CHAPTER 3

DISCUSSION

Structure of the Product

LSPU College of Engineering Online Academic Tracker will use MySQL
database that will serve as the storage of the saves files and server of the
web pages.
Characteristics
The current proposed project study will be used by the Electronics
Engineering 5th year students for sample. The system can be revised in order
to be used in the whole campus. Through the application of the system the
viewing and editing of records will be easy and computerized.
Uses and Functions
The program of the system will depend on the number of students and
how many regular and irregular students are enrolled in the current semester.
The system will make it easy to students and also to the registrar and also to
make a paperless academic tracker for each student.

Product Development
Marketing Strategies
Marketing strategy is defined as a process that allows an individual /
organization to concentrate its resources on the optimal opportunities with the
goals of increasing sales and achieving a sustainable competitive advantage.

39

Marketing strategies serve as the fundamental underpinning of marketing

plans designed to fill market.

SWOT Analysis
SWOT analysis (alternatively SWOT Matrix) is a structured planning
method used to evaluate the strengths. Weaknesses, opportunities, and
treats involved in a project or in a business venture.
A SWOT analysis can be carried out for a product, place, industry or
person. It involves specifying the objective of the business venture or project
and identifies the internal and external factors that are favorable and
unfavorable to achieving that objective. The technique is credited to Albert
Humphrey, who led a convention at the Stanford Research Institute (now SRI
International).

Strength

LSPU Online Academic Tracker differentiation strategy from the

traditional one is the result of a strong marketing orientation,
commitment to high quality and customization of product and support
services.

The advanced capabilities of the LSPU Online Academic Tracker

suggest a satisfied customer base.

LSPU Online Academic Tracker improves traditional way of using

academic tracker.

40

Weaknesses

The system is dependent on the internet.

The highly centralized management hierarchy and lack of management

back up may impede creativity and growth.

Opportunities

As proponents look for ways to develop customer relationships rather

than just close sales, reminders of this relationship could come in the
form of acceptable premiums or gifts that are useful to the customers.

LSPU Online Academic Trackers flexibility for revision depending to

the desired use and input in order to distribute nationally and globally.
The globalization of business creates an opportunity to establish new
client relationship in foreign markets.

Threats

LSPU Online Academic Tracker is basically a developmental product.

The technology, knowledge and equipment require to procedure such
items are minimal.

Theft of trades secrets and software piracy through unauthorized

copying are difficult to control.

Target Market
The goal in preparing the target is to clearly understand who the
potential customers are and how the product and services directly meet the
needs of the market place.

41

Naturally, the more one understand the potential customers, the better
the chances of success.

Marketing Mix
Distribution Channel
By focusing on commitment to service and quality, LSPU Online
Academic Tracker has effectively implemented a niche differentiation strategy
in a somewhat diverse market place. Its ability to differentiate its product may
contribute to superior annual returns.
Product Strategy
The products advanced structure is designed to serve as another
technique of recording and monitoring by adapting the concept of automation.
The ability to meet or exceed customers expectations consistently, its speed
in responding to customers demand and its anticipation of new customer
needs.
Promotion Strategies
Promotional outflows of LSPU Online Academic Tracker should focus on
new trends and development that proponents may offer. Any remaining
promotional expenditures could be directed to personal selling of current
device.
The product can also be promoted by means of seminars, flyers,
posters and even online promotion giving information about the product.

42

Software Cost Estimation

Table 3. Factors Affecting Software Pricing

Table 3 shows the different factors that affect the pricing of software which
are market opportunity, cost estimate uncertainty, contractual terms,
requirements volatility and financial health

with

their corresponding

descriptions.
Table 4. System Development Time

Table 4 shows the span of time of different stages or procedure of

developing and finishing software.

43

Table 5. Factors Affecting Software Engineering Productivity

Table 5 shows the different factors that affect the software engineering
productivity which are application domain experience, process quality, project
size, technology support and working environment with their corresponding
descriptions.
Table 6. Cost Estimation Techniques

44

Table 6 shows the different techniques of cost estimation which are

algorithm cost modeling, expert judgment, estimation analogy, Parkinsons
Law and pricing to win with their corresponding descriptions.

Figure 3: Software Development Cost Rate

Figure 3 shows sample of pricing a software development considering
different criteria. It also shows rating of different factors related to the system
which are all subject to change.
Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data
This chapter discusses the down and management, breaking down and
explanation of all information about the project development entitled LSPU
Online Academic Tracker. It presents analysis and interprets the data
gathered from the respondents.

45

Evaluation of Results
The following are the results of the level of performance of the LSPU
Online Academic Tracker in terms of Usability, Design and Error handling and
of level of acceptability as to functionality, reliability and practice capability.
Table 7 Level of Performance of LSPU Online Academic Tracker In
terms of Effectiveness from Student Respondents
Criteria

1. The LSPU
Online
Academic
Tracker has a
short response
time.
2. The LSPU
Online
Academic
Tracker can
accommodate a
reasonable
number of
students.
3. The LSPU
Online Tracker
has a few
backlogs.

Weighted Mean

Mean

Standard
Deviation

Remarks

4.2

0.83

Highly Functional

3.95

0.69

Highly Functional

4.25

0.79

4.13

0.08

Highly Functional

Highly Functional

Table 7 showed that the LSPU College of Engineering Online

Academic Tracker is highly functional in terms of achieving the short time
response with weighted mean of 4.2 and standard deviation of 0.83. It is also
proved the acceptability of the tracker to accommodate a reasonable number
of students giving a weighted mean and standard deviation of 3.95 and 0.68
respectively which remarked as highly functional. It also stated that the

46

tracker has a few backlogs having a weighted mean of 4.25 and a standard
deviation of 0.79 which to be highly functional.
The general weighted mean of 4.13 and standard deviation of 0.08
was interpreted as Highly Functional.
Table 8. Level of Performance of LSPU Online Academic Tracker In
terms of Functionality from Student Respondents
Criteria

1. The LSPU Online

Academic Tracker
presents an
updated and
accurate output,
and that is the
academic tracker of
the students.
2. The LSPU Online
Academic Tracker
provides a clear
and readable
downloadable
material.

Weighted Mean

Mean

Standard
Deviation

Remarks

4.05

0.83

Highly Functional

4.1

0.97

Highly Functional

4.06

0.10

Highly Functional

The Table 8 illustrates the acceptability of the LSPU College of

Engineering Online Academic Tracker as determined by the respondents in
terms of the functionality. This showed that the tracker is highly functional in
terms of updated and accurate output, and that is the academic tracker of the
students with weighted mean of 4.05 and standard deviation of 0.83. It is also
proved the functionality of the tracker to have a clear and readable

47

downloadable material giving a weighted mean and standard deviation of 4.1

and 0.97 respectively which remarked as highly functional.
The general weighted mean of 4.06 and standard deviation of 0.10
was interpreted as Highly Functional.
Table 9 Level of Performance of LSPU Online Academic Tracker
In terms of User-friendliness from Student Respondents
Criteria
1. TheLSPU
Online Academic
Tracker is easy
to install.
2. The LSPU
Online Academic
Tracker interface
has an organized
buttons and
commands.
3. The LSPU
Online Academic
Tracker can be
easily
understood and
be navigated
easily.
Weighted Mean

Mean

Standard Deviation

Remarks

4.35

0.67

Highly Functional

4.05

0.76

Highly Functional

4.3

0.73

Highly Functional

3.9

0.05

Highly Functional

Table 9 showed that the LSPU College of Engineering Online

Academic Tracker is highly functional in terms of achieving the userfriendliness that the tracker is easy to install with weighted mean of 4.35 and
standard deviation of 0.67. It is also proved the user-friendliness of tracker to
interface has an organized buttons and commands giving a weighted mean
and standard deviation of 4.05 and 0.76 respectively which remarked as
highly functional. It also stated that the tracker can be easily understood and

48

be navigated easily having a weighted mean of 4.3 and a standard deviation

of 0.73 which to be highly functional.
The general weighted mean of 3.9 and standard deviation of 0.05 was
interpreted as Highly Functional.
Table 10. Summary of the Level of Acceptability of the Online Academic
Tracker from Student Respondents
Criteria

Mean

Standard Deviation

Remarks

1. Effectiveness

4.13

0.08

Highly Functional

2. Functionality

4.06

0.10

Highly Functional

3. User- Friendliness

3.9

0.05

Highly Functional

Weighted Mean

4.03

0.08

Highly Functional

Table 10 presents organized and clear results of the level of acceptability

of the program from student respondents.

Summary of Level of Acceptability of the LSPU College of Engineering

Online Academic Tracker from Student Respondents
The summary of the level of acceptability of the LSPU College of
Engineering Online Academic Tracker with respect to its effectiveness,
functionality and user friendliness are revealed in Table 10. The respondents
observed the performance of the LSPU College of Engineering Online
Academic Tracker according to the three criteria effectiveness, functionality
and user friendliness making it possible to get the total average mean of the
criteria.

49

Based from the data gathered above, LSPU College of Engineering

Online Academic Tracker is rated to be effective with a resulting mean of 4.13
and a standard deviation of 0.08 and has a highly functional. In terms of its
functionality, the program is rated for its weighted mean 4.06 and a standard
deviation of 0.10 and remarked as highly functional. And in terms of userfriendliness, it is rated highly functional with a weighted mean of 3.9 and a
standard deviation of 0.05.
In totality, LSPU College of Engineering Online Academic Tracker is
given a weighted mean of 4.03 and a standard deviation of

0.08 and is

considered as highly functional.

Table 11 Level of Performance of LSPU Online Academic Tracker In

terms of Effectiveness from Faculty Members and Registrars Staffs
Table 11 showed that the LSPU College of Engineering Online
Academic Tracker is highly functional in terms of achieving the short time
response with weighted mean of 4.7 and standard deviation of 0.47.
It is also proved the acceptability of the tracker to accommodate a
reasonable number of faculty members and registrars staff giving a weighted
mean and standard deviation of 4.45 and 0.70 respectively which remarked
as highly functional. It also stated that the tracker has a few backlogs having
a weighted mean of 4.4 and a standard deviation of 0.60 which to be highly
functional.
The general weighted mean of 4.52 and standard deviation of 0.63
was interpreted as Highly Functional.

50

Criteria
Mean

Standard
Deviation

Remarks

4.7

0.47

Highly Functional

2. The LSPU Online

Academic Tracker
can accommodate
a reasonable
number of
students.

4.45

0.70

Highly Functional

3. The LSPU Online

Tracker has a few
backlogs.

4.4

0.60

Highly Functional

4.52

0.63

Highly Functional

1. The LSPU Online

Academic Tracker
has a short
response time.

Weighted Mean

Table 12. Level of Performance of LSPU Online Academic Tracker In

terms of Functionality from Faculty Members and Registrars Staffs
The Table 12 illustrates the acceptability of the LSPU College of
Engineering Online Academic Tracker as determined by the respondents in
terms of the functionality. This showed that the tracker is highly functional in
terms of updated and accurate output, and that is the academic tracker of the
students with weighted mean of 4.6 and standard deviation of 0.50. It is also
proved the functionality of the tracker to have a clear and readable
downloadable material giving a weighted mean and standard deviation of 4.2
and 0.61 respectively which remarked as highly functional.
The general weighted mean of 4.4 and standard deviation of 0.60 was
interpreted as Highly Functional.

51

Criteria
Mean

Standard
Deviation

Remarks

4.6

0.50

Highly Functional

5. The LSPU Online

Academic Tracker
provides a clear
and readable
downloadable
material.

4.2

0.61

Highly Functional

Weighted Mean

4.4

0.60

Highly Functional

4. The LSPU Online

Academic Tracker
presents an
updated and
accurate output,
and that is the
academic tracker
of the students.

Table 13 Level of Performance of LSPU Online Academic Tracker In

terms of User-friendliness from Faculty Members and Registrars Staffs
Table 13 showed that the LSPU College of Engineering Online
Academic Tracker is highly functional in terms of achieving the userfriendliness that the tracker is easy to install with weighted mean of 4.6 and
standard deviation of 0.52. It is also proved the user-friendliness of tracker to
interface has an organized buttons and commands giving a weighted mean
and standard deviation of 4.4 and 0.52 respectively which remarked as highly
functional. It also stated that the tracker can be easily understood and be
navigated easily having a weighted mean of 4.3 and a standard deviation of
0.73 which to be highly functional.
The general weighted mean of 4.43 and standard deviation of 0.82
was interpreted as Highly Functional.

52
Criteria
Mean

Standard
Deviation

Remarks

4.6

0.52

Highly Functional

4.4

0.52

4.3

0.73

Highly Functional

4.43

0.82

Highly Functional

1. The LSPU Online

Academic Tracker is
easy to install.
2. The LSPU Online
Academic Tracker
interface has an
organized buttons
and commands.
3. The LSPU Online
Academic Tracker
can be easily
understood and be
navigated easily.
Weighted Mean

Highly Functional

Table 14. Summary of the Level of Acceptability of the LSPU College of

Engineering Online Academic Tracker from Faculty Members and
Registrars Staffs
Table 14 presents organized and clear results of the level of
acceptability of the program from the Faculty Members and Registrars
Staffs.

Criteria

Mean

Standard Deviation

Remarks

1. Effectiveness

4.52

0.63

Highly Functional

2. Functionality

4.4

0.60

Highly Functional

3. User- Friendliness

4.43

0.82

Highly Functional

Weighted Mean

4.45

0.68

Highly Functional

53

Summary of Level of Acceptability of the LSPU College of Engineering

Online Academic Tracker from Faculty Members and Registrars Staffs
The summary of the level of acceptability of the LSPU College of
Engineering Online Academic Tracker with respect to its effectiveness,
functionality and user friendliness are revealed in Table 14. The respondents
observed the performance of the LSPU College of Engineering Online
Academic Tracker according to the three criteria effectiveness, functionality
and user friendliness making it possible to get the total average mean of the
criteria.
Based from the data gathered above, the LSPU College of
Engineering Online Academic Tracker is has a highly functional remark. In
terms of effectiveness, it obtained a weighted mean of 4.52 and a standard
deviation of 0.63. The level of acceptability in terms of functionality has a
weighted mean of 4.4 and a standard deviation of 0.60. And lastly the level of
acceptability in terms of user friendliness obtained a weighted mean of 4.43
and a standard deviation of 0.82. The combined data results to a weighted
mean of 4.45 and a standard deviation of 0.8. Through these results, the level
of acceptability of the LSPU College of Engineering Online Academic Tracker
is marked as highly functional.