Yukon is the westernmost and smallest of Canada's three federal territories (the other

two are Northwest Territories and Nunavut). The territory is very sparsely populated with
its about 35,000 people on almost half a million km 2. Whitehorse is the
territorial capital and Yukon's only city. The territory is the approximate shape of a right
triangle, bordering the U.S. state of Alaska to the west and northwest for 1,210 km
(752 mi) mostly along longitude 141 W, the Northwest Territories to the east and British
Columbia to the south.

Nunavut is the newest, largest, northernmost, and least populous territory ofCanada. It
was separated officially from the Northwest Territories on April 1, 1999. Nunavut is both
the least populous and the largest in area of Canada's provinces and territories. One of
the world's most remote, sparsely settled regions, it has a population of 31,906,
mostly Inuit, spread over an area of just over 1,750,000 km2, the size of Western Europe.
Nunavut has land borders with the Northwest Territories on several islands as well as the
mainland, Manitoba to the south of the Nunavut mainland, Saskatchewan to the
southwest (at a single four-corner point), and a small land border with Newfoundland and
Labrador on Killiniq Island and with Ontario in two small locations in James Bay: the larger
located west of Akimiski Island and the smaller around the Albany River near Fafard
Island. It also shares maritime borders with Greenland and the provinces of Quebec,
Ontario, and Manitoba.

The Northwest Territories, a portion of the old North-West Territory, entered

the Canadian Confederation July 15, 1870, but the current borders were formed April 1,
1999, when the territory was subdivided to create Nunavut. The Northwest Territories are
bordered by Canada's two other territories, Nunavut to the east and Yukon to the west,
and by the provinces of British Columbia, Alberta, and Saskatchewan to the south.

Saskatchewan is a prairie and boreal province in west-central Canada, the only province
without natural borders. It has a total area of 651,900 square kilometres, nearly 10
percent of which (59,366 square kilometres is fresh water, composed mostly of rivers,
reservoirs, and the province's 100,000 lakes. Saskatchewan is bordered on the west
by Alberta, on the north by the Northwest Territories, on the east by Manitoba, to the
northeast by Nunavut, and on the south by the American states of Montana and North
Dakota.

Quebec is the second-most populous province inCanada and the only one to have a
predominantly French-speaking population, with French as the sole provincial official
language. Quebec is Canada's largest province by area and its second-largest
administrative division; only the territory of Nunavut is larger. It is bordered to the west
by the province of Ontario, James Bay, and Hudson Bay; to the north by Hudson
Strait and Ungava Bay; to the east by the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and the province
of Newfoundland and Labrador; it is bordered on the south by the province of New
Brunswick and the US states of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, and New York. It also
shares maritime borderswith Nunavut, Prince Edward Island, and Nova Scotia.

Prince Edward Island is a province of Canada consisting of the island of the same
name, as well as several much smaller islands. It is one of the three Maritime
Provinces and is the smallest province in both land area and population. It is located
about 200 km north ofHalifax, Nova Scotia and 600 km east of Quebec City. It consists of
the main island and 231 minor islands. Altogether, the entire province has a land area of
5,685.73 km2. Its capital is Charlottetown.

Ontario is one of the ten provinces of Canada, located in east-central Canada. It is

Canada's most populous province by a large margin, accounting for nearly 40 percent of
all Canadians, and is the second largest province in total area. Ontario is fourth largest in
total area when the territories of the Northwest Territories and Nunavut are included. It is
home to the nation's capital city, Ottawa, and the nation's most populous city, Toronto.
Ontario is bordered by the province of Manitoba to the west, Hudson Bay and James
Bay to the north, and Quebec to the east and northeast, and to the south by the US
states of (from west to east) Minnesota, Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania and New York .

Nova Scotia is one of Canada's three Maritime provinces, and one of the four provinces
which form Atlantic Canada. Its provincial capital is Halifax. Nova Scotia is the secondsmallest province in Canada, with an area of 55,284 square kilometres, including Cape
Breton and another 3,800 coastal islands. Nova Scotia is Canada's second-smallest
province in area after Prince Edward Island. The province's mainland is the Nova Scotia
peninsula surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, including numerous bays and estuaries.

Newfoundland and Labrador is the most easterly province of Canada. Situated in the
country's Atlantic
region,
it
comprises
the
island
ofNewfoundland and
mainland Labrador to the northwest, with a combined area of 405,212 square kilometres.
In 2013, the province's population was estimated at 526,702. About 92% of the
province's population lives on the island of Newfoundland (and its neighbouring smaller
islands), of whom more than half live on the Avalon Peninsula.

New Brunswick is one of Canada's threeMaritime provinces (together with Prince

Edward Island and Nova Scotia) and is the only constitutionally bilingual (English
French) province. It was created as a result of the partitioning of the British colony of
Nova Scotia in 1784. Fredericton is the capital, Moncton is the largest metropolitan (CMA)
area and Saint John is the most populous city. In the 2011 nationwide census,Statistics
Canada estimated the provincial population to have been 751,171, being on an area of
almost 73,000 km2. The majority of the population is English-speaking, but there is also a
large Francophone minority (33%).

Manitoba is a province at the longitudinal centre of Canada. It is one of the three prairie
provinces (withAlberta and Saskatchewan) and Canada's fifth-most populous province
with its estimated 1.3 million people. Manitoba covers 649,950 square kilometres with a
widely varied landscape. The province is bordered by the provinces of Ontarioto the east
and Saskatchewan to the west, the territories of Nunavut to the north, and Northwest
Territories to the northwest, and the US states of North Dakota and Minnesota to the
south.

British
Columbia,
(commonly
referred
to
by
its
initials BC),
is
the
westernmost province of Canada, with a population of more than 4 million people located
between the Pacific Ocean and the Rocky Mountains. British Columbia is also a
component of the Pacific Northwest and the Cascadia bioregion, along with the U.S.
states of Idaho, Oregon, Washington and Alaska. The capital of British Columbia
remains Victoria, the fifteenth-largest metropolitan region in Canada, named for
the Queen who created the original colonies. The largest city is Vancouver, the thirdlargest metropolitan areain Canada, the largest in Western Canada, and the secondlargest in the Pacific Northwest.

Alberta is a western province of Canada. With an estimated population of 4,196,457 as

of July 1, 2015,it is Canada's fourth-most populous province and the most populous of
Canada's three prairie provinces. Its area is about 660,000 square kilometres. Alberta and
its neighbour Saskatchewan were districts of the Northwest Territories until they were
established as provinces on September 1, 1905. The premier has been Rachel
Notley since May 2015. Alberta is bounded by the provinces of British Columbia to the
west and Saskatchewan to the east, theNorthwest Territories to the north, and the U.S.
state of Montana to the south.