Chemical Bonds Ionic Bonds

1. Identify the Number of Valance Electrons and Draw the Lewis Dot
Structure
Notes: Scientists use Lewis Dot Structures to show the valance electrons of an
element as dots. Since bonding involves the valance shell electrons only, it is
only necessary to illustrate those outer electrons.
Group
# of
Lewis Dot
Element
Bohr Diagram
Number
Valance
Structure
(PT)
Electrons
Calcium

Carbon

Hydrogen

Helium

Oxygen

Fluorine

Neon

Sodium

Aluminum

Determining the Ionic Charge

Elem
ent

Property
electron
config
# protons
#electrons
charge

Li

Bohr
Diagram

Lewis Dot
Structure
electron
config
# protons
#electrons
charge
Be

Bohr
Diagram

Lewis Dot
Structure
electron
config
# protons
#electrons
charge
B

Bohr
Diagram

Lewis Dot
Structure
Skip Carbon

Before Making an Octet

After Making an Octet

electron
config
# protons
#electrons
charge
N

Bohr
Diagram

Lewis Dot
Structure
electron
config
# protons
#electrons
charge
O

Bohr
Diagram

Lewis Dot
Structure
electron
config
# protons
#electrons
charge
F

Bohr
Diagram

Lewis Dot
Structure
Ne

electron
config
# protons
#electrons
charge
Bohr
Diagram

Lewis Dot
Making Ions Ionic Bonds are made of Ions. A strong understanding of
Ions is needed.
Notes: Remember that Metals tend to lose their electrons, falling back to their
inner octet, becoming smaller, forming positive cations. Nonmetals tend to
gain electrons, filling up their current energy levels, becoming larger, forming
negative anions. Complete the chart below.
Element

Na

Be

Cl

Al

Ne

Ca

P
B

Lewis Dot

# of Valance
e-

Gain/Lose ___
e-

Valance
Charge

L1

+1

Mg

Lewis Dot, Formula Unit & Naming Practice Sheet

Notes:
1. An ionic bond is an attraction of a cation for an anion resulting from the
transfer of electrons. Remember, the smaller nonmetals are more
electronegative and pull the electrons close, away from the larger, less
electronegative metals.
2. When naming ionic compounds, the Metal is named first, followed by the
nonmetal with an ide ending. Ex. Sodium Fluorine becomes Sodium
Fluoride.
3. Formula Unit: Lowest whole number ratio of elements in the compound. Ex.
Ca3N2
1. Draw the Lewis Structure for Mg & Cl

2. Draw the Lewis Structure for Mg & S

Formula Unit: _________

Formula Unit: _________

Name of Compound:
3. Draw the Lewis Structure for K & F

Name of Compound:
4. Draw the Lewis Structure for K & O

Formula Unit: _________

Formula Unit: _________

Name of Compound:

Name of Compound:

5. Draw the Lewis Structure for Be & N

6. Draw the Lewis Structure for Ca & P

Formula Unit: _________

Formula Unit: _________

Name of Compound:

Name of Compound:

7. Draw the Lewis Structure for Al & F

8. Draw the Lewis Structure for Ca & I

Formula Unit: _________

Formula Unit: _________

Name of Compound:
9. Draw the Lewis Structure for Rb & O

Name of Compound:
10. Draw the Lewis Structure for Sr & F

Formula Unit: _________

Formula Unit: _________

Name of Compound:

Name of Compound:

11. Draw the Lewis Structure for Al & Cl

12. Draw the Lewis Structure for Mg & P

Formula Unit: _________

Formula Unit: _________

Name of Compound:

Name of Compound:

13. Draw the Lewis Structure for B & O

14. Draw the Lewis Structure for Be & S

Formula Unit: _________

Formula Unit: _________

Name of Compound:

Name of Compound:

Write the Formula / Formula Unit for the following

Compounds
Determining the formula for Magnesium Fluoride?
1.
2.

Identify the charges = Mg2+ F1

Cross the Charges, Mg2+ F1
= Mg1F2

3. If the subscript is a 1 it does not need to be written.

4.

If there is a common subscript such as 2 as in Mg2O2, reduce it to Mg1O1

which is also MgO.

Write Formula Unit For the Below Ionic Compounds

Name
1
2
3

Sodium Chloride
Aluminum
Chloride
Aluminum
Phosphide

Magnesium Oxide

Cesium Fluoride

Strontium Nitride

Lithium Sulfide

Calcium Chloride

Sodium Bromide

10

Beryllium Iodide

11
12

Strontium
Fluoride
Aluminum
Fluoride

13

Potassium Nitride

14

Sodium Sulfide

15

Lithium Oxide

Cation
(+)
1+

Anion (-)
1-

Na

Cl

Al3+

Cl1-

Formula

Na1+1Cl1-1 =
NaCl

16

Calcium Oxide

Polyatomic Ions WS
Ammonium (NH4)1+
Carbonate (CO3)2Chromate (CrO4)2-

Nitrate (NO3)1Nitrite (NO2)1Sulfate (SO4)2-

Dichromate
(Cr2O7)2Hydroxide (OH)1-

Sulfite (SO3)2Phosphate (PO4)3-

Write the NAME of each of the following compounds.

1. (NH4)Cl _______________________________

10. Cu(OH) ***______________________________

2. Be(SO4) _______________________________

11. (NH4)3(PO4)___________________________

3. (NH4)3N ______________________________

12. Fe(SO4)_____________________________

4. MgCl2 ______________________________

13. Mg(NO3)2___________________________

5. NH4(NO3)______________________________

14. (NH4)NO2 ____________________________

6. Sr3(PO4)2 _____________________________
15. Na2(Cr2O7)____________________________

7. Zn(CrO4)2 _____________________________
8. K2(Cr2O7) ______________________________
9. Ga(ClO3)3 ____________________________

16. Na(OH) ______________________________

Write the CHEMICAL FORMULA for each of the given NAMEScross

charges
17.

Ca2+ (CO3)2-

calcium carbonate
18. barium nitrate

Ca2(CO3)2

= CaCO3

_______________________________ = _______________________________

19. ammonium sulfate

_______________________________ = _______________________________

20. aluminum hydroxide ______________________________ = ________________________________

21. calcium phosphate

24.

_______________________________ = _______________________________

22. cesium nitrate

_______________________________ = _______________________________

23. sodium nitrite

_______________________________ = _______________________________

calcium sulfate

_______________________________ = _______________________________

25. beryllium sulfate _______________________________ = _______________________________

26. sodium carbonate

_______________________________ = _______________________________

27. magnesium phosphate_____________________________ = _______________________________

28. calcium phosphate

_______________________________ = _______________________________

Variable Charge Cations

Notes:
a. Some cations can have many charges, they are known as variable charge cations
b. It is important to note the charge of the cation when naming the ionic compound
Ex: Tin (VI) Oxide.where VI is the charge on tin.
1. Draw SnO3 instead as a picture

of Atoms:
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
22.
23.
24.

25.
26.
27.

2. Draw Au3N as a picture of Atoms:

28.
29.
Name of Compound = ______________
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
3. Draw Sn2O3 instead as a picture of Atom
37.
38.
Name of Compound = ________________
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
4. Draw Ag1O3 instead as a picture of Atom
46.
47. Name of Compound = ________________
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.

10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.

Total Charge on Oxygen = -6

Total Charge on Tin = +6
Individual Charge on Tin = +6
Name of Compound = Tin (VI) Oxide

5. What is the name of SnO3?

54.
55. Tin Oxide = Wrong Answer
56.
57. Since tin has more than once charge, the charge needs to be determined so it can
be included in the name.
58.

59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65. The charge on tin was calculated to be +6, therefore the +6 is included in
the naming of the compound. Once again, this is only done with metals with
more than one charge.
66.

6.
7. What is the name of Sn2O3?
20.
What is the name of Au3N?
8.
21.
9.
22.
10.
23.
11.
24.
12.
25.
13.
26.
14.
What is the name of Cu N?
27.
What is the name of CuNO3?
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
28.
29.
30.
31.
Complete the Following Questions on Formula Units
32.

What is the Formula Unit for Silver (III) Nitride ____________________________

33.

What is the Formula Unit for Vanadium (III) Chloride

__________________________
34.

What is the Formula Unit for Lead (IV) oxide ____________________________

35.

What is the Formula Unit for Silver (II) Nitride ____________________________

36.

What is the Formula Unit for Vanadium (II) Chloride

___________________________

37.

What is the Formula Unit for Lead (II) oxide ____________________________

38. Write the formula for the variable charged binary ionic
compounds:
39.
40.
1. Nickel (II) chloride_________________

6. Copper (II) chloride________________

2. Gold (III) oxide___________________

7. Copper (I) bromide_________________

3. Cobalt (II) phosphide_______________

8. Cobalt (II) phosphide_______________

4. Copper (I) bromide_________________

9. Manganese (III) bromide____________

5. Iron (III) chloride__________________

10.Iron (III) fluoride_________________

41.
42.

43. Name the variable charged compoundsuse I, II, III, IV

44.
11.Pb Br4__________________________
45.

15.Cu Br___________________________
56.

46.

57.

47.

58.

48.

59.

12.Pb3 N2__________________________
49.

16.Cu O___________________________
60.

50.
51.
52.
13.Cu2 S___________________________

61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
17.Ni O2___________________________

53.

66.

54.

67.

55.

68.

14.Pb O2___________________________

18.Cu2 S___________________________

69.
Ions in Chemical Compounds
70.
Complete the following table, being sure that the total charge on the resulting
compound is zero.
71.
73.
C 75.
H
79.
S
82.
C
77.
Ni
83.
P
hlori
ydrox
ulfat
81.
S
arbon
trate
hosp
72.
Io
de
ide
e
ulfide
ate
78.
(
hate(
2ns
74.
Cl 76.
(
80.
(S
S
(CO3)2
13NO
)
PO
3
4)
1OH)1O4)284.
Hy
drogen
85.
H
93.
S
odium
94.
N
a
102. A
mmon
ium
103. N
H41+
111. P
otassi
um
112. K
120. C
alciu
m
121. C
a
129. M
agnes
ium
130. M
g
138. Al
uminu
m
139. Al
147. Ir
on (I)
148. Fe
156. Ir
on (II)
157. Fe
165. St
rontiu
m
166. Sr
174. Ir
on
(III)
175. Fe

86.

87.

88.

89.

90.

91.

92.

95.

96.

97.

98.

99.

100.

101.

104.

105.

106.

107.

108.

109.

110.

113.

114.

115.

116.

117.

118.

119.

122.

123.

124.

125.

126.

127.

128.

131.

132.

133.

134.

135.

136.

137.

140.

141.

142.

143.

144.

145.

146.

149.

150.

151.

152.

153.

154.

155.

158.

159.

160.

161.

162.

163.

164.

167.

168.

169.

170.

171.

172.

173.

176.

177.

178.

179.

180.

181.

182.

183. Le
ad (II)
184. P
b
192. Ti
n (IV)
193. S
n
201. C
opper
(I)
202. C
u
210. H
ydrog
en
211. H

185.

186.

187.

188.

189.

190.

191.

194.

195.

196.

197.

198.

199.

200.

203.

204.

205.

206.

207.

208.

209.

212.

213.

214.

215.

216.

217.

218.

219.

220.

Ionic Review

221.
222.

Element

223.

224.

# of Valance e-

225.

# of e- Gain or
Lose

Ionic
Charge

226.

227.

228.

Cl

229.

230.

231.

232.

233.

Na

234.

235.

236.

237.

238.

Mg

239.

240.

241.

242.

243.

244.

245.

246.

247.

248.

249.

250.

251.

252.

253.

Al

254.

255.

256.

257.

258.

Xe

259.

260.

261.

262.
263. Below, pay attention what is given and what is being asked. The
chart below is not how the test will be worded. Refer to handouts for
additional examples.
264.
265.
267. Cati
266. Name
268. Anion
269. Chemical Formula

on

270.

8
275.

9
280.

10

Potassium
Sulfide
276. Potassium
Phosphide
281. Beryllium
Fluoride
271.

285.

286.

11
290.

291.

12
295.

296.

13
300.

301.

Copper (II)

272.

273.

274.

277.

278.

279.

282.

283.

284.

287.

288.

292.
297.
302.

289.

293.

294.

Ca

298.

299.

303.

304.

Sr I2

14
305.

15
310.

16
315.

17
320.

18
325.

19

Fluoride
306.

Tin (I) Sulfide

307.

308.

311.

312.

313.

316.
321.
326.

Xenon

317.

Al

318.

309.

(CO3)2-

322.

323.

327.

328.

AgO2

314.
319.
324.

Na(SO4)2329.

330.
331.

NAME the Ionic Compound

19. _________________________Ca I2
20.___________________________ Mg O

23._________________________***V3
(PO4)2

21.___________________________***Cu S

24.____________________________Li2S

22.____________________________***Cr N

25. __________________________________________Mg(NO3)2
26. __________________________________________Be3(PO4)2

27.How are Ionic Bonds formed and what is the attractive force within an Ionic
Bond?
28.
29.
30.
31.Draw the transfer of electrons within Aluminum Chloride.
a.

Using Lewis Dot Structures:

32.
33.
34.

a.

Write the Chemical Formula: ______________

35.
36.Draw the transfer of electrons within Barium Sulfide.

a.

Using Lewis Dot Structures:

37.
38.
39.

a.

Write the Chemical Formula:______________

40.Show what would happen if Ba2+ and F1- bonded.
a. Criss-Cross
b. Name of Compound: ____________
c. Chemical Formula: ___________
41.Show what would happen if Chromium (II) and Sulfur bonded.
a. Criss-Cross
b. Name of Compound: ____________
c. Chemical Formula: _____________
42.From the review sheet, list an example of a POLYATOMIC Ion:
______________________
43.From the review sheet, list an example of a BINARY ionic compound:
_________________
44.From the review sheet, list an example of a TERNARY ionic
compound:________________
45.Explain what is meant when at atom gains or loses an electron in reference to
the octet rule.

46.Ho do you distinguish between an ionic and a covalent compound?

______________
47.

48.
49.

Ionic Review

50.

53. # of e- Gain or

51. Element

52. # of Valance e-

55. 1

56. Cl

57.

58.

59.

60. 2

61. Na

62.

63.

64.

65. 3

66. Mg

67.

68.

69.

70. 4

71. O

72.

73.

74.

75. 5

76. N

77.

78.

79.

80. 6

81. Al

82.

83.

84.

85. 7

86. Xe

87.

88.

89.

Lose

54. Ionic Charge

90.
91. Below, pay attention what is given and what is being asked. The chart below

is not how the test will be worded. Refer to handouts for additional examples.
92.
93.
98. 8
103.

9
108.

10

94. Name
99. Potassium Sulfide

118.

12
123.
128.

102.

105.

106.

107.

110.

111.

112.

114.

115.

116.

119.

120.

124.

13

15
138.

16
143.

17
148.

18
153.

19

134.

125.

Sr I2

117.

121.

122.

Ca

126.

127.

Copper (II)
Fluoride

130.

131.

132.

Tin (I) Sulfide

135.

136.

137.

139.

140.

141.

129.

14
133.

97. Chemical Formula

101.

Potassium
Phosphide
109. Beryllium
Fluoride

11

96. Anion

100.

104.

113.

95. Cation

144.
149.
154.

Xenon

145.

Al

146.

(CO3)2-

150.

151.

155.

156.

AgO2

142.
147.
152.

Na(SO4)2157.

158.
159.

NAME the Ionic Compound

160.

_________________________Ca I2

161.

___________________________ Mg O

162.
S

___________________________***Cu

163.

____________________________***Cr

164.

165.

_________________________***V3

(PO4)2
166.

____________________________Li2S

167.

__________________________________________

Mg(NO3)2

168.

__________________________________________

Be3(PO4)2

169.

How are Ionic Bonds formed and what is the attractive force within an Ionic Bond?

170.
171.
172.
173.

Draw the transfer of electrons within Aluminum Chloride.

a.

Using Lewis Dot Structures:

174.
175.
176.

a.

Write the Chemical Formula: ______________

177.
178.

Draw the transfer of electrons within Barium Sulfide.

a.

Using Lewis Dot Structures:

179.
180.
181.

a.

Write the Chemical Formula:______________

182.

Show what would happen if Ba2+ and F1- bonded.

a. Criss-Cross
b. Name of Compound: ____________
c. Chemical Formula: ___________

183.

Show what would happen if Chromium (II) and Sulfur bonded.

a. Criss-Cross
b. Name of Compound: ____________
c. Chemical Formula: _____________

184.

From the review sheet, list an example of a POLYATOMIC Ion: ______________________

185.

From the review sheet, list an example of a BINARY ionic compound: _________________

186.

From the review sheet, list an example of a TERNARY ionic compound:________________

187.

Explain what is meant when at atom gains or loses an electron in reference to the octet rule.

188.
189.
190.

Ho do you distinguish between an ionic and a covalent compound?______________