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OFFICE STANDARDS

Column Offsets/Transitions in Concrete Buildings - Worked Example


Jun 30, 2016

906

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CONSTANTS & INPUTS


Constants:

Upper column:

c
:=
s

0.65

0.85

column
dim ensions:

f'
c :=
fy

30
MPa
400

column
unbraced length:

:= 0.18

Lower column:

wU
:=
hU

250
mm
600

LuU := 3800mm

Slabs:
slab thickness
(upper, middle, lower):

tU

t s :=
t
L

wL
:=
hL

column
dim ensions:

column
unbraced length:

250
mm
800

LuL := 5000mm

200
200 mm

200

Overlap:
width (north-south direction) overlap:

O W := 250mm

centre of upper colum n to center of overlap:

U := 300mm

centre of lower colum n to center of overlap:

L := 300mm

length (east-west direction) overlap:


O U :=

1
2

) (

hU + hL - U + L

O U = 100.00 mm

Column load:

25

Pf := 800kN

Pf
f'c Ag

OFFICE STANDARDS
Column Offsets/Transitions in Concrete Buildings - Worked Example
Jun 30, 2016

906

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1) CHECK BEARING STRESSES OF OVERLAP AREA

Say area of developed dowels in both colum ns is:


2

As := 4 300mm = 1200 mm

axial load capacity due to concrete bearing &


developed dowels:
Br := 0.85 c f'c O W O U + s fy As
Br = 822.37 kN
Check:

Pf
Br

= 0.97 <= 1.0 ? Yes,OK.

2) CHECK COLUMN SLENDERNESS


Slenderness criterion per Cl 10.15.2:

k lu
r

25 - 10
=

M1
M2

{ As shown in free body diagram in Section 3) below, M1 := 0kN m }

Pf
f'c Ag

Upper column:
k := 1.00

l u := LuU = 3800 mm

Check slenderness:

k lu
r

r :=

wU

Ag := wU hU = 150000 mm

12
25 - 10

= 52.65 <=

M1
M2

= 59.29

? Yes.

Pf
f'c Ag

The colum n can be designed by spColum n without considering the slenderness effects.

OFFICE STANDARDS
Column Offsets/Transitions in Concrete Buildings - Worked Example
Jun 30, 2016

906

3/6

Lower column:
k := 1.00

l u := LuL = 5000 mm

Check slenderness:

k lu
r

r :=

wL

Ag := wL hL = 200000 mm

12
25 - 10

= 69.28 <=

M1
M2

= 68.47

? No.

Pf
f'c Ag

The colum n should be designed as a slender colum n using spColumn.

3) CALCULATE THE HORIZONTAL FORCE COMPONENTS


1. Free body diagram

2. Relative rotational stiffness


upper colum n:
4

KU :=
LuU

wU hU
12

3
6

= 4.74 10 mm

lower colum n:
3

KL :=
LuL

3. Horizontal force components

wL hL
12

= 8.53 10 mm

OFFICE STANDARDS
Column Offsets/Transitions in Concrete Buildings - Worked Example
Jun 30, 2016

M U :=

KU
KU + KL

Pf U + L = 171.34 kN m

==>

906

MU

HU :=

ts

HU = 43.93 kN

LuU +
2
M L :=

KL
KU + KL

Pf U + L = 308.66 kN m

==>

ML

HL :=

ts

HL = 60.52 kN

LuL +
2

HL - HU = 16.59 kN

4) CHECK HORIZONTAL FORCE TRANSFER - BEARING


Bearing capacity (in kN) as a function of slab thickness & width of column:

B r hslab , b col := 0.85 c f'c hslab b col


Check top slab:
HU = 43.93kN

<=

B r tU , wU = 828.75kN

? Yes, OK.

Check bottom slab:


HL = 60.52kN

<=

B r tL, wL = 828.75kN

? Yes, OK.

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OFFICE STANDARDS
Column Offsets/Transitions in Concrete Buildings - Worked Example
Jun 30, 2016

906

5) CHECK HORIZONTAL FORCE TRANSFER - SHEAR IN SLAB

Say the face of the lower colum n is only 150 mm from the edge of the slab . The shear capacity
of the slab as a function of the slab thickness and critical depth bo is given by:

f'c

Vr hslab , b o := 0.38 c

MPa

MPa hslab bo

Check slab below lower colum n:


HL
2

= 30.26kN

<=

Vr t L, wL + 100mm = 94.70kN

? Yes, OK.

When the shear transfer through slab is insufficient, special reinforcem ent can be provided as shown in the figure:
Special Reinforcement For Edge Columns.

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OFFICE STANDARDS
Column Offsets/Transitions in Concrete Buildings - Worked Example
Jun 30, 2016

906

(3 200mm2) 2 0.85 400MPa = 408 kN


7) CHECK HORIZONTAL FORCE TRANSFER - SHEAR IN COLUMN

Colum n's shear resistance due to concrete:

Vc b w , dv := c

Colum n's shear resistance due to steel:

f'c

Av
Vs Av , s , dv := s fy cot( 35deg)
dv
s

MPa b w dv
MPa

Check upper column (say two legs of 10M @ 300 cl. ties):
HU = 43.93kN

<=

Vc wU , 0.72hU + V s 100mm 2 , 300mm, 0.72hU = 209.05kN

? Yes, OK.

Check lower colum n (say two legs of 10M @ 200 cl. ties):
HL = 60.52kN

<=

Vc wL, 0.72hL + Vs 100mm 2, 200mm, 0.72hL = 371.97kN

? Yes, OK.

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