Trig Rejasdklasj Dklasdj KL

1.
METHOD 1
using double-angle identity (seen anywhere)
A1
e.g. sin 2x = 2sin x cos x, 2cos x = 2sin x cos x

evidence of valid attempt to solve equation
(M1)
e.g. 0 = 2sin x cos x 2cos x, 2cos x (1 sin x) = 0

cos x = 0, sin x =1
A1A1
3
5
,x
,x
2
2
2
A1A1A1
N4
[7]
METHOD 2
A1A1M1A1
Notes: Award A1 for sketch of sin 2x, A1 for a sketch of 2 cos x,
M1 for at least one intersection point seen, and A1 for 3
approximately correct intersection points. Accept sketches
drawn outside [0, 3], even those with more than 3
intersections.
3 5
,x
,x
2
2
2
A1A1A1
N4
[7]
2.
(a)
(i)
100 (metres)
A1
N1
(ii)
50 (metres)
A1
N1
IB Questionbank Maths SL
(b)
(i)
identifying symmetry with h(2) = 9.5

subtraction
(M1)
A1
e.g. 100 h(2), 100 9.5

h(8) = 90.5
(ii)
recognizing period
AG
N0
(M1)
e.g. h(21) = h(1)

h(21) = 2.4
A1
N2
A1A1A1
Note: Award A1 for end points (0, 0) and (40, 0), A1 for range
0 h 100, A1 for approximately correct sinusoidal shape,
with two cycles
N3
(c)
(d)
evidence of a quotient involving 20, 2 or 360 to find b
(M1)
2
360
20, b
20
e.g. b
b

20 10
(accept b =18 if working in degrees)

a = 50, c = 50
A1
N2
A2A1
N3
5
[14]
3.
(a)
evidence of choosing cosine rule

2
(M1)
e.g. a + b 2ab cos C

correct substitution
2
A1
e.g. 7 + 9 2(7)(9) cos 120

AC =13.9 (= 193 )
(b)
A1
N2
N2
N2
METHOD 1
evidence of choosing sine rule
(M1)
sin A sin B
AC
e.g. BC
A1
sin A sin 120
13.9
e.g. 9
A 34.1
A1
METHOD 2
(M1)
AB 2 AC 2 BC 2
cos A
2 AB AC
e.g.
cos A
e.g.
A1
7 2 13.9 2 9 2
2 7 13.9
A 34.1
A1
[6]
4.
(a)
METHOD 1
evidence of recognizing the amplitude is the radius
(M1)
e.g. amplitude is half the diameter
8
2
a=4
A1
AG
N0
METHOD 2
evidence of recognizing the maximum height
(M1)
e.g. h = 6, a sin bt + 2 = 6
correct reasoning
(b)
e.g. a sin bt = 4 and sin bt has amplitude of 1
A1
a=4
AG
N0
N0
N0
N3
METHOD 1
period = 30
(A1)
2
30
A1
15
AG
METHOD 2
correct equation
(A1)
e.g. 2 = 4 sin 30b + 2, sin 30b = 0

30b = 2
(c)
15
recognizing h(t) = 0.5 (seen anywhere)

attempting to solve
A1
AG
R1
(M1)
e.g. sketch of h, finding h

correct work involving h
A2
4

cos
t
15
15
e.g. sketch of h showing intersection, 0.5 =

t = 10.6, t = 19.4
A1A1
(d)
METHOD 1
valid reasoning for their conclusion (seen anywhere)
R1
e.g. h(t) < 0 so underwater; h(t) > 0 so not underwater

evidence of substituting into h
e.g. h(19.4),
4 sin
(M1)
19.4
2
15
correct calculation
A1
e.g. h(19.4) = 1.19

correct statement
A1
N0
N0
e.g. the bucket is underwater, yes

METHOD 2
valid reasoning for their conclusion (seen anywhere)
R1
e.g. h(t) < 0 so underwater; h(t) > 0 so not underwater

evidence of valid approach
(M1)
e.g. solving h(t) = 0, graph showing region below x-axis

correct roots
A1
e.g. 17.5, 27.5

correct statement
A1
e.g. the bucket is underwater, yes

[14]
5.
(a)
A1A1A1
Note: Award A1 for labelling 4 with horizontal, A1 for
labelling [AU] 25 metres, A1 for drawing [TU].
N3
(b)
TU = 86
(A1)
(M1)
2
A1
e.g. x = 25 + 36 2(25)(36) cos 86

x = 42.4
A1
N3
4
[7]
6.
(a)
evidence of finding height, h
(A1)
h
e.g. sin = 2 , 2 sin
evidence of finding base of triangle, b
(A1)
b
e.g. cos = 2 , 2 cos
attempt to substitute valid values into a formula for the area
of the window
(M1)
e.g. two triangles plus rectangle, trapezium area formula

correct expression (must be in terms of )
A1
1
1
2 2 cos 2 sin 2 2 sin , 2 sin 2 2 4 cos

2
e.g. 2
attempt to replace 2sin cos by sin 2
M1
e.g. 4 sin + 2(2 sin cos )
(b)
y = 4 sin + 2 sin 2
AG
correct equation
A1
N0
N3
e.g. y = 5, 4 sin + 2 sin 2 = 5

evidence of attempt to solve
(M1)
e.g. a sketch, 4 sin + 2 sin 5 = 0

= 0.856 (49.0), = 1.25 (71.4)
A1A1
(c)
recognition that lower area value occurs at = 2
(M1)
finding value of area at = 2
(M1)
2 sin 2
2
2 , draw square
e.g. 4 sin
A=4
(A1)
recognition that maximum value of y is needed
(M1)
A = 5.19615
(A1)
4 < A < 5.20 (accept 4 < A < 5.19)
A2
N5
7
[16]
7.
(a)
(b)
3
3
do not accept x
4
4
tan =
(i)
(ii)
A1
3
4
sin = 5 , cos = 5
3 4

e.g. sin 2 = 2 5 5
24
sin 2 = 25
(A1)(A1)
A1
A1
N3
A1
2
3 4
,
e.g. cos 2 = 1 2 5 5
7
cos 2 = 25
N1
A1
N1
[7]
8.
(a)

cos
2
= 1
(A1)
A1
N2
(b)
(c)

2
(g f) 2 = g(1) (= 2(1) 1)
=1
2
(A1)
A1
2
(g f)(x) = 2(cos (2x)) 1 (= 2 cos (2x) 1)

2
evidence of 2 cos 1 = cos 2 (seen anywhere)

(g f)(x) = cos 4x
k=4
N2
A1
(M1)
A1
N2
[7]
9.
(a)
(i)
sin x = 0
x = 0, x =
(ii)
sin x = 1
3
x= 2
(b)
3
2
(c)
evidence of using anti-differentiation
A1
A1A1
N2
A1
A1
N1
A1
N1
(M1)
3
2
0
(6 6 sin x)dx
e.g.
correct integral 6x 6 cos x (seen anywhere)
3
3
6
6cos
(6 cos 0),
2
2
e.g.
9 0 + 6
k = 9 + 6

2
0
A1A1
(A1)
A1A1
N3
(d)
translation of
A1A1
N2
(e)
recognizing that the area under g is the same as the shaded region in f (M1)
p= 2 ,p=0
A1A1
N3
[17]
10.
(a)
(i)
evidence of finding the amplitude
(M1)
8
73
e.g. 2 , amplitude = 5
p = 5
(ii)
period = 8
q = 0.785
(b)
N2
(A1)
(iii)
A1
2

8
4
73
r= 2
r=2
k = 3 (accept y = 3)
A1
N2
(A1)
A1
N2
A1
N1
[7]
11.
(a)
(b)
(c)
2
2
e.g. 25 + 16 40cos x, 5 + 4 2 4 5 cosx
AC = 41 40 cos x
AC
4
1
, AC
e.g. sin x sin 30 2
= 4 sin x
4 sin x
accept
sin 30
AC = 8 sin x
(i)
AG
A1
A1
evidence of appropriate approach using AC

e.g. 8 sin x = 41 40 cos x , sketch showing intersection
correct solution 8.682..., 111.317...
obtuse value 111.317...
x = 111.32 to 2 dp (do not accept the radian answer 1.94)
(ii)
A1
substituting value of x into either expression for AC

e.g. AC = 8 sin 111.32
AC = 7.45
N1
M1
(A1)
(A1)
A1
N2
(M1)
A1
N2
(d)
(i)

a2 c2 b2
2ac
e.g. cos B =
4 2 4 2 7.45 2
2
2 4 4
e.g.
, 7.45 = 32 32 cos y, cos y = 0.734...
y = 137
(ii)
correct substitution into area formula

1
e.g. 2 4 4 sin 137, 8 sin 137
area = 5.42
(M1)
A1
A1
N2
(A1)
A1
N2
[14]
12.
(a)
(b)
appropriate approach
e.g. 6 = 8
C
AO
= 0.75
(M1)
evidence of substitution into formula for area of triangle

1
e.g. area = 2 8 8 sin(0.75)
area = 21.8
(M1)
evidence of substitution into formula for area of sector

1
e.g. area = 2 64 0.75
area of sector = 24
(M1)
evidence of substituting areas

1 2
1
r ab sin C
2
e.g. 2
, area of sector area of triangle
(M1)
area of shaded region = 2.19 cm

(c)
A1
attempt to set up an equation for area of sector

1
2
e.g. 45 = 2 8
E
CO
= 1.40625 (1.41 to 3 sf)
N2
(A1)
(A1)
A1
N4
(M1)
A1
N2
10
(d)
METHOD 1
attempting to find angle EOF
e.g. 0.75 1.41
F
EO
= 0.985 (seen anywhere)
(M1)

(M1)
A1
2
2
e.g. EF = 8 8 2 8 8 cos 0.985
EF = 7.57 cm
A1
A1
N3
METHOD 2
attempting to find angles that are needed
e.g. angle EOF and angle OEF
F
EO
= 0.9853... and OEF (or OFE) = 1.078...
(M1)
evidence of choosing sine rule

EF
8
e.g. sin0.985 sin 1.08

EF = 7.57 cm
(M1)
(A1)
A1
A1
N3
METHOD 3
attempting to find angle EOF
e.g. 0.75 1.41
F
EO
= 0.985 (seen anywhere)
(M1)
evidence of using half of triangle EOF

0.985
e.g. x = 8 sin 2
(M1)
A1
correct calculation
e.g. x = 3.78
A1
EF = 7.57 cm
A1
N3
[15]
13.
(a)
correct substitution in l = r
1
,
e.g. 10 3 6 2 10
20 10

3
arc length = 6
(A1)
A1
N2
11
(b)
1
100
10 2
3
6
area of large sector = 2
(A1)
1 2 64
8
3
6
area of small sector = 2
(A1)
evidence of valid approach (seen anywhere)

1
(10 2 8 2 )
e.g. subtracting areas of two sectors, 2 3
accept
area shaded = 6
36
, etc.
6
M1
A1
N3
[6]
14.
(a)
(b)
attempt to substitute 1 2 sin for cos 2

2
e.g. 4 (1 2 sin ) + 5 sin
2
4 cos 2 + 5 sin = 2 sin + 5 sin + 3
(M1)
A1
evidence of appropriate approach to solve

e.g. factorizing, quadratic formula
(M1)
correct working
AG
N0
A1
5 1
4
e.g. (2 sin + 3)(sin + 1), (2x + 3)(x + 1) = 0, sin x =
3
do not penalise for including sin
2
correct solution sin = 1
3
= 2
(A1)
A2
N3
[7]
15.
(a)
(i)
correct approach
5 1
OC OA,
2 0
e.g.
4
AC
A1
AG
N0
12
(ii)
(iii)
(b)
(i)
appropriate approach
4 1

e.g. D B, 1 5 , move 3 to the right and 6 down
3
BD
6
(M1)
A1
finding the scalar product

e.g. 4(3) + 2(6), 12 12
A1
valid reasoning
e.g. 4(3) + 2(6) = 0, scalar product is zero
R1
AC is perpendicular to BD
AG
correct position vector for u; direction vector for v

5
1
4
2
, u ; v , v
2
0
2
1
e.g. u =
N2
N0
A1A1
N2
5
4
t
2
2
accept in equation e.g.
(ii)
(c)
any correct equation in the form r = a + tb, where b = BD

1
3 x 4
1
t
,
t
5
6 y 1
2
e.g. r =
A2
N2
METHOD 1
substitute (3, k) into equation for (AC) or (BD)
e.g. 3 = 1 + 4s, 3 = 1 + 3t
(M1)
value of t or s
1 1
2 1
, , t ,
3 3,
e.g. s = 2 2
A1
substituting
A1
1
(2)
e.g. k = 0 + 2
,
k=1
AG
N0
13
METHOD 2
setting up two equations
(M1)
e.g. 1 + 4s = 4 + 3t, 2s = 1 6t; setting vector equations of lines equal
(d)
value of t or s
1 1
2 1
, , t ,
3 3
e.g. s = 2 2
A1
substituting
4 1 3
e.g. r = 1 3 6 ,
k=1
A1
AG
PD
(A1)
PD 2 2 12 ( 5 )
(A1)
AC 4 2 2 2 ( 20 )
1
AC PD
area = 2
N0
(A1)
20 5
2
=5
M1
A1
N4
[17]
16.
(a)
correct substitution into the formula for the area of a triangle

1
1
e.g. 2 5 13.6 sin C = 20, 2 5 h = 20
attempt to solve
A1
(M1)
8
e.g. sin C = 0.5882... , sin C = 13.6
C = 36.031... (0.6288 radians)
B
AC
= 144 (2.51 radians)
(b)
evidence of choosing the cosine rule

2
2
2
e.g. (AB) = 5 + 13.6 2(5)(13.6)cos143.968...
AB = 17.9
(A1)
A1
N3
(M1)
A1
A1
N2
[7]
14
17.
(a)
(b)
valid approach
e.g. 15 mins is half way, top of the wheel, d + 1
height = 101 (metres)
evidence of identifying rotation angle after 6 minutes
2 1
,
e.g. 5 5 of a rotation, 72
evidence of appropriate approach
e.g. drawing a right triangle and using cosine ratio
(c)
(M1)
A1
N2
A1
(M1)
correct working (seen anywhere)

2
x
e.g. cos 5 50 , 15.4(508...)
A1
evidence of appropriate method

e.g. height = radius + 1 15.45...
M1
height 35.5 (metres) (accept 35.6)
A1
N2
METHOD 1
2
evidence of substituting into b = period
(M1)
2
e.g. period = 30 minutes, b = 30

b = 0.209 15
substituting into h(t)
e.g. h(0) = 1, h(15) = 101
A1
A1
N2
(M1)

c
1 = 50 sin 15 + 51
A1
c = 7.5
A1
N2
METHOD 2
evidence of setting up a system of equations
two correct equations
e.g. 1 = 50 sin b(0 c) + 51, 101 = 50 sin b(15 c) + 51
attempt to solve simultaneously
e.g. evidence of combining two equations

b = 0.209 15 , c = 7.5
(M1)
A1A1
(M1)
A1A1 N2N2
15
(d)
evidence of solving h(t) = 96

e.g. equation, graph
t = 12.8 (minutes)
(M1)
A2
N3
[16]
18.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(i)
x = 3 cos
(ii)
y = 3 sin
finding area
A1
A1
A1
1
e.g. A = 4 3 sin 3 cos , 8 2 3 cos 3 sin
A = 18(2 sin cos )
A = 18 sin 2
A1
AG
(ii)
dA
d = 36 cos 2
for setting derivative equal to 0
dA
e.g. 36 cos 2 = 0, d = 0
2 = 2
= 4
N1
(M1)
1
e.g. A = 2x 2y, A = 8 2 bh
substituting
(i)
N1
N0
A2
N2
(M1)
(A1)
A1
N2
16
(iii)
valid reason (seen anywhere)

d2 A
, 2 0
e.g. at 4 d
; maximum when f(x) < 0
R1
d2 A
finding second derivative d
evidence of substituting 4
= 72 sin 2

2 ,72 sin ,72
4
2
e.g. 72 sin
= 4 produces the maximum area
A1
M1
AG
N0
[13]
19.
(a)
(i)
evidence of approach
e.g. PQ PO OQ, Q P
(M1)
PQ 2
1
(ii)
2

PR 2
4

A1
A1
N2
N1
17
(b)
METHOD 1
choosing correct vectors PQ and PR
(A1)(A1)
PQ PR , PQ , PR
finding
PQ PR = 2 + 4 + 4 (= 6)
(A1) (A1)(A1)
PQ ( 1) 2 2 2 12 ( 6 ), PR 2 2 2 2 4 2 ( 24)
substituting into formula for angle between two vectors

6
cos RPQ
6 24
e.g.
1
simplifying to expression clearly leading to 2
6
6
6
,
,
e.g. 6 2 6 144 12
1
cos RPQ
2
M1
A1
AG
N0
METHOD 2
evidence of choosing cosine rule (seen anywhere)
3

QR 0
3

QR 18 , PQ 6 and PR 24
2
( 6 ) ( 24 ) ( 18 )
cos RPQ
2 6 24
cos RPQ
(i)
A1
(A1)(A1)(A1)
6 24 18 12

24
24
A1
A1
1
cos RPQ
2
(c)
(M1)
AG
N0
METHOD 1
2
2
e.g. using sin RPQ cos RPQ 1 , diagram
(M1)
substituting correctly
(A1)
2
1
sin RPQ 1
2
e.g.
3
3
sin RPQ
4
2
A1
N3
METHOD 2
18
1
, P 60
2
since
e.g. drawing a right triangle, finding the missing side
3
sin P
2
cos P
(ii)

1
e.g. attempt to substitute into 2 ab sin C
1
3
6 24
2
e.g. area = 2
area = 3 3
(A1)
(A1)
A1
N3
(M1)
A1
A1
N2
[16]
20.
2x
e ( 3 sin x + cos x) = 0
2x
e = 0 not possible (seen anywhere)
simplifying
3 sin x cos x 0, 3 sin x cos x,

e.g.
(A1)
(A1)
sin x
1
cos x
3
A1
EITHER
tan x =
5
x= 6
1
3
A1
A2
N4
OR
sketch of 30, 60, 90 triangle with sides 1, 2,
5
work leading to x = 6
5
verifying 6 satisfies equation
A1
A1
A1
N4
[6]
19
21.
(a)
METHOD 1
choosing cosine rule
(M1)
A1
3.9 2 3.9 2 2(3.9)(3.9) cos 1.8

e.g. AB =
AB = 6.11(cm)
A1
N2
METHOD 2
evidence of approach involving right-angled triangles
x 1
,
e.g. sin 0.9 = 3.9 2 AB = 3.9 sin 0.9
AB = 6.11 (cm)
(M1)
A1
A1
N2
METHOD 3
choosing the sine rule
sin 0.670... sin 1.8
3.9
AB
e.g.
AB = 6.11 (cm)
(b)
(M1)
A1
A1
N2
METHOD 1
reflex AOB = 2 1.8 (= 4.4832)

1
2
correct substitution A = 2 (3.9) (4.4832...)
2
area = 34.1 (cm )
(A2)
A1
A1
N2
METHOD 2
2
finding area of circle A = (3.9) (= 47.78...)

1
2
finding area of (minor) sector A = 2 (3.9) (1.8) (= 13.68...)
subtracting
2
2
e.g. (3.9) 0.5(3.9) (1.8), 47.8 13.7
2
area = 34.1 (cm )
(A1)
(A1)
M1
A1
N2
20
METHOD 3
finding reflex AOB = 2 1.8 (= 4.4832)

finding proportion of total area of circle
2 1. 8
(3.9) 2 ,
r 2
2
e.g.
area = 34.1 (cm)
(A2)
A1
A1
N2
[7]
22.
(a)
attempt to form any composition (even if order is reversed)

3x
g
1
2
correct composition h(x) =
3x
1
1
h( x) 4 cos 2
(M1)
(A1)
1
1
3x 2
4 cos x 1, 4 cos
1
3
6
2
(b)
period is 4(12.6)
(c)
range is 5 h(x) 3 ([5, 3])
A1
N3
A1
N1
A1A1
N2
[6]
23.
(a)
METHOD 1
evidence of choosing the cosine formula
2
2
2
B 7 7 13
cos AC
277
e.g.
B
AC
= 2.38 radians (= 136)
(M1)
A1
A1
N2
METHOD 2
evidence of appropriate approach involving right-angled triangles
6.5
1
sin ACB
7
2
e.g.
B
AC
= 2.38 radians (= 136)
(M1)
A1
A1
N2
21
(b)
METHOD 1
D
AC
= 2.381 (180 136.4)
evidence of choosing the sine rule in triangle ACD
6.5
7
e.g. sin 0.760... sinADC

C
AD
= 0.836... (= 47.9...)
CAD = (0.760... + 0.836...) (180 (43.5... + 47.9...))

= 1.54 (= 88.5)
(A1)
(M1)
A1
A1
A1
N3
METHOD 2
1
1
( 2.381) (180 136.4)

2
2
evidence of choosing the sine rule in triangle ABD

6. 5
13
e.g. sin 0.380... sin ADC

C
AB
C
AD
= 0.836... (= 47.9...)
CAD = 0.836... ( 2.381...) (= 180 47.9... (180 136.4))

= 1.54 (= 88.5)
(A1)
(M1)
A1
A1
A1
N3
Note: Two triangles are possible with the given information.
If candidate finds ADC = 2.31 (132) leading to

CA D = 0.076 (4.35), award marks as
per markscheme.
[8]
22
24.
(a)
A1A1A1
N3
Note: Award A1 for approximately sinusoidal shape,

A1 for end points approximately correct, (2, 4),
(2, 4) A1 for approximately correct position of graph,
(y-intercept (0, 4) maximum to right of y-axis).
(b)
(i)
(ii)
2 (6.28)
A1
N1
(iii)
0.927
A1
N1
A1A1A1
N3
(c)
f(x) = 5 sin (x + 0.927) (accept p = 5, q = 1, r = 0.927)
(d)
evidence of correct approach

e.g. max/min, sketch of f(x) indicating roots
one 3 s.f. value which rounds to one of 5.6, 2.5, 0.64, 3.8
(e)
k = 5, k = 5
A1
N1
(M1)
A1
N2
A1A1
N2
23
(f)
METHOD 1
graphical approach (but must involve derivative functions)
e.g.
each curve
x = 0.511
M1
A1A1
A2
N2
A1
A1
M1
A2
N2
METHOD 2
1
g(x) = x 1
f(x) = 3 cos x 4 sin x (5 cos(x + 0.927))
evidence of attempt to solve g(x) = f(x)
x = 0.511
[18]
25.
evidence of substituting for cos2x

2
2
evidence of substituting into sin x + cos x = 1
correct equation in terms of cos x (seen anywhere)
2
(M1)
(M1)
A1
e.g. 2cos x 1 3 cos x 3 = 1, 2 cos x 3 cos x 5 = 0

evidence of appropriate approach to solve
e.g. factorizing, quadratic formula
appropriate working
(M1)
A1
3 49
4
e.g. (2 cos x 5)(cos x + 1) = 0, (2x 5)(x + 1), cos x =
correct solutions to the equation
5
5
e.g. cos x = 2 , cos x = 1, x = 2 , x = 1
x=
(A1)
A1
N4
[7]
24
26.
(a)
choosing sine rule

AD
4
e.g. sin0.8 sin 0.3

AD = 9.71 (cm)
(b)
(M1)
A1
A1
N2
METHOD 1
finding angle OAD = 1.1 = (2.04) (seen anywhere)
(A1)
choosing cosine rule

2
2
2
e.g. OD = 9.71 + 4 2 9.71 4 cos( 1.1)
(M1)
A1
OD = 12.1 (cm)
A1
N3
METHOD 2
finding angle OAD = 1.1 = (2.04) (seen anywhere)
(A1)
choosing sine rule

(M1)
A1
OD
9.71
4
e.g. sin( 1.1) sin 0.8 sin 0.3

OD = 12.1 (cm)
(c)
(d)
A1
correct substitution into area of a sector formula

2
e.g. area = 0.5 4 0.8
2
area = 6.4 (cm )
(A1)
substitution into area of triangle formula OAD

1
1
e.g. A = 2 4 12.1 sin 0.8, A = 2 4 9.71 sin 2.04,
1
A = 2 12.1 9.71 sin 0.3
(M1)
A1
subtracting area of sector OABC from area of triangle OAD

e.g. area ABCD = 17.3067 6.4
2
area ABCD = 10.9 (cm )
(M1)
A1
A1
N3
N2
N2
[13]
25
27.
(a)
A1A1A1
N3
Note: Award A1 for f being of sinusoidal shape, with

2 maxima and one minimum,
A1 for g being a parabola opening down,
A1 for two intersection points in approximately
correct position.
(b)
(c)
(d)
(i)
(2,0) (accept x = 2)
A1
(ii)
period = 8
A2
N2
(iii)
amplitude = 5
A1
N1
(i)
(2, 0), (8, 0) (accept x = 2, x = 8)
(ii)
x = 5 (must be an equation)
N1
A1A1 N1N1
A1
N1
METHOD 1
intersect when x = 2 and x = 6.79 (may be seen as limits of integration)A1A1
e.g.
(M1)
6.79
g f , f ( x ) dx g ( x ) dx ,
area = 27.6
( 0.5 x 2 5 x 8 5 cos x
4
A2
N3
26
METHOD 2
intersect when x = 2 and x = 6.79 (seen anywhere)
evidence of approach using a sketch of g and f, or g f.
e.g. area A + B C, 12.7324 + 16.0938 1.18129...

area = 27.6
A1A1
(M1)
A2
N3
[15]
28.
(a)
(b)
(i)
sin 140 = p
A1
N1
(ii)
cos 70 = q
A1
N1
METHOD 1
2
evidence of using sin + cos = 1

e.g. diagram,
cos 140 =
cos 140 =
1 p 2
(M1)
(seen anywhere)
1 p 2
(A1)
1 p 2
A1
N2
METHOD 2
2
evidence of using cos2 = 2 cos 1

2
cos 140 = 2 cos 70 1

2
(A1)
2
cos 140 = 2( q) 1 (= 2q 1)
(M1)
A1
N2
27
(c)
METHOD 1
tan 140 =
sin 140
p
cos 140
1 p 2
A1
N1
A1
N1
METHOD 2
p
2
tan 140 = 2q 1
[6]
29.
(a)
period =
A1
N1
A1A1A1
N3
(b)
y
4
3
2
1
0
1
2
3
4
3
2
2 x
Note: Award A1 for amplitude of 3, A1 for their

period, A1 for a sine curve passing through
(0, 0) and (0, 2).
(c)
(M1)
e.g. line y = 2 on graph, discussion of number of solutions in

the domain
4 (solutions)
A1
N2
[6]
28
30.
(a)
evidence of choosing the formula cos A = 2 cos A 1

Note: If they choose another correct formula, do
not award the M1 unless there is evidence
1
2
of finding sin A = 1 9 .
1

e.g. cos 2A = 3
cos 2 A
(b)
(M1)
A1
8
1
, cos 2 A 2
9
3
7
9
A1
N2
METHOD 1
2
evidence of using sin B + cos B = 1

2

e.g. 3
cos 2 B 1,
cos B =
cos B =
5
9 (seen anywhere),
(A1)
A1
5
9
5
9
(M1)
N2
METHOD 2
diagram
M1
e.g.
for finding third side equals

cos B =
5
3
(A1)
A1
N2
[6]
29
31.
(a)
(i)
range of f is [1, 1], (1 f (x) 1)
(ii)
sin x = 1 sin x = 1
A1
justification for one solution on [0, 2]
R1
A2
e.g . x
2 , unit circle, sketch of sin x
1 solution (seen anywhere)
(b)
(c)
f (x) = 3 sin x cos x
using
b
a
y 2 dx
2
0
3 sin x
2
0
1
cos 2
N1
A2
N2
dx
(A1)
3 sin 2 x cos x dx
1
evidence of using sin 2
and sin 0 = 0
e.g.
A1
(M1)

V sin 3 x 02 sin 3 sin 3 0
2
N2
A1
A2
(A1)
(1 0)
V=
A1
N1
[14]
32.
(a)
evidence of using area of a triangle
(M1)
1
A 2 2 sin
2
e.g.
A = 2 sin
A1
N2
30
(b)
METHOD 1
A
PO
=
(A1)
1
2 2 sin
area OPA = 2
(= 2 sin ( ))
A1
since sin ( ) = sin
R1
then both triangles have the same area
AG
N0
METHOD 2
(c)
triangle OPA has the same height and the same base as triangle OPB
R3
then both triangles have the same area
AG
1
2
2 2
2
area semi-circle =
A1
area APB = 2 sin + 2 sin
A1
(= 4 sin )
S = area of semicircle area APB (= 2 4 sin )
M1
S = 2( 2 sin )
AG
N0
N0
31
(d)
METHOD 1
attempt to differentiate
(M1)
dS
4 cos
e.g. d
setting derivative equal to 0
(M1)
correct equation
A1
e.g. 4 cos = 0, cos = 0, 4 cos = 0
= 2
A1
N3
EITHER
evidence of using second derivative
(M1)
S() = 4 sin
A1

4
S 2
A1

0
it is a minimum because S 2
R1
N0
OR
evidence of using first derivative
(M1)
,
for < 2 S () < 0
(may use diagram)
A1
,
for > 2 S () > 0
(may use diagram)
A1
it is a minimum since the derivative goes from negative

to positive
R1
N0
METHOD 2
2 4 sin is minimum when 4 sin is a maximum
4 sin is a maximum when sin = 1
= 2
(e)
S is greatest when 4 sin is smallest (or equivalent)
= 0 (or )
R3
(A2)
A3
N3
(R1)
A1
N2
[18]
32
33.
(a)
choosing sine rule
(M1)
sin R sin 75
10
correct substitution 7
A1
sin R = 0.676148...
PRQ = 42.5
(b)
A1
N2
P = 180 75 R
P = 62.5
(A1)
substitution into any correct formula
A1
1
7 10 sin
e.g. area PQR = 2
(their P)
2
= 31.0 (cm )
A1
N2
[6]
34.
(a)

e.g. 3 =
2
9
r =13.5 (cm)
(b)
A1
adding two radii plus 3

perimeter = 27+3 (cm)
(c)
M1
N1
(M1)
(= 36.4)
A1
N2
M1
1
2
13.5 2
9
e.g. 2
2
area = 20.25 (cm ) (= 63.6)
A1
N1
[6]
33
35.
(a)
y
15
10
5
A1A1A1
N3
Note: Award A1 for passing through (0, 0), A1

for correct shape, A1 for a range of
approximately 1 to 15.
(b)
evidence of attempt to solve f (x) = 1
tan x
e.g. line on sketch, using
(M1)
sin x
cos x
x = 0.207 x = 0.772
A1A1
N3
[6]
36.
(a)
(b)
(i)
A1
N1
(ii)
A1
N1
(iii)
10
A1
N1
(i)
M1
e.g.
(ii)
18 2
2
A=8
AG
N0
C = 10
A2
N2
34
(iii)
METHOD 1
period = 12
(A1)
evidence of using B period = 2 (accept 360)
(M1)
2
e.g. 12 = B
B
6 (accept 0.524 or 30)
A1
N3
METHOD 2
evidence of substituting
(M1)
e.g. 10 = 8 cos 3B + 10
simplifying
(A1)
3B
2
e.g. cos 3B = 0
(c)
6 (accept 0.524 or 30)
correct answers
A1
N3
A1A1
e.g. t = 3.52, t = 10.5, between 03:31 and 10:29 (accept 10:30)
N2
[11]
37.
(a)
sin x
changing tan x into cos x
sin x
3
3 cos x
e.g. sin x + cos x
simplifying
2
2
3
3
e.g. sin x (sin x + cos x), sin x + sin x sin x
f(x) = sin x
A1
A1
AG
N0
35
(b)
recognizing f(2x) = sin 2x, seen anywhere

evidence of using double angle identity sin (2x) = 2 sin x cos x,
seen anywhere
2
evidence of using Pythagoras with sin x = 3
2
(A1)
(M1)
M1
e.g. sketch of right triangle, sin x + cos x = 1

5
5
accept
3
3
cos x =
5
2

3
3
f(2x) = 2
4 5
9
f(2x) =
(A1)
A1
AG
N0
[7]
38.
(a)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(b)
attempt to substitute
29 15
2
e.g. a =
a = 7 (accept a = 7)
(M1)
period = 12
2
b = 12
b= 6
(A1)
attempt to substitute
29 15
2
e.g. d =
d = 22
(M1)
c = 3 (accept c = 9 from a = 7)
Note: Other correct values for c can be found,
c = 3 12k, k .
stretch takes 3 to 1.5

translation maps (1.5, 29) to (4.5, 19) (so M is (4.5, 19))
A1
N2
A1
AG
N0
A1
N2
A1
N1
(A1)
A1
N2
36
(c)
g(t) = 7 cos 3 (t 4.5) + 12
A1A2A1
N4
(A1)
(A1)
A1
N3
Note: Award A1 for 3 , A2 for 4.5, A1 for 12.

Other correct values for c can be found
c = 4.5 6k, k .
(d)
10
translation
horizontal stretch of a scale factor of 2
completely correct description, in correct order
3
10
e.g. translation
then horizontal stretch of a scale factor of 2
[16]
39.
(a)
finding ABC = 110 (= 1.92 radians)

2
2
2
e.g. AC = AB + BC 2(AB)(BC) cos ABC
2
2
2
e.g. AC = 25 + 40 2(25)(40) cos 110
AC = 53.9 (km)
(b)
(A1)
(M1)
A1
A1
N3
METHOD 1
correct substitution into the sine rule
C sin 110
sin BA
40
53.9
e.g.
C
BA
= 44.2
bearing = 074
A1
A1
A1
N1
METHOD 2
correct substitution into the cosine rule
2
2
2
C 40 25 53.9
cos BA
2( 25)(53.9)
e.g.
C
BA
= 44.3
bearing = 074
A1
A1
A1
N1
[7]
40.
(a)
p = 30
A2
N2
37
(b)
METHOD 1
2
Period = q
(M2)
= 2
q=4
(A1)
A1
N4
METHOD 2
1
Horizontal stretch of scale factor = q
1
scale factor = 4
q=4
(M2)
(A1)
A1
N4
[6]
41.
(a)
Evidence of using Pythagoras

2
2
e.g. diagram, sin x + cos x = 1
Correct calculation
144
5, 1
169
e.g.
5
sin = 13
(b)
Evidence of using formula for cos 2

2
e.g. cos 2 = 2 cos 1
Correct substitution/calculation
2
12
2 1
e.g. 13
sin ( + ) = sin =
(A1)
A1
119
cos 2 = 169
(c)
(M1)
5
13
N3
(M1)
A1
A1
N2
A1
N1
[7]
42.
(a)
(b)
Attempt to factorise
correct factors (2sin 1) (sin + 1) = 0
1
sin = 2 , sin = 1
(M1)
A1
A1A1
other solutions are 150, 270
A1A1 N1N1
N2
[6]
38
43.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
When t = 1, l = 33 + 5 cos 720

l = 33 + 5 = 38
(M1)
A1
N2
Minimum when cos = 1

lmin = 33 5
= 28
(M1)
(M1)
A1
N3
33 = 33 + 5cos720t (0 = 5 cos 720t)

720t = 90
90 1

t = 720 8
M1
A1
A1
Evidence of dividing into 360

360 1

period = 720 2
N1
(M1)
A1
N2
[10]
44.
(a)
2
period = 2 =
(b)
m= 2
(c)
Using A =
2
0
sin 2 xdx
M1A1
N2
A2
N2
(M1)
2 cos 2 x
0
Integrating correctly, A =
1
1
cos ( cos 0)
2
Substituting, A = 2
1
1
( 1) ( (1))
2
Correct values, A = 2
A=1
A1
(M1)
1 1

2 2
A1A1
A1
N2
[10]
39
45.
(a)
2
2
2
using the cosine rule a = b + c 2bc cos A
2
substituting correctly BC = 65 + 104 2(65)(104)cos60

= 4225 + 10 816 6760 = 8281
BC = 91m
(b)
1
bc sin A
2
finding the area, using
1
substituting correctly, area = 2 (65)(104)sin60
= 1690 3 (accept p = 1690)
(c)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(i)
A1
A1
1

A2 = 2 (104)(x)sin30
= 26x
65x
stating A1 + A2 = A or substituting 4 + 26x = 1690 3
169 x
1690 3
simplifying 4
Recognizing that supplementary angles have equal sines
e.g. ADC = 180 ADB sinADC sinADB
N2
(M1)
A1
A1
1

A1 = 2 (65)(x)sin30
65x
= 4
4 1690 3
169
x=
x = 40 3 (accept q = 40)
(d)
(M1)
N2
A1
AG
M1
A1
N0
N1
(M1)
A1
A1
A1
N2
R1
40
(ii)
using sin rule in ADB and ACD

BD
65
BD
sin30
B
sin30
65
sinADB
sinAD
DC
104
DC
sin30
C
104 sinAD
and sin30 sinADC
since sinADB sinADC

BD DC
BD 65
65 104
DC 104
BD 5
DC 8
(M1)
A1
M1
A1
AG
N0
[18]
46.
(a)
Evidence of using the cosine rule
(M1)
p2 r 2 q2
, q 2 p 2 r 2 2 pr
R
2
pr
P
Q
eg cos
=
cos PQR
Correct substitution
A1
42 62 52 2
, 5 4 2 6 2 2 4 6 cos Q
2
6
eg
27
0.5625
R
P
Q
cos
= 48
R
PQ
= 55.8 (0.973 radians)
(b)
(A1)
A1
N2
1
pr
Area = 2 sin PQR

1
4 6
For substituting correctly 2
sin 55.8
2
= 9.92 (cm )
A1
A1
N1
[6]
41
47.
Note:
(a)
Throughout this question, do not accept methods which involve

finding .
Evidence of correct approach
A1
BC
, BC 3 2 2 2 5
AB
eg sin =
5
sin = 3
(b)
(c)
AG
Evidence of using sin 2 = 2 sin cos
(M1)
5 2

2
3 3
A1
4 5
= 9
AG
Evidence of using an appropriate formula for cos 2
N0
N0
M1
4 5
4
5
80
, 2 1, 1 2 , 1
9
9
81
eg 9 9
cos 2 =
1
9
A2
N2
[6]
48.
(a)
For using perimeter = r + r + arc length

20 = 2r + r
A1
20 2r
r
AG
(b)
(M1)
1 2 20 2r
r
r
Finding A = 2
10r r
N0
For setting up equation in r
(A1)
M1
Correct simplified equation, or sketch

2
eg 10r r = 25, r 10r + 25 = 0

r = 5 cm
(A1)
A1
N2
[6]
42
49.
Notes:Candidates may have differing answers due to using approximate

answers from previous parts or using answers from the GDC.
Some leeway is provided to accommodate this.
(a)
METHOD 1
Evidence of using the cosine rule
(M1)
a2 b2 c2 2
, a b 2 c 2 2bc cos A
2
ab
eg cos C =
32 2 2 4 2 2 2
P
, 4 3 2 2 2 3 2 cos AO
2
A
O
P
eg cos
=
A1
cos AOP = 0.25
P
AO
= 1.82
26
45 (radians)
A1
N2
METHOD 2
Area of AOBP = 5.81 (from part (d))
Area of triangle AOP = 2.905
(M1)
2.9050 = 0.5 2 3 sin AOP
A1
P
AO
= 1.32 or 1.82
P
AO
= 1.82
(b)
26
45 (radians)
B
AO
= 2( 1.82)
= 2.64
(c)
(i)
A1
(= 2 3.64)
N2
(A1)
38
45 (radians)
A1
Appropriate method of finding area
N2
(M1)
1 2
r
eg area = 2
1 2
4 1.63
Area of sector PAEB = 2
A1
= 13.0 (cm )
(accept the exact value 13.04)
(ii)
1 2
3 2.64
Area of sector OADB = 2
2
= 11.9 (cm )
A1
N2
A1
A1
N1
43
(d)
Area AOBE = Area PAEB Area AOBP (= 13.0 5.81)
(i)
M1
= 7.19 (accept 7.23 from the exact answer for PAEB) A1

Area shaded = Area OADB Area AOBE (= 11.9 7.19)
(ii)
= 4.71 (accept answers between 4.63 and 4.72)
N1
M1
A1
N1
[14]
50.
(a)
Evidence of choosing cosine rule

2
(M1)
eg a = b + c 2bc cos A
2
A1
2
eg (AD) = 7.1 + 9.2 2(7.1) (9.2) cos 60

2
(AD) = 69.73
AD = 8.35 (cm)
(b)
(A1)
A1
180 162 = 18
(A1)
Evidence of choosing sine rule
(M1)
N2
A1
8.35
DE
eg sin 18 = sin 110
DE = 2.75 (cm)
(c)
Setting up equation
A1
N2
(M1)
1
1
eg 2 ab sin C = 5.68, 2 bh = 5.68
A1
1
1
eg 5.68 = 2 (3.2) (7.1) sin DBC , 2 3.2 h = 5.68, (h = 3.55)
sin DBC = 0.5
C
DB
30 and/or 150
(A1)
A1
N2
44
(d)
C (60 + D B
C)
Finding A B
(A1)
Using appropriate formula
(M1)
eg (AC) = (AB) + (BC) , (AC) = (AB) + (BC) 2 (AB)

(BC) cos ABC
Correct substitution (allow FT on their seen ABC )

2
A1
AC = 9.74 (cm)
A1
eg (AC) = 9.2 + 3.2
(e)
For finding area of triangle ABD
N3
(M1)
1
Correct substitution Area = 2 9.2 7.1 sin 60
A1
= 28.28...
A1
Area of ABCD = 28.28... + 5.68
(M1)
= 34.0 (cm )
A1
N3
[21]
51.
(a)
y
10
180
360
180
360
10
Correct asymptotes
(b)
(i)
Period = 360
(ii)
f (90) = 2
(accept 2)
A1A1
N2
A1
N1
A1
N1
45
(c)
270, 90
A1A1 N1N1
Notes: Penalize 1 mark for any additional values.
Penalize 1 mark for correct answers given
3
, , or 4.71, 1.57 .
in radians 2
[6]
52.
(a)
METHOD 1
Using the discriminant = 0
(M1)
k =441
k = 4, k = 4
A1A1
N3
METHOD 2
Factorizing
(2x 1)
(M1)
k = 4, k = 4
(b)
A1A1
2
Evidence of using cos 2 = 2 cos 1
N3
M1
eg 2(2 cos 1) + 4 cos + 3

2
f () = 4 cos + 4 cos + 1
AG
N0
46
(c)
(i)
A1
(ii)
METHOD 1
Attempting to solve for cos
cos =
N1
M1
1
2
(A1)
= 240, 120, 240, 120 (correct four values only)
A2
N3
METHOD 2
2
Sketch of y = 4 cos + 4 cos + 1

y
360
180
180
Indicating 4 zeros
360
(A1)
= 240, 120, 240, 120 (correct four values only)

(d)
M1
Using sketch
A2
N3
(M1)
c=9
A1
N2
[11]
Note: Accept exact answers given in terms of .
53.
(a)
Evidence of using l = r
(M1)
arc AB = 7.85 (m)
(b)
A1
1
A r2
2
Evidence of using
(M1)
2
Area of sector AOB = 58.9 (m )
N2
A1
N2
47
(c)
METHOD 1
30
angle = 6
(A1)
attempt to find 15 sin 6
M1
height = 15 + 15 sin 6
= 22.5 (m)
A1
N2
METHOD 2
60
angle = 3
attempt to find 15 cos 3
(A1)
M1
height = 15 + 15 cos 3
= 22.5 (m)
A1
N2
48
(d)
(i)

15 15 cos
4
2 4
(M1)
= 25.6 (m)
A1
0
4
h(0) = 15 15 cos
N2
(ii)
(M1)
= 4.39(m)
(iii)
A1
N2
METHOD 1
Highest point when h = 30
R1
2t
4
30 = 15 15 cos
M1
2t
4 = 1
cos
accept
t = 1.18
(A1)
A1
N2
METHOD 2
h
30
2
Sketch of graph of h
Correct maximum indicated
t = 1.18
t
M2
(A1)
A1
N2
METHOD 3
Evidence of setting h(t) = 0
2t 0
4
sin
M1
(A1)
Justification of maximum
R1
eg reasoning from diagram, first derivative test, second

derivative test
accept
t = 1.18
A1
N2
49
(e)
2t
4 (may be seen in part (d))
h(t) = 30 sin
(f)
(i)
A1A1
N2
A1A1A1
N3
h (t)
30
30
Notes: Award A1 for range 30 to 30, A1

for two zeros.
Award A1 for approximate correct
sinusoidal shape.
(ii)
METHOD 1
Maximum on graph of h
t = 0.393
(M1)
A1
N2
METHOD 2
Minimum on graph of h
t = 1.96
(M1)
A1
N2
METHOD 3
Solving h(t) = 0
(M1)
One or both correct answers
A1
t = 0.393, t = 1.96
N2
[22]
54.
(a)
Vertex is (4, 8)
A1A1
(b)
Substituting 10 = a(7 4) + 8
a = 2
(c)
For y-intercept, x = 0
y = 24
N2
M1
A1
N1
(A1)
A1
N2
[6]
55.
METHOD 1
50
1 2
r
Evidence of correctly substituting into A = 2
A1
Evidence of correctly substituting into l = r
A1
For attempting to eliminate one variable
(M1)
leading to a correct equation in one variable
A1
= 6
r=4
(= 0.524, 30)
A1A1
N3
METHOD 2
Setting up and equating ratios
4
2
3 3
r 2 2r
(M1)
A1A1
Solving gives r = 4
A1
2
1
4
or r 2
2
3
r = 3
A1
0.524 , 30
= 6
A1
r=4
0.524 , 30
= 6
N3
[6]
56.

3
or etc
2
a = 4, b = 2, c = 2
A2A2A2
N6
[6]
57.
(a)
PQ =
(b)
Using r = a + tb
x 1
5
t
y 6
3
A1A1
N2
A2A1A1
N4
[6]
51
58.
METHOD 1
Evidence of correctly substituting into l = r
A1
1 2
r
Evidence of correctly substituting into A = 2
A1
For attempting to solve these equations

eliminating one variable correctly
= 1.6 (= 91.7)
r = 15
(M1)
A1
A1A1
N3
METHOD 2
Setting up and equating ratios
(M1)
24 180
2r r 2
A1A1
Solving gives r = 15
A1
r = 24
1 2
or r 180
2
A1
= 1.6 (= 91.7)
r = 15
= 1.6
A1
(= 91.7)
N3
[6]
59.
(a)
For correct substitution into cosine rule

BD =
A1
4 2 8 2 2 4 8 cos
For factorizing 16, BD =

=
16 5 4 cos
4 5 4 cos
A1
AG
N0
52
(b)
(i)
BD = 5.5653 ...
(A1)
D sin 25
sin CB
12
5.5653
M1A1
sin CBD = 0.911
(ii)
(accept 0.910, subject to AP)
D
CB
= 65.7
Or CBD = 180 their acute angle
= 114
(iii)
N2
A1
N1
(M1)
A1
C
BD
= 89.3
N2
(A1)
BC
5.5653
BC
12
or
sin 89.3 sin 25 sin 89.3 sin 65.7 (or cosine rule)
BC = 13.2
A1
(accept 13.17)
M1A1
A1
Perimeter = 4 + 8 + 12 + 13.2
= 37.2
(c)
1
Area = 2 4 8 sin 40
= 10.3
A1
N2
A1
A1
N1
[16]
60.
(a)
METHOD 1
Note: There are many valid algebraic approaches
to this problem (eg completing the square,
b
x
)
2a . Use the following mark
using
allocation as a guide.
(i)
(ii)
dy
0
Using dx
(M1)
32x + 160 = 0
A1
x=5
A1
N2
A1
N1
ymax = 16(5 ) + 160(5) 256

ymax = 144
METHOD 2
(i)
(ii)
Sketch of the correct parabola (may be seen in part (ii))
M1
x=5
A2
N2
ymax = 144
A1
N1
53
(b)
(i)
z = 10 x
(ii)
z = x + 6 2 x 6 cos Z
(iii)
Substituting for z into the expression in part (ii)
(accept x + z = 10)
2
A2
N2
(M1)
A1
Simplifying 12x cos Z = 20x 64
A1
20 x 64
12 x
Isolating cos Z =
A1
AG
Evidence of using the formula for area of a triangle

1
A 6 x sin Z
2
M1
A 3x sin Z A 2 3 6 x 2 sin 2 Z
4
A1
A = 9x sin Z
(d)
N1
Expanding 100 20x + x = x + 36 12x cos Z
5 x 16
cos Z = 3x
Note: Expanding, simplifying and isolating may
be done in any order, with the final A1
being awarded for an expression that
clearly leads to the required answer.
(c)
A1
AG
Using sin Z = 1 cos Z
for expanding
N0
(A1)
5 x 16
Substituting 3x for cos Z
5 x 16
3x
N0
A1
25 x 2 160 x 256
9x 2
to
A1
for simplifying to an expression that clearly leads to the required answer A1

2
eg A = 9x (25x 160x + 256)

2
A = 16x + 160x 256
(e)
(i)
(ii)
AG
2
144 (is maximum value of A , from part (a))
A1
Amax = 12
A1
N1
Isosceles
A1
N1
[20]
54
61.
(a)
Evidence of choosing the double angle formula

f (x) = 15 sin (6x)
(b)
(M1)
A1
Evidence of substituting for f (x)
N2
(M1)
eg 15 sin 6x = 0, sin 3x = 0 and cos 3x = 0

6x = 0, , 2

,
x = 0, 6 3
A1A1A1
N4
[6]
62.
(a)
(i)
(ii)
OP = PQ (= 3cm)
R1
So OPQ is isosceles
AG
32 32 4 2
Using cos rule correctly eg cos OPQ = 2 3 3
cos OPQ =
9 9 16
2

18
18
sin OPQ =
sin OPQ =
(iv)
AG
2
Evidence of using sin A + cos A = 1

1
(M1)
A1
1
Q
O
P
cos
= 9
(iii)
1
81
N0
N0
M1
80
81
A1
80
9
AG
1
OP PQ sin P
Evidence of using area triangle OPQ = 2
N0
M1
1
80 9
3 3
, 0.9938
2
9
2
eg
Area triangle OPQ =
80
2
20
4.47
A1
N1
55
(b)
OPQ = 1.4594...
(i)
OPQ = 1.46
(ii)
A1
Evidence of using formula for area of a sector
N1
(M1)
1 2
3 1.4594
eg Area sector OPQ = 2
= 6.57
(c)
P
QO
=
1.4594
0.841
2
1 2
4 0.841
Area sector QOS = 2
= 6.73
(d)
A1
N2
(A1)
A1
A1
Area of small semi-circle is 4.5 (= 14.137...)
A1
Evidence of correct approach
M1
N2
eg Area = area of semi-circle area sector OPQ area sector QOS +

area triangle POQ
Correct expression
A1
eg 4.5 6.5675... 6.7285... + 4.472..., 4.5 (6.7285... + 2.095...),

4.5 (6.5675... + 2.256...)
Area of the shaded region = 5.31
A1
N1
[17]
63.
(a)
p = 30
A2
(b)
METHOD 1
2
Period = q
= 2
q=4
(M2)
(A1)
A1
56
METHOD 2
1
Horizontal stretch of scale factor = q
1
scale factor = 4
q=4
(M2)
(A1)
A1
4
[6]
64.
(a)
(b)
(c)
2
2
using the cosine rule (A2) = b + c 2bc cos A
2
2
2
substituting correctly BC = 65 +104 2 (65) (104) cos 60
= 4225 + 10816 6760 = 8281
BC = 91 m
1
finding the area, using 2 bc sin A
1
substituting correctly, area = 2 (65) (104) sin 60
= 1690 3 (Accept p = 1690)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(d)
(i)
(M1)
A1
A1
(M1)
A1
A1
1
A1 = 2 (65) (x) sin 30
65x
= 4
AG
1
A2 = 2 (104) (x) sin 30
= 26x
M1
A1
65x
starting A1 + A2 = A or substituting 4 + 26x = 1690 3
169x
simplifying 4 = 1690 3
A1
(M1)
A1
4 1690 3
169
x=
A1
x = 40 3 (Accept q = 40)
A1
Recognizing that supplementary angles have equal sines
C
B sin AD
B
eg ADC = 180 AD
= sin AD
R1
57
(ii)
using sin rule in ADB and ACD
(M1)
sin 30
65
BD
BD
B
B
sin 30 sin AD
65 sin AD
A1
DC 104 DC sin 30
B 104 sin AD
C
sin 30 sin AD
and
M1
C
B = sin AD
since sin AD
BD DC BD 65
65 104
DC 104
A1
BD 5
DC 8
AG
5
[18]
65.
(a)
1
A r 2
2
1
27 (1.5) r 2
2
(b)
(M1)(A1)
r 36
(A1)
r 6 cm
(A1) (C4)
Arc length r 1.5 6
(M1)
Arc length = 9 cm
Note: Penalize a total of (1 mark) for missing units.
(A1) (C2)
[6]
66.
(a)
when y 0 (may be implied by a sketch)
8
or 2.79
9
(A1)
(A1) (C2)
58
(b)
METHOD 1
Sketch of appropriate graph(s)
Indicating correct points
x 3.32 or x 5.41
(M1)
(A1)
(A1)(A1)(C2)(C2)
METHOD 2
sin x
9
2
7
11
x
9 6 ,
9
6
7
11
6 9,
6 9
19
31
x
18 ,
18
(A1)(A1)
( x 3.32, x 5.41)
(A1)(A1)(C2)(C2)
[6]
67.
(a)
for using cosine rule
b 2 c 2 2ab cos C
BC 2 152 17 2 2 15 17 cos 29
(M1)
(A1)
BC 8.24 m
(A1) (N0)
Notes: Either the first or the second line may be implied, but
not both. Award no marks if 8.24 is obtained by assuming a
right (angled) triangle (BC = 17 sin 29).
(i)
29
17
85
B
A C$B 180 (29 85) 66o

for using sine rule (may be implied)
(M1)
AC
17
sin 85o sin 66o
(A1)
AC
17sin85o
sin 66o
AC (18.5380K ) 18.5 m
(A1) (N2)
59
(ii)
Area
1
17 18.538... sin 29o
2
(A1)
2
76.4 m 2 (Accept 76.2 m )
(c)
B
AC
from previous triangle 66
(A1) (N1)
Therefore alternative ACB 180 66 114 (or 29 85)
(A1)
180 (29 114) 37o

ABC
A
29
114
17
37
B
AC
17
o
sin 37 sin114o
(M1)(A1)
AC (11.19906K ) 11.2 m
(d)
(A1) (N1)
29
17
B
Minimum length for BC when ACB = 90or diagram

showing right triangle
sin 29o
(M1)
CB
17
CB 17sin 29o
CB (8.2417K ) 8.24 m
(A1) (N1)
2
[14]
68.
(a)
(i)
1
f ( x) 2cos 2 x sin x
2
cos 2 x sin x
(A1)(A1) (N2)
60
2
Note: Award (A1)(A1) for 2sin x sin x 1 only if work
shown, using product rule on sin x cos x cos x .
(ii)
(iii)
2sin 2 x sin x 1 (2sin x 1)(sin x 1) or

2 (sin x 0.5) (sin x 1)
2sin x 1 or sin x 1
sin x
x
(b)
(c)
(i)
(A1) (N1)
1
2
5
3
(0.524) x
(2.62) x
(4.71)
6
6
2
0.524
6
(A1)(A1)(A1)(N1)
(N1)(N1)
6
(A1) (N1)
EITHER
curve crosses axis when
Area 2 f ( x) dx
6
5
6
2 (may be implied)
(A1)
f ( x ) dx
(M1)(A1) (N3)
OR
Area =
(ii)
5
6
f ( x ) dx
(M1)(A2) (N3)
Area 0.875 0.875
(M1)
1.75
(A1) (N2)
5
[12]
61
69.
1
Using area of a triangle = 2 ab sin C
(M1)
1
20 (10)(8) sin Q
2
(A1)(A1)(A1)
Note: Accept any letter for Q

sin Q = 0.5
(A1)
R
PQ
= 30 or 6 or 0.524
(A1) (C6)
[6]
70.
(a)
b=6
(A1) (C1)
(b)
y
(A3) (C3)
(c)
x = 1.05
(accept (1.05, 0.896) ) (correct answer only, no additional

solutions)
(A2) (C2)
[6]
71.
(a)
3(1 2 sin x) + sin x = 1

2
6 sin x sin x 2 = 0 (p = 6, q = 1, r = 2)
(b)
(3 sin x 2)(2 sin x + 1)
(A1)
(A1) (C2)
(A1)(A1) (C2)
62
(c)
4 solutions
(A2) (C2)
[6]
72.
1
1
2
2
Area of large sector 2 r = 2 16 1.5
= 192
(M1)
(A1)
1
1
2
2
Area of small sector 2 r = 2 10 1.5
= 75
(M1)
(A1)
Shaded area = large area small area = 192 75

= 117
(M1)
(A1) (C6)
[6]
73.
(a)
y
2
1 .5
1
0 .5
0
0 .5
1 .5
2 .5
3 .5 x
0 .5
1
1 .5
2
(b)
(A1)(A1) (C2)
Note: Award (A1) for the graph crossing the y-axis between 0.5
and 1, and (A1) for an approximate sine curve crossing the xaxis twice. Do not penalize for x >3.14.
1

(Maximum) x = 0.285 4 2
x = 0.3 (1 dp)
3 1

(Minimum) x = 1.856 4 2
x = 1.9 (1 dp)
(A1)
(A1) (C2)
(A1)
(A1) (C2)
[6]
74.
1
Area of a triangle = 2 3 4 sin A
(A1)
63
1
2 3 4 sin A = 4.5
sin A = 0.75
A = 48.6 and A = 131 (or 0.848, 2.29 radians)
Note: Award (C4) for 48.6 only, (C5) for 131 only.
(A1)
(A1)
(A1)(A2) (C6)
[6]
75.
METHOD 1
2
2 cos x = 2 sin x cos x

2
2 cos x 2 sin x cos x = 0
2 cos x(cos x sin x) = 0
cos x = 0, (cos x sin x) = 0
x= 2,x= 4
(M1)
(M1)
(A1)(A1)
(A1)(A1) (C6)
METHOD 2
Graphical solutions
EITHER
2
(M2)
(M2)
for both graphs y = 2 cos x, y = sin 2 x,

OR
for the graph of y = 2 cos x sin 2 x.
THEN
Points representing the solutions clearly indicated

(A1)
1.57, 0.785
(A1)
x= 2,x= 4
(A1)(A1) (C6)
Notes: If no working shown, award (C4) for one correct
answer.
Award (C2)(C2) for each correct decimal answer 1.57, 0.785.
Award (C2)(C2) for each correct degree answer 90, 45.
Penalize a total of [1 mark] for any additional answers.
[6]
64
76.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(i)
10 + 4 sin 1 = 13.4
(A1)
(ii)
At 2100, t = 21
(A1)
10 + 4 sin 10.5 = 6.48
(A1) (N2)
Note: Award (A0)(A1) if candidates use t = 2100 leading to
y = 12.6. No other ft allowed.
(i)
14 metres
(A1)
(ii)
t
t

14 = 10 + 4 sin 2 sin 2 = 1
t = (3.14) (correct answer only)
(M1)
(A1) (N2)
(A1)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
t

10 + 4 sin 2 = 7
t

sin 2 = 0.75
(M1)
t = 7.98
(A1)
(A1) (N3)
depth < 7 from 8 11 = 3 hours

from 2030 2330 = 3 hours
therefore, total = 6 hours
(M1)
(M1)
(A1) (N3)
7
[13]
77.
(a)
(b)
o
Angle A 80
(A1)
AB
5
o
sin 40 sin 80o
(M1)
AB 3.26 cm
(A1) (C3)
1
1
ac sin B (5) (3.26)sin 60o
2
2
Area
2
(M1)(A1)
7.07 (accept 7.06) cm

Note: Penalize once in this question for absence of units.
(A1) (C3)
[6]
65
78.
METHOD 1
1
(5)2 (0.8)
Area sector OAB 2
(M1)
10
(A1)
ON
5cos 0.8
3.483...
(A1)
AN
5sin 0.8
3.586.....
(A1)
1
AON ON AN
2
Area of
2
6.249... (cm )
Shaded area
(A1)
10 6.249..
2
3.75 (cm )
(A1) (C6)
METHOD 2
A
1
ABF (5) 2 (1.6)
2
Area sector
20
1
OAF (5)2 sin1.6
2
Area
12.5
Twice the shaded area 20 12.5 ( 7.5)
(M1)
(A1)
(M1)
(A1)
(M1)
1
(7.5)
Shaded area 2
2
3.75 (cm )
(A1) (C6)
[6]
66
79.
(a)
f ( x) 6sin 2 x
(i)
(ii)
(A1)(A1)
EITHER
f ( x) 12sin x cos x 0
sin x 0 or cos x 0
(M1)
OR
sin 2 x 0 ,
for 0 2 x 2
(M1)
THEN
x 0, ,
2
(b)
(i)
(ii)
(A1)(A1)(A1) (N4)
translation
(A1)
in the y-direction of 1
(A1)
1.11
(A2)
(1.10 from TRACE is subject to AP)
4
[10]
80.
3 = p + q cos 0
3=p+q
1 = p + q cos
1 = p q
(M1)
(A1)
(M1)
(A1)
(a)
p=1
(A1) (C3)
(b)
q=2
(A1) (C3)
[6]
67
81.
Method 1
y
1 .8 0
0
1.80 [3 sf]
2.51 [3 sf]
2 .5 1
(C2)
(G2) (C2)
(G2) (C2)
Method 2
3x = 0.5x + 2 (etc.)
3.5x = 0, 2, 4 or 2.5x = 0, 2, 4
7x = 0, 4, (8) or 5x = 0, 4, (8)
4
4
x = 0, 7 or x = 0, 5
4 4
x = 0, 7 , 5
(M1)
(A1)
(A1)
(A1)(A1)(A1)
(C2)(C2)(C2)
[6]
82.
(a)
1
2
area of sector DC = 4 (2) =
area of segment BDCP = area of ABC
=2
(b)
BP =
1
2
area of semicircle of radius BP = 2 ( 2 ) =
area of shaded region = ( 2) = 2
(A1)
(M1)
(A1) (C3)
(A1)
(A1)
(A1) (C3)
[6]
83.
(a)
OR PQ
68
=qp
10 7

1 3
=
3
2
=
OPQ
(b)
cos
PO
(A1)(A1)
(A1)
PO PQ
PO PQ
(A1)
2
58 ,
PQ 3 2
2
PO PQ = 21 + 6 = 15
15
15
OPQ
58 13
754
cos
(c)
(i)
= 13
(A1)(A1)
(A1)
(AG)
Since OPQ + PQR = 180
cos PQR = cos OPQ
(R1)
15
754
(AG)
69
(ii)
sin PQR =
=
=
15
754
(M1)
529
754
23
754
(A1)
(AG)
OR
cos =
15
754
754
15
(M1)
2
therefore x = 754 225 = 529 x = 23
23
754
sin =
Note: Award (A1)(A0) for the following solution.
(A1)
(AG)
15
754 = 56.89
cos =
sin = 0.8376
23
754 = 0.8376 sin =
23
754
70
(iii)
Area of OPQR = 2 (area of triangle PQR)
1
R
PQ QR sin PQ
=2 2
1
23
13 58
754
=2 2
= 23 sq units.
OR
Area of OPQR = 2 (area of triangle OPQ)
1
7 1 3 10
2
=2
= 23 sq units.
Notes: Other valid methods can be used.
Award final (A1) for the integer answer.
(M1)
(A1)
(A1)
(A1)
(M1)
(A1)(A1)
(A1)
[14]
84.
(a)
PR
9
Sine rule sin35 sin 120

9 sin 35
PR = sin 120
(M1)(A1)
= 5.96 km
(b)
(A1)
EITHER
Sine rule to find PQ
9 sin 25
PQ = sin 120
(M1)(A1)
(A1)
= 4.39 km
OR
2
Cosine rule: PQ = 5.96 + 9 (2)(5.96)(9) cos 25

= 19.29
PQ = 4.39 km
4.39
Time for Tom = 8
5.96
Time for Alan = a
4.39 5.96
Then 8 = a
a = 10.9
(M1)(A1)
(A1)
(A1)
(A1)
(M1)
(A1)
71
(c)
RS = 4QS
2
2
4QS = QS + 81 18 QS cos 35
2
2
3QS + 14.74QS 81 = 0 (or 3x + 14.74x 81 = 0)
QS = 8.20 or QS = 3.29
therefore QS = 3.29
OR
QS
2QS
sinSRQ sin35
1
SRQ
2 sin 35
sin
SRQ = 16.7
Therefore, QSR = 180 (35 + 16.7)

= 128.3
9
QS
SR
sin 128.3 sin16.7 sin 35
(A1)
(M1)(A1)
(A1)
(G1)
(A1)
(M1)
(A1)
(A1)
(A1)
(M1)
9 sin 16.7
9 sin 35

2 sin 128.3
QS = sin 128.3
= 3.29
(A1)
6
[16]
85.
(a)
(i)
(ii)
1
1

4
2 , sin 4
2
cos

sin
4 =0
therefore cos 4
(AG)
cos x + sin x = 0 1 + tan x = 0

tan x = l
(M1)
3
x= 4
(A1)
(A1)
Note: Award (A0) for 2.36.

OR
3
x= 4
(G2)
72
(b)
y = e (cos x + sin x)
dy
dx = ex(cos x + sin x) + ex(sin x + cos x)
(M1)(A1)(A1)
= 2e cos x
(c)
dy
dx = 0 for a turning point 2ex cos x = 0
cos x = 0
x= 2 a= 2
2
2
2
2
y = e (cos
+ sin ) = e
b=e
(M1)
(A1)
(A1)
(A1)
Note: Award (M1)(A1)(A0)(A0) for a = 1.57, b = 4.81.
(d)
d2 y
2
At D, dx = 0
x
2e cos x 2e sin x = 0
x
2e (cos x sin x) = 0
cos x sin x = 0
x= 4
y = e (cos 4 + sin 4 )
(e)
(A1)
(A1)
(M1)
(A1)
2e
(A1)
(AG)
Required area =
(cos x + sin x)dx
(M1)
= 7.46 sq units
(G1)
OR
rea = 7.46 sq units
(G2)
Note: Award (M1)(G0) for the answer 9.81 obtained if the
calculator is in degree mode.
3
4 ex
0
[17]
73
86.
(a)
4
, 0
A is 3
(i)
(ii)
(b)
(A1)(A1) (C2)
B is (0, 4)
(A1)(A1) (C2)
Note: In each of parts (i) and (ii), award C1 if A and B are
interchanged, C1 if intercepts given instead of coordinates.
1
4
Area = 2 4 3
8
= 3 (= 2.67)
(M1)
(A1) (C2)
[6]
87.
(a)
(3 sin x 2)(sin x 3)
(A1)(A1) (C2)
2
Note: Award A1 if 3x 11x + 6 correctly factorized to give

(3x 2)(x 3) (or equivalent with another letter).
(b)
(i)
(3 sin x 2)(sin x 3) = 0
2
sin x = 3
sin x = 3
(ii)
(A1)(A1) (C2)
x = 41.8, 138
(A1)(A1) (C2)
Notes: Penalize [1 mark] for any extra answers and [1 mark]
for answers in radians.
ie Award A1 A0 for 41.8, 138 and any extra answers.
Award A1 A0 for 0.730, 2.41.
Award A0 A0 for 0.730, 2.41 and any extra answers.
[6]
88.
Note: Do not penalize missing units in this question.

(a)
AB
= 12 + 12 2 12 12 cos 75 (A1)
(A1)
= 12 (2 2 cos 75)
2
= 12 2(1 cos 75)
2(1 cos 75)
AB = 12
(AG)
Note: The second (A1) is for transforming the initial expression
to any simplified expression from which the given result can be
clearly seen.
74
(b)
B
PO
= 37.5
BP = 12 tan 37.5
= 9.21 cm
(A1)
(M1)
(A1)
OR
P = 37.5
BPA = 105
BA
AB
BP
sin 105 sin 37.5
AB sin 37.5
BP = sin 105 = 9.21(cm)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(A1)
(M1)
(A1)
(i)
1
1
12 9.21 or 12 12 tan 37.5

2
2
Area OBP =
2
2
= 55.3 (cm ) (accept 55.2 cm )
(M1)
(A1)
(ii)
1
2
Area ABP = 2 (9.21) sin105
2
2
= 41.0 (cm ) (accept 40.9 cm )
(M1)
(A1)
1

75
12 2 75
12 2
or
180
360
Area of sector = 2
2
2
= 94.2 (cm ) (accept 30 or 94.3 (cm ))
(M1)
(A1)
Shaded area = 2 area OPB area sector

2
2
2
= 16.4 (cm ) (accept 16.2 cm , 16.3 cm )
(M1)
(A1)
2
[13]
89.
Note: Do not penalize missing units in this question.

(a)
(i)
(ii)
At release(P), t = 0
s = 48 + 10 cos 0
= 58 cm below ceiling
(M1)
58 = 48 +10 cos 2t
cos 2t = 1
t = 1sec
(M1)
(A1)
(A1)
(A1)
OR
t = 1sec
(G3)
75
(b)
(i)
(ii)
(c)
ds
dt = 20 sin 2t
Note: Award (A1) for 20, and (A1) for sin 2t.
(A1)(A1)
ds
v = dt = 20 sin 2t = 0
(M1)
sin 2 t = 0
1
t = 0, 2 ... (at least 2 values)
(A1)
s = 48 + 10 cos 0 or s = 48 +10 cos
(M1)
= 58 cm (at P)
= 38 cm (20 cm above P)
(A1)(A1)
Note: Accept these answers without working for full marks.
May be deduced from recognizing that amplitude is 10.
48 +10 cos 2t = 60 + 15 cos 4t

t = 0.162 secs(A1)
(M1)
OR
t = 0.162 secs
(d)
12 times
(G2)
(G2)
Note: If either of the correct answers to parts (c) and (d) are
missing and suitable graphs have been sketched, award (G2)
for sketch of suitable graph(s); (A1) for t = 0.162; (A1) for 12.
[16]
90.
(a)
(b)
l = r or ACB = 2 OA
= 30 cm
B
AO
(obtuse) = 2 2
1
1
2
2
Area = 2 r = 2 (2 2)(15)
2
= 482 cm (3 sf)
(M1)
(A1) (C2)
(A1)
(M1)(A1)
(A1) (C4)
[6]
76
91.
B
50
80
70
P
(M1)(A2)
OR
2.5 20 = 50
2.5 32 = 80
2
(M1)(A1)
(A1)
d = 50 + 80 2 50 80 cos 70
d = 78.5 km
(M1)(A1)
(A1) (C6)
[6]
92.
(a)
(i)
(A1) (C1)
(ii)
4 (accept 720)
(A2) (C2)
(b)
y
number of solutions: 4
3 2
(G1)
(A2) (C3)
[6]
77
93.
Statement
(a) Is the statement true for all

real numbers x? (Yes/No)
(b) If not true, example
No
No
x = 0 (cos 0 = 1)
Yes
N/A
x = l (log10 0.1 = 1) (a) (A3) (C3)

(b) (A3) (C3)
Notes: (a) Award (A1) for each correct answer.

(b) Award (A) marks for statements A and B only if NO in
column (a).
Award (A2) for a correct counter example to statement A, (A1)
for a correct counter example to statement B (ignore other
incorrect examples).
Special Case for statement C:
Award (A1) if candidates write NO, and give a valid reason (eg
5
arctan 1 = 4 ).
[6]
94.
(a)
7 2
6
2
sin A sin 45
6
sin A =
(M1)
2
2
2 7 2
(A1)
6
= 7
(AG)
(b)
A
D
B
(i)
C
C BA
BD
+
= 180
h
C
(A1)
78
(ii)
6
sin A = 7
=> A = 59.0 or 121 (3 sf)
=> BCD = 180 (121 + 45)

= 14.0 (3 sf)
(iii)
7 2
BD
2
sin 14 sin 45
=>BD = 1.69
(c)
1
BD h
Area BDC 2
Area BAC 1
BA h
2
BD
= BA
(A1)(A1)
(A1)
(M1)
(A1)
(M1)(A1)
(AG)
OR
1
BD 6 sin 45
Area BCD 2
Area BAC 1
BA 6 sin 45
2
BD
= BA
(M1)(A1)
(AG)
2
[10]
95.
sin B sin 48
5
7
Using sine rule:
5
sin B = 7 sin 48 = 0.5308
(M1)(A1)
(M1)
B = arcsin (0.5308) = 32.06
(M1)(A1)
= 32 (nearest degree)
(A1) (C6)
Note: Award a maximum of [5 marks] if candidates give the
answer in radians (0.560).
[6]
79
96.
(a)
x is an acute angle => cos x is positive.

2
1 sin x
cos x + sin x = 1 => cos x =
(M1)
(M1)
1
=> cos x =
=
(b)
(A1)
8
2 2
9 (= 3 )
(A1) (C4)
1

2
cos 2x = 1 2 sin x = 1 2 3
7
= 9
(M1)
(A1) (C2)
Notes: (a) Award (M1)(M0)(A1)(A0) for
sin 1
cos
= 0.943.
2 sin 1
(b) Award (M1)(A0) for cos
= 0.778.
[6]
97.
(a)
2 sin x = 2(1 cos x) = 2 2 cos x = l + cos x

2
=> 2 cos x + cos x l = 0
(M1)
(A1) (C2)
2
Note: Award the first (M1) for replacing sin x by

2
1 cos x.
2
(b)
2 cos x + cos x 1 = (2 cos x 1)(cos x +1)
(c)
1
cos x = 2 or cos x = l
(A1) (C1)
=> x = 60, 180 or 300

(A1)(A1)(A1) (C3)
Note: Award (A1)(A1)(A0) if the correct answers are given in
5
radians (ie 3 , , 3 , or 1.05, 3.14, 5.24)
[6]
80
98.
(a)
(b)
The smallest angle is opposite the smallest side.

82 7 2 52
cos = 2 8 7
88 11
= 112 14 = 0.7857
Therefore, = 38.2
1
Area = 2 8 7 sin 38.2
2
= 17.3 cm
(M1)
(A1) (C2)
(M1)
(A1) (C2)
[4]
99.
(a)
(b)
3 sin x + 4 cos x = 3(1 cos x) + 4cos x

2
= 3 3 cos + 4 cos x
2
(A1) (C1)
3 sin x + 4 cos x 4 = 0 3 3 cos x + 4 cos x 4 = 0

2
3 cos x 4 cos x + 1 = 0
(A1)
(3 cos x 1)(cos x 1) = 0
1
cos x = 3 or cos x = 1
x = 70.5 or x = 0
(A1)(A1) (C3)
Note: Award (C1) for each correct radian answer, ie x = 1.23
or x = 0.
[4]
100. (a)
(b)
(i)
AP =
( x 8) 2 (10 6) 2 x 2 16 x 80
(ii)
OP =
( x 0) 2 (10 0) 2 x 2 100
cos OPA
AP 2 OP 2 OA 2
2AP OP
(M1) (AG)
(A1)
(M1)
2
( x 16 x 80) ( x 100) (8 6 )
2 x 2 16 x 80 x 2 100
(M1)
2 x 16 x 80
2
2
= 2 x 16 x 80 x 100
x 2 8 x 40
cos OPA
{( x 2 16 x 80)( x 2 100)}
(M1)
(AG)
81
(c)
For x = 8, cos OPA = 0.780869

arccos 0.780869 = 38.7 (3 sf)
(M1)
(A1)
OR
8
tan OPA
10
OPA = arctan (0.8) = 38.7 (3 sf)
(d)
(A1)
OPA = 60 cos OPA = 0.5

x 2 8 x 40
0.5 =
{( x 2 16 x 80)( x 2 100)}
2x 16x + 80
x = 5.63
(e)
(M1)
(i)
(ii)
{( x 2 16 x 80)( x 2 100)}
(M1)
=0
f (x) = 1 when cos OPA = 1
hence, when OPA = 0.

This occurs when the points O, A, P are collinear.
3x
The line (OA) has equation y = 4
40
1
When y = 10, x = 3 (= 13 3 )
(M1)
(G2)
(R1)
(R1)
(R1)
(M1)
(A1)
OR
40
1
x = 3 (= 13 3 )
Note: Award (G1) for 13.3.
(G2)
5
[16]
101. (a)
(b)
1 2
1
r
2 (152)(2)
Area = 2
2
= 225 (cm )
1
2
Area OAB = 2 15 sin 2 = 102.3
2
Area = 225 102.3 = 122.7 (cm )
= 123 (3 sf)
(M1)
(A1) (C2)
(A1)
(A1) (C2)
[4]
82
102. (a)
(b)
B) sin 50
sin (AC
20
17
20 sin 50
sin ( ACB)
17
= 0.901
ACB > 90 ACB = 180 64.3 = 115.7

B
AC
= 116 (3 sf)
In Triangle 1, ACB = 64.3
BAC = 180 (64.3 + 50)

= 65.7
1
2
Area = 2 (20)(17) sin 65.7 = 155 (cm ) (3 sf)
(M1)
(A1) (C2)
(A1)
(A1) (C2)
[4]
103. METHOD 1
The value of cosine varies between 1 and +1. Therefore:
t = 0 a + b = 14.3
t = 6 a b = 10.3
2a = 24.6 a = 12.3
2b = 4.0 b = 2
2(12)
k
Period = 12 hours
= 2
k = 12
(A1) (C1)
(A1) (C1)
(M1)
(A1) (C2)
METHOD 2
y
1 4 .3
1 0 .3
6
12
18
24
t (h )
From consideration of graph: Midpoint = a = 12.3

Amplitude = b = 2
2
2
Period = k = 12
k = 12
(A1) (C1)
(A1) (C1)
(M1)
(A1) (C2)
[4]
104.
83
C
32km
A
48km
B
CA
48 2 32 2 56 2
2( 48)(32)
cos
B
CA
= arccos(0.0625)
86
(M1)(A1)
(A1)
(A1)
[4]
105. (a)
(b)
2 cos x + sin x = 2(1 sin x) + sin x

2
= 2 2 sin x + sin x
(A1)
2 cos x + sin x = 2
2
2 2 sin x + sin x = 2
2
sin x 2 sin x = 0
sin x(1 2 sin x) = 0
1
sin x = 0 or sin x = 2
sin x = 0 x = 0 or (0 or 180)
Note: Award (A1) for both answers.
5
sin x = 2 x = 6 or 6 (30 or 150)
Note: Award (A1) for both answers.
(M1)
(A1)
(A1)
[4]
84
106. (a)
{ 03 .. 55 << xy << 14
(A 1 )
M A X IM U M
P O IN T
(b)
(c)
(d)
3
LEFT
(A 1 )
I N T E R C E P T 3 < x < 3 .5
3 .2 < x < 3 .6
(A 1 )
0 .2 < y < 0
5
3 .5 < x < 4 (A 1 )
M IN IM U M
P O IN T
4
in te g e rs
o n a x is
(A 1 )
x
R IG H T
IN T E R C E P T
5
is a solution if and only if + cos = 0.

Now + cos = + (1)
=0
(M1)
(A1)
(A1)
By using appropriate calculator functions x = 3.696 722 9...

x = 3.69672 (6sf)
(M1)
(A1)
See graph:
(A1)
( x cos x)dx
0
(A1)
85
(e)
( x cos x)dx = 7.86960 (6 sf)

EITHER
0
(A3)
Note: This answer assumes appropriate use of a calculator eg
fnInt (Y1 , X , 0, ) 7.869604401
with Y1 x cos x
fnInt:
( x cos x)dx [x x sin x cos x]

OR
0
= ( 0) + ( sin 0 sin 0) + (cos cos 0)

2
= + 0 + 2 = 7.86960 (6 sf)
(A1)
(A1)
3
[15]
107. (a)
(b)
(c)
(i)
1
Q = 2 (14.6 8.2)
= 3.2
(M1)
(A1)
(ii)
1
P = 2 (14.6 + 8.2)
= 11.4
(M0)
(A1)

t
10 = 11.4 + 3.2 cos 6

7
t
so 16 = cos 6
(M1)
t
therefore arccos 16 6
which gives 2.0236... = 6 t or t = 3.8648. t = 3.86(3 sf)
(A1)
(i)
By symmetry, next time is 12 3.86... = 8.135... t = 8.14 (3 sf)
(A1)
(ii)
From above, first interval is 3.86 < t < 8.14
(A1)
This will happen again, 12 hours later, so

15.9 < t < 20.1
(M1)
(A1)
(A1)
4
[10]
86
108. 3 cos x = 5 sin x

sin x 3
cos x 5
(M1)
tan x = 0.6
(A1)
x = 31 or x = 211 (to the nearest degree)
(A1)(A1)(C2)(C2)
Note: Deduct [1 mark] if there are more than two answers.
[4]
5
12
109. sin A = 13 cos A = 13
12
But A is obtuse cos A = 13
sin 2A = 2 sin A cos A
5 12

13
13
=2
120
= 169
(A1)
(A1)
(M1)
(A1) (C4)
[4]
87
y = sin x x
110. (a)
y
3
2
(1 .2 5 , 1 .7 3 )
3
( 2 .3 , 0 )
(2 .3 , 0 )
( 1 .2 5 , 1 .7 3 )
2
3
(b)
x = 2.31
(c)
(A5)
Notes: Award (A1) for appropriate scales marked on the axes.
Award (A1) for the x-intercepts at (2.3, 0).
Award (A1) for the maximum and minimum points at (1.25,
1.73).
Award (A1) for the end points at (3, 2.55).
Award (A1) for a smooth curve.
Allow some flexibility, especially in the middle three marks
here.
(A1)
( sin x x)dx cos x
x2
C
2
(A1)(A1)
Note: Do not penalize for the absence of C.
( sin x x)dx
Required area = 0
= 0.944
(M1)
(G1)
OR
(G2)
area = 0.944
4
[10]
88
111. (a)
30
Acute angle 30
(M1)
Note: Award the (M1) for 30 and/or quadrant diagram/graph
seen.
2nd quadrant since sine positive and cosine negative
= 150
(A1) (C2)
1
2
(b)
tan 150 = tan 30 or tan 150 =

1
tan 150 = 3
3
2
(M1)
(A1) (C2)
[4]
112. (a)
PQ
40 = tan 36
PQ 29.1 m (3 sf)
(A1) (C1)
89
(b)
B
30
40m
Q
70
A
B
AQ
= 80
AB
40
sin 80 sin 70
(A1)
(M1)
Note: Award (M1) for correctly substituting.

AB = 41 9. m (3 sf)
(A1) (C3)
[4]
113. Perimeter = 5(2 1) + 10

(M1)(A1)(A1)
Note: Award (M1) for working in radians; (A1) for 2 1; (A1)
for +10.
= (10 + 5) cm (= 36.4, to 3 sf)
(A1) (C4)
[4]
90
3x
114. From sketch of graph y = 4 sin

or by observing sin 1.
k > 4, k < 4
(M2)
(A1)(A1)(C2)(C2)
4
3
2
1
2
1
2
3
4
[4]
91
115. (a)(i) & (c)(i)

y
1
( 1 .1 , 0 .5 5 )
R
( 1 .5 1 , 0 )
0
( 2 , 1 .6 6 )
2
(A3)
Notes: The sketch does not need to be on graph paper. It should
have the correct shape, and the points (0, 0), (1.1, 0.55), (1.57,
0) and (2, 1.66) should be indicated in some way.
Award (A1) for the correct shape.
Award (A2) for 3 or 4 correctly indicated points, (A1) for 1 or 2
points.
(ii)
(b)
Approximate positions are

positive x-intercept (1.57, 0)
maximum point (1.1, 0.55)
end points (0, 0) and (2, 1.66)
x cos x = 0
x 0 cos x = 0
x= 2
(A1)
(A1)
(A1)(A1)
(M1)
(A1)
Note: Award (A2) if answer correct.
92
(c)
(i)
(ii)
(d)
see graph
2
0
x2
(A1)
cos x dx
(A2)
Note: Award (A1) for limits, (A1) for rest of integral correct (do
not penalize missing dx).
Integral = 0.467
(G3)
OR
Integral = x
/2
sin x 2 x cos x 2 sin x 0

(1) 2 (0) 2(1)
4
2
[0 + 0 0]
=
= 2 2 (exact) or 0.467 (3 sf)
(M1)
(M1)
(A1)
3
[15]
116. (a)
(b)
(c)
From graph, period = 2
(A1)
Range = {y 0.4 < y < 0.4}
(A1)
(i)
(ii)
d
2
f (x) = dx {cos x (sin x) }
2
3
= cos x (2 sin x cos x) sin x (sin x) or 3 sin x + 2 sin x(M1)(A1)(A1)
Note: Award (M1) for using the product rule and (A1) for each
part.
f (x) = 0
2
sin x{2 cos x sin x} = 0 or sin x{3 cos x 1} = 0
2
3 cos x 1 = 0
1

cos x = 3
(A1)
At A, f (x) > 0, hence cos x =
(iii)
f (x) =
1

3
1

3
2 1
2
3
3 9
= 3
(M1)
(A1)
1

3
(R1)(AG)
(M1)
(A1)
93
(d)
(e)
x= 2
(i)
(ii)
(A1)
(cos x)(sin x)
Area =
/2
1
dx sin 3 x c
3
1
(cosx)(sin x) 2 dx
3
(M1)(A1)
sin
(sin 0) 3
1
= 3
(f)
At C f (x) = 0
3
9 cos x 7 cos x = 0
2
cos x(9 cos x 7) = 0
7
x = 2 (reject) or x = arccos 3 = 0.491 (3 sf)
(M1)
(A1)
(M1)
(M1)
(A1)(A1)
4
[20]
117. Note: Award (M1) for identifying the largest angle.

42 52 7 2
cos = 2 4 5
1
=5
= 101.5
(M1)
(A1)
(A1)
OR Find other angles first

= 44.4
= 34.0
= 101.6
(M1)
(A1)(A1) (C4)
Note: Award (C3) if not given to the correct accuracy.

[4]
118. AB = r
1 2
2
r
r
= 2
2
= 21.6 5.4
= 8 cm
(M1)(A1)
(A1)
(A1)
94
1
2
OR 2 (5.4) = 21.6
4
= 2.7 (= 1.481 radians)
AB = r
(M1)
(A1)
4
= 5.4 2.7
= 8 cm
(M1)
(A1) (C4)
[4]
119. (a)
OA
OB
=6
A is on the circle
(A1)
=6
B is on the circle.
(A1)
C is on the circle.
(A1)
OC
11
= 25 11
=6
(b)
AC OC OA
5 6

11 0
=
=
(c)
11
AO AC
cos OA C
AO AC
(M1)
(A1)
(M1)
0
=
.
11
6 1 11
6
= 6 12
1
3
6
= 2 3
(A1)
(A1)
95
6 2 ( 12 ) 2 6 2
cos OA C
2 6 12
OR
1
12 as before
(M1)(A1)
(A1)
OR using the triangle formed by AC and its horizontal and

vertical components:
AC 12
cos OA C
(A1)
1
12
(M1)(A1)
Note: The answer is 0.289 to 3 sf

(d)
A number of possible methods here

BC OC OB
5 6
11 0
=
=
11
11
(A1)
(A1)
BC = 132
1
132 12
ABC = 2
(A1)
= 6 11
(A1)
OR ABC has base AB = 12

and height = 11
(A1)
1
12 11
area = 2
= 6 11
OR Given
cos BA C
(A1)
(A1)
3
6
33
1
33
sin BA C
ABC 12 12
6
2
6
= 6 11
(A1)
(A1)(A1)(A1)
(A1)
4
[12]
96
1
2
120. tan x = 3
(M1)
1
tan x = 3
x = 30 or x = 150
(M1)
(A1)(A1)(C2)(C2)
[4]
121. h = r so 2r = 100 r = 50
l = 10 = 2r
2 50
= 10
2 5 2
= 10
= 2 = 4.44 (3sf)
(M1)
(M1)
(A1)
(A1) (C4)
Note: Accept either answer.

[4]
122. (a)
(b)
f (1) = 3
EITHER
OR
f (5) = 3
distance between successive maxima = period
=51
=4
2
Period of sin kx = k ;
2
so period = 2
=4
(A1)(A1)
(M1)
(A1)
(AG)
(M1)
(A1)
(AG)
97
(c)
(d)
EITHER A sin 2 + B = 3 and A sin 2 + B = 1

(M1) (M1)
A + B = 3, A + B = 1
(A1)(A1)
A = 2, B = 1
(AG)(A1)
OR Amplitude = A
(M1)
3 ( 1) 4
2
2
A=
(M1)
A=2
(AG)
Midpoint value = B
(M1)
3 ( 1) 2
2
2
B=
(M1)
B=1
(A1)
Note: As the values of A = 2 and B = 1 are likely to be quite
obvious to a bright student, do not insist on too detailed a
proof.

x
f (x) = 2 sin 2 + 1

2 cos x
2 +0
f (x) = 2
(M1)(A2)

Note: Award (M1) for the chain rule, (A1) for 2 , (A1) for

x
2 cos 2 .

x
= cos 2
(A1)
Notes: Since the result is given, make sure that reasoning is

valid. In particular, the final (A1) is for simplifying the result of
the chain rule calculation. If the preceding steps are not valid,
this final mark should not be given. Beware of fudged results.
(e)
(i)

x
y = k x is a tangent = cos 2

x
1 = cos 2
(A1)
2 x = or 3 or ...
x = 2 or 6 ...
(A1)
Since 0 x 5, we take x = 2, so the point is (2, 1)
(M1)
(A1)
98
(ii)
(f)
Tangent line is: y = (x 2) + 1

y = (2 + 1) x
k = 2 + 1
f (x) = 2 2 sin 2
(M1)
(A1)
+1=2
1
x
sin 2 2
5 13
x or or
6
6
6
2
1 5 13
or or
3
x= 3 3
(A1)
(A1)
(A1)(A1)(A1)
5
[24]
99

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1.

e.g. sin 2x = 2sin x cos x, 2cos x = 2sin x cos x

e.g. 0 = 2sin x cos x 2cos x, 2cos x (1 sin x) = 0

identifying symmetry with h(2) = 9.5

e.g. 100 h(2), 100 9.5

e.g. h(21) = h(1)

evidence of a quotient involving 20, 2 or 360 to find b

(accept b =18 if working in degrees)

evidence of choosing cosine rule

e.g. a + b 2ab cos C

e.g. 7 + 9 2(7)(9) cos 120

sin A sin 120

e.g. amplitude is half the diameter

e.g. a sin bt = 4 and sin bt has amplitude of 1

e.g. 2 = 4 sin 30b + 2, sin 30b = 0

recognizing h(t) = 0.5 (seen anywhere)

e.g. sketch of h, finding h

e.g. sketch of h showing intersection, 0.5 =

e.g. h(t) < 0 so underwater; h(t) > 0 so not underwater

e.g. h(19.4) = 1.19

e.g. the bucket is underwater, yes

e.g. h(t) < 0 so underwater; h(t) > 0 so not underwater

e.g. solving h(t) = 0, graph showing region below x-axis

e.g. 17.5, 27.5

e.g. the bucket is underwater, yes

evidence of choosing cosine rule

e.g. x = 25 + 36 2(25)(36) cos 86

evidence of finding height, h

e.g. two triangles plus rectangle, trapezium area formula

2 2 cos 2 sin 2 2 sin , 2 sin 2 2 4 cos

e.g. 4 sin + 2(2 sin cos )

e.g. y = 5, 4 sin + 2 sin 2 = 5

e.g. a sketch, 4 sin + 2 sin 5 = 0

recognition that lower area value occurs at = 2

finding value of area at = 2

recognition that maximum value of y is needed

4 < A < 5.20 (accept 4 < A < 5.19)

(g f)(x) = 2(cos (2x)) 1 (= 2 cos (2x) 1)

evidence of 2 cos 1 = cos 2 (seen anywhere)

evidence of using anti-differentiation

evidence of finding the amplitude

evidence of appropriate approach using AC

substituting value of x into either expression for AC

evidence of choosing cosine rule

correct substitution into area formula

evidence of substitution into formula for area of triangle

evidence of substitution into formula for area of sector

evidence of substituting areas

area of shaded region = 2.19 cm

attempt to set up an equation for area of sector

evidence of choosing cosine rule

evidence of choosing sine rule

e.g. sin0.985 sin 1.08

evidence of using half of triangle EOF

evidence of valid approach (seen anywhere)

attempt to substitute 1 2 sin for cos 2

evidence of appropriate approach to solve

finding the scalar product

correct position vector for u; direction vector for v

accept in equation e.g.

any correct equation in the form r = a + tb, where b = BD

correct substitution into the formula for the area of a triangle

evidence of choosing the cosine rule