Chemistry 104-3

Professor Burstyn
Practice Exam III-B

Name
Section

TA

INSTRUCTIONS
1. This exam consists of 11 pages of problems, 2 pages of helpful information and a periodic
table. If a page is missing, raise your hand and notify a proctor immediately.
2. PRINT your name NOW in the spaces at the top of ALL pages. SIGN the honor code.
3. Part A is worth 30 points. Part B is worth 51 points. Part C is worth 19 points.
4. The exam should be easy to complete in 75 minutes. Check your work after completing the
exam. Please show all your work and be certain that all your explanations are given as
complete sentences.
5. On the grading chart at the bottom of this page, CIRCLE the numbers of the questions
you would like to be graded for parts A, B and C. Check that you have circled the correct
number of questions for parts A (2), B (3) and C (1).
Honor Code: By the definition of academic integrity, the exam I am handing in is solely my own
work and truthfully represents work I have done.
Signature

Part A

Part B

Part C
TOTAL

/15 pts.

/15 pts.

/15 pts.

/17 pts.

/17 pts.

/17 pts.

/17 pts.

/19 pts.

/19 pts.
/100 pts.

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PART A. (30 points) BASIC QUESTIONS. Answer TWO of the following three questions.
Write your answer in the space provided. SHOW YOUR WORK AND WRITE EXPLANATIONS
IN FULL SENTENCES.
1.

(15 points) Use the table of data at the end of the exam to answer these questions
about the combustion of methane.
CH4 (g) + 2 O2 (g) CO2 (g) + 2 H2O (g)
a) (5 points) Calculate G for the combustion of methane according to the reaction
above.

b) (5 points) Is this reaction spontaneous under standard conditions? State the answer
and provide a one-sentence explanation for why you arrived at this conclusion.

c) (5 points) Calculate KP for this combustion reaction.

2.

(15 points, 3 points each) CIRCLE the sample with the lower entropy in each of the
pairs below.
a)

1 mol O2(g) at 0C, 1 atm

1 mol O2(g) at 200C, 1 atm

b)

Hg(g)

Hg(l)

c)

200 molecules C2H4

100 molecules C2H4

d)

H2O(s)

H2O(l)

e)

0.5 mol N2, 25C, 40-L container

0.5 mol N2, 25C in 20-L container

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3.

(15 points, 3 points each) CIRCLE the answers that meet the criterion given.
a) The correct chemical equation for the reaction that occurs when CH3(CH2)4COOH is
added to water:
CH3(CH2)4COOH(l) + H2O(l)

CH3(CH2)4COOH(aq)

CH3(CH2)4COOH(l) + H2O(l)

CH3(CH2)4COOH2+(aq) + OH-(aq)

CH3(CH2)4COOH(l) + H2O(l)

CH3(CH2)4COO-(aq) + H3O+(aq)

CH3(CH2)4COOH(l) + OH (aq)

CH3(CH2)4COO-(aq) + H2O(l)

b) The correct chemical equation for the reaction when (CH3)3N is added to water:
(CH3)3N(g) + H2O(l)

(CH3)3N(aq)

(CH3)3N(g) + H2O(l)

(CH3)3NH+(aq) + OH-(aq)

(CH3)3N(g) + H2O(l)

(CH3)2(CH2)N- (aq) + H3O+(aq)

(CH3)3N(g) + OH (aq)

(CH3)2(CH2)N-(aq) + H2O(l)

c) The conjugate acid of OH-:

H 3O +

H 2O

H 5O 2

O2-

d) All conjugate acids in the following reaction:

-

HS (aq) + H2O(l) H2S(g) + OH (aq)

e) All conjugate bases in the following reaction:
-

S2 (aq) + NH4+(aq) NH3(g) + HS (aq)

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Part B (51 points) COMPETENCY QUESTIONS Answer THREE of the following four
questions in the space provided. SHOW YOUR WORK AND WRITE EXPLANATIONS IN FULL
SENTENCES.
4.

(17 points) Silver tarnishes slowly in air according to the following reaction.
2 Ag (s) + O2 (g) Ag2O (s)
a) (5 points) Predict the sign of S for this reaction. Briefly explain why you make this
prediction.

b) (5 points) Calculate S for this reaction using data from the table at the end of this
exam.

c) (7 points) You want to show off your newfound chemistry knowledge by polishing your
grandmothers silver in the laboratory oven. If the oven can reach 250C, will it be
possible to reverse the tarnish and restore the silver shine? Your answer must include
calculations and a prose explanation.

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5.

(17 points) Malic acid is a diprotic acid found in apple juice with
molecular formula C4H6O5 and molecular weight 134.09 g/mol. An
apple juice sample weighing 50.0 g was analyzed by titration. It
took 40.7 mL of 0.110 M NaOH to completely neutralize the malic
acid.
a) (5 points) Write a balanced reaction between malic acid and NaOH.

O
HO
OH
O

OH

malic acid
134.09 g/mol

b) (7 points) Calculate the mass of malic acid in the apple juice sample.

c) (5 points) The two carboxylic acid groups of malic acid have pKa values 3.40 and 5.20.
Which of the following indicators would be suitable for this titration? Explain your
reasoning.
Bromocrescol green Ka = 2.1 x 10-5
Phenolphthalein
Ka = 4.0 x 10-10
Bromoscrescol purple Ka = 5.0 x 10-7
Alizarin yellow
Ka = 6.9 x 10-12

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6.

(17 points) The standard equilibrium constant, K, is 2.1 x 109 at 25C for the
reaction below.
Zn

2+

(aq) + 4 NH3 (aq)

Zn(NH3)4

2+

(aq)

a) (5 points) Calculate G at 25C.

b) (6 points) If standard state concentrations of the reactants and products are combined
at 25C, will this reaction proceed? Explain briefly, supporting your prose with
calculations.

2+

2+

c) (6 points) Calculate G for the following conditions: [Zn(NH3)4 ] = 0.10 M, [Zn ] =

1.0 x 10-3 M and [NH3] = 3.5 x 10-4 M.

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7.

(17 points) Answer the questions below about buffer solutions.

a) (4 points) The pH of human blood is 7.40. All other things being equal, which of the
acids below is best suited to buffer your blood at the correct pH? Explain your choice.
Carbonic

H2CO3

Ka = 4.30 x 10-7

Phosphoric

H2PO4

Ka = 6.23 x 10-8

Ammonium ions

NH4+

Ka = 5.60 x 10-10

b) (4 points) Write the reaction for the chemical equilibrium that is responsible for
maintaining the pH of the blood buffer you chose in part a).

c) (5 points) If the concentration of conjugate acid is 0.100 M, what concentration of

conjugate base must be present to hold the blood buffer at pH 7.40?

d) (4 points) If you have 100 mL of your blood buffer in part c), what will happen to the
pH of the solution if you add 5 mL of 0.3 M NaOH?

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Part C (19 points) MASTERY QUESTIONS Answer ONE of the following two questions in the
spaces provided. SHOW ALL YOUR WORK AND WRITE EXPLANATIONS IN
COMPLETE SENTENCES.
8.

(19 points) Consider these five reactions, the last three of which could be used to
obtain metals from their oxide ores:

Reaction 1:

2 C(s) + O2(g) 2 CO(g)

H = 221.050 kJ

S = 178.73 J/K

Reaction 2:

2 CO(g) + O2(g) 2 CO2(g)

H = 585.968 kJ

S = 173.006 J/K

Reaction 3:

2 MgO(s) 2 Mg(s) + O2(g)

H = 1203.4 kJ

S = 216.62 J/K

Reaction 4:

2 MnO(s) 2 Mn(s) + O2(g)

H = 769.12 kJ

S = 148.15 J/K

Reaction 5:

2 CuO(s) 2 Cu(s) + O2(g)

H = 314.6 kJ

S = 186.18 J/K

(As you answer the questions below, assume that all of the reactants and products in each
equation are in the same phases shown above over the entire range of temperatures you
consider. This is an approximation that allows reasonable estimates to be made.)
a) (5 points) Which of these reactions become significantly more product-favored as the
temperature increases? Explain your choice in each case.

b) (5 points) One way to obtain a metal from its ore is to heat the ore to drive off oxygen,
leaving the metal behind. For which of the three metals would heating be an appropriate
way to obtain the metal from its ore? Explain briefly. (Note: Furnace temperatures above
1800 K are difficult to obtain and maintain.)

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c) (5 points) A second way to obtain a metal from its ore is to couple decomposition of
the metal ore to another reaction that does not involve a metal. From the reactions listed
on the previous page, which would be most useful for obtaining manganese from its ore?
Explain how the reaction could be coupled with reaction 4, state why your chosen
reaction is best, and write a balanced thermochemical equation for the overall reaction
involved.

d) (4 points) What would be a reasonable temperature for carrying out the overall
reaction in part c)? Your answer should include prose and calculations.

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9. (19 points) Lab partners Jane and Joe were assigned to explore the acid-base
chemistry of citrus fruits. The acid found in citrus fruits is citric acid, seen below.
HO

Citric acid, H3C6H5O7 Ka

HO

OH

st

nd
rd

OH

ionization
ionization

3 ionization

pKa

7.1 x 10

-4

3.15

1.7 x 10

-5

4.77

6.4 x 10

-6

5.19

Citric acid
MW 192.12 g/mol
a) (6 points) Joe titrated two 100. mL samples of lemon juice with 1.83 M NaOH. The
volumes of base added at the equivalence points were 34.2 mL and 37.4 mL for trials 3
and 4, respectively. Use Joes data to calculate the mass (g) of citric acid in 100. mL
lemon juice.

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b) (6 points) Jane pointed out that they could have determined the concentrations of citric
acid from the pH of the juice using the Ka for the first ionization of citric acid. Use the mass
that Joe determined, and the Ka for the first ionization, to predict a pH for the lemon juice.

c) (7 points) Joe said that the value that they obtained from the titration was more
accurate than what would be obtained by Janes pH method, because she had made the
assumption that only the first ionization reaction contributed to the pH of the solution.
With whom do you agree, Jane or Joe? Explain your choice, making explicit reference to
why their assumptions are valid or invalid.

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