POULTRY BREED OF

INDIA
SUBMITTED TO:

SUBMITTED BY:

DR. R.S.JOSHI

SURENDRA KUMAR YADAV

PROFESSOR

ROLL NO :67

DEPT. OF ANIMAL GENETICS & BREEDING

REG. NO :02-497-2010

COLLEGE OF VETERINARY SCIENCE & A.H.

A.A.U.,ANAND

BREEDS OF INDIGENOUS CHICKEN

OF INDIA

Aseel

Ankaleshwar

Kadaknath

Naked neck

Nicobari

Ghagus

Busra

Chittagong

Miri

Daothigir

Brown Desi

Danki

Titri

Harringhatta

Black

Kashmir

Faveralla

Kalasthi

Loalab

PunjabBrown

Tani

Tellicherry

ASEEL

The literal meaning of Aseel is real or pure.

Aseel is well known for its pugnacity, high stamina, majestic gait and dogged fighting
qualities.

The name Aseel appears to have been given to this indigenous breed because of its inherent
qualities of fighting. The remarkable endurance of an Aseel even during the most critical
stages of fight is proverbial as it prefers death to dishonour. The Aseel is, therefore, known to
every game lovers all over the world for these specific characteristics.

Andhra Pradesh is said to be the home of this important breed. The best specimen of this
breed, although rare, are encountered with the fanciers and the people engaged in cockfighting show through out the country.

Aseel is larger inbuilt with noble looking and dignified appearance. A good specimen of an
Aseel cock usually measure 28 inches from back to toe.

The standard weight varies from 3 to 4 kg for cocks and 2 to 3 kg for hens. Pea comb are also
occasionally encountered. The wattles are rudimentary and almost imperceptible. The beak
is short and well curved. The face is long and not covered with feathers. The eyes are
compact, wells et and present bold looks. The neck is long, uniformly thick but not fleshy.

The general feathering is close, scanty and almost absent on the breast. The plumage has
practically no fluff and the feathers are tough. The tail is small and the legs are strong,
straight, clean and set well apart. The birds as a rule present upright material gait suggestive
of strength and alertness. Aseel is larger in built with noble looking and dignified appearance.

KADAKNATH

This breed is otherwise known as Kalamasi which means

fowl with black flesh and is native of Madhya Pradesh

The colour of the day old chicks is bluish to black with irregular
dark stripes over the back.

The adult plumage varies from silver to gold spangled to blue

black without any spangling.

The skin, beak, shank, toes and soles of feet of males and
females are dark gray colour. Even the comb, wattles and
tongue also show a purplish hue. The shining blue tinge of the
earlobes add to its unique features.

The peculiarity of this breed is that most of the internal organs

show the characteristic black pigmentation which is more
pronounced in trachea, thoracic and abdominal air sacs,
gonads, elastic arteries, at the base of the heart and
mesentery. Varying degree of blackish colouration is also
found in the skeletal muscles, tendons, nerves, meninges,
brain and bone marrow. The black colour of muscles and
tissues is due to the deposition of melanin pigment, a genetic
condition called "Fibromelanosis".

NACKED NECK

Naked neck is relatively larger inbuilt with long cylindrical neck.

As the name indicates, neck of the birds is fully naked or only a tuft of
feathers is seen on the front of the neck above crop. The resulting bare
skin becomes reddish particularly in males as they approach sexual
maturity. General body feathering is also reduced.

Various types of combs viz. pea, rose, walnut and single combs are seen.

The beak is short and well curved. The face is long and not covered with
feathers. The eyes are compact and well set. The skin is thin and pinkish in
colour.

The beak and shanks have no correlation with plumage colour. Main
plumage colours are brown, black, white and mixture of brown and
black.

Due to the reduced feathering, the birds are capable to tolerate the
tropical stress. It lays the biggest size eggs among all the Indian native
breeds of chicken.

Trivandrum region of Kerala is considered to be the homeland of Naked

neck but it is available throughout hot and humid coastal area including
Andaman and Nicobar island and North-Eastern states of the country in
small numbers.

People of these regions have great affinity for Naked neck birds due to
their better adaptability to the hot and humid climatic conditions as well
as for better taste and flavour of meat

FRIZZLE FEATHER

Frizzle fowls have oval body with well-developed comb and

wattles.

The skin is thin and pinkish pale in colour.

The beak and shanks generally have no correlations with the

plumage colour and are creamish pale in colour.

The birds have single comb and earlobes are well developed
with white spots on them. The eyes are bright and welldeveloped. Plumage colours vary considerably among the birds
but white, brown, black and mixed colour are most common.

Frizzle fowls are found all over the hot and humid coastal areas
including Andaman Nicobar Islands. Good numbers of these
birds are also available on high altitudes hilly tracts of NorthEastern states.

It is said that birds have better adaptability to the hot and humid
climatic conditions.

BRAHMAS
ORIGIN: This breed originated in the brahmaputra valley where birds of their
ancestral type known as grey chittagongs
CHARACTERISTICS :
PHYSICAL:
brahmas large body size,with intricate colour pattern make them

show bird
ECONOMICAL:

The standard weight for cock is 5.4 kg, hen is 4.3 kg,

cockerel 4.5 kg and pullet 3.6 kg.

They have yellow skin and lay brown tinted eggs.

VARIETIES:

1.Light

2.Buff

3.Dark

COCHIN
ORIGIN: The bird originated in shanghai area of china.

CHARACTERISTICS :
PHYSICAL: The bird is massive in appearance due to long and profuse
feathering and feathered shanks. Breast is carried low and in females there is
very prominent development of cushion at base of tail. The comb is single.
ECONOMICAL:

The standard weight for cock, cockerel, hen and pullets, are 5, 3.6, 3.8 and
3.1 kg respectively.

VARIETIES:

Buff

Black

partridge

BUSRA

This breed is fairly common in

kathiawar and around bombay.

Busra bird is deep bodied,

light in feather, alert and
smaller

CHITTAGONG
ORIGIN: found mostly in easten india.
CHARACTERISTICS:

PHYSICAL:

It is also known as the malay

It is a large bird measuring sometime 75 cm from back to toe.

the birds have a small pea comb resembling a small lump of tiny
warts;

the wattles are red and hardly visible in the hen;

the earlobes are small, usually red sometimes mixed with a little
white;

the breast is broad, deep and fleshy; the shoulder is broad with
slight narrow loins; the plumage is close to the body, firm, short and
glossy, standard plumage colour is lacking,

Recent Varieties of Poultry

Developed in India

1.HH-260
HH -260 is a promising indigenous hybrid of white Leghorn, released by the Central Breeding Farm,
Hessarghatta for general rearing in 1979. The bird can lay 250-260 eggs per year and is noted I, for
its low feed conversion and less mortality. The bird requires only 110 g of feed per day and lays its
first egg when it is 148 days old. It can stand most stress factors and has resistance against lymphoid
I leucosis disease.

2. B8-78
The Central Poultry Breeding Farm, Bombay, has developed, a hybrid layer named as BH- 78 which
gives at least 260 eggs per year. This hybrid bird consumes just 110 g per day of feed for 260 eggs. It
has a high egg weight of 54 g in 40 weeks.

3. ILI-80 and B-77

The Central Avian Research Institute in 1989 developed commercial layers (ILI-80), capable of
producing 260-270 eggs per year and broilers (B- 77) with performance of 1450 to 1550 g body
weight at 8 weeks of age with high viability, dressing percentage and feed conversion.

4. Improved Kadaknath
The Central Avian Research Institute also developed a new strain of Kadaknath having
annual egg production record of up to 150 eggs as compared to 80 eggs of pure breed
Kadaknath, and an increase of egg size from 39.75 g for the pure breed t041.00 g for the
improved one.

Birds having 75% blood of Kadaknath and 25% blood of white Leghorn are suitable for
economical production in the rural areas because of the following advantages:
i. It can withstand harsh climate;
ii. Not much care is needed regarding feeding and management; and
iii. Due to farmer's attachment to the colour of the native bird, this would be popular among
people in the tribal areas where farmers do not readily accept the high yielding exotic
breeds of poultry.

5. Desix WC
Desix WC is a meat type cross bred of Miri (female indigenous) and white Cornish (male),
developed in the Assam Agricultural University. The highest profit was noted in the 10 week of
the bird's age. It has superior qualities of the indigenous breed, though it is less profitable than
the white Cornish. When Miri was crossed with white Leghorn, better adaptability and egg
production was observed in the cross bred bird.

6. I.B.B. 83

I.B.B.83 variety has been evolved by the University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore. These are coloured
broiler chicks and gain a good body weight corresponding to 1.1 -1.2. kg by 6th week and 1.5 -1.7 kg by 8th
week with 2 and 2.5 feed conversion ratio respectively. Mortality rate is very low being only 2 per cent.

7. In addition to the various Universities and Government breeding farms, there are private sector breeding
farms and hatcheries which sell day old cross breds for layers or broilers. Some of the layer and broiler breeds
are mentioned as under.

a. Layers

i. TARA 287

Body weight at 20 weeks -1160 g

Age at peak production -28 weeks

Feed per bird per day -105 g

Egg colour -White

ii. Sonali 311

Body weight at 20 weeks -1300 g

Age at peak production -26-27 weeks

Average egg weight -56.5 g

J Feed per bird per day -115 g

Egg colour -golden

iii. Shaver Star Cross 288

Hen housed average at 14 months -310-330 eggs

Age at peak production -25-27 weeks

.Laying potential per year -300 eggs

iv. Kalinga Hybrid white egg layer(Central Poultry

Breeding farm, Bhubaneswar)

Annual egg production 245-250 eggs

Average egg weight -53 g

Average daily feed intake -108 g

Egg colour -white

v. Kalinga Hybrid Brown Egg Layer

Annual egg production -250 -255 eggs

Average egg weight -54 g

Feed per day per bird -109 g

Egg colour -Tinted

vi. LSL

Annual egg production -300

Average egg weight -62.5 g Feed conversion -2.30

vii. BV-300

Annual egg production -280 -300 eggs

Peak period -25-26 weeks

Mortality rate -7%

b. Broilers

i. Shaver Starbro

Weight gain in 6 weeks -1600 g

Feed conversion at 6 weeks -1.93

Livability -98%

ii. Vencobs

Body weight in 6 weeks -1600 g

Feed conversion at 6 weeks. 1.80

Livability -98%

iii. Lohmann Broiler

Body weight in 6 weeks -1,850 g

Feed conversion -1.90

iv. Hybro broiler

Body weight at 8 weeks -2.289 kg

THANK YOU