (2002)
'Presenting James VI and I to the Public: Preaching on Political
Anniversaries at Paul's Cross', in R. Houlbrooke, James VI and I: ideas,
authority, and government (2006)
Politics and the Paul's Cross Sermons 1558-1642 (2011)
P.S. Seaver, The Puritan Lectureships: The Politics of Religious Dissent, 1560-1662
(1970)
J. Shami et al (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of John Donne (2011), ch. 24
S. Wabuda, Preaching during the English Reformation (2002)

Printing
J. Black, Introduction to idem (ed.), The Martin Marprelate Tracts: a Modernized
and Annotated Edition (2010)
J. Black, The rhetoric of reaction: the Martin Marprelate Tracts (1588-89), antiMartinism, and the uses of print in early modern England, Sixteenth Century
Journal, 28 (1997), 70-25
J. Craig, Erasmus or Calvin? The Politics of Book Purchase in the Early Modern
English Parish, Proceedings of the British Academy, 164 (2010), 39-62
E. Evenden and T. Freeman Print, Profit, and Propaganda: the Elizabethan Privy
Council and the 1570 edition of Foxes Book of Martyrs, EHR, 19:484
(2004) 1288-107
R. Helgerson, Forms of Nationhood. The Elizabethan Writing of England (1992), ch.
6
I. Green, The Christians ABC: Catechisms and Catechizing in England, c. 1530-1740
(1996)
Protestantism and Print (2002)
J. N. King and C. Highley (eds.), John Foxe and his Worlds (2002)
J. N. King, John Foxe and Early Modern Print Culture (2006)
P. Lake, Antipopery: the structure of a prejudice in R. Cust and A. Hughes (eds.),
Conflict in Early Stuart England: Studies in Religion and Politics in England,
1603-1642 (1989), 72-106
Deeds against nature: cheap print, Protestantism, and murder in seventeenth
century England in P. Lake and K. Sharpe (eds.), Culture and Politics in
Early Stuart England (1994)
The significance of the Elizabethan identification of the Pope as Antichrist,
JEH, 31:2 (1980), 161-78
P. Lake with M. Questier, The Anti-Christ's Lewd Hat: Protestants, Papists and
Players in Post-Reformation England (2002)
J. Lander, Inventing Polemic: Religion, Print, and Literary Culture in Early Modern
England (2006)
D. Loades (ed.), John Foxe and the English Reformation (1997)
(ed.) John Foxe. An Historical Perspective (1999)
(ed.), John Foxe at Home and Abroad (2004)

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J. Raymond (ed.), The Oxford History of Popular Print Culture. Volume One. Cheap
Print in Britain and Ireland (2011)
N. Tadmor, The Social Universe of the English Bible: Scripture, Society, and Culture
in Early Modern England (2010)
T. Watt, Cheap Print and Popular Piety (2nd edn. 1993)
Alexandra Walsham, Providence in Early Modern England (1999)
C. Z. Weiner, The Beleaguered Isle: A Study of Elizabethan and Early Jacobean
Anti-Catholicism, Past and Present, 51 (1971), 27-62
A. B. Zlatar, Reformation Fictions: Polemical Protestant Dialogues in Elizabethan
England (2011)
www.johnfoxe.org (for critical apparatus accompanying the texts of Foxes Acts and
Monuments)

4. The Arts and Religious Change

Art and Architecture
M. Aston, England's Iconoclasts: Volume 1: Laws Against Images (1988)
The Kings Bedpost: Reformation and Iconography in a Tudor Group Portrait
(1994)
Gods, saints and reformers: portraiture and Protestant England, in
Lucy Gent (ed.), Albions classicism: the visual arts in Britain, 1550-1660
(1995), pp. 181-220
Puritans and iconoclasm, 1560-1660, in Christopher Durston and Jacqueline
Eales (ed.), The culture of English Puritanism, 1560-1700 (1996), pp. 92-121
P. Croft (ed.), Patronage, Culture and Power: The Early Cecils 1558-1612 (2002)
E. Evenden and T.S. Freeman, Religion and the Book in Early Modern England: The
Making of John Foxes Book of Martyrs, (2011)
K. Fincham, The restoration of altars in the 1630s, HJ, 44 (2001), 919-40
K. Fincham and N. Tyacke, Altars Restored: The Changing Face of English Religious
Worship, 1547-c.1700 (2007)
M. Girouard, Elizabethan Architecture, Its Rise and Fall 1540-1640 (2009), via
index, sub churches and monuments
T. Hamling, Decorating the Godly Household: Religious Art in Post-Reformation
Britain (2010)
M. Hunter (ed.), Printed Images in Early Modern Britain (2010)
J.W. Hurtig, Seventeenth-Century Shroud Tombs: Classical Revival and
Anglican Context, The Art Bulletin, 64 (1982), 217-28
M. Jones, The Print in Early Modern England: An Historical Oversight (2010)
J.N. King, Foxes Book of Martyrs and Early Modern Print Culture (2006)
S.E. Lehmberg, The Reformation of Cathedrals: Cathedrals in English
Society, 1485-1603 (1992)
Cathedrals Under Siege: Cathedrals in English Society, 1600-1700 (1996)
N. Llewellyn, The Art of Death: Visual Culture in the English Death Ritual,
c.1500-1800 (1991)
Funeral Monuments in Post-Reformation England (2001)
J.F. Merritt, 'Puritans, Laudians, and the Phenomenon of Church-Building in
Jacobean London', HJ, 41 (1998)
J. Miller, Religion in the Popular Prints, 1600-1832 (1986)

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G. Parry, The Arts of the Anglican Counter-Reformation: Glory, Laud, and Honour
(2006)
H. Pierce, Unseemly Pictures: Graphic Satire and Politics in Early Modern England
(2008)
K. Sharpe, Selling the Tudor Monarchy: Authority and Image in Sixteenth-Century
England (2009)
Image Wars: Promoting Kings and Commonwealths in England, 1603-1660
(2010)
P. Sherlock, Episcopal Tombs in Early Modern England, JEH, 55 (2004), 654-80
Monuments and Memory in Early Modern England (2008)
J. Spraggon, Puritan Iconoclasm during the English Revolution (2003)
K. Thomas, English Protestantism and classical art, Lucy Gent (ed.), Albions
classicism: the visual arts in Britain, 1550-1660 (1995), pp. 221-38
Protestantism and Art in Early Modern England, The Historian, 78 (2003),
6-17
Art and iconoclasm in early modern England, in Kenneth Fincham and Peter
Lake (eds.), Religious politics in post-Reformation England: essays in honour
of Nicholas Tyacke (2006), pp. 16-40
A. Walsham, Impolitic pictures: providence, history, and the iconography of
Protestant nationhood in early Stuart England, SCH, 33 (1997), 307-328
[images play a part in her broader study Providence in Early Modern England
(1999)]
R. Whiting, The Reformation of the English Parish Church (2010)

Drama and Music

T. Betteridge and G. Walker eds., The Oxford Handbook of Tudor Drama
(forthcoming)
P. Collinson, The Birthpangs of Protestant England (1988)
F. Higman, Music in Pettegree (ed.), The Reformation World
P. Lake with M. Questier, The Anti-Christ's Lewd Hat: Protestants, Papists and
Players in Post-Reformation England (2002)
P. Le Huray, Music and the Reformation in England, 1549-1660 (1978)
P. King, Losing Faith in Transformation: Protestantism and Theatre, Mediaevalia
28:1 (2007)
C. Marsh, Music and Society in the English Reformation (2010)
P. Philips, English Sacred Music, 1549-1659 (1992)
R. Pineas, Tudor and early Stuart Anti-Catholic Drama (1972)
B. Quitslund, The Reformation in Rhyme: Sternhold, Hopkins and the English
Metrical Psalter (2008)
A. Ryrie, The psalms and confrontation in English and Scottish Protestantism,
Archiv fr Reformationsgeschichte, 101 (2010), 114-37
Adrian Streete (ed.), The English Bible and Early Modern Drama: Contexts and
Readings, 1570-1625 (2011)
N. Temperley, The Music of the English Parish Church, 2 vols. (1983)
P. W. White, Drama and Religion in English Provincial Society, 1485-1660 (2008)
Theatre and Reformation: Protestantism, Patronage, and Playing in Tudor
England (1993)

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J. Willis, Church Music and Protestantism in Post-Reformation England. Discourses,
Sites, and Identities (2010)
D. Womersley, Divinity and State (2010)
[For Puritans and the theatre, see also reading from section 10, The Godly and the
Multitude]

III. CONFLICTS
Week 3
5. Contesting the Elizabethan Settlement, 1558-1603 [some overlap with 6.]
R.J. Acheson, Radical Puritans in England 1550-1660 (1990)
S.B. Babbage, Puritanism and Richard Bancroft (1962)
J.T. Cliffe, The Puritan Gentry: The Great Puritan Families of Early Stuart England
(1984)
J. Coffey and P.C.H. Lim (eds.), The Cambridge Companion to Puritanism (2008)
P. Collinson, The Elizabethan Puritan Movement (1967)
Archbishop Grindal, 1519-83: Struggle for a Reformed Church (1980)
Godly People: Essays on English Protestantism and Puritanism (1983)
'The English Conventicle', SCH, 23 (1986)
C. Durston and J. Eales (eds), The Culture of English Puritanism, 1560-1700 (1996)
P. Lake, Moderate Puritans and the Elizabethan Church (1982)
'Calvinism and the English Church 1570-1635', P&P, 114 (1987)
Anglicans and Puritans? Presbyterianism and English Conformist Thought
from Whitgift to Hooker (1988)
Peter Lake with Michael Questier, The Anti-Christ's Lewd Hat: Protestants, Papists
and Players in Post-Reformation England (2002)
K.L. Parker, The English Sabbath: A Study of Doctrine and Discipline from the
Reformation to the Civil War (1988)
H.C. Porter (ed.), Puritanism in Tudor England (1970)
P.S. Seaver, The Puritan Lectureships: The Politics of Religious Dissent, 1560-1662
(1970)
W.J. Sheils, The Puritans in the Diocese of Peterborough, 1558-1610 (Northants Rec.
Soc., 30, 1979)
A. Walsham, Church Papists: Catholicism, Conformity and Confessional Polemic in
Early Modern England (1993)
D. Willen, 'Godly Women in Early Modern England: Puritanism and Gender', JEH,
43 (1992)

6. Anti-Calvinists, Prayer Book Protestants, and Further Reformation, 16031640 [some overlap with 5.]
G. Bernard, The Church of England, c. 1529-1642, History, 75 (1990)
J. Davies, The Caroline Captivity of the Church: Charles I and the Remoulding of
Anglicanism, 1625-1641 (1992)
E. Duffy, 'The Godly and the Multitude in Stuart England', The Seventeenth Century,
1 (1986)

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[H(USC)(12)165a]
J. Fielding, 'Opposition to the Personal Rule of Charles I: The Diary of Robert
Woodford, 1637-1641', HJ, 31 (1988)
'Arminianism in the localities : Peterborough diocese, 1603-1642', in
Fincham (ed.), Early Stuart Church
K. Fincham, William Laud and the exercise of Caroline ecclesiastical patronage,
JEH, 51 (2000), 69-93
The Restoration of Altars in the 1630s, HJ, 44 (2001)
K. Fincham and N. Tyacke, Altars Restored: The Changing Face of English Religious
Worship, 1547-c.1700 (2007)
A. Foster, Church Policies of the 1630s, in Richard Cust and Ann Hughes (eds.),
Conflict in Early Stuart England (1989)
P. Ha, English Presbyterianism, 1590-1640 (2010)
C. Hill, Society and Puritanism in Pre-Revolutionary England (1964)
R.T. Kendall, Calvin and English Calvinism to 1649 (1979)
Peter Lake, Antipopery : the structure of a prejudice, in R. Cust and A. Hughes
(eds.), Conflict in early Stuart England: studies in religion and politics, 16031642 (1989), pp. 72-106
W.M. Lamont, Puritanism and Historical Controversy (1996)
J. Maltby, Prayer Book and People in Elizabethan and Early Stuart England (1998)
[see also her essay in Fincham (ed.), Early Stuart Church]
A. Milton, Catholic and Reformed (1995) [partially summarised in his essay in
Fincham (ed.), Early Stuart Church]
G. Parry, The Arts of the Anglican Counter-Reformation: Glory, Laud, and Honour
(2006)
W.B. Patterson, King James VI and I and the Reunion of Christendom (1997)
R.C. Richardson, Puritanism in North-west England: A Regional Study of the Diocese
of Chester to 1642 (1972)
K. Sharpe, The Personal Rule of Charles I (1992), ch. VI
J. Spurr, English Puritanism, 1603-1689 (1998)
M. Todd, 'Puritan Self-fashioning: The Diary of Samuel Ward', JBS, 31 (1992)
H. Trevor-Roper, Laudianism and Political Power, in his Catholics, Anglicans, and
Puritans (1987)
N. Tyacke, Anti-Calvinists: the rise of English Arminianism c. 1590-1640 (1987;
1990)
Aspects of English Protestantism c.1530-1700 (2001), esp. chs. 5-6, 8-9
A. Walsham, The parochial roots of Laudianism revisited: Catholics, Anti-Calvinists
and parish Anglicans in early Stuart England, JEH, 49 (1998), 620-51
The fatall vesper: providentialism and anti-Popery in late
Jacobean London, P&P, 144 (1994), 36-87
T. Webster, Godly Clergy in Early Stuart England: The Caroline Puritan Movement,
c.1620-1643 (1997)
P. White, The rise of Arminianism reconsidered, P&P, 101 (1983)

Week 4
7. The Crisis of Protestant England, 1640-2
D. Cressy, The Protestation protested, 1641 and 1642, HJ, 45 (2002), 251-79
Revolutionary England 1640-1642, P&P, 181 (2003), 35-71
14

[H(USC)(12)165a]
England on Edge. Crisis and Revolution 1640-1642 (2006)
J. Eales, Puritans and Roundheads: The Harleys of Brampton Bryan and the
Outbreak of the English Civil War (1990)
A. Fletcher, The Outbreak of the English Civil War 1640-43 (1981)
Concern for renewal in the root and branch debates of 1641, Studies in
Church History, 14 (1977), 279-86
P. Lake, Puritans, popularity and petitions: local politics in national context,
Cheshire, 1641, in Thomas Cogswell, Richard Cust, and Peter Lake (eds.),
Politics, religion and popularity in early Stuart Britain : essays in honour of
Conrad Russell (2002), pp. 259-89
J. Maltby, Prayer Book and People in Elizabethan and Early Stuart England (1998)
J. Morrill, The attack on the Church of England in the Long Parliament, 1640-1642,
in D. Beales and G. Best (eds.), History, Society and the Churches: Essays in
honour of Owen Chadwick (1985), pp. 105-24 [repr. in Morrill, Nature of the
English Revolution, ch. 4]
H. Pierce, Anti-episcopacy and graphic satire in England, 1640-1645, HJ, 47
(2004), 809-48
C.W.A. Prior, A Confusion of Tongues: Britain's Wars of Reformation, 16251642 (2011), esp. chs. 5-7
W.J. Shiels, 'Provincial preaching on the eve of the civil war: some West Riding fast
sermons', in A. Fletcher and P. Roberts, Religion, culture and society in early
modern Britain : essays in honour of Patrick Collinson (1994)

Sample Questions
1. Why was there so much dissatisfaction with the religious settlement of 1559
and the Book of Common Prayer?
2. How do we account for the popularity and influence of Foxe's Acts and
Monuments?
3. Do your sources suggest a growing divide between popular and elite
religion?
4. Can the religious history of this period best be described in terms of a 'triumph
of the laity' (C. Cross)?
5. How potent a concept was a 'national church'?
6. Was Protestantism a religion of the word but not of the senses?
7. How distinctive was the culture of the Godly?
8. Why were responses to the reforms of Archbishop Laud so mixed?
9. How was religious experienced shaped by the physical space of the parish
church?
10. To what extent was the crisis of 1640-2 a dispute about episcopacy?

15