Class XI Mathematics NCERT Solutions

RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS

Miscellaneous Exercise
Answers
1.

f ( x ) = x2

Given:

0 x3

and

3 x 10

and f ( 3) = 3 3 = 9

f ( 3) = ( 3) = 9
2

At x = 3,

f ( x ) = 3x

It is observed that f ( x ) takes unique value at each point in its domain [0, 10]. Therefore, f is
a function.
Now,
g ( x ) = x2

0 x2

and

2 x 10

and g ( 2 ) = 3 2 = 6

g ( 2) = ( 2) = 4
2

At x = 2,

g ( x ) = 3x

Therefore, g ( x ) does not have unique value at x = 2.

Hence, g ( x ) is not a function.
2.

f ( x ) = x2

Given:

f (1.1) = (1.1) = 1.21

At x = 1.1

3.

f (1.1) f (1)

(1.1 1)

and

f (1) = (1) = 1
2

1.21 1 0.21
=
= 2.1
0.1
0.1

x2 + 2 x + 1
Given: f ( x ) = 2
x 8 x + 12
f ( x ) is a rational function of x.
f ( x ) assumes real values of all x except for those values of x for which
x 2 8 x + 12 = 0

4.

( x 6 )( x 2 ) = 0

x = 2, 6

Domain of function = R {2, 6}

Given:

f ( x ) = x 1, f ( x ) assumes real values if x 1 0

x [1, )

Domain of f ( x ) = [1, )

x 1

For x 1, f ( x ) 0

5.

Given:

Range of f ( x ) = all real numbers 0 = [ 0, )

f ( x) = x 1

The function f ( x ) is defined for all values of x.

Domain of f ( x ) = R

When x > 1 ,

x 1 = x 1 > 0

When x = 1 ,

x 1 = 0

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When x < 1,

6.

Here

Range of f ( x ) = All real numbers 0 = [ 0, )

f ( x) =

Putting y =

7.

x2
1 + x2

x2
1 + x2

y + yx 2 = x 2

y
1 y

x=

x2 =

Now,

x will be real if

0 y <1

Range of f ( x ) = [ 0,1)

Given:
Now,
And
And

8.

x 1 = x + 1 > 0

Given:

Now
And
Given:

(i)
(ii)
(iii)
10. (i)

x 2 (1 y ) = y

y
0
y 1

y
1 y

y
0
1 y
y [ 0,1)

f ( x ) = x + 1 and g ( x ) = 2 x 3

( f + g )( x ) = f ( x ) + g ( x ) = x + 1 + 2 x 3 = 3x 2
( f g )( x ) = f ( x ) g ( x ) = x + 1 2 x + 3 = x + 4
( f ) x = f ( x) = x +1 , x 3
( )
g ( x) 2x 3
2
(g)
f ( x ) = ax + b and f = {(1,1) , ( 2,3) , ( 0, 1) , (1, 3)}
f (1) = 1, f ( 2 ) = 3, f ( 0 ) = 1, f ( 1) = 3
a 1 + b = 1
f (1) = 1

a2+b = 3
f ( 2) = 3

Solving eq. (i) and (ii), we get

9.

R = {( a, b ) : a, b N and a = b

a +b =1

.(i)

2a + b = 3

.(ii)

a = 2 and b = 1

No, (3, 3) R because 3 32

No, (9, 3) R but (3, 9) R
No, (81, 9) R but (81, 3) R
Here A = {1, 2, 3, 4} and B = {1, 5, 9, 11, 15, 16}

A x B = {(1, 1), (1, 5), (1, 9), (1, 11), (1, 15), (1, 16), (2, 1), (2, 5), (2, 9), (2, 11),
(2, 15), (2, 16), (3, 1), (3, 5), (3, 9), (3, 11), (3, 15), (3, 16), (4, 1), (4, 5),
(4, 9), (4, 11), (4, 15), (4, 16)}
f = {(1, 5), (2, 9), (3, 1), (4, 5), (2, 11)}
Now, (1, 5), (2, 9), (3, 1), (4, 5), (2, 11) A x B

f is a relation from A to B.

11. We observed that 1 x 4 = 4 and 2 x 2 = 4

(1 x 4, 1 + 4) f
and (2 x 2, 2 + 2) f
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(4, 5) f

and

(4, 4) f

It shows that f is not a function from Z to Z.

12. Here
A = {9, 10, 11, 12, 13}
For n = 9, f ( 9 ) = 3

[ 9 = 3 x 3 and 3 is highest prime factor of 9]

For n = 10, f (10 ) = 5

[ 10 = 2 x 5]

For n = 11, f (11) = 11

[ 11 = 1 x 11]

For n = 12, f (12 ) = 3

[ 12 = 3 x 3 x 2]

For n = 13, f (13) = 13

[ 13 = 1 x 13]

Range of f = {5, 11, 3, 13} = {3, 5, 11, 13}

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