PorosityWireline

CNL* Compensated Neutron Log and Litho-Density* Tool

(fresh water in invaded zone)
Porosity and LithologyOpen Hole
Purpose
This chart is used with the bulk density and apparent limestone
porosity from the CNL Compensated Neutron Log and Litho-Density
tools, respectively, to approximate the lithology and determine the
crossplot porosity.
Description
Enter the chart with the environmentally corrected apparent neutron limestone porosity on the x-axis and bulk density on the y-axis.
The intersection of the two values describes the crossplot porosity
and lithology.
If the point is on a lithology curve, that indicates that the formation is primarily that lithology. If the point is between the lithology
curves, then the formation is a mixture of those lithologies. The position of the point in relation to the two lithology curves as composition endpoints indicates the mineral percentages of the formation.
The porosity for a point between lithology curves is determined
by scaling the crossplot porosity by connecting similar numbers on
the two lithology curves (e.g., 20 on the quartz sandstone curve to
20 on the limestone curve). The scale line closest to the point represents the crossplot porosity.
Chart Por-12 is used for the same purpose as this chart for saltwater-invaded zones.

Example
Given:
Find:
Answer:

Corrected apparent neutron limestone porosity =

16.5 p.u. and bulk density = 2.38 g/cm3.
Crossplot porosity and lithology.
Crossplot porosity = 18 p.u. The lithology is approximately 40% quartz and 60% limestone.

Por

224

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PorosityWireline
General

CNL* Compensated Neutron Log and Litho-Density* Tool

(fresh water in invaded zone)

Por-11
(former CP-1e)

Porosity and LithologyOpen Hole

Liquid-Filled Borehole (f = 1.000 g/cm3 and Cf = 0 ppm)

1.9
45

2.0

40

Sulfur
Salt
Ap
pro
xim
cor gas ate
rec
tion

2.2

35

15

2.4

30

e
25
ton
s
nd
25
sa
tz
r
e)
a
Qu
ton
s
e
(lim
20
e
t
25
lci
Ca

20

15

10
10

2.6

35

30

30

25

20

15

te
20
mi
o
l
Do

2.5
5

35

30

y
sit
ro
o
P

2.3

10

15
5

Density
porosity,
D (p.u.)
(ma = 2.71 g/cm3,
f = 1.0 g/cm3)

2.7

40

35

2.1

Bulk
density,
b (g/cm3)

45

40

10

0
5

2.8
0

10

2.9

3.0

15

Anhydrite
0

10

20

30

Por

40

Corrected apparent limestone neutron porosity, CNLcor (p.u.)

*Mark of Schlumberger
Schlumberger

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225

PorosityWireline
General

CNL* Compensated Neutron Log and Litho-Density* Tool

(salt water in invaded zone)

Por-12
(former CP-11)

Porosity and LithologyOpen Hole

Liquid-filled borehole (f = 1.190 g/cm3 and Cf = 250,000 ppm)

1.9
45

2.0

45 45

Sulfur
Salt

40
Ap
pro
xim
cor gas ate
rec
tion

2.1

2.2

40

Bulk
density,
b (g/cm3)

10
10

5
2.6

30

35

30
25

30

20

25

15

Density
porosity,
D (p.u.)
(ma = 2.71 g/cm3,
f = 1.19 g/cm3)

10

2.7

35

30

ne
sto
d
n
25
sa
rtz
20
e)
a
Qu
ton
s
0
e
2
(lim
te
i
c
l
Ca
15
20
ite
lom
o
D
15

15

2.5

35

y
sit
ro
o
P
25

2.3

2.4

40

35

5
10

5
5

2.8

10

2.9
15
3.0

Anhydrite
0

10

20

30

40

Corrected apparent limestone neutron porosity, CNLcor (p.u.)

*Mark of Schlumberger
Schlumberger

Por
Purpose
This chart is used similarly to Chart Por-11 with CNL Compensated
Neutron Log and Litho-Density values to approximate the lithology
and determine the crossplot porosity in the saltwater-invaded zone.

226

Example
Given:
Find:
Answer:

Corrected apparent neutron limestone porosity =

16.5 p.u. and bulk density = 2.38 g/cm3.
Crossplot porosity and lithology.
Crossplot porosity = 20 p.u. The lithology is approximately 55% quartz and 45% limestone.

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PorosityWireline
General

Sonic and Thermal Neutron Crossplot

Porosity and LithologyOpen Hole, Freshwater Invaded

Purpose
This chart is used to determine crossplot porosity and an approximation of lithology for sonic and thermal neutron logs in freshwater
drilling fluid.

Example
Given:

Description
Enter the corrected neutron porosity (apparent limestone porosity)
on the x-axis and the sonic slowness time (t) on the y-axis to find
their intersection point, which describes the crossplot porosity and
lithology composition of the formation. Two sets of curves are drawn
on the chart. The blue set of curves represents the crossplot porosity
values using the sonic time-average algorithm. The red set of curves
represents the field observation algorithm.

Find:
Answer:

Thermal neutron apparent limestone porosity = 20 p.u.

and sonic slowness time = 89 s/ft in freshwater
drilling fluid.
Crossplot porosity and lithology.
Enter the neutron porosity on the x-axis and the sonic
slowness time on the y-axis. The intersection point is at
about 25 p.u. on the field observation line and 24.5 p.u.
on the time-average line. The matrix is quartz sandstone.

Por

234

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PorosityWireline
General

Sonic and Thermal Neutron Crossplot

Por-20

Porosity and LithologyOpen Hole, Freshwater Invaded

(customary, former CP-2c)

tf = 190 s/ft and Cf = 0 ppm

110

35

40

40

Time average
Field observation

35 35
30

35

30

35

Qu
30 30
ar
tz
sa
nd
sto
ne
25

20

25

30

90

25 25

Po
ros
ity

100

15

Sonic transit time,

t (s/ft)

20

30

15
15

10

10

Sa
lt

20

15

10

70

25

15

20

20
Ca
lci
t
20 e (lim
es
t
25 one
Do
)
lom
ite

80

60
10

10

15

Por

50

An
hy
dr
ite
0

5
5

10

40
0

10

20

30

40

Corrected CNL* apparent limestone neutron porosity, CNLcor (p.u.)

*Mark of Schlumberger
Schlumberger

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235

PorosityWireline
General

Sonic and Thermal Neutron Crossplot

Por-21

Porosity and LithologyOpen Hole, Freshwater Invaded

(metric, former CP-2cm)

t f = 620 s/m and Cf = 0 ppm

360

40

40

Time average
Field observation

15

25

10

20

200

15

10

10

15

Sa
lt

20

15

10

15

20

240

30

20

20

260
Sonic transit time,
t (s/m)

Ca
lci
te
(
Do
25
25 lime
lom
sto
ne
ite
)
25

20

280

220

35

30

30

25
25

Po
ros
ity

35

Qu
30 30
ar
tz
sa
nd
sto
ne
30

320

300

35 35

35

340

10

15

0
5

180

An
hy
dri
te

Por

10

0
5

160

140

0
*Mark of Schlumberger
Schlumberger

10

20

Purpose
This chart is used similarly to Chart Por-20 for metric units.
236

30

Corrected CNL* apparent limestone neutron porosity, CNLcor (p.u.)

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40