Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Pengenalan OSI
Layer dan TCP/IP
Model
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The Elements of
Communication
Communication begins with a
message, or information, that must be
sent from one individual or device to
another using many different
communication methods.
All of these methods have 3 elements
in common:
- message source, or sender
- destination, or receiver
- a channel
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Communicating The
Messages
Data is divided into smaller parts during
transmission - Segmentation
The benefits of doing so:
- Many different conversations can be
interleaved on the network. The process used to
interleave the pieces of separate conversations
together on the network is called multiplexing.
- Increase the reliability of network
communications. The separate pieces of each
message need not travel the same pathway
across the network from source to destination
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Network Media
Communication across a network is
carried on a medium
3 types of Media:
- Metallic wires
within cables
- Glass or plastic
fibers (fiber optic
cable)
-Wireless
transmission
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Network Representations
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TCP/IP Model
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Comparison
--Both have application
layers, though they include
very different services
--Both have comparable
transport and network
(Internet) layers
--TCP/IP combines the
presentation and session
layer issues into its
application layer
--TCP/IP combines the OSI
data link and physical
layers into one layer
--TCP/IP appears simpler
because it has fewer layers
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Data Encapsulation
Build the data
Package the data
for end to end
support
(Segments)
The data is put
into a packet or
datagram that
contains a
network header
with source and
destination
logical addresses
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Data Encapsulation
Each network
device must put
the packet into a
frame.
The frame must be
converted into a
pattern of 1s and
0s (bits)
***Data
Segments
Packet Frames
Bits
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LOGO
The end
Ref: S Ward Abingdon and Witney College
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