T+beam+roof+slab INDIA

Design of T-Beam Roof Slab
Name of work:-
PKN
1 Room size
6.00
2 R.C.C. supported Beam
0.30
300
mm
3 End bearing on wall
0.40
400
mm
4 Suer imposed load
2000
N/m2
5 Concrete
10.00
Floor finishing
600
N/m2
25000
13.33
N/m3
mcbc
20
7
Grade
N/mm2
Unit weight concrete

m
fy
415
N/mm2
Tensile stress
230
N/mm2
7 Nominal cover Slab
15
mm
Effective cover
20
mm
8 Nominal cover Beam
25
mm
Effective cover
35
mm
9 Reinfocement
Slab main
mm
170
mm c/c
Slab Distribution
mm
410
mm c/c
Beam main
25
mm
2 lgde strirrups
mm
300
6 Steel
3250
8 mm @
8 mm @
400
650
170
340
810
3500
10000 mm
mm c/c
mm c/c
8 mm @
8 mm @
875
700
410
170
mm c/c
mm c/c
810
400
650
100
mm
25 mm
4 Nos.
600
mm c/c
3250
875
440
Nos.
440
300
700
300
(a) Section of the slab

2
400
Nos
25
4
25
mm
Nos
mm
2 x12 mmtop holding bars

8 mm 2 ldge srirrups @
300 mm c/c
300
330
330
6000
(b) L- Section of Beam
400
pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in
Based on R.C.C. design by B.C. Punmia example 7.12

Name of work:-
PKN
Room size
6.00
10.00
R.C.C. supported Beam
0.30
300
mm
End bearing on wall
0.40
400
mm
Suer imposed load
2000
N/m2
Concrete
Steel
Floor finishing
600
mcbc
20
7
Grade
N/mm2

m
fy
415
N/mm2
Tensile stress
230
Nominal cover Slab
15
mm
Effective cover
20
Nominal cover Beam
25
mm
Effective cover
35
Reinfocement
Slab main
mm
170
mm c/c
Slab Distribution
mm
410
mm c/c
Beam main
25
mm
2 lgde strirrups
mm
300
3250
8 mm @
8 mm @
400
650
170
340
810
3500
10000 mm
mm c/c
mm c/c
8 mm @
8 mm @
875
700
mm c/c
410
170
mm c/c
mm c/c
810
25 mm
4 Nos.
600
Nos.
3250
875
440
25000
13.33
650
440
300
700
300

2
400
Nos
25
4
25
mm
Nos
mm

8 mm 2 ldge srirrups @
300 mm c/c
300
330
330
6000
N/m2
N/m3
N/mm2
mm
mm
400
100
mm
400
15
115
20
45
33
44
18
40
20
41
20
40
18
40
16
300
400
600
###
mm
mm
N/mm2
N/m3
34

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Room size
End bearing on wall
External load
Concrete
M
cbc
Steel
Nominal Cover
6.00
x
0.30 m
0.40 mtr
2000 N/m2
20
7
10.00 mtr
=
=
Floor finishing =
Unit weight concrete =
N/mm2
13.33
st =
fy 415 N/mm2
15 mm
230 N/mm2
20
mm
Effective cover
Solution :Let us keepend sapn of slab slightly less than the middle span so that approximately
(I) End span =
3.10 m (clear)
(II) middle span =
3.20 m (clear)
The clear span of each T B 6.00 m while the R.C. slab monolithic with the
beam will be continous over the three span
Design ConstFor HYSD Bars
Cocrete M =
20
st =
cbc =
m
k=
230 N/mm2
7
13.33
m*c
N/mm
m*c+st
j=1-k/3
1
R=1/2xc x j x k
0.5 x
wt. of concrete
### N/mm2
13.33
13.33
x
0.289
0.90 x
230
0.289
0.289
0.904
0.913
(A) Design of continous slab:let us assume total thickness of slab =

100 mm and effective thickness
Effective span;the width of the supports is more than 1/12the clear span
.Effective end span =
clear span +1/2 effective slab=
3.10 +
Effective middle =
=
clear distance between supports
2 Caculcation of B.M. :Overall depth of slab
self weight of Slab
Super imposed live load
For end span
w .L2
Md (near the center)=d
x
1000
12
Ms (Due to
ws.L2
x
1000
super imposed
10
load)=
For intermidiate span :w L2
Md (at the middle)= d.
x
24
w L2
Ms (at interior supports )d.
x
=
x
=
=
1000
1000
100 mm, consider 1 mtre width of slab

1.00
x
0.10
x
### =
Total =
1
x
2000
=
2500 x
3.14
3.14
12
2000 x
10
2500 x
2500
0.04
24
x
2500
2500
2000
1000
2054083
1000
1971920
Total
4026003
1000
1066667
1000
2560000
3.20
3.20
Ms (at interior supports )

x
1000
=
12
At the supports next to end supports
w L2
Md (at the middle)= d.
x
1000
=
10
ws.L2
Ms =
x
1000
=
9
10
2500 x
3.14
10
2500 x
3.14
10
1000
2560000
Total
3626667
1000
2464900
1000
2464900
Total
4929800
3 Design of section :The effective depth will be calculated on the basis of maximum bending moment
out of four value calculated above.
Effective depth
=
required
Rxb
4929800
0.913
x
1000
=
=
Let us check this depth from stiffness (deflection)point of view. Span /effective depth ratio
k.c 100
0.289 x
=
2
2. st
=
we get from fig 7.1 modification factore
For a balance section, % of reinforcement- For M-20

=
Takin
gpt
0.25
7
x
73
26
100
230
1.70
=
1.70
x
26
=
44.2
d=
/
44.2
span /
3100
=
70 mm for end span
depth
3200
/
44.2
=
72 mm
And d for inetrmidia =
keep
=
73
+
20
=
100
effective d =
100
15
over
4
all d
Since the diffences between various bending moments is not large, reinforcement found for large will
provided for other moments also.
4 :-
The maximum bending moment in end span (1) in intermidiate span (2) and at the support next to end
(3) are nearly equal. Hence same reinforcement will be provided in all span .
4929800
BM
Ast =
=
=
293
mm2
230
x
0.904
x
81
st x j x D
3.14xdia2
3.14
x
8
x
8
using
8
A
=
=
mm bars
4 x100
4
x
100
Pitch s =
= 1000 x As
/A
=
1000
x
50 /
293 =
171.5
say
mm
bar,
8
170 mm c/c middle of each span.
Hence Provided
Bent up alternate bars from the bottom at a distance of L/5=
=
3140 /
5 =
620
center of intermidiate supports and at L/ 7 3140 /
7 =
450 mm from the end support.
mmbars @
Thus reinforcement available at each intermidiate support will be=
8
170
296
1000 x
50.2
Actual provided
=
=
296 mm2 pt
=
x
100
170
1000
x
100
Distribution reinforcement:.12 xb xd
1000 x
100
0.12 x
Ast =
=
=
120
mm2
100
100
3.14xdia2
3.14
x
8
x
8
using
8
A
=
=
mm bars
4 x100
4
x
100
Pitch s =
= 1000 x As
/A
=
1000
x
50.2 /
120 =
418.7
say
and also less than
the above pitch is less than 5 time depth of slab = 5xd = 500 mm
8
Hence =
mm bars @
mm
c/c.
410
Check for shear :-
V = 0.4wd .L+0.45 ws .L at the outer supports

0.4 x
2500 +
0.45 x
2000 )x
3.14 =
5966
V
5966
=
=
0.074
N/mm2
bxd
1000
x
81
100
x
148
tc
=
0.18
%
=
0.19
%
For M
1000
x
81
than permissible value of tc
=
0.19 N/mm2
Hence safe
=(
tv
100.As
bxd
0.074 <
20
5 Check for devlopment length at supports:The code stipulates that at the diameter of bars should be such that
1.3xM1
L0
the following Eq.is satisfied at the end of supports
=
+
>
V
0.5
2491986
where M =
x
296 x
230
x
0.904
x
81
=
Side cover x'
=
25 mm is provided at side (end)
and the slab has a support of
=
400 mm width without providing any hook or bend
Ld
v=
1.3 xM1
V
=(
400
2
25
)=
L0
1.3
Devlopment length Ld
Alternatively, Ld
Thus
st
4 bd
= 45
1.3x
718
=
=
M1
V
>
175 mm
(with out providing any hook or bend)
2491986
5966
8
x
4
x(
1.6
45
L0
>
175
718 mm
230
x
=
0.8
359
360 mm
Ld
360 Hence Code requirement are satisfied
(B) Design of T beam

Let width of web bw
=
300 mm
lo
bf =
+
bw
+
6Df
=
6
1 load calculation per metre unit weight of slab =
3.10
Load from slab
= (wd+ws) x
+
0.30
+
2
Weight of web (assuming depth of rib) =
300 mm
Effective span =
6400
+
300
+
6
0 N/m3
3.20
=(
2500
+
2
=
0.3
x
6.40
6
100
2000
)x
3.45
0.3
Total w
25000
2 Design of section
M
wL2
8
for balance section, we have

or
###
x
8
6.40
0.45bf.c.Df
0.45
1967
346.49
0.289
d-
100
200 d =
=
### +
###
/
34649
200 =
100
2x
1000
91008000
2kcd-Df
kc
d100
=
0.289
91008000
1967 x
7.00
or
49340
say
250
0.289
0.45 x
247 mm
3 Area of steel:Area of steel =
d-
Df
250
100
200
mm
91008000
mm
Area of steel =
d-
=
=
250
2
2
Alternatively a=
0.9.d =
0.9
x
250
=
225 mm
Adopt d =
210 mm, for primilnary calculation.
91008000
BM
=
Area of steel, Ast =
230
x
210
st xa
2
3.14xdia
using 25
mm bars
A
=
=
4 x 100
Nomber of Bars = Ast/A
=
1884
/
491 =
4
25 mm bar,
Hence Provided
bars of
having,
Ast
=
300 mm keeping '=
300
25
-
Provide D =
Available d =
4
25
8
200
mm
=
3.14
1884
x
4
3.84
1963 mm2
x
491 =
mm nominal cover and using
25
/
2
=
25
x
say
mm2
x
100
=
255
25
4
mmRing
mm
4 Determination of actual N.A. and stress.:Thus the section is complete known However, we have determine the actual stress included
in section. To find the position of N.A., we have from Eq.
N.A. =
bf
x
Df
x(
n
Df/2
)=
m
x
Ast
x(
d
=
1967
x
100
x(
n
50
)= 13.33
x
1963
x(
255
196667
9833333
x
n
=
6670832
26160.125
196667
n
+
6670832
+
9833333
26160.125 n
=
74 mm thus, the N.A. falls in the flange.
=
n
=
16504165
/
222827
N.A. falls in the flange, we have N.
=
=
n2
=
6784
2
b +b -4.a.c
2 a
or
Avrage stress in steel

corresponding
stress In concrete is
given by
5 Check for Sheart:###
wl
V=
2
d=
=
x
2
n
3
m
Ast xa
t
m
6.00
n2
n2
or
26.60
n2+
+
or
26.60
+(
or
26.60
+(
or
26.60
255
140
70
3
+
2
/
or
a.=
bf / 2 x
1967
x
2
26.6
n
n
=
=
=
x
91008000
1963
x
232
200
n
=
13.33
d-n
Ast
x(
13.33
1963
x(
255
26.60 n
6783.896822
708
-4x 1.00
x
-6784
x
2
1
708
-27135.5872881356
2
27843.33
)1/2
2
x
1
167
2
232
mm
200
N/mm2
70
255 -
V
=
bxd
100As
Assuming that at the ends, 2
bars will be bent up available
=
bxd
Hence from Table permissible shear (tc)for M 20 concrete, for
1.28 %
Since tv >
tc
Shear reinforcement necessary
shear resistance of concrete Vc=tc. Bd= 0.42
300 x
255
=
x
=
53325
N tv
70
70
mm
>
73
5.7
53325
255
300 x
100
x
981
300
x
255
steel =
0.42
32130
bars at distance of
2 a
2
= 2
mm bars, let us bend
=
1.414
x
232
=
from the edge of the supports.
330 mm
2
3.14xdia
3.14
x
25
x
25
Area of cross -section of 2
bend up bars
=
4 x100
4
x
100
=
2
x
491
=
982 mm2
Area of bent up bars
Nos.bent up bars
Shear resistance of 2
vs =
sv . Asv . sin
Sin 45
vs =
sv
A
230
x
982
x
0.707
=
159683.02
sin =
x
x
sv
Out of
-25
###
subject to a max. of V / 2 =
/
2
=
26662.5
N
This is
> than the S.F. it self. Through shear resistance of concrete (v 2 = tc. bd )
is additionally available, we will have to provide nominal shear stirrups.
3.14xdia2
3.14
x
using
8
=
=
mm bars area
4 x100
4
using
mm
lgd stirrups area
the maximum spacing of stirrups is given by

nce Provided
mm 2 lgd stirrups, @
=
2.175 x Asv.x fy
x
=
50.2
2.18
300
=
x
8
x
100.4
100.4 x
8
100
mm2
415
300 mm c/c throughout the length of beam.
6 check for development length at the end.

L0
Ld
+
>
Ast available at end.=
V
M1
= moment of resistance of section, assuming all reinforcement stress at st
M1
"= Ast x st x a
230
=
981
x
x
232
=
52359500
N-mm
Alternatively, Ld
53325 N
V =
= 45
=
45
x
25
Let us assume the width of supports equal to
= 400 mm and a side cover x'
25
Assuming no hook provided
Ls
400
we have, Lo=(
x'
=
25
=
175
2
2
1.3 xM1
52359500
L0
+
=
1.3
x
+
175
=
1451
mm
V
53325
=
1451
>
1125
Hence Code requirement are satisfied
The code requires that
1.3xM1
16
34
26
80
=
=
3.14 m
3.20 m
2500
2500
2000
mm
N/m
N/m
N/m
2054083
N-mm
1971920
N-mm
4026003
N-mm (+1)
1066667
N-M
(iii)
2560000
N-M
(iv)
2
0.6
9.40
3.10
3.20
3.40
3.50
0.30
3.40
3.10
3.20
3.10
10.00
fig 1
No beam
space by bea
Net space for
space for end
space for mid
10.00
6.00
no of span =
m
m
m
m
2560000
N-M
(iv)
3626667
N-mm (+2)
2464900
N-mm
2464900
N-mm
4929800
N-mm (+3)
73
mm
for contin slab
0.44
81
mm
m for end span

=
ment found for large will be
the support next to end support
=
=
50.2
mm2
171 mm
mm from
mm c/c
=
=
0.300
50.2
mm2
419 mm
450 mm.
concrete
5966
y hook or bend)
mm
m
=
1967
mm
15525
N/m
=
=
2250
17775
N/m
N/m
91008000
kN-m
91008000
491
mm2
No.
mmRing
n
n
26160.125 n
9833333
-
n)
6783.896822
-6784
)
)
)1/2
Fail
<
0.7
1.28
N/mm2
N
mm2
N
mm2
232
mm
491
mm2
0.707
x
of the supports.
159683.02
50.2
mm2
302
mm
981
=
mm,
1125 mm
mm
satisfied
mm2
10.00
3.40
3.50
3.40
3.20
3.10
space available
no of span proposed
No beam required
space required for beam
Net total space for span
space for end span
space for middle span
0.30
6.00
3.10
fig 1
Name of work:-
PKN
3250
8
400
3500
mm @
mm @
650
170
340
810
3250
mm
10000
mm c/c
mm c/c
8
8
875
mm @
mm @
875
440
25
600
410
170
810
mm
Nos.
300
200
700
300

400
Nos
25
25
4
mm
mm
Nos

8
300
mm 2 ldge srirrups @
mm c/c
300
330
6000 mm
Nos.
space available
no of span proposed
No beam required
space required for beam
Net total space for span
space for end span
space for middle span
3
2
2
1
mm c/c
mm c/c
width
6.00
0.30
0.60
9.40
3.10
3.20
400
650
100
440
400
ge srirrups @
330
m
m
m
m
total
total
total
length
10.00
6.20
3.20
9.40
m
m
m
VALUES OF DESIGN CONSTANTS

Grade of concrete
Modular Ratio
M-15
18.67
M-20
13.33
M-25
10.98
M-30
9.33
M-35
8.11
M-40
7.18
cbc N/mm2
m cbc
8.5
10
11.5
13
93.33
93.33
93.33
93.33
93.33
93.33
kc
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
jc
0.867
0.867
0.867
0.867
0.867
0.867
(a) st =
140
N/mm2
(Fe 250)
(b) st =
190
N/mm2
(c ) st =
230
N/mm2
(Fe 415)
(d) st =
275
N/mm2
(Fe 500)
Grade of concrete
bd (N / mm2
Rc
0.867
1.214
1.474
1.734
1.994
2.254
Pc (%)
0.714
1.214
1.429
1.643
1.857
Grade of
concrete
kc
0.329
0.329
0.329
0.329
0.329
0.329
M 15
jc
0.89
0.89
0.89
0.89
0.89
0.89
M 20
Rc
0.732
1.025
1.244
1.464
1.684
1.903
M 25
Pc (%)
0.433
0.606
0.736
0.866
0.997
1.127
M 30
kc
0.289
0.289
0.289
0.289
0.289
0.289
M 35
jc
0.904
0.904
0.904
0.904
0.904
0.904
M 40
Rc
0.653
0.914
1.11
1.306
1.502
1.698
M 45
Pc (%)
0.314
0.44
0.534
0.628
0.722
0.816
M 50
kc
0.253
0.253
0.253
0.253
0.253
0.253
jc
0.916
0.916
0.916
0.914
0.916
0.916
Rc
0.579
0.811
0.985
1.159
1.332
1.506
Pc (%)
0.23
0.322
0.391
0.46
0.53
0.599
Permissible shear stress Table v in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

100As
bd
< 0.15
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
1.25
1.50
1.75
2.00
2.25
2.50
2.75
3.00 and above
M-15
0.18
0.22
0.29
0.34
0.37
0.40
0.42
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
Permissible shear stress in concrete

M-20
M-25
M-30
0.18
0.19
0.2
0.22
0.23
0.23
0.30
0.31
0.31
0.35
0.36
0.37
0.39
0.40
0.41
0.42
0.44
0.45
0.45
0.46
0.48
0.47
0.49
0.50
0.49
0.51
0.53
0.51
0.53
0.55
0.51
0.55
0.57
0.51
0.56
0.58
0.51
0.57
0.6
tv N/mm2
M-35
0.2
0.23
0.31
0.37
0.42
0.45
0.49
0.52
0.54
0.56
0.58
0.60
0.62
M-40
0.2
0.23
0.32
0.38
0.42
0.46
0.49
0.52
0.55
0.57
0.60
0.62
0.63
Maximum shear stress c.max in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

Grade of concrete
c.max
M-15
1.6
M-20
1.8
M-25
1.9
M-30
2.2
M-35
2.3
M-40
2.5
Grade of
concrete
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Shear stress tc
100As
bd
0.14
0.15
0.16
0.17
0.18
0.19
0.2
0.21
0.22
0.23
0.24
0.25
0.26
0.27
0.28
0.29
0.3
0.31
0.32
0.33
0.34
0.35
0.36
0.37
0.38
0.39
0.4
0.41
0.42
0.43
0.44
0.45
0.46
0.47
0.48
0.49
0.5
0.51
0.52
0.53
0.54
0.55
0.56
0.57
0.58
0.59
0.6
0.61
0.62
0.63
M-20
0.17
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.19
0.19
0.19
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.21
0.21
0.21
0.22
0.22
0.22
0.23
0.23
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.26
0.26
0.26
0.27
0.27
0.27
0.28
0.28
0.28
0.29
0.29
0.29
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.32
0.32
0.32
0.32
Reiforcement %
100As
M-20
bd
0.17
0.14
0.18
0.15
0.19
0.18
0.2
0.21
0.21
0.24
0.22
0.27
0.23
0.3
0.24
0.32
0.25
0.35
0.26
0.38
0.27
0.41
0.28
0.44
0.29
0.47
0.30
0.5
0.31
0.55
0.32
0.6
0.33
0.65
0.34
0.7
0.35
0.75
0.36
0.82
0.37
0.88
0.38
0.94
0.39
1.00
0.4
1.08
0.41
1.16
0.42
1.25
0.43
1.33
0.44
1.41
0.45
1.50
0.46
1.63
0.46
1.64
0.47
1.75
0.48
1.88
0.49
2.00
0.50
2.13
0.51
2.25
Degree
10
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
Value of
sin
0.174
0.259
0.276
0.292
0.309
0.326
0.342
0.358
modification factore Table

200
250
328
415
% fy
0.0
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.0
3.1
3.2
1.90
1.80
1.70
1.60
1.55
1.50
1.50
1.45
1.40
1.35
1.35
1.30
1.30
1.25
1.25
1.20
1.18
1.17
1.16
1.15
1.14
1.13
1.12
1.11
1.11
1.11
angle
cos
0.985
0.966
0.961
0.956
0.951
0.946
0.940
0.934
tan
0.176
0.268
0.287
0.306
0.325
0.344
0.364
0.384
2.0
1.75
1.65
1.55
1.5
1.45
1.4
1.35
1.3
1.3
1.25
1.2
1.2
1.18
1.16
1.14
1.13
1.12
1.1
1.1
1.08
1.06
1.05
1.04
1.03
1.02
1.01
1.00
2
1.85
1.75
1.65
1.5
1.4
1.35
1.30
1.25
1.2
1.16
1.13
1.1
1.1
1.07
1.05
1.03
1.01
1.0
0.99
0.97
0.96
0.95
0.94
0.93
0.92
0.92
0.91
0.91
0.90
0.87
0.86
1.90
1.80
1.70
1.60
1.50
1.40
1.30
1.20
1.15
1.05
1.02
1.20
0.98
0.96
0.94
0.92
0.91
0.90
0.89
0.86
0.86
0.85
0.84
0.83
0.83
0.82
0.82
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.64
0.65
0.66
0.67
0.68
0.69
0.7
0.71
0.72
0.73
0.74
0.75
0.76
0.77
0.78
0.79
0.8
0.81
0.82
0.83
0.84
0.85
0.86
0.87
0.88
0.89
0.9
0.91
0.92
0.93
0.94
0.95
0.96
0.97
0.98
0.99
1.00
1.01
1.02
1.03
1.04
1.05
1.06
1.07
1.08
1.09
1.10
1.11
1.12
1.13
1.14
1.15
1.16
0.32
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.41
22
23
24
25
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
0.375
0.391
0.407
0.422
0.573
0.643
0.707
0.766
0.819
0.866
0.906
0.927
0.921
0.924
0.906
0.819
0.766
0.707
0.643
0.574
0.500
0.423
0.404
0.424
0.445
0.466
0.700
0.839
1.000
1.192
1.428
1.732
2.145
1.17
1.18
1.19
1.20
1.21
1.22
1.23
1.24
1.25
1.26
1.27
1.28
1.29
1.30
1.31
1.32
1.33
1.34
1.35
1.36
1.37
1.38
1.39
1.40
1.41
1.42
1.43
1.44
1.45
1.46
1.47
1.48
1.49
1.50
1.51
1.52
1.53
1.54
1.55
1.56
1.57
1.58
1.59
1.60
1.61
1.62
1.63
1.64
1.65
1.66
1.67
1.68
1.69
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
1.70
1.71
1.72
1.73
1.74
1.75
1.76
1.77
1.78
1.79
1.80
1.81
1.82
1.83
1.84
1.85
1.86
1.87
1.88
1.89
1.90
1.91
1.92
1.93
1.94
1.95
1.96
1.97
1.98
1.99
2.00
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
2.09
2.10
2.11
2.12
2.13
2.14
2.15
2.16
2.17
2.18
2.19
2.20
2.21
2.22
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
2.23
2.24
2.25
2.26
2.27
2.28
2.29
2.30
2.31
2.32
2.33
2.34
2.35
2.36
2.37
2.38
2.39
2.40
2.41
2.42
2.43
2.44
2.45
2.46
2.47
2.48
2.49
2.50
2.51
2.52
2.53
2.54
2.55
2.56
2.57
2.58
2.59
2.60
2.61
2.62
2.63
2.64
2.65
2.66
2.67
2.68
2.69
2.70
2.71
2.72
2.73
2.74
2.75
0.50
0.50
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
2.76
2.77
2.78
2.79
2.80
2.81
2.82
2.83
2.84
2.85
2.86
2.87
2.88
2.89
2.90
2.91
2.92
2.93
2.94
2.95
2.96
2.97
2.98
2.99
3.00
3.01
3.02
3.03
3.04
3.05
3.06
3.07
3.08
3.09
3.10
3.11
3.12
3.13
3.14
3.15
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
Permissible Bond stress Table bd in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

M-10
--
M-15
0.6
M-20
0.8
M-25
0.9
M-30
1
M-35
1.1
M-40
1.2
M-45
1.3
M-50
1.4
2.0
Development Length in tension

bd
Plain M.S. Bars

(N / mm2)
kd = Ld
bd
1.6
H.Y.S.D. Bars
(N / mm2)
kd = Ld
0.6
58
0.96
60
0.8
44
1.28
45
0.9
39
1.44
40
35
1.6
36
1.1
32
1.76
33
1.2
29
1.92
30
1.3
27
2.08
28
1.4
25
2.24
26
1.2
0.8
0.4
for steeel
fy 500
fy 415
Permissible stress in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

Permission stress in compression (N/mm2) Permissible stress in bond (Average) for
plain bars in tention (N/mm2)
Bending cbc
Direct (cc)
(N/mm2)
(N/mm2)
in kg/m2
Kg/m2 (N/mm2)
Kg/m2
--3.0
300
2.5
250
5.0
500
4.0
400
0.6
60
7.0
700
5.0
500
0.8
80
8.5
850
6.0
600
0.9
90
10.0
1000
8.0
800
1.0
100
11.5
1150
9.0
900
1.1
110
13.0
1300
10.0
1000
1.2
120
14.5
1450
11.0
1100
1.3
130
16.0
12.0
1.4
1600
1200
140
fy 328
fy 250
fy 207
ble
500
2.00
1.80
1.65
1.50
1.40
1.35
1.30
1.20
1.16
1.08
1.00
0.95
0.90
0.86
0.84
0.82
0.81
0.80
0.79
0.78
0.77
0.76
0.75
0.74
0.73
0.72
0.72
0.72
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.70
0.70
0.69
0.69
0.68
0.68
fs = 120 =fy200
2.0
fs =145 =fy250
fs =190 =fy328
1.6
fs =240 =fy415
1.2
0.8
0.4
0.4
0.8
1.2
Modification factore
Fig 7.1
Fs= steel stress of service load =0.58fy
=
Fs
290
N/mm2
Fs
240
N/mm2
=
=
Fs
Fs
190
145
N/mm2
N/mm2
Fs
120
N/mm2
1.6
fs = 290
2.0
=fy500
2.4
2.8
3.2

1
2
3
4
5
Room size
End bearing on wall
External load
Concrete
6 Steel
7 Nominal Cover
6.00
0.30
0.40
2000
M 20
cbc
7
fy 415
15
x 10.00 mtr
m
mtr
N/m2
Floor finishing
2
N/mm
m
st
N/mm2
mm
Effective cover
= 300 mm
= 400 mm
= 600 N/mm2
= ### N/m3
= 13.33
= 230 N/mm2
20
mm
1 Solution :Let us keepend sapn of slab slightly less than the middle span so that approximately
(I) End span =
3.10 m (clear)
(II) middle span = 3.20 m (clear)
The clear span of each T Beam =
6.00 m while the R.C. slab monolithic with the
beam will be continous over the three span
Design Constants:- For HYSD Bars
Cocrete M =
20
st =
cbc =
m
k=
j=1-k/3
R=1/2xc x j x k
230 N/mm2
7
N/mm3
13.33
m*c
m*c+st =
1
0.5 x
wt. of concrete = 25000 N/mm2
13.33
13.33 x
0.289 /
7 x
7
+
230
= 0.289
= 0.904
0.90 x
0.289 =
0.913
(A) Design of continous slab:let us assume total thickness of slab =

100 mm and effective thickness =
Effective span;the width of the supports is more than 1/12the clear span
.Effective end span =
clear span +1/2 effective slab=
3.10 + 0.04 =
Effective middle = = clear distance between supports
=
2 Caculcation of B.M. :Overall depth of slab
self weight of Slab =
=
x
Super imposed live load =
80
mm
3.14 m
3.20 m
100 mm, consider 1 mtre width of slab

1.00 x 0.10 x ### = 2500 N/m
Total = 2500 N/m
1
x 2000
= 2000 N/m
For end span

Md (near the center)=
Ms (Due to super
imposed load)=
wd.L2
12
ws.L2
10
1000
1000
2500 x
12
2000 x
10
3.14
3.14
x 1000 =
2054083
N-mm
x 1000 =
1971920
N-mm
Total =
4026003
N-mm(+1)
1000 =
1066667
N-M (iii)
1000 =
2560000
N-M (iv)
Total =
3626667
N-mm(+2)
1000 =
2464900
N-mm
x 1000 =
2464900
N-mm
Total =
4929800
N-mm(+3)
For intermidiate span :Md (at the middle)=
wd.L2
1000
24
wd.L2
Ms (at interior supports )
x
1000
12
At the supports next to end supports
wd.L2
Md (at the middle)=
x
1000
10
ws.L2
Ms =
x
1000
9
=
=
=
=
2500 x
24
2500 x
10
3.20
3.20
2500 x
10
2500 x
10
3.14
3.14
3 Design of section :The effective depth will be calculated on the basis of maximum bending moment
out of four value calculated above.
4929800
Effective depth required

=
=
=
73
mm
0.913 x 1000
Rxb
= 26 for contin slab
x 100
k.c 100
0.289 x
7
For a balance section, % of reinforcement- For M-20 =
=
= 0.44 %
x
2
230
2. st
Taking pt
= 0.25
% we get from fig 7.1 modification factore = 1.70
70 mm for end span
x
26
= 44.2 d = 3100 / 44.2 =
span / depth = 1.70
3200 /
44.2 =
72 mm
And d for inetrmidiate span =
4 = 81 mm
keep over all d =
73
+
20
= 100 effective d = 100 15 Since the diffences between various bending moments is not large, reinforcement found
for large will be provided for other moments also.
Let us check this depth from stiffness (deflection)point of view. Span /effective depth ratio
4 Main Reiforcement :The maximum bending moment in end span (1) in intermidiate span (2) and at the support
next to end support (3) are nearly equal. Hence same reinforcement will be provided in all span .
4929800
BM
Ast =
=
=
293
mm2
230 x 0.904 x
81
st x j x D
3.14xdia2
3.14 x
8
x 8
using
8 mm bars
A
=
=
= 50.2 mm2
4 x100
4
x
100
Pitch s = = 1000 x As
/A
=
1000 x
50 /
293 = 171.5
say = 171 mm
8 mm bar,
170 mm c/c middle of each span.
Hence Provided
Bent up alternate bars from the bottom at a distance of L/5=
=
3140 /
5 = 620 mm from
3140 /
center of intermidiate supports and at L/ 7 '=
7 =
450 mm from the end support.
mmbars @ 170 mm c/c
Thus reinforcement available at each intermidiate support will be =
8
296
1000 x
50.2
Actual provided =
= 296 mm2 pt
=
x 100 = 0.300 %
170
1000 x 100
Distribution reinforcement:.12 xb xd
100
0.12 x 1000 x
Ast =
=
=
120
mm2
100
100
3.14xdia2
3.14 x
8
x 8
using
8 mm bars
A
=
=
= 50.2 mm2
4 x100
4
x
100
Pitch s = = 1000 x As
/A
=
1000 x 50.2 /
120 = 418.7
say = 419 mm
and also less than = 450 mm.
the above pitch is less than 5 time depth of slab = 5xd =
500 mm
8
Hence provided =
mm bars @
410 mm c/c.
Check for shear :V = 0.4wd .L+0.45 ws .L at the outer supports
0.4 x
2500 +
0.45 x
2000 )x 3.14 =
5966
V
5966
tv
=
=
= 0.074 N/mm2
bxd
1000 x
81
100.As
100
x
148
=
= 0.18 % tc = 0.19 % For M
bxd
1000
x
81
than permissible value of tc =
0.074 <
0.19 N/mm2
Hence safe
v
=(
5 Check for devlopment length at supports:The code stipulates that at the diameter of bars should be such that
1.3xM1
L0 >
the following Eq.is satisfied at the end of supports
=
+
V
0.5 x
where M
=
296 x
230 x 0.904 x
81 = 2491986
20
concrete
Ld
v=
5966
Side cover x'

and the slab has a support of
=
=
25
400
mm is provided at side (end)

mm width without providing any hook or bend
175
mm
1.3 xM1
V
=(
400
2
25
)=
L0
1.3
st
4 bd
Devlopment length Ld
Alternatively, Ld
Thus
= 45
=
1.3x
718
=
M1
V
>
(with out providing any hook or bend)
2491986
5966
8
x
4
x( 1.6
175
230
0.8
45
L0
>
Ld
360
718 mm
= 359
mm
360 mm
(B) Design of T beam

Let width of web bw =
300 mm
Effective span =
6.40 m
lo
6400
bf =
+
bw
+
6Df
=
+ 300 +
6
x 100 = 1967 mm
6
6
1 load calculation per metre run
unit weight of slab =
0 N/m3
3.10
3.20
Load from slab = (wd+ws) x
+ 0.30 +
=( 2500 + 2000 )x 3.45 = 15525 N/m
2
2
Weight of web (assuming depth of rib)
= 300 mm
= 0.3 x 0.3 x 25000 = 2250 N/m
Total w
= 17775 N/m
2 Design of section
17775 x
6.40 2
wL2
M
=
=
x 1000 =
91008000
kN-m
8
8
2kcd-Df
for balance section, we have
M
= 0.45bf.c.Df
kc
2x 0.289 d- 100
or
= 0.45
x
1967 x
7
x 100
=
91008000
0.289
91008000
346.49
2
x 0.289 d- 100 =
0.45 x
1967 x
7.00
200 d = 14691 +
34649
or
49340
say
= 49340 /
200 =
247 mm
250
mm
3 Area of steel:Df
100 =
= 250
200
mm
2
2
Alternatively a
=
0.9.d =
0.9
x
250 = 225 mm
Adopt d
= 210 mm, for primilnary calculation.
91008000
BM
=
Area of steel,
Ast =
=
1884 mm2
230
x 210
st xa
3.14xdia2
3.14 x 25 x 25
using ### mm bars
A
=
=
= 491
4 x 100
4
x
100
Nomber of Bars = Ast/A =
1884 / 491 = 3.84
say
=
4 No.
4
25 mm bar,
Hence Provided
bars of
Area of steel =
Provide D =
Available d =
d-
having,
Ast =
300 mm keeping '=
300
25
-
4
25
8
x 491 = 1963 mm2

mm nominal cover and using
25
/
2
= 255
mm2
8 mmRing
mm
4 Determination of actual N.A. and stress.:Thus the section is complete known However, we have determine the actual stress included
in section. To find the position of N.A., we have from Eq.
N.A.
=
bf
x
Df
x(
n
- Df/2 )=
m
x Ast x( d
n
= 1967
x
100 x (
n
50 )= 13.33 x 1963 x( 255 n
)
)
x
n
16504165
196667
196667
9833333
bf / 2 x
1967
x
2
26160.13 n
74
222827 =
N.A. falls in the flange, we have N.A .
n2
6784
a.=
d-
Avrage stress in steel
corresponding stress In
concrete is given by
5 Check for Sheart:wl 17775

V=
2
x
2
n)
26.60 n
n
or n2+
- 6783.9
= 26.60 + 708 -4x 1.00 x -6784
x
2
1
n2
= 26.60 +(
or
= 26.60 +(
or
or
255
m
=
Ast xa
t
x
m
6.00
Ast
x(
= 13.33 x 1963 x( 255
or
n
3
- 26160 n
+
9833333
mm thus, the N.A. falls in the flange.
26.6
n
b +b -4.a.c
2 a
6670832
6670832
or
n =
=
=
26.60 +
2
140 /
70
=
3
91008000
=
1963 x
232
200
n
=
x
13.33
d-n
708
- -27135.587288 )1/2
2
27843.33
)1/2
2
x
1
167
2
232
70
mm
mm
200
70
255 -
N/mm2 >
73
5.7
70
Fail
<
N
mm2
N
V
53325
=
= 0.7
mm2
bxd
300 x 255
100As
100 x 981
Assuming that at the ends,
2 bars will be bent up available =
= 1.28 %
bxd
300 x 255
Hence from Table permissible shear (tc)for M 20 concrete, for
1.28 % steel = 0.42 N/mm2
Since tv >
tc
Shear reinforcement necessary
shear resistance of concrete Vc=tc. Bd
= 0.42
255 = 32130 N
x 300 x
53325
N tv =
mm bars, let us bend 2 bars at distance of 2 a = 2 x 232 mm

= 1.414 x
232 = 330 mm from the edge of the supports.
3.14xdia2 =
3.14 x 25 x 25
Area of cross -section of
2
bend up bars
= 491 mm2
4 x100
4
x
100
=
2
x 491 = 982 mm2
Area of bent up bars
Nos.bent up bars
2
vs =
Sin 45 = 0.707
Shear resistance of
sv . Asv . sin
vs =
x Asv
x sin =
230 x 982 x 0.707 = 159683 N
sv
= 53325 /
subject to a max. of V / 2
2
=
26662.5
N
than
the
S.F.
it
self.
Through
shear
resistance
of
concrete
(v 2 = tc. bd )
This is >
Out of 4
using
-25
is additionally available, we will have to provide nominal shear stirrups.

3.14xdia2
3.14 x
8
x 8
8
=
=
mm bars area
4 x100
4
x
100
using 8
mm
lgd stirrups area
the maximum spacing of stirrups is given by

Hence Provided 8
mm 2 lgd stirrups, @
6 check for development length at the end.
2.175 x Asv.x fy
x
=
50.2
2.18
300
= 100.4 mm2
x 100.4 x 415
300 mm c/c throughout the length of beam.
= 50.2
mm2
= 302 mm
1.3xM1 +
L0
Ld
>
Ast available at end.=
981 mm2
V
M1
= moment of resistance of section, assuming all reinforcement stress at st
M1
"= Ast x st x a
230 x
= 981
x
232
=
52359500
N-mm
Alternatively, Ld = 45 = 45 x 25 = 1125 mm
53325 N
V
=
Let us assume the width of supports equal to
= 400 mm and a side cover x' 25 mm,
Assuming no hook provided
Ls
400
we have, Lo
=(
x'
=
25
= 175
mm
2
2
1.3 xM1
52359500
L0
+
=
1.3
x
+ 175 =
1451
mm
V
53325
=
1451 > 1125
The code requires that

Name of work:-
PKN
3250
8
400
3500
mm @
mm @
650
170
340
810
3250
mm
10000
mm c/c
mm c/c
8
8
875
mm @
mm @
875
410
170
810
mm c/c
mm c/c
400
650
100
440
25
600
mm
Nos.
300
440
200
700
300

400
Nos
25
25
4
mm
mm
Nos

8
300
400
mm 2 ldge srirrups @
mm c/c
300
330
330
6000 mm
VALUES OF DESIGN CONSTANTS

Grade of concrete
Modular Ratio
M-15
18.67
M-20
13.33
M-25
10.98
M-30
9.33
M-35
8.11
M-40
7.18
cbc N/mm2
m cbc
8.5
10
11.5
13
(a) st =
140
N/mm2
(Fe 250)
(b) st =
190
N/mm2
(c ) st =
230
N/mm2
(Fe 415)
(d) st =
275
N/mm2
(Fe 500)
Grade of concrete
bd (N / mm2
93.33
93.33
93.33
93.33
93.33
93.33
kc
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
jc
0.867
0.867
0.867
0.867
0.867
0.867
Rc
0.867
1.214
1.474
1.734
1.994
2.254
Pc (%)
0.714
1.214
1.429
1.643
1.857
Grade of
concrete
kc
0.329
0.329
0.329
0.329
0.329
0.329
M 15
jc
0.89
0.89
0.89
0.89
0.89
0.89
M 20
Rc
0.732
1.025
1.244
1.464
1.684
1.903
M 25
Pc (%)
0.433
0.606
0.736
0.866
0.997
1.127
M 30
kc
0.289
0.289
0.289
0.289
0.289
0.289
M 35
jc
0.904
0.904
0.904
0.904
0.904
0.904
M 40
Rc
0.653
0.914
1.11
1.306
1.502
1.698
M 45
Pc (%)
0.314
0.44
0.534
0.628
0.722
0.816
M 50
kc
0.253
0.253
0.253
0.253
0.253
0.253
jc
0.916
0.916
0.916
0.914
0.916
0.916
Rc
0.579
0.811
0.985
1.159
1.332
1.506
Pc (%)
0.23
0.322
0.391
0.46
0.53
0.599
Permissible shear stress Table v in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

100As
bd
< 0.15
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
1.25
1.50
1.75
2.00
2.25
2.50
2.75
3.00 and above
M-15
0.18
0.22
0.29
0.34
0.37
0.40
0.42
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
Permissible shear stress in concrete

M-20
M-25
M-30
0.18
0.19
0.2
0.22
0.23
0.23
0.30
0.31
0.31
0.35
0.36
0.37
0.39
0.40
0.41
0.42
0.44
0.45
0.45
0.46
0.48
0.47
0.49
0.50
0.49
0.51
0.53
0.51
0.53
0.55
0.51
0.55
0.57
0.51
0.56
0.58
0.51
0.57
0.6
tv N/mm2
M-35
0.2
0.23
0.31
0.37
0.42
0.45
0.49
0.52
0.54
0.56
0.58
0.60
0.62
M-40
0.2
0.23
0.32
0.38
0.42
0.46
0.49
0.52
0.55
0.57
0.60
0.62
0.63
Maximum shear stress c.max in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

Grade of concrete
c.max
M-15
1.6
M-20
1.8
M-25
1.9
M-30
2.2
M-35
2.3
M-40
2.5
Grade of
concrete
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Shear stress tc
100As
bd
0.14
0.15
0.16
0.17
0.18
0.19
0.2
0.21
0.22
0.23
0.24
0.25
0.26
0.27
0.28
0.29
0.3
0.31
0.32
0.33
0.34
0.35
0.36
0.37
0.38
0.39
0.4
0.41
0.42
0.43
0.44
0.45
0.46
0.47
0.48
0.49
0.5
0.51
0.52
0.53
0.54
0.55
0.56
0.57
0.58
M-20
0.17
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.19
0.19
0.19
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.21
0.21
0.21
0.22
0.22
0.22
0.23
0.23
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.26
0.26
0.26
0.27
0.27
0.27
0.28
0.28
0.28
0.29
0.29
0.29
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
Reiforcement %
100As
M-20
bd
0.17
0.14
0.18
0.15
0.19
0.18
0.2
0.21
0.21
0.24
0.22
0.27
0.23
0.3
0.24
0.32
0.25
0.35
0.26
0.38
0.27
0.41
0.28
0.44
0.29
0.47
0.30
0.5
0.31
0.55
0.32
0.6
0.33
0.65
0.34
0.7
0.35
0.75
0.36
0.82
0.37
0.88
0.38
0.94
0.39
1.00
0.4
1.08
0.41
1.16
0.42
1.25
0.43
1.33
0.44
1.41
0.45
1.50
0.46
1.63
0.46
1.64
0.47
1.75
0.48
1.88
0.49
2.00
0.50
2.13
0.51
2.25
Degree
10
15
16
Value of
sin
0.174
0.259
0.276
% fy
0.0
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.0
3.1
3.2
200
modification factore Table

250
328
415
1.90
1.80
1.70
1.60
1.55
1.50
1.50
1.45
1.40
1.35
1.35
1.30
1.30
1.25
1.25
1.20
1.18
1.17
1.16
1.15
1.14
1.13
1.12
1.11
1.11
1.11
1.90
1.80
1.70
1.60
1.50
1.40
1.30
1.20
1.15
1.05
1.02
1.20
0.98
0.96
0.94
0.92
0.91
0.90
0.89
0.86
0.86
0.85
0.84
0.83
0.83
0.82
0.82
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
angle
cos
0.985
0.966
0.961
tan
0.176
0.268
0.287
2.0
1.75
1.65
1.55
1.5
1.45
1.4
1.35
1.3
1.3
1.25
1.2
1.2
1.18
1.16
1.14
1.13
1.12
1.1
1.1
1.08
1.06
1.05
1.04
1.03
1.02
1.01
1.00
2
1.85
1.75
1.65
1.5
1.4
1.35
1.30
1.25
1.2
1.16
1.13
1.1
1.1
1.07
1.05
1.03
1.01
1.0
0.99
0.97
0.96
0.95
0.94
0.93
0.92
0.92
0.91
0.91
0.90
0.87
0.86
0.59
0.6
0.61
0.62
0.63
0.64
0.65
0.66
0.67
0.68
0.69
0.7
0.71
0.72
0.73
0.74
0.75
0.76
0.77
0.78
0.79
0.8
0.81
0.82
0.83
0.84
0.85
0.86
0.87
0.88
0.89
0.9
0.91
0.92
0.93
0.94
0.95
0.96
0.97
0.98
0.99
1.00
1.01
1.02
1.03
1.04
1.05
1.06
1.07
1.08
0.31
0.32
0.32
0.32
0.32
0.32
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.4
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
0.292
0.309
0.326
0.342
0.358
0.375
0.391
0.407
0.422
0.573
0.643
0.707
0.766
0.819
0.866
0.906
0.956
0.951
0.946
0.940
0.934
0.927
0.921
0.924
0.906
0.819
0.766
0.707
0.643
0.574
0.500
0.423
0.306
0.325
0.344
0.364
0.384
0.404
0.424
0.445
0.466
0.700
0.839
1.000
1.192
1.428
1.732
2.145
1.09
1.10
1.11
1.12
1.13
1.14
1.15
1.16
1.17
1.18
1.19
1.20
1.21
1.22
1.23
1.24
1.25
1.26
1.27
1.28
1.29
1.30
1.31
1.32
1.33
1.34
1.35
1.36
1.37
1.38
1.39
1.40
1.41
1.42
1.43
1.44
1.45
1.46
1.47
1.48
1.49
1.50
1.51
1.52
1.53
1.54
1.55
1.56
1.57
1.58
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
1.59
1.60
1.61
1.62
1.63
1.64
1.65
1.66
1.67
1.68
1.69
1.70
1.71
1.72
1.73
1.74
1.75
1.76
1.77
1.78
1.79
1.80
1.81
1.82
1.83
1.84
1.85
1.86
1.87
1.88
1.89
1.90
1.91
1.92
1.93
1.94
1.95
1.96
1.97
1.98
1.99
2.00
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
2.09
2.10
2.11
2.12
2.13
2.14
2.15
2.16
2.17
2.18
2.19
2.20
2.21
2.22
2.23
2.24
2.25
2.26
2.27
2.28
2.29
2.30
2.31
2.32
2.33
2.34
2.35
2.36
2.37
2.38
2.39
2.40
2.41
2.42
2.43
2.44
2.45
2.46
2.47
2.48
2.49
2.50
2.51
2.52
2.53
2.54
2.55
2.56
2.57
2.58
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
2.59
2.60
2.61
2.62
2.63
2.64
2.65
2.66
2.67
2.68
2.69
2.70
2.71
2.72
2.73
2.74
2.75
2.76
2.77
2.78
2.79
2.80
2.81
2.82
2.83
2.84
2.85
2.86
2.87
2.88
2.89
2.90
2.91
2.92
2.93
2.94
2.95
2.96
2.97
2.98
2.99
3.00
3.01
3.02
3.03
3.04
3.05
3.06
3.07
3.08
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
3.09
3.10
3.11
3.12
3.13
3.14
3.15
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
Permissible Bond stress Table bd in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

M-10
--
M-15
0.6
M-20
0.8
M-25
0.9
M-30
1
M-35
1.1
M-40
1.2
M-45
1.3
M-50
1.4
2.0
Development Length in tension

bd
Plain M.S. Bars

(N / mm2)
kd = Ld
bd
1.6
H.Y.S.D. Bars
(N / mm2)
kd = Ld
0.6
58
0.96
60
0.8
44
1.28
45
0.9
39
1.44
40
35
1.6
36
1.1
32
1.76
33
1.2
29
1.92
30
1.3
27
2.08
28
1.4
25
2.24
26
1.2
0.8
0.4
for steeel
fy 500
fy 415
Permissible stress in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

Permission stress in compression (N/mm ) Permissible stress in bond (Average) for
plain bars in tention (N/mm2)
Bending cbc
Direct (cc)
(N/mm2)
(N/mm2)
in kg/m2
Kg/m2 (N/mm2)
Kg/m2
--3.0
300
2.5
250
5.0
500
4.0
400
0.6
60
7.0
700
5.0
500
0.8
80
8.5
850
6.0
600
0.9
90
10.0
1000
8.0
800
1.0
100
11.5
1150
9.0
900
1.1
110
13.0
1300
10.0
1000
1.2
120
14.5
1450
11.0
1100
1.3
130
16.0
12.0
1.4
1600
1200
140
2
fy 328
fy 250
fy 207
able
500
2.00
1.80
1.65
1.50
1.40
1.35
1.30
1.20
1.16
1.08
1.00
0.95
0.90
0.86
0.84
0.82
0.81
0.80
0.79
0.78
0.77
0.76
0.75
0.74
0.73
0.72
0.72
0.72
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.70
0.70
0.69
0.69
0.68
0.68
fs = 120 =fy200
2.0
fs =145 =fy250
fs =190 =fy328
1.6
fs =240 =fy415
fs = 290 =fy500
1.2
0.8
0.4
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
2.0
Modification factore
Fig 7.1
Fs= steel stress of service load =0.58fy
= Fs 290 N/mm2
= Fs 240 N/mm2
= Fs 190 N/mm2
= Fs 145 N/mm2
= Fs 120 N/mm2
2.4
2.8
3.2

T+beam+roof+slab INDIA

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Design of T-Beam Roof Slab

2 R.C.C. supported Beam

3 End bearing on wall

4 Suer imposed load

Unit weight concrete

7 Nominal cover Slab

8 Nominal cover Beam

(a) Section of the slab

2 x12 mmtop holding bars

Based on R.C.C. design by B.C. Punmia example 7.12

Design of T-Beam Roof Slab

R.C.C. supported Beam

End bearing on wall

Suer imposed load

Unit weight concrete

Nominal cover Slab

Nominal cover Beam

(a) Section of the slab

2 x12 mmtop holding bars

Design of T-Beam Roof Slab

(A) Design of continous slab:let us assume total thickness of slab =

100 mm, consider 1 mtre width of slab

Ms (at interior supports )

For a balance section, % of reinforcement- For M-20

V = 0.4wd .L+0.45 ws .L at the outer supports

(with out providing any hook or bend)

360 Hence Code requirement are satisfied

(B) Design of T beam

for balance section, we have

3 Area of steel:Area of steel =

Avrage stress in steel

lgd stirrups area

the maximum spacing of stirrups is given by

300 mm c/c throughout the length of beam.

6 check for development length at the end.

for contin slab

m for end span

ment found for large will be

the support next to end support

(a) Section of the slab

2 x12 mmtop holding bars

(b) L- Section of Beam

VALUES OF DESIGN CONSTANTS

Permissible shear stress Table v in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

Permissible shear stress in concrete

Maximum shear stress c.max in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

modification factore Table

Permissible Bond stress Table bd in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

Development Length in tension

Plain M.S. Bars

Permissible stress in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

Design of T-Beam Roof Slab

wt. of concrete = 25000 N/mm2

(A) Design of continous slab:let us assume total thickness of slab =

Super imposed live load =

100 mm, consider 1 mtre width of slab

For end span

For intermidiate span :Md (at the middle)=

Effective depth required

Side cover x'

mm is provided at side (end)

(with out providing any hook or bend)

Hence Code requirement are satisfied

(B) Design of T beam