Topic: Static Electricity

Static Electricity
When charge is formed due to friction of two close contacts and produced charge remains
enclosed and static in those surfaces is known Static Electricity. As this electricity is
produced due to friction, thus it is also knows as Frictional Electricity.
Measurement of Magnitude of Charge
Follow Physical Properties of Textile Fibres by W.E. Morton
Problem created due to Static Electricity
Static charge causes various problems in textile material and in processing. Some of the
problems are stated below:

Similar charges repel one another. This causes difficulty in handling materials.
For instance ballooning of bundle of sliver is observed, fabric is not folded down
neatly upon itself when it comes off a calender roller.
Opposite charges attract one another. This causes difficulty in the opening of
parachute. This will also cause tow garment to stick to each other.
Again opposite charge attracts soil dust and dirt so firmly that it becomes too
difficult to remove them. When it occurs in loom, it creates fog marking.
Charged bodies are attracted by an oppositely charged body. Due to this, fibres
will stick to earthed parts of the machine particularly in carding.
If the formation of static charge occurs with spark in presence of air, then there is
a possibility of fire or explosion.
Large amount of accumulated static charge may give shock to people where a
large insulated conductor becomes charged up.
Due to static charge protruding fibres remain stick to fabrics. So they cannot be
removed by singeing and cropping. Thus dyeing and finishing becomes faulty.
While passing over guides due to static charge, roving experiences more friction
thus breakage may occur and due to repulsion roving cannot be wound on to a
bobbin easily.

Method of Minimizing Static Problems

By Processing Aid

Friction between two materials can be minimized by the application of emulsion oil.

By Moisture

By increasing humidity, the static charge can be minimized.

1
Copyright Mohammad Tamim Kibria Chowdhury, SOUTHEAST UNIVERSITY

By Antistatic Agent

In manmade fibre spinning, by anti-static agent with spin finish application of static
charge can be reduced.

By earthing

By earthing of the metallic M/C parts static, charge can be neutralized.

By Using of Non-Conductive Fibres

By blending of conductive & non-conductive fibres, static charge formation can be

removed.

2
Copyright Mohammad Tamim Kibria Chowdhury, SOUTHEAST UNIVERSITY