Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Abstract
The oil industry continues to face the problem of sand
production /movement along with the oil/gas due to
migration of fine sand. The most common method for
sand control is mechanical method of sand-control by
gravel packing with installing a assembly in the well,
before commencement of oil/gas production. The gravelpack results in slightly lesser productivity due to
pressure-drop across the pack / liner. This also
sometimes results in complicated fishing in case of deep
/ inclined wells. An innovative idea of packing the
formation with suitable gravel at high rate has been tried
in-all 30 wells to arrest the movement of sand. It has
been termed as High Rate Formation-Pack
High Rate Formation Pack
This technique uses pumping of low viscosity carrying
fluid with gravel usually at rates of 2-5 bbls / min. The
goal is to restore a highly permeable connection
between well bore and the reservoir by pumping gravelladen slurry below the fracture extension pressure. Once
the injection rates for exceeding the fracture extension
pressure is determined, the job pumping rate can be
designed from the following:
HRFP pumping rate =fracture extension rate +returns
rate-2 bbls / min.
The actual job can be designed with either a
continuous sand concentration of 1-2 ppg typically, or
the job can be designed by using alternately stages of
pad and slurry. The choice of pad (fluid with no sand)
and slurry is generally used in zones that have a
significant amount of permeability variation. This
SPE 68639
SPE 68639
References
1. Haynes, C.D.,Gray, K.E., " Sand
Particle
Transport in
Perforated Casing" SPE 403
October, 1972.
2. Novonty, R.,Maston, R.P., " Laboratory Observations
of Gravel
Placement Techniques" SPE 5659,
September, 1975.
3. Shyrock, S.G., "Gravel-Packing Studies in a FullScale Deviated Model Wellbore" SPE 9421,
September, 1980.
4. McLeod, H.O., Crawford, H.R.,"Gravel Packing for
High Rate Completions" SPE 11008 September,
1984
5. Welling, R.W.F., Nyland, T.,"Detailed Testing of
Gravel-packed Completions" OSEA 90121,
December, 1990.
6. Welling, R.W.F., Jonathan, P., Reijnen, P.H.F.,
Samuel, A.J., "Quantifying
the Factors
Influencing Gravel Placement and Productivity
of an
Internally
Gravel Packed
Completion based on Field Data Analysis" SPE
30113, 1995.
7. Allen, T.O. and
Roberts, A.P., Production
Opertations
Vol I, Oil & Gas Consultants,
Tulsa ,1982.
SPE 68639
SPE 68639
Fig. 1
Fig. 1
GRAVEL
PERFORATION
TUNNEL
SCREEN
FORMATION
CEMENT
CASING
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Table -1
Well / Depth / Job
type
A 9200 ft. Low ppg
GP / SRP
B 9250 ft. High ppg
GP
C 9230 ft. HRFP /
cementation
Production Data
WC %
65
Qo : M3
7
85
SPE 68639
11
QL : M3
15
WC %
60
Qo : M3
6
20
18
48
65
17
Chart -1
90
80
70
QL, WC, Qo
60
Production Before job QL : M3
Production Before job WC %
Production Before job Qo : M3
Production After job QL : M3
Production After job WC %
Production After job Qo : M3
50
40
30
20
10
0
A 9200 ft. Low ppg GP / SRP
SPE 68639
WC %
Qo : M3
QL : M3
WC %
Qo : M3
50
98
43
70
13
54
90
46
50
23
Chart 2
120
100
QL, WC, Qo
80
Production Before job QL : M3
Production Before job WC %
Production Before job Qo : M3
Production After job QL : M3
Production After job WC %
Production After job Qo : M3
60
40
20
0
AA 9100 ft. WSO & GP 10-12 ppg
SPE 68639
Before
job
After
job
status
ason
31/3/2000
Before
job
After
job
status
ason
31/3/2000
Before
job
After
job
status
ason
31/3/2000
A, 29/6/96
B, 28/2/97
C, 28/5/97
D, 26/6/98
E,12/12/98
QL : M3
70
54
22
67
28
QL : M3
48
46
26
40
32
QL : M3
45
43
41
41
38
WC %
85
90
38
92
78
WC %
65
50
53
40
10
WC %
90
28
40
40
8
Qo : M3
11
5
14
5
6
Qo : M3
17
23
12
24
29
Qo : M3
5
31
25
25
35
Tabel -3 (2)
100
90
90
80
80
70
70
60
60
QL,WC,Qo
100
50
40
50
40
30
30
20
20
10
10
Well- B, 28/2/97
A, 29/6/96
Table - 3 (4)
Table - 3 (3)
100
60
90
50
80
70
QL,WC,Qo
QL,WC,Qo
40
30
20
60
50
40
30
20
10
10
0
Well- D, 26/6/98
Well- C, 28/5/97
T a b le
- 3
(5 )
9 0
B e fo re
jo b
Q L
: M 3
8 0
A f te r jo b
Q L : M 3
7 0
s ta tu s o n
3 1 /3 /2 0 0 0 Q L : M 3
6 0
B e fo re
QL,WC,Qo
QL,WC,Qo
Table -3 (1)
jo b
W C
5 0
A f te r jo b
W C
4 0
s ta tu s o n
3 1 /3 /2 0 0 0 W C
3 0
B e fo re
jo b
Q o
: M 3
2 0
A f te r jo b
Q o : M 3
1 0
s ta tu s o n
0
W e ll- E , 1 2 /1 2 /9 8
W e ll / D a t e / H R F P
3 1 /3 /2 0 0 0 Q o : M 3