Election of 1800

- Tries to reverse everything John Adam (Federalist) has done.

- Gets rid of Whiskey rebellion, French War, Alien and Sedition
Act

Social
-

Tariffs/Excise Taxes
- Low Tariff.
- He hated excise tax
- Debt/Military
- He wants no Debt because he doesnt want to borrow money
from national bank
- Big Military gives federal gov power, doesnt want to borrow
money for war.

Midnight Judge
- Passes a law that gets rid of Midnight Judges (who were
selected Judge by Adam because he left)(Mostly Federalist)

Marbury v. Madison
- Marshall decided for the first time ever on whether the
Congress law was constitutional without the Supreme Court
- Established judicial review power of the Supreme Court on
whether the law was constitutional
- Constitutional in the first place?
- Not about whether Marbury should get the job
- Up to the Supreme Court to decide whether its legitimate

Louisiana Purchase
- Violates his own Vision to get territory for Farmers to get land
- He sends two people to negotiate with Napoleon
- He goes against the constitution however even Federalist
agree with his decision

Lewis
-

Vision
Wants to provide opportunity average white men farmer
Public education
Limited Gov.
Minimizing power of merchandizing, banker, manufacture.

and Clark (1804~1806)

They went to know what they are buying
Exploration and forts
Scientific and political expedition

Hamilton v. Burr
Order in Council
Napoleonic System
Embargo of 1807
- Americans are being blockaded by the British
- Forbids Americans trading with the British
- Experiences horrific economic failure
Madison
Macon Bill #2

- Non importation act (not bringing anything in)

- Gets rid of the embargo act
War of 1812
- Trade conflicts
- British helping Indians with arms
- American nationalism
Impressment of US sailors
o British needed sailors
o Sailors were mainly British anyways
Subvert America
o Convinced that British were up to no good
War Hawks want more land (Canada)
Conflict with Indians (more land)
Turning point for Indians: Henry defeats the Prophet and his
brother
Northern states were against war, Southern & Western
wanted war
Americans are optimistic by showing up they expect people
to love them
Treaty of Ghent 1815 basically solved nothing
o British couldve punished America
o England tried to create a balanced European power
because Russia and Prussia wanted Poland and etc
after being freed from France
Tecumseh
Madison Platform
Hartford Convention
- End the 3/5ths Compromise
- 2/3 of both House must agree
- Limit Congress power to lay embargos
- Limit Congress power regulate foreign trade
- Congress cannot declare war without the agreement of both
Houses
- Only wanted Americans running the government
- Prevent the influence of the Democrats

Monroe
Panic of 1819
o A financial crisis
Adams-Onis Treaty (Invasion of Florida)
o Buys Florida from Spain because they had just lost everything
Era of Good Feelings (does the same things as Madison)
o American System
Missouri Compromise
o Missouri is admitted as a slave state
o Maine is carved out of Massachusetts to become a state
o Any new state south of the line can establish slavery
o Almost keeps America from having a civil war
Election of 1824 End of American System
McCullough v. Maryland

Economics
Steam Power
Robert Fulton
Lowell System
Regional Specialization
American Character
o Home Grown Commerce
o Westward Expansion
o Optimism
o Mass Politicking
o Evangelical Purification of Society
Slavery
Southern Slavery
o Expansion of slavery was speeding up and westward and
density
Cotton important to North
Peculiar Institution
o Exclusively belongs to the southerners
Defended slavery by paternalism
o Taking care of unfortunate and less evolved slaves
o Negroes are incapable of taking care of themselves
o Its a blessing for negroes because White people came along
to take care of them
o Black people can learn how to work and find Jesus
City slaves could be hired out
Task System & Gang Systems
Slavery is not a market system
o There are no numbers
o Slave work is more humane than wage work
o But slave work isnt morally better
Biblical Defense (HAM)
o Justification - according to southern white preachers, HAM,
the son of Noah was cursed by Noah to be a slave to his
brothers or humanity
o HAM was supposed to be black person who founded all of
Africa
o Noah got drunk and naked, and all his sons saw him and put
him in the tent except HAM
o HAM mocked and ridiculed Noah, so Noah cursed HAM
o Believed that HAM was Black, and he populated Africa
Religion
o AME Church was built after the Great Awakening gave
Africans hope
o Is the church of African slavery
o Protestant evangelical church
Gabriel Prosser
Denmark Vesey
Nat Turner

Jackson
Election of 1824
Andrew Jackson runs for presidency
House of Representatives were responsible for picking the president
(Jackson v. John Quincy Adams)
Henry Clay will try to sabotage Andrew Jackson
o Andrew Jackson doesnt win, and Henry Clay becomes the
secretary
o Henry Clay helps someone become the president, in
exchange to be the secretary (Corrupt Bargain)
Forms his own political party because hes mad
Federalists will die after John Quincy Adams (Northern
States)
Democratic party
Party of poor whites, south and west, immigrants
Election of 1828
1828 Andrew Jackson wins because more poor whites are allowed to
vote, property restrictions are lowered
Hes the hero of the poor white
Water shed election things change so dramatically you have to
take special notice
o Such substantial change that the national changes as a whole
- Federalists joined the Whigs, and Democrats joined the Democratic
Republican party
- American politics will be ruled by the ethos of a poor white uneducated
people
- Poor uneducated people dont like rich educated people
-Jacksonian Democracy economic opportunities for poor whites, anti
education, anti elitism
- Imperial presidency: vetoes stuffs all the time
Imperial Presidency
Geographic Expansion
Believed in Manifest Destiny
Getting rid of Native Americans and Spaniards
Too much territory is unknown
Indian Removal Act 1830
o Forcible removal of Chickasaw, Cherokee, Choctaw, Creek ,
Seminole
o Pass law to get rid of them
Expanded Suffrage
Pushes through many laws
Doubling of the amount of poor whites can votes
After Jackson, any white and male over the age of 21 not in prison
could vote
Spoils System (Patronage)
Fire everybody to replace them with your own political supporters

Government jobs should always be temporary

o Become power hungry and selfish
o Good natural way to rotate people out of jobs since theyre
not elected
Most government jobs are so simple and easy, so why not?
Now is about mass politics, have to convince people all over the
place to pass out liquor
o People who helped the president pass out free booze will ask
the president for the job
Laissez Faire
Didnt want to spend government to be spent on the economy
o Education, railroads
Never help corporations, people, churches etc
Government should stay out of the economy
Second Back of US
Hates because it is elitist, had too much economic power, source of
corruption
o Out of spite they ruin the economy
o Had to be friends with the people in the bank to do things
majorly financial
Refuses to renew the charter
Nullification Crisis
Martin Van Buren
Democrat, after Jackson
Blamed him for the depression
Panic of 1837
Financial crisis
Over speculative lending practices
o Banks had lent people money to buy land
o People keep buying land for a higher price
o Only buying land to sell for a high price
o Land becomes so overpriced, so people stop buying it, and
people who bought the lands have to pay loans
Decline in cotton prices
o More cotton = prices go down
Foreign countries stopped American banks money
o Banks failed because they gave money to land speculators
o Foreign countries pulled all their money back
o No national bank to borrow from
o America recalls their loans from the small banks, so they
come after the speculators
In the end, there is no loans, no growth, no banks, and everything
shuts down
Tariff
Amistad
Trail of Tears
2nd Seminole War
American Character
Home Grown Commerce

John

Westward Expansion
Optimism
Mass Politicking
Evangelical Purification Society
Tyler
Sounds more like a Democrat than a Whig
States rights (Very democrat)
Manifest Destiny (Very democrat)
Un Whig
His Accendency

Webster Ashburn
Treaty of Wanghia

Dorr Rebellion

Perfect example of conflict going on between universal white man

suffrage

Rhode Island didnt like the white man suffrage

People with property could vote
Demonstrates that state government can make up the rules
for votes
Suffrage state governments have more power
o State rights v. Federal government
Small rural elite were in control of the government
o Rural not urban
o Most people lived in the cities
o Just a few people are living in the city with a lot of land
o They get to vote
National supremacy vs. State
Who gets to vote / property qualifications
Irish are Catholics which is sinful
Economic systems
o Agriculture based on slaves and cotton
o North manufactures
Hired immigrants, Irish
o
o
o

Second Great Awakening

o Creates American culture that is present today
o If youre religious youre smarter
God is just too smart for us to figure
Just refer to Gods will and youll get his intelligence
o Changes the character of American religion
Christianity will transform itself in America
o Because we have to clean up America or Jesus will not come
back
o Favored ordinary people over elites
o Unintended consequences
White women receive a greater role
Start to treat women the same as men

African Americans receive a greater role

Believed that Jesus will came back unless the place is clean
America will be good for Jesus is only cleaned up a bit
Empower people to clean up

Abolition
o Wont come back until America is clean
Temperance
o Drinking is evil
o In your heart, you emotionally, so that your choice not to drink is
more powerful
Mail on Sundays
o Stop mail
o Sunday is supposed to be the lords day
Prisons / Insane Asylums
Utopian Communities

http://www.biography.com/people/henry-clay-9250385#synopsis
Economic necessity, white supremacy, paternalism = justification
What were the lasting effects of Jeffersons Embargo of 1807?
How did the American presidency change the vision of America between
1800 and 1844?