DeLay) MECHANICAL CONNECTIONS 10.1, General 56 10.2 Design Values 57 10.3 Adjustment of Design Values 57 Table 10.3.1 Applicability of Adjustment Factors for Connections 7 ‘Table 10.3.3 Wet Service Factors, Cy, for Connections Table 10.3.4 Temperature Factors, C, for Connections Table 10.3.64 Group Action Factors, C, for Bolt or Lag Serew ‘Connections With Wood Side Members Table 10.3.6B Group Action Factors, C, for 4” Split Ring or Shear Plate Connectors With Wood Side Members Table 10.3.6C Group Action Factors, C,, for Bolt or Lag Screw Connections With Steel Side Plates. ‘Table 10.3.6D Group Action Factors, C,, for 4" Shear Plate Connectors With Steel Side Plates & AMERICAN FOREST & PAPER ASSOCIATION,10.1 General Borneman) 10.1.1 Scope 10.1.1.1 Chapter 10 applies to the engineering design of connections using bolts, lag screws, split ring or shear plate connectors, drift bolts, drift pins, wood serews, nails, spikes, timber rivets, metal connector plates or spike grids in sawn lumber, glued laminated timber, timber poles, tim- ber piles, structural composite lumber, prefabricated wood Toists, and wood structural panels, Except where spe- cifically limited elsewhere herein, the provisions of Chapter 10 shall apply to all fastener types covered in Chapters 11, 12 and 13. 10.1.1.2 The requirements of 3.1.3, 3.1.4 and 3.1.5 shall be accounted for in the design of connections. 10.1.1.3 Connection design provisions in Chapters 10, 11, 12 and 13 shall not preclude the use of connections where it is demonstrated by analysis based on generally recognized theory, full scale or prototype loading tests, studies of model analogues or extensive experience in use that the connections will perform satisfactorily in their intended end uses (see 1.1.1.3). 10.1.2 Stresses in Members at Connections Structural members shall be checked for load carry- ing capacity at connections in accordance with all applicable provisions ofthis standard including 3.1.2, 3.1.3 and 3.4.3.3. Local stresses in connections using multiple fasteners shall be checked in accordance with principles of engineering mechanics. One method for determining these stresses is provided in Appendix E. 10.1.3 Eccentric Connections Eccentric connections that induce tension stress per- pendicular to grain in the wood shall not be used unless, appropriate engineering procedures or tests are employed in the design of such connections to insure that all applied Toads will be safely carried by the members and connec- tions. Connections similar to those in Figure 10A are examples of connections requiring appropriate engineer- ing procedures or tests. 10.1.4 Mixed Fastener Connections Methods of analysis and test data for establishing de- sign values for connections made with more than one type. of fastener have not been developed. Design values for mixed fastener connections shall be based on tests or other analysis (see 1.1.1.3). 10.1.5 Connection Fabrication ‘Nominal lateral design values for connections in Chap- ters 11, 12 and 13 are based on: (@) the assumption that the faces of the members are brought into contact when the fasteners are installed, and (b) allowance for member shrinkage due to sea- sonal variations in moisture content (see 103.3), Figure 10A Eccentric Connections |AMERICANWOOD COUNCILPN ose Le ce 10.2 Design Values 10.2.1 Single Fastene: Connections 10.2.1.1 Chapters 11, 12 and 13 contain tabulated nominal design values and design provisions for calculat- ing nominal design values for various types of single fastener connections. Design values for connections in a given species apply to all grades of that species unless otherwise indicated. Dowel-type fastener connection de- sign values for one species of wood are also applicable to other species having the same or higher dowel bearing strength, F, 10.2.1.2 Design provisions and nominal design val: ues for dowel type fastener connections such as bolts, lag screws, wood screws, nails and spikes, drift bolts and drift pins are provided in Chapter 11. 10.2.1.3 Design provisions and nominal design val- ues for split ring and shear plate connections are provided in Chapter 12. 10.2.1.4 Design provisions and nominal design val- ues for timber rivet connections are provided in Chapter 13. @ 10.2.1.5 Wood-to wood connections involving spike arids for load transfer shall be designed in accordance with principles of engineering mechanies (see Reference 50 for additional information) 10.2.1.6 Metal plate connected wood truss construc- tion shall be designed in accordance with ANSUTPI 1. 10.2.2 Multiple Fastener Connections ‘When a connection contains two or more fasteners of the same type and similar size, each of which exhibits the same yield mode (see Appendix 1), the total allowable de- sign value for the connection shall be the sum of the al- Jowable design values for each individual fastener 10.2.3 Design of Metal Parts Metal plates, hangers, fasteners and other metal parts shall be designed in accordance with applicable metal de- sign procedures to resist failure in tension, shear, bearing (metal on metal), bending and buckling (see References 39, 40 and 41)., When the capacity of a connection is controlled by metal strength, rather than wood strength, allowable metal strength shall not be multiplied by the adjustment factors in this Specification. In addition, metal strength shall not be increased by wind and earthquake factors if design loads have already been reduced by load combination factors (see Reference 5 for additional in- formation). 10.2.4 Design of Concrete or Masonry Parts Conerete footers, walls and other concrete or masonry parts shall be designed in accordance with accepted prac- tices (see References 1 and 2). When the capacity of a connection is controlled by concrete or masonry strength, rather than wood strength, allowable concrete or masonry strength shall not be multiplied by the adjustment factors in this Specification. In addition, conerete or masonry strength shall not be increased by wind and earthquake factors if design loads have already been reduced by load combination factors (see Reference 5 for additional in- 10.3 Adjustment of Design Values 10.3.1 Applicability of Adjustment Factors Nominal design values (Z, W) shall be multiplied by all applicable adjustment factors to determine allowable design values (Z', W'). Table 10.3.1 specifies the adjust- {(@ ment factors which apply to nominal lateral design values @) and nominal withdrawal design values (W) for each fastener type. The actual load applied to a connection, shall not exceed the allowable design value (Z', W') for the connection. 10.3.2 Load Duration Factor, C, Nominal design values shall be multiplied by the load duration factors, Cp < 1.6, specified in 2.3.2 and Appen- dix B, except when the capacity of the connection is, controlled by metal strength or strength of concrete/ma- AMERICAN FOREST & PAPER ASSOCIATION. ‘SNOILOSNNOD TVOINVHOSWTabie 10.3.1 Applicability of Adjustment Factors for Connections ‘Wet Service Factor s i i : i Group Action Factor Meta Side PI “Too-Nai Facto Dowel-type Fasteners Z=zx]q Ww G&G - Se - G&G Split Ring and Shear Plate GO&46G40G -G - - Connectors Coaaoeta gq: - se ‘Timber Rivets Cece GG G - Cf - - Gf - - Metal Plate Connectors ezx]G GG - - - - - - - Spike Grids Z=zx]q WG - G - - - - - Withdrawal Loads Nails, pikes, Lag Screws, W=Wx]C, Gy GQ = - = Cy - = Gy Wood Screws, and Drift Pins 1. The load duation facts, Cy shall ot exced 1.6 for conection (see 10.32). 2. The wet service Fator, Cy sal nt apply 0 toe-nllslosded in withdeawal (ce 1.54.1), 5. Spesife information concerning geomety factors C,penevation depth facors Cy end grin factors, Cy metal ie plate factors, Cy dapivag factors, Cy, and te-ail factors, Cy is provided in Chapters If 2 and 13, 4. Th load duration face, Cy only applied wien wood capacity (Py, Q,) cons (see Chapter 13). 5. The met side pit for, C8 onl applied when ret capacity (PQ) coals (ee Chaps 13). 6. The oomeny fictr, Cy, i only applied when Wood capacity, Qu eonros(se Chapter 13) sonry (see 10.2.3, 10.2.4 and Appendix B.3). The impact load duration factor shall not apply to connections. 10.3.3 Wet Service Factor, C,, Nominal design values are for connections in wood seasoned to a moisture content of 19% or less and used under continuously dry conditions, as in most covered structures. For connections in wood that is unseasoned or partially seasoned, or when connections are exposed to wet service conditions in use, nominal design values shall be multiplied by the wet service factors, Cy, specified in Table 10.3.3, 10.3.4 Temperature Factor, C, Nominal design values shall be multiplied by the tem- perature factors, C,, in Table 10.3.4 for connections that will experience sustained exposure to elevated tempera- tures up to 150°F (see Appendix C). 10.3.5 Fire Retardant Treatment Allowable design values for connections in lumber and structural glued laminated timber pressure-treated with fire retardant chemicals shall be obtained from the com- pany providing the treatment and redrying service (see, 2.3.4). The impact load duration factor shall not apply to connections in wood pressure-treated with fire retardant chemicals (see Table 2.3.2). AMERICAN WOOD COUNCILNATION Table 10.3.3 Wet Service Factors, C,, for Connections Moisture Content Fastener Type At Time of Fabrication In-Service Gu Lateral Loads Shear Plates & <19% 19% 10 Split Rings! > 19% < 19% 08 any >19% 07 Metal Connector 519% < 19% 10 Plates? > 19% < 19% 08 any > 19% 07 Dowel-type 5 19% < 19% 10 Fasteners, > 19% < 19% oF any >19% o7 Timber Rivets 519% < 19% 10 519% > 19% 08 Withdrawal Loads Lag Screws & any < 19% 10 Wood Screws any > 19% 07 Nails & Spikes < 19% < 19% 10 > 19% £ 19% 0.25 519% > 19% 0.25 > 19% > 19% 10 ‘Threaded Hardened any any 10 Nails 1 For split ring or shear plate connectors, moisture content imitans apply to dopth of 34” below he surface ofthe wood. 2, For more information on mal connector pats see reference 9 3. Cy=07 for dowel type fasteners with diameter, D, es than 1", For dowel type fstener connections with 1) one fastener any oF 2) two or mote fasteners placed ins single row parallel o grin or 53) fasteners placed in to or more rows parallel to gain with seperate splice plates for each ow, Cueto. Table 10.3.4 Temperature Factors, C,, for Connections ‘SNOILO3NNOO TWOINVHOS In Service G . Moisture Conditions’ Ts100°F | 100°RTS128°F [125°F 10, use A/A, nd use Ay instead of A 2 Tabulat goup action factors (Care conservative fee D< 1, $ <4" or E> 1,400,000 ps. Table 10.3.6B Group Action Factors, C,, for 4” Split Ring or Shear ® Connectors With Wood Side Members? For s=9", E = 1,400,000 psi ‘Number of fasteners in a row AJAg! | Ag! in? | 2 3 [4 5 6 a 8 9 | wo] mu} 2 3 | 090 [0.73 [059 [04s | O41 [035 | 031 | 027 | 025 | 022 | 020 12 | 095 | 0.83 | 0.71 | 0.60 | 052 | 045 | 040 | 036 | 032 | 0.29 | 0.27 05 | .20 | 097 | 088 | 0.78 | 069 | 060 | 053 | 0.47 | 043 | 039 | 035 | 0.32 28 |.0.97 | 0.91 | 0.82 | 0.74 | 0.66 | 0.59 | 0.53 | 048 | 0.44 | 0.40 | 037 40 | 0.98 | 0.93 | 0.86 | 0.79 | 0.72 | 0.65 | 0.59 | 0.54 | 0.49 | 045 | 0.42 64 | 099 | 0.95} 0.91 | 0.85 |-0.79 | 0.73 | 0.67 | 0.62 | 0.58 | 054 | 0.50 s | 1.00 | 0.87 | 0.72 | 039 | 050 | 043 | 038 | 034 | 030 | 0.28 | 025 12, | 1:00'| 0:93} 0.83 |-0.72} 0.63. | 0.55. |-0.48 | 0.43 | 0:39 | 0.36 | 033 1 20 | 1.00 | 0.95 | 0.88 | 0.79 | 0.71 | 063 | 0.57 | 051 | 046 | 0.42 | 039 28 | -1.00°}°0.97°| 0.91 | 0.83} 0.76 }'0.69 | 0.62 | 0.57 | 0.52 | 0.47 | 044 40 | 1.00 | 0.98 | 0.93 | 0.87 | 081 | 0.75 | 069 | 0.63 | 0.58 | 054 | 050 64_| 1.00 | 098 | 0.95 | 0.91 | 087 | 082 | 0.77 | 0.72 | 067 | 0.62 | 058 1. When A/Aq > 10, use AWA, and we Ay instead of A 2. Tabulted group ation fer (C,) are conservative fr 2-12" spit ing connectors, 2-S/* shea plate connectors, s <9" oc E> 100,000 ps AMERICAN WOOD COUNCE,@ ros erry Ora Tye Table 10.3.6C Group Action Factors, C,, for Bolt or Lag Screw Connections With Steel Side Plates* For D=1" E wood = 1,400,000 pst, Ext = 30,000,000 psi ‘Number of fasteners in a row 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 be | 5 | 097 [089 | 080 | 070 | 062 | 055 | 049 | 044 | 040 | 037 | 0.34 8 | 0.98 | 093 | 085 | 0.77 | 0.70 | 0.63 | 057 | 0.52 | 0.47 | 0.43 | 0.40 16 | 099 | 0.96 | 0.92 | 0.86 | 080 | 0.75 | 0.69 | 0.64 | 0.60 | 055 | 0.52 12 24 | 0.99 | 097 | 0.94 | 0.90 | 0.85 | 0.81 | 0.76 | 0.71 | 0.67 | 0.63 | 0.59 40 | 1.00 | 098 | 096 | 0.94 | 0.90 | 0.87 | 0.83 | 0.79 | 0.76 | 0.72 | 0.69 64 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 0.98 | 0.96 | 0.94 | 0.91 | 0.88 | 0.86 | 0.83 | 0.80 | 0.77 120 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 0.99 | 0.98 | 0.96 | 0.95 | 093 | 0.91 | 0.90 | 0.87 | 0.85 200 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 0.99 | 0.98 | 0.97 | 0.96 | 0.95 | 0.93 | 0.92 | 0.90 3 | 099 | 093 | 085 | 0.76 | 0.68 [oer | 054 | 049 [044 | 041 | 0.37 8 | 099 | 095 | 0.90 | 0.83 | 0.75 | 0.69 | 0.62 | 0.57 | 0.52 | 0.48 | 0.44 16 | 1.00 | 0.98 | 0.94 | 0.90 | 085 | 0.79 | 0.74 | 0.69 | 0.65 | 0.60 | 0.56 18 24 | 1.00 | 0.98 | 0.96 | 0.93 | 0.89 | 0.85 | 0.80 | 0.76 | 0.72 | 0.68 | 0.64 40 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 0.97 | 0.95 | 0.93 | 0.90 | 0.87 | 083 | 0.80 | 0.77 | 0.73 64 | 1.00 | 099 | 0.98 | 0.97 | 095 | 0.93 | 0.91 | 0.89 | 0.86 | 0.83 | 0.81 120 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 0.98 | 097 | 0.96 | 0.95 0.92 | 0.90 | 0.88 200 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 0.99 | 0.98 | 0.98 | 0.97 0.95 | 0.94 | 0.92 40 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 0.97 | 095 | 093 | 0.89 | 0.86 | 083 | 0.79 | 0.76 | 0.72 24 64 | 1.00 | 099 | 0.98 | 0.97 | 095 | 0.93 | 0.91 | 0.88 | 0.85 | 0.83 | 0.80 120 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 0.98 | 097 | 0.96 | 0.95 | 093 | 091 | 0.90 | 0.88 200 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.99 |,0.99 | 0.98 | 098 | 0.97 | 0.96 | 0.95 | 0.93 | 0.92 40 | 1.00 | 0.98 | 0.96 | 093 | 089 | 08s | 081 | 077 | 073 | 0.69 | 0.65 30 64 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 0.97 | 0.95 | 0.93 | 0.90 | 0.87 | 0.83 | 080 | 0.7 | 0.73 120 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 0.99 | 0.97 | 0.96 | 0.94 | 0.92 | 0.90 | 0.88 | 0.85 | 0.83 200 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 098 | 0.97 | 0.96 | 0.95 | 094 | 0.92 | 0.90 | 0.89 40 | 099 | 097 | 094 | 091 | 086 | 0.82 | 0.77 | 073 | 068 | 0.64 | 0.60 35 64 | 1.00 | 0.98 | 0.96 | 0.94 | 0.91 | 0.87 | 0.84 | 0.80 | 0.76 | 0.73 | 0.69 120 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 0.98 | 0.97 | 0.95 | 0.92 | 0.90 | 0.88 | 0.85 | 0.82 | 0.79 200 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 0.99 | 0.98 | 0.97 | 0.95 | 0.94 | 0.92 | 0.90 | 0.88 | 0.86 40 | 0.99 | 097 | 093 | 088 | 083 | 0.78 | 0.73 | 0.68 | 063 | 0.59 | 0.55 42 64 | 0.99 | 0.98 | 0.95 | 0.92 | 0.88 |°0.84°} 0.80° | 0.76 | 0.72 | 0.68 | 0.64 120 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 0.97 | 0.95 | 093 | 0.90 | 0.88 | 0.85 | 0.81 | 0.78 | 0.75 200 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 0.98 | 0.97 | 0.96 | 0.94 | 0.92 | 0.90 | 0.88 | 0.85 | 0.83 40 | 099 | 0.96 | 091 | 085 | 079 | 0.74 | 0.68 | 0.63 | 058 | 0.54 | 0.51 50 64 | 0.99. |.0.97 | 0.94} 0.90.) 0.85 ..0.81. | 0.76 }.0.72 | 0.67 |. 0.63} 0.59 120 | 1.00 | 0.98 | 0.97 | 0.94 | 091 | 0.88 | 085 | 0.81 | 0.78 | 0.74 | 0.71 200_|.1.00_| 0.99 | 0.98 | 0.96 | 0.95 | 0.92 | 0.90 | 0.87_| 0.85 | .0.82_|. 0.79. Ty Tabulated group ation factors (C,) are conservative for D< I” ors <4" AMERICAN FOREST & PAPER ASSOCIATION ‘SNOILOSNNOO TVOINVHO3INTable 10.3.6D St For s= iroup Action Factors, C,, for 4" Shear Plate Connectors With | Side Plates? + Eqyood = 1,400,000 psi, Fteu= 30,000,000 psi ‘Number of fasteners in a row AA; 6j/7{s {9 |o}] ul wp 042 | 036 | 031 | 028 | 025 | 023 | 021 SOA | OAL: 0.36} 0.32" |-0.29° | 0.26 "|: 0.24 058 | 051 | 045 | 040 | 037 | 033 | 031 12 O68) 20157) OST | 0.86 -'}.20,425.} 0,395: °.0:35) 0.73 |'0.66 | 0.60 | 0.55 | 050 | 0.46 | 0.43 080") 0:74} 0.69" 0:63 "|"0.59 “| 0.55] “OST 087 | 083 | 0.79 | 0.74 | 0.70 | 0.66 | 0.63 0.92 | 089 | 085 | 0.82 | 079 | 0.75 | 0.72 047 | 041 | 0.36 | 032 [028 | 0.26 | 0.24 053 | 046 | 0.40 | 0.36 | 032 | 0.30 | 0.27 0.64 | 056 | 0.50 | 0.45 | 041 | 037 | 034 18 0.70 | 0.63 | 057 | 0.51 | 047 | 0.43 | 0.39 0.78 | 0.72 | 066 | 0.60 | 055 | 051 | 047 r 0.84 | 0.79] 0.74 | 0.69 | 0.64 | 0.60 | 0.56 120 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 097 | 0.94 | 0.90 | 087'| 083 | 0.79 | 0.75 | 071 | 0.67 200°} 1.00" |°0.99 | 0.98 | 0.96 | 0.94 | 0.91 | 0.89 | 0.86 | 0.82 | 0.79 | 0.76 40 | 1.00 [096 | 091 | 084 | 0.77 | 071 | 065 | 059 | 054 | 050 | 046 24 | 64 | 1.00: |20.98°|-0:94}-0:89 | 08 | 078 | 0.73 | 068. | 0.63 | 058 | 054 120 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 0.96 | 0.94 | 0.90 | 086 | 082 | 0.78 | 0.74 | 0.70 | 0.66 200 |, 1.00°| 0.99. |-0.98 |. 0.96 | 094 | 0.91 | 0.88 |-085 | 082 | 0.78 | 075 40 | 099 | 0.93 | 0.86 | 0.78 | 0.70 | 063 | 057 | 052 | 047 | 043 | 040 30 | 64 | 099} 096 | 0.90-] 0.84 |-0.78 |-0.71 | 0.66 | 0.60 | 0.56 | 051 | 0.48 120 | 099 | 0.98 | 0.94 | 0.90 | 086 | 081 | 0.76 | 071 | 067 | 063 | 059 200. | 1.00: |:0.98" |.0.96 | -0.94-|.0.91-}.0.87. | 0.83. |-0.79 | 0.76 | 0.72 | 0.68 40 | 0.98 | 0.91 | 083 | 0.74 | 066 | 059 | 053 | 048 | 043 | 0.40 | 036 35 64. | 0:99} 0.84e fs OBR] 0184-4 0.73] 0:67]. 0.61. }0.56. | 051 | 0.47. | 0.43 120 | 0.99 082 | 0.77 | 0.72 | 067 | 062 | 058 | 054 200. |:3500°3] 0:88. 0,84" | 0.80 |-0.76 | 0.71 | 0.68" | (0.64 40 | 097 | 0: 0.61 | 054 | 048 | 0.43 | 039 | 036 | 033 42 564: | OBB <0 62 --| 0:56 | 0,51 | 0:46. | 042.) 039. 120 | 099 | 0: 0.72 | 0.67 | 062 | 0.57 | 0.53 | 0.49 200%:|::0.90% 20,805» |2.0.76 |: .071 0.67 «| 0.62} (0.59 40 | 0.95 049 | 0.44 | 0.39 | 035 | 032 | 030 50 | 64 | ogre 057) |.0:51..|0.46 |.0.42 | 038 -| 035 120 | 0.98 0.68 | 0.62 | 057 | 052 | 0.48 | 0.45 200°} 0:99: 0.77 | 0.71} 066 | 0.62 | 0.58 | 0.54 1 Tubuated group action fotos (C,) are conservative fr 2-58" thar pate connectors or 8 <9", MER HAN WOOD COUNEILPer i nerd DOWEL-TYPE FASTENERS (BOLTS, LAG SCREWS, WOOD SCREWS, NAILS/SPIKES, DRIFT BOLTS AND DRIFT PINS) 11.1 General 66 11.2. Withdrawal Design Values 68 11.3 Lateral Design Values 1 11.4 Combined Lateral and Withdrawal Loads 16 11.5 Adjustment of Design Values 16 11.6 Multiple Fasteners ‘Table 1.2A Lag Serew Withdrawal Table 11.2B Wood Screw Withdrawal ‘Table 11.2C Nail and Spike Withdrawal Tables 11.3.1A-B Yield Limit Equations.. ‘Tables 11.3.2 Dowel Bearing Strengths Table 11.5.1A Edge Distance Requirement Table 11.5.1B End Distance Requirements Table 11.5.1C Spacing Requirements Table LLS.AD Spacing Requirements Between Rows .. Table 11.5.1E Edge and End Distance for Lag Screws Tables WA-L BOLTS: Lateral Design Values Tables 11J-K LAG SCREWS: Lateral Design Values Tables 1IL-M WOOD SCREWS: Lateral Design Values. ‘Tables LIN-R NAILS and SPIKES: Lateral Design Values oN AMERICAN FOREST & PAPER ASSOCIATION11.1 General 11.1.1 Terminology 11,1.1.1 “Bdge distance” is the distance fromthe edge ofa member to the center of the nearest fastener, mea- sured perpendicular to grain, When a member is loaded perpendicular to grain, the loaded edge shall be defined as the edge in the direction toward which the fastener is acting. The unloaded edge shall be defined as the edge ‘opposite the loaded edge (see Figure 116), 1.1.1.2 “End distance” is the distance measured par- allel to grain from the square-cut end of a member to the center ofthe nearest bolt (see Figure 116), 1.1.1.3 “Spacing” i the distance between centers of fasteners measured along a line joining their centers (see Figure 116), 11.1.1.4 A “tow of fasteners” is defined as two ot ‘more fasteners aligned with the direction of load (see Fig- ure 1G). 1.1.1.5 End distance, edge distance and spacing re- quirements herein are based on wood properties. ‘Wood:-to-metal and wood-to-concrete connections are sub- ject to placement provisions as shown in 11.5.1, however, applicable end and edge distance and spacing requirements for metal and concrete, also apply (see 10.2.3 and 10.2.4). 11.1.2 Bolts 1.1.2.1 Installation requirements apply to bolts mect- ing requirements of ANSVASME Standard B18.2.1. 1.1.2.2 Holes shall be a minimum of 1/32" to a maxi- ‘mum of 1/16" larger than the bolt diameter. Holes shall be accurately aligned in main members and side plates, Bolts shall not be forcibly driven. 1.1.2.3 Ametal plate, metal strap, or washer not less than a standard cut washer shall be between the wood and the bolt head and between the wood and the nut. 11.1.2.4 Edge distance, end distance, and fastener spacing required to develop full design values shall be in accordance with Table 11.5.1A-D. 11.4.3 Lag Screws 11.13.1 Installation requirements apply to lag screws ‘meeting requirements of ANSVASME Standard B18.2.1. See Appendix L for lag screw dimensions. 11.1.3.2 Lead holes for lag screws loaded laterally and in withdrawal shall be bored as follows to avoid splitting of the wood member during connection fabrication (@) The clearance hole for the shank shall have the same diameter as the shank, and the same depth of penetration as the length of un- threaded shank. (b) The lead hole for the threaded portion shall have a diameter equal to 65% to 85% of the shank diameter in wood with G > 0.6, 60% to 75% in wood with 0.5 0.6, and approximately 70% of the wood screw root diameter in wood with 0.5 0.6 (see Table 11.3.2A), the part of the lead hole receiving the shank shall have about the same diameter as the shank and that receiving the threaded portion shall have about the same diameter as the screw at the root of the thread (see Reference 8). (©) For Gs 0.6 (see Table 11.3.2A), the part of the lead hole receiving the shank shall be about 7/8 the diameter of the shank and that receiving the threaded portion shall be about 7/8 the diameter of the screw at the root of the thread (see Reference 8) 11.1.4.4 The wood screw shall be inserted in its lead hole by turning with a serew driver or other tool, not by driving with a hammer. 11.1.4.5 No reduction to design values is anticipated if soap or other lubricant is used on the wood screw or in the lead holes to facilitate insertion and to prevent dam- age to the wood screw. 11.1.4.6 Minimum penetration of the wood screw into the main member for single shear connections or the side ‘member for double shear connections shall be six times, the diameter, Pais = 6D. 11.1.4,7 Edge distances, end distances and spacings shall be sufficient to prevent splitting of the wood. 11.1.5 Nails and Spikes 11.1.5.1 Installation requirements apply to common steel wire nails and spikes, box nails and threaded hard- cened-steel nails meeting requirements in ASTM F167. ‘Nail specifications for engineered construction shall in- clude the minimum lengths and diameters for the nails and spikes to be used. 1.1.5.2. Threaded, hardened-steel nails and spikes shall be made of high carbon steel wire, headed, pointed, annularly or helically threaded, and heat-treated and tem- pered to provide greater yield strength than for common wire nails of corresponding size. 11.1.5.3 Nominal design values herein apply to nailed and spiked connections either with or without bored holes. ‘When a bored hole is desired to prevent splitting of wood, the diameter of the bored hole shall not exceed 90% of the nail or spike diameter for wood with G> 0.6, nor 75% of the nail or spike diameter for wood with G < 0.6 (see Table 11.3.2A). 11.154 Toe-nails shall be driven at an angle of ap- proximately 30° with the member and started approximately 1/3 the length of the nail from the member end (see Fig- ure 11A). Te RC RCO Cua) Figure 11A Toe-Nail Connection 11.1.5.5 Minimum penetration of the nail or spike into the main member for single shear connections or the side member for double shear connections shall be six times the diameter, Pain = 6D. Exception: Symmetric double shear connections when 12d or smaller nails extend at least three diameters beyond the side member and are clinched, and side members are at least 3/8" thick. 11.1.5.6 Edge distances, end distances and spacings shall be sufficient to prevent splitting of the wood. 11.1.6 Drift Bolts and Drift Pins 11.1.6.1 Lead holes shall be drilled 0" to 1/32" smaller than the actual pin diameter. 11.1.6.2 Additional penetration of pin into members shall be provided in lieu of the washer, head and nut on a common bolt (see References 52 and 53 for additional information). 11.1.6.3 Edge distance, end distance, and fastener spacing required to develop full design values shall be in accordance with Table 11.5.1A-D. 11.1.7 Other Dowel-Type Fasteners When fastener type or connection fabrication and as- sembly requirements vary from those specified in 11.1.2, 11.13, 11.1.4, 11.1.5 and 11.1.6, provisions of 11.3 shall bbe permitted to be used in calculation of nominal lateral design values provided allowance is made to account for such variation. Edge distances, end distances and spac- ings shall be sufficient to prevent splitting of the wood. [AMERICAN FOREST & PAPER ASSOCIATION SUANBISVd JdA1-TaM0Gpea po 11.2 Withdrawal Design Values 11.2.1 Lag Screws 11.2.1.1 The withdrawal design values, in IbsJin. of penetration, for a single lag screw inserted in side grain, with the lag screw axis perpendicular to the wood fibers, shall be determined from Table 11.2 or Equation 11.2-1, within the range of specific gravities and screw diameters given in Table 11.2A. Tabulated nominal design values, W, shall be multiplied by all applicable adjustment factors (see Table 10.3.1) to obtain allowable design values, W’. we1g00Gs70" (1124) 11.2.1.2 When lag screws are loaded in withdrawal from end grain, nominal withdrawal design values, W, shall be multiplied by the end grain factor, Cy, = 0.75. 1.2.1.3. When lag screws are loaded in withdrawal, the allowable tensile strength of the lag screw at the net (root) section shall not be exceeded (see 10.2.3). Table 11.2A Lag Screw Withdrawal Design Values (W)* ‘Tabulated withdrawal design values (W) are in pounds per inch of thread penetration into side grain of main member. Length of thread penetration in main member shall not include the length of the tapered tip (see Appendix L). Specific Gravity Lag Screw Unthreaded Shank Diameter, D G wa" ‘mon | 1a | se” | 3a" | re" [a" | ue" [1-114" 073. | 397 604 | 668 EOE: SPER SEES Balt: 0.68 357 543 | 600 panel 428 | 473 Sf SRS MSI /AMERICANWOOD| |. Tabulated withdrawal design values (W) for lag screw connections shall be mulled by all applicable adjustment factors (see Table 102.1), COUN.NS ae en 11.2.2 Wood Screws 11.2.2.1 The withdrawal design value, in IbJin. of penetration, for a single wood screw (cut thread or rolled thread) inserted in side grain, with the wood screw axis perpendicular to the wood fibers, shall be determined from, ‘Table 11.2B or Equation 11.2-2, within the range of spe- cific gravities and screw diameters given in Table 11.2B. ‘Nominal design values, W, shall be multiplied by all ap- plicable adjustment factors (see Table 10.3.1) to obtain allowable design values, W' W=285067D (1122) 11.2.2.2 Wood screws shall not be loaded in with- drawal from end grain of wood. 11.2.2.3 When wood screws are loaded in withdrawal, the allowable tensile strength of the wood screw at net (root) section shall not be exceeded (see 10.2.3). 11.2.3 Nails and Spikes 11.2.3.1 The withdrawal design value, in TbJin. of penetration, for a single nail or spike driven in the side grain of the main member, with the nail or spike axis per- pendicular to the wood fibers, shall be determined from ‘Table 11.2C o Equation 11.2-3, within the range of spe- cific gravities and nail or spike diameters given in Table 11.2C. Nominal design values, W, shall be multiplied by all applicable adjustment factors (see Table 10.3.1) to obtain allowable design values, W. W=13806"2D 4123) 11.2.3.2 Nails and spikes shall not be loaded in with- drawal from end grain of wood. 11.2.4 Drift Bolts and Drift Pins Drift bolt and drift pin connections loaded in with- p<025" Ta Lp Hl Hy TV Notes: K,=1+0.25(0/90) ‘maximum angle of load to grain (0"<8<90") for any ‘member in a connection iameter, in. (see 11.3.6) Ky=22 for Ds 0.17" k= 10D +05 for0.17" 1/4" are inserted into the end grain of the main member, with the fastener axis parallel to the wood fibers, F,, shall be used in determination of the dowel bearing strength of the main member, Fe. 11.3.3 Dowel Bearing Strength at an Angle to Grain ‘When a member in a connection is loaded at an angle to grain, the dowel bearing strength, Fy, for the member shall be determined as follows (see Appendix J): Fafa Fane 1Sin?6+F,, cos*@ where: 6 = angle between direction of load and direction of ‘gain (longitudinal axis of member) Figure 11B Single Shear Bolted Connection a yy) D ate tel Connections D th 11.3.4 Dowel Bearing Length 1.3.4.1 Dowel bearing length in the side member(s) '))))] and main member, ¢,and €,, represent the length of dowel ‘bearing perpendicular tothe application of oad. The length of dowel bearing shall not include the tapered tip of a fastener for fastener penetration lengths less than 10D. 11.3.5 Dowel Bending Yield Strength 11.3.5.1 Tabulated nominal design values for bolts, lag screws, wood screws, nails and spikes are based on bend- ing yield strengths provided in Tables 11A through 11R. 11.3.5.2 Dowel bending yield strengths, F,,, used in calculation of nominal design values shall be based on yield strength derived using methods provided in ASTM. F 1575 or the tensile yield strength derived using proce- dures of ASTM F 606. 11.3.6 Dowel Diameter 11.3.6.1 When used in Tables 11.3.1A and 11.3.1B, the fastener diameter shall be taken as D for unthreaded full-body fasteners and D, for reduced body diameter fas- teners or threaded fasteners except as provided in 11.3.6.2. For bolts defined in 11.1.2, the fastener diameter shall be taken as D (see Appendix L). ») AMERICANWOOD COUNCILPUNO eo Nt Table 11.3.2 Dowel Bearing Strengths ‘Specifict Dowel bearing strength in pounds per square inch (psi)? t Gravity [~Fe | Fei Fez G D<1/4" | D21/4" | D=1/4"_D=5/16"_D=3/8" D=7/16" _D=1/2" D=5/8"_D=3/4" D=7/8"_ D=1" 0.73 ‘9300 | 8200 | 7750) 6900-6300 5850 5450 4900 4450 4150 3850 072 | 9050 | 8050 | 7600 6800 6200 5750 5350 480043504050 ot 9 605056005250 6850 6100 5550 5150 4850 4300 3950 9650 6700 5950 5450 5050 470042003850 9550 Q 5850 _5350 4800 __ 4150 _3750_ 3500 4850 4500 4200-3750 3450 32003000 4750 4400 4100-3700 3350 3100 2900 4200 3900 3650 3250 2950 2750 2550 5000 4450 4100-3750 3550 3150 2900 26502500 i e 4350.__4350___3950___3650_3450___ 3050 2450 ‘3900 3550-3300 2750 2500 23002160 3750 3450 3200 2650 2450 2250-2100 3350 __31 ep2800 2350 2050. SUANSISV4 3dA1-TaMOg ry 2950 2700 2550 2250 20501900 2850 © 2600-2450 2000 1850 2750 2800 "2200 2050-1850 «165015501450 2750 2100 1950 1750 1600 1500-1400 4900 1700 __1550___ 1400 1700 1600 1400 130012001100 1. Specifc gravity based on weight and volume when oven-y (se Table 11.32A). Different specific gravis () are posible for diferent grads of MSR and [MBL lumber (ee Table 4C, Footnote 2) 2. Fy = 112006; F,, = 61006 F, for Dev F = o00b"S Sowple for De Yai awd BeOS Foye 31m ewe for Ds Yl ork B= OTB eps Vi gai 16600 0; tabulted values ae rounded to the nearest 50 ps AMERICAN FOREST & PAPER ASSOCIATIONAssigned Specific Gri Specific! Gravity Species Combination G ‘Species Combinations of MSR and MEL Lumber. ‘Aspen 039) Douglas Fir-Larch Balsam Fir ‘E=1,900,000 psi and lower grades of MSR Beech Birch Hickory =2,000,000 psi grades of MSR f E=2,100,000 psi grades of MSR Douglas Fir-Larch (North) Douglas Fir-South Eastern Softwoods Eastem Spruce Eastern White Pine 038 a3 046 Mixed Maple 0.55 Mixed Oak 0.68 Mixed Southern Pine 01 i & OAT 0.42. : 0.68 Northern Species 035 Norther White Cedar 031 043 058 0,67. ‘Western Cedars Western Cedars (North) Western Hemlock Engelmann Spruce-Lodgepole Pine 1500f and lower grades of MSR 1650 and higher grades of MSR Hem-Fir =1,500,000 psi and lower grades of MSR E=1,600,000 psi grades of MSR E=1,700,000 psi grades of MSR 2, 100 000 psi grades of MSR E=2,200,000 psi grades of MSR. E=2,300,000 psi grades of MSR E=2,400,000 psi grades of MSR Southern Pine »)) E=1,700,000 psi and lower grades of MSR and MEL. 0.55 E=1,800,000 psi and higher grades of MSR and MEL, 0s7 Spruce-Pine-Fir E=1,700,000 psi and lower grades of MSR and MEL, 0.42, =1,800,000 psi and 1,900,000 psi grades of MSR and MEL 0.46 E=2,000,000 psi and higher grades of MSR and MEL. 0.50 0 1 Ses vibe on wih and vole when vey. Diet psi grvie (6) possible fr fleet ade of SR wh MEL umber (se ‘Tble 4C, Footnote 2). AMERICAN WOOD COUNCILRU DRS aC Re Table 11.3.2B Dowel Bearing Strengths for Wood Structural Panels Dowel Bearing Specific! Strength, Fin Pounds Wood Structural Panel Gravity Per Square Inch G (esi) Plywood ‘Structural 1, Marine 0.50, 4850 Other Grades! 042 3350 ‘Oriented Strand Board All Grades 0.50 4650 {Use G =042 when species ofthe plies snot known. When species of he plies is known, specific gravity listed forthe actual species and the coe ponding dowel bearing stength may be used, or the weighted average ray be used Yor mined species 11.3.6.2 For threaded full-body fasteners (see Appen- dix L), D shall be permitted to be used in lieu of D, when the bearing length of the threads does not exceed 1/4 of the full bearing length in the member holding the threads. Alternatively, a more detailed analysis accounting for the ‘moment and bearing resistance of the threaded portion of the fastener shall be permitted (see Appendix 1) 11.3.7 Asymmetric Three Member Connections, Double Shear Nominal design values, Z, for asymmetric three mem- ber connections shall be the minimum computed yield ‘mode value for symmetric double shear connections us- ing the smaller dowel bearing length in the side member as ¢, and the minimum dowel diameter, D, occurring in either of the connection shear planes. Figure 11D = Multiple Sh Connection Bolted 11.3.8 Multiple Shear Connections Fora connection with four or more members (see Fig- ure 11D), each shear plane shall be evaluated as a single shear connection. The nominal design value for the con- nection shall be the lowest nominal design value for any single shear plane, multiplied by the number of shear planes. 11.3.9 Load at an Angle to Fastener Axis 11.3.9.1 When the applied load in a single shear (two member) connection is at an angle (other than 90 degrees) with the fastener axis, the fastener lengths in the two mem- bers shall be designated €, and €,, (see Figure 11). The ‘component of the load acting at 90° with the fastener axis shall not exceed the allowable design value, Z’, for a con- nection in which two members at 90° with the fastener axis have thicknesses t, = ¢, and ta = €,, Ample bearing area shall be provided to resist the load component acting parallel to the fastener axis. 11.3.9.2 For toe-nailed connections, use the minimum of t, or LIS for ¢, (see Figure 11A). 11.3.10 Drift Bolts and Drift Pins Allowable lateral design values for drift bolts or drift pins driven in the side grain of wood shall not exceed 75% of the allowable lateral design values for common bolts of the same diameter and length in main member. Figure 11E Shear Area for Bolted Connec' Parallel member connection [AMERICAN FOREST & PAPER ASSOCIATION ‘SUINILSV4 3dA1-13M0011.4 Combined Lateral and Withdrawal Loads 11.4.1 Lag Screws and Wood Screws When a lag screw or wood screw is subjected to com- bined lateral and withdrawal loading, as when the fastener is inserted perpendicular to the fiber and the load acts at an angle, c, to the wood surface (see Figure 11F), the allowable design value shall be determined as follows (see Appendix J) weyz" z. Wojcos?a+Z’sin? a where: 1 = angle between wood surface and direction of applied load length of thread penetration in main member, in. ° 11.4.2 Nails and Spikes ‘When a nail or spike is subjected to combined lateral and withdrawal loading, as when the nail or spike is in- serted perpendicular to the fiber and the load acts at an angle, 0, to the wood surface, the allowable design value shall be determined as follows: (weyz" Wo)cosa+2’sina ‘= angle between wood surtece and direction of applied loed length of penetration in main ember in. Figure 11F Combined Lat ind Withdrawal Loading 11.5 Adjustment of Design Values 11.5.1 Geometry Factor, C, 11.5.1.1 When D < 1/4", Cy= 1.0. 11.5.1.2 When D2 1/4" and the end distance or spac~ ing provided for dowel-type fasteners is less than the minimum required for full design value, but greater than ‘the minimum required for reduced design value, nominal design values shall be multiplied by the smallest appli- cable geometry factor, Cy, determined from the end distance and spacing requirements. The smallest geom- etry factor for any fastener in a group shall apply to all fasteners in the group. For multiple shear connections or for asymmetric three member connections, the smallest geometry factor, C,, for any shear plane shall apply to all fasteners in the connection, Provisions for C, are based on an assumption that edge distance and spacing between rows of fasteners is in accordance with Table 11.5.1A and Table 11.5.1D and applicable requirements of 11.1. (@) When dowel-type fasteners are used and the actual end distance for parallel or perpendicu- Table 11.5.1A Edge Distance Requirements? e Distance Direction of Loading Minimum Ed Parallel to Grain: when €/D <6 15D when €/D > 6 1 SD or ¥ the spacing between rows, whichever is greater Perpendicular to Grain: loaded edge 4D unloaded edge 15D Te 1D ratio wed to determine the minimum edge distance call be the leer of {@) length offstene in wood main membeniD = &/D (©) total length offtener n wood ede member(s/D = €/D 2. Heavy of medium concentrated Toads shall not be suspended below the neutal axis of single sav lumber or glued laminated timer beam & apt where mechanisl or equivalent einforcement is provided to resist tension soeses perpendicular to grain (see 38.2 and 10.13). AMERICAN WOOD COUNCK, 2)aeons ory eter Figure 11G Bolted Connection Geometry l sam Parallel to grain loading lar to grain loading is greater than or equal to the minimum end distance (see Table 11.5.1B) for reduced design value, but less than the ‘minimum end distance for full design value, the geometry factor, C,, shall be determined as follows: actual end distance ‘minimum end distance for ful design val (b) For loading at an angle to the fastener, when dowel-type fasteners are used, the minimum shear area for full design value shall be equivalent to the shear area for a parallel ‘member connection with minimum end dis- tance for full design value (see Table 11.5.1B and Figure 118). ‘The minimum shear area for reduced design value shall be equivalent to ¥4 the minimum shear area for full design value. When the actual shear area is greater ‘than or equal to the minimum shear area for reduced design value, but less than the mini- mum shear area for full design value, the geometry factor, Cy, shall be determined as follows: actual shear area ‘minimum shear area for full design val Perpendicular to grain loading Table 11.5.1B End Distance Requirements Minimum End Distances Direction of Loading | Reduced Full Perpendicular to Grain 2D 4D Parallel to Grain, Compression: (fastener bearing away from memberend) | 2D 4D Parallel to Grain, Tension: (Castener bearing toward member end) for softwoods 35D 1D for hardwoods 25D_$D AMERICAN FOREST & PAPER ASSOCIATION. SYaNILSV4 3dA1-TaM0G(©) When the actual spacing between dowel-type fasteners in a row for parallel or perpendicu- lar to grain loading is greater than or equal to the minimum spacing for reduced design value (see Table 11.5.1C), but less than the minimum spacing for full design value, the geometry factor, C,, shall be determined as follows: actual spacing minimum spacing for full design value cy Table 11.5.1C Spacing Requirements for Fastener aRow Minimum Spacing Reduced Full Direction of Loading Design Value Design Value Parallel to Grain 4D. Perpendicular to Grain 3D ‘Required spacing for attached members Table 11.5.1D Spacing Requirements Between Rows*? Direction of Loading Minimum Spacing Parallel to Grain 15D - Perpendicular to Grain! when €D <2 2D when 2<@D<6 (5 €+ L0Dy8 when €/D 26 sD 11.5.3 Diaphragm Factor, C,, ‘When nails or spikes are used in diaphragm construc- tion, nominal lateral design values shall be multiplied by the diaphragm factor, Cy = 1.1 11.5.4 Toe-Nail Factor, C,, 11.5.4.1 When toe-nailed connections are used, nomi- nal withdrawal design values, W, for the nails or spikes shall be multiplied by the toe-nail factor, Cy = 0.67. The wet service factor, Cy, shall not apply for toe-nails loaded in withdrawal. 11.5.4.2 When toe-nailed connections are used, nomi- nal lateral design values, Z, shall be multiplied by the toe-nail factor, Cy, = 0.83, Table 11.5.1 Edge and End and Spacing Requirements for Lag Screws Loaded in Withdrawal and Not Orientation Minimum Distance/Spacing Edge Distance 15D End Distance 4D Spacin 4D Figure 11H Spacing Between Outer Rows of Bolts 1. The €D ratio wed to determine the minimum spacing between rows hal be the leser of (a) length of fastener in wood main memberD = &/D (© toa leogth of fsener in wood side member(s) = /D 2, The spacing between outer rows of fasteners parallcling the member on 2 single pice plate shall not exceed 5" (see Figure 11H 11.5.2 End Grain Factor, C,, 11.5.2.1 When lag screws are loaded in withdrawal from end grain, the nominal withdrawal design values, \W, shall be multiplied by the end grain factor, Cy, = 0.75. 1.5.2.2 When dowel-type fasteners are inserted in the end grain of the main member, with the fastener axis parallel to the wood fibers, nominal lateral design values, Z, shall be multiplied by the end grain factor, C., = 0.67. ‘Spacing between ‘Otte rowe foots s 8° AMERICAN WOOD COUNCIL yl »)Paes SR Re Ne 11.6 Multiple Fasteners 11.6.1 When a connection contains multiple fasten- rs, fasteners shall be staggered symmetrically in members loaded perpendicular to grain whenever possible (see 3.1.2.2 and 10.3.6.2 for special design provisions when bolts, lag screws or drift pins are staggered). 11.6.2 When a multiple fastener connection is loaded at an angle to grain, the gravity axis of each member shall pass through the center of resistance of the group of fas- teners to insure uniform stress in the main member and a uniform distribution of load to all fasteners. SUaNSLSV4 3dA1-TaM0a AMERICAN FOREST & PAPER ASSOCIATIONBOLTS Py Table 11A BOLTS: Design Valu Poeun Connections*? [E5 61 for Sawn Lumber or SCL with both members of identical specific gravity = dd ou dakdl es = Eee 32/52/86 Red Oak Douglas FirLarch | Douglas Fit-Larch (N) Heri (N) oa ene |e fale ae og elo Bolle elenete eveteve|weleve|elotete oto ele EE IG NS BG Sletelelettaaisle el aeleelaieicicts PRR REE EEE PEPE EEEEEEEY: 350 200] $80 360-960 260] 850 340 O40 250) 820" 320 0 200 8] 940 550 500 430] 770 470 470 390] 700 420 420 700] G00 410 410 2a0| 650 280 280 250 av} rave] sw | 1190, 690, 680 480] 630 540 540 360] @80 480 480 10) 30 470 470 300] 700 440. 440_ 280 ca Bee 80 400 420-350 61070970310) 610 360-300-900) 990 O40 200270 07> 660 630 820] 990 560 400 300] asd 620 420 340/20 820 420 390] 780 470 390 200 cools) 3/10 Sah Se fin Soe ee ie So) be ae sen Yana] 8.4 De oME ae [a0 a7 ela oa a fm: ef8 sl up: ged a a : 770400560 210) @o0 a00 470 MeO) 610 370 «a0 aa} 810 seo" aaa) 90" 40 400.310 1670 90 700 59] 940 Seo 620 so] m0 S20. S40 4] O70 S20 520 450] O30 470 400 <0 | 34 1050 S60. Sno. 77| roto, 6, Sa So 200. 60.610. sto on S50 S80 S| 40 a0. S50 Sco Ppa ere ee 2042) "S10 990} 670" 260--470""360| 660-960" 100 te) co on also) 0 eo at] oS) se ao] se oo ao aa] oo ae se ce ON 2 a}saul St io Sn si ee] boo. Tm | oS so Stoo. Sita, 0 Sp, uo a a rg m0“ le 200° 890.70) 1960" 7B 780, a0 ane ee 120 eo Sho Ten) 70. TdT aol 1a) oO 700 S110 v2| 2 | eo 1100 190 geo] 10 0 eo. 0| 110, a70. B70. od Ira are ra errr 4 “a7 600700 890] G40 S60 G40 C00] €00- S20 S00" 400) 870 "S20" B00 400) 800. 470800420 “450 690 990.780] 1270 650 850 660] 1200 500 790 580] 1100 560. 780 SEO] 1140. 520. 740 520 19] - 0 4 80 70 0 ante 0510. 500 00) “aco 460410 1070 650 650 500 ‘40, 800600. $60 “ie 680620 629] 100056009082 4630900 1050.00] 1390 770890. 60) sue] ra a 0 i pret See eae 24s 4 TH70. 7a0 720" 680} 1120 700 700690] 110 680720620] 19/0 650 600 S00 ea 1600 950 100050] t810_ 670 1090 70] r600_ 950 r010 76] 140.800. G70 0 ea joes lee ask Oe sia 11h aaa een ol 680 p00 i 710 pains ba Nabe 7a] poet the if Le ie] 1290 800060780) 1170 7a" 700 G80] 1120-700. ra0 20/1110. 600 720-620] 1070 "650.600 S20. al g3i,| 1860, 1190. 1240 1020] 690 960 1090. aso] 1610.70. 1090. 780] 1600 860.1010. 750) 1540 800 $70 710 “T Tabaited itera deen values (| for botedconnecione sal be mulled by al applcabl adusentfacors (se Taba 101 2 Tabulted tera sign vales (2) are for" meta bots (soo Apparat} wit boing ylsStongth qf 45,000 pa AMERICANWOOD COUNON te RR nent Table 11A BOLTS: Design Values (Z) for Single Shear (two member) (Cont.) _ Connections** I ° for Sawn Lumber or SCL with both members of identical specific gravity - 7 cose ey eee o al alt Spenser at] owe o-ose cost Yieson Coos o-ose 45/88|84|_ ak once net _| Redossiopen grin) |_Westomfcoss | _Norwer Spots bl efole mm aly mm ale mw mw ae mm ale mm mu w i {in.|in, |e ewe tbe | ts ibe te ts. | he betes. | bs Bs_Wee s/he. ibe be, be. GRY 10 250 250 H80) a0 240 240 170) aed FIO 210 WaOt S60 200 200 190] a0 200 200190 538] 520 200 200 to] S10 290 290 100) 450 250 250 t60] 40 240 240 150] 420 240 240 150, val sva| us| 620 950 350 ato] s10_ 4040210) 540. 200290 170) 520.200. 280 170, S00 270 270. 160 we] 490 290-200 210) 470 280 260 200) 420 280 250 170) 410 240 240 100) QW 200 250 160 8 | 600 350 350 230} 90 340 340 220] 20 200 200 100] S10 200 280 80] 400 270 270 170, a4 | 720 400 400 260) 710 360 300 >40| 630 340. 540. 200) 610. 390. 330 160] S00. 320 300 190 Wa] 98020 310 280) S40 S20 900 240) 600290 250-200) 400 260240190) 470 280. 240 160 8] 730 420 ¢0 270] 710 410 350 270) 630 350 300 220] G10 390 290 210] 500 320 280 210 4 | 870 460 410 00] 50.450 400 200) 750 370 340. 240) 740. 360390. 290] 710 360 320 200, j sale i i 2a) san 3vz|sae 31 |1130 540. 520 ato] 1120, 590. 510 420 320] 970 410 410310, 00400 100 @20 600 3a| 34 | 1450740. 740 "0. 49 430.360] 620.400" 400° 390) G10 300 300 970] COO 200 “380 10 1020 580 590 440] 960 520 $20 370] 950 500 500 360] 930 420 490 240 1420720 80 85 233i 720,480] 1250 650650 400] 1220 690630 300 620 €20 570 ee eee ee ee ee ee 3 sa m0 a2) aan Sm] 100 0 0 Sue] S03 | 0 SS) Se cal oo Seo ae i va] S| co sco Soo sur] H0 ss $50 eile aie sto so] Se ae aes oe] ae eas F ’ : i 4 3 ‘ “iz | 800 300 ad AON) SEO 800" 500 DO S00 800 SD cell GeO Dae MEO SO Boe et 3 i ts loo fae Fae calies oe ander] ese H Sir is0_o f)Sal eee z a 3 a 20460520 360 530 350 ‘| 760 420" S30-<10) 760 410620 400) 720 860 470360) 710300 460 390 4] 1100 460 s60 460] 1080450670 450] 1010 370 560 370] 990 360. 540 360 32 402 Se] e40 460 560 410) 620 470550 410] 760 400 800 STO 140 380 480 380] 780 370 470" 350 5 ve|1 3 [| 1190 S40 700. S40] 1120 590 680. 520] O40 430 570 430] 1020 420 560. 420) 1000, 410. 540410 S38 | 1040 G00 660 $20) 1020 500 650 520) 960. S20 -610 460} 50. 500 500 440) Ga) 400 S80 420 3 12|ySé,| 1490 _740 800. 40] 1480. 730.980 520] 1300. 850 750. 520) 1370. 630,730. S00) 130 620.710 480 TPB] 700" 420" 830. 410) 780 $10 520" 400) 720 a6) 470-350) 710 510" -460 200) 700 820450 20 + aly] 1100, 460,700. 460] 1080 450.690. 450} 1010. 370. 580.370) 990 350.570 360] G70 360 550 360, 512 ‘88 | 1040 G00 "660 S90) 1020 580 650 S20) 960 G20 510 460] 250 500 500 440] 90-400 S80 430 3 1alg4 | 1490 740 $20. 860| 1480 730 900. 640| 1300 650 770 §30| 1970 630 750. 520] 1220 620. 720,600 TY se] too" 420" 580" 410) 720. 410. 520. 400) 720. 350. 470° 350) 710-390-460” so0) 700 220 450 520 + rafgSi4,1100,_ 480 700 _480| 1060450 G80 480] 1010 370 690 370] 990 360 620 240) 70 360. 600.360 112 ‘88/1040 600” ee0 630) 1020 660 680-820) 060 S20 610 460) 960 S00 S00 a4] 90400280400 vali) 1480740 920 950| 1480 730 910640] 1360 650. 840. 560] 1370630 20. S50) 1390. 620 B10. E40 TTabuiid lateral doi values 2) for Botea conactons shal be muplos by al appabieaustnent tacos (esa Tabe 1057), 2. Tabuttadlatrl des values (2) ae for "ul camot balls (soe Append) wi banng veld svength (of 5,000 pa. AMERICAN FOREST & PAPER ASSOCIATION,ible 11B BOLT: Connections*? for Sawn Lumber or SCL with 1/4" ASTM A36 steel side plate 2) for Single Shi r (two member) 5 5 Main Member 5 Side Member lc-o.67 Red Oak Mixed Maple Isoutnem Pine \o=0.58 as FieLarch (N) loro. [Douglas Fi-Larch lo=0.49 Ic-0.46 Douglas Fits) Hem-FitN) lo-o.42 lo-0.37 Redwood [spre Pino FS) \wester Cosas \Westem Woods \e=036 plz in. | hs. Zz Ibs. wy [Sruce-Pine-Fir Ea 2 [Ease Softoods los._Ibs, TE] a0 818 | 910 31a | 1090 2] 810 5/8 | 1020 ia | 1220 i ‘2 | 930 58 | 1370 3 | 1640 lee 12 | 930 518 | 1370 2 | 1900, 38 | 1370 ais | 1900 5/8 | 1370 si | 1900 1370 3900 420 480] 560] “469 520] 500] “00 670 820 860] 900] 360) 140] a 1140) 360 1140] "1260760 1740 1000] 1260-760) 1740, 1000] "1260 760) 1740, 1000) ‘16 | 1900 718 | 2530 +_}3260 140] +460] 1820] 740. 1000) 2320 1280| 2980 _1500| 1050-560] 1450 620] 80} 080 579) 1480_ 640) 050570 1450 _ 750 7450 750) 1920 979) 2470 4200) THB] 2530 +_|3260_1820| 7460) [2320-1280] 2080 _ 1590] [3260-1820] 28801600] 1820 879) 2470 120 strength (F,) of 87 [AMERICAN WOOD COUNCIL 1. Tabulated lateral design values (2 or boted connections shal be mulled by all applicable austment factors (see Table 10.3.1), 2, Tabulate lator design valves (2) ars for “ul lameter” bolts (see Appendix L) with bending yal stength (F,) of 45,000 pel and dowel beating 300 psi for ASTM ASG stool. TL" lo-o.35 wy [Northern Species [24701200] 2420 1180.BOLTS DOWEL-TYPE FASTENERS: Ell 3 0 (4) wBuans PK Bupueg Lips (] xpuaddy 2es) syod Wo1eUrEp I 296) s1308) uetuenfpe oygeondde re Aa ponds aq feYS SuORD—LUOD | sonyen ubjsop v0.4 paronae. 2 (2) samen ubrsep reas] pavengeL “t O8& 029 09 066 Josy 069 OSy O801|o9y OOL OB OOLilozs Obz OzS OPttl06S O62 065 oOzL|o99 ose o99 ouzt| we |“*!| MED ce 057 O9t ot [oor ors Oly Oe, oir ges oct 61 loce 00s ay ore loor_o6s_ocs_O9s os 6 |B “ ~ Oe rr jossUt ri “ LY OS O8€ 06s 098 009 Joy 000 OE GHOLTOBY 019 OsF oolt|ozs ov G2SOvitl0es 06/68 ne Sor O66 Otc [oor es oly our oly Ges ocr eu locy 09g ocr O%8 logy os “Tosa ose o99 zene |b} = [poe ope _ooe_ore |e 082 OLE O9E 068 [OSE OGY OSr OFOI|O9 OF OB” OBOLloly OFS ozs Celt logy OLS 06s OOZ| - - ~ ~ [re [ae] ene O82 ee cE OL foce Oo» O1r OBL locE ovF ocr ose lose os ocr Geo foxy oos oes O8e'| Jas rat os [ose oot oe oss lose ose_ove_oss_ [ot ge} ee 080 o7zi [ve |Z | oss 08s ore | os ue coy 099 |Z Gee Oee OGe Onc Jose OOF OY O88 OE —Oiy Cor 018 l0ce Oar Oce Ove low Um GsN ocell re |zs | nz Giz O62 oce O10 fovz ost ovr o1z loze ose vcr ocz love ose ocr osc love oEr azo ose a SGi_ovz_06c_06r love oe Oet ove lose sve oct oss love oct ore oss Ine we we uo le casa eg a] tease Sa] Saag S| SAT aoe | Se sa sa wo Z™z Uz lz 2 zi “2 zz) M2 zz 2 Zz zie zz zlalal| s a ——”—— a RITaREG | emTeaReG |e] |e | = ursvsomis | eroro cro or0-9 wo eee ee | 6 ‘960-5 2) e] z alae gl ele Seo CB ‘Aynei8 oyloads jeonuapt jo Jequau apis Jequiny uMes URN JOqWIALL UIeUH JOqULL, PSyeULUE" poniD 404 zSUORIOUIOD (JequIOU! OM3) EOS OISUIS 105 (Z) SONIEA UZISEq ‘S108 OTT cgen e . @ a) : | : |Poa Ti 11D BOLTS: Design Values (z) for ‘Single Shear (two member) Connections+? J for Glued Laminated Timber with 1/4" ASTM A36 steel side plate BOLTS Ta ooo § k oe gla]a 2 3 a as 2 |g = é E £ 2 §|5 § a ce - = 2/2/28) 98 at gat gt 38 ag §)]3l| 33 a3 ges us ge gas g/8 | 88 $8 ba i $8 &3 te | th o cay Zu zy zu a a a qu a qu a qu [in| in | me os | toe, te | te, os | bs. te | es | es ‘|= - > e040) 780 amo] 74060] 720 sao] a0 200 se = | sas 47] 80420] 820 oo] 10300] e000 zve| me | aw] | aro seol 1180 400] 1110. 480] 1000 440] 96070 ] 0 s- SS se) mo eof. 2 |) fF | ll dt = |e ioe Ee eonle eles ee ee ee ‘a, == | e040) 800.4) 770410) —770~——a00y 720-330 se} > > | ato 550) 1100 500] 1110 460) 1000 as0| 960380 sie) um | ae): | sao aol 1420 seo] 1340. sto], 1310 soo] 1150 420 Ohi es a ss Ss Ss s | ve bil 1740 too | ee : se] - = | 1210 710) 1160 670) 1130 @40) 1120630) 1050 550 ais} | 1670 940) 1610 40] 1860760) 1550 740) 1450810. 518] 18 se | 1260 760] 1210710) 1160 @70| 1130 eo] 1120630] 1050570 ax! 14 la24 1.1740 1000] 1670 sao} 1610800] 1560 850] 1550 840} 1450750 40 0 a eee ge ree] 5 fea eae rte asa) ieee | : aa] 1670 40) 1610 690] 1560 850] 1850 aao| 1460 760 eas} | re] - 2220 1210] 2140 1130] 2070 1080 2050 1070/1920 970 1 | - _- | 2860 1500| _2750__1420| 2670 1350] 2600 13301 _2470_ 1160 iw SS -==. ~e sor} ua] MP Zee em PP Pe a yoaal aa 78[ ~~ | 2220 1210) 21401130) 2070 1080] 2060 1070] 1920 970 1 | - = | 2860 15002750 _ 1420] _2670__1350| 26401390] 24701200 yaa) aa] 7| - > | 2220 1210) 2140 1130] 2070 1080] 2060 1070] 1920 870 1 |. = | 2860 1500] _2760_1420| 2670 _1350| 2640 1330] _2470_ 1200 rata) ie [1 ‘2660 1600] 2760 1420] 2670 1950] 2640 130] 2470 1200 1 Tabada esgn values (2) for bated conrectons shal be Wtipled bya applcableedustrent acors fee Table 10.3.7} 2, Tabulates lateral design values (Z) are for “ull diameter” bolts (see Appendix L) with bending yield strength (Fx) of 46,000 psi and dowel bearing strength (F,) of 87,000 psi for ASTM A386 ste! AMERICAN WOOD COUNCIL.DU RUS at RN Table 11E BOLTS: Design Values (Z) for Single She: “e Connections*234 for Sawn Lumber or SCL to concrete Three ey once ester 8 = g ree sel 4 R re : - a & fe 5 a pened : z ae 3 a Fail i) oa a | a Jin Fy 5 ahs) a | a gs 3 geh | i533 | 08 a Sadr eee eee ee elie fe lee ae reser 1. Talis irl dai value (2) fer ted eparacons Ta be lad by aT Spat wusnet ks a Table TOT 2 Toba lateral design values (2) aro“ darter tos Soe Append L) wih bending il arena (Fg) 45000 pl 53 Tebuaed aera desig vans (2) we bass on dowel bearng strength) 8.00 psf concrete wth mir f0=200 pt | e 46 anche ombecmont aaumed ‘ 1 i [AMERICAN FOREST & PAPER ASSOCIATIONSeared oy ( Table 11F BOLTS: Design Values (Z) for Double Shear (three , - member) Connections** —--=6 all for Sawn Lumber or SCL with both members of identical specific gravity a i i oss onoss lsilail oz vehi os oa voogastt) i a|__sesen. Scmentien | ongestiacr | oomasraiemoy| Roce wlefefa x omla a mle a mle ax mle aw mw mtn jn [es tele: ee cei me te me 2 | Teo sor sto] sao 1850 vo) i310 tow sm] taeo toon em] 1 GO tt va} vel | zo feo wo] roo soto tao tro sun] eo tap sat) tego ST TPitz 0 toon eo te tea ead 80 TO So Iwo ar Se To 58 | zs foro Go] teoo 00 To] amo wom ovo] ito too] a sean, tax] sau] a aco sor suo, zon isso To] mio _s7o se] co t310_ es] 16001210 _ cn 2] 190 ow tay tam 600 8 e00 TO Tay eNO TO Too MED OO TD | nso sa10 4] toro 30 son] reo vo bo] 740 Toa ee] 10) BHO TaD ava}iva| | apo 77 Soo) ao ses] stn to_ se] ste tao tl an i 58 | zis s310 ist ero soo amo eo tio, tn| tro tov] toon sw so val au | zo, 79 sso) 550 ‘eso 20 si70” sro] 200130. 10] 2260 101210 Te] feo fon f169 1400650 m0] HH) Oop sto Oem ee oe se | aso iso tes] two seo en] seeo 070 tae] tea tH 120] 760 1000 1000 21m] rae] ae | Sen sa cam ro isn] aio, tt] tensor nae ep too te te) eo) tao ao ta) oro a hdl ioe eo se| 250 $70 rm] 20 te80 van) zoe veto 120] 2220 1300 zo] 20 0 180 sve [ su S70 2580 rao tossed] tise) sto) 170)_ ‘310,009 oto to ~ 8] 2150 1310 1510/1870 1130 1290] 1760 1040 1190] 1740 1090 1170] 1880 940 1110. 1 age 2070) 0150 fon 2tn S70 a Zen 108] 226) o_o 30] aio ts sen) tow s160 eo] Tee) “070 “Tay tosd tow rasp Teo oor ed sal vv feel iio ati aro reso eo] 2510 1370 tan] 2400_ 310 16) 2570 1311380 Er aoe pil ue 2206 2d) sp toto sts sto rs ate 3'00_ 797] Smo to fre i 1a pe 200770) 550 150 fsa foe Zen 0 It) 226) 049 eee sia a va pr 2802s m0 Tost) sz 170 st] st00_ 700 210) 3080 elo 10 TPs aso is sto ee too tap tren ao ti) tren too ri se oe tee 1a ie 220 177050) 850 129 je] 260 1170 a 200150 1a] 2280 fad 80 se) 20 717 er sve [ee | ars 200 2a 2e9| soo 17 2st 7000] 0801810 180 AMERICAN WOOD COUNCIL tantra cos vate 2 or bot cannactons sabe mule ysl epee agua acer (ae Taba 103° utd aera deg vate (2 ae or Ta date” bat ou Repersh) wieandg ye arengh (8000 ps.Noa ee NT oo Table 11F BOLTS: Design Values (Z) for Double Shear (three member (Cont.) 10 Connections*? for Sawn Lumber or SCL with both members of identical specific gravity w = —=92 q 18006401050) 1570 €30 1040) 480 690940) 1430080 s20) Ae 21e0 220.400] 2100 800 100] 20t0_ 740 1250) 1080720123 690 40900) 1570, ‘%} 450 0a ‘100670 0 72 1290 870 eo] 2058 720600 2100 990 13a) 200 140 1 1260 : 3 ‘woo 270 870 note 1590640105) ico 160 a7 se 4300] 2740 “169 i 210% 20 1090-121) mor ase eh 2 Talat nea Seat vals 2 are Wl ame ba (os Append) Wn bard els org () 4000p. AMERICAN FOREST & PAPER ASSOCIATION ' ces alala oneal wo dltldl es oo con | BES? | oes 33/83/88 Ham Spruce-Pine-Fir__| Redwood (open grain) | __ Western Woods _Noxtheen Species efelel2 mw mle mule me ale en ele me Sei Ses Sst Sra Sag Set Shh Sh Sha Es i rel cBelck ademas ineeesiakei= | a] ae a nto net accel etd nla oe alco ante e rene ieee ee SSeS sala ata] a Soe elses as ‘SUINILSV 3dA1-13M00 ‘160 +280 a0 ‘TTabutiditers! dean ves orbs armacors sel bend by al apleble gusta ac (ee Tele 1031).Pores Table 11G BOLTS: Design Values (Z) for Double Shear (three member) Connections+? TT P for Sawn Lumber or SCL with 1/4" ASTM A36 steel side plate BOLTS Thness = ia TS te i 5 . 5 é ee aly af) 2] 2h t | ¢| gil gs wt lelt| of led ee tl 2/6| 38 | 822) 88 | es ge ge | BEe |e $8 8 §)8)3| ¢3 | 223 | 2 | Bee i | ge | est i] gs 2/8/8| 82 | 833 | 4 gz & | GS | 38s |oa5: bf tw |e) O14 2/4 21/4 2l4 2A Ala AlA AlA Alm AlA A [| in| te ts.| he. ts.| hs, ts| hs. tbs-[is, is. |ibs. bs. oss oe s.| we ts.| sts. iz fais Tan Tso Sea} 1080970] T03OaeO|_ GTO 420] wT SO] aad a7) 78] s10] 70200) 730200 [1760 810] 1440 670] 1910 500] 1200 S20] 1210 470,190 420|1100 410] 970. 350| 950 330] 910 320 +172| 1] te |2110 800] 1730 G20] 1680 590] 1550 S60] 1450. 520] 1950. 460] 1320. 450| 1170 370] 1140 360] 1400 350 | “VB ei0" 860] 1950. e40] 1250 $50] 7200 S00, 7190 400 O50 4601090400) 910 S60) 800 B40) 050 300 ‘5m {2080 940] 1680 710] 1830 610] 1600 600] 1410 $80] 1910 490| 1200 480|1190 400] 1110 380] 1070 970 1 a1| | 3 | 2460 1040] 2020 770] te40_ 680] 1800. G60| 1690 G00| 1590. 540| 1540 530] 1360, 430] 1930 420] 1280 410 ‘2 [1870 1210] 1720 910} 1650 790] 1640 760] 58 |2740 1340|2400 1020]2180 880|2150 860) 3520 1480] 2880 1110] 2630 980] 2580 940] Ste el pel “v2 [1870 1240} 1720 1100} 1650 1030} 1640 1010) 1860 970| 1640 690] 1520 660] 1450 720] 1490 680) 1410 G70 5/8 | 2740 1720| 2510 1420| 2410 1280] 2390 1200] 2330 1080|2260 980] 2230 960|2110 810|2080 70|2060 740 3.172 114| 344 [2800 2070| s480 1560| 3340 1370| 3320 1310| 3220 1210|3120 1080] 3080 1050] 2720 870| 2660 _840|2560 810 Hal lt ‘2740. 1720] 2510 1810] 2410 1420] 2800 1400] 2530 1340] 2060 1280] 2230 1270] 2110 1170] 2000 1140] 2060 1120, ‘3800 2290] 3480 2000] 3340 1890] 3320 1850] 3220 1780] 3120 1610] 3080 1580] 2920 1300] 2860 1260) 2840 1220 "1500 640] 1470-610) 1300 510] 1270 490] 1220 480 +880 700] 1840 690] 1620 580] 1580 550] 1520 530, 580 2a] a 2250 770] 2200 750) 1950 620) 1900 609] 1830, ss] 14 ‘ie [2740 17201 2510 1510] 2410 1420] 2990 1400] 2390 1340] 2260. 1280] 2250 1270]2110 1170) 2090 1140] 2060 1120 5 11| 11 | 34 | 3800, 2290] 2480 2000] 3240. 1890] 3320 1850] 3220 1760] 3120 1690] 090 1650] 2020 1360] 2890 1320] 2040, 1280 @ [2140 1720] 2510 1510) 2410 1420] 2990 1400] 7330 1340] 2260 1280] 2290 1270]2110 1170] 2090 1140] 2060 1120 712 | + | 4 | 3800, 2290] 2480 2000| 3340 1890] 2320 1850] 3220 17a0| 9120. 1690] 2090 1670| 2020 1530] 2800 1500] 2640 1480 "3800 2290) 3480 2000] 3340 1890] 3820 1650] 3220 1780] 3120 1600] 3000 1670] 2020 1520] 2600 1900|2640 1480 5060 2990] 4630 2570] 4440 2410] 4410 2360] 4280 2260| 4150 2160] 4110 2130| 3880 1960] 3840 1930] 3770 1870, 11_|6520 36405960 3160|5720 3000] 5670 2040) 5510 2640] 5330 2700) 5280 2660| 4900 2440] 4930 2400] 48602350 Tra) aa} 7] 8080 2830) 4630-2570] 4440-2470] 4410 2300) 4260 2260] 4150 2160] 4110 2190] 9860 1860] 3640 7990]3770 1670 11_|6520 3640 5960 3180| 5720 3000 §670 2040) 6510 2840] 5330 2700) 5280 2660] 4990 2440] 4930 2400] 4850 2350. Tawa] Ta] 1 [6520 3640] 5960 3180] 8720 3000] 8670 2640) 8510 2840] 6930 2700] 5260 7860] 4980 2440] 4930 2400] 4850 2950 *,Tabulated lateral design values (Zor bolted connections shall be muliplied by al applicable adustment factors (see Table 10.3.1). 2. Tabulated lateral design values (2) are for “ull ameter” bolts (see Appendix L) with bending led strength (F) of 45,000 pst and a dowel bearing strength (F,) of 87,000 psi for ASTM A36 stoo. v2] a4 AMERICAN WOOD COUNCILSS ara Table 11H BOLTS: Design Values (Z) for Double SI Connections*? for Glued Laminated Timber main member with sawn lumber side member of identical species } 3/3 0.50 0.36 Hote f] cnoss | oamuere ae 22 _ | sprceomnris) 9818 218 8|_soutmpie | Sen Kemet | spuce-Pinesr | Westom Woods te fe PD] Ze Ze Zul Ze Zax Zul Ze Ze Zl Ze Ze Zul Ze Zi Zu; Ze Zu Zw in. | in. | in. | tos. tbs. tbs. | tos. _tbs._tbs. | tbs. tbs. _ibs.| tbs._tbs._tbs.| tbs. _tbs._Ibs.| ibs. _ibs._ibs. w2| - ~~ ]¥280 730 790) 1160 680 700|1100 650 640|1080 640. 610] 960 560 400 sa| - - —- |1760 1040 880] 1660 940 780|1590 e40 70/1570 830 90] 1430 660 550 22| 1121 36 2400 1170 980] 2280, 1040__860)2100, 920, 770|2160_ S00, 750 7320 800 940 ieee 6 se 5 «ile ao 3)5 3 a]/5 2 6 2550 1330 1330] 10060 760] 1080640740 560 610 940 980|1690 #40 a80|1570 630 260] 1430 660 680 040 soso] 2120, 220 960|2360_ 900 240) 1990. 720. 750 2 “gota 360] +1090] ee hiser ‘840 1050] 314 2190 920 1400 56) 1 12] 3 fy [2190 9: 1 BiB | 1870 1130 1290) 1590 640 1050] .21|1 v2] 4 [2550 1390 1990 12190. 920 +400) 7 Tabuiated lateral design valves (2 for bolted connections shal be mulipieg by all appicable adjustment factors (eee Table 1031) 2. Tabulatd lateral design values (2) are fr “ull diameter bolts (see Appendix L) with bending yield strength (Fy) of 45,000 ps. 1e® AMERICAN FOREST & PAPER ASSOCIATION SUANALSV4 3dA1L-TaMOG” 5 ° r Table 111 BOLTS: Design Values (Z) for Double Sh Ped r (three member) Connections*? for Glued Laminated Timber with 1/4" ASTM A36 steel side plate Thickness 5 5 g g 2 38 z\2 7 Ez 2 £2 i} a3 eat ge a4 s/3|3| 33 ges ga ga 2/8|8 & bas §3 bas wlefolm afta al x m2 nly 2B i | tm | in i 5 2a] vm} am 78 hi 12 5 2 | wm} am 7 4 B 12 ‘e50 600 50 2410 1009 ave} sm} a 7 1 3 a s | m| 4 i 36 “27 as | +549 sie} | 38 bag a 1 i 36 2410 2200 1210 4 40 +670 eau] | 2 ea Bg se oer eee eee eee ee eve} ve} re} 460 asl > | sf | lt a i a aa]: = | aaa —ia00) —Saz0 iran] —sra0 1680) — 060 Tava) 2800 —Ts00 ean) sa] re] > > | a4ao ato] 4260 2260) 4150 2160] | 41102130, 3940 1090 = + |: = | s720 3000) _s510 __ze40) 5390 2700] 52802000] 48902400 a a a town} 4 | 4 | 5060 3180) - : : 7 : i i 2 i 2 Toad we PB] «| aaa 20] — az — 2a) — ago —Pie0] —ar70 — ara] —sev0 — tas + | 2 2 | s720__3000| _s510__2e40) 5390 2700] 52802600) 49902400 pale) BT 44402610} 42802260] —a150 2160] —ar10 2130] —3e40 1930 + |: + | 5720 3000] 510 _2e40| 5390 2700) 5260 2660] 4800 _ 2400 saul aa [+ [| 5720 —-a000) — 5510 2e40] 5390 — 2700} 52802680] — 4950 2400 1. Tabulated lateral design values (2) or bolted connections shall be malted by al applicable adjustment factors (see Table 10.3). 2. Tabulated lateral design values (2) are for “Yul dlameter" bolts (see Appendic L) with bending yeld strength (F,) of 45,000 psi ‘and dowel bearing strength (F,) of 87,000 psi for ASTM A386 steel 9 AMERICANWOOD COUNCILora re ‘ This page left blank intentionally. AMERICAN FOREST & PAPER ASSOCIATION SUaNSISV4 3dA1-TaM0a fePoa mln [ee pe te tte | eee ete | ees | sete, | ee zp a | mo 1 to] tao 90 100 eo] ado Deo] tad) aie | 70 $30 430 120] 50 110. 20. 100) 150 100 110 100) tao 100 110 go] 40100100 Si8| too 130 __130_120)_ 160 s10_s70_wo)_ 150100 _1t0_oo|_ts0_90_110 4090100 waa | 400120130" tao] 140 —t00 10" 100) 130 80100 sof 190 80 100 G0) 120 90 50 se | 90 40 40130) 180 110. 420110) 80 110110 100) 150 100110 100) 150 100 M100 ——— ” Table 11) LAG SCREWS: Design Values (Z) for Single Shear (two member) Connections*?* = fo Sonnurber or wth bath manbersf enc sect gay @ Ou y onass ne zt onoer vse ona oo oon) ” BE a Red Oak Souhem Pine. Douglas Frc ougls Fecarch (N) emf) wlolm mm ale mm ale mm ale mm BL w BM me % Se | 190 120440120] 470 _110_ 129100) 160 100110 100] _160_ 0011099160 _100_ 190 ae | 480040 tan) 1501104200) 140400140100] 14000110 oo] 99.100 ano | 210 150° 100 140) 180 120 190 t20| 470 110 120 100) 160 10 120 too) Te 100110 ‘se | 210140160 #90] 100120190110, 170110120100] _w70_90_120_100|_160_100_110 7 [iw Paso 4014040) —te0 120120420) —s60 120120440] H80 110180140) 50. s10.—«N10. «0 sne| 250 170. 70 te0| 210 140 t50 130) 190 130 140 120] 190 120 MO 20] 180 2099110 se |_ 299160 _70_ 160) 210150 150_ ra) ol 190 120140410] _160 110 _190_100 Tie] tm] ie 4014040) 160120” 120 raf “Hof 150140410 f10) 160110110100 sie| 29 170° 70 160) 210 160. 150140 foo] 200 14> tuo $20] $90 1304010 ‘Me | 290 170170160] 210160150100 30) 200 130 two t20|_ 1901200 wo Tie] sm] 1004014040) 160 ¥20™ 120 ra) stag 110140410) 460170490100 +0 iq] 1010 550 68040) ‘550 20 1000 740] 1370 680 880 600 + | so40 9901270 _oso|_1680__ 901060 729 aie] ue | 190140 40 aol t60 120 120 129 180 15014] eo 500 60 S10) 820. se) 680 0 ssp 700 6102) 1280660 780 570 ‘730 _fa_to4o 2] 4670 _750_1000__ 660 Mio 74) 740. est 10 te | 1550 S90 1000 60] 400 800 B80 Tio) 1340 720 DA "P| zos0_40_t270_so%0|_1050_30_1120_aio|_1740_250_1080___740 [7 Taare Tra dation vs (2) ab ped yt appcabva auton Tas (08 Tene TO. 2. Tebuated trl sain vue (2) ee for Yedued rater body lap sro 268 Append) arg inte an wth screw xs papal o woo fs ‘nun srw penatoon,, to the mai mame qual 60; aew baag ald sro Fr = 7000 palorO = Hi» 60000 plforD = 8/1 Fy = 45,000 ps er D> 88 4. When 40s ablaed a design vs (2) sabe mes by 30. ‘AMERICAN WOOD COUNCILDs 13 24) LAG SCREWS: Design Values (2) for Single Sheai le (Cont.) (two member) Connections*=* =p for Sawn Lumber or SCL with both members of identical specific gravity hela os a 1 dnl Fetner °o j on con acre os § 82 | 98 Spucaton Redood egen srr Wester Woods Nora Species 0 cis eeu ale une a[h ew ele eee BR HS allk ae eeeeaeleececes ecnices rs Se cicetie estat se ceck access we | 1 970 11070 07 100-7060 ao)_tw vo oY S16 90 100 w| 190 «80 «9 ~ao] 130 BO 10D ry Sees al rte oe eo tie ere tcl = pegs sop oe ee 9 110 90) 40 90100 ao|_ 130809070] 1307 (ee mist ciet idleness ioe est cite te toast ects oe 9 2 9 9 ge ee se 2 ee Seat itsto tones tena ane aes iuicota eck seisemesees eo eg ee ee 380570360) 50 ‘10710 _410|_ 1080 410 $90 120) 170 ‘SUINILSV4 3dAL-TaM00 "to" a0 20 o_o _es0_30|_fora_s70_t40_70 210 490790 _ 400) 40410490109 570 470 eo 390 1190630790400 ‘wo 110140109 20 49012 $20 _ 129 ‘40 10010000} *30 100 t00 a 80190 ‘0650420 2 _ e060 e085) i se10_740__ 980 _ 60) ‘oo _e20_660__580)_14s0, e {Talis srl dag vais (2 aa be idee ya spleae bat acs (ese Tale 7031) 2 Tatler dln valun 2 aro for "roduc aot" screws (ee Append) nse in te gan wi eew as paren to wood bes, nam stew pana, pio he mala membst equal 1b. srew beng yu seer Fes 7000 pl for D = Fig = 60,000 pal for = 86% Fa = 48000 pl forD = A" {When 4Dsp<4D auld lteral deg vos 2) habe ues by 80, /AMERICANFOREST & PAPER ASSOCIATION.Poemasoa ci 11K LAG SCREWS: De: (two member) Connections+*> with 4/4" ASTM A36 steel side plate, or ASTM A653, Grade 33 stee! side plate (for t,<1/4") di 6 covawan] aie | 220 | 200 vo | two a0 LAG SCREWS com) are | 20 70 | 20 10 | 200 cotaeae] ate | 220 70 | 200 0 | 2m v0 ioenanf sre | 20 im | 220 wo | 210 0 Goma] ate | 220 10 | 210 70 | 230 0 Gonna] ve | S00 220 | 210 wo | 20 10 fon spon so] ew | a wo] a] wo om AO fom m0 | 420 coo | too eso | 1200 eso | tam ean | tam oto | 20180 fooo_eza | tom 600 | soro_r70 | ve30_ ren | 1590700 {Tea noe a ral ene or 3 1 Tens ent erg vo ( ee frais bay Gamat eve (be Aer Lae rn wn se i ptpandaio wes rtr eo ee ea von ovone een pt RST ES, 3 ed 700 ao AST DH od eS Feu urea) Fe T900 pat fr Hes Fg = 40,00 plbr 0 76: y= sB00pltrO 228° 4. Wer sept eb er co a (2) sb msi HD. [AMERICAN WOOD COUNCILDS os Table 11L WOOD SCREWS: Design Values (2) for Single Shoar s (two member) Connections? “PF for Sawn Lumber or SCL with both members of identical specifi gravity °o TET = T S ° i 7 : fil i 0 ale le i] € + | .|aHe fildala| os et | ede | ot | ot | oe leetssl o§ gelgela| 2 Gb | SEE] GE | GR | Pee deaf §2/22|/2| 83 Nese seals as | See [sses] 33 OO & > | ele eae temo d eee ee eee Sts { cals) «» |» |e | @ | s | os |e |e | « | 2 i 0.164) 8 108 az 2 70 6 0 59 5st 50 48 = ; ee bse este ep ea | ce) me |e |e |e |e fo | |e | i |e i FT eee ee OS j saul we | we | ae | os | te | wo | mm | » | w | aw _ 2 LTR crac ae aa NecHieCaleCaces 4 elm [ow | ow | ow |e | wm | wm |e | eo |» @ oF a % " 7" Q cw} a | ow | te | ow | we | wm | oe | o | mw | mw & ace (eae Ete | tenis leet ee teed) See eee oe Ae eee ap sea ese | es Te ee e Ses] me [ow | ow | wm | om |e |v [ow | @ | cil] we | | te |e | te |e || eee eee cele) i | mw | « | o | eo | ® | mw | ew | w | oe } ete] eT Tabcdated tral cosign votes (2) shai be mulipid by al appucale aqusret factors (eco Table 10.) 2. Tebuatadiataral design valuoe(Z) af fo rolled toad wood srews (see Appa L) Inserted in side gran wth screw xs perpendicular to wood bere: i hrivur stew penetration, pro the man member equa to 100 ana eatow bonding ol stengs (ye): Fy = 100000 pe for 0 009°2D<0.142" Fy = 90,00 pallor 0-142° portion of the lag screw shall be approximately 70% of ‘the shank diameter, or as specified in 11.1.3.2 12.1.3.3 In installation of split ring or shear plate con- rectors and bolts or lag screws, a nut shall be placed on each bolt, and washers, not smaller than the size specified in Appendix K, shall be placed between the outside wood member and the bolt or lag screw head and between the outside wood member and nut. When an outside member of a shear plate connection is a steel strap or shape, the washer is not required, except when a longer bolt or lag screw is used, in which case, the washer prevents the metal plate or shape from bearing on the threaded portion of the bolt or lag screw. 12,1.3.4 Tabulated nominal design values for split ring and shear plate connectors are based on the assumption that the faces of the members are brought into contact ‘when the connector units are installed, and allow for sea- sonal variations after the wood has reached the moisture content normal to the conditions of service. When split ring or shear plate connectors are installed in wood which is not seasoned to the moisture content normal to the con- ditions of service, the connections shall be tightened by ‘turning down the nuts periodically until moisture equilib- rium is reached 12.2.1.2 Allowable design values (P', Q’) for shear plate connectors shall not exceed the limiting design val- ues specified in Footnote 2 of Table 12.2B. The limiting design values in Footnote 2 of Table 12.2B shall not be multiplied by adjustment factors in this Specification since they are based on strength of metal rather than strength of wood (see 10.2.3). 12.2.2 Thickness of Wood Members 12.2.2.1 Tabulated nominal design values shall not be ‘used for split ring or shear plate connectors installed in any piece of wood of a net thickness less than the mini- smnum specified in Tables 12.2A and 12.2B. 12.2.2.2 Design values for split ring or shear plate connectors installed in any piece of wood of net thickness intermediate between the minimum thickness and that, required for maximum design value, as specified in Tables 12.2A and 12.2B, shall be obtained by linear interpola- tion, AMERICAN FOREST & PAPER ASSOCIATION ‘SHOLOSNNOO SLVId UVSHS GNV ONIY LNds:Te eee a (1°€01 190.298) som ouRENpe open 6 pads ro sun soysomuon a ds 205 (Ny) SngeAAop eH PMR T osz_| osoe | ove | ose | ose | oser | o9zs | ovi9 ‘oosz | o6se_| osre [ osor | o09e | osry | ooos | ces . ‘ociz_| o9re | o96e | orve | osoe | ovse [ osey | osor 5 z é ost_| ovoz | osve | osoz | ovse | ovec | ozse | otty ae , ocoz_| osoe | o99e | over | sce | oser | oozes | ori g ossz_| 0667 | oose | ostr | ore | oszr | oois | ozo | r 3 Tanna osct_| ovoz_| orrz | ovsz_| ozsz_| avez | orse | 060r g | THM ose_|_ozgi_| over | oszz_| ov6r | sce | ocue | ose 20,7 a i wor_| oszr_| oost | oser_| oist_| ovut i 4 oor to sole _|_o ann wm ue ooet_| ozor_| over | oszz_| ov6r | osce | ocez | ose ; oot | oser_| ozor | oosr | ovr | 0061 | oxzz | oeoz seroads | Sotnads | saisods | soisads | satoads | Sojoads | saroads | sotsods | soyour sypur | soqpur a 9 a v a 2 a v dnoip | dnory | dnoup | dnoiy | dnosy | dnozy | dnorp | dnoso 1109 sures Sai 109 puP sq Joq pur soquisut so | uo szorseuuos soyourerp aun zorsouUo9 sod ‘anqea u8Is9q Jorsauuos Jad ‘q ‘anqea uBisaq | ssouyonn | yum soquiow jo | savour | Suz (006) urex8 01 ze|noxpuadiad popsoT Go) wreid o1 jariesed papeory PN soory joroquinn | nod ands “aeoys ous oy 30q pue Buns Mids ANO oF Aide ;sonyea UBIs9p poreInges, SOnjeA UZISEg BUN 10}20UUD BUIy WIGS Vz'ZT S1GeL2M o1sz, sogos | 40.c/1-€ osoz | oove | ogee | ove | osec | ose | orly | «cer osst_| ovtz | osse_| ooo | o99z | osoe | oss | o1er z BIL oct | oser | osez | oroc | ocec | ooxz | ovce | o0xe uRUITaTUE 30 + orrt_| osor_| ozoz | ove | o6oz | ocez | orez | ooce | .wit-1 7 py vie _00zz_| oesz_| oroc | orse | omic | ove | over | s060s | 40 ./e-1 a umn osst_| osiz | ocoz_| ovoe | oocz | oere | osue | over 7 orvt_| osor_| 0661 | ocec | ovoz | osez | oosz_| socee __oer_[osst_ | oret | ozez [0961 | oxzz | ocuz | sore z ‘umnuarar we | soz ovor_| orzt_| ospt | oot | oost | ocr | osoz | ocr 1 | TRUITT ocer_| osst_| ost | oct | o1oz | ozee | ox9z | -o1ie 1 ' sojoads | sazoads | soysods | saroads | soiseds | sorsods | soroads | sarsads | soyour soyour | soyour a 2 a v a 2 q v doin | dnoig | dnorp | dnouy | dnory | dnorg | dnoig | dnosp 109 oures “sar 104 pur Sql 7109 pue saquiout jo | wo sionsouos soreuretp ayun sorsauues sad‘ ‘onqea uitsaq | wun soy2auuoo sod‘g ‘onyea uftsoq | ssawyonn | pum zoquom jo | mame | aed 06) wre 07 se[norpuadiad papeo] 0) urexd 0} jatyemed popeoy PN ‘s20vj Jo JoquINN, Og eqs “avoys ajSuys uy yJoq pus ayeId seays INO 07 Aide .,,sonqeA UsIsap parenqey, SONILA UZISEA YUN 10};90NU0D O7eI1d JLOUS GZZT SEL AMERICAN FOREST & PAPER ASSOCIATIONPee ee nod 12.2.3 Penetration Depth Factor, C, When lag screws instead of bolts are used with split ring or shear plate connectors, tabulated nominal design values shall be multiplied by the appropriate penetration depth factor, Cy, specified in Table 12.2.3. Lag screw penetration into the member receiving the point shall not be less than the minimum penetration for reduced design value specified in Table 12.2.3, When the actual lag screw penetration into the member receiving the point is greater than the minimum penetration for reduced design value, but less than the minimum penetration for full design value, the penetration depth factor, C,, shall be determined by linear interpolation. The penetration depth factor shall not exceed unity, Cy $ 1.0. 12.2.4 Metal Side Plate Factor, C,, ‘When metal side members are used in place of wood side members, the tabulated nominal design values paral- lel to grain, P, for 4" shear plate connectors shall be multiplied by the appropriate metal side plate factor speci- fied in Table 12.2.4. Table 12.2.4 Metal Side Plate Factors, C,,, for 4" Shear e Connectors Loaded P: jel to Grain ‘Species Grouping Fi a T18 B Lu c 1.05 D 1.00 ‘The allowable design values parallel to grain, P’, shall not exceed the limiting design values given in Footnote 2 of Table 12.2B (see 12.2.1.2) 12.2.5 Load at Angle to Grain 12.2.5.1 When a load acts in the plane of the wood surface at an angle to grain other than 0° or 90°, the al- lowable design value, N, for a split ring or shear plate connector unit shall be determined as follows (see Ap- pendix J): ey " sin? 0+Qeos"6 (224) where: 6 = angle between direction of load and direction of grain longitudinal axis of member) Table 12.2.3 enetration Depth Factors, C,, for Split Ring and Shear Plate Connectors Used with Lag Screws: Penetration of Lag Screw into Main Member Penetration (number of shank diameters) Depth Side Species Group (see Table 10A) Factor Member Penetration Group A | Group B | Group C | Group D Cy 2-12" Split Ring Minimum for 7 8 10 iT 10 Wood | — Full Design Value 4" SplitRing | or Metal Minimum for 3 312 4 412 | 075 4" Shear Plate Reduced Design Value Minimum for 4 5 7 8 10 Full Design Value Wood 2.5/8" Shear Plate Minimum for 3 3-12 4 412 | 075 Reduced Design Value Minimum for 3 xin 4 4in | 10 Metal | "Full Design Value AMERICAN WOOD COUN.NATIONAL DESIGN SPECIFICATION FOR WOOD CONSTRUCTION 12.2.5.2 Allowable design values at an angle to grain, xp = allowable design value for a split ring or shear Ny, for shear plate connectors shall not exceed the limit- plate connector unit ina square-cut surface, ing design values specified in Footnote 2 of Table 12.2.B loaded ineny direction in the plane of the (gee 12.2.1.2). ‘surface (a = 90") llowable design value fora split ring or shear plate connector unit ina sloping surface, loaded Ina direction parallel to the axis of cut (0° Pog, fd ure Us urs wee uns wet aquaywrsu2] ct cro or or | oT co or i %5 2 see wet awe Het et ane ane swe sspapereoy | coms é oT oT oT oC or | oF D pa : we Hie Het 2 1-1 : se: ste sirapereora | 3 TaEAusIG | SuPA URNS | anita waa | SHEA WANG | Sniea wisog | SnreausissG | mea wine | Snea uaisog ret Poon ML Poonpa na poop POE oyunu | sume | soyuru | oyu | oyun | oyun | sopwRUGY | soy uRULIAL Supeol ae Fupeoy wet supe uf ‘Supeoy us on efotpundiog orate ensgraipusdg ete Ho} mOD aI RNS "HOIuIOD aE IES 15-2 2 3 sopauno9 Zur IMS wopaeu0g Sura mS 2/2 10}20uUI09 oyeld EES puE Bury Hids 10) “9 ‘siojoeg KJOWIOSD ETT CIGEL /AMERICAN FOREST & PAPER ASSOCIATION