Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region IV-Western Visayas
District of Iloilo
Marcelo Serag Memorial School
Cubay, San Joaquin, Iloilo
(Science and Health 5)

I. Topic: Planets

There are eight main planets in our Solar system. The word planet comes
from the ancient Greeks and means wandering star. The eight planets
starting from the sun
are Mercury, Venus, Earth,Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. The
four planets closest to the sun are the inner planets; they are mainly made
up of mainly of rock and are much denser than the four outer planets.
The outer planets are also known as the Gas giants; they tend to be larger
and are made up mainly of gases with smaller solid or liquid centres. A good
planet mnemonic to help remember the order of the planets from the Sun is
"My Very Excellent Mother Just Served Us Nachos".

II.Planets and their Characteristics

1. Mercury

Is the closest planet to the sun. Its cratered surface can reach upwards
of 800 degrees Fahrenheit because of its proximity to the sun and its slow
rotation. Only slightly larger than Earth's moon, it is the smallest planet in
the solar system. It has no moons, no rings, and a very thin atmosphere.

2. Venus

The second planet from the sun, Venus, is slightly smaller than Earth.
Because of its relative proximity to Earth, it is the largest planet seen in the
night sky. The cratered surface of the planet is hot, with surface
temperatures around 900 degrees fahrenheit. Venus has a thick atmosphere
of sulfuric acid and carbon dioxide. The density of its atmosphere makes the
air pressure 90 times that of Earth's. This makes the planet decidedly
inhospitable to life.

3. Earth

Earth, the third planet from the sun and the largest terrestrial planet, is
the only planet known to have living beings and the only one with liquid
water on its surface. The atmosphere made of mostly nitrogen, oxygen and
carbon dioxide is crucial to Earth's ability to support life. The surface of the
earth is mostly water, but with large landmasses and a stunning variety of
different ecosystems.

4. Mars

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Mars, also called the Red Planet, is the solar system's fourth planet. Its
surface is characterized by dust storms, large volcanoes and deep valleys.
The red color of the surface comes from iron oxide or rust in the soil. Some of
the surface features of Mars, such as dry river beds, hint toward water
previously existing on the planet. The atmosphere is very thin on Mars, with

only 1/100th the air pressure of Earth and the planet is relatively cold with
surface temperatures ranging from -171 to 32 degrees Fahrenheit.
5. Jupiter

Further from the sun, past a ring of asteroids, lies the largest planet in
our solar system -- Jupiter -- the first of the gas giant planets. Its
characteristic colored cloud patterns are caused by enormous, swirling
storms in its atmosphere. The largest and most distinctive of these, the Great
Red Spot, is large enough to swallow Earth. The interior of this great planet is
mostly hydrogen and helium. Jupiter has 63 moons and a faint ring system.
6. Saturn

Saturn, the sixth planet from the sun and the second gas giant, is unique in
that an extensive and complex set of rings orbit the planet in a thin band.
Saturn is large -- about 9.5 times the radius of Earth. It has 62 moons in its

orbit. The interior of Saturn, like Jupiter, is made of mostly hydrogen and
helium in liquid form because of the strong pressure there.
7. Uranus

Uranus is the seventh planet from the Sun and is the third largest in
the solar system. It was discovered by William Herschel in 1781. It has an
equatorial diameter of 51,800 kilometers (32,190 miles) and orbits the Sun
once every 84.01 Earth years. It has a mean distance from the Sun of 2.87
billion kilometers (1.78 billion miles). It rotates about its axis once every 17
hours 14 minutes. Uranus has at least 22 moons. The two largest
moons, Titania and Oberon, were discovered by William Herschel in 1787.

8. Neptune

Neptune is the eight planet from our Sun, one of the four gas giants,
and one of the four outer planets in our Solar System. Neptune is now
considered to be the farthest planet in our Solar System. As one of the
planets that cannot be seen with the naked eye.

III. Inner and Outer Planets

Inner Planets
In the inner Solar System, we find the Inner Planets Mercury, Venus,
Earth, and Mars which are so named because they orbit closest to the Sun.
In addition to their proximity, these planets have a number of key differences
that set them apart from planets elsewhere in the Solar System.
For starters, the inner planets are rocky and terrestrial, composed mostly of
silicates and metals, whereas the outer planets are gas giants. The inner
planets are also much more closely spaced than their outer Solar System
counterparts. In fact, the radius of the entire region is less than the distance
between the orbits of Jupiter and Saturn.
Outer Planets
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune collectively make up the group known as
the jovian planets. The general structures of the jovian planets are
opposite those of the terrestrial planets. Rather than having thin
atmospheres around relatively large rocky bodies, the jovian planets have
relatively small, dense cores surrounded by massive layers of gas. Made
almost entirely of hydrogen and helium, these planets do not have solid
surfaces.
What is the difference between inner and outer planets?
The main difference between inner and outer planets is that outer planets
are larger and are mainly made of gas. The inner planets are Venus, Mercury,
Mars and Earth, while the outer planets are considered to be Saturn, Uranus,
Neptune and Jupiter.
All of the inner planets are considered terrestrial planets due to the fact that
their surfaces are made mostly of solids. These planets have no or few
moons, with Earth having one moon, and Mars having two. In contrast, the
outer planets are much more likely to have moons and rings.
IV. References
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from
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from

http://eightplanets.org/planets.html
https://www.pexels.com/search/earth/
http://news.ucsc.edu/2015/03/wandering-jupiter.html
http://www.bobthealien.co.uk/uranus.htm
http://pics-about-space.com/neptune-planet-info?p=2

. (n.d.) Retrieved from http://www.universetoday.com/21581/neptune/

. (n.d.) Retrieved from https://www.reference.com/science/differencebetween-inner-outer-planets-764f3e5931f98625
. (n.d.) Retrieved from http://www.universetoday.com/33059/inner-planets/
.
(n.d.)Retrievedfromhttp://lasp.colorado.edu/education/outerplanets/giantplan
ets_whatandwhere.php