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August 2016
World Trends and Technology for Offshore Oil and Gas Operations
Reducing project costs

Barents Sea update
MWD/LWD survey
Late life field

management
Long-distance
tiebacks
E: er
D
I ost
S
IN O p
S
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International Edition
Volume 76, Number 8
August 2016
Celebrating 60 Years of Trends, Tools, and Technology
CONTENTS
OFFSHORE ECONOMICS
Refocusing project assurance can improve cost certainty...... 30
Lower-cost offshore projects will not proceed unless a higher certainty
is provided that the lower cost will be achieved. Refocusing the project
assurance function to address critical inflection points can improve
execution efficiency, increase cost certainty, and enhance the attractiveness of investments in the next wave of offshore projects.
NORTHWEST EUROPE
Barents Sea: Norways emerging oil province .......................... 33
Over the last five years, exploration efforts have started to pay off and
when this success is converted into investments and production, the
Barents Sea will be an exciting center of activity on the Norwegian
continental shelf.
Faroe Petroleum builds Norway profile

via drillbit, acquisitions ........................................................... 34
Cost concerns have induced caution offshore Norway as elsewhere,
but wells are being drilled and a steady stream of new projects is going
forward. Much of the activity has resulted from the Energy Ministrys
conveyor belt of licensing rounds, designed to open mature and frontier
basins in order to maximize the countrys offshore resources.
OGA seeking to reverse slide

in UK offshore exploratory drilling .......................................... 38
The overarching objective of the Oil & Gas Authority is to maximize
economic recovery from the UKCS, partly through its role as a regulator. But the Authoritys aims extend to influencing wider industry
culture and behaviors, encouraging collaboration, and promoting the
UKCS as a basin still very much open for business and investment.
GEOLOGY & GEOPHYSICS

Updated processing methods, technologies
enhance vintage frontier basin data ....................................... 40
Applying modern processing techniques to data acquired decades
ago can produce stark improvements in imaging. However, these
improvements require a meticulous approach, and particular care in
understanding the seismic source signal. In the Bay of Biscay, this has
revealed new insights into the structures, plays, and the hydrocarbon
prospectivity of this basin.
56
34
DRILLING & COMPLETION
2016 MWD/LWD Services Directory ........................................ 43
Get the latest information on measurement-while-drilling (MWD) and
logging-while-drilling (LWD) tools and services.
ENGINEERING, CONSTRUCTION,
& INSTALLATION
Malikai TLP jacked to record height
during onshore mating ............................................................ 53
Prior to the departure of Sabah Shells Malikai TLP from the Malaysia
Marine Heavy Engineering yard, ALE had been responsible for the
platform assembly operation, its scope covering weighing and transporting of four unit hull blocks, living quarters and mega beams for the
Superlift activities; weighing, skidding and jacking-up of the topside;
skidding the topside at height over the hull, followed by mating of the
two structures; and load-out of the completed TLP. The most notable operation was the jacking-up of the 13,800-metric ton (15,212-ton) topside
to a height of 40 m (131 ft) the highest ever for an offshore structure
of this scale.
Flexible engineering approach

critical for subsea structure removal ..................................... 56
Decommissioning is an emerging sector with opportunities continuing
to accelerate, particularly in the North Sea. Bibby Offshore, which has
a 10-year decommissioning track record, was the first subsea vessel
contractor to join the UK association Decom North Sea.
FPSO market shows signs of resiliency ................................. 59

Due in part to its economic and operational advantages over other
FPS types, lease contract awards are expected to increase in 2016
from the prior years and be even more robust in 2017. One industry
analysis forecasts a range of 105-188 floating production systems orders
accounting for $80-157 billion in global capex between 2016 and 2020.
FPSOs are expected to make up 45% of all orders and 60% of capex.
Offshore (ISSN 0030-0608). Offshore is published 12 times a year, monthly, by PennWell Corporation, 1421 S. Sheridan, Tulsa, OK 74112. Periodicals postage paid at Tulsa, OK 74112 and at
additional mailing offices. SUBSCRIPTION PRICES: US $123.00 per year, Canada/Mexico $145.00 per year, All other countries $202.00 per year (Airmail delivery $283.00). Worldwide digital
subscriptions: $123.00 per year. POSTMASTER: Send address corrections to Offshore, P.O. Box 3264, Northbrook, IL 60065-3264. Offshore is a registered trademark. PennWell Corporation
2016. All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part without permission is prohibited. Permission, however, is granted for employees of corporations licensed under the Annual Authorization Service offered by the Copyright Clearance Center Inc. (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, Mass. 01923, or by calling CCCs Customer Relations Department at 978-750-8400 prior to
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Publications Mail Agreement no. 40612608.
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surgical precision
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International Edition
Volume 76, Number 8
August 2016
ARTICLES FOR
DISTRIBUTION
Use published editorial content to
validate your marketing initiatives.
COVER: Oil and gas development in

the Barents Sea is expected to grow
considerably over the next few years
as several fields come online and
begin to ramp up production. One of
the key projects in the area is Statoils
Johan Castberg field, which has been
shown to have two primary reservoirs,
Skrugard and Havis. Preliminary volume
estimates are in the range of 400-600
MMbbl of oil. Current plans call for a
development concept based on an
FPSO. (Illustration by Grafisk Geologi &
Print, courtesy Statoil)
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PRODUCTION OPERATIONS
Twin-platform complex to maximize Montrose Area resources...................................60
One of Britains longest-serving platforms is set for a sixth decade of service as part of Repsol
Sinopec Resources UKs Montrose Area Redevelopment. The renovated Montrose Alpha structure has also been bridge-linked to a new platform that will receive production from the Cayley
and Shaw satellite developments. The program is designed to recover an extra 100 MMboe from
the area, extending the lives of facilities that would otherwise face decommissioning.
SUBSEA
Operators advancing long-distance subsea tiebacks............................................... 62
Despite the market downturn, subsea tiebacks continue to provide one of the most economical
means of developing deepwater fields. As the industry ventures into deeper waters and harsher
climates, the number of long-distance subsea tiebacks is expected to increase.
FLOWLINES & PIPELINES

Operators planning nearly 4,000 miles of offshore pipelines through 2020 ............ 64
Operators and developers are studying, planning, and building almost 4,000 mi (6,436 km) of
oil and gas export and transmission pipelines to bring these supplies from offshore fields to
onshore markets. The total from this years offshore pipeline construction survey reflects a
dramatic 39.8% decrease from last year.
D E P A R T M E N T S
Online .................................................... 6
Comment ............................................... 8
Data ..................................................... 10
Global E&P .......................................... 12
Offshore Europe .................................. 16
Gulf of Mexico ..................................... 18
Subsea Systems ................................. 20
Vessels, Rigs, & Surface Systems ...... 22

Drilling & Production .......................... 24
Geosciences ........................................ 26
Business Briefs ................................... 68
Advertisers Index............................... 71
Beyond the Horizon ............................ 72
4 Offshore August 2016 www.offshore-mag.com
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COMMENT
David Paganie Houston
Assessing prospects
offshore Northwest Europe
Production in the UK sector of the North Sea has leveled after a 15-year slide. The
other primary offshore producing nation in the region Norway has posted production increases for the past two consecutive years (2014 and 2015). New projects under
development should help sustain this trend in both provinces for the next few years. But
the lack of exploration wells, in the UKCS in particular, is forcing regional players and
regulators to come up with new ideas to stimulate activity.
The Oil & Gas Authority (OGA) was established in 2015 with a remit, in part, to renew exploration in the UKCS, which has fallen to its lowest level since the 1970s. OGA
believes that there are under-explored areas in the region that may hold substantial
resources.
Seismic acquisition surveys were launched last year to assess the potential of these
areas. The first program focused on the Rockall Trough and Mid-North Sea High areas.
OGA intends to make these areas available in the 29th Offshore Licensing Round that
launched on July 27. Companies have until Oct. 26 to apply for blocks.
A second survey is expected to collect between 10,000 and 15,000 km (6,214-9,320 mi)
of 2D seismic data of the East Shetland Platform and South West Britain areas. Acquisition data will be released ahead of the 31st Offshore Licensing Round in 2018.
OGA also is working on a new solution to reduce well construction costs that, if adopted, could enable an estimated 40 additional new wells per year to go forward and
support the unlocking of 5 Bboe of reserves, it claims. See page 38 for more on OGAs
plans to help reverse the slide in UK offshore exploration.
Meanwhile, the authority is proceeding with a plan to increase the volume of recovery
from existing fields in the UKCS with EOR technology. In a report released last month,
OGA outlined a plan to facilitate the sanctioning of EOR projects to deliver up to 250
MMboe of additional reserves by 2021. The program aims to advance the economic
feasibility of deploying chemical EOR (polymer and surfactant); low-salinity water flooding; and miscible gas injection (hydrocarbon or CO2) in the UKCS. OGA believes that
polymer EOR presents the greatest opportunity.
Currently, there are five field developments in the UKCS that include plans to deploy
EOR, but only one, the Magnus hydrocarbon miscible gas injection project, is operational.
Another example of late-life field extension in the UKCS is Repsol Sinopec Resources
UKs Montrose Area Redevelopment. The renovation program calls for the extension
of one of Britains longest serving platforms for a sixth decade of service. The program
is designed to recover an extra 100 MMboe from the area, extending the lives of facilities that would otherwise face decommissioning, writes Jeremy Beckman, Offshore
Editor-Europe. See Beckmans full report beginning on page 60.
Offshore Norway, drilling continues at a healthy pace and projects are moving ahead.
One of the most active participants in recent years has been Faroe Petroleum. The operator has gained interests in 35 Norwegian licenses and recently discovered Brasse
offshore Norway, the largest new oil find this year as of press time. Jeremy Beckman
spoke with Faroe Petroelum COO Helge Hammer to learn more about the companys
strategic objectives. Beckmans interview begins on page 34.
In the Norwegian sector of the Barents Sea, recent exploration success is expected to
lead to a new investment cycle, Rystad Energy predicts. With production ramping up at
Goliat and future startups at Castberg, Wisting, and Alta/Gohta, the Barents Sea could
contribute up to 15% of the total Norwegian production by the end of the next decade.
Rystad Energys Barents Sea outlook begins on page 33.
VISIT WWW.PENNWELLBOOKS.COM
OR CALL 800-752-9764!
FIND US:
To respond to articles in Offshore, or to offer articles for publication,

contact the editor by email (davidp@pennwell.com).
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Our strongest asset

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G L O B A L D ATA
400
Norway
United Kingdom
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
20112015
20162020
20212025
20262030
20312035
20362040
Source: Rystad Energy
Worldwide offshore rig count & utilization rate

(July 2014 June 2016)
Total util %
Total supply
Total contracted
Working
1,000
100
900
90
800
80
700
70
600
60
500
50
400
40
300
ly
Ju
14
Se
14
pt
v
No
Source: IHS RigPoint
14
15
15
15
15 t 15
15
16
16
16
n
ay July ep Nov Jan
ay
ch
ch
r
r
Ja
M
M
a
a
S
M
M
Fleet utilization rate %
The process of removing platforms, pipelines, subsea equipment and P&Aing wells
is becoming increasingly important, marking
the beginning of a new phase for North Sea
operators and service companies. This work
will be costly for the operators, but for the
service companies it is a huge opportunity.
The North Sea came into prominence as a
major oil region in the 1970s, with developments such as Statfjord, Forties, Ekofisk,
and Brent. These fields have proven their
stamina, producing oil and gas for some 40
years. With the planned decommissioning of
the Brent structures, we are no longer just
building the North Sea oil industry, but also
removing old structures and restoring the
seabed. The Brent structures are not the first
decommissions in the North Sea, but they
are important in that it marks the start of this
new phase.
The North Sea is also special in that
the structures are enormous; the Brent
D topsides, for example, weighs 24,000
metric tons (26,455 tons). What was a huge
engineering accomplishment when built is
requiring a similar effort when it is time to
remove it. Service companies have seen the
opportunity; the Pioneering Spirit is expected to commence operations this summer,
removing the Brent D topsides. This is the
first vessel capable of performing single-lifts
of these massive topsides, and will solve an
important problem for many operators.
The number of wells to be plugged and
abandoned is a key driver of decommissioning cost and effort. In the UK, about 65
P&As per year were performed between
2011 and 2015. This number is expected to
grow to about 220 P&As per year in the
mid-2020s as fields are being shut down
fully or in part. On the Norwegian side, activity is expected to stay largely flat at about
50 P&As per year over the next decade,
with an increase up to about 140 P&As per
year in in the mid-2030s.
The P&A operation is a major headache
for the operator; not only is it a large part
of the total decommissioning cost, at
around one-third of the total, but it is also
highly uncertain one. A P&A operation can
take anywhere from 10 to 100 days, with
very little visibility for the operator ahead
of actually getting downhole. Oil service
companies are developing new technology
to simplify and reduce the cost of P&A.
The opportunity for operators and
service companies lies in the large cost
savings that can be made. Actually realizing
the potential of these new technologies is
something that requires an industry-wide
effort. This should serve encouragement
for all stakeholders to fund, develop, and
qualify technologies, as they stand to benefit greatly in future.
Tim Bjerkelund, Rystad Energy
Yearly average number of P&As per five-year period
No. of rigs
An opportunity
at the end of the road >>>
30
Notes: Rig types included are jackups, semis, and drillships.
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Jeremy Beckman London
North America
Shell secured permission last month to restart operations on its deepwater Cheshire
L-97 well off Nova Scotia. Drilling had to be
halted in March after a riser fell to the seafloor from the drillship Stena IceMAX during
heavy weather. In its review of the incident,
the Canada-Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Board identified issues with the riser
tensioner arrangement. As a result, Shell
is obliged to lower its well disconnect level
based on vessel heave in similar conditions
from 8 m to 5 m (26 ft to 16 ft).
PEMEX has awarded McDermott International a $454-million EPCI contract to

build and subsequently install the AbkatunA2 platform in the Bay of Campeche in 124
ft (38 m) of water. The structure will expand
the capabilities provided by the existing KuMaloob-Zaap, Cantarell, and Ayatsil complexes. McDermott will construct the platform at its yard in Altamira, and will likely
employ the Intermac 60 for the floatover
installation. Offshore activities should be
completed by 4Q 2018.
South America
ExxonMobil is encouraged by the results from its Liza-2 appraisal well in 5,551
ft (1,692 m) of water in the Stabroek block,
120 mi (193 km) offshore Guyana. A production test confirmed the same high-quality oil
and permeable Upper Cretaceous sandstone
reservoirs as in the discovery well. Recoverable resources appear to be in the range of
800 MM-1.4 Bboe.
Petrobras says its sixth appraisal well on

the giant deepwater Libra oil field in the
presalt Santos basin off Brazil delivered the
thickest oil column to date of 410 m (1,345
ft), eclipsing the 301 m (987 ft) intersected
during drilling earlier this year. The latest
well 3-RJS-742-A was in the northwest
part of the block, 180 km (112 mi) from the
Rio de Janeiro coast, and 10.3 km (6.4 mi)
south of the original discovery.
The newly integrated FPSO Cidade de
Caraguataba MV27 has departed the BrasFELS shipyard for installation at Petrobras
Lapa (ex-Carioca) oil field in the Santos
basin. This was the fourth floater supplied
by MODEC to undergo completion works
at the yard since 2012 the facility has oil
and gas processing capacity of respectively
100,000 b/d and 177 MMcf/d, and can store
up to 1.6 MMbbl. The next MODEC-supplied floater, Cidade de Campos dos Goytacazes MV29, should reach the yard from the
Far East early next year.
Wood Group Mustang is performing detailed engineering and design for a third wellhead platform, to be built by Kiewit Offshore
The FPSO Cidade de Caraguataba on its way to the Lapa oil field. (Photo courtesy Keppel FELS)
Services, for Statoils Peregrino heavy-oil

field in the Campos basin. Mustang completed front-end engineering and design (FEED)
for the structure last year, and previously designed wellhead platforms A and B.
Uruguays government has authorized a

one-year extension for offshore block 15 to
allow Tullow and new partner Statoil to acquire 2,500 sq km (965 sq mi) of 3D seismic
later this year. Tullow aims to build on the
more promising leads from its 2013 3D survey, particularly in the Pelotas basin in the
northeast area of the block.
Sea Trucks will start offshore construction during 4Q for Enap Sipetrol Argentinas
PIAM project on the Magellanes field off
Argentina. The Jascon 34 will install three
pipelines in diameters of 6- to 14-in., the
program including one shore approach and
riser tie-ins.
West Africa
Moroccos government has granted Chariot Oil & Gas a 75% operated interest in two
near-shore concessions in water depths below 500 m (1,640 ft). The acreage contains
proven and potential play systems, with oilprospective structures at Jurassic, Lower
Cretaceous, and Eo-Oligocene levels. Eni
recently farmed into Chariots adjacent Rabat Deep license where it is likely to drill the
JP-1 prospect next year.
Premier Oil has sold interests ranging

from 50-100% in five offshore licenses in the
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR),
otherwise known as Western Sahara. The
buyer is Maghreb Exploration, which plans
to transfer these and its existing SADR interests to its subsidiary Vermeer Explora-
tion. Political issues have prevented serious

exploration on the concessions to date, although interest has revived following Kosmos giant deepwater finds off Mauritania
and Senegal to the south.
Tullow has brought in a dynamically positioned shuttle tanker to offload oil from
the FPSO Kwame Nkruma serving the Jubilee field offshore Ghana. Problems with
the floaters turret bearing led production
to be suspended for several weeks in AprilMay. Tullow anticipates average production
via the new measures to be 85,000 b/d over
the next few months, well below the vessels
capacity. Longer term, the partners are considering converting it to a spread-moored
facility with a new deepwater loading buoy,
measures that could cost up to $150 million.
Ghanas Petroleum Ministry is open to
talks on amending coordinates of the offshore Tano basin block to take in deeper
water acreage from an adjoining block, containing the deepwater Cape Three Points
discovery. Operator Lukoil is thought to be
looking to relinquish the concession.
Sonangol has reportedly discovered 813

MMboe in block 20/11 in Angolas offshore
Kwanza basin, comprising 313 MMbbl of
condensate and 2.8 tcf of gas.
Mediterranean Sea
Montenegros Economy Ministry has

awarded Greek E&P company Energean
interests in two offshore blocks under a
joint operating agreement. Blocks 4219-26
and 4218-30 are in a little-explored area that
Energeans analysis suggests has all components in place for generating hydrocarbons.
Offshore Croatia to the north has producing
gas fields.
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GLOBAL E&P
Expressions of interest in a third licensing round offshore Cyprus

were due to be submitted by July 22. Three deepwater blocks are
said to be on offer close to Enis 30-tcf Zohr gas project across the
median line in Egyptian waters. The Cypriot administration is looking to prove more gas to justify construction of an onshore terminal
serving countries in the region.
Petrobel, Enis joint venture with EGPC that operates Zohr, has
commissioned Saipem to lay a 26-in. gas export trunkline from the
field and to engineer/install the six development wells and subsea
umbilical system.
BP/EGAS have approved development of the Atoll Phase One

gas-condensate project in the North Damietta Offshore concession
in the East Nile Delta. They plan an early production scheme that
will feature three wells, one a recompletion of an existing well: Enscos deepwater drillship DS-6 was due to begin the 24-month campaign this month. Up to 300 MMcf/d of gas will head via subsea
facilities to the onshore West Harbour complex for processing and
onward distribution through Egypts gas network.
Wood Group Mustang has an agreement for a $120-million FEED

contract for the platform that will receive gas from the deepwater 22-tcf
Leviathan field offshore Israel. Operator Noble Energy and its partners
also plan to add a further subsea well at the Tamar field, at an estimated cost of $228 million. Tamar-8, in 1,670 m (5,479 ft) of water, should
spud during 4Q and take around four months to drill and connect to the
existing subsea production system. The extra producer will improve
redundancy and help the partners meet demands during peak periods.
Last month Noble agreed to sell 3% of its interest in Tamar to

Israeli private equity fund Harel and is obligated to sell a further 8%,
under Israels newly approved Natural Gas Regulatory Framework.
Middle East
Penspen/Dar Al Handasah are jointly managing engineering and construction of a new gas and condensate pipeline commissioned by Kuwait
Gulf Oil Co. (KGOC). This will extend offshore and onshore from Khafji
in Saudi Arabia to Mina Al Ahmadi in Kuwait. KGOC represents the State
of Kuwait in the countrys divided zone with Saudi Arabia.
Qatar Petroleum will have a 70% interest in a new operating company for the offshore Al-Shaheen oil field, in partnership with Total.
The agreement takes effect next July and will last for 25 years. Al Shaheen, 80 km (49.7 mi) north of Ras Laffan, produces 300,000 b/d from
30 platforms and 300 wells. Maersk Oil, which has overseen development since 1992, declined the offer to take a minority stake in the new
partnership.
India
Reliance Industries reportedly has approval from Indias government to drill eight exploration wells in block DY-III-D5 off the southern state of Tamil Nadu. To date Reliance has discovered hydrocarbons from three wells on the block, awarded under Indias NELP-III
licensing arrangement.
Asia/Pacific
Gazprom aims to double the number of subsea production wells

at the Kirinskoye field offshore Sakahlin Island to four later this year
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GLOBAL E&P
and bring a further three online by 2019, lifting the fields annual
gas production to 5.5 bcm. The development, which was Russias
first subsea production scheme, is part of the Sakhalin III project.
Gazprom adds that it has completed its geological assessment of the
undeveloped Yuzhno-Kirinskoye field in the same concession.
SapuraKencana Energy (SKE) Sarawak has signed an upstream

gas sales agreement for its B15 gas field offshore East Malaysia with
Petronas, which is also a partner in the 2010 discovery. SKE plan
to install a central processing platform exporting production to the
LNG complex in Bintulu, Sarawak, via a 35-km (21.7-mi) pipeline.
Brunei Shell Petroleum has contracted McDermott International

to transport and install pipelines and umbilicals for the Ampa and
Fairley fields offshore Brunei during 2017. The DB 30 derrick barge
will perform pipelay McDermotts work scope includes associated
beach and pipeline crossings.
BP Berau will commission two new platforms and 13 new production wells to supply gas for the Tangguh Expansion project in
Indonesias Papua Barat province.
The partners have approved construction of a third LNG process
train, lifting capacity at the onshore complex to 11.4 MM tons/yr. Indonesian utility PT. PLN (Persero) and Japans Kansai Electric Power Co. have contracted the Train 3 gas the new facilities should
start operating in 2020.
Chinese contractor Hilong Petroleum Offshore Engineering will
start installing jackets this November for CNOOC/Husky Energys
Madura MDH-MBG gas field development offshore Java, using the
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The jackup Raniworo has completed an extensive appraisal drilling program for Santos for the proposed Ande Ande Lumut oil
project in the Natuna Sea off Indonesia. Failure of a downhole mechanical sand screen prevented completion of a DST on the K sand
reservoir, but the partners will make do with all the obtained data for
the development planning. Recoverable resources from the G and K
sand reservoirs are estimated at 137 MMbbl of heavy oil.
Australia
Woodside Energy and Mitsui E&P have committed to the $1.9-billion Greater Enfield development offshore Western Australia. This
will target 69 MMboe from the Laverda Canyon, Norton over Laverda, and Cimatti oil fields, 60 km (37 mi) offshore Exmouth. These
will be developed via six subsea production wells and six water injectors tied back 31 km (19 mi) to the FPSO Ngujima-Yin on the
producing Vincent field. Subsea multi-phase booster pumps will be
installed in the Laverda area and gas lift in the Cimatti area.
Aibel in Thailand and Keppel Shipyard in Singapore will perform
modifications to the vessels hull and topsides, the scope including
new water flood and power/control modules and turret risers; modifications to the swivel system; and life extension works on the hull.
All work should be completed in early 2019.
Triangle Energy (Global) has acquired a 57.5% interest from AWE

in the Cliff Head oil field in the WA-31-L permit in the Perth basin
off Western Australia. ROC Oil operates the declining field, which
currently produces 1,300 b/d.
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OFFSHORE EUROPE
Jeremy Beckman London
OGA tackles UK decommissioning needs
Decommissioning costs on the UK continental shelf (UKCS) between now and 2050 could reach 47 billion ($62.4 billion), according to analysis commissioned by the Oil & Gas Authority (OGA)
and the Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC). The
uncertainty range for this figure is +/-40%: OGA is targeting a cost
reduction of at least below the mid-point under its newly unveiled
Decommissioning Strategy.
The sector is relatively immature on the UKCS, the authority
points out, but also presents opportunities for innovation. More than
250 fixed installations, 250 subsea productions systems, 3,000 pipelines, and around 5,000 wells in UK waters will eventually have to be
shut down or removed, and the infrastructure is highly integrated,
with many installations dependent on each other to sustain production and export to the shore. The complexity means that decommissioning planning will have to be performed at a regional and area
level rather than for individual assets alone.
OGA has identified a need for short-, medium-, and long-term improvements in the execution of decommissioning and related cost
efficiencies. Its strategy/delivery program will focus on influencing
and promoting new removal methods not just through increased
collaboration, but also more transformative solutions that address
constraints, liabilities, and risks.
At current oil prices many UK offshore operators are looking at
bringing forward Cessation of Production (CoP) dates, OGA says,
but at the same time are anxious to delay decommissioning expenditure where possible as this prevents them from allocating scarce
capital to value-generating activities. Decommissioning liabilities
can also impact the transfer of some of these assets to smaller operators, leading to a premature CoP.
High costs in this sector are due to numerous factors such as the
decommissioning industrys relative immaturity and a lack of direct
experience among operators and the supply chain. OGA therefore
plans to ensure the industry has access to sound and transparent data
concerning cost estimates, execution methodologies, and best practices. In this regard it will seek to encourage dialogue and experiencesharing with other relevant industries such as the salvage sector.
Another goal is to capture and share data on supply chain expertise and competencies across the industry, facilitating a transparent,
predictable, and sustainable UK decommissioning market that may
stimulate investment. Deliverables will include tools to help the industry implement cost-effective risk allocation, contractual and commercial positions in order to drive down costs. OGA will also work
with DECC to encourage operators to communicate to operators the
importance of early engagement with those regulating decommissioning to ensure the new guidance is understood and that experience from other operators is passed on.
North Sea Rutil on faster track
Statoil is close to starting up subsea facilities at the 80-MMboe Rutil

gas/condensate field in the Gullfaks Rimfaks valley in the Tampen
area of the North Sea. The development features a four-slot, standardized subsea template with an initial two gas production wells, with the
wellstream sent to the Gullfaks A platform for processing via a connection to an existing pipeline. In addition, the company plans to drill
two more wells from an existing subsea template to import more injection gas via a new pipeline connected to an injection system already
in place in this area. Statoil had originally expected to start production
fro Rutil early next year, and according to the Norwegian Petroleum
Directorate (NPD), the final development cost will likely be $457 million, around $127 million below the original estimate.
NPD has also sanctioned BPs request to extend use of the production facilities at the Tambar oil field in the southern Norwegian
North Sea to early 2022. Tambar, 16 km (9.9 mi) southeast of the
How production from Rutil will tie into the Gullfaks area.
(Illustration courtesy Statoil)
Ula field, produces through a remotely controlled wellhead platform

without process equipment, and operates under depressurization.
The oil is exported by pipeline to the Teesside terminal on the
northeast English coast.
Transocean sets horizontal

course for Wisting well
OMV has completed drilling and testing of its Wisting Central II

appraisal well on Norways most northerly oil discovery to date, 310
km (192 mi) north of Hammerfest in license PL537 in a water depth
of 302 m (991 ft). This was also the first horizontal appraisal well in
the Norwegian Barents Sea, and the shallowest horizontal offshore
well ever drilled from a floating drilling rig (the Transocean Spitsbergen), the operator claimed, with the targeted reservoir 250 m (829
ft) below the seabed.
Drilling started vertically with the well the steered to a horizontal
orientation within a 250-m vertical depth interval, and subsequently landed horizontally with a 12-in. hole size. The total length of
the well was 2,354 m (7,723 ft), with a horizontal section of 1,452 m
(4,764 ft). Aside from assessing reserves in Wisting Centrals South
and Central West segments, OMV wanted to determine the feasibility of long-reach horizontal development wells through the shallow
reservoir. Results have reduced uncertainties associated with the
technique, as well as raising the fields estimated reserves.
West of Shetland in UK waters, the same rig has started a pilot
well on Hurricane Energys fractured basement Lancaster oil field
on the P1638 Central license. This is the first of two wells designed
to improve definition of the fields resource range. Goals include
assessing potential upside in the overlying Victory sandstone. The
second well, which will assess the potential for other parts of the
reservoir to deliver commercial flow rates, will be recompleted as a
producer, assuming Hurricane can attract partners to co-fund what
would be its first UK offshore development project.
Elsewhere in the UK sector, EnQuest has proven small but commercial volumes of oil with a well on the Eagle prospect in the central North Sea, which it will look to tieback through existing infrastructure to the Kittiwake platform, having earlier completed wells
tying back the Scolty and Crathes fields to the same facility. However, a report by Britains Daily Telegraph suggested the OGA may
need to step in support EnQuest, which the newspaper claimed has
financial problems. Aside from the Greater Kittiwake Area, EnQuest
operates Kraken, one of the UKs major new oil field development
projects, along with various other producing fields in the central and
northern North Sea.
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Bruce Beaubouef Houston
GULF OF MEXICO
Shell announces
more job cuts
In July, Shell announced plans to cut, consolidate, or relocate more than 150offshore
jobs in the Gulf of Mexico as part of an effort
to shave 2,200 positions across its global operations this year, according to a report in the
New Orleans Times-Picayune. The restructure offshore follows job cuts at the companys New Orleans office amid weak oil prices.
According to the report, Shell decided to
move forward with structural changes and
personnel reductions after reviewing its
deepwater Gulf of Mexico operations. Shell
informed employees of its decision on July 20.
The company will reduce its Gulf of Mexico
workforce about 770 positions total by 25
percent by the end of the year. This equates to
about 192 positions.
The layoffs will start hitting the New Orleans office as Royal Dutch Shell moves forward with plans to eliminate 6,500 jobs worldwide. The cuts come as Shell seeks to reduce
costs amid lower oil and gas prices.
Shell isnot sharing specific numbers on how
many jobs will be eliminated at this time. Some
jobs could be relocated elsewhere in the company. The statement sent to the Times-Picayune
said that the changes are necessary in order to
remain competitive and better position Shells
Gulf of Mexico projects for future growth.
Royal Dutch Shell announced in May it would
cut another 2,200 jobs from its global workforce,
bringing its total targeted layoffs to 12,500 by the
end of this year. The layoffs come as Shell and
others in the industry cut deeper in the face of
weak oil prices.
Up until now, Shell has provided few details abouthow offshore workers in the Gulf
of Mexico wouldbe affected by the cuts.
Shell confirmed last August it had started
to cut office positions at One Shell Square in
downtown New Orleans, which houses offshore engineering and operations teams as
well as control centers that use technology
to monitor offshore oil platforms remotely.
Workers familiar with the cuts said the company was targeting a 30% staff reduction.
Noble Energy
starts up Gunflint
Noble Energy, Inc.s Gunflint oil development in the deepwater Gulf of Mexico has
entered production. The two-well field is
ramping up and is anticipated to reach a minimum gross production of 20,000 boe/d, with
oil representing approximately 75% of the volumes produced.
The net amount to Noble Energy is expected to be at least 5,000 boe/d, with potential
for additional volumes dependent upon available capacity at the third-party host facility.
The Gunflint development, located at Mississippi Canyon block 948, is a 23-mi (37-km)
The Gunflint oil field was developed

as a long-distance subsea tieback
to the Gulfstar One FPS in the
deepwater Gulf of Mexico.
(Photo courtesy Williams Partners)
subsea tieback to the Gulfstar One facility

owned by Williams Partners L.P. and Marubeni Corp.
EMAS CHIYODA Subsea, known then as
EMAS AMC, was contracted by the operator
in 2014 for the engineering, procurement,
construction, and installation of Gunflints
tieback, as well as those for the Big Bend and
Dantzler developments.
Hodge Walker, Noble Energys Vice President, Gulf of Mexico and West Africa, stated:
The Gunflint project marks our fourth successful offshore major project completed
within the past nine months, including the
start-up of Big Bend and Dantzler in the Gulf
of Mexico as well as the non-operated Alba B3
compression platform in Equatorial Guinea.
Walker also noted that our drilling and
completions teams delivered impressive technical accomplishments on the Gunflint development, including several innovative first time
techniques for the industry. The coordination
of simultaneous operations, including topside
modifications at the floating production system and subsea well activities, is an accomplishment for all involved. The project was
completed on time and under budget and will
provide significant impact to Noble Energy as
we progress through the rest of the year and
into 2017.
Noble Energy operates the Gunflint field
with a 31.14% working interest.Other working
interest owners include Ecopetrol America
Inc. (31.50%), Samson Offshore Mapleleaf LLC
(19.13%), and Marathon Oil Corp. (18.23%).
Upcoming lease
sale to go online
The US Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) will offer 23.8 million acres
offshore Texas for oil and gas exploration and
development. Describing it in a statement

as a milestone lease sale, it will include all
available unleased areas in the Western Gulf
of Mexico Planning Area.
BOEM Director Abigail Ross Hopper said:
The Gulf of Mexico continues to be one of
the most productive basins in the world and
is an important part of our nations domestic energy portfolio. This lease sale follows
extensive environmental analysis and stakeholder engagement.
The Western Gulf of Mexico Lease Sale
248, to be held on Aug. 24, in New Orleans, will
be the first federal offshore oil and gas auction
broadcast live on the Internet, the bureau said.
The live bid event will be held at the MercedesBenz Superdome and will be available through
streaming on the BOEMs website.
Sale 248 will be the eleventh offshore sale
in the Gulf of Mexico and the final sale for the
Western Planning Area, under the current administrations Outer Continental Shelf Oil and
Gas Leasing Program for 2012-2017 (Five-Year
Program). This sale builds on the first 10 sales
in the current Five-Year Program, which offered
more than 60 million acres and netted nearly $3
billion for American taxpayers, bureau said.
The auction will include approximately 4,399
blocks, located from 9 to 250 nautical miles offshore, in water depths ranging from 16 to more
than 10,975 ft (5 to 3,340 m) As a result of offering this area for lease, BOEM estimates a range
of economically recoverable hydrocarbons
to be discovered and produced of 116 to 200
MMbbl of oil and 538 to 938 bcf of natural gas.
Leases issued from this sale will also be the
first for which BOEM will accept requests for
extended initial periods, and confirm whether the lessee has earned such extension, a
duty previously performed by the Bureau of
Safety and Environmental Enforcement.
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SUBSEA SYSTEMS
Sarah Parker Musarra Houston
Aramco selects EMAS CHIYODA

Subsea-LTHE consortium
Saudi Aramco has awarded the EMAS CHIYODA Subsea and
Larsen & Toubro Hydrocarbon Engineering (LTHE) consortium a
$1.6-billion EPCI contract for the second phase of the Hasbah gas
field in the Arabian Gulf.
The consortium will be involved in the construction of two streams
of three wellhead platform topsides, one tie-in platform with flare
platforms and bridges tied together by 20 km (12 mi) umbilicals and
25 km (16 mi) of in-field pipelines. Other works include interconnections of two 36-in. trunklines to transport produced gas from offshore
to the Fadhili gas plant, complete with 110 km (68.4 mi) of fiber optic
and power cables for power and communication network with the
onshore facilities.
The installation of onshore facilities such as a beach valve station, a
sectionalizing valve station and four scraper traps will also be executed as part of the contract. The onshore engineering and fabrication
component of the project has commenced and the offshore execution
phase is expected to begin in 4Q 2017.
OneSubsea SpoolTree horizontal subsea tree systems are available for

10,000-psi shallow-water environments and 10,000-psi and 15,000-psi
deepwater environments. (Image courtesy Schlumberger)
OneSubsea expands order book

Dril-Quip secures Indonesian job
Dril-Quip Asia Pacific and its local representative have won a
$40-million contract to supply subsea drilling and production equipment and related services for the development of the Terang/Sirasun/Batur gas fields offshore Indonesia. Kangean Energy Indonesia,
working on behalf of SKK Migas, issued the contract. Dril-Quip will
provide subsea wellhead systems, subsea tree systems, subsea control systems, and other equipment.
Heerema contracts Oceaneering

Oceaneering International has entered into a master service agreement with Heerema Marine Contractors (HMC). Between now and
December 2020, Oceaneering will provide up to 10 ROVs with associated subsea tooling, engineering, and technicians to support HMCs
fixed and floating platform installations, platform decommissioning,
subsea infrastructure, and pipeline installations.
The ROVs will be installed onboard HMCs deepwater construction vessels Aegir, Thialf, and Balder; the semisubmersible crane
vessels Hermod and Sleipnir; and other support vessels.
HIPPS delivered to Lakach

Frames and partner Mokveld have completed two high integrity
pressure protection systems (HIPPS) for PEMEXs Lakach field gas
collection station. This is said to be one of the first-ever certified HIPPS
in the offshore Mexico sector. Arendal, which is responsible for constructing the gas gathering plant for the deepwater Lakach field, assigned the contract to Frames. The HIPPS will protect the gas collection station against high pressure in the event of a pressure control
valve failure.
Apache chooses Wood Group

Apache has awarded Wood Group a master service agreement
(MSA) contract in the North Sea.
The contractor will continue to provide subsea engineering and
consultancy services supporting Apaches routine operation and
maintenance works, as well as detailed engineering for future subsea developments in the Forties and Beryl areas, the offshore Scottish Area Gas Evacuation (SAGE) pipeline and the onshore SAGE
facility at St, Fergus, eastern Scotland.
The contract carries two one-year extension options.
Wood Group has held this service agreement with Apache since
2012 and has worked on projects such as the Forties Subsea Isolation Valves program, the Aviat development, and most recently the
Ness Nevis development.
OneSubsea was recently awarded two sizeable contracts.

The Schlumberger company first announced an engineering,
procurement, and construction contract totaling more than $170
million from Belayim Petroleum Co. (Petrobel). to supply the
subsea production systems for the first stage of the Zohr gas
field in the Shorouk concession offshore Egypt.
The scope of the Zohr contract includes six horizontal SpoolTree subsea trees, intervention and workover control systems,
landing string, tie-in, high-integrity pressure protection system,
topsides and subsea controls and distribution, water detection
and salinity monitoring provided by the AquaWatcher water
analysis sensor and installation and commissioning services.
The FasTrac program comprises a strategic inventory capability with the flexibility to configure the system to the customer
needs and deliver on a fast turnaround.
This award follows an accelerated front-end engineering
and design study by OneSubsea in which a multidisciplinary
team collaborated with Eni and Petrobel to develop the subsea
equipment architecture and control system to validate handling
of high gas volumes, considering reservoir characteristics and
subsea equipment specifications.
Mike Garding, president of OneSubsea, said: Zohr is one of
the largest gas fields discovered in the Mediterranean Sea to date,
and is also the worlds second-longest step-out, a distance greater
than 150 km (93 mi). This step-out will be enabled by OneSubsea
controls systems with fiber-optic communications technology.
Weeks later, Woodside Energy Ltd. granted OneSubsea an
engineering, procurement, and construction contract totaling
around $300 million to supply a subsea production system
and a dual multi-phase boosting system for the Greater Enfield
project offshore northwest Australia.
The Greater Enfield contract includes six horizontal SpoolTree subsea trees, six horizontal trees for the water injection
system, six multi-phase meters, a high-boost dual pump station
with high-voltage motors, umbilical, topsides, subsea controls
and distribution, intervention and workover control systems,
landing string, and installation and commissioning services.
Woodside Energy and Mitsui E&P Australia sanctioned the
Greater Enfield development in June. The $1.9-billion project
is targeting 69 MMboe from the Laverda Canyon, Norton over
Laverda, and Cimatti oil accumulations, 60 km (37 mi) offshore
Exmouth. First oil is planned for mid-2019.
The development is planned to have six subsea production
wells and six water injection wells. Production will be supported
by subsea multiphase booster pumps in the Laverda area and gas
lift in the Cimatti area. All will be produced via a 31-km (19-mi) subsea tieback to the FPSO Ngujima-Yin serving the Vincent oil field.
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8/2/16 10:46 AM
VESSELS, RIGS, & SURFACE SYSTEMS
Petrobras starts up FPSO

Cidade de Saquarema
Petrobras has started operations at the FPSO Cidade de Saquarema on the Lula field (Lula Central area) in the presalt layer of the
Santos basin offshore Brazil. The facility, the tenth major final production system operating in the presalt, is moored about 300 km
(186 mi) offshore in a water depth of 2,120 m (6,955 ft). It has a
processing capacity of up to 150,000 b/d of oil and 6 MMcm/d (212
MMcf/d) of gas.
The Lula Central project includes 18 wells, nine producing, four
water or gas injectors, and five water injectors.
The FPSO will operate under a 20-year charter with Tupi BV as
well as an operations contract with the BM-S-11 consortium that
consist of Petrobras (65%), BG E&P Brasil Ltda - a Royal Dutch Shell
subsidiary (25%), and Petrogal Brasil S.A. (10%).
The FPSO Cidade de Saquarema is owned and operated by a joint
venture owned by affiliated companies of SBM Offshore, Mitsubishi
Corp., Nippon Yusen Kabushiki Kaisha, and Queiroz Galvo leo e
Gs S.A.
JIP issues recommended practices

to standardize offshore installations
The first phase of a DNV GL-led joint industry project (JIP) to promote a global standard for engineering and construction of offshore oil
and gas installations has delivered four recommended practices (RPs).
The outcome of the JIP is expected to be reduced complexity, less rework and delays, and greater predictability. This will help reduce cost
and increase quality further, enabling more projects to move forward.
Phase 1 participants included DNV GL, Hyundai Heavy Industries
(HHI), Daewoo Shipbuilding and Marine Engineering Co., Samsung
Heavy Industries, the Korea Offshore and Shipbuilding Association,
and the Korea Marine Equipment Research Institute.
The RPs provide guidance for meeting requirements in multiple recognized standards applied globally and also provide guidance and propose new standards in areas where no standards exist. They aim to reduce variations and unique requirements for every project and thereby to
reduce the general cost level and delays in offshore oil and gas projects.
The RPs are:
DNVGL-RP-E401 Recommendation for selecting standards for
piping components
electrical and instrumentation components
DNVGL-RP-B201 Recommendation for selecting standards for
structural steel materials
steel bulk items.
Hans Petter Ellingsen, Group leader for offshore risk advisory, Korea, DNV GL - Oil & Gas, said: The RPs are the first in a series to
reduce cost and increase predictability without compromising quality
and safety in international offshore development projects. DNV GL is
working closely with oil companies, engineering houses and fabricators to develop the submitted RPs further for global application.
Kil Seon Choi, chairman and CEO of HHI, said: South Korean
shipyards are market leaders for construction of floating and fixed
offshore oil and gas installations and HHI has been on the forefront
to drive initiatives to reduce the general cost level for the oil and
gas industry. A major part of these efforts is to drive efficiencies
through greater standardization.
Standardization will provide an opportunity to enhance efficiency
and competitiveness of whole value chains in the oil and gas industry
and induce environmental improvement by minimizing the surplus
resources. These RPs are a very positive and radical step forward
which will help to reduce inefficiencies in design and construction as
Jessica Tippee Houston
The FPSO Cidade de Saquarema brings

SBM Offshores Brazilian fleet total to seven
FPSOs, with a total capacity of 870,000 b/d
of oil. (Photo courtesy Petrobras)
well as to increase predictability and quality even further.

The second phase of the JIP is under way and will deliver extended recommended practices for equipment packages, documentation
requirements, and procedures.
ZOMC launches semisubmersible

transportation vessel
ZPMC-OTL Marine Contractor Ltd. (ZOMC) says the Zhen Hua 33,
a self-propelled semisubmersible transportation and float-over installation vessel, was recently launched at ZPMCs Nantong fabrication facility. With a free deck area of 185 x 43 m (607 x 141 ft), the Zhen Hua 33 is
the longest vessel in its class, ZOMC says, and is constructed with a reinforced stern. It is also equipped to submerge 13.5 m (44.3 ft) for loading and discharge of deeper draft drilling rigs and floating production
facilities. A Kongsberg DP-II system is fully integrated with two tunnel
thrusters at the bow and three fully-revolving main azimuth thrusters at
the stern. It is currently on schedule to be delivered in 4Q 2016.
ZOMC is a strategic joint venture between ZPMC Offshore Services Group and OffshoreTech LLC.
Keppel AmFELS delivers fifth

jackup rig to Perforadora Central
Keppel AmFELS LLC has delivered Uxpanapa, a KFELS B Class jackup rig, to Mexicos Central Panuco S.A. De C.V. (Central Panuco), a subsidiary of Perforadora Central S.V. De C.V., on time and within budget.
Uxpanapa is the fifth jackup rig built by Keppel AmFELS for Perforadora Central and the second based on Keppels proprietary KFELS B Class
design. The rig will be chartered by PEMEX for work offshore Mexico.
Keppel AmFELS previously completed Tonala, an ultra-premium
KFELS B Class jackup, for Perforadora Central in 2004, followed by three
LeTourneau S116E rigs Tuxpan in 2010, Papaloapan in 2013, and Coatzacoalcos in 2014.
BigLift to expand heavy-lift vessel fleet

BigLift Shipping has ordered a third Happy S-type vessel, which is
expected to be named Happy Sun. The newbuild vessel will be built
by Ouhua Shipbuilding in Zhoushan, China, and will be identical to
BigLifts Happy Star heavy-lift vessel. Delivery is expected in 1Q 2018.
Happy Sun will be 156-m (512-ft) long, with a 29-m (95-ft) deck, and
18,374 metric ton deadweight. It will feature two 900-metric ton (992ton) Huisman heavy-lift mast cranes and will be fitted with pontoon
type hatch covers and a large poop deck which will make its full deck
area available for cargo stowage.
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INFRASTRUCTURE
MINING & METALS
NUCLEAR, SECURITY & ENVIRONMENTAL
OIL, GAS & CHEMICALS
Courtesy: Hegh
Delivering Nearshore
and Open Water
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Since 2003, Bechtel has progressed in the FLNG market with feasibility
studies, concept select studies, pre-FEEDs, and FEEDs for several
FLNG developments.
These developments have included nearshore and open water
configurations both permanently moored and disconnectable
receiving either pipeline or reservoir specification feed gas.
Courtesy: Delfin LNG
Our innovative approach to designing and building fit-for-purpose

FLNG facilities incorporates, proprietary process and construction
technologies, strategic vendor and subcontractor relationships, and
flexibility of a lease partner.
Plus, Bechtels experience, capability, and credibility as one of the
worlds top contractors enable us to offer a full EPC wrap (on most
projects process and performance guarantees).
Discover more at bechtel.com/offshore
1608off_23 23
8/2/16 10:46 AM
DRILLING & PRODUCTION
Opex budgets
under pressure
Reducingdrilling and developmentspend
has largely been the focus of service and
equipment providers in theGulf of Mexico,
with the aim of lowering costs at the most
capital-intensive period of asset lifecycles.
In a recent report, consulting firm Douglas-Westwood(DW) says thatopex costshave
grown in line with other upstream costs, from
7% CAGR (compound annual growth rate)
from 2010 to 2014 in the Gulf of Mexico.
In its analysis, DW found that the North
American offshore market has some of the
highest overall MMO (maintenance and
modification offshore) costs per barrel
more than twice the global average.
Historically, offshore opex has been largely
ignored as a critical driver ofdeepwaterproject
economics, yet this is beginning to change, the
firm said. The current rate of growth combined
with the overall operational cost in the Gulf of
Mexico is not sustainable, Douglas-Westwood contends. Operators are deferring and
cancelling many historically routine operational
objectives as long as they stay within safety and
regulatory guidelines.
Budgets for maintenance and modification projects are now being revisited and
contractors will feel the impact, says Douglas-Westwood. Within our offshore support
sector clients, many firms typically point to
the large proportion of revenue that is production-linked, implying that this insulates
from the effect of oil price cycles, says the
DW note. While this may be true up to a
point, the effect of the current prolonged
downturn clearly reaches further than exploration and development activities.
Mergers and acquisitionsare likely to be a
result of this operational spending compression, but there are still many efficiencies to
be shaken out, the firm says. Practices such
as consolidating projects and optimizing contracting processes are already producing
results in many cases. With breakeven economics at $70/bbl or higher for someGulf of
Mexicoprospects, recognition of operational
costs and streamlining the value chain can no
longer be overlooked.
Noble takes delivery

of North Sea Mariner jackup
Sembcorp Marine has delivered what
it claims is the worlds largest jackup drilling rig to Noble Corp. It will drill wells on
Statoils Mariner heavy oil development in
the UKs East Shetland basin under a fouryear charter agreement.
The Noble Lloyd Noble is a harsh-environment unit based on the GustoMSC CJ70 design and Statoils Category J specifications.
It has an operational air gap of 69 m (226
ft) and can operate in a water depth of up to
Bruce Beaubouef Houston
Hyundai Heavy Industries(HHI)

has deliveredOcean Greatwhite, the worlds largest
semisubmersible drilling rig,
toDiamond Offshore Drilling.
(Courtesy HHI)
Hyundai delivers worlds largest semi

Hyundai Heavy Industries(HHI) has deliveredOcean Greatwhite, the worlds largest semisubmersible drilling rig, toDiamond Offshore Drilling.
TheOcean Greatwhiteis 123 m (404 ft) long and 78 m (256 ft) wide. It is capable of
operating in water depths up to 3,000 m (9,842 ft) and drilling to a depth of 10,670 m
(35,000 ft) from the sea surface.
The rig will be chartered to BP for operation in theGreat Australian Bightfrom
October 2016.
HHI won the $630-millionrig construction contractin 2013 and has delivered four
other drillships to the Houston-based drilling contractor.
150 m (492 ft) in harsh environmental conditions, with a maximum total drilling depth
capacity of around 10,000 m (33,000 ft).
This is also the first offshore structure of
its kind to fully comply with both Norwegian
and UK regulatory standards, Sembcorp
adds, and is uniquely suited for operation
over a very large platform or in a subsea
configuration. Construction took 31 months.
Baker Hughes receives

license for ExxonMobil
technologies
ExxonMobil has awarded Baker Hughes
Inc. a limited international license to its Alternate Path technology patent portfolio for
services of gravel-packing cased and openhole completion wells.
Alternate Path technology was developed
and patented by ExxonMobil to improve
the reliability of wells completed in sandprone reservoirs. The technology provides
alternate flow paths called shunt tubes in the
downhole tool used for packing gravel in the
producing sections of a well. The shunt tubes
enable the packing operation to continue
when sand prematurely blocks the well annu-
lus, which would stop a conventional packing

operation. The shunt tubes divert the gravel
slurry around sand blockages and through
distributed portholes to fill voids in the annulus until a complete pack is in place.
Sara N. Ortwein, president of ExxonMobil
Upstream Research Co., said: Alternate Path
technology is one of several sand control
completion technologies developed by ExxonMobil to improve reliability of sand-prone
production wells. When the geology and the
economics of a development call for openhole completions, Alternate Path technology
is the technique preferred by ExxonMobil.
The well packing license allows Baker
Hughes to produce and deploy Alternate Path
technology and gravel packing services for
ExxonMobil affiliates around the world and for
projects in which the operator has an interest.
Zac Crouch, vice president, completions
and wellbore intervention at Baker Hughes,
said: Alternate Path technology uses a fieldproven design that is widely accepted by the
industry. The screens extend our robust
sand control portfolio, which helps operators
reduce uncertainty and maximize sand-free
production.
1608off_24 24
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75/8
.75 WT
V-150
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P-110
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Q-125
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UD-165
65/8
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S-135
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V-150
14
.82 WT
Q-125
65/8
1.16 WT
V-150
65/8
.866 WT
S-135
65/8
1.00 WT
UD-165
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1608off_25 25
8/2/16 10:46 AM
GEOSCIENCES
Sarah Parker Musarra Houston
UK contracts awarded
expected these areas will be made available seismic survey of approximately 186,000 km
Britains Oil & Gas Authority has awarded for licensing in the 31st Frontier Licensing (115,575 mi), gravity and magnetic data, and
contracts to PGS and WesternGeco for the Round, which will be held in 2018.
a regional seismic structural interpretation.
second government-funded seismic camThe UKCS is in a unique position having
TGS aims for this project to be the most
paign to promote underexplored areas of recovered more than 43 Bboe to-date, yet up comprehensive and modern offshore Mexthe UK continental shelf (UKCS).
to 20 Bboe still remains. The challenge is now ico dataset which ties into its existing US
PGS and WesternGeco have won the 20-mil- for industry to increase exploration drilling in Gulf of Mexico regional 2D grid. The surlion ($26-million) contracts to acquire seismic the UKCS and work with OGA to meet our vey is designed to assist exploration and
data from the East Shetland Platform and South shared target of 50 exploration and appraisal production companies in their evaluation of
West Britain, respectively. The program is antic- wells per year by 2021.
prospectivity offshore Mexico during forthipated to collect between 10,000 and 15,000 km
The UKs 29th Offshore Licensing Round is coming license rounds.
(6,213 and 9,320 mi) of new seismic data from due to open in 3Q 2016, subject to completion
In other Fugro news, the company landed
underexplored frontier areas.
of the strategic environmental assessment. a $26-million contract with ONGC, for whom
PGS Nordic Explorer is scheduled to carry It covers frontier areas including the Rockall it will begin a major program of geotechniout seismic surveys across the East Shetland Trough and Mid-North Sea High areas.
cal investigations. The contract involves site
Platform which includes the East Orkney, East
investigation work to gather geotechnical
Fair Isle, and Dutch Bank basins. WesternGe- Fugro deploys second
and geohazard data at the field, which is
cos WG Magellan is scheduled to carry out vessel for seep survey
located in the KG-DWN-98/2 block off the
seismic surveys around southwest Britain, inThe multi-purpose survey vessel Fugro east coast of India. The information will supcluding the Celtic Sea, Western English Chan- Gauss has joined the Fugro Brasilis offshore port the design and subsequent installation
nel, Bristol Channel, St Georges Channel, and Mexico to help complete what Fugro says is of wellheads, manifolds, platforms, FPSO
the Irish Sea.
the worlds largest seep-hunting survey.
anchors, umbilicals, pipelines, and flowlines.
The acquisition is due to begin this month,
Both vessels are using hull-mounted multiFugro will deploy its deepwater geotechsubject to receiving the relevant environ- beam echosounders (12 kHz on Fugro Gauss nical vessel Fugro Voyager, which will permental approvals, and will be supplemented and 30 kHz on Fugro Brasilis) and sub-bot- form the work in water depths ranging from
by selective reprocessing of legacy seismic tom profiler systems to map an area of about 50 to 1,500 m (164 to 4,921 ft). The fieldwork
datasets. It is expected to be completed dur- 625,000 sq km (241,313 sq mi) in the deepwa- will be followed by extensive laboratory testing 4Q 2016 and released to industry in 2Q ters of Mexico.
ing, data analysis, interpretation, and inte2017, mirroring the 2015 seismic
gration with other data acquired
program which saw more than
by Fugro.
40,000 line km (24,854 mi) of new
For ONGCs site characterizaand reprocessed data successtion reports, Fugro said it will
fully released to industry earlier
integrate the geotechnical and
this year.
geohazard data from this project
The seismic acquisition prowith metocean data and AUV
gram forms part of a package of
geophysical survey data it had
measures designed to support
acquired previously at this field.
the oil and gas sector, announced
The work is due to begin before
by former Prime Minister David
the end of 3Q.
Cameron earlier this year. OGA
said that the areas were selected
Magseis, Sonardyne
following engagement with induscollaborate
try and endorsed by the MER UK
Magseis has contracted SoExploration Board.
nardyne International to supply
Gunther Newcombe, OGA Diacoustic positioning equipment
rector of Exploration and Producto support a deepwater ocean
The Fugro Gauss arrives in the Gulf of Mexico to join what the company
tion, said: The seismic acquisibottom seismic survey for Saudi
claims is the largest seep-hunting survey in the world.
tion program is a critical part of (Photo courtesy Fugro)
Aramco over the Red Sea. The
OGAs plan to revitalize exploraS78 project, which Magseis is
tion. Last years program, which covered the
The data acquired will assist in identify- performing with Chinese contractor BGP,
Rockall Trough and Mid-North Sea High ing sites where deep hydrocarbon-rich flu- is expected to take nine months to comareas, sparked significant interest in these ids are escaping to the seafloor and will be plete and will involve deployment of a large
frontier areas of the UKCS with more than used to target hundreds of sites for coring network of ocean bottom recording nodes.
3,000 downloads of the standard seismic data and geochemical analysis.
The Ranger 2 USBL (Ultra-Short BaseLine)
packages.
Fugro has a dedicated center of excellence installed on a surface vessel, combined with
Studies of these areas are being carried in Houston for seep-hunting, explained Jim small seismic transponder technologies fitted
out which will provide valuable insight into Gharib, Fugros Global Product Line Manager close to each node, should address concerns
their potential ahead of the 29th Offshore Li- for Seep Studies. Our recent successes in- of uncertainty in node positioning by providcensing Round, which we hope to announce clude nine seep data collection and geochemi- ing high-quality, repeatable placement in all
imminently, subject to completion of the cal analysis projects in the Gulf of Mexico, the water depths, Sonardyne says.
strategic environmental assessment.
Caribbean, and Southeast Asia.
Magseis will deploy its proprietary marine
The 2016 program is focusing on underThe survey is being conducted for TGS as autonomous seismic system (MASS), which
explored frontier areas where no substantial part of its industry-funded multi-client Gigan- applies thousands of small nodes to create a
seismic has been acquired in decades. It is te survey which also includes a regional 2D grid pattern of receivers on the seabed.
1608off_26 26
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8/2/16 10:46 AM
17 TH ANNUAL
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8/2/16 10:46 AM
OFFSHORE ECONOMICS
Refocusing project assurance

can improve cost certainty
he offshore industry has made a lot of progress in reducing

the cost of the next wave of projects. But, simply having an
estimate of lower cost is not enough; any tolerance that executives may have had for cost overruns is long gone.
If the next wave of offshore developments is to get funded,
investors will want to know why they should have confidence in new,
lower cost levels, when so many past projects have overrun, and the
industry has lost so many experienced people.
Just as lower costs are being achieved by thinking differently, so
too is fresh thinking required in how these lower cost expectations
will be met. This requires a new, better approach to project assurance.
The goal of project assurance is to build and maintain the confidence of financial stakeholders that the outcome of a major project
will meet expectations. While this goal is unchanged, a window of
opportunity exists now to refocus project assurance to provide a
higher certainty of lower cost.
Why projects fail

Although it is tempting to blame unexpected developments (i.e.,
black swans) for failed projects, the fact is that these are seldom
the cause. We breed these black swans ourselves, by making the
same mistakes year after year, and setting the stage for failure.
There are really only two root causes of project failure: poorlyinformed decisions, and unmitigated risks. These happen for three
reasons:
A systemic bias to optimism and overconfidence
Pressure to minimize the time and cost of front-end deliverables
Inexperienced owner organizations.
Todays pressure to lower cost, combined with project organizations that have been drained of experienced staff, make the potential
for cost overruns even greater.
Clearly, the offshore industry cannot prosper if projects continue
to overrun for preventable reasons. This is why changing the focus
of project assurance can be so impactful; it can help eliminate the
preventable cost increases which are the cause of most failed projects. The place to start is with redefining the objective.
The objective of project assurance is to increase the certainty of
achieving a lower cost outcome by eliminating preventable cost increases due to poorly-informed decisions and unmitigated risks.
Richard E. Westney
Westney Consulting
Group, Inc.
The goal of project assurance

is to build and maintain the
confidence of financial
stakeholders that the
outcome of a major project
will meet expectations.
Critical inflection points
Project assurance has typically been a periodic intervention with a
project team focused on conformance to corporate processes, procedures, and requirements. The objective has been to make sure that
project teams produce the required decision gate deliverables, and
that they follow the specified procedures.
While most owners and contractors agree some form of assurance is necessary, there is also general agreement that the past approach is insufficient. Todays engineering, planning, and estimating
systems make it easy to produce impressive-looking deliverables,
but these may not be based on impressive thinking. Project assurance must change its focus, placing less emphasis on deliverables
and conformance, and more on the critical decisions made during
each project stage. The goal now becomes assuring that solid, experience-based, critical thinking is applied to these critical decisions.
The late Andrew Grove, former CEO of Intel and a Silicon Valley
pioneer, introduced the concept of the inflection point as one of the
key success factors in the fast-paced computer industry.
Grove pointed out that inflection points can be hard to recognize:
If one of them is missed, one can find oneself on the decline curve
even though one made no decision at all.
Of course, every major project has these as well; they are referred
to as critical inflection points. Critical thinking is required at these
points if the right decisions are to be made.
A critical inflection point is a point in time at which an opportunity
exists to make a decision that will materially impact a projects likelihood of success.
By providing an outside, expert view, and focusing on
critical inflection points, project assurance can address
the concern that inexperienced project leaders, working
with limited resources, may handle critical decisions too
simplistically (i.e., without a robust understanding of the
complexities,) be influenced by overconfidence, or simply miss the opportunity altogether. A good example of
this is the Yme project, as will be described later.
Engage in advance
(All images courtesy Westney Consulting Group, Inc.)
The use of an independent, outside expert to engage

a project at key points is a well-established best practice,
and one that is even more important now that project
organizations have been weakened by downsizing and
retirements. Refocusing project assurance requires ex-
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OFFSHORE ECONOMICS
A critical inflection point is

a point in time at which an
opportunity exists to make
a decision that will materially
impact a projects
likelihood of success.
panding the traditional role of the outside expert as an assurance
leader serving as a counterpart to the project leader to engage
well in advance of the critical inflection point. The role of todays
project assurance leader has four parts, as illustrated in the accompanying graphic.
Challenge. The assurance leader can use an outside perspective
to stress-test assumptions, plans and potential decisions and, where
necessary, offer alternatives. Challenge questions might typically
include: What would you do if .? or Have you considered ?
Advise. The assurance leader can advise based on industry intelligence, the absence of bias, data-based insights, and the lessons
learned from personal experience. Typical
advisory comments might be: Are you aware
of what is going on at the fabrication yards in
Korea? or These are the unintended consequences if you go ahead with that decision.
This outside perspective can also be invaluable
in managing executive and stakeholder expectations. The challenge and advise roles are
an essential part of all assurance engagements.
Depending on the situation, the project assurance team can also provide assistance with
alignment and other support activities.
Align. The assurance leader can facilitate
an alignment process whereby joint venture
partners and other financial stakeholders become engaged in the planning for the critical
inflection point, have an opportunity to voice
concerns or propose alternatives, and are
The impact of inexperience

The Norwegian Petroleum Directorate (NPD) report Evaluation of Projects Implemented on the Norwegian Shelf provides
a useful perspective on the importance of project assurance in
forestalling poorly-informed decisions and unmitigated risks.
The projects studied included Yme which, although atypical
in its results, provides a good illustration of the importance of
critical thinking at critical inflection points.
Yme was a project that deserved to succeed. The location, 300
ft (91 m) water depth on the Norwegian shelf, was well-understood with a stable regulatory environment. And, a world-class
contractor was selected to build a facility configuration similar to
one that had been successfully used in the Danish sector.
In spite of these positive factors, the project did not end well.
In discussing the root causes, NPD highlights the fact that
the operator had limited experience with planning and executing projects in the operator role. This inexperience resulted in
several missed opportunities to ensure a successful outcome
including:
Owner cash constraints dictated a fasttrack schedule that
was unrealistic and poorly managed. As a result, front-end
engineering and design was incomplete at sanction, which
aligned with the upcoming decision before it is made. This helps

eliminate the costly recycling and delays that can occur when partners are misaligned.
Support. The assurance leader can minimize any disruption to the
project work-plan by providing resources to perform or assist with
the tasks that may be necessary to prepare for the critical inflection
point. These support tasks may include special studies, analysis of
alternatives, facilitation of best practices, contract and organization
planning, and participation in management reviews.
To perform these roles, the assurance leader must have a truly
unbiased, independent, outside perspective, and be well-informed
about current projects, trends, and industry intelligence. He or she
should also have experience, data and analytical techniques that are
relevant to the project at hand.
Developing assurance plans

Assurance planning begins by identifying the critical inflection
points. It is useful to think of these in two categories:
Plan-based critical inflection points are those that can be identified
through front-end and execution planning. These usually occur
within each project stage. For example, key decisions such as finalizing the contracting strategy, selecting the technology, or approving the drilling plan are plan-based critical inflection points since the
project leader determines when they occur.
Working back from the planned date, an assurance plan can be developed to define the
objectives and scope of the assurance engagement, and ensure the time and resources are
available as may be needed for such activities
as industry data acquisition, contractor due
diligence, stakeholder alignment, best practice facilitation, and analysis of alternatives.
Risk-based critical inflection points are
those that are determined by forces outside the project. It is usually some form of
strategic risk that determines whether an
opportunity to make a decision will arise
and, if so, when. For example, there may
be a risk that one or more projects by other
operators will cause the preferred fabrication yards to be at capacity when needed.
caused procurement and construction activities to begin
before the needed design work was completed.
An optimistic view of the total cost of the fixed price contract for the production facility resulted in an inadequate
project cost contingency.
An optimistic view of the potential variations to the drilling
program resulted in an inadequate drilling cost contingency.
An optimistic view of owner staffing for contractor oversight
resulted in an understaffed project management team.
The decision to base the contract strategy on a full-scope,
lease contract resulted in a contract that severely limited
operator ability to control cost, schedule and quality.
The operator and prime contractor lacked experience with
Norwegian regulations and standards. As a result, extensive
non-conformities surfaced throughout the project, resulting
in late changes and rework.
The net result was a classic trainwreck.
Sanctioned at $850 million, the final cost of the project was
$2 billion.
Planned to be complete in 28 months, the uncompleted facility
was abandoned, and the facility scrapped, after 75 months.
No oil was ever produced.
www.offshore-mag.com August 2016 Offshore 31
1608off_31 31
8/2/16 10:46 AM
OFFSHORE ECONOMICS
What is needed is not

more assurance, but
assurance that is more
focused and less disruptive.
Should this occur, it would impose a risk-based critical inflection
point on the project. Risk-based critical inflection points can be identified via a strategic risk assessment process. Working back from
the potential decision date, an assurance plan can be developed to
monitor the risk, prepare scenario analyses, analyze alternatives,
and define the assurance engagement.
The accompanying illustration provides examples of plan-based
and risk-based critical inflection points on a typical offshore project.
Note that these can be either internally- or externally-driven.
Assurance planning should begin early in front-end definition. In
addition to improving certainty of cost outcomes, the assurance plan
must also meet the goal of improving the efficiency of project teams.
What is needed is not more assurance, but assurance that is more
focused and less disruptive. This is achieved in several ways:
Assurance interactions are focused on the project leader
Any additional work to prepare for critical inflection points,
such as analysis of alternatives, is not tasked to the project but,
instead, handled by the assurance team
Improving partner and stakeholder alignment spares the project
team the non-productive work that results from misalignment
Being proactive and making better decisions at critical inflection points reduces the effort teams often waste in coping with
preventable issues.
This process begins with a kickoff meeting between the assurance and project leaders, and is followed by several steps.
Project assurance framework

The purpose of this step is to define the assumptions, constraints,
and basis within which the assurance role will operate; this is summarized in the project assurance framework document. Framework
considerations include:
The business case, project objectives, financial parameters, risk
appetite
Key agreements, financing plan, stakeholder expectations
Current plan of development, alternatives under consideration
Host country considerations, logistics, infrastructure
Constraints e.g., corporate processes, local content requirements, cash-flow limitations, lender requirements, regulatory
requirements.
Critical inflection points

The purpose of this step is to determine the plan-based critical
inflection points to be addressed and develop an assurance plan for
each of them. (Note: not all planned decision points are critical.)
Activities include:
Using the front-end plan, project execution plan, integrated
project master schedule, and applicable agreements, determine
the plan-based critical inflection points to be addressed.
Determine the assurance tasks to be performed prior to the
date of each plan-based critical inflection point:
Acquisition and use of industry intelligence and data
Analysis of alternatives
Review/validation of existing plans, estimates, schedules,
technical decisions
Best practices to be applied, such as contract strategy or alignment workshops.
Develop assurance plan

The purpose of this step is to determine the risk-based critical
inflection points to be addressed and develop an assurance plan for
each of them. Activities include:
Perform a strategic risk assessment to determine the potential
sources of risk-based critical inflection points
Using the most severe risks, identify potential critical inflection
points. For example:
The strategic risk is an upcoming election in the host country
that may result in the opposition party assuming power. Their
candidate has stated an intention to implement tighter regulations on the oil and gas industry.
The potential impact if the opposition party wins is that new
leaders will be appointed to the Ministries of Energy and Environment, and new emissions regulations put in place. If this
happens, significant changes to the topsides design will be required during module fabrication, increasing weight and cost,
and delaying offshore installation.
The potential critical inflection point is a decision to make
pro-active topsides design changes, prior to the release of approved construction drawings, in anticipation of new emission
regulations.
Determine the risk-based assurance tasks to be performed, to enable early identification and proactive attention to potential critical
inflection points. Using the above example, these tasks may include
risk monitoring, contingency planning, and decision analysis.
This work is documented in a project assurance plan.
Perform assurance engagements

Separate work-streams are required for plan-based and risk-based
critical inflection points. The plan-based tasks are working toward a
decision opportunity which is well-defined and already scheduled; the
risk-based tasks are anticipating a decision opportunity that may or
may not materialize, or that may take a different form. Assurance engagements should always be non-disruptive to the project work-flow.
Conclusion
Lower cost offshore projects will not proceed unless a higher certainty is provided that the lower cost will be achieved. Refocusing the
project assurance function to address critical inflection points can improve execution efficiency, increase cost certainty, and enhance the
attractiveness of investments in the next wave of offshore projects.
The author
Richard (Dick) Westney is the founder/director of Westney Consulting Group, and has 40 years of offshore project experience.
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Barents Sea:
Norways emerging oil province
Espen Erlingsen
Discovered resources by year for the Norwegian

Barents Sea, Million boe. (Source/all charts
courtesy Rystad Energy UCube)
Rystad Energy
he first Norwegian Barents Sea exploration well was drilled in

1980 and 130 further wildcat and appraisal wells have since followed in the province. Over the last five years, the exploration
effort has really started to pay off and when this success is converted into investments and production, the Barents Sea will be
an exciting center of activity on the Norwegian continental shelf (NCS).
To date, a total of 4 Bboe of oil and gas have been discovered across
the province, of which 1.8 Bbbl are liquids.
Snhvit was the first Barents Sea discovery in the Norwegian sector in the beginning of the 1980s. This was a large gas find contained
within several reservoirs. Due to the remote location for the gas and
the difficulties getting it to the market, almost 30 years passed before
operator Statoil was able to start commercial production in 2007. Output from the field is exported as LNG and there have been problems
with the liquefaction train, which kept the production low for several
years. However, the troubles of the past seem to be behind the project; in 2015, the field achieved its highest production to date, exporting more than 5 million metric tons (5.5 million tons) of LNG.
The second largest discovery was Goliat in 2000. The Eni-operated
field includes 200 MMboe of resources and has been developed via an
FPSO. Goliat commenced production in March this year after being
delayed for several years and incurring cost-overruns of more than 50%.
Eleven years after the initial Goliat find, exploration results started
to improve again with Statoils discovery of Johan Castberg in 2011,
eventually shown to have two primary reservoirs called Skrugard
and Havis. Initially Statoil planned to develop the discovery with a
floating production unit (FPU) connected to an onshore terminal,
pending results from an exploration campaign in relatively close
proximity to the field. The purpose was to find additional resources
and improve the economics of the FPU development solution. However, the campaign was largely unsuccessful and with the oil price
falling, the partners scaled back their preferred development concept to an FPSO. The new concept and current low unit prices have
reduced the breakeven price from $80 to $45/bbl.
Historical and forecasted
production (LHS) and
investments (RHS) for the
Norwegian Barents Sea.
Overview of the key Barents Sea projects

Operator
Facility
Category
Remaining
Resources
(Million bbl)
Breakeven
Oil Price*
(USD/bbl)
Statoil
Subsea
1,470
27
Discovery
Statoil
FPSO
610
49
Discovery
OMV
FPSO
350
72
Alta/Gohta
Discovery
Lundin
FPSO
350
72
Goliat
Producing
Eni
FPSO
210
22
Project
Life Cycle
Category
Snohvit
Producing
Johan Castberg
Wisting
*The breakeven price is forward-looking, excluding historical costs.
In 2013, two significant new discoveries sparked renewed interest in the sector, OMVs Wisting Central and Lundins Gohta. Combined, the total discovered resources for 2013 in the Norwegian Barents Sea were just below 0.5 Bboe, making this the province with the
highest discovered resources on the NCS that year.
The Barents Sea was also the leading Norwegian exploration province in 2014, as Lundin proved potentially substantial oil with its Alta
discovery, while OMV followed up with the Hansteen discovery. With
these additional volumes, the most likely development solution will
be an FPSO at Alta/Gohta and another FPSO for Wisting/Hansteen.
In terms of production, the Barents Sea will grow considerably. The
first growth phase will be in 2016/2017 as output from Goliat continues to ramp up. The next growth phase will be in the beginning of
the next decade. With the anticipated startup of Castberg, Wisting
and Alta/Gohta, the total Barents production may go beyond 500,000
boe/d. This is about five times higher than current production from
the area. The growth will be driven by oil, as the latest finds have been
largely oil discoveries. However, substantial investments are needed
to achieve this increase. Historically, annual investments for the Barents Sea have been just below $2 billion. After 2020 this number is
expected to grow steadily, surpassing $8 billion. Most of the spending
will be on subsea equipment, rigs, and FPSO construction.
With these new projects, the Barents Sea will become an important production province and could contribute to as much as 15%
of the total Norwegian production at the end of the next decade.
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Faroe Petroleum builds Norway

profile via drillbit, acquisitions
ost concerns have induced caution

offshore Norway as elsewhere, but
wells are being drilled and a steady
stream of new projects is going forward. Much of the activity has resulted from the Energy Ministrys conveyor
belt of licensing rounds, designed to open
mature and frontier basins in order to maximize the countrys offshore resources.
One of the most active respondents in recent
years has been Faroe Petroleum, which has
amassed interests in 35 Norwegian licenses
and which recently discovered Brasse, the largest new oil find so far this year offshore Norway.
The company was originally formed in 1997
in the Faroe Islands as Froya Kolvetni to participate in the first Faroese offshore licensing
round in 2000. Two years later, it was renamed
Faroe Petroleum as a UK holding company,
based in Aberdeen, and the following year was
admitted to trading on the UKs Alternative Investment Market. Soon after, Faroe successfully bid for licenses in the west of Shetland area,
and entered Norway in 2006.
Today the company is a partner or operator in over 60 exploration, development and
production assets offshore Norway, the UK,
and Ireland. Its current production of 7-9,000
boe/d comes from the Blane oil and Ketch/
Schooner gas fields in the UK North Sea and
the Brage and Ringhorne East fields in the
Norwegian North Sea. However, the companys production is set to double to up to
17,000 boe/d following an agreement to acquire DONG E&P Norges interests in five
producing fields in the southern Norwegian
North Sea for $70 million, with combined resources close to 20 MMboe: these are: Ula,
Tambar and Tambar East (all operated by
BP), and Oselvar and Trym, developed by
DONG as tiebacks to respectively Ula and
the Harald platform in the Danish sector.
Potentially, Faroes Norwegian production
could rise substantially higher over the next few
years due to its participation in projects such as
VNGs Pil-area development and Statoils Njord
area re-development in the Norwegian Sea, and
Centricas Butch in the southern Norwegian
North Sea, another tieback to Ula.
As a producer, our cashflow has been
split 50-50 between the UK and Norway,
said COO Helge Hammer. After exiting the
high-cost west of Shetland area, where the
company participated in long drawn-out and
complex deepwater wells on the North Uist
Brasse map. (Images courtesy Faroe Petroleum)
and Lagavulin structures, Faroe now focuses

in the UK mainly on growing production. As
an explorer, however, were mainly a Norwegian player, Hammer added. We have had
a lot of success in Norway over the past few
years, with involvement in nine discoveries,
six of which are definitely commercial.
Norway has operated a very stable fiscal
regime for many years, introducing cost recovery measures in 2005 in order to stimulate exploration this has been very good
for Faroe. The measures include reimbursement of 78% of exploration costs the following
year. Our strategy has been to participate
in around four-to-five exploration wells each
year while at the same time maintaining a
strong balance sheet, with limited exposure
to development projects. Our finding costs
have typically been below $2/bbl.
Near-field focus
The core of the companys 35-strong team

in Stavanger has been together for 15 years.
Most were previously with Paladin Resources, sold to Talisman Energy in 2005, while
others had worked for Statoil and Shell. We
have a really strong group of geologists and
engineers, Hammer said, with skilled teams
ranging from pure exploration to commercial
M&A [mergers and acquisition] experts. We
think we have done well with what we have.
Hammer continued: We do our own seismic interpretation and modeling in-house, with
Jeremy Beckman
Editor, Europe
a heavy subsurface focus, and we have participated in every Norwegian licensing round in
recent years. We are not very focused on one
single geological model and rather than favor
a specific technology, we apply many, including state-of the art data processing.
After its experience on North Uist, Faroe
shifted its ambitions in Norway toward lowerrisk plays in the North Sea and Norwegian Sea,
where most of its licenses are situated. We are
still in frontier plays in some areas, Hammer
said, such as the Barents Sea, where we will
partner Eni later this year in a well on Dazzler,
a large horst structure at a far-north location
close to the Bjrnoya basin. This year we have
also secured frontier acreage offshore western Ireland. But otherwise, all our six-seven
planned wells as explorers over the next two
years will be on near-field targets.
At the moment, we only have two more
commitment wells lined up on our various
licenses. Thats a sign of the times oil companies have a lot of problems and they are being careful not to commit too much with oil
prices still lower. And in joint ventures with
oil companies, there has to be a joint decision
before drilling can go ahead.
Brage analogies
In June, Faroe discovered oil and gas with an

operated well on the Brasse structure drilled by
the semisub Transocean Arctic in license PL740
in the northern Norwegian North Sea. A side
track followed on the southeastern part of the
structure, proving hydrocarbons in a similarlypressured Jurassic sandstone reservoir that is
also thought to be analogous to the effective
producing reservoir at the Wintershall-operated Brage field to the north.
As a partner to operator Wintershall we
had developed very detailed knowledge of
Brage which we had extended into opportunities nearby, Hammer explained. Thats
how we ended up applying for the acreage
containing this undrilled structure. A previous operator had relinquished the license,
deeming it too risky. However, we were encouraged by the results from the A18 infill
well that Wintershall drilled on the south
side of Brage late last year.
Faroe estimates recoverable reserves in
the range of 28-54 MMbbl of oil and 89-158
bcf of gas, which could potentially double or
triple its reserves base. Brasse appears to be
fully delineated, and the company and part-
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There are quite a few interesting opportunities in this years round, and we have to bear
in mind that one day there might not be any
more opportunities.
Njord, Pil scenarios
At Brage, Faroe is far from a silent partner,

interpreting its own data from the 4D timelapse seismic survey that started over the field
in 2014, and which Wintershall is using to
identify infill drilling targets to lift production

from the low levels the company inherited
when Statoil agreed to transfer operatorship
in 2011. Last summer, a first infill well on the
Fensfjord South reservoir increased output
from 12,000 boe/d to 20,000 boe/d, and another productive well was put onstream in
January through the production, drilling and
quarters platform. The drilling rig has since
been warm stacked but should be reactivated
SEE US AT
The Brage platform.
ner Point Resources will now assess development options. The discovery is equidistant
from Brage and the Oseberg and Oseberg Sr
platforms to the west, all 13 km (8 mi) away.
Faroe managed to secure the rig for this program at a relatively modest $170,000/d. My
feeling is that we have reached the bottom
of the present day rate cycle, Hammer said,
although it should still be attractive to drill
wells offshore Norway next year.
The companys candidate prospects for
drilling in 2017-18 include Joshi, close to Wintershalls Maria discovery in the Norwegian
Sea; Oshun, near Totals 2015 Shango gas find
on the northern part of the Utsira High in the
North Sea; Runge, north of Oseberg; Cassidy,
close to Butch; Iris in the sgard area of the
Norwegian Sea, in partnership with OMV; and
Dobby, in the same license as Statoils Snilehorn oil discovery in the same sector.
In addition, Faroe may seek to appraise South
East Tor in the southern Norwegian North Sea,
where Conoco discovered 43API oil in 1972
with a well drilled on the crest of a salt-induced
anticline in both the Tor and Ekofisk formations.
Conoco went on to develop the main Tor field via
a platform which is now set to be closed down
due to integrity issues, but South East Tor remained fallow, with Lundin eventually assuming
operatorship. Last year, Faroe acquired Lundins
75% stake, lifting its own interest to 85%, and has
since mobilized a team to assess the structures
commercial potential. Options range from appraisal drilling to assess well delivery followed
by a regular field development plan, to a phased
approach involving low-cost early production
ahead of a longer-term offtake solution, to a joint
development with other stranded oil and gas accumulations in the area.
The Norwegian Energy Ministry awarded
Faroe six licenses early this year under Norways 2015 APA licensing round, and the company is working on more bids for APA 2016. It
is quite a challenge managing our portfolio,
Hammer said, but we need to keep replenishing it, otherwise our activity might drop off.
1608off_35 35
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8/2/16 10:46 AM
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next year for further infill activity. Wintershall spent a lot of money on the integrity
of the platform for the long term, Hammer
pointed out.
Toward the end of this year Faroe plans
to commit to the development of the 42.5
-51.6-MMboe Butch field via a 13-km (8-mi)
subsea tieback to BPs Ula production complex. Assuming the government approves the
program, Butchs oil will be exported via the
Ula pipeline to the terminal at Teesside, northeast England, while its produced gas will be
reinjected to improve recovery from the Ula
field reservoir.
In the Norwegian Sea, Faroe is a partner
in various probable/possible developments.
One involves the Njord field where previous
operator Nork Hydro started in 1997. There
are two main facilities: Njord A, a semisubmersible drilling, production and accommodation platform positioned over subsea wells,
and Njord B, a storage vessel. Statoil tied in
the Hyme oilfield as a subsea satellite in 2013,
and there are other potential satellites nearby
such as Snilehorn North and possibly Krafla/
Askja. However, a review of the ageing Njord
A platform identified widespread structural
issues, and earlier this year Statoil shut down
production. In August, the facility is due to be
1608off_37 37
towed to Stord in western Norway for further

inspections and where much of its equipment
will be replaced, upgraded or repaired. The
final investment decision is currently set to follow in early 2017.
Faroe has a 25% stake in the 2014 Pil/Bue
oil discoveries, 60 km (37 mi) southwest of
Norske Shells Draugen field, which inspired
an upsurge of industry interest in this part of
mid-Norway, and 32 km (20 mi) southwest of
the Njord field. The first well on Pil encountered oil and gas in the same Jurassic Rogn
formation that has been so productive at Draugen, but follow-up wells on other prospects last
year based on the same geological model were
disappointing. However, the latest geological
studies have proven that the discoveries came
in fact from the Melke formation, after having
been redeposited in fantastic-quality Jurassic
sands, Hammer said, and now we see opportunities in other prospects.
The partners have drawn up possible options for a development involving a subsea tieback either to Draugen or the Njord redevelopment, or a standalone FPSO. At this stage,
the earliest timing for a final concept decision
looks to be late-2017, he added.
Elsewhere in this region, Faroe is a partner
in the 2009 Fogelberg gas discovery, where a
business case has been drawn up for a threewell subsea tieback to Statoils sgard B platform. Progress has stalled, however, due to
the fact that the sgard transportation system
serving gas fields in the area will not have
available capacity until 2021: the same impasse
has affected other commercial gas finds such
as Deas Zidane. However, the partners plan
to look again at Fogelberg this fall, Hammer
said, and could approve a field development
plan during 2018, allowing the field to come
onstream in 2021-22.
Faroe can draw on a $225-million reserve
base lending facility and $99 million in cash
(not including the companys recent equity
placing of $81 million) to cover its exploration
costs. At present, the company has only limited development commitments, although this
will change over the next year.
We have good cashflow from our production and we are keen to grow production further, Hammer said. But for the time being
Njord is offline, so if we do nothing, we will
have no significant increase in volumes until
Butch comes onstream in 2019. So we are
looking to fill that gap, possibly through acquisition of other producing assets, and that will
give us tax shelter for our various E&P programs over the next few years.
8/2/16 10:46 AM
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OGA seeking to reverse slide

in UK offshore exploratory drilling
Dr. Nick Richardson
Oil & Gas Authority
xploration is at the very heart of the oil and gas industry. Without it, there would be no offshore production, an industry in
the UK that has generated hundreds of thousands of skilled
jobs, formed a vibrant supply chain servicing oil and gas activity at home and abroad, and made a key contribution to Britains security of energy supply.
Unfortunately, exploration is often the first area to suffer when oil
prices dip and given the sustained downturn of the past 18 months,
it is no surprise that exploration for new UK offshore resources has
fallen to its lowest levels since the 1970s. However, despite the challenges of a diverse basin made up of frontier and mature areas, with
increasing operational costs and a diverse mix of companies operating mature assets, there is recognition that significant prospectivity
remains on the UK continental shelf (UKCS).
PGS Nordic Explorer on the East Shetland Platform.

(All images courtesy OGA)
Of the 13 exploration wells drilled in UK waters in 2015, more than

half were successful, discovering just over 150 MMboe of technically
recoverable reserves. The future viability of exploration on the UKCS
is not in doubt and the Oil & Gas Authoritys (OGA) remit to secure
the remaining reserves, underpinned by recommendations from Sir
Ian Woods seminal 2014 report, UKCS Maximising Recovery Review,
will reignite interest in exploration offshore the UK.
OGA and its role
The OGA was established last year following the publication of Sir
Ians review. At this point, a barrel of Brent crude was priced at around
$60. Fluctuations in oil price since have created a challenging economic
environment for companies across the operator and service sector
chain, and following a prolonged period of low oil prices, the impact has
intensified. This has underlined the need for a structural change in the
way the UK oil and gas industry does business and has galvanized a
collaborative approach from government, industry, and the OGA.
The overarching objective of the OGA is to maximize economic
recovery from the UKCS, partly through its role as a regulator, licensing offshore and onshore oil and gas and carbon storage in a
flexible and pragmatic way. But the Authoritys aims extend to influencing wider industry culture and behaviors, encouraging collaboration, and promoting the UKCS as a basin still very much open for
business and investment.
Sir Ian Woods review stated: Recovering more oil and gas resources from the UKCS, and attracting more players and investment, will be to the benefit of all parties. The OGAs commitment to
revitalize exploration has a key role to play in this regard. Investing
in exploration and sustaining activity can help protect skills, minimizing the personal impact on those working in the industry and
positioning the UKCS for future recovery.
A mature basin
OGA 2015 seismic areas, projected 2016 seismic, and 29th UK licensing
round areas.
At first glance of an offshore map of the UKCS, it can be seen that

while most of the exploration and production has taken place over
1608off_38 38
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the last 40 years, leading to recovery of an estimated 42 Bboe, there

remain virgin territories. While OGAs plan to revitalize exploration
is looking forward to help sustain a future for the industry, it is also
about revisiting areas that have been ignored by industry for decades. In many of these areas, there is no collective understanding
of the geology within the industrial community and modern exploration techniques have yet to be applied. Why is this the case, and
what can we do as the Authority to stimulate activity that will allow
these frontier areas to be re-examined in new light?
In 2015, acting on Her Majestys Treasurys Driving Investment
plan to reform the oil and gas fiscal regime, the UK government
provided 20 million ($26.8 million) to fund the OGAs first seismic
acquisition program, an initiative devised to significantly improve
the sparse modern seismic coverage in under-explored frontier areas of the UKCS, focusing on the Rockall Trough and Mid-North
Sea High (MNSH) areas. Frontier exploration has attracted increasing attention as the pressure to find new sources of hydrocarbons
has encouraged operators to add potentially high-impact prospects
to their established portfolios.
The Rockall Trough area in the Outer Hebrides offshore northwest Scotland is under-explored, with just 12 exploration wells
drilled since 1980. It does have a proven working petroleum system
the Benbecula gas discovery was made in 2000 but prior to the
OGAs seismic acquisition program, most of the geophysical data in
this area was acquired more than 15 years ago. In the MNSH area,
new advances in seismic acquisition broadband technology, such
as longer streamer length and advances in processing technology,
have improved deeper imaging, and consequently our understanding of source rock distribution and hydrocarbon migration.
Over five months, the OGAs chosen contractor WesternGeco acquired almost 20,000 km (12,427 mi) of new 2D seismic over an area
of 200,000 sq km (77,220 sq mi) without incident and under budget.
The Authority, recognizing the importance of quality seismic data to
inform future offshore licensing rounds, made the full data packages freely available one year later for download via ukoilandgasdata.
com. The data has attracted wide interest within the industry having
been downloaded more than 3,000 times by individuals, universities,
and companies of all sizes. Uniquely for modern, broadband seismic, the raw field data has been made available, opening the use of
the dataset to a full-range of innovative applications.
To continue building knowledge of these frontier areas, OGA subsequently launched an Exploration License competition with a total
500,000 prize ($0.67 million) fund to encourage geoscientists and
engineers to develop innovative interpretations and products using
the data acquired during surveys of the Rockall basin and MNSH
areas. The competition received unprecedented interest with more
than 60 applications from across the world. Of the 11 projects initially selected, three were recently selected to move forward into the
third phase and receive further funding.
The quality of the datasets offers a significant opportunity to improve
understanding of the petroleum geology and exploration potential in
these underexplored areas through consistent, regional interpretation.
Of particular interest are the insights that the data can provide into the
petroleum prospectivity of the Palaeozoic section in the mid North Sea.
The OGAs program targeted deeper Palaeozoic penetration and also
acquired data close to shore to transfer critical onshore knowledge.
The 29th Offshore Licensing Round will make these frontier areas of
the Rockall Trough, MNSH and part of the East Shetland Platform
available for licensing once it launches later this summer.
More potential remains

Following the success of the 2015 data acquisition, a second 20-million fund was allocated to expand the program. Following engagement
with industry and the MER UK Exploration Board, OGA selected the
Mid-North Sea High two seismic lines.
frontier areas of the East Shetland Platform and South West Britain.
Both are thought to offer potential prospectivity at a number of stratigraphic levels ranging in age from the Devono-Carboniferous in the
East Shetland Platform, to late Mesozoic plays in the South West of Britain. Recently contracts were awarded to PGS and WesternGeco for the
East Shetland Platform and South West Britain respectively and their
designated vessels are expected to collect between 10,000 and 15,000
km (6,214 and 9,320 mi) of 2D seismic data which will be supplemented
by reprocessed legacy data. Acquisition is expected to be completed
in late 2016 and will likely be released to the industry during 2Q 2017,
ahead of the 31st Offshore Licensing Round in 2018.
Further challenges
However, the lack of high-quality, modern seismic data is not the
only obstacle facing the oil and gas industrys exploration community. Wells are expensive and can render small pockets of hydrocarbons uneconomic. As part of the 21st Century Exploration Roadmap (21CXRM) project, OGA completed and published a rigorous
analysis of the root cause of failed wells drilled in the Moray Firth
and central North Sea between 2003 and 2013. This highlighted the
opportunity for significant improvement in technical work to avoid
drilling poor prospects, prompting the Authority to implement a preand post-drill evaluation quality assurance process with operators,
sharing lessons learnt from dry hole analysis.
In addition, the OGAs Exploration team is committed to working
with colleagues across the Authority on shared objectives such as
decreasing well costs. The Technology Leadership Boards (TLB)
Well Construction Cost Reduction workgroup has committed to
halving well costs through a combination of efficient adoption of
existing technology, adaptation of technologies from other geographies and industries, and development of new technologies. A recent study by the group demonstrated that for a typical normal temperature/normal pressure oil well in the UK central North Sea, the
number of days taken to drill the well could be reduced by around
30% by employing technology that eliminates some of the dead
time spent running casing and also by reducing the likelihood of
non-productive time during certain sections of the well. Supporting
the deployment of technology and reducing well construction costs
could enable an estimated 40 additional new wells per year to go
forward and support the unlocking of 5 Bboe of reserves.
The author
Dr. Nick Richardson is currently Exploration and New Ventures Manager for the Oil
& Gas Authority, tasked with implementing a licensing regime that encourages high
levels of exploration, using analysis and insights to proactively influence and help incentivize exploration on the UKCS. Prior to joining OGA, he was a Senior Exploration
Geologist with Dana Petroleum in Aberdeen. His career has included a short spell in
the professional services industry working for PwC, followed by various geoscience roles
for the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zurich), Shell, and Maersk Oil.
1608off_39 39
8/2/16 10:46 AM
Updated processing methods, technologies

enhance vintage frontier basin data
H. Nicholls
N. Hodgson
R.Gonzalez
Spectrum Geo Ltd.

M. Cvetkovic
Spectrum Geo Inc.
t is now commonly accepted that the only

way to unlock new hydrocarbon provinces is by investing in modern methods of
seismic acquisition and processing. However, new data is not always available and
in some areas may be prohibitively difficult
to acquire. Fortunately, the legacy of seismic
acquisition over the last 50 years provides a
resource base that can be re-examined. Data
that is often forgotten and overlooked can be
re-processed using modern techniques to
provide new insight into frontier geology.
The Bay of Biscay, offshore western
France and Northern Spain, has been extensively covered by seismic from the late 1960s
to the early 2000s. Oil and gas fields have
been discovered and produced, but there has
only been limited drilling in the basin, and all
of that on the narrow shelf. Due to a lack of
investment in new seismic data, the existing
legacy dataset is a valuable resource that allows us to better understand this basin. How-
Map showing 2D lines re-processed in Bay of Biscay project, color coded by different source type
and vintage (All images courtesy Spectrum Geo Ltd.).
ever, it exists only as a set of individual datasets, each processed independently of the
other with no thought of tying them together.
Unraveling the basin development has been
hindered by these eclectic datasets.
Acquisiton parameters summary by vintage.

Survey name
Source
Shot
interval (m)
Group
interval (m)
Cable
length (m)
Near
offset (m)
Year
acquired
ECORS(1-5)
Airgun
50
25
2,400
258-283
1984
ECORS-7
Airgun
50
25
3,000
196
1984
MARCONI
Airgun
40 secs
235
2,400
139-156
2003
MM88
Watergun
25
12.5
3,000
116
1988
81GG
Vaporchoc
25
50
3,000
223
1981
GUI84
Watergun
25
25
2,400
154
1984
82BOM
Airgun
25
50
2,400
246
1982
91MZM
Airgun
25
25
2,400
103
1991
Aquapulse
100
100
2,400
225
1968
71CF
Airgun
50
100
2,400
300
1971
V80
Maxipulse
50
50
2,950
236/256
1980-81
80GG
CF79-80
74B
82SG
81AA/AB
Airgun
25
50
3,000
280
1980
MiniFlexichoc
25
25
1,200
255
1979-80
Vaporchoc
50
50
2,400
300
1974
Airgun
25
50
2,350
224
1982
Vaporchoc
25/50
50
2,400
187/224
1981
Bay of Biscay
The Bay of Biscay is dominated by the

Pyrenean foreland basin, yet comprises a
complex palimpsest of earlier rift basins, including the Parentis and Aquitaine Basins to
the east, and the Basque-Cantabrian Basin
to the west. Source rocks are found from the
Palaeozoic to Cretaceous, with the Kimmeridge and Baremian-Albian sequences being
most prolific. Reservoirs are found from the
Upper Jurassic to the Lower Cretaceous in
both clastic and carbonate facies, and structures tested to date include extensional fault
blocks, compressional folds/toe thrusts and
salt diapir flanks.
Many thousands of kilometers of data
have been acquired in the Bay of Biscay in
many different surveys between 1968 and
2003, both commercial and academic, using
several different seismic acquisition sources
and recording systems. More than 12,000
km (7,456 mi) of these data, a subset of the
total data available in the Bay of Biscay area,
were selected for re-processing.
Re-processing of this legacy data proved
challenging due to the poor quality of the
support data supplied, and the large variety
of seismic acquisition techniques used. Ob-
1608off_40 40
8/2/16 10:46 AM
Shown here are the signatures for different source types as recorded.
servers logs were often incomplete or unreadable, and measurements such as near
trace offset and start of data delays had to
be calculated from the raw seismic data. In
several vintages, there were tape transcription problems leading to the loss or distortion of data, including the introduction of
spikes which could only be removed by despiking routines. Navigation was supplied in
a variety of formats, including as UKOOA
P190 files, Excel files, typed from paper or
extracted from the headers of previous vintages of processing. In all cases, the information was very poorly documented, most
often containing no projection information
whatsoever, so a detailed quality check was
performed on the navigation to prepare it for
merging with the seismic.
Once the line geometries had been built,
each vintage was analyzed for its acquisition method. It was found that a variety of
different seismic sources had been used,
and each of these had a specific methodology of analysis and preparation. A total of
15 different surveys were included in the
project, acquired using six different source
techniques, as detailed in the table.
Overview of sources
Although available in common literature,

it is useful to briefly describe here each
source technology found in this project.
Air gun. The most commonly used marine
source is the air gun which consists of two
chambers charged to approximately 2,000 psi
(138 bar) and an electronically actuated valve
and piston assembly that releases high pressure air into the water column. The source
signature from an air gun array is nominally
minimum phase. A far-field signature was extracted from the data by summing a series of
near traces derived from an area of water bottom showing little geological influence.
Symmetrical display of brute stack of vaporchoc data before and after

designature applied. Red arrows are pointing to duplication of events due
to vaporchoc source, while green arrows are same events after shot-byshot designature.
Watergun. The water gun source works

on much the same principal as the air gun,
except the high-pressure air is used to generate an implosion that results in a very high
frequency mixed phase source signature.
The far-field source signature was estimated
from the recorded data in the same way as
the air-gun far-field signature (Safar 1980).
Aquapulse. This is a submerged explosive
source in which an oxygen/propane mixture
is exploded inside a closed flexible chamber.
While the source signature is nominally minimum phase, its timing can vary substantially.
Consequently, considerable effort is required
to determine and correct any observed timing
variations. Once again a far-field source signature was estimated from the recorded data.
Vaporchoc. This source generates acoustic energy by injecting a measured quantity
of superheated steam into the water column
under very high pressure. A valve is opened
and the steam forms a bubble in the water
column, condenses, the bubble collapses
and finally disappears. The timing of the bubble pulse varies for each shot, consequently
a near-field source signature is recorded. A
de-signature operator was computed by converting the mixed phase recorded near-field
signature to its minimum phase equivalent
with a Weiner filter, and applying this Weiner filter to each shot. This also accounted for
timing variations for each shot.
Maxipulse. This is a delayed fuse dynamite source (Wood 1978), where bubble oscillations are recorded and used to compute
a shot-to-shot minimum phase de-bubble filter. In this way the data is converted to zero
phase and the timing variations attributable
to the delayed fuse are corrected.
Flexichoc. This is an impulsive marine source
comprising two spring plates separated by
compressed air until they lock into position.
When the source is triggered the air between
the plates is expelled to form a vacuum, which

forces the plates together generating an acoustic pulse. This emits a very short pulse, rich in
high frequencies, which allows for high resolution. As for the majority of the other source
types, a far-field source signature was estimated
from the recorded data.
PSTM workflow
An initial assessment of the data confirmed

a wide variety in wavelet shape and phase, as
expected, caused by the different sources.
The pre-processing involved correctly identifying the source type and deriving a suitable
zero phase de-signature filter for each. In
some cases, a suitable filter could not be derived, in which case a statistical zero-phasing
would be performed post-stack. As well as
phase, amplitude levels were also matched
across all surveys. At this stage, we now have
a set of pre-stack data of varying vintages and
source types that have been matched to reference phase and amplitude level with phase
being close to zero phase.
The different source techniques presented
a set of challenges in the imaging sequence
based on their different frequency spectra
and phase. Hence, the next challenge was
to process each data type as similarly as possible, but taking into account potential different responses to each step by reviewing frequency content at regular intervals.
This data was processed through a standard, conventional, modern pre-stack time
migration processing sequence, resulting
in an improved data quality and final imaging. Tailored suppression of coherent and
random noise was performed in several
stages of the workflow in various sorting
domains. Velocity independent routines
such as surface-related multiple elimination,
where multiples are modeled and adaptively
subtracted, proved successful in removing
1608off_41 41
8/2/16 10:47 AM
multiples early in the sequence. These led

to improved removal of predictable noise
from the data and subsequently allowed for
improved velocity analysis and migration.
Residual multiples were removed with taup deconvolution and radon. Diffraction and
out-of-plane events were suppressed in the
f-t domain with coherency amplitude threshold filtering. Automatic velocity analysis provided smooth, continuous velocity models
that conform to geology. The subsequent
residual normal moveout can improve the
fine definition of faults and enhance horizon
continuity. Key to the imaging was the emphasis on keeping the processing sequence
for each vintage as similar as possible, in order to keep to a minimum any differences in
the final data that may be attributable to the
sequence. However, in some areas, it was appropriate to apply different techniques; for
instance, tau-p deconvolution methods were

utilized in shallow-water areas to remove
persistent short period multiples, but this
process is not effective in deep water.
Final phase matching

The final step in the processing flow was
merging final velocity models and imaging
stacks for all the datasets. A smooth 3D time
domain RMS model that ties on all the lines
can later be used as an initial model for future depth model building. For several vintages, zero phasing was difficult to achieve
pre-stack, so post-stack phase matching was
performed using a statistical method.
The most modern survey available was selected as the reference or base and, working
across the area survey by survey, all other
vintages were successively matched. Unmatched data was loaded into the interpreta-
tion software for additional mistie analysis.

To achieve a level of statistical robustness,
all intersections were examined and average
values for matching vintages together were
computed. Average phase and static shifts
were computed and applied to each survey in
turn. The result is a contiguous dataset consisting of multiple vintages that was not available previously in this frontier basin.
Geological benefits
of re-processing
The re-processed data has significantly enhanced quality and interpretability throughout
the section, which in turn has identified many
geological features with potential hydrocarbon interest. The result is better signal-tonoise ratio and clearly removed multiples. In
the shallow shelf section this enables better
distinction of structures and sedimentological
features. Improved imaging of continuous reflectors and structural geometries has yielded
improved definition of faults and salt diapirism. Indeed, both salt walls and salt rafts are
imaged for the first time in this area. Deeper
structures are better resolved, giving a more
comprehensive understanding of the basins
geological evolution and history as well as prospectivity of the area at source rock level.
Conclusions
As before, the panel on the left shows typical wavelet shape as recorded from left to right. Compare
to the panel on the right, which shows the same wavelets after all final phase matching is complete.
Note how wavelet shape is very similar for all source types after matching.
Lines from 71CF and Marconi surveys before/after final matching. Note how shift at intersection
point is resolved and how correlation of the two datasets improves after survey matching.
Improved imaging leading to new interpretation. PSTM stack image from original processing of
ECORS line (1984) (left) and from re-processed line (2015) (right). Note improved removal of strong
multiples in shallow section in re-processing effort.
Applying modern processing techniques to

data acquired decades ago can produce stark
improvements in imaging. However, these improvements require particular care in understanding the seismic source signal. Once this
is correctly managed, a modern processing
sequence which focuses on noise and multiple
removal is particularly successful in enhancing the data, providing a consistent and coherent dataset. These techniques often remain
the only method of obtaining enhanced data
in areas now subject to strict environmental
laws. In the Bay of Biscay, this has revealed
new insights into the structures, plays and exciting hydrocarbon prospectivity of this basin.
The reprocessed data is a tool for planning
new acquisition and identifying new areas for
exploration.
References
Wood, L. C., Heiser, R. C., Treitel, S. and P. L. Riley,
1978, The Debubbling of Marine Seismic Sources:
Geophysics, 43, 715-729.
Safar, M.H.,1984, On the S80 and P400 water guns:
a performance comparison: First Break, 2, no. 2,
20-24
Gray, S. H., 2014, Seismic imaging and inversion:
What are we doing, how are we doing, and where
are we going? 84th Annual International Meeting,
SEG, Expanded Abstracts, 44164420.
Jammes, S., Manatschal, G., and Lavier, L., 2010,
Interaction between prerift salt and detachment
faulting in hyperextended rift systems: The example
of the Parentis and Maulon basins (Bay of Biscay
and western Pyrenees). AAPG Bulletin 94, no.
957-975
1608off_42 42
8/2/16 10:47 AM
To download the full survey free of charge, please visit our website: www.offshore-mag.com
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400 (2.25ID)
350 (2.69 ID)
300 (2.813ID)
N/A 425 (2.69ID)

400 (2.813ID)
375 (3.25ID) 340
(3.75ID)
N/A, N/A, 525

(2.813ID), 425
(3.25ID), 400
(3.75ID)
DrilTech LLC Brad Vincent - 248 Rousseau Road, Youngsville, LA 70592, (337) 837-1219, brad.vincent@driltech.net
Positive Pulse MWD Probe
Based
2-7/8-8.0
18-25
60/30 (Approximate,
Connection dependent)
GE Oil & Gas Chau Nguyen - 4424 W. Sam Houston Parkway N. 10th Floor, Houston, TX 77041, (713) 458 3629, chau.nguyen@ge.com
Pilot
Tensor
Directional Electro-Trac
EM MWD
Gyrodata
4 3/4, 6 1/2, 6
3/4, 7 3/4
25.5 (adjusted to Monel

length)
collar limited
Mark Miller 23000 Northwest Lake Drive Houston, TX 77095 (281) 213-6300 markm@gyrodata.com
Gyrodata Positive Pulse

MWD
3-1/2, 4-3/4, 5-1/4,

6-1/2, 6-3/4, 8-1/4,
9-1/2
23
Collar limited
N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A, 3 1/2 = 86-170, 4 3/4 =

N/A, 600 (3.75ID)
106-358, 5 1/4 = 106-358,
6 1/2 = 179-475, 6 3/4 =179
-701, 8 1/4 = 419-800, 9 1/2
= 419-1,232
1608off_43 43
8/2/16 10:47 AM
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2016 MWD/LWD Services Directory

Retrievable MWD
3-1/2, 4-3/4, 5-1/4,

6-1/2, 6-3/4, 8-1/4,
9-1/2
18
Collar limited
Collar-defined
150
20
400 (2.25ID)
350 (2.69 ID)
300 (2.813ID)
N/A 425 (2.69ID)

400 (2.813ID)
375 (3.25ID) 340
(3.75ID)
N/A N/A 525

(2.813ID) 425
(3.25ID) 400
(3.75ID)
N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A, 3 1/2 = 80-170, 4 3/4 = 100N/A, 600 (3.75ID
400, 5 1/4 = 100-400, 6 1/2
= 120-475, 6 3/4 =120-701,
8 1/4 = 400-800, 9 1/2 =
400-1,300
GWD90
3-3/4, 4-3/4, 5-1/4,

6-1/2, 6-3/4, 8-1/4,
9-1/2
48
Collar limited
Collar-defined
150
20
500 (2.25ID)
400 (2.688
ID) 350 (2.81
25ID)
N/A 475 (2.69ID)

45 (2.813 ID) 400
(3.25 ID)
N/A N/A 550 (2

813ID) 450
(3.25ID) 425
(3.75ID)
N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A, 3 3/4 = 80-150, 4 3/4 = 106N/A, 600 (3.75ID
358, 5 1/4 =106-358, 6 1/2
=179-450, 6 3/4 =179-701,
8 1/4 =419-800, 9 1/2 =
419-1,232
Directional EM MWD
3-1/2, 4-3/4, 5-1/4,

6-1/2, 6-3/4, 7-3/4
25.5 (adjusted to Monel

length)
Collar limited
Collar-defined
150
20
25
100
100
100
50-1,200
(3 1/2) 171, (4 3/4)

139, (6 1/2) 40
(4 3/4) 400, (6
1/2) 150
N/A
N/A
Halliburton/Sperry Drilling Billy Hendricks - P.O. Box 60070, Houston, Texas 77205, (281) 871-5396, billy.hendricks@halliburton.com
Electromagnetic Telemetry
System
3 1/2, 4 3/4, 6 1/2
(3 1/2) 33.9, (4 3/4) 33.5,

(6 1/2) 35.6 (t)
35/14
(3 1/2 flex) 2.9x1.5, (4 3/4 flex)

4.06x2.25, (6 1/2 flex) 4.63x2.81
150
15
Negative Pulse Telemetry

System
6 3/4, 8, 9 1/2
9.2
(6 3/4) 21/10, (8, 9 1/2) 14/8
(6 3/4) 6.54x2.81, (8) 7.76x2.81, (9

1/2) 9.35x3
150
18 std., 25
opt.
3 3/8, 3 1/2, 4 3/4, (3 3/8, 3 1/2) 21, (4 3/4 - 9

(3 3/8 - 4 3/4) 30/14, (6
6 1/2, 6 3/4, 7 1/4,
1/2) 26
1/2 - 7 1/4) 21/10, (7 3/4 - 9
8, 9 1/2
1/2) 14/8
(3 3/8) 3.21x1.5, (3 1/2) 3.35x1.5,

(4 3/4) 4.66x2.25, (6 1/2 - 9 1/2)
Equivalent to a standard NMDC
150 std.
175 opt.
20, 22.5,
25, 30
(3 3/8, 3 1/2)
120 at 150
gal/min
TBD
Positive Pulse Telemetry

System
(6 3/4, 8) 17, (9 1/2) 4 (6 3/4, 8) 31, (9 1/2) 7 (6 3/4, 8) 182, (9 1/2) 36

(4 3/4) 140
170
Quasar Pulse
4 3/4, 6 3/4
(4 3/4) 26.9, (6 3/4) 25.2
(4 3/4) 30/14, (6 3/4) 21/10
(4 3/4) 4.65x2.25, (6 3/4)

6.36x2.81
200
25
MWD Gyro
6 3/4, 8, 9 1/2
25.8
(6 3/4) 21/10, (8) 14/8, (9

1/2) 14/8
Equivalent to standard NMDC
150
20
(4 3/4) 36 at 350 gpm (6 3/4) 74 at 500 gpm
150
20
40
80
150
(x)
380
(3 3/8, 3 1/2) 90-200, (4

3/4) 150-350, (6 1/2 -9 1/2)
225-650, (7 1/4 - 9 1/2)
400-1,500
N/A
(4 3/4) 150-350, (6 3/4)

225-650
(6 3/4, 8) 17, (9 1/2) 4 (6 3/4, 8) 31, (9 1/2) 7 (6 3/4, 8) 182, (9 1/2) 36
225-1,500
MWD Services LLC. Clyde Cormier - P O Box 750, or 219 Griffin Rd, Youngsville, LA 70592, (337) 856-5965, ccormier@mwdsi.com
MWD Shuttle
1 7/8 tool OD, 3

1/8 - 9 1/2
22.7 w/single battery, 29.1

w/dual battery
60/30
75-1,000
Ryan Directional Services Steve Krase - 19510 Oil Center Blvd., Houston, TX 77073, (281) 443-1414, steve.krase@nabors.com
Ryan EM
4 3/4, 6.5, 6 3/4
34
Ryan Pulse MWD
3 1/8, 4 3/4, 6.5, 6

3/4, 8, 9.5
20-30
(4 3/4) 75 / 20(6 3/4)

28/11
Navigate AccuPulse
4 3/4, 6 1/2, 8
(4 3/4) 10, (6 1/2, 8) 10
As applicable to standard
NMDC
Navigate AccuWave
(EMMWD)
4 3/4, 6 1/2, 8
(4 3/4) 10, (6 1/2, 8) 10
NMDC
DynaForce Flex Shale

Drilling Motor
Depends on the Power

sections to be used. Bit
box to fix bend: 3.5ft
As per motor specification for

bend setting
PowerDrive X6 Rotary
Steerable Tool
4 3/4 , 6 3/4 ,
8 1/4 , 9, 11
(4 3/4) 13.65, (6 3/4)

13.47, (8 1/4) 13.84, (9)
14.07, (11) 15.22
(4 3/4) 30/10, (6 3/4) 16/8, (8

1/4) 12/6, (9) 10/5, (11) 8/4
PowerDrive Orbit Rotary

Steerable Tool
4 3/4 , 6 3/4 , 9
(4 3/4) 13.50, (6 3/4)

13.53, (9) 14.00
(4 3/4) 4.75x2.81 (6 3/4) 6.71x3.25
175
20K PSI
(137 mpa)
47
153
450
(4 3/4) 100-350 (6 3/4)

150-800
175
20K PSI
(137 mpa)
47
153
450
(3 1/8) 50-175 (4 3/4) 100350 (6 3/4) 150-800 (8) 400925 (9 1/2) 400-1,200
175
20K PSI
(137 mpa)
N/A
60
125
N/A
225-1,000
175
20
N/A
60
125
N/A
225-1,000
175
30
Dependent on
specific model
(475) 11.5; (675) 14.7; (900) 15.0;

(1100) 18.0
150 std.,
175 opt.
20 std,
35 opt
Depends Mud Depends Mud Design Depends Mud Design

Design and Tool
and Tool Sizes
and Tool Sizes
Sizes
Depends Mud Design

and Tool Sizes
100-2,000
(4 3/4) 30/10, (6 3/4) 16/8,

(9) 10/5
(475) 11.5; (675) 14.7; (900) 15.0
150 std.,
175 opt.
20 std,
35 opt

Design and Tool
and Tool Sizes
and Tool Sizes
Sizes
Depends Mud Design

and Tool Sizes
100-2,000
(675) 14.7
200
30
N/A
275-800
150
20

Design and Tool
and Tool Sizes
and Tool Sizes
Sizes
Depends Mud Design

and Tool Sizes
220-650
(675) 31.0; (900) 35.9
150
20

Design and Tool
and Tool Sizes
and Tool Sizes
Sizes
Depends Mud Design

and Tool Sizes
290-1,800
(475) 11.5; (675) 14.7; (900) 15.0;

(1100) 18.0
150 std.,
175 opt.
20 std,
35 opt

Design and Tool
and Tool Sizes
and Tool Sizes
Sizes
Depends Mud Design

and Tool Sizes
100-2,000
150 std.,
175 opt.
20 std,
35 opt

Design and Tool
and Tool Sizes
and Tool Sizes
Sizes
Depends Mud Design

and Tool Sizes
100-2,000
175
30
Dependent on
specific model
Dependent on specific Dependent on specific Dependent on specific

model
model
model
125-325 (4 3/4), 300-650

(6 3/4), 300-900 (8), 6001,200 (9 5/8)
175
30
Dependent on
specific model

model
model
model
125-325 (4 3/4), 300-600

(6 3/4 and 7), 300-900 (8),
600-1,200 (9 5/8), 8001,800 (11 1/4)
(3 1/8) 100/ 50 (4 3/4)

(3 1/8) 2.96x2.25 (4 3/4) 4.75x2.81
40 / 15 (6 3/4) 28/11 (8) (6 3/4) 6.71x3.25 (8) 7.93x4.00 (9.5)
15/9 (9.5) 8/ 5
9.42x4.00
Schlumberger
PowerDrive ICE ultraHT

Rotary Steerable Tool
6 3/4
(6 3/4) 34.26
(6 3/4) 16
PowerDrive Archer Rotary

Steerable Tool
4 3/4, 6 3/4
(4 3/4) 14.98, (6 3/4)

16.64
Capability (/100 ft) : (4 3/4, 6

3/4) 18 Pass Through (/100
ft): (6 3/4), >15 Based on
fatigue management
Power Drive Xceed Rotary

Steerable Tool
6 3/4, 9
(6 3/4) 25, (9) 28
(6 3/4) 15/8, (9) 12/6.5
PowerV Vertical drilling

Rotary Steerable Tool
PowerDrive vorteX
PowerPak ERT high

performance positive
displacement motors
4 3/4 , 6 3/4 , 8 1/4 13.5-34.26 Depends on the (4 3/4) 30/10, (6 3/4) 16/8, (8
, 9, 11
Configuration
1/4) 12/6, (9) 12/6.5, (11) 8/4
4 3/4 , 6 3/4 , 8 1/4
, 9, 11
Depends on the
Configuration (Power
Section)
(4 3/4) 30/10, (6 3/4) 16/8,

(8 1/4) 12/6, (9) 12/6.5,
(11) 8/4
4 3/4, 6 3/4, 8, 9 5/8 17.3 (4 3/4), 16.3 (6 3/4), As per motor specification for
30.2 (8), 30 (9 5/8)
bend setting
PowerPak HR higher torque 4 3/4, 6 3/4,7, 8, 9

positive displacement
5/8, 11 1/4
motors
Dependent on specific
model
As per motor specification for

bend setting
N/A

model
model
model
Depends Mud Design Depends Mud Design

and Tool Sizes
and Tool Sizes
200 - 800
ImPulse
4.75
32
30/15
4.75x2.25x38.5
150 std., 20 std., 27.5

175 opt.
opt.
N/A
125 (varies with

Modulator gap)
N/A
N/A
130-400
ShortPulse
4.75
27.3
30/15
4.75x2.25x34.8 -OR4.59x2.25x30.3
150 std.,
175 opt.
N/A
125 (varies with

Modulator gap)
N/A
N/A
130-400
DigiScope
4.75
29.9
30/15
30.7 (9.4) of 4.75 OD x 2.25 ID

API collar
150 std.
N/A
N/A
150-400
TeleScope
6 3/4, 8 1/4, 9, 9 1/2
24.7
TeleScope ICE
4 3/4
31.9
30/15
31.9 (9.7) of 4.75 OD x 2.25 ID

API collar
200 std.
30 std.
TeleScope ICE
6 3/4
31.4
15/8
32.5 (9.9) of 6.75 OD x 2.81 ID

API collar
200 std.
30 std.
N/A
SlimPulse
1 3/4 tool OD 3 1/8

to 9 1/2 collars
Collar based probe

normally 30
(4 3/4 and smaller) 145/40

(6 3/4) 28/10 (8 1/4) 20/8 (9
1/2) 19/7
(4 3/4) 4.75x2.81x33 (6 3/4)

6.75x2.81x32
150 std.,
175 opt.
22
(4 3/4) 68 (6
3/4) 16
GyroPulse
6 3/4,8 1/4, 9, 9 1/2 (6 3/4) 16/8 (8 1/4) 12/7 (6 3/4) 6.75x2.81x31.5 (8 1/4) (8 1/4) 8.25x3.5x26.2 (9) 9x3.5x28 (9
(9, 9 1/2) 10/6
8x2.81x26.2 (9 1/4) 9.25x3x28
1/2) 9.5x3.5x26.2
(9 1/2) 9.5x3.5x26.2
150
25
N/A
(6 3/4) 16/8 (8 1/4) 12/7 (9,

(6 3/4) 6.75x2.81x 1.5 (8 1/4)
150 std.,
9 1/2) 10/6
8x2.81x26.2 (9 1/4) 9.25x3x28 (9 1/2) 175 opt.
9.5x3.5x26.2
20
25 std., 30 75 (varies with 115 (varies with Mud

opt.
Mud weight and weight and Modulator
Modulator gap)
gap)
25 std., 30
opt.
N/A
(6 3/4) 56 (8 1/4) 32 (6 3/4) 151 (8 1/4, 9 (8 1/4, 9 1/2) 595 (varies (6 3/4) 250-800 (8 1/4) 300(varies with modulator 1/2) 84 (varies with
with modulator gap) 1,200 (8 1/4) opt. 800-1,400
gap)
modulator gap)
(9 1/2) 400-2,000 (9 1/2)
opt. 400-1,600
75 (varies with 115 (varies with Mud 200 (varies with Mud
Mud weight and weight and Modulator weight and Modulator
Modulator gap)
gap)
gap)
N/A
115 (varies with Mud 200 (varies with Mud 300 (varies with Mud
weight and Modulator weight and Modulator weight and Modulator
gap)
gap)
gap)
(6 3/4) 100 (8 1/4) 18 (6 3/4) 324 (8 1/4, 9
1/2) 58
N/A
150-400
275-800
(8 1/4, 9 1/2) 411
Multiple configurations:
35-1,200
26
(6 3/4) 250-800 (8 1/4) 3001,200 (8 1/4) opt. 800-1,400

(9 1/2) 400-2,000 (9 1/2)
opt. 400-1,600
1608off_44 44
8/2/16 10:47 AM
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Flo
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Pre
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Weatherford DD/RSS Neil Bird - 15710 John F. Kennedy Blvd., Houston, TX 77032, (neil.bird@weatherford.com)
Weatherford M/LWD Rebecca Nye - 15710 John F. Kennedy Blvd., Houston, TX 77032, (rebecca.nye@weatherford.com)
Revolution 950 rotary
steerable system (Core,
Heat, V)
OD: 9.50 ID: 2.75
24.89
149 Core, 25 Core, V,

V 175
30 Heat
Heat
20
35
55
N/A
1,800

Heat, V)
OD: 8.25 ID: 2.75
17.8
7.5
149 Core, V 25 Core, V

175 Heat
30 Heat
20
35
55
N/A
1,500

steerable system (16)
OD: 6.75 ID: 2.0
20.18
16
20
35
55
N/A
750

Heat, V)
OD: 6.75 ID: 2.0
14.8
10

175 Heat
30 Heat
20
35
55
N/A
750

Heat, V)
OD: 4.75 ID: 1.25
12.9
10

175 Heat
30 Heat
20
35
55
N/A
350

steerable system (SRT)
OD: 4.75 ID: 1.25
63.94
3 rotating to 12 sliding
165
operating
30
150-360

OD: 6.50 ID: 2.00
64.5
165
operating
30
200-500

OD: 6.75 ID: 2.00
64.99
165
operating
30
200-600

OD: 8.25 ID: 2.75
65.42
165
operating
30
EMpulse (Electromagnetic
MWD)
All sizes
150
15
HEL (Hostile Environment

Logging)
4-3/4, 6-3/4, 8,
8-1/4, 9-1/2
EMpulse HEL
(Electromagnetic Hostile
Environment Logging)
149 std.
175 opt.
(3 1/16) 28.4, (4 3/4) 33.1, (3 1/6) 116/38, (4 3/4) 25/16, (3-1/16) 3.06x2.16, (3-3/8) 3.38x2.16,
(6 3/4) 34.8, (8) 35.4, (9 (6 1/4) 20/14, (6 3/4) 18/13, (4-3/4) 4.53x2.25, (6-3/4) 6.59x2.81,
1/2) 36.4
(8) 15/10, (9 1/2) 14/7.5
(8) 7.78x2.81, (9-1/2) 9.69x3
25
300-900
(3 1/16, 3 3/8, 3
1/2) 50
(3 1/16, 3 3/8, 3
1/2) 100; (4 3/4) 8;
(6 1/4) 9
(4 3/4) 20; (6 1/4) 25, (6 3/4, 8) 20; (9.5) 13 (3 1/16, 3 3/8, 3 1/2) 160; (4
(6 3/4, 8) 7; (9.5) 4
3/4, 6 1/4) 350; (6 3/4) 800;
(8, 9 1/2) 1,200
(4-3/4) 19.5, (6-3/4) 19.7, (4-3/4) 30/15, (6-3/4), 16/8,

(8-1/4) 20.0, (9-1/2) 20.0 (8, 8-1/4) 14/7, (9-1/2) 12/6
(4-3/4) 4.75x3.22, (6-3/4) 6.75x4.20,

(8-1/4) 8.25x5.17, (9-1/2) 9.50x5.16
150 std.
180 opt.
(4.75, 6.75, (4 3/4) 12, (6 (4 3/4) 64, (6 3/4, 8) 9, (6 3/4, 8) 26, (8 1/4,
8) 20 std., 3/4, 8) 2, (8 1/4,
(8 1/4, 9-1/2) 2
9 1/2) 2
30 opt.
9-1/2) 1
(8.25, 9.5)
20 std., 25
opt.
4-3/4, 6-3/4
(4-3/4) 19.5, (6-3/4) 19.7
(4-3/4) 4.75x3.22, (6-3/4) 6.75x4.20
150 std.
(4.75, 6.75)
20 std.
(4 3/4) 12, (6
3/4, 8) 2
(4 3/4) 64, (6 3/4, 8) 9
HyperPulse MWD (Positive

Pulse MWD)
All sizes
31
150
15
(3 1/16, 3 3/8, 3
1/2) 50
(3 1/16, 3 3/8, 3
1/2) 100; (4 3/4) 8;
(6 1/4) 9
TrendLine
6-1/2, 6-3/4, 8-1/4,

9-1/2
Dependent on drill collar

length - 26 minimum
(6-3/4) 8/16, (8-1/4) 7/14,

(9-1/2) 6/12
150
20
100
140
29*
Collar-limited
Collar-defined
150 and
175
20 and 25
59 (2 pcs.)*
Collar-limited
Collar-defined
150 and
175
20 and 25
24, 12 (4 3/4) 14,10 (6 3/4)

10, 8 (8)
150
20
150
20
(4-3/4) 30/15, (6-3/4), 16/8
(3 1/6) 116/38, (4 3/4) 25/16, (4-3/4) 4.75x2.69, (6-1/4) 6.25x3.25,

(6 1/4) 20/14, (6 3/4) 18/13,
(6-3/4) 6.75x3.25
(8) 15/10, (9 1/2) 14/7.5
(8-1/4, 9-1/2) 33
(6 3/4, 8) 26
(4 3/4) 80-350; (6 3/4,

8) 80-700; (8 1/4, 9 1/2)
80-1,600
(4 3/4) 80-350; (6 3/4,

8) 80-700
(4 3/4) 20; (6 1/4) 25, (6 3/4, 8) 20; (9.5) 13 (3 1/16, 3 3/8, 3 1/2) 160; (4
(6 3/4, 8) 7; (9.5) 4
3/4, 6 1/4) 350; (6 3/4) 800;
(8, 9 1/2) 1,200
200
(6-1/2, 6 3/4) 80-700; (8 1/4,

9 1/2) 80-1,600
Drilling Mechanics

+ VMM + PWD
6 1/4, 6 3/4, 8,
9 1/2+
APS SureShot Gamma
+ VMM + PWD + WPR
Propagation Resistivity
3 1/2, 4 3/4, 6 3/4, 8
Drilling Dynamics Monitor

(DDM)
4 3/4, 6 3/4, 8
Vibration Memory Sub

(VMS)
4 3/4, 6 3/4, 8
5.5
Magnetorheological Active
Vibration Damper (AVD) 6.75
6.75
32
10
150
20
Magnetorheological Active
Vibration Damper (AVD) 9.5
9.5
32
10
150
20
4-3/4, 6-3/4,8-1/4
16.1 (4-3/4) 17.6 (6-3/4)

18.2 (8-1/4)
150
20, 25
(4-3/4
option)
30 (6-3/4
and 8-1/4
option)
(3 1/2) 29, (4 (3 1/2) 165, (4 3/4 - 6 (6 1/2 - 6 3/4) 114, (8)

3/4 - 6 3/4) 6, (8) 3/4) 40, (8) 20, (9
61, (9 1/2) 32
3, (9 1/2) 2
1/2) 10
(9 1/2) 225
(3 1/8, 3 1/2) 70-250 (4 3/4)

150-350 (6 1/4, 6 3/4) 150750 (8) 300-1,100 (9 1/2+)
650-1,200
(3 1/2) 150 max. (3 3/4)

200 max. (4 3/4) 350
max. (6 3/4) 700 max. (8)
1,200 max.
Application
Specific
N/A
See OnTrak
Baker Hughes
LithoTrak bulk density &
neutron prosity w/acoustic
caliper
AutoTrak eXpress rotary 4-3/4, 6-3/4, 9-1/2

steerable AutoTrak V vertical
rotary steerable
BHA Dependent

4-3/4, 6-3/4,8-1/4 31.3 (4-3/4 OnTrak) 27.7
resistivity OnTrak integrated (OnTrak only) 9-1/2
(6-3/4 OnTrak) 30.7
formation evaluation
(OnTrak only)
(8-1/4 OnTrak) 30.2
(9-1/2 OnTrak) 44.6 (4-3/4
AziTrak) 32.8 (6-3/4
AziTrak)
NaviTrak TeleTrak
3-1/8 (NaviTrak
only), 4-3/4,
6-1/2, 6-3/4, 8-1/4
(NaviTrak only)
9-1/2 (NaviTrak
only)
BHA Dependent
4.82 x 1.870 (4-3/4) 6.87 x 2.000

(6-3/4) 8.25 x 2.813 (8-1/4)
BHA Dependent
BHA Dependent
150, 175
20, 25
(optional (option), 30
AutoTrak V (option)
6-3/4 and
9-1/2)
Application
Specific
125-350 (4-3/4) 200-900

(6-3/4) 300-1,600 (9-1/2)
BHA Dependent
BHA Dependent
150, 175 25 (4-3/4,

(optional 6-3/4, 8-1/4,
OnTrak
9-1/2) 30
4-3/4,
(optional
6-3/4 and OnTrak 4-3/4
9-1/2)
and 6-3/4)
Application
Specific
125-350 (4-3/4) 200-900

(6-3/4) 300-1,295 (8-1/4)
300- 1,600 (9-1/2)
BHA Dependent
BHA Dependent
150
20
Application
Specific
As per directional tool

specification
150
20, 25
(option)
Application
Specific
0 -350 (4-3/4) 0-800 (6-3/4)

0-1,600 (8-1/4)
150
14.5
Application
Specific
N/A
N/A
N/A
0 -80 (2-3/9) 0-210 (3)
CoPilot drilling dynamics
4-3/4, 6-3/4, 8-1/4, 8.9 (4-3/4) 7.0 (6-3/4) 8.1

9-1/2
(8-1/4) 7.5 (9-1/2)
CoilTrak DP drilling
performance UltraSlim DP
drilling performance
2-3/8, 3 (CoilTrak)
3-1/8
50 (2-3/8) 45 (3) *sliding only
Sentinel, Shock and

Vibration
3-1/2 - 9 1/2
Part of E-Link & Geolink

MWD
As per Geolink MWD
As per Geolink MWD
150
20
As per Geolink
MWD
As per Geolink MWD
As per Geolink MWD
As per Geolink MWD
As per Geolink MWD
Guardian, Pressure During

Drilling
4 3/4 - 9 1/2
Additional 4 ft sub to
Geolink or E-Link MWD
As per Geolink MWD
As per Geolink MWD
150
20
As per Geolink
MWD
As per Geolink MWD
As per Geolink MWD
As per Geolink MWD
As per Geolink MWD
6 3/4, 8
(6 3/4) 6, (8) 7.7
(6 3/4) 21/10, (8) 14/8
(6 3/4) 6.45x2.81, (8) 7.81x2.81
150
18
(6 3/4) 3, (8) 4
(6 3/4) 10, (8) 12
(6 3/4) 57, (8) 73
GE Oil & Gas
Halliburton/Sperry Drilling
AcoustiCaliper
Drillstring Dynamics
Quasar Pulse - Drillstring
Dynamics
4 3/4, 6 3/4, 8, 9 1/2 Part of some dual gamma

ray tools, see below
4 3/4, 6 3/4
(4 3/4) 26.9, (6 3/4) 25.2
150
(4 3/4) 30/14, (6 3/4) 21/10
(4 3/4) 4.65x2.25, (6 3/4)

6.36x2.81
200
25
TBD
(4 3/4) 36 at 350 gpm (6 3/4) 74 at 500 gpm
N/A
(4 3/4) 150-350, (6 3/4)

225-650
1608off_45 45
8/2/16 10:47 AM
Pressure While Drilling
4 3/4, 6 3/4, 8, 9 1/2
(4 3/4) 10.8, (6 3/4, 8)

4.51, (9 1/2) 4.45
(4 3/4) 30/14, (6 3/4) 21/10,

(8, 9 1/2) 14/8
(4 3/4) 4.66x2.25, (6 3/4) 6.54x2.81,

(8) 7.76x2.81, (9 1/2) 9.35x3
175
18 - 25
Quasar Pulse - Pressure

While Drilling
4 3/4, 6 3/4
(4 3/4) 26.9, (6 3/4) 25.2
(4 3/4) 30/14, (6 3/4) 21/10
(4 3/4) 4.65x2.25, (6 3/4)

6.36x2.81
200
25
Vibration Severity
4 3/4, 6 3/4, 8, 9 1/2
Part of pressure-whiledrilling tool (see above) as

well as some other tools
25.3 (part of EWR-M5 tool)
Annular Mud Temperature

Drilling Downhole
Optimization Collar
(DrillDOC)
4 3/4, 6 3/4, 8, 9 1/2 (4 3/4) 8.1, (6 3/4, 8) 7.3,

(9 1/2) 7.2
ga
l/m
in
Flo
wr
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Pre
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1,2 ure
00 dro
ga p, p
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Pre
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45 sure
0 g dr
al/ op
mi , p
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Pre
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25 sure
0 g dr
al/ op,
mi ps
n
ia
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Ma
x.
op
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tur
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Ma
C
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op
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Pre
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10 sure
0 g dr
al/ op
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Eq
uiv
ale
nt
be
nd
ing
Ma
x.
(sl DLS
idi ,
ng
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tat ft
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ft
Le
ng
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ol
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.
Se
rvi
ce
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sti
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es
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(4 3/4) 70, (6 3/4, 8) 2, (4 3/4) 190, (6 3/4, 8) (6 3/4, 8) 42, (9 1/2) 14

(9 1/2) 1
7, (9 1/2) 2
TBD
(4 3/4) 36 at 350 gpm (6 3/4) 74 at 500 gpm
N/A
(4 3/4) 150-350, (6 3/4)

225-650
175
14/8
7.65 x 2.81
150
25
13
75
(4 3/4) 30/14, (6 3/4) 21/10,

(8, 9 1/2) 14/8
(4 3/4) 4.86x2.25, (6 3/4) 6.63x2.81,

(8) 7.79x2.81, (9 1/2) 9.22x3.00
175
(4 3/4) 30,
(6 3/4, 8, 9
1/2) 25
(4 3/4) 52 ,(6 3/4) 4,

(8, 9 1/2) 2
(4 3/4) 142, (6 3/4)

11, (8, 9 1/2) 4
(6 3/4) 59, (8, 9 1/2) 22
Schlumberger
ImPulse *Downhole shocks
*Downhole flow/washout
*APWD (with VisionPWD
sub)
4.75
32
30/15
4.75x2.25x38.5
ShortPulse *Downhole
shocks *Downhole flow/
washout *APWD (with
VisionPWD sub)
4.75
27.3
30/15
VisionPWD *APWD *IPWD
4.75
13.6
DigiScope *Internal &

Annular Pressure While
Drilling (built in)*3 axis
Shocks & Vibrations
4.75
29.9
TeleScope ICE *Internal

& Annular Pressure While
Drilling (built in) *3 axis
Shocks & Vibrations
4 3/4
TeleScope ICE *Internal

& Annular Pressure While
Drilling (built in) *3 axis
Shocks & Vibrations
6 3/4
TeleScope *APWD *3 axis 6 3/4, 8 1/4, 9, 9 1/2

vibrations (MVC) *Downhole
WOB *Downhole TORQ
150 std., 20 std., 27.5

175 opt.
opt.
20
125 (varies with

Modulator gap)
N/A
N/A
130-400
4.75x2.25x34.8 -OR- 4.59x2.25x30.3
150 std.,
175 opt.
20
20
125 (varies with

Modulator gap)
N/A
N/A
130-400
30/15
4.75x2.25x38.5
150 std.,
175 opt.
25
29
N/A
N/A
0-400
30/15
30.7 (9.4) of 4.75 OD x 2.25 ID

API collar
150 std.
N/A
N/A
150-400
31.9
30/15
31.9 (9.7) of 4.75 OD x 2.25 ID

API collar
200 std.
30 std.
N/A
150-400
31.4
15/8
32.5 (9.9) of 6.75 OD x 2.81 ID

API collar
200 std.
30 std.
N/A
gap)
gap)
gap)
25 std., 30
opt.
N/A
gap)
modulator gap)
(9 1/2) 400-2,000 (9 1/2)
opt. 400-1,600
24.7
(6 3/4) 16/8 (8 1/4) 12/7 (9,

(6 3/4) 6.75x2.81x 1.5 (8 1/4)
150 std.,
9 1/2) 10/6
8x2.81x26.2 (9 1/4) 9.25x3x28 (9 1/2) 175 opt.
9.5x3.5x26.2

opt.
Modulator gap)
gap)
Modulator gap)
gap)
gap)
275-800
SlimPulse *Shocks
*Stick Slip
1 3/4 tool OD 3 1/8

to 9 1/2 collars
Collar based probe

normally 30
(4 3/4 and smaller) 145/40

(6 3/4) 28/10 (8 1/4) 20/8 (9
1/2) 19/7
(4 3/4) 4.75x2.81x33 (6 3/4)

6.75x2.81x32
150 std.,
175 opt.
22
(4 3/4) 68, (6
3/4) 16
(6 3/4) 100, (8 3/4) 18
(6 3/4) 324, (8 3/4,

9 3/4) 58
(8 3/4, 9 3/4) 411
35-1,200
EcoScope *APWD dynamic

and static *Multi-axis
shock & vibration (MVC)
*Ultrasonic caliper (UCAL)
*Density caliper (DCAL)
6 3/4 with 7 7/8,

8 1/4, or 9 3/8
Stabilizer Options
25.2
16/8
6.5x2.81x24.5
150 std.
175 opt.
20 std., 25
opt.
10
32
N/A
250-800
NeoScope *APWD dynamic

and static *Multi-axis
shock & vibration (MVC)
*Ultrasonic caliper (UCAL)
6 3/4 with 8 1/4

stabilizer
25.2
16/8
6.5x2.81x24.5
150 std.
175 opt.
20 std., 25
opt.
10
32
N/A
250-800
proVISION Plus (Magnetic 6 3/4 with Slick, 7

Resonance while Drilling) 3/4, 8 1/4, or 9 5/8
*3 axis motion detection
Stabilizer Options
*Shocks *Stick Slip
37.3
16/8
6.5x2.81x36.5
150
20 std, 22
opt.
2.7
17.4
56
N/A
300-800
proVISION Plus (Magnetic

Resonance while Drilling)
*Shocks *Stick Slip
38.47
14/7
150
20 std, 22
opt.
6.35
20.6
146
300-1,200
(4-3/4) 4.75x3.22, (6-3/4) 6.75x4.24,

(8-1/4) 8x4.28, (9-1/2) 9.5x5.16
150 std.
180 opt.
(4.75, 6.75)
20 std., 30
opt. (8.25,
9.5) 20 std.,
25 opt.
(6 3/4) 26, (8 1/4,

9 1/2) 2
(8-1/4, 9-1/2) 33
(4 3/4) 80-350; (6 3/4)

80-700; (8 1/4, 9 1/2)
80-1,600
8 1/4 slick, 10 1/4,

10 3/8, 12 1/8
Stabalizer Options
Weatherford
BAP (Borehole/Annular
Pressure)
4-3/4, 6-3/4, 8-1/4, Added to HEL length (4-3/4) 30/15, (6-3/4), 16/8,
9-1/2
(4-3/4) 2.71, (6-3/4) 2.67, (8-1/4) 14/7, (9-1/2) 12/6
(8-1/4, 9-1/2) 2.67
(4 3/4) 12, (6 (4 3/4) 64, (6 3/4) 9, (8

3/4) 2, (8 1/4,
1/4, 9-1/2) 2
9-1/2) 1
TVM (True Vibration

Monitor)
4-3/4, 6-3/4, 8-1/4,

9-1/2
No additional Length
N/A, Electronic Boards
150 std.
180 opt.
N/A,
Electronic
Boards
N/A, Electronic N/A, Electronic Boards N/A, Electronic Boards N/A, Electronic Boards
Boards
RAT (Rapid Annular

Temperature)
4-3/4, 6-3/4, 8-1/4,

9-1/2
No additional Length
N/A, External Sensor
150 std.
180 opt.
(4-3/4,
6-3/4,) 20
std., 30 opt.
(8.25, 9.5)
20 std., 25
opt.
EMpulse MWD Annulus

Pressure
All Sizes
31
(3 1/6) 116/38, (4 3/4) 25/16,

(6 1/4) 20/14, (6 3/4) 18/13,
(8) 15/10, (9 1/2) 14/7.5
(4 3/4) 4.53 x 2.25, (6 1/4) 6.09

x 2.25), (6 3/4) 6.59 x 2.81, (8)
7.78 x 2.81
150
15
N/A, Additional N/A, Additional Sonde N/A, Additional Sonde N/A, Additional Sonde (3 1/16, 3 3/8, 3 1/2) 160; (4
Sonde
3/4, 6 1/4) 350; (6 3/4) 800;
(8, 9 1/2) 1,200
MWD TVMS (Total Vibration

Monitoring Sonde)
All sizes
31
(3 1/6) 116/38, (4 3/4) 25/16, (4 3/4) 4.75x2.69, (6 1/4) 6.25x3.25,

(6 1/4) 20/14, (6 3/4) 18/13,
(6 3/4) 6.75x3.25
(8) 15/10, (9 1/2) 14/7.5
150
15
Sonde
3/4, 6 1/4) 350; (6 3/4) 800;
(8, 9 1/2) 1,200
N/A, External
Sensor
Gamma Ray

APS SureShot
3 1/8, 3 1/2, 4 3/4,

6 1/4, 6 3/4, 8,
9 1/2+
25*
Collar-limited
Collar-defined
150 and
175
20 and 25
(3 1/2) 27, (4 (3 1/2) 150, (4 3/4 - 6 (6 1/2 - 6 3/4) 114, (8)

3/4 - 6 3/4) 6, (8) 3/4) 35, (8) 20, (9
61, (9 1/2) 32
3, (9 1/2) 2
1/2) 10
(9 1/2) 220
(3 1/8, 3 1/2) 70-250 (4 3/4)

150-350 (6 1/4, 6 3/4) 150750 (8) 300-1,100 (9 1/2+)
650 - 1,200

6 1/4, 6 3/4, 8,
9 1/2+
29*
Collar-limited
Collar-defined
150 and
175
20 and 25
(3 1/2) 29, (4 (3 1/2) 165, (4 3/4 - 6 (6 1/2 - 6 3/4 114, (8)

3/4 - 6 3/4) 6, (8) 3/4) 40, (8) 20,(9
61, (9 1/2) 32
3, (9 1/2) 2
1/2) 10
(9 1/2) 225
(3 1/8, 3 1/2) 70-250 (4 3/4)

150-350 (6 1/4, 6 3/4) 150750 (8) 300-1,100 (9 1/2+)
650 - 1,200

WPR Propagation Resistivity
59 (2 pcs.)*
Collar-limited
Collar-defined
150 and
175
20 and 25
(3 1/2) 150 max. (3 3/4)

200 max. (4 3/4) 350
max. (6 3/4) 700 max. (8)
1,200 max.

PWD + WPR Propagation
Resistivity
59 (2 pcs.)*
Collar-limited
Collar-defined
150 and
175
20 and 25
(3 1/2) 150 max. (3 3/4)

200 max. (4 3/4) 350
max. (6 3/4) 700 max. (8)
1,200 max.
1608off_46 46
8/2/16 10:47 AM
ga
l/m
in
Flo
wr
an
ge
,
Pre
ss
1,2 ure
00 dro
ga p, p
l/m si
in at
Pre
s
45 sure
0 g dr
al/ op
mi , p
n si a
t
Pre
s
25 sure
0 g dr
al/ op,
mi ps
n
ia
t
Ma
x.
op
. te
mp
era
tur
e(
Ma
C
x.
)
op
.p
res
s,
kp
si
Pre
s
10 sure
0 g dr
al/ op
mi , p
n si a
t
Eq
uiv
ale
nt
be
nd
ing
Ma
x.
(sl DLS
idi ,
ng
, ro 100
tat ft
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ft
Le
ng
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To
ol
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.
Se
rvi
ce
lin
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)
sti
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es
s
APS SureLog-AGZ
(Azimuthal Gamma) 4.75
4.75
7.3
Collar-limited
Collar-defined
150 and
175
20
500 max.
APS SureLog-AGZ
(Azimuthal Gamma) 6.75
6.75
7.3
Collar-limited
Collar-defined
150 and
175
20
1,000 max.
AutoTrak Curve highbuild rotary steerable w/

gamma ray
6-3/4
37.8
30/15 (6-3/4)
BHA Dependent
150
20
N/A
N/A
N/A
300-750
AutoTrak G3 advanced
rotary steerable w/near-bit
gamma ray
4-3/4
12.3 34.0 (X-treme)
30/10 (3.0) 25/10 (X-treme)
BHA Dependent
150
20, 25
(option), 30
(option)
Application
Specific
N/A
N/A
0 - 350?
AutoTrak eXpress rotary

steerable w/gamma ray
4-3/4, 6-3/4, 9-1/2
BHA Dependent
150
20
Application
Specific
125-350 (4-3/4) 200-900

(6-3/4) 300-1,600 (9-1/2)
AutoTrak V vertical rotary

steerable w/gamma ray
4-3/4
22.1 33.0 (X-treme)
BHA Dependent
150
20, 25
(option), 30
(option)
Application
Specific
N/A
N/A
0 - 350?
CoilTrak directional &

gamma ray UltraSlim
directional & gamma ray
2-3/8 (CoilTrak
only) 3-1/8
150
14.5
2-3/8 (CoilTrak
only) 3-1/8
N/A
N/A
N/A
0-80 (2-3/8) 0-210 (3)
Application
Specific
125-350 (4-3/4) 200-900

(6-3/4) 395-1,290 (8-1/4)
430-1,600 (9-1/2)
Baker Hughes
56.8 (4-3/4) 58.2 (6-3/4)

30/10 (4-3/4) 23/8 (6-3/4)
70 (6-3/4 high DLS option) 23/12 (6-3/4 high DLS option)
64.6 (9-1/2)
13/6.5 (9-1/2)
evaluation
9-1/2
30.7 (8-1/4) 30.2 (9-1/2)
50 (2-3/8) 45 (3) *sliding only
BHA Dependent
BHA Dependent
150, 175 25 (4-3/4,

(optional 6-3/4, 8-1/4,
4-3/4,
9-1/2) 30
6-3/4 and (optional
9-1/2)
4-3/4 and
6-3/4)

resistivity
4-3/4, 6-3/4
23.5 (4-3/4) 22.1 (6-3/4)
BHA Dependent
BHA Dependent
150
20, 25
(option), 30
(option)
Application
Specific
N/A
125-350 (4-3/4) 200-900

(6-3/4)
NaviTrak directional &

gamma ray
3-1/8, 4-3/4, 6-3/4,

8-1/4, 9-1/2
BHA Dependent
50/16 (3-1/8) 25/7 (4-3/4)

12.5/6.5 (6-3/4) 10.5/4.5
(8-1/4) 7/3.5 (9-1/2) 70/21
(3-1/8 flex) 82/21 (4-3/4 flex)
23/9.5 (6-3/4 flex)
BHA Dependent
150
20
Application
Specific
75-175 (3-1/8) 105-350

(4-3/4) 210-900 (6-3/4)
300-1,350 (8-1/4) 450-1,600
(9-1/2)
150
20, 25
(option) 20,
25 (option),
25
Application
Specific
0-1,600
ZoneTrak G near-bit
gamma ray
4-3/4, 6-3/4, 9-1/2 Only RSS option available.

For Length refer to
AuToTrak. 4.52 (Bit-sub)
4.06 (RSS-sub) 5.35 (Bit
sub) 4.79 (RSS sub)
Bench Tree
Bench Tree M/LWD,
Standard
1-7/8 Probe in
Standard 3.5 - 9.5
NMDC
21.7-30.7
collar limited
collar defined
175
20
application
dependent
70-1,250
Bench Tree M/LWD, Short
1-7/8 Probe in
Standard 3.5 - 9.5
NM Pony
16.5
collar limited
collar defined
175
20
application
dependent
70-1,250
CBG Corp. Mike Pochkowski 4616 West Howard Ln, Suite 900, Austin, Texas 78728, (512) 491-7541, mpochkowski@cbgcorp.com
NGT-T
1.36
1.13
175
18
MGT-T
1.36
1.13
175
18
NGT-TX
1.36
0.97
175
18
NGT-CSX
1.05
1.05
175
18
NGT-CN
1.36
1.13
175
18
NGT-075
0.75
1.15
175
18
DGA - Focused Gamma
1.30
1.13
175
18
NGT-Custom
Custom
Custom
175
18
2-7/8-8
23-28
150-175
20 (137
mpa)
DrilTech LLC
Positive Pulse MWD and
Gamma Ray Probe Based
60/30 (Approximate,
Connection dependent)
50 (NMDC
dependent)
100 (NMDC
dependent)
150 (NMDC
dependent)
N/A
2-7/8) 45-125, (3-1/2)

50-130, (4-3/4) 130-300,
(6-3/4) 235-600, (8)
400-800
GE Oil & Gas

Pilot Gamma
3 1/2, 4 3/4, 6 1/2, Shortest probe length with

8, 9 1/2
MWD 20.84
As Per Pilot MWD
As Per Pilot MWD
150
20
As Per Pilot
MWD
As Per Pilot MWD
As Per Pilot MWD
As Per Pilot MWD
As Per Pilot MWD
Scinturion Gamma
3 1/2, 4 3/4, 6 1/2, Shortest probe length with

8, 9 1/2
MWD 30.4
As per Tensor MWD
As per Tensor MWD
175
20
As per Tensor
MWD
As per Tensor MWD
As per Tensor MWD
As per Tensor MWD
As per Tensor MWD
26.9
collar limited
Collar-defined
150
20
25
100
100
100
50-1,200
Gamma Ray Electro-Trac EM 4-3/4, 6-1/2, 6-3/4,

MWD with Gamma
7-3/4
Gyrodata
MWD with gamma
3 1/2, 4 3/4, 5 1/4,

6 1/2, 6 3/4, 8
1/4, 9 1/2
23
Collar limited
Collar-defined
150
25
400 (2.25ID)
350 (2.69 ID)
300 (2.813ID)
N/A 425 (2.69ID)

400 (2.813ID)
375 (3.25ID) 340
(3.75ID)
N/A, N/A, 525

(2.813ID)
425 (3.25ID)
400(3.75ID)
N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A, 3 1/2= 86-170 , 4 3/4 = 106N/A, 600 (3.75ID)
358, 5 1/4 = 106-358, 6 1/2
= 179-475, 6 3/4 =179 -701,
8 1/4, = 419-8,00, 9 1/2 =
419-1,232

Retrievable MWD with
gamma
3 1/2, 4 3/4, 5 1/4,

6 1/2, 6 3/4, 8
1/4, 9 1/2
18
Collar limited
Collar-defined
150
20
400 (2.25ID)
350 (2.69 ID)
300 (2.813ID)
N/A 425 (2.69ID)

400 (2.813ID) 375
(3.25ID) 340
(3.75ID)
N/A, N/A, 525

(2.813ID)
425 (3.25ID)
400(3.75ID)
N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A, 3 1/2= 80-170, 4 3/4 = 100N/A, 600 (3.75ID)
400, 5 1/4 = 100-400, 6 1/2
= 120-475, 6 3/4 =120-701,
8 1/4 = 400-800, 9 1/2 =
400-1,300
GWD90 W/ Gamma
4 3/4, 5 1/4, 6 1/2, 6

3/4, 8 1/4, 9 1/2
54
Collar limited
Collar-defined
150
20
500 (2.25ID)
400 (2.688
ID) 350 (2.81
25ID)
N/A 475 (2.69ID)

45 (2.813 ID) 400
(3.25 ID)
EM MWD with Gamma
3 3/4, 4 3/4, 6 1/2,

6 3/4, 7 3/4
26.9
Collar limited
Collar-defined
150
20
25
100
(4 3/4) 30/14, (6 3/4) 21/10,

(8, 9 1/2) 14/8
(4 3/4) 4.66x2.25, (6 3/4) 6.54x2.81,

(8) 7.76x2.81, (9 1/2) 9.35x2.81
150
18 std. 25
opt.
(4 3/4) 30/14, (6 3/4) 21/10
(4 3/4) 4.65x2.25, (6 3/4)

6.36x2.81
200
25
TBD
Depends on hang- Depends on hang-off collar Depends on hang-off collar

off collar OD
Depends on hang-off collar
150 std.
175 opt.
20 std. 30
opt.
Depends
on hang-off
collar ID
N/A, N/A, 550(2

N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A, 3 3/4= 80-150 , 4 3/4 =
813ID) 450 (3.25ID) N/A, 600 (3.75ID)
106-358, 5 1/4 =106-358, 6
425(3.75ID)
1/2 =179-450, 6 3/4 =179701, 8 1/4 =419-800, 9 1/2 =
419-1,232
100
100
50-1,200
Dual Gamma Ray (DGR)
Quasar Pulse - Gamma Ray
Gamma Ray Probe
4 3/4, 6 3/4, 8, 9 1/2 (4 3/4) 7.5, (6 3/4, 8) 4.5,

(9 1/2) 4.4
4 3/4, 6 3/4
(4 3/4) 26.9, (6 3/4) 25.2
(4 3/4) 68, (6 3/4, 8) 2, (4 3/4) 184, (6 3/4, 8) (6 3/4, 8) 43, (9 1/2) 16

(9 1/2) 1
7, (9 1/2) 3
(4 3/4) 36 at 350 gpm (6 3/4) 74 at 500 gpm
N/A
(4 3/4) 150-350, (6 3/4)

225-650
Depends on hang-off Depends on hang-off (3 3/8, 3 1/2) 90-200, (4

collar ID
collar ID
3/4) 150-350, (6 1/2 - 9
1/2) 225-650, (7 1/4 - 9
1/2) 400-1,500
1608off_47 47
8/2/16 10:47 AM
(6 3/4) 21/10, (8, 9 1/2) 14/8 (6 3/4) 6.60 x 2.81, (8) 7.65 x 2.81, (9
1/2) 9.23 x 3.00
150
N/A
(6 3/4) 35, (8, 9

1/2) 13
(6 3/4) 200, (8, 9 1/2) 75
(6 3/4) 38, (9 5/8) 6
(6 3/4) 105(9 5/8) 17
(9 5/8) 96
ga
l/m
in
6 3/4, 8, 9 1/2
(6 3/4) 23.6, (8) 25.3, (9

1/2) 25.4 (part of EWRM5 tool)
Geo-Pilot Gamma Ray (ABG)
6 3/4, 9 5/8
(6 3/4) 20, (9 5/8) 22 (part

of GeoPilot RST)
(6 3/4) 21/10, (9 5/8) 14/8
Gamma Ray/At-Bit
Inclination (GABI)
4.75
Part of Mud Motor
30/14
Depends on mud motor
150
20
Depends on mud
motor
Depends on mud
motor
60/30
150
20
40
80
150
(4 3/4) 75 / 20 (6 3/4)
28/11
(4 3/4) 4.75x2.81 (6 3/4) 6.71x3.25
175
20K PSI
(137 mpa)
47
153
450
(4 3/4) 100-350 (6 3/4)

150-800
175
20K PSI
(137 mpa)
47
153
450
(3 1/8) 50-175 (4 3/4) 100350 (6 3/4) 150-800 (8) 400925 (9 1/2) 400-1,200
20 std. 30
opt.
(6 3/4) 12, (8, 9 1/2) 5
Flo
wr
an
ge
,
Pre
ss
1,2 ure
00 dro
ga p, p
l/m si
in at
Pre
s
45 sure
0 g dr
al/ op
mi , p
n si a
t
Azimuthal Gamma Ray

(AGR)
Depends on rotary steerable tool mode 150 std.,

175 opt.
25
Pre
s
25 sure
0 g dr
al/ op,
mi ps
n
ia
t
Ma
x.
op
. te
mp
era
tur
e(
Ma
C
x.
)
op
.p
res
s,
kp
si
Pre
s
10 sure
0 g dr
al/ op
mi , p
n si a
t
Eq
uiv
ale
nt
be
nd
ing
Ma
x.
(sl DLS
idi ,
ng
, ro 100
tat ft
ion
)
ft
Le
ng
th,
To
ol
OD
, in
.
Se
rvi
ce
lin
e(s
)
sti
ffn
es
s
100-265
MWD Services Inc.

MWD Shuttle
Sub dia: 3 1/8 - 9 29.1 w/single battery, 35.5

1/2, tool dia: 1 7/8
w/dual battery
75-1,000
Ryan Directional Services

Ryan EM MWD Gamma Ray
4 3/4, 6.5, 6 3/4
Ryan Pulse MWD w/Gamma 3 1/8, 4 3/4, 6.5, 6

3/4, 8, 9.5
34
20-30
(3 1/8) 100/ 50 (4 3/4)

(3 1/8) 2.96x2.25 (4 3/4) 4.75x2.81
40 / 15 (6 3/4) 28/11 (8) (6 3/4) 6.71x3.25 (8) 7.93x4.00 (9.5)
15/9 (9.5) 8/ 5
9.42x4.00
Navigate AccuPulse w/
Gamma
4 3/4, 6 1/2 & 8
(4 3/4) 10, (6 1/2 & 8) 10
NMDC
175
20
N/A
60
125
N/A
225-1,000
Navigate AccuWave
(EMMWD) w/Gamma
4 3/4, 6 1/2 & 8
(4 3/4) 10, (6 1/2 & 8) 10
NMDC
175
20
N/A
60
125
N/A
225-1,000
PowerDrive X6 Rotary
Steerable Tool
4 3/4, 6 3/4, 8
1/4, 9, 11
(4 3/4) 13.65, (6 3/4)

13.47, (8 1/4) 13.84, (9)
14.07, (11) 15.22
(4 3/4) 30/10, (6 3/4) 16/8, (8

1/4) 12/6, (9) 10/5, (11) 8/4
(475) 11.5; (675) 14.7; (900) 15.0;

(1100) 18.0
150 std.,
175 opt.
20 std,
35 opt

Design and Tool
and Tool Sizes
and Tool Sizes
Sizes
Depends Mud Design

and Tool Sizes
100-2,000
PowerDrive Orbit Rotary

Steerable Tool
4 3/4, 6 3/4, 9
(4 3/4) 13.50, (6 3/4)

13.53, (9) 14.00
(4 3/4) 30/10, (6 3/4) 16/8,

(9) 10/5
(475) 11.5; (675) 14.7; (900) 15.0
150 std.,
175 opt.
20 std,
35 opt

Design and Tool
and Tool Sizes
and Tool Sizes
Sizes
Depends Mud Design

and Tool Sizes
100-2,000
PowerDrive Archer Rotary

Steerable Tool
4 3/4, 6 3/4
(4 3/4) 14.98, (6 3/4)

16.64
Capability (/100 ft) : (4 3/4, 6

3/4) 18 Pass Through (/100
ft): (6 3/4) , >15 Based on
fatigue management
150
20

Design and Tool
and Tool Sizes
and Tool Sizes
Sizes
Depends Mud Design

and Tool Sizes
220-650
ShortPulse
4.75
27.3
30/15
4.75x2.25x34.8 -OR- 4.59x2.25x30.3
150 std.,
175 opt.
20
ImPulse
4.75
32
30/15
4.75x2.25x38.5
DigiScope
4.75
29.9
30/15
30.7 (9.4) of 4.75 OD x 2.25 ID

API collar
150 std.
TeleScope ICE
4 3/4
31.9
30/15
31.9 (9.7) of 4.75 OD x 2.25 ID

API collar
200 std.
30 std.
TeleScope ICE
6 3/4
31.4
15/8
32.5 (9.9) of 6.75 OD x 2.81 ID

API collar
200 std.
30 std.
N/A
gap)
gap)
gap)
TeleScope
6 3/4, 8 1/4, 9, 9 1/2
24.7
25 std., 30
opt.
N/A
gap)
modulator gap)
(9 1/2) 400-2,000 (9 1/2)
opt. 400-1,600
SlimPulse
1 3/4 tool OD 3 1/8

to 9 1/2 collars
Collar based probe

normally 30
(4 3/4) 68, (6
3/4) 16
Schlumberger
geoVISION675
20
515 - medium flow

(varies with modulator
gap)
N/A
N/A
130-360
20
515 - medium flow

(varies with modulator
gap)
N/A
N/A
130-360 (20 kpsi tool) 130310 (25 kpsi tool)

opt.
Modulator gap)
gap)
N/A
N/A
150-400
N/A
150-400
150 std., 20 std., 27.5

175 opt.
opt.
(6 3/4) 16/8 (8 1/4) 12/7 (9,

(6 3/4) 6.75x2.81x31.5 (8 1/4)
150 std.,
9 1/2) 10/6
8x2.81x26.2 (9 1/4) 9.25x3x28 (9 1/2) 175 opt.
9.5x3.5x26.2
(4 3/4 and smaller) 145/40
(6 3/4) 28/10 (8 1/4) 20/8 (9
1/2) 19/7
(4 3/4) 4.75x2.81x33 (6 3/4)

6.75x2.81x32
150 std.,
175 opt.
22
Modulator gap)
gap)
gap)
(6 3/4) 100, (8 3/4) 18
(6 3/4) 324, (8 3/4,

9 3/4) 58
(8 3/4, 9 3/4) 411
275-800
35-1,200
6 3/4
10.12
16/8
6.5x2.81x10
150
18
0.9
5.5
18
N/A
0-800
geoVISION825
8 1/4
12.72
13/7
8x2.81x13.5
150
15
0.15
0.95
21.8
0-1,200
arcVISION312
3.125
23.5
100/30
3x1.75x33
150
20
112
N/A
N/A
N/A
0-160
arcVISION475
4.75
21
30/15
4.75x2.81x22
150
25
30
N/A
N/A
0-400
arcVISION675
6 3/4
18
16/8
6.5x2.81x19
150 std.
175 opt.
20 std., 25
and 30 opt.
20
N/A
0-800
arcVISION825
8 1/4
18
14/7
8.25x2.81x19.8
150 std.
175 opt.
25 std., 30
opt.
0.12
1.5
2.5
17.8
0-1,950
arcVISION900
18
12/4
9x3x20.7
150
25
0.12
1.5
2.5
17.8
0-1,950
EcoScope
6 3/4 with 7 7/8,

8 1/4, or 9 3/8
Stabilizer Options
25.2
16/8
6.5x2.81x24.5
150 std.
175 opt.
20 std., 25
opt.
10
32
N/A
250-800
NeoScope
6 3/4 with 8 1/4

stabilizer
25.2
16/8
6.5x2.81x24.5
150 std.
175 opt.
20 std., 25
opt.
10
32
N/A
250-800
MicroScope
4 3/4 with 5 3/8

slick sleeve
18
30/15
4.75x2.25x18
150
20
9.8
61
198
N/A
0-500
PeriScope
4 3/4, 6 3/4
18.3 (6 3/4), 23.5 (4 3/4)
(4 3/4) 30/15, (6 1/2) 16/8
4.75x2.25x27 (4 3/4), 6.5x2.81x19.3

(6 3/4)
150
25
(4 3/4) 10, (6
3/4) 0.7
(4 3/4) 65, (6 3/4) 4
(6 3/4) 14
N/A
0-400 (4 3/4), 0-800 (6 3/4)
MWD UGR (Universal

Gamma Ray)
All Sizes
31
(3 1/6) 116/38, (4 3/4) 25/16,

(6 1/4) 20/14, (6 3/4) 18/13,
(8) 15/10, (9 1/2) 14/7.5
(4 3/4) 4.53 x 2.25, (6 1/4) 6.09

x 2.25), (6 3/4) 6.59 x 2.81, (8)
7.78 x 2.81
150
15
Sonde
3/4, 6 1/4) 350; (6 3/4) 800;
(8, 9 1/2) 1,200
HAGR (High-temperature
Azimuthal GR)
4-3/4, 6-3/4, 8-1/4,

9-1/2
(4-3/4) 22.47, (6-3/4)

22.63, (8-1/4) 22.96,
(9-1/2) 22.93
(4-3/4) 30/15, (6-3/4), 16/8,

(8-1/4) 14/7, (9-1/2) 12/6
(4-3/4) 4.75x3.22, (6-3/4) 6.75x4.24,

(8-1/4) 8x4.28, (9-1/2) 9.5x5.16
150 std.
(4-3/4,
(4-3/4) 12,
(4-3/4) 64, (6-3/4) 9,
180 opt. 6-3/4, 8-1/4, (6-3/4) 2, (8-1/4,
(8-1/4, 9-1/2) 2
9-1/2) 20
9-1/2) 1
std. 30 opt.
SpectralWave (Spectral
Azimuthal GR)
4-3/4, 6-3/4
(4-3/4) 12.83, (6 3/4)

13.08
(4 3/4) 30/15, (6 3/4) 16/8
(4-3/4) 4.75x3.125 (6-3/4) 6.75x4.44
150 Std.
165 opt.
At-Bit Measurement System
4-3/4, 6-3/4
(4 3/4) 2.83 ft., (6 3/4)

3.01 ft.
(4 3/4) 30/15 (6 3/4) 16/8
Weatherford
20
(6 3/4) 26, (8 1/4,

9 1/2) 2
(8-1/4, 9-1/2) 33
(4 3/4) 80-350; (6 3/4)

80-700; (8 1/4, 9 1/2)
80-1,600
(4-3/4) 19
(6-3/4) 8
(4-3/4) 19 (6-3/4) 2
(6-3/4) 2
(4 3/4) 80-350; (6 3/4)

80-700
(4 3/4, 6 (4 3/4) 10 (6
3/4) 150
3/4) 10
(4 3/4) 12, (6
3/4) 2
(4 3/4) 64, (6 3/4) 9
(6 3/4) 26
(4 3/4) 80-350; (6 3/4)

80-700
Resistivity

APS SureShot Gamma +
WPR 3.5
3 1/2
59 (2 pcs.)*
Collar-limited
Collar-defined
150 and
175
20 and 25
(3 1/2) 150 max. (3 3/4)

200 max. (4 3/4) 350
max. (6 3/4) 700 max. (8)
1,200 max.

WPR 3.75
3 3/4
59 (2 pcs.)*
Collar-limited
Collar-defined
150 and
175
20 and 25
(3 1/2) 150 max. (3 3/4)

200 max. (4 3/4) 350
max. (6 3/4) 700 max. (8)
1,200 max.
1608off_48 48
8/2/16 10:47 AM
ga
l/m
in
Flo
wr
an
ge
,
Pre
ss
1,2 ure
00 dro
ga p, p
l/m si
in at
Pre
s
45 sure
0 g dr
al/ op
mi , p
n si a
t
Pre
s
25 sure
0 g dr
al/ op,
mi ps
n
ia
t
Ma
x.
op
. te
mp
era
tur
e(
Ma
C
x.
)
op
.p
res
s,
kp
si
Pre
s
10 sure
0 g dr
al/ op
mi , p
n si a
t
Eq
uiv
ale
nt
be
nd
ing
Ma
x.
(sl DLS
idi ,
ng
, ro 100
tat ft
ion
)
ft
Le
ng
th,
To
ol
OD
, in
.
Se
rvi
ce
lin
e(s
)
sti
ffn
es
s

WPR 4.75
4 3/4
59 (2 pcs.)*
Collar-limited
Collar-defined
150 and
175
20 and 25
(3 1/2) 150 max. (3 3/4)

200 max. (4 3/4) 350
max. (6 3/4) 700 max. (8)
1,200 max.

WPR 6.75
6 3/4
59 (2 pcs.)*
Collar-limited
Collar-defined
150 and
175
20 and 25
(3 1/2) 150 max. (3 3/4)

200 max. (4 3/4) 350
max. (6 3/4) 700 max. (8)
1,200 max.

WPR 8.0
59 (2 pcs.)*
Collar-limited
Collar-defined
150 and
175
20 and 25
(3 1/2) 150 max. (3 3/4)

200 max. (4 3/4) 350
max. (6 3/4) 700 max. (8)
1,200 max.
2-3/8, 3-1/8
9.6 (2-3/8) 17.0 (3-1/8)
150
20
Application
Specific
N/A
N/A
System dependent
BHA Dependent
BHA Dependent
Application
Specific
125-350 (4-3/4) 200-900

(6-3/4) 395-1,290 (8-1/4)
430-1,600 (9-1/2)
BHA Dependent
BHA Dependent
20, 25
(option), 30
(option)
Application
Specific
N/A
125-350 (4-3/4) 200-900

(6-3/4)
Baker Hughes
UltraSlim MPR resistivity
evaluation
9-1/2
30.7 (8-1/4) 30.2 (9-1/2)
150, 175 25 (4-3/4,

(optional 6-3/4, 8-1/4,
4-3/4,
9-1/2) 30
6-3/4, and (optional
9-1/2)
4-3/4 and
6-3/4)

resistivity
4-3/4, 6-3/4
23.5 (4-3/4) 22.1 (6-3/4)
150
StarTrak high-definition
advanced imaging
4-3/4, 6-3/4
9.8 (4-3/4), 8.3 (6-3/4)
5.25 x 3.13 (4-3/4) 7.25 x 4.60 (6-3/4)
150
25
Application
Specific
N/A
0-350 (4-3/4) 0-900 (6-3/4)
ZoneTrak R at-bit resistivity
6-3/4, 9-1/2
6.3 (6-3/4) 5.7 (9-1/2)
7.25 x 3.64 (6-3/4) 9.63 x 3.70 (9-1.2)
150
25, 30
(option)
Application
Specific
0-900 (6-3/4) 0-1,600

(9-1/2)
Bench Tree
Bench Tree HPR-M/LWD
4-3/4, 6-1/2, 8
475: 38.3 650:39.5

800:39.8
475:28, 14 650:24, 12
800:20, 10
475: 4.82 X 2.81 650: 6.46 X 2.81

800: 8.02 X 2.81
175
15 or 20
application
dependent
70-750
Bench Tree HPR-M/

LWD-PWD
4-3/4, 6-1/2, 8
475: 43.4 650: 44.5

800: 44.8
475:28, 14 650:24, 12
800:20, 10
475: 4.82 X 2.81 650: 6.46 X 2.81

800: 8.02 X 2.81
175
15 or 20
application
dependent
70-750
Bench Tree HPR-650

HPR-800
6-1/2, 8
27
650:24, 12 800:20, 10
650: 6.46 X 2.81 800: 8.02 X 2.81
175
15 or 20
25
85
0-750
Bench Tree HPR-475
4-3/4
26
28, 14
4.82 X 2.81
175
15 or 20
22
135
0-300
GRT 4.75
4.75
11.34
20 sliding / 15 rotate
160
20
330
GRT 6.50
6.50
11.54
15 sliding / 10 rotate
160
20
870
4.75, 6.5, 8
18 - 21
(4.75) 28 /14; (6.5) 24 / 12;

(8) 20 / 10
4.75: 4.82 X2.81 6.5: 6.46 X 2.81

8: 8.02 X 2.81
165
20
(4.75) 5, (6.5 /
8.0) 22
(4.75) 15, (6.5 /

8.0) 85
(4.75), N/A (6.5 /

8.0) 135
Not Specified
150-800
4 3/4, 6.91, 8 1/4
(4 3/4, 6.91) 14.5 (8

1/4) 15.17
(4 3/4) 25/12 (6.91) 17/8 (8 (4 3/4) 5.0x2.81, (6 3/4) 6.58x2.81, (8

1/4) 14/7
1/4) 8.25x2.81
175
20
As per Tensor
MWD
As per Tensor MWD
As per Tensor MWD
As per Tensor MWD
(4 3/4) 100-350 (6.91) 300750 (8 1/4) 450-1,200
(4 3/4) 90, (6 3/4, 8) 7, (4 3/4) 250, (6 3/4, 8)

(9 1/2) 2
19, (9 1/2) 7
(6 3/4) 114, (8) 115,

(9 1/2) 40
CBG Corp.
DrilTech LLC
DrilTech WPR (Wave
Propogation Resistivity)
GE Oil & Gas
Centerfire Propagation
Resistivity Tool
(4 3/4) 30/14, (6 3/4) 21/10,
(8, 9 1/2) 14/8
(4 3/4) 4.66x2.25, (6 3/4) 6.54x2.81,

(8) 7.76x2.81, (9 1/2) 9.35x3
150 std.
175 opt.
18 or 25
EWR-PHASE 4D
EWR-PHASE 4
4 3/4, 6 3/4, 8, 9 1/2 (4 3/4) 12.5, (6 3/4) 12.1,

(8, 9 1/2) 12.2
9.5
12.2
14/8
9.35x3
150
18
SuperSlim EWR-PHASE 4
3.125
11.3
30/14
2.63x1.25
150
16
213 at 150
gal/min
30/14
TBD
TBD
40
SuperSlim EWR-PHASE 4
3.625
12.9
150
20
EWR-M5
6 3/4, 8, 9 1/2
(6 3/4) 23.6, (8) 25.3, (9

1/2) 25.4
(6 3/4) 21/10, (8, 9 1/2) 14/8 (6.75) 6.60 x 2.81, (8) 7.65 x 2.81, (9
1/2) 9.23 x 3.00
150
25
(6 3/4) 12, (8, 9 1/2) 5
(6 3/4) 35, (8, 9

1/2) 13
(6 3/4) 200, (8, 9 1/2) 75
Azimuthal Focused
Resistivity (AFR)
4 3/4, 6 3/4, 8
(4 3/4) 10.0, (6 3/4) 10.8,

(8) 8.5
(4 3/4) 30/14, (6 3/4) 21/10,

(8) 14/8
(4 3/4) 4.74x2.25, (6 3/4) 6.56x2.81,

(8) TBD
150
(4 3/4) 24.5,
(6 3/4) 22,
(8) 24.5
(4 3/4) 78, ( 6 3/4)

6, (8) 2
(4 3/4) 214, (6 3/4)

17, (8) 5
(6 3/4) 101, (8) 25
Azimuthal Deep Resistivity

(ADR)
4 3/4, 6 3/4
(4 3/4) 25.5, (6 3/4) 24.3
(4 3/4) 30/14, (6 3/4) 21/10
(4 3/4) 4.76x2.25, (6 3/4) 6.71x2.81
150 std.
200 opt.
25
4.75
32
30/15
4.75x2.25x38.5
(4 3/4) 152, (6 3/4) 14 (4 3/4) 419, (6 3/4) 38
(6 3/4) 229
Schlumberger
ImPulse
geoVISION675
150 std., 20 std., 27.5

175 opt.
opt.
N/A
125
N/A
N/A
0-400
6.75
10.12
16/8
6.5x2.81x10
150
18
0.9
5.5
18
N/A
0-800
geoVISION825
8 1/4
12.72
13/7
8x2.81x13.5
150
15
0.15
0.95
21.8
0-1,200
arcVISION312
3.125
23.5
100/30
3x1.75x33
150
20
112
N/A
N/A
N/A
0-160
arcVISION475
4.75
21
30/15
4.75x2.81x22
150
25
30
N/A
N/A
0-400
arcVISION675
6.75
18
16/8
6.5x2.81x19
150 std.
175 opt.
20 std., 25
and 30 opt.
20
N/A
0-800
arcVISION825
8.25
18
14/7
8.25x2.81x19.8
150 std.
175 opt.
25 std, 30
opt.
0.12
1.5
2.5
17.8
0-1,950
arcVISION900
18
12/4
9x3x20.7
150
25
0.12
1.5
2.5
17.8
0-1,950
PeriScope
4 3/4, 6 3/4
18.3 (6 3/4), 23.5 (4 3/4)
30/15 (4 3/4), 16/8 (6 3/4)
4.75x2.25x27 (4 3/4), 6.5x2.81x19.3

(6 3/4)
150
25
(4 3/4) 10, (6
3/4) 0.7
(4 3/4) 65, (6 3/4) 4
(6 3/4) 14
N/A
0-400 (4 3/4), 0-800 (6 3/4)
EcoScope
6 3/4 with 7 7/8,

8 1/4, or 9 3/8
Stabilizer Options
25.2
16/8
6.5x2.81x24.5
150 std.
175 opt.
20 std., 25
opt.
10
32
N/A
250-800
NeoScope
6 3/4 with 8 1/4

stabilizer
25.2
16/8
6.5x2.81x24.5
150 std.
175 opt.
20 std., 25
opt.
10
32
N/A
250-800
MicroScope
4 3/4 with 5 3/8

slick sleeve
18
30/15
4.75x2.25x18
150
20
9.8
61
198
N/A
0-500
PeriScope
4 3/4, 6 3/4
18.3 (6 3/4), 23.5 (4 3/4)
(4 3/4) 30/15, (6 1/2) 16/8
4.75x2.25x27 (4 3/4), 6.5x2.81x19.3

(6 3/4)
150
25
(4 3/4) 10, (6
3/4) 0.7
(4 3/4) 65, (6 3/4) 4
(6 3/4) 14
N/A
0-400 (4 3/4), 0-800 (6 3/4)
Multi-Frequency Resistivity 4-3/4, 6-3/4, 8-1/4, (4 3/4) 28.0, (6-3/4) 28.1, (4-3/4) 30/15, (6-3/4), 16/8,
(MFR)
9-1/2
(8-1/4, 9-1/2) 28.3
(8-1/4) 14/7, (9-1/2) 12/6
(4-3/4) 4.75x2.29; (6-3/4) 6.75x3.06;

(8-1/4) 8.25x5.28, (9-1/2) 9.5x6.08
150
(4.75, 6.75)
(4-3/4) 19
(4-3/4) 105 (6-3/4) 11
20 std. 30 (6-3/4) 2 (8-1/4,
(8-1/4, 9-1/2) 2
opt. (8.25,
9-1/2) 2
9.5) 20 std,
25 opt.
(6-3/4) 32 (8-1/4,
9-1/2) 6
(8-1/4, 9-1/2) 45
(4 3/4) 80-350; (6 3/4)

80-700; (8 1/4, 9 1/2)
80-1,600
(4-3/4) 4.75x2.54, (6-3/4) 6.75x3.40
150
20 Std., 30
opt.
(6-3/4) 32
n/a
(4 3/4) 80-350; (6 3/4)

80-700
Weatherford
(GuideWave Azimuthal
Resistivity Tool)
4-3/4, 6-3/4
(4-3/4) 34.7, (6-3/4) 35.3
(4-3/4) 30/15, (6-3/4), 16/8
(4-3/4) 19,
(6-3/4) 2
(4-3/4) 105, (6-3/4) 11
1608off_49 49
8/2/16 10:47 AM
ga
l/m
in
Flo
wr
an
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,
Pre
ss
1,2 ure
00 dro
ga p, p
l/m si
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Pre
s
45 sure
0 g dr
al/ op
mi , p
n si a
t
Pre
s
25 sure
0 g dr
al/ op,
mi ps
n
ia
t
Ma
x.
op
. te
mp
era
tur
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Ma
C
x.
)
op
.p
res
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si
Pre
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10 sure
0 g dr
al/ op
mi , p
n si a
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Eq
uiv
ale
nt
be
nd
ing
Ma
x.
(sl DLS
idi ,
ng
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Le
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.
Se
rvi
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Porosity

SureLog FWS (Full Wave
Sonic) 4.75
4 3/4
18
Collar-limited
Collar-defined
150 and
175
20
350 max.

Sonic) 6.75
6 3/4
18
Collar-limited
Collar-defined
150 and
175
20
700 max.

Sonic) 8.0
18
Collar-limited
Collar-defined
150 and
175
20
1,000 max.
SureLog iPCD (Integrated

Porosity, Caliper & Density)
4.75
4 3/4
17.5
Collar-limited
Collar-defined
150 and
175
20
350 max.

6.75
6 3/4
19
Collar-limited
Collar-defined
150 and
175
20
650 max.
SureLog (Integrated
iPCD 8
19
Collar-limited
Collar-defined
150 and
175
20
1,500 max.
4-3/4, 6-3/4, 8-1/4
16.1 (4-3/4) 17.6 (6-3/4)

18.2 (8-1/4)
4.82 x 1.870 (4-3/4) 6.87 x 2.000

(6-3/4) 8.25 x 2.813 (8-1/4)
150
20, 25
(4-3/4
option)
30 (6-3/4
and 8-1/4
option)
Application
Specific
0-320 (4-3/4) 0-900 (6-3/4)

0-1,300 (8-1/4)
SoundTrak acoustic porosity 6-3/4, 8-1/4, 9-1/2
32.8
7.1 x 5.5 (6-3/4) 8.4 x 6.3 (8-1/3) 9.7

x 7.6 (9-1/2)
150
25, 30
(option)
Application
Specific
0-900 (6-3/4) 0-1,300

(8-1/4) 0-1,560 (9-1/2)
MagTrak magnetic resonance 4-3/4, 6-3/4, 8-1/4

porosity
27.7 (4-3/4) 29.9 (6-3/4)

24.3 (8-1/4)
150
25, 30
(option
8-1/4)
Application
Specific
N/A
125-406 (4-3/4) 264-660

(6-3/4) 476-872 (8-1/4)
Baker Hughes
neutron porosity
Bi-modal AcousTic (BAT)
4 3/4, 6 3/4, 8, 9 1/2
(4 3/4) 28, (6 3/4, 8,

9 1/2) 21
(4 3/4) 30/14, (6 3/4) 21/10,

(8, 9 1/2) 14/8
(4 3/4) 4.65x2.25, (6 3/4) 6.43x2.81,

(8) 7.65x2.81, (8 HP/HF) 7.53x2.81,
(9 1/2) 8.98x3
150, 175
(All) 25, (6
3/4, 8, 9 1/2)
30 opt.
(4 3/4) 161, (6 3/4, 8) (4 3/4) 458, (6 3/4, 8)

11, (6 3/4 HP) 12, (8 33, (6 3/4 HP) 35, (8
HP/HF, 9 1/2) 4
HP/HF, 9 1/2) 13
(6 3/4, 8) 198, (6 3/4

HP) 208, (8 HP/HF, 9
1/2) 76
Quadrupole Acoustic (QBAT) 4 3/4, 6 3/4, 8, 9 1/2
(4 3/4) 28, (6 3/4, 8,

9 1/2) 21
(4 3/4) 30/14, (6 3/4) 21/10,

(8, 9 1/2) 14/8
(4 3/4) 4.65x2.25, (6 3/4) 6.43x2.81,

(8) 7.65x2.81, (8 HP/HF) 7.53x2.81,
(9 1/2) 8.98x3
150, 175
(All) 25, (6
3/4, 8, 9 1/2)
30 opt.
(4 3/4) 161, (6 3/4, 8) (4 3/4) 458, (6 3/4, 8)

11, (6 3/4 HP) 12, (8 33, (6 3/4 HP) 35, (8
HP/HF, 9 1/2) 4
HP/HF, 9 1/2) 13
(6 3/4, 8) 198, (6 3/4

HP) 208, (8 HP/HF, 9
1/2) 76
Azimuthal/Crossed-Dipole 4 3/4, 6 3/4, 8, 9 1/2

Acoustic (XBAT)
(4 3/4) 28, (6 3/4, 8,

9 1/2) 21
(4 3/4) 30/14, (6 3/4) 21/10,

(8, 9 1/2) 14/8
(4 3/4) 4.65x2.25, (6 3/4) 6.43x2.81,

(8) 7.65x2.81, (8 HP/HF) 7.53x2.81,
(9 1/2) 8.98x3
150
(All) 25, (6
3/4, 8, 9 1/2)
30 opt.
(4 3/4) 161, (6 3/4, 8) (4 3/4) 458, (6 3/4, 8)

11, (6 3/4 HP) 12, (8 33, (6 3/4 HP) 35, (8
HP/HF, 9 1/2) 4
HP/HF, 9 1/2) 13
(6 3/4, 8) 198, (6 3/4

HP) 208, (8 HP/HF, 9
1/2) 76
150
18
Compensated Neutron
Porosity (CNP)
6 3/4, 8
7.65
(6 3/4) 21/10, (8) 14/8
(6 3/4) 6.54x2.81, (8) 7.76x2.81
Compensated Thermal
Neutron (CTN)
4 3/4, 6 3/4, 8
(4 3/4) 11.1, (6 3/4) 11.8,

(8) 17.5
(4 3/4) 30/14, (6 3/4) 21/10,

(8) 14/8
(4 3/4) 4.72x2.25, (6 3/4) 6.62x2.81,

(8) 8.04x2.81
Magnetic Resonance
Imaging Logging While
Drilling (MRIL-WD)
6.75
39
21/10
6.35 x 2.81
150
20
4 3/4, 6 3/4
14.5
(4 3/4) 25/12.2 (6.91) 17.8
(4 3/4) 5.0x2.81, (6 3/4) 6.58x2.81
175C
20K PSI
(137 mpa)
4.75
30
30/15
33.7
150 std.
175 opt.
25
( MW x Q2/C ) MW = mud weight in ppg Q = Flowrate in gpm C = 7,500
150 std. (4 3/4) 20,

175 opt. 25 (6 3/4, 8)
200 opt.
25, 30
12
72
(4 3/4) 72, (6 3/4)

4, (8) 3
(4 3/4) 193, (6 3/4)

12, (8) 11
(8) 63
20
58
47
153
Ryan Directional Services

Ryan Propagation Resistivity
450
(4 3/4) 100-350 (6.91)

300-750
Schlumberger
SonicScope475
0-400
SonicScope675
6.75
32
16/8
29.4
150 std.
30
( MW x Q2/C ) MW = mud weight in ppg
SonicScope825
8.25
32
14/7
38
150 std.
30
0-1,200
sonicVISION675
6.75
23.8
16/8
35
150 std.
175 opt.
25 std. 30
opt.
0-800
( MW x Q2/C ) MW = mud weight in ppg
Q = Flowrate in gpm C = 42,500
0-800
sonicVISION825
8.25
22.6
14/6
32
150 std.
175 opt.
25 std. 30
opt.
sonicVISION900
22.6
12/4
37
150
25
Q = Flowrate in gpm C = 750,000
0-1,200
adnVISION475
4 3/4 with Slick,

5 7/8, or 6 1/4
Stabilizer options
23.6
30/15
4.75x2.25x24.7
150 std.,
175 opt.
20
35
220
N/A
N/A
0-1,400
0-400
adnVISION675
6 3/4 with Slick,

8 3/8, or 9 3/8
Stabilizer Options
20.5
16/8
6.5x2.25x27.4
150 std.
175 opt.
20 std., 30
opt.
10
N/A
0-800
adnVISION825
8 1/4 with Slick or

10 3/8 Stabilizer
Options
22.3
14/7
8.25x2.81x26.1
150
20 std., 30
opt.
41
0-1,600
adnVISION825s
8 1/4 with 12
stabilizer
31
12/4
8.0x2.81x21.0
150
20
22
90
0-1,000
proVISION Plus (Magnetic 6 3/4 with Slick, 7

Resonance while Drilling) 3/4, 8 1/4, or 9 5/8
Stabilizer Options
*Shocks *Stick Slip
37.3
16/8
6.5x2.81x36.5
150
20
25
81
N/A
300-800
proVISION Plus (Magnetic

Resonance while Drilling)
*Shocks *Stick Slip
8 1/4 slick, 10 1/4,

10 3/8, 12 1/8
Stabalizer Options
38.47
14/7
150
20 std, 22
opt.
6.35
20.6
146
300-1,200
EcoScope
6 3/4 with 7 7/8,

8 1/4, or 9 3/8
Stabilizer Options
25.2
16/8
6.5x2.81x24.5
150 std.
175 opt.
20 std., 25
opt.
10
32
N/A
250-800
NeoScope
6 3/4 with 8 1/4

stabilizer
25.2
16/8
6.5x2.81x24.5
150 std.
175 opt.
20 std., 25
opt.
10
32
N/A
250-800
(4-3/4) 30/15 (6-3/4) 16/8,

(8-1/4) 14/7
(4-3/4) 4.75x 3.18 (6-3/4) 6.75x4.39

(8-1/4) 8.25x4.28
150 Std.
165 Opt.
(4-3/4 &
(4 3/4) 16, (6 (4 3/4) 87, (6 3/4) 10, (6 3/4) 27, (8 1/4) 11
6-3/4) 20 3/4) 2, (8 1/4) 2
(8 1/4) 2
std., 30
opt., (8-1/4)
20 std., 25
opt.
(8 1/4) 43
(4 3/4) 80-350; (6 3/4)

80-700; (8 1/4) 80-1,600
Weatherford
AZD (Azimuthal Density
Sensor)
4-3/4, 6-3/4, 8-1/4 (4-3/4) 23.2, (6-3/4) 26.8,

(8-1/4) 27.25 (includes
TNP)
1608off_50 50
8/2/16 10:47 AM
TNP (Thermal Neutron

Porosity)
ga
l/m
in
Flo
wr
an
ge
,
Pre
ss
1,2 ure
00 dro
ga p, p
l/m si
in at
Pre
s
45 sure
0 g dr
al/ op
mi , p
n si a
t
Pre
s
25 sure
0 g dr
al/ op,
mi ps
n
ia
t
Ma
x.
op
. te
mp
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tur
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Ma
C
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)
op
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si
Pre
s
10 sure
0 g dr
al/ op
mi , p
n si a
t
Eq
uiv
ale
nt
be
nd
ing
Ma
x.
(sl DLS
idi ,
ng
, ro 100
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)
ft
Le
ng
th,
To
ol
OD
, in
.
Se
rvi
ce
lin
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)
sti
ffn
es
s
4-3/4, 6-3/4, 8-1/4 (4-3/4) 23.2, (6-3/4) 26.8,

(8-1/4) 27.25 (includes
AZD)
(4-3/4) 30/15, (6-3/4) 16/8,

(8-1/4) 14/7
(4-3/4) 4.75x 3.18 (6-3/4) 6.75x4.39

(8-1/4) 8.25x4.28
150 Std.
165 Opt.
(4-3/4 & (4 3/4) 16 (6 3/4) (4 3/4) 87 (6 3/4) 10

6-3/4) 20
2 (8 1/4) 2
(8 1/4) 2
std., 30
opt., (8-1/4)
20 std., 25
opt.
(6 3/4) 27 (8 1/4) 11
(8 1/4) 43
(4 3/4) 80-350; (6 3/4)

80-700; (8 1/4) 80-1,600
CrossWave Azimuthal Sonic 4-3/4, 6-3/4, 8-1/4, (4-3/4) 29.7, (6-3/4) 26.0,
9-1/2
(8-1/4) 26.5, (9-1/2)
26.75
(4-3/4) 20/12, (6-3/4) 11/5,

(8-1/4) 10/4, ( 9-1/2) 8/4
(4-3/4) 4.75 x 4.12, (6-3/4) 6.75 x

3.06, (8-1/4) 8.25 x 6.89, (9-1/2)
9.5 x 8.8
150 Std.
165 Opt.
(4-3/4 &
(4-3/4) 19,
(4-3/4) 105, (6-3/4)
6-3/4) 20 (6-3/4) 2, (8-1/4, 11, (8-1/4, 9-1/2) 2
std., 30
9-1/2) 2
opt., (8-1/4
& 9-1/2)
20 std., 25
opt.
(6-3/4) 32, (8-1/4,

9-1/2) 6
(8-1/4 , 9-1/2) 45
(4-3/4) 80-350; (6-3/4)

80-700; (8-1/4, 9-1/2)
80-1,600
HeatWave TNP
4-3/4
14.86
30/15
4.75 x 3.04
150 Std.
180 Opt.
20 std.,
30 opt
(4-3/4) 19
(4-3/4) 19
80-350
TNP (Thermal Neutron

Porosity)
4-3/4
14.86
30/15
4.75 x 3.04
150 std.
180 opt.
20 std., 30
opt.
(4-3/4) 19
(4-3/4) 19
80-350

4.75
4 3/4
17.5
Collar-limited
Collar-defined
150 and
175
20
350 max.

6.75
6 3/4
19
Collar-limited
Collar-defined
150 and
175
20
650 max.
SureLog (Integrated
iPCD 8
19
Collar-limited
Collar-defined
150 and
175
20
1,500 max.
4-3/4, 6-3/4, 8-1/4
16.1 (4-3/4) 17.6 (6-3/4)

18.2 (8-1/4)
4.82 x 1.870 (4-3/4) 6.87 x 2.000

(6-3/4) 8.25 x 2.813 (8-1/4)
150
20, 25
(4-3/4
option)
30 (6-3/4
and 8-1/4
option)
Application
Specific
0-320 (4-3/4) 0-900 (6-3/4)

0-1,290 (8-1/4)
Azimuthal Lithodensity (ALD)
4 3/4, 6 3/4, 8
(4 3/4) 14.3, (6 3/4) 12.4,

(8) 13.6
(4 3/4) 30/14, (6 3/4) 21/10,

(8) 14/8
(4 3/4) 4.6x2.25, (6 3/4) 6.54x2.81,

(8) 7.76x2.81
150 std.
175 opt.
200 opt.
(4 3/4) 20,
25, (6 3/4,
8) 18, 25
(4 3/4) 86, (6 3/4, 8) 7
(4 3/4) 237, (6 3/4)

19, (8) 21
(6 3/4) 117, (8) 128
Stabilized Lithodensity (SLD)
4 3/4, 6 3/4, 8
(4 3/4) 14.3, (6 3/4) 12.4,

(8) 13.6
(4 3/4) 30/14, (6 3/4) 21/10,

(8) 14/8
(4 3/4) 4.6x2.25, (6 3/4) 6.54x2.81,

(8) 7.76x2.81
140
(4 3/4)
20, (6 3/4,
8) 18
(4 3/4) 86, (6 3/4, 8) 7
(4 3/4) 237, (6 3/4)

19, (8) 21
(6 3/4) 117, (8) 128
adnVISION475
4 3/4 with Slick,

5 7/8, or 6 1/4
Stabilizer options
23.6
30/15
4.75x2.25x24.7
150 std.,
175 opt.
20
35
220
N/A
N/A
0-400
adnVISION675
6 3/4 with Slick,

8 3/8, or 9 3/8
Stabilizer Options
20.5
16/8
6.5x2.25x27.4
150 std.
175 opt.
20 std., 30
opt.
10
N/A
0-800
adnVISION825
8 1/4 with Slick or

10 3/8 Stabilizer
Options
22.3
14/7
8.25x2.81x26.1
150
20 std, 30
opt.
41
0-1,600
adnVISION825s
8 1/4 with 12
stabilizer
31
12/4
8x2.81x21
150
20
22
90
0-1,000
EcoScope
6 3/4 with 7 7/8,

8 1/4, or 9 3/8
Stabilizer Options
25.2
16/8
6.5x2.81x24.5
150 std.
175 opt.
20 std., 25
opt.
10
32
N/A
250-800
NeoScope
6 3/4 with 8 1/4

stabilizer
25.2
16/8
6.5x2.81x24.5
150 std.
175 opt.
20 std., 25
opt.
10
32
N/A
250-800
(4-3/4) 30/15 (6-3/4) 16/8,

(8-1/4) 14/7
(4-3/4) 4.75x 3.18 (6-3/4) 6.75x4.39

(8-1/4) 8.25x 4.28
150 Std.
165 Opt.
(4-3/4 &
(4 3/4) 16, (6 (4 3/4) 87, (6 3/4) 10, (6 3/4) 27, (8 1/4) 11
6-3/4) 20 3/4) 2, (8 1/4) 2
(8 1/4) 2
std., 30
opt., (8-1/4)
20 std., 25
opt.
(8 1/2) 43
(4 3/4) 80-350; (6 3/4)

80-700; (8 1/4) 80-1,600
0-350 (4-3/4) 0-900 (6-3/4)

0-1,295 (8-1/4)
Density
Baker Hughes
neutron porosity
Schlumberger
Weatherford
AZD (Azimuthal Density
Sensor)
4-3/4, 6-3/4, 8-1/4 (4-3/4) 23.2, (6-3/4) 26.8,

(8-1/4) 27.25 (includes
TNP)
Formation Pressure Testing
Baker Hughes
TesTrak formation pressure 4-3/4, 6-3/4, 8-1/4
testing
23.0 (4-3/4) 24.3 (6-3/4)

24.4 (8-1/4)
150
30
Application
Specific
(4 3/4) 120, (6 3/4) 39,

(8, 9 1/2) 31
(6 3/4) 75, (8, 9

1/2) 60
(8, 9 1/2) 350
GeoTap
4 3/4, 6 3/4, 8, 9 1/2 (4 3/4) 24, (6 3/4) 28.4, (8, (4 3/4) 30/14, (6 3/4) 21/10,
9 1/2) 26.7
(8, 9 1/2) 14/8
(4 3/4) 4.76 x 2.25, (6 3/4) 6.4x2.81,

(8) 7.9 x 2.81, (9 1/2) 9.18 x 3
150
4 3/4, 25 (6 (4 3/4) 20, (6

3/4, 8, 9 1/2) 3/4) 19, (8, 9
25, 30
1/2) 15
Schlumberger
StethoScope 675
6 3/4 w/ 8 1/4 stab

6 3/4 w/ 9 1/4 stab
(Optional)
31
16/8
31
150 std.
165 opt.
20 std. 25
opt. 30 opt.
MW x Q2/C MW = mud weight in ppg Q = Flowrate in gpm C = 58,620
0-800
StethoScope 825
8 1/4 w/ 12.0 stab 8

1/4 w/ 10 3/8 stab
8 1/4 w/ 10 1/8 stab
(Optional)
31.5
13/7
35
150
20 std. 25
opt. 30 opt.
0-1,600
StethoScope 475
4 3/4 w/ 5 3/4 stab

4 3/4 w/ 5 1/2 stab
(Optional)
26
30/15
43.5
150
20 std. 25
opt. 30 opt.
0-400
4-3/4, 6-3/4, 8-1/4
(4.75) 26.2, (6.75) 24.3,

(8.25) 24.6
(4.75) 30/15, (6.75) 16/8,

(8.25) 14/7
(4.75) 4.75x3.28, (6.75) 6.75x4.24,

(8.25) 8.25x5.17
150 Std.
165 Opt.
(4-3/4 &
6-3/4) 20
std., 30
opt., (8-1/4)
20 std., 25
opt.
(6 3/4) 2
(6 3/4) 10
(6 3/4) 27
6-3/4, 9-1/2
10.7 (6-3/4) 11.4 (9-1/2)
150
25
N/A
N/A
Weatherford
PressureWave Formation
Tester
(4.75) 80-350, (6.75)

80-700, (8.25) 80-1,600
Seismic
Baker Hughes
SeismicTrak seismic-whiledrilling
265-900 (6-3/4) 530-1,270

(9-1/2)
1608off_51 51
8/2/16 10:47 AM
ga
l/m
in
Pre
ss
1,2 ure
00 dro
ga p, p
l/m si
in at
Pre
s
45 sure
0 g dr
al/ op
mi , p
n si a
t
Pre
s
25 sure
0 g dr
al/ op,
mi ps
n
ia
t
Ma
x.
op
. te
mp
era
tur
e(
Ma
C
x.
)
op
.p
res
s,
kp
si
Pre
s
10 sure
0 g dr
al/ op
mi , p
n si a
t
6.75
14
16/8
13.8
150
25, 30 opt
0-800
seismicVISION825
8.25
13.84
14/7
14.4
150
25, 30 opt
0-2,000
seismicVISION900
13.84
12/4
14.8
150
23
0-2,000
4-3/4, 6-3/4
23.5 (4-3/4) 22.1 (6-3/4)
BHA Dependent
BHA Dependent
150
20, 25
(4-3/4
option)
30 (6-3/4
option)
Application
Specific
N/A
125-350 (4-3/4) 200-900

(6-3/4)
4-3/4, 6-3/4, 9-1/2 Only RSS option available.

For Length refer to
AuToTrak. 4.52 (Bit-sub)
4.06 (RSS-sub) 5.35 (Bit
sub) 4.79 (RSS sub)
BHA Dependent
150
20, 25
(option), 20,
25 (option),
25
Application
Specific
0-1,600
0-900 (6-3/4) 0-1,600

(9-1/2)
ft
To
ol
OD
, in
.
Flo
wr
an
ge
,
Ma
x.
(sl DLS
idi ,
ng
, ro 100
tat ft
ion
)
seismicVISION675
Se
rvi
ce
lin
e(s
)
Le
ng
th,
Eq
uiv
ale
nt
be
nd
ing
sti
ffn
es
s
Schlumberger
Well Placement Technology
Baker Hughes
resistivity
ZoneTrak G near-bit
gamma ray
ZoneTrak R at-bit resistivity
6-3/4, 9-1/2
6.3 (6-3/4) 5.7 (9-1/2)
BHA Dependent
7.25 x 3.64 (6-3/4) 9.63 x 3.70 (9-1/2)
150
25, 30
(option)
Application
Specific
VisiTrak reservoir navigation

and analysis
6.75
Transmitter- 8.9 Receiver

-28.9
BHA Dependent
BHA Dependent
150
30
Application
Specific
N/A
200-900
advanced imaging
4-3/4, 6-3/4
9.8 (4-3/4)8.3 (6-3/4)
BHA Dependent
5.25 x 3.13 (4-3/4) 7.25 x 4.60 (6-3/4)
150
25
Application
Specific
N/A
0-350 (4-3/4) 0-900 (6-3/4)
SeismicTrak seismic-whiledrilling
6-3/4, 9-1/2
10.7 (6-3/4) 11.4 (9-1/2)
125
25
N/A
N/A
265-900 (6-3/4) 530-1,270

(9-1/2)
Azimuthal Deep Resistivity

(ADR)
4 3/4, 6 3/4
(4 3/4) 25.5, (6 3/4) 24.3
(4 3/4) 30/14, (6 3/4) 21/10
(4 3/4) 4.76x2.25, (6 3/4) 6.71x2.81
150
25
Azimuthal Focused
Resistivity (AFR)
4 3/4, 6 3/4, 8
(4 3/4) 10.0, (6 3/4) 10.8,

(8) 8.5
(4 3/4) 30/14, (6 3/4) 21/10,

(8) 14/8
(4 3/4) 4.74x2.25, (6 3/4) 6.56x2.81,

(8) TBD
150
(4 3/4) 24.5,
(6 3/4) 22,
(8) 24.5
At-Bit Inclination (ABI)
4 3/4, 6 3/4, 8, 9 5/8
Part of Mud Motor
(4 3/4) 30/14, (6 3/4) 21/10,

(8, 9 5/8) 14/8
150
18
PeriScopeHD
4 3/4, 6 3/4
23.5 (4 3/4), 18.3 (6 3/4)
30/15 (4 3/4) , 16/8 (6 3/4)
4.75x2.25x27 (4 3/4), 6.5x2.81x19.3

(6 3/4)
150
(4 3/4) 152, (6 3/4) 14 (4 3/4) 419, (6 3/4) 38
(6 3/4) 229
(4 3/4) 78, ( 6 3/4)

6, (8) 2
(4 3/4) 214, (6 3/4)

17, (8) 5
(6 3/4) 101, (8) 25
Depends on mud
motor
Depends on mud
motor
Depends on mud
motor
25
(4 3/4) 10, (6
3/4) 0.7
(4 3/4) 65, (6 3/4) 4
(6 3/4) 14
N/A
0-400 (4 3/4), 0-800 (6 3/4)

0-400 (4 3/4), 0-800 (6 3/4)
Schlumberger
PeriScope
4 3/4, 6 3/4
23.5 (4 3/4), 18.3 (6 3/4)
30/15 (4 3/4) , 16/8 (6 3/4)
4.75x2.25x27 (4 3/4), 6.5x2.81x19.3

(6 3/4)
150
25
(4 3/4) 10, (6
3/4) 0.7
(4 3/4) 65, (6 3/4) 4
(6 3/4) 14
N/A
geoVISION675
6.75
10.12
16/8
6.5x2.81x10
150
18
0.9
5.5
18
N/A
0-800
geoVISION825
8 1/4
12.72
13/7
8x2.81x13.5
150
15
0.15
0.95
21.8
0-1,200
arcVISION312
3.125
23.5
100/30
3x1.75x33
150
20
112
N/A
N/A
N/A
0-160
adnVISION475
4 3/4 with Slick,

5 7/8, or 6 1/4
Stabilizer options
23.6
30/15
4.75x2.25x24.7
150 std.,
175 opt.
20
35
220
N/A
N/A
0-400
adnVISION675
6 3/4 with Slick,

8 3/8, or 9 3/8
Stabilizer Options
20.5
16/8
6.5x2.25x27.4
150 std.
175 opt.
20 std., 30
opt.
10
N/A
0-800
adnVISION825
8 1/4 with Slick or

10 3/8 Stabilizer
Options
22.3
14/7
8.25x2.81x26.1
150
20 std, 30
opt.
41
0-1,600
adnVISION825s
8 1/4 with 12
stabilizer
31
12/4
8x2.81x21
150
20
22
90
0-1,000
EcoScope
6 3/4 with 7 7/8,

8 1/4, or 9 3/8
Stabilizer Options
25.2
16/8
6.5x2.81x24.5
150 std.
175 opt.
20 std., 25
opt.
10
32
N/A
250-800
NeoScope
6 3/4 with 8 1/4

stabilizer
25.2
16/8
6.5x2.81x24.5
150 std.
175 opt.
20 std., 25
opt.
10
32
N/A
250-800
MicroScope
4 3/4 with 5 3/8

slick sleeve
18
30/15
4.75x2.25x18
150
20
9.8
61
198
N/A
0-500
MicroScopeHD
4 3/4 with 5 3/4,

5 7/8, 6, 6 3/8 OD
sleeve
18
30/15
4.75x2.25x18
150
20
9.8
61
198
N/A
0-500
GuideWave Azimuthal
Resistivity Tool
4-3/4, 6-3/4
(4-3/4) 34.7, (6-3/4) 35.3
(4-3/4) 30/15, (6-3/4), 16/8
(4-3/4) 4.75x2.54, (6-3/4) 6.75x3.40
150
20 std., 30
opt.
(4-3/4) 19,
(6-3/4) 2
(4-3/4) 105, (6-3/4) 11
(6-3/4) 32
n/a
At-Bit Measurement System
4-3/4, 6-3/4
(4 3/4) 2.83 ft., (6 3/4)

3.01 ft.
(4 3/4) 30/15, (6 3/4) 16/8
(4 3/4, 6
3/4) 150
(4 3/4) 10
(6 3/4) 10
(4 3/4) 12, (6
3/4) 2
(4 3/4) 64, (6 3/4) 9
(6 3/4) 26
For optimum tool capabilities

and limits, expert company
advice is required (BHASYS
Pro).
150
25
Application
Specific
175
15
Weatherford
(4 3/4) 80-350; (6 3/4,
8) 80-700
(4 3/4) 80-350; (6 3/4)
Formation Fluid Identification and Sampling
Baker Hughes
FASTrak HD high-definition
fluid analysis sampling
and testing
6-3/4
1X Tank Carrier = 42.7

ft 4X Tank Carriers =
101.7 ft
12.69
6 3/4
34.7 + 11.8 per sample

collar
21/10
6.89x2.81 (with one sample collar)
150
20
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
4-3/4, 6-3/4
9.8 (4-3/4) 8.3 (6-3/4)
BHA Dependent
5.25 x 3.13 (4-3/4) 7.25 x 4.60 (6-3/4)
150
25
Application
Specific
N/A
4-3/4, 6-3/4
(4-3/4) 12.77, (6-3/4)

12.85
(4-3/4) 30/15, (6-3/4) 16/8
(4-3/4) 4.75x2.29, (6-3/4) 6.75x3.06
150 Std.
165 Opt.
20 std., 30
opt.
(4-3/4) 19,
(6-3/4) 2
(4-3/4) 19, (6-3/4) 2
(6-3/4) 2
6-3/4
Transmitter - 8.9 Receiver

- 28.9
BHA Dependent
BHA Dependent
150
30
Application
Specific
6.75
12.83 (Transmitter), 13.16

(Receiver)
16/8
6.5x2.81x12.83 (UD1T6),
6.5x2.81x13.16 (UD3R6)
150
25
MW x Q2/C MW = mud weight in ppg Q = Flowrate in gpm

C = 124,000
351446 gpm, 412538

gpm, 471660 gpm, 541
747 gpm, 632900 gpm
CBG Corp.
FIT-A
GeoTap IDS
Microimager
Baker Hughes
advanced imaging
0-350 (4-3/4) 0-900 (6-3/4)
Weatherford
SineWave Microimager
(4-3/4) 80-350, (6-3/4)

80-700
Reservoir Mapping While Drilling
Baker Hughes
VisiTrak reservoir navigation
and analysis
N/A
200-900
N/A
0-800
Schlumberger
GeoSphere 675 (6 3/4
Transmitter and Receiver)
GeoSphere 825 (8
Transmitter and Receiver)
8.25
13.42 (Transmitter), 13.58

(Receiver)
14/7
8x2.81x13.42 (UD1T8), 8x2.81x13.58

(UD3R8)
150
25
MW x Q2/C MW = mud weight in ppg
Q = Flowrate in gpm
0-1,200
C = 500,000
1608off_52 52
8/2/16 10:47 AM
E N G I N E E R I N G , C O N S T R U C T I O N , & I N S T A L L AT I O N
The Malikai TLP being skidded

90 m (295 ft) while at height.
(All photos courtesy ALE)
Malikai TLP jacked to record height

during onshore mating
Facility is first platform of its type in Malaysian sector
Taco Vissers
ast month, the IEV Malaysia/Hereema Marine
tion until it was above the hull for the mating operaSarah Maia
Contractors and SapuraKencana joint venture
tion. During skidding, which was completed in 12
ALE
was due to tow Sabah Shells new Malikai
hours, the accelerations of the topsides at the height
tension-leg platform (TLP) from Singapore to
of 40 m caused higher displacements than anticipatits offshore location, 100 km (62 mi) offshore
ed. To resolve this situation, both masts in the hull
Sabah, Malaysia in 500 m (1,640 ft) water depth.
area (which had a very stiff and heavy base) were
Malikai is Shells second deepwater project off Malaysia after Gu- coupled using ALEs Mega Jack heavy lift jacking system, which had
musut-Kakap, which started production in 2014. The oil field, in the a relatively light base and was therefore not very stiff. After jackingblock G PSC, comprises two main reservoirs: the 27,500-metric ton up the topsides, the jacking beam and mega beams (both above the
(30,313-ton) TLP Malaysias first will have capacity to produce hull) were coupled using a link beam and fixed connections. These
up to 60,000 b/d of oil, which will be exported 50 km (31 mi) to link beams transferred the horizontal load of the skidding accelerathe shallow-water Kebabangan platform for processing. Associated tion to both systems.
produced gas will be used to generate power on the platform and as
Subsequently, the TLP, weighing 27,500 t at this stage, was loaded
lift gas for the oil.
out onto the White Marlin transportation vessel via a 60-m (197-ft)
This June, Shell and the Technip-Malaysia Marine Heavy Engi- skidding operation involving the use of eight strand jacks fitted
neering (MMHE) joint venture (TMJV) completed onshore fabrica- with 39 strand wires, giving a total pull capacity of 5,928 metric tons
tion and commissioning of the TLP at Pasir Gudang in Peninsular (6,534 tons). In addition to the pulling operation for the load-out,
Malaysia. Prior to the departure of the TLP from the MMHE yard, ALEs barge level monitoring system allowed the company and the
ALE had been responsible for the platform assembly operation, its client to constantly monitor the vessel trim, heal and deck shape in
scope covering weighing and transporting of four unit hull blocks, real time throughout the load-out process. The monitoring system
living quarters and mega beams for the Superlift activities; weigh- also provided details of the distance pulled onto the vessel and the
ing, skidding and jacking-up of the topside; skidding the topsides at total distance left to completion.
height over the hull, followed by mating of the two structures; and
There were many challenges throughout the campaign. The Suload-out of the completed TLP.
perlift design required the construction of large beams, 4 m (13 ft)
The most notable operation was the jacking-up of the 13,800-met- high and up to 80 m (262 ft) long, to meet Technips engineering
ric ton (15,212-ton) topsides to a height of 40 m (131 ft) the high- demands and the MMHE yards operational requirements. ALE
est ever for an offshore structure of this scale. When jacked-up, the designed the system to handle a relatively large tolerance. Also,
topsides and its equipment weighed a combined 17,300 metric tons the topsides, hull, the heavy lift jacking system, skidding system,
(19,070 tons).
support beams, support masts and load-out supports all needed to
The topsides was then skidded a distance of 90 m (295 ft) at eleva- be built with certain tolerances relative to each other. Without apwww.offshore-mag.com August 2016 Offshore 53
1608off_53 53
8/2/16 10:47 AM
ALE skidding the topsides

and mating it with the hull.
propriate accuracy and dimension checks,

the topside would not mate to the hull after
jacking and skidding. The various dimension control documents were therefore assembled to check if the topsides and hull
would fit, prior to the start of the first skidding operation.
ALE designed the dimension control
procedure with TMJV, maintaining regular
dialogue with Technips engineering office
in Kuala Lumpur and the MMHE yard in
Pasir Gudang. Previous experiences with
large settlements and high wind speeds led
the company to investigate the effect of different external factors. However, it became
clear that the accelerations of the topside
when skidding on height would have much
more of an impact than both wind and settlement. Because the topsides is relatively
heavy compared to the jacking system underneath, the second-order effects caused
large displacements at the top; when the
jacking system was 1 mm different at the
bottom, this meant a displacement of more
than 15 mm (0.6 in.) at the top. Furthermore, the accelerations of the skidding sys-
1608off_54 54
tem could cause displacements of up to 300

mm (11.81 in.).
To resolve this issue, ALE investigated
the option of adding bracings, developing
numerous finite element (FE) models to
assess their optimum position and angle.
The bracings also needed to be lengthened
during jacking up, making the application of
fixed solutions such as pipes or masts extremely time consuming. Strand jack bracings were therefore introduced which would
be extended and synchronized with the
heavy lift jacking system. FE models took
into account each different pretension, the
number and type of strands, and strand jack
positions. The solution adopted ensured the
8/2/16 10:47 AM
Visit ou0r in
3
stand 565 at
hall
6
ONS 201 2016
Sept 1,
Aug 29 vanger,
Sta
Norway
Leading in development and manufacturing of oil mist

separators for combustion engines and turbines.
Emission reduction &

increased efciency
by the use of highly efcient oil mist separators
at crankcase and lube oil tank ventilation.
Above: Load-out of the TLP. Below: Load cells used for the weighing.
complete system displacements during jacking would be within the

allowable limits.
Because this project was one of the first skidding-at-height-projects involving such heavy modules, many different parties were involved in checking and confirming the strength of the heavy-lift jacking system. ALE had direct contact with different sections of TMJV
and the main contractor, SSPC.
The team performed thorough risk assessments and implemented special safety measures introduced. As both the heavy lift and
skidding systems are operated remotely via a control room and are
equipped with computerized controls, which in turn have numerous
inbuilt safety systems, these provided a safe way of working and protected both workers and the clients equipment during lifting. To minimize the horizontal displacements at the top of the jack-up, stability
bracings (strand jacks) were applied to stabilize the heavy lift system.
These strand jacks were to be kept under pre-tension during jack-up
and effective communication was key to the success of this operation.
The Mega Jack, with its capacity to easily lift the topsides to the
desired height, permitted the client to work on both the topsides and
the hull on ground level, therefore optimizing the logistics needed
for such a build as well as providing a safer solution with a reduction
in working at height.
All separate items had to be aligned and positioned precisely, to
meet the correct end position of the topside within a few millimeters.
This was a major challenge, which ALE managed with TMJV. The
client imposed a tight deadline to ensure all offshore components
were assembled by a pre-determined date. Because the equipment
was easy to mobilize and handle, and despite the challenges faced
on-site, the Superlift was completed without any delay to the projects
schedule.
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1608off_55 55
8/2/16 10:47 AM
Bibby Sapphire in port during

mobilization. (All photos
courtesy Bibby Offshore)
Flexible engineering approach critical

for subsea structure removal
Marine growth, contamination can complicate cutting
ecommissioning is an emerging sector

with opportunities continuing to accelerate, particularly in the North Sea.
Bibby Offshore, which has a 10year decommissioning track record,
was the first subsea vessel contractor to join
the UK association Decom North Sea. Since
2009 the company has been engaged in at
least one decommissioning project annually,
with programs last year for Endeavour at the
Renee/Rubie fields in the UK central North
Sea and for Tullow at the Thames complex
in the UKs southern gas basin. The company recovered material that included over
23 km (14.3 mi) of flexibles, over 17 km
(10.6 mi) of umbilical, 14 km (8.7 mi)
of flowline, 40-plus subsea structures,
and over 1,100 concrete mats.
Decommissioning brings different
challenges to traditional IRM or subsea
construction, such as the need to land
and secure large, complex-shaped,
marine growth-covered subsea architecture which may be contaminated
with NORM (naturally occurring radioactive materials) and hydrocarbons
on the back deck of a moving vessel
offshore. The sequencing of multiple
lifts needs to be engineered to maximize the vessels deck loading capacity,
with the flexibility to allow for alterna-
Alan Edwards
Bibby Offshore
tive sequences due to the impact of adverse

weather on different lifts, or because of field
access restrictions.
Lift planning and associated rigging must
take into account the difficulties associated
with landing multiple items on a moving
deck, yet at the same time allow for the unexpected. Items can frequently exceed their
original lift weights because of excessive
marine growth coverage, modification dur-
ing their subsea lifespan, or excessive grouting and adhesion to the seabed. It is important, therefore, to assess the integrity of long
submerged lifting points and, if necessary,
devise alternative lifting solutions.
Bibby has had to cut large manifolds in
half while they are still subsea to reduce the
structures weight in order to comply with
crane capacity limits, and to accommodate
the vessels deck space restrictions. However, good planning can lead to an effective
deck layout that maximizes use of space,
thereby reducing the number of port calls
required and the associated costs.
Another imperative is to be ready at all
times for unplanned spills and the release of residual hydrocarbons which,
if handled poorly, could have significant environmental impact. Bibby has
equipped its vessels with bunding for
containment along with spill kits and
the means of cleaning and processing
of the leaked residuals. In order to
safely deal with any NORM contamination, the company has trained some
of its vessel-based personnel as Radiation Protection Advisers (RPA), while
Flowline and umbilical recovery

to back deck of vessel.
1608off_56 56
8/2/16 10:47 AM
0, 2016
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1608off_57 57
OWNED &
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8/2/16 10:47 AM
its vessels are equipped with gas sensors and emergency breathing
apparatus for crew members in case a gas release occurs, for instance, from flexible flowlines during recovery.
In addition, the company has relations and regular dialogue with
supply chain partners and subcontractors to ensure the best equipment, techniques and solutions are available for whatever situations
may arise.
Shallow-draft disconnection
For one project last year, a prime requirement was the timely release of the FPSO from the oil field location. The program called for
sinking and recovery of two mid-water arches; disconnection of nine
risers and two umbilicals from beneath the FPSO turret; and cutting
of nine mooring chains.
The only means of disconnection was to cut through the risers,
umbilicals and mooring lines. However, the FPSOs draft had to remain shallow with the severed risers not exceeding a length of 2.8
m (9.2 ft) below the hull so that the vessel could transit to a berth
on the River Tees in northeast England. The operation involved not
only working directly beneath the vessels hull at a very shallow
depth in a highly congested area, but also cutting through numerous bend restrictor connectors in addition to the risers.
By working closely with service providers the company was able
to deliver a tooling solution for cutting holes in and sinking the
mid-water arches, and a diamond wire cutter, installed above and
forward of one of the ROVs so that the cuts could be made at the
shallowest possible level.
So large and heavy was the cutter assembly that, had it been di-
Mattresses on back deck of Bibby Sapphire.
rectly attached to the work-class ROV frame, the weight and position
of the unit would have had a major impact on the ROV and the tether
management systems center of gravity in air and on the associated
wave loading. This would have rendered deployment and recovery
impossible.
The solution was a specially designed interface frame that allowed the unit to be deployed independently by the vessels crane.
The ROV then docked with the cutter frame while subsea with a
second work class ROV detaching the rigging. The system proved
to be effective and all risers and umbilicals were severed within 2 m
(6.6 ft) or less of the FPSO hull.
Although decommissioning is a growth market, there is also a
need on all sides to contain costs. One approach may be greater
collaboration with suppliers and clients to better integrate services
and batch works for multiple campaigns involving, for instance, well
abandonment particularly for activity that does not require the
services of a drilling rig. Reducing the level of interactions with different companies when completing a project would also save time.
Bibby has devised a vessel share arrangement under which
clients can agree to a single linked campaign workscope that addresses each of their demands. Intoduced in February, Unlocking
Subsea Productivity is designed to reduce costs associated with
vessel mobilization periods and non-productive time, leading to an
increase in overall work time. During decommissioning operations,
if multiple operators have dive support vessel preparation work to
carry out, these small scopes of work could be completed in a linked
campaign.
1608off_58 58
8/2/16 10:47 AM
FPSO market shows signs of resiliency

Contract awards expected to increase in 2017
Christopher M. Barton
Wood Group Mustang
FPSO awards
per year.
here has been considerable discussion over the past year about
the impact of falling oil prices on oil and gas activity around
the world. In 2016, global upstream capex is set to fall below
$400 billion for the first time since 2009, and is projected to be
down 42% from its record high in 2014. Non-sanctioned deepwater
projects viable even at $75/bbl have been postponed, recycled for
further cost review, or even scrapped as the price hovers in the $4050 range.
Wood Group Mustang assisted Offshore magazine in compiling
its 2016 Deepwater Solutions & Records for Concept Selection poster
that appeared as an insert in its May 2016 issue. This month, the
company helped prepare another poster: the 2016 Worldwide Survey
of Floating Production, Storage and Offloading (FPSO) Units, which
can be found within this issue. Both posters show differences from
the 2015 database, although FPSO installations and first production
changes have been much more pronounced.
The 2016 Deepwater Solutions & Records poster showed very little
growth in the number of FPSs reaching first production from the
previous year in most categories, including TLPs, semisubmersibles
and spars. While the FPSO segment has also been severely impacted, the numbers have been tempered by units previously sanctioned
and well into the construction cycle.
The growth and stability of the FPSO market is more robust than
other floating facilities for many reasons. They usually require less
capex; can be brought on production quicker (even as a full-scale
conversion), with attendant cash flow benefits; have the possibility
for relocation from one comparable field to another; and can be easier to demobilize and scrap than other deepwater FPS types.
A quick review of the FPSO market indicates that only four out
of a probable 15 FPSO projects were awarded in 2015, as orders
dried up after 1Q 2015; while seven FPSOs were decommissioned.
No more than five FPSO awards are expected in 2016.
Nevertheless, the advantages of FPSOs underscore the rationale
for a continuing interest taken by contractors and producers alike.
Conversion and redeployment. Of the various FPS types, the FPSO offers the best opportunity for redeployment or conversion. Design and
construction of upgraded hull and topsides facilities for vessel redeployment to a field with similar conditions can vary between seven
and 12 months, depending on the extent of modifications needed for
operating at its new assignment. Even a full FPSO conversion can be
completed in less than 24 months, far less than a newbuild floating
system of any other type.
Aging fleet disposition. As the survey indicates, more than 70% of the
FPSO fleet operating worldwide today has been converted from its former life as an oil tanker or very large crude carrier. This conversion
practice dates back almost 40 years and has provided vessels with extended life as both a producer and a storage vessel. There are currently
FPSOs that have been in operation for more than 20 years, many of
which started out in another capacity. When poor field economics, outdated vessel performance, or non-renewal of a lease contracts dictate
the vessels removal, the FPSO can be taken from the field and decommissioned or scrapped. Currently, the database shows three vessels
scrapped in 2016 and three becoming idle as contracts expired. Further

units are expected to be taken from service during the 2nd half of 2016.
Standardization. Anadarko Petroleum gained considerable attention for the fasttrack engineering and construction of its Lucius
and Heidelberg deepwater spar FPSs. The two-for-one approach
allowed topsides production facilities standardization that dramatically reduced schedule cycle time from project sanction to first production. The duplicate facilities allowed lessons learned to be implemented at critical stages, saving manpower, reducing procurement
lead times, lowering fabrication costs and ensuring improved safety
to meet current standards. In addition, there is an increasingly complex web of relationships emerging across the supply chain to lower
the cost and improve returns in offshore developments.
A similar philosophy has been part of Petrobras FPSO approach
to producing in complex presalt field developments. Using SBM Offshores G3 design, in late 2014 SBM first inaugurated the Cidade de
Ilhabela in 7,000 ft water depth. Subsequently, it used the basic design to follow shortly thereafter with the Cidade de Marica to reach
first production in similar water depth in February 2016. A sister
vessel, Cidade de Saquarema, with identical capabilities started production in July.
Water depth flexibility. FPSO installations appear to be heading toward deeper waters, especially those destined for Petrobras fields
offshore Brazil. In addition to the three recently installed SBM
Offshore-leased vessels, MODECs Cidade de Itaguai and Cidade de
Caraguatatuba will operate in 7,350 ft and 6,900 ft, respectively.
The most anticipated fleet additions in 2016 is the SBM Offshoredesigned Turritella, which will operate for Shell at about 9,500 ft. With
innovative disconnect and mooring capabilities, it will be the second
installed FPSO in the Gulf of Mexico and the deepest of the worlds
FPS fleet. The versatility of FPSOs at much lower water depths can also
be demonstrated, as with the recently installed Front Puffin, which is
producing at 91 m (<300 ft) offshore Nigeria.
While the deepwater segment of the oil and gas industry has been
constrained due to lower oil prices, the FPSO market is showing some
signs of resiliency. Due in part to its economic and operational advantages over other FPS types, lease contract awards are expected
to increase in 2016 from the prior years and be even more robust in
2017.
1608off_59 59
8/2/16 10:47 AM
P R O D U C T I O N O P E R AT I O N S
Twin-platform complex to maximize

Montrose Area resources
Jeremy Beckman
Editor, Europe
ne of Britains longest serving platforms is set for a sixth decade of service as part of Repsol Sinopec Resources UKs
Montrose Area Redevelopment. The renovated Montrose
Alpha structure, which processes oil and gas from Montrose
and other fields in the area, has also been bridge-linked to
a new platform that will receive production from the Cayley and
Shaw satellite developments. The program is designed to recover 100 MMboe from the area, extending the lives of facilities
that would otherwise be facing decommissioning.
Amoco discovered the Montrose field, 200 km
(124 mi) east of Aberdeen, in 1971 and produced
first oil five years later via a fixed steel drilling,
production and quarters platform (Montrose
Alpha). Since the mid-1980s, the oil has been
exported to eastern Scotland via a pipeline
connection to the Forties system.
In 1990, Amoco modified the platforms
processing equipment and expanded its
duties to reception of oil from the new Arbroath field drilling and production platform to the south. Over the next 15 years,
as stewardship of the area switched from
Amoco to BP to Paladin Resources, tie-ins
followed of the Arkwright, Brechin and
Carnoustie fields to Arbroath. Talisman
Energy then took over, adding the Wood
oil field to that list, installing the Wood
and Gas Export (WaGE) processing/compression module at Montrose Alpha and
a new 6-in. pipeline delivering gas from
the various fields into the CATS offshore
trunkline system.
Over the past decade, Talisman had built a reputation as a North
Sea field rehabilitation specialist. During 2007-09 the company discovered oil and gas at three new fields in the area, Godwin, Cayley
and Shaw, as part of an exploration campaign to add resources and
extend the lives of the Montrose/Arbroath production facilities.
Work on the MonArb project, as it was known at the time, continued until 2012, when Talisman agreed to form a joint venture with
Chinese oil company Sinopec to further develop its UK interests. In
October that year the UK government approved the duos plans for
what is now known as the Montrose Area Redevelopment (MAR).
The impetus for MAR had been the three discoveries building the resource base then growing volumes in order to monetize
it, said project manager Hugh McClure. But at the same time we
were also looking to improve production efficiency and to ensure we
swept the Montrose reservoir effectively.
To date Montrose has produced around 95 MMbbl of oil, somewhat below Amocos original expectations. The reservoir, like Arbroaths, is a domed structure in the Palaeocene Forties Formation
reservoir - the same horizon as the Forties field to the northwest.
Permeability is poor in places, with a high shale content. Water injection to improve reservoir sweep started in 1978 beneath the oil
column. Previous operators also considered reinjection of the pro-
Schematic of the Greater Montrose Area.

(All images courtesy Repsol Sinopec
Resources UK)
duced gas to further assist recovery, but

concluded this would not be viable.
However, a review of 4D data over
Montroses Forties formation sandstones
identified infill opportunities in channels
that had not been fully swept. These oil
pockets have since been matured to drillready prospects using reprocessed inversion products from three seismic datasets.
McClure describes the wide-ranging
goals behind MAR as a case of tying in the
pieces of the jigsaw that make up the whole
value pie. Part of the value is that you extend
tail-end production and at the same time access new reserves that you couldnt have developed if Montrose had been abandoned, and
decommissioning was on the cards. Along the
road to our decision we had evaluated various different concepts. The one we chose was a bit unusual
a brand new platform tying into a 40-year-old facility,
which we knew we would have to rip the heart out of in
order to make it fit for extended service.
Cayley and Shaw benefited from the governments newly
introduced small fields allowance, but during 2013 cost pressures came to bear on MAR. The project had been sanctioned
with a particular concept and execution plan in mind, McClure explained, at a time when the market was hot and still rising. Some things
we agreed on we would not have done now, looking back.
Toward the end of 2014 when the oil price started its inexorable
slide, shareholders and partner Marubeni North Sea got together with
a view to revising the plan and the projects execution. They were, and
have been very supportive, McClure said. In the end, the partners
agreed to reset the project and accept the extra investment, but there
were also certain things we decided not to do in order to save costs.
One of the key decisions concerned the infill drilling program for
the Montrose reservoir, intended to boost the fields oil production
to 10,000 b/d, assisted by extra gas-lift and water-handling capacity
supplied from the BLP. The original plan had been for Archer to
drill six wells from Montrose Alpha using a modular rig, with dry
trees. Last November, however, the joint venture decided to cancel
Archers two-year, $98-million contract. We had to evaluate the optimum way of developing the reserves, McClure explained, and a
temporary rig on the platform also requires a crew, associated services, and hookup operations. So we went back to the drawing board
and now plan to reissue the drilling contract early next year.
There are two main aspects to our cost review process, McClure
said. One involves what I would call good capex, investing and getting
our money back through increased production efficiency. The other is
not so good capex, spending on infrastructure such as new gratings
and hand rails at Montrose Alpha. There is plenty to do in that regard,
1608off_60 60
8/2/16 10:47 AM
P R O D U C T I O N O P E R AT I O N S
Heerema Marine
Contractors crane
vessel Thialf installs
the topsides onto
the jacket of the
bridge-linked
platform in May.
but that is the cost of doing business in this type of project.

AMEC is the main contractor responsible for the structural upgrades to Montrose Alpha, and also for the current hookup phase.
This is a relatively small production platform by early North Sea standards larger than Arbroaths, which is manned by a very small crew,
but producing less oil. Alongside Montrose Alpha is the original developments six-pile tripod structure supporting the flare bridge, with
a cantilever at the end where the tip is. It is not the most efficient arrangement, McClure said, causing restrictions to marine operations,
but it will nevertheless stay in place.
CB&I in London designed the BLP, which will have capacity to process up to 30,000 b/d of liquids and 150 MMcf/d of gas from Cayley
and Shaw, and which will also provide injection water, lift-gas and chemicals to the two satellites and any other discoveries nearby that might
be tied back at a later stage. OGN in Wallsend, northeast England built
the 71-m (233-ft) tall, 5,745-ton jacket, which supports 12 gas risers, four
j-tubes and seven caissons, while Heerema Fabrication Group in Zwijndrecht supplied the 10,500-metric ton (11,574-ton) topsides. Early this
May the Heerema Marine Contractors crane vessel Thialf placed the
topsides on the pre-installed jacket (secured by six 2.4-m dia. piles), and
also the 71-m connecting bridge to Montrose Alpha and flare boom for
the BLP, both constructed by Wilton Engineering Services Ltd.
Early UK North Sea platforms were not engineered for long service lives, hence the sectors recent issues with extended maintenance downtime. The BLP may not need to operate for 40 years, but
its design covers all eventualities. We used exotic materials such as
duplex and super-duplex widely, including a lot of areas where this
had not been done before, McClure said, so we are not expecting
that facility to show wear and tear as on earlier platforms.
Although the BLP is normally unmanned, we followed the same
design criteria as for a manned platform. It has a blast wall and behind that are the hazardous and near-hazardous areas, which take
you back to Montrose Alpha.
There is nothing step-out in terms of the technology on board. We
plan to make our own water onboard for process requirements, something which is normally done on platforms only for human consumption, and we will look to offload our diesel via a different type of hose
system that the company has used elsewhere. The BLP has a very sophisticated control system, with widespread cameras to ensure that our
technicians dont have to walk to certain areas unless they really need
to (as they can view those areas from the control room).
Gas will be exported via a new riser on the BLP tying into the existing gas export line to CATS at a point close to the two platforms. The
capacity of the air compressors and the firewater and seawater pumps
is also more than adequate for the BLPs needs, and can therefore be
shared with Montrose Alpha.
Godwin, Shaw, and Cayley are all Jurassic Fulmar Formation discoveries with varying characteristics that had to be addressed in the
well designs. Godwin, discovered and appraised in 2009, is a black oil
reservoir with a risk of premature water breakthrough. Gas-lift has
been incorporated into the completion. Godwin began producing last
year via an extended reach well drilled from the Arbroath platform.
Shaw, discovered and appraised by three wells, is a black oil discovery 17 km (10.6 mi) south of Montrose that will come onstream early
next year via two subsea producers equipped to receive lift-gas from
the BLPs compression system. Shaw is expected to produce in excess
of 20,000 b/d with associated gas. Here the risks are water injection
sweep and uncertainty over reservoir heterogeneity and connectivity,
but these should be mitigated by subsurface monitoring. This, combined with production performance, will be used to determine the location of water injector wells. The original plan had been to start up the
injectors around a year after first production from Shaw, but the schedule has now been brought forward to 2017. We dont want to risk the
reservoir pressure going down too much, McClure explained.
Both the Shaw producers are connected to a subsea manifold tied
back to the BLP via a 17-km (10.6-mi), 10.8-in. insulated production
line and a 4-in, lift-gas line. The water injectors will be supplied by an
18.1-km (11.2-mi), 8-in. water line, with a 17-km control umbilical running from the BLP to the producers and from there to the injectors.
Four exploration and appraisal wells revealed Cayley, 10 km (6.2
mi) west of Montrose, to be a relatively high-pressure gas-condensate
reservoir with high-salinity fluids and an associated risk of corrosion.
The two subsea production wells are deviated to minimize late-life
sand ingress, with water wash facilities incorporated, and equipment
to receive lift-gas from the BLP if needed. The reservoir is on the
margin of HP/HT, McClure said, but there are no real step-out design features in the wells. Shaws oil will be exported through an existing flowline into the Forties pipeline system and further to Cruden
Bay, north of Aberdeen, via an existing export riser at Montrose.
Cayleys wells are connected to another subsea manifold, tied back to
the BLP via an 8-in. pipe-in-pipe production line, a 3-in. lift-gas line and a
4-in. utility line. These are combined within a 32.5-in. pipeline bundle, supplied and installed by Subsea 7, including umbilical and chemical cores
and divided into two 5-km (3.1-mi) sections. Repsol Sinopec Resources
anticipates plateau gas production from Cayley of 65 MMcf/d and associated liquids both fields could remain in production for 15-20 years.
The semisubs Sedco 711 and Sedco 712 drilled all four producers for
both fields over two years, while Subsea 7 manufactured and installed
the pipeline bundles and other subsea facilities under a $285-million
contract.
There have reportedly been other discoveries in the Montrose area,
and a team from Repsol Sinopec Resources is examining other potential satellite structures. Based on current production predictions, ullage
should be available in the infrastructure for another tieback in the medium term, McClure said.
Montrose Alpha is currently shut down while our team implements
changes to the emergency shutdown, fire and gas and control systems,
also putting in three new main oil line pumps and a new cooling system,
and the facility will remain off-line until late summer. At the same time,
people are working on the BLP as part of the 12-week hookup campaign to ensure the new platform is mechanically complete. Thereafter,
the focus switches to pre-commissioning and commissioning activity,
all to be done while the BLP is still hydrocarbon-free. Later in the year,
when we have checked all systems to our satisfaction, we will be in a
position to introduce hydrocarbons into the BLP and then prepare sequentially for production from Shaw, Cayley, and then water injection.
The next major program will be on the Arbroath platform where
there will be similar upgrades to the control and emergency shutdown
systems. The current plan is to complete the design next year followed
by installations in 2018.
1608off_61 61
8/2/16 10:47 AM
SUBSEA
Operators advancing
long-distance subsea tiebacks
Jessica Tippee
Assistant Editor
espite the market downturn, subsea tiebacks continue to provide one of the most
economical means of developing deepwater fields. Douglas-Westwoods (DW)
latest subsea hardware market forecast
predicts expenditure of $94.3 billion between
2016 and 2020. This represents a 19% decline on
the preceding five-year period. While reduced
installation activity is expected in the short-term
due to limited project sanctioning and falling subsea order backlogs, the analyst says the long-term
fundamentals of the subsea hardware industry
are strong, as they continue to benefit from continued increase in hydrocarbon demand, declining
onshore and shallow water reserves, and technological improvements.
Research director and editor Steve Robertson said: Despite the negativity caused by the
prolonged low oil price, subsea hardware remain a critical option for future developments,
as new reserves are discovered in remote and
deepwater basins.
Despite concerns over deepwater project
economics, subsea expenditure continues to
trend toward deeper water, which accounts
for 48% of total expenditure over the forecast
period an 8% increase compared with the
previous forecast period.
From a supply-chain perspective, this point
in the cycle is an opportunity to bring through
new approaches and technology for deepwater
developments to improve efficiency and lower
cost. In the long run, DW said it remains of the
view that deepwater will be a cost competitive
source of world-class hydrocarbon reserves.
Sean Salter, vice president of Technology
at Woodside, said: The oil and gas industry
needs to re-assess standalone host developments due to higher costs and look more
closely at tieback opportunities. Subsea processing technologies enable long distance tieback opportunities for remote and marginal
fields. Cost reduction through simplification
and standardization is key to ensuring application of these technologies.
As the industry ventures into deeper waters
and harsher climates, the number of long-distance subsea tiebacks is expected to increase.
Deepwater Gulf of Mexico

Many operators are capitalizing on the low
price environment by focusing on capital efficient subsea tieback opportunities by leveraging existing infrastructure, especially in the
Maria is Wintershalls first operated development in Norway. (Image courtesy Wintershall)
Gulf of Mexico.
In April 2016, ExxonMobil started oil production from the Julia field in the ultra-deepwater
Gulf of Mexico. Sanctioned in May 2013 with
partner Statoil, the initial development phase
encompasses a 15-mi (25-km) subsea tieback to
the Chevron-operated Jack and St. Malo floating production platform. The $4-billion development includes six subsea wells, one six-slot
manifold, two umbilicals, six jumpers, two flowlines with two steel catenary risers, two subsea
pump modules, and topsides support equipment. According to ExxonMobil, the development includes the use of subsea pumps that
have one of the deepest applications and highest design pressures in the industry to date.
Discovered in 2007, Julia is 265 mi (426 km)
southwest of New Orleans in the Walker Ridge
area in water depths of approximately 7,000 ft
(2,134 m). The fields lifespan is estimated at
up to 40 years, with an initial production rate of
up to 34,000 b/d.
Late last year Noble Energy started up the
Rio Grande development, which consists of
the Big Bend and Dantzler fields. These are
tied-back to SBM Offshores Thunder Hawk
DeepDraft semisubmersible located in 6,060 ft
(1,847 m) of water. Big Bend is 18 mi (29 km)
from the production platform in 7,200 ft (2,195
m) of water in Mississippi Canyon block 698,
while Dantzler is 7 mi (11 km) away from the
platform in 6,580 ft (2,006 m) of water in Mississippi Canyon block 782. By leveraging existing infrastructure, the operator was able to
bring Big Bend and Dantzler onstream three

years and two years from discovery, respectively. Gary W. Willingham, Noble Energys
executive vice president of operations, said:
Short cycle times to first production, strong
well deliverability, and low production costs
from our Gulf of Mexico projects deliver attractive returns even in todays environment.
In July, Noble Energys Gunflint oil field
entered production. Discovered in 2008 and
sanctioned in 2013, Gunflint is a two-well, 23mi (37-km) subsea tieback to the Gulfstar One
FPS. Water depths range from 4,100-6,100 ft
(1,250-1,859 ft). The spar-based FPS is moored
135 mi (217 km) southeast of New Orleans, in
about 4,000 ft (1,219 m) of water. It has a capacity for 60,000 b/d of oil and 135 MMcf/d of gas.
Anadarko has identified 30 tieback opportunities in the Gulf including moving forward
with Phase II of the Caesar/Tonga deepwater
field development. Phase II is being developed as a subsea tieback to the Anadarkooperated Constitution spar in Green Canyon
blocks 726 and 727. The new development is
in about 5,000 ft (1,524 m) of water. First oil is
anticipated by the end of 2017.
Recent project sanctions

While many deepwater projects have been
delayed or canceled due to the low oil price,
some major projects have received the greenlight by opting for subsea tiebacks.
Offshore Western Australia, Woodside Energy and Mitsui E&P Australia recently sanc-
1608off_62 62
8/2/16 10:47 AM
SUBSEA
tioned the $1.9-billion Greater Enfield development. The project is targeting 69 MMboe from
the Laverda Canyon, Norton over Laverda,
and Cimatti oil accumulations, 37 mi (60 km)
offshore Exmouth.
The Laverda area oil accumulations lie in a
water depth of about 2,625 ft (800 m) and the
Cimatti oil accumulation lies in a water depth
of about 1,805 ft (550 m). All will be produced
via a 19-mi (31-km) subsea tieback to the
FPSO Ngujima-Yin serving the Vincent oil
field. First oil is targeted for mid-2019.
Woodside CEO Peter Coleman said breakthroughs in technology and contracting collectively allowed the program to go forward.
We have achieved investment spend at the
low end of our guidance range, he added.
This allows us to accelerate the development of previously stranded resources.
Greater Enfield calls for six subsea production wells and six water injection wells. Production will be supported by subsea multiphase booster pumps in the Laverda area and
gas lift in the Cimatti area.
The operator has commissioned Aibel Pte
Ltd. to perform modifications to the FPSO Ngujima-Yins topsides, hull, and turret, along with
installation of a new custom water flood module.
Offshore Egypt, BP and partner DEA
(Deutsche Erdoel AG) are developing the
Giza/Fayoum, and Raven gas fields as deepwater long-distance tiebacks to shore. Giza/
Fayoum will be tied-back to modified onshore
Rosetta facilities and integrated with a new onshore plant for Raven. The subsea scheme is
the second phase of the $12-billion West Nile
Delta project, where field development will be
in water depths of up to 2,625 ft (800 m). Subsea
7 has secured the EPCI contract for the infrastructure associated with 12 wells and includes
49.7 mi (80 km) of umbilicals, 137 mi (220 km)
of pipelines, and installation of the export lines
from the subsea location to the onshore Idku
terminal. Offshore installation will be in two
stages, starting in 2017 with the landfall and
shallow-water pipelay. Stage 2, beginning in
2018, will involve installation of deepwater pipelines and execution of the SURF scope.
The partners have contracted OneSubsea to
supply the subsea production systems including
largebore subsea trees, manifold systems incorporating high-integrity pressure protection systems for the high-pressure Raven field, connection systems, and controls systems, along with
project engineering, management, and testing.
Production is expected to start in 2019.
In September 2015, Wintershall received approval by the Ministry of Petroleum and Energy
for the plan for development and operation for
the Maria development offshore Norway.
The Maria reservoir will be linked via a
subsea tieback to the Kristin, Heidrun, and
sgard B production platforms. The Maria
well stream will go to the Kristin platform for
processing while water supply for injection

into the reservoir will come from the Heidrun
platform, and lift gas will be provided from sgard B via the Tyrihans D field subsea template. Processed oil will be shipped to the sgard field for storage and offloading to shuttle
tankers. Gas will be exported via the sgard
Transport System to Krst.
Investments are estimated at $1.8 billion,
METAL
including development drilling. Recoverable

reserves on the field are estimated at 180
MMboe, the majority of which is oil. Startup is
scheduled for end-2018, with the field likely to
remain in production for 23 years.
The Maria field is located about 12 mi (20
km) east of the Kristin field and about 28 mi
(45 km) south of the Heidrun field in the
Halten Terrace in the Norwegian Sea.
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1608off_63 63
8/2/16 10:47 AM
FLOWLINES AND PIPELINES
Operators planning nearly 4,000 miles

of offshore pipelines through 2020
Bruce Beaubouef
Managing Editor
perators and developers are studying, planning and building

almost 4,000 mi (6,436 km) of oil and gas export and transmission pipelines to bring these supplies from offshore fields
to onshore markets.
The total from this years offshore pipeline construction
survey reflects a significant decrease from last year, which showed a
total of 6,577 mi (10,582 km) a dramatic 39.8% decrease. The lower
number is explained by the completion of a number of large-scale
projects; the cancellation of Turkish Stream project; and the generally anemic state of the market.
Some of the more notable completed projects include: the 298-mi,
36-in. Polarled pipeline; the 140-mi, 44-in. Wheatstone pipeline; the
552-mi, 42-in. Ichthys pipeline; and the 249-mi, 24-in. Rota 2 pipeline
offshore Brazil. The completion of these projects removed some
1,239 miles from the survey.
The cancellation of the Turkish Stream project, however, was the
single biggest factor in the surveys lowered numbers. That project
had called for four 566-mi pipelines to move Russian natural gas to
Turkey via the Black Sea. The project was cancelled in late 2015
due to rising tensions between the two countries. The cancellation
of that project removed 2,264 miles from the survey. Nevertheless,
there are a number of new construction projects going forward.
As usual, Europe is the leader in offshore projects, with some
2,323 mi of pipelines being built and planned, representing 58.6% of
the worldwide total.
Work on the long-planned Trans Adriatic pipeline will begin this
year, and Saipem has been selected by Trans Adriatic Pipeline AG
to construct the offshore section. The Trans Adriatic pipeline is designed to take gas from the Azeri sector of theCaspian Seato southern and central Europe.
Saipem will install the final section of the gas line across theAdriatic Seabetween Albania and Italy. The workscope includes marine
surveys; laying of the 105-km (65-mi), 36-in. pipeline in water depths
of up to 820 m (2,690 ft) using the semisubmersible pipelay vesselCastoro Seiand the trench/pipelay bargeCastoro 10; supply and
installation of an offshore fiberoptic cable; pre-commissioning activities; and civil works at the landfalls in the two countries.
The landfall in San Foca, Puglia, on Italys east coast will be constructed using micro-tunnelling technology. Saipem will start its
construction program this year.
Even more notable are the plans for Nord Stream 2, which proposes to double the capacity of the original dual-pipeline system
completed in 2012. Nord Stream 2 calls for another dual pipeline
system to run with two 745-mi, 48-in. pipelines across the Baltic Sea
from Russias Baltic coast to the German coast near Greifswald,
without an intermediate compressor station.
This second Nord Stream system was first announced last September,
when an international consortium of six major companies announced
plans for the project. The consortium includes Russias Gazprom, Ger-
Saipems ultra-deepwater pipelay vessel Castorone will install a 26-in. gas

export trunkline offshore Egypt as part of the Zohr gas field development
project in the Mediterranean Sea. (Courtesy Saipem)
man companies Uniper SE and BASF SE/Wintershall Holding GmbH,

Royal Dutch Shell, Austrias OMV, and Frances Engie S.A.
Recently, the Nord Stream 2 consortium awarded line pipe supply
contracts to Europipe, United Metallurgical Co., and Chelyabinsk
Pipe-Rolling Plant. These companies will collectively supply some
2,500 km of line pipe for the project starting in September.
The consortium has also awarded a contract to Wasco Coatings
Europe BV for the concrete weight coating and storing of more than
200,000 pipe joints. Pipe deliveries to concrete weight coating facilities are planned to start this September, with the concrete weight
coating process starting at the beginning of 2017. Construction of
both Nord Stream 2 pipelines is scheduled to begin in 2018.
The Middle East comes in second in the survey, with some 1,093
mi of pipelines being built and planned, representing 27.6% of the
worldwide total. Perhaps most notable project here is the proposed
Iran-Oman gas pipeline, which would deliver Iranian gas through the
Persian Gulf to Omani gas markets.
The project is still undergoing feasibility studies, but seven foreign
companies have expressed interest in working with Iranian contractors
on the construction of the line.
The 400-km (248-mi) pipeline will have both onshore and offshore
sections. The land part would run approximately 200 km (124 mi)
from Rudan to Mobarak Mount in Irans southern Hormozgan province. The subsea pipeline will run another 200 km from that point
through the Persian Gulf to reach Sohar Port in Oman. Cost of the
subsea construction has been estimated at $1.5 billion.
The most notable pipelay project in the Gulf of Mexico is the proposed Texas-Tuxpan natural gas pipeline, designed to move natural
gas from south Texas through the Gulf to onshore power markets in
Mexico.
TransCanada says that it has been selected by the Comisin Federal de Electricidad, Mexico state-owned power company, to build, own,
and operate the pipeline. Plans call for this system to run 800 km (497
1608off_64 64
8/2/16 10:47 AM
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1608off_65 65
8/2/16 10:47 AM
FLOWLINES AND PIPELINES
mi) with 42-in. pipe, with at least 690 km (429 mi) of it to run offshore.
TransCanada expects to invest approximately $1.3 billion in the
pipeline, which will begin in the Gulf of Mexico at the border point
near Brownsville, Texas, then run offshore along the Mexican coast.
The system will have three laterals that extend onshore to power generation markets in Matamoros in Tamaulipas state, and Altamira and
Tuxpan in the state of Veracruz.
The bid for the Sur de Texas-Tuxpan project was presented in partnership with IEnova, a subsidiary of Sempra Energy. The joint ven-
ture, Infraestructura Marina del Golfo (IMG), is targeting a late 2018

in-service date for the pipeline.
Shawcor says its pipeline coating group has received a conditional
contract from IMG to provide coating solutions for the project. The
contract involves coating around 690 km (429 mi) of 42-in. pipe with
concrete weight coating in a variety of thicknesses (2.25-in., 2.752-in.
and 3.5-in.); and Shawcor will also supply and install 5,000 sacrificial
anodes. Coating is expected to begin in early 2017 and be completed
by the end of the year.
2016 Global offshore pipeline construction survey

Length
(miles)
Pipe dia.
in inches
Enbridge
16
Shell
90
Total Miles
106
Company
Max. water
depth (ft)
Project status
Gathering,
crude
3,500
Planned
2018
Appomattox platform to existing

pipeline system, South Pass area
(Mattox pipeline)
Export, crude
7,200
Planned
2020
Await start
4Q 2018
Location of project
Type of service
18
Green Canyon block 468

(Stampede lateral)
24
Contractor and/or
engineering firm
In-service
target
UNITED STATES
MEXICO
TransCanada/
Sempra Energy
429
42
Offshore Gulf of Mexico to

Matamoros, Altamira, and Tuxpan
Export, gas
PEMEX
90
Dual 18-in.
Lakach field, Mexican GoM
Gathering, gas
Total Miles
90
Polish exclusive economic zone,
southern Baltic Sea
Export, gas
Shah Deniz field, Caspian Sea
Export, gas
Ionian Sea
Export, gas
3,937
Await start
Saipem (E&C)
4Q 2017
Under Study
Subsea Engineering Associates (C )
Planned
Wood Group Kenny (E)
2018
Subsea 7 (C )
2017
EUROPE
Baltic Gas
73
BP (Shah Deniz 2)
310
IGI Poseidon SA
135
Maersk Oil
42
1,800
Under Study
32
22
Block 22/25, central North Sea
Export, gas
295
Await start
1,491
Dual 48
Russia to Germany via Baltic Sea
Export, gas
360
Under Study
Trans Adriatic Pipeline AG
65
36
Fier, Albania, to San Foca, Puglia,

Italy, via Adriatic Sea
Export, gas
2,657
Working
Saipem (C )
2018
Statoil
17
20
Gina Krog platform to Sleipner A

platform
Export, gas
394
Planned
Ramboll Oil & Gas (E)
2017
Statoil
170
36
Johan Sverdrup field to Mongstad

terminal, Norway
Export, oil
394
Await start
Saipem (C )
2019
Statoil
103
18
Johan Sverdrup field to Krst

processing plant, Norway
Export, gas
Await start
Saipem (C )
2019
Dual 32
Dual gas pipelines to shore

(South Pars phases 20 and 21)
Transmission,
gas
Working
Iranian Offshore Engineering

and Construction Co.
4Q 2015
Mobarak Mount, Iran, to Sohar

Port, Oman, via Persian Gulf
Transmission,
gas
Under study
Oman MECS to Gujarat, India,

via Arabian Sea
Transmission,
gas
11,100
Under study
Sole gas field to Orbost Gas

Plant, Victoria, Australia
Transmission,
Gas
410
Under Study
1411
Planned
Nord Stream 2 AG
Total Miles
2019
2,323
MIDDLE EAST
National Iranian Oil Co.
124
National Iranian Gas

Exports Co.
162
South Asia Gas Enterprise

Pvt. Ltd. (SAGE)
807
Total Miles
1093
24 to 27
2017
SOUTH PACIFIC
Cooper Energy/Santos Ltd.
(VIC/RL3 joint venture)
40
Eni Muara Bakau BV
121
Total Miles
161
4 to 24
Muara Bakau PSC working area,

Makassar Strait, Indonesia
Technip (EPIC)
2017
SOUTH AMERICA
Petrobras
89
24
Rota 3 pipeline, to shore portion
Export, gas
2,132
Await start
Allseas (C )
2016-2017
Petrobras
96
20
Rota 3 pipeline, deepwater

portion
Export, gas
7,544
Await start
Allseas (C )
2016-2017
Total Miles
GRAND TOTAL
185
3,957.60
1608off_66 66
8/2/16 10:47 AM
AADE
AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF DRILLING ENGINEERS
April 11-12
NATIONAL TECHNICAL CONFERENCE AND EXHIBITION
CALL FOR PAPERS
H o u s t o n | Te x a s
Abstracts due by September 30, 2016

Those interested in submitting a non-commercial technical paper and making a presentation are invited to submit a maximum
250 word abstract at www.aade.org | Authors will be notied of acceptance by October 31, 2016
Papers due by February 14, 2017 | Presentations due by March 15, 2017
SUGGESTED TOPICS:
Annular Pressure Control
Anti-Collision Technology
BHA Design
Big Data
Bit Design
Case Histories
Cementing
Completions
Drilling Automation
Drilling Fluids
Drilling Mgt / Optimization
Downhole Vibrations
Economic Feasibility
Emerging Technologies
Enhanced Recovery
ERD and Horizontal Drilling
Formation Damage Control
Formation Evaluation
Fracturing & Re-Fracturing
HSE
HTHP
Hydraulics / Rheology
Lateral Drilling
MPD / UBD
Multi-Well Pad Drilling
Project Management
Real Time Technology
Regulatory Compliance
Rig Mgt / Technology
Risk Mgt / Environmental Impacts
Rotary Steerables
Shale Drilling
Software & Modeling
Spill Cleanup
Stick-Slip
Training
Tubulars / Expandables
Waste Management
Wellbore Stability / Integrity
Well Control
CONFERENCE CHAIR
Ed Rapp
ERapp@tetratec.com
PROGRAM CHAIRS
Lindsay Fraser
lfraser@newpark.com
Eric van Oort

vanoort@austin.utexas.edu
CONFERENCE COORDINATOR
Carolyn Berry
carolynberry@att.net
PROGRAM COORDINATOR
Mary Dimataris
mdimataris@outlook.com
The American Association of Drilling Engineers will host the National Technical Conference
covering subjects considered to be improvements and innovations in drilling operations.
This conference will be of interest to major and independent operators, service
companies, drilling contractors, equipment and materials manufacturers.
April 11-12 2017 | Hilton Houston North | Houston, Texas

For more information visit: www.aade.org
1608off_67 67
AAD
AMERICAN ASSOCIATION
of DRILLING ENGINEERS
8/2/16 10:47 AM
BUSINESS BRIEFS
People
KrisEnergy Ltd. has appointed Jeffer y S.
Macdonald as interim CEO. Macdonald succeeds Keith Cameron, who retired.
The Maersk Group
board of directors has
appointed Sren Skou
as CEO of A.P. Mller Mrsk A/S. Skou has
been with the company
since 1983 and a member
of its executive board
since 2006. In 2012, he
was appointed CEO of
Skou
Maersk Line. He will
remain in this position in
addition to his new position. He succeeds Nils S.
Andersen, who served
as CEO since December
2007.
The Oil & Gas Technology Centre has named
Colette Cohen as CEO.
Cohen
The International
Marine Contractors Association has appointed Harke Jan Meek and
Iain Grainger to its council.
The Energy Institute has appointed Malcolm Brinded as president-elect. Brinded,
who joined the EIs Council in 2013, will
succeed Professor Jim Skea as president
in 2017 for a two-year term. EI also appointed
Dr. Bernie Bulkin, Vivienne Cox, Steve Holliday, and Ceri Powell as
vice-presidents.
Hoover Container Solutions Chairman and CEO
Donald Young has been
nominated and elected to
the Petroleum Equipment
& Services Association
Young
Advisory Board for a
three-year term.
The Lukoil board of directors has appointed
Vagit Alekperov, Vadim Vorobyev, Sergei
Kukura, Ravil Maganov, Ivan Maslyaev,
Alexander Matytsyn, Anatoly Moskalenko,
Vladimir Nekrasov, Oleg Pashaev, Denis
Rogachev, Valer y Subbotin, Gennady
Fedotov, Evgeny Khavkin, Lyubov Khoba,
and Azat Shamsuarov to the Management
Committee.
GE has appointed
Azeez Mohammed as
president and CEO of
GE Energy Connections
Power Conversion business.
2H Offshore has appointed Yann Helle as
managing director. He
Mohammed
replaces Tim Eyles, who
is moving to the role of vice president with

parent company Acteon.
Occidental Petroleum Corp. has elected
Jack B. Moore to its board of directors and
has hired Oscar K. Brown as senior vice
president, Worldwide Business Development.
Kevin Traver has joined the Marine
Technology Society as
executive director. He
will lead the organization
in its mission to promote
awareness, understanding, advancement, and
application of marine
technology.
Danos has hired Tom
Broom as executive acBroom
count manager for Shell.
Petrofac has appointed
Dave Blackburn as
senior vice president Engineering and Operations,
based in Aberdeen.
N-Sea has hired Asa
Gamble as managing
director for the Middle
East region.
NOF Energy has apTurner
pointed Richard Turner,
COO of JDR Cables, to its
board.
William E. Albrecht
has joined the Halliburton
board of directors.
Donjon-Smit LLC has
promoted Tim Williamson as general manager.
He succeeds Raymond
Williamson
Lord, who recently
retired.
Sonardyne International Ltd. UK has named
Graham Brown as sales
and marketing director.
Energy Software
Intelligence Analytics
has named Douglas
Montgomer y as a nonexecutive director.
Brown
Chris Dixon has
joined ACE Winches as
hire and services director.
Laney Directional Drilling has appointed Alan
Snider as president and
COO.
Ed Sheridan has
joined AccessESP as Asia
Pacific region manager.
Snider
Based in Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia, he will be
responsible for increasing market share in the
region.
FOCUS has hired Ciara McGarr y as
principal environmental consultant and Gavan

Ward as environmental business development
manager.
Company News
ExxonMobil Corp. will acquire InterOil
Corp. in an agreed transaction worth more
than $2.5 billion. Subject to all approvals and
satisfaction of closing conditions, the transaction is expected to close in September.
Talisman Sinopec Energy UK has been
renamed Repsol Sinopec Resources UK.
Petronas has appointed its subsidiary
company Vestigo Petroleum to assume operations for the Berantai risk service contract.
Golar LNG Ltd. and Schlumberger have
formed OneLNG, a joint venture to rapidly
develop low cost gas reserves to LNG. The
combination of Schlumberger reservoir
knowledge, wellbore technologies, and production management capabilities with Golars
low cost FLNG (floating LNG) solution will
offer gas resource owners a faster and lower
cost development thereby increasing the net
present value of the resources. Golar and
Schlumberger have 51/49 ownership of the
joint venture.
DNV GL has opened a new training center
at its large-scale testing and research facility
in Spadeadam, Cumbria, northwest England.
The classification society has committed more
than 3 million ($3.88 million) to the center,
said to feature some of the most advanced
destructive and non-destructive test facilities,
to support trials in a controlled and secure
real-life environment.
Vard Holdings Ltd. has closed its Vard
Niteri yard in Brazil and temporarily laid off
the entire workforce of its Vard Brevik yard
in Norway.
Noble Corp. plc has received the
full settlement value of $540 million from
Freeport-McMoRan stemming from the
termination agreement between Noble, Freeport, and Freeports then standalone oil and
gas subsidiary.
Petra Resources Sdn Bhd has entered
into a memorandum of understanding with
MMC Oil & Gas Engineering Sdn Bhd to
collaborate on brownfield engineering and
design opportunities in the Malaysian oil
and gas market. The partnership is expected
to help the companies during the bidding
process.
Forum Energy Technologies has expanded its specialist syntactic foam manufacturing
capabilities with the opening of a new plant
near Houston. The six-acre facility in Bryan,
Texas, brings Forums Syntech product line
closer to clients in the oil and gas industry
and has the capacity to support future growth.
Syntech will share the property with another
1608off_68 68
8/2/16 10:47 AM
BUSINESS BRIEFS
of Forums brands, Dynacon.

MeeMaken has acquired offshore lifting
and hoisting systems designer and manufacturer the Kenz Figee Group.
BP has awarded Aberdeen Drilling
Consultants a global rig inspection services
contract. The company will provide support in
more than 14 countries worldwide, delivering
rig site assessments at all stages of operations, technical and marine assurance audits,
dropped object/incident investigations, oversight of brownfield upgrades to drilling facilities and oversight of repairs and upgrades to
rigs during special periodic surveys.
Unique Maritime Group has acquired
Oceanvision and Oceanvision Equipment
Ser vices.
Rigmar Ser vices has won a contract that
covers operations, technical and commercial
management of Prime Meridian Docks
Ghana in Takoradi. This is West Africas newest maintenance and repair facility serving
the offshore and shipping sectors. Rigmar is
providing the management team and main
technical personnel, also recruiting and developing local personnel for Prime Meridian
Docks. The company will be responsible for
delivering inspection, maintenance and repair
services onboard visiting ships and rigs,
and providing support to offshore projects
throughout the region, particularly during
mobilizations. In addition, Prime Meridian
Docks offers preservation, lay-up/stacking
and reactivation services for vessels and drilling rigs, and the full range of Rigmar Group
services, including marine assurance, survey
services, and mooring equipment rental.
Weatherford International plcs new
model WUDP-10 deep-set safety valve has
been certified to V1 standards under API
Specification 14A. The valve is designed for
deepwater applications and is effective at
depths in excess of 12,000 ft (3,658 m). Additionally, because it operates independent of
tubing pressure, the valve can also be set in
shallow applications. The tubing-retrievable
valve uses conventional hydraulic functionality to provide long-term, reliable operation
that is not dependent on nitrogen storage.
The simple design minimizes leak paths and
incorporates a heavy power spring for fail-safe
closure.
Oceaneering has extended and expanded
its agreement for Harris CapRock Communications to deliver managed communications services onboard its operated fleet of
vessels. Harris CapRock will deploy voice and
data services over its new uncontended Time
Divisional Multiple Access network.
Tenaris has opened its first service center
in Thailand to support Chevron. From Songkhla, a harbor on the Gulf of Thailand, the
company will provide 80,000 tons of chrome
and carbon casing and tubing, along with
TenarisHydril premium connections.

AFGlobal Corp. has agreed to acquire
Managed Pressure Operations, a subsidiary of MHWirth. The new business group
within AFGlobals oil and gas segment will
be known as Advanced Drilling Systems.
The complete portfolio will include riser gas
management systems, early kick/loss detection, managed pressure drilling, dual gradient
drilling and continuous circulation.
Blackhawk Specialty Tools LLC has
acquired the surge reduction business line of
Allamon Tool Co. and its related intellectual
property. This line includes Allamons diverter systems and ancillary cementing tools
as well as a number of patents that Blackhawk
believes will complement its existing portfolio, including the Blackhawk Surge Reduction
System for tight-tolerance casing running. It
will be operated from the companys operations headquarters in Houma, Louisiana, and
other markets. In addition, Blackhawk has
added to its cementing tool technology with
the UltraSeal auto-fill float equipment and the
Single and Dual Dart-Released Plug system.
Wood Group has signed a collaborative
agreement with Librestream Technologies.
The two companies will work in an exclusive
industry-specific partnership to provide
advanced business solutions for operations,
maintenance, and integrity challenges.
Under the partnership, Wood Group and
Librestream will also co-develop a number of
new technologies designed to reduce the time
for problem solving and associated implementation, which it says will increase productivity
at remote sites both onshore and offshore.
Mokveld Valves has commissioned
two new test bunkers for trials of its valve
systems. The company committed to the
investment due to increasingly stringent demands from the oil and gas industry in terms
of quality and safety (i.e. fugitive emissions)
and type approval testing. Both bunkers are
said to provide pressure testing with nitrogen
and helium up to 1,200 bar (17,404 psi), and
temperature tests over a range of -196C to
200C (-321F to 392F). On completion of
the construction the company plans to build
two more test bunkers.
ELA Container Offshore GmbH has
gained the DNV 2.7-2 certification for offshore accommodation containers.
Waypoint Leasing (Ireland) Ltd. has
closed a lease agreement with Southern
Vietnam Helicopter Co. for one AW189
helicopter, which will support Premier Oil
offshore operations from Vung Tau, Vietnam.
Aqueos Corp. has achieved ISO
9001:2008 (quality management system),
ISO 14001:2004 (environmental management
system), and OHSAS 18001:2007 (occupational health and safety management system)
certifications.
Chet Morrison Contractors Harvey,

Louisiana, facility has achieved ISO 9001:2008
certification.
Aquatec Group has signed a new representative agreement with UVS Pty Ltd.
for distributing its products for ocean and
environmental monitoring to customers in
Australia.
E2S Warning Signals has become a
member of the National Fire Protection Association.
The newly launched Saudi Arabian Drilling Academy (SADA) will become a training
hub to serve the drilling and workover
industry in the region, according to Saudi
Aramco. Early last year the companys Drilling and Workover Admin Area initiated the
concept and commissioned a countrywide
feasibility study for the drilling industry. This
found that over the next 20 years, around
90,000 Saudis will need to be trained to meet
the industrys growth plans in the Kingdom.
This will mean proactively training younger
Saudis to work in the drilling industry: SADA
aims to develop a capability to train more than
4,000 Saudi nationals a year, Aramco added,
resulting in a marked increase in Saudization levels in the drilling industry across all
technical job ranks. SADAs board will meet
regularly to discuss and approve all actions
related to the establishment and operation of
the academy. It is chaired by Dawood M. Al
Dawood, acting vice president of Northern
Area Oil Operations and initiator of the SADA
concept, and vice-chaired by Nabil K. Al Dabal, general manager, Training and Development. The industry is providing funds for the
project, with 34 stakeholders contributing to
the establishment and continuous running of
the academy. Aramco agreed to launch SADA
in two phases in order to start training operations by 4Q 2016. While a permanent base
is built to accommodate 4,000-plus trainees,
others will for the time being undergo tuition
at a TVTC training center in Abqaiq. One of
SADAs goals will be to offer a broad range of
training programs that will offer continuous
development programs to junior operators
and technicians, allowing them to progress to
senior roles.
Oceaneering International Inc. recently
completed its acquisition of Meridian Ocean
Ser vices. Meridian is an international business that uses remotely operated vehicles
(ROV) to perform surveys on mobile offshore
drilling units and floating production systems
that satisfy the underwater inspection in
lieu of drydocking requirements of all major
classification societies. It operates a fleet that
ranges from inspection- to work-class ROV
systems to perform different subsea tasks
Prosafe is reorganizing its shore-based
business in an attempt to cut its annual costs
by $30-40 million.
1608off_69 69
8/2/16 10:47 AM
Offshore
MARKET
C
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MARY SUMNER
713-963-6274
MaryS@PennWell.com
Offshore reaches over 48,000+ decision makers specifically focused on offshore exploration and production
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14 TH ANNUAL NOV. 8 10, 2016
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ADVERTISERS INDEX
A
SALES OFFICES
PENNWELL PETROLEUM GROUP
1455 West Loop South, Suite 400, Houston, TX 77027
PHONE +1 713 621 9720 FAX +1 713 963 6228
David Davis (Worldwide Sales Manager)
davidd@pennwell.com
Shelley Cohen (Regional Sales Manager)
shelleyc@pennwell.com
Mary Sumner (Classified Sales) marys@pennwell.com
GREATER HOUSTON AREA, TX
David Davis davidd@pennwell.com
USA
Shelley Cohen shelleyc@pennwell.com
WASHINGTON OREGON CALIFORNIA

CANADA
Mary Sumner marys@pennwell.com
Bechtel Oil & Gas Chemicals ..............23

www.bechtel.com
Bentley Systems .....................................7
www.bentley.com/offshore
Bristow Group ...................................... C3
Bristowgroup.com
UNITED KINGDOM SCANDINAVIA

THE NETHERLANDS MIDDLE EAST
10 Springfield Close, Cross,
Axbridge, Somerset, United Kingdom BS26 2FE
PHONE +44 1934 733871
Graham Hoyle grahamh@pennwell.com
FRANCE BELGIUM PORTUGAL
SPAIN SOUTH SWITZERLAND MONACO
NORTH AFRICA
961 Camp Redon, 83830 Callas, France
PHONE +33 (0) 4 9470 8263 FAX +33 (0) 4 8981 9982
Stefania Piciotti Thompson stefaniat@pennwell.com
GERMANY NORTH SWITZERLAND
AUSTRIA EASTERN EUROPE
RUSSIA FORMER SOVIET UNION BALTIC
Sicking Industrial Marketing
Kurt-Schumacher-Str. 16, 59872 Freienohl, Germany
PHONE +49 (0) 2903 3385 70 FAX +49 (0) 2903 3385 82
Andreas Sicking wilhelms@pennwell.com
ITALY TURKEY GREECE
CYPRUS MALTA
SILVERA MEDIAREP
Viale Monza, 24 - 20127 Milano, Italy
PHONE +39 (02) 28 46716 FAX +39 (02) 28 93849
Ferruccio Silvera info@silvera.it
JAPAN
e.x.press Co., Ltd.
AIOS Gotanda 606, 1-10-7 Higashi-gotanda
Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo 141-0022, Japan
PHONE +81 3 6721 9890 FAX +81 3 6721 9891
Masaki Mori masaki.mori2@ex-press.jp
AUSTRALIA NEW ZEALAND
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Port Kennedy, WA, Australia 6172
PHONE +61 8 9593 4405 or +61(0) 437 700 093
FAX +61 8 9593 3732
Mike Twiss miket@pennwell.com
NIGERIA
Flat 8, 3rd floor (Oluwatobi House)
71 Allen Ave, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria
PHONE +234 802 223 2864
Dele Olaoye dele.olaoye@q-she.com
BRAZIL
Centro Empresarial Mourisco
P. Botafogo 501 / Sala 101
Torre Po de Acar, Rio de Janeiro 22250-040
PHONE +55 21 2586 6302
Deny Tenenblat denyt@PennWell.com
CHINA SOUTHEAST ASIA
19 Tanglin Road #05-20
Tanglin Shopping Center
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PHONE +65 9616 8080
FAX +65 6734 0655
Michael Yee yfyee@singnet.com.sg
FOR ASSISTANCE WITH MARKETING
STRATEGY OR AD CREATION, PLEASE
CONTACT:
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David Davis
PHONE +1 713 963 6206
EMAIL davidd@pennwell.com
1608off_71 71
Aker Solutions ........................................9

www.akersolutions.com
Allseas Group .........................................3
www.allseas.com
American Association of Drilling
Engineers ..............................................67
www.aade.org
ATV S.p.A. ........................................14-15
www.atvspa.com
Nylacast .................................................63
www.nylacast.com
O
Offshore Mediterranean Conference
and Exhibition .......................................17
www.omc2017.it
OneSubsea, A Schlumberger
Company ...............................................21
onesubsea.slb.com
Dril-Quip ..................................................1
www.dril-quip.com
PennWell
Deepwater Operations
Conference & Exhibition .................57
www.deepwateroperations.com
Subsea Tieback Forum &
Exhibition ................................... 28-29
www.subseatieback.com
Topsides, Platforms & Hulls
Conference & Exhibition .................36
www.topsidesevent.com
EMAS CHIYODA Subsea ......................65

www.emas.com
R.M. Young Company ...........................58

www.youngusa.com
REPSOL .................................................54
www.repsol.com
F
Fine Tubes .............................................35
www.finetubes.com
FMC Technologies ............................... C4
www.fmctechnologies.com
Framo AS ............................................... 11
framo.com
S. Himmelstein and Company .............70

www.himmelstein.com
Scantrol ...................................................5
www.scantrol.com
Heerema Marine Contractors ............... 13

hmc.heerema.com
Hempel A/S ............................................37
offshore.hempel.com
UT99 .......................................................55
www.ut99.ch
W
I
Wild Well Control .................................. 19

wildwell.com
IES Srl .................................................... 17

www.ies.co.it
Y
K
Kobelco / Kobe Steel Ltd. ................... C2
www.kobelcocompressors.com
Year in Infrastructure 2016

Conference ..............................................7
www.Bentley.com/YIIConference
The index of page numbers is provided as
a service. The publisher does not assume
any liability for error or omission.
Mokveld Valves .....................................27

mokveld.com
N
National Oilwell Varco ..........................25
nov.com/beyond20k
8/2/16 10:47 AM
BEYOND THE HORIZON
Design thinking helps realize the full

potential of the digital revolution
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a relatively well-known concept by
now its the network of physical devices embedded with technology that enables those devices to collect and transmit data. However, while IoT devices are now common in mainstream consumer
markets, industries like oil and gas have only scratched the surface,
and the opportunity is huge. Analysts have predicted that worldwide
spending on the Industrial Internet industrial-sized data and analytics will be $500 billion by 2020. Some forecasts suggest spending could make up as much as $15 trillion of global GDP by 2030.
For the oil and gas industry, the digital revolution is the next big
opportunity to boost productivity and cost-efficiency while continuing to meet the worlds growing need for energy. Companies are
starting to move beyond basic connectivity and monitoring. By
introducing analytics for deeper insights that enable smarter decisions, operators can boost their productivity by as much as 30%.
However, the larger the opportunity, the more complex and challenging a new digital solution can seem. If oil and gas companies
are to achieve the real potential of digital transformation, they will
need to embrace the user-centered design practices that are more
commonly seen in the mainstream tech communities. While user
experience and design thinking may be common vernacular in
Silicon Valley, how often do we hear these terms in the oil and gas
industry? As the oil and gas industry continues its digital journey,
we should expect to hear these phrases a lot more. And those who
embrace these user-centered practices quickly will hold an advantage over those who do not.
As the complexity of oil and gas operations runs deep and wide,
the first significant issue is the volume of data involved. In oil and
gas, there are more than 100,000 pieces of turbomachinery, about 2
million miles of pipeline, and more than 1 million pieces of artificial
lift equipment in the world, generating exorbitant amounts of data
around the clock. Not only does this data have to be captured and
stored, but it also has to be effectively and efficiently analyzed in order to attain the sought-after operational improvements. This takes
very robust, industrial strength infrastructure.
Then, the applications built on top of that infrastructure need to
simplify all that complex data into useful information for operators.
They need to be able to deliver relevant insights to help users do their
jobs more effectively and make faster, smarter decisions. This may
sound obvious, but many times, product concepts are born out of the
boardroom without being optimized for use in the field. Contextual
understanding of how a product will be used is becoming more im-
portant as products and services are expected to address increasingly

complex interactions between users, products, services and infrastructure. Different stakeholders will have different experiences of
a product, and all of these perspectives need to be taken into account
in the earliest stages of development. Not communicating at all stages
of the process could lead to the development of blind spot errors.
Collaborative-driven development may be met with cultural resistance, as it means more people from different areas and at different
levels having a role in the decision-making. But it is critical for taking on complex challenges to achieve big outcomes. Only in this way
will new products address both understood and hidden user needs
while also considering the needs of future users.
When helping customers find step-change improvements through
new digital solutions, GE Oil & Gas takes a collaborative, user-centric approach. With a strong emphasis on user experience (UX), a
design thinking practice, users are involved early in the design process to help inform the solution characteristics and how that solution can best provide value in the real world. In this way, users are
transformed into change agents that radically increase engagement,
buy-in and stakeholder alignment.
User-centered design practices and partnerships across provider,
customer and user are critical for the oil and gas industrys digital
revolution. Not only is the process more engaging for both parties, it
also aligns stakeholders objectives, increases trust and leads to new
technologies that can develop the industrys future digital capability
through optimized efficiency and productivity.
The consumer world has benefited from the Internet for decades;
now is the time for industry particularly the oil and gas industry,
given the current of volatility and uncertainty. Digital solutions can
help oil and gas companies boost uptime, productivity, cost-efficiency and operational flexibility through data and analytics. And while
many understand the potential, the idea of actually implementing
new digital solutions can seem overwhelming. Design thinking, and
practices that center around the user, can increase time to value,
ensure the most effective solutions, and provide a smoother process
for all involved. By adopting these practices, oil and gas operators
can position themselves strongly for digital transformation to capture the next wave of industrial productivity.
Amita Tomkoria
DirectorDigital Innovation Services

GE Oil & Gas
This page reflects viewpoints on the political, economic, cultural, technological, and environmental issues that shape the future of the petroleum industry. Offshore
Magazine invites you to share your thoughts. Email your Beyond the Horizon manuscript to David Paganie at davidp@pennwell.com.
1608off_72 72
8/2/16 10:47 AM
1608off_C3 3
8/2/16 10:47 AM
Rethink.
Reinvent.
Reimagine.
SM
Discover the upside in this down cycle.

We are aggressively helping operators
reduce capital investments and improve
returns by transforming the way we all
do business. By working with us to
rethink, reinvent and reimagine eld
developments, you can dramatically
reduce overall costs. We will leverage
a new generation of standardized
equipment and innovative technologies to squeeze unnecessary
cost and time from the value chain.
Talk to us today. Because its clearly
time for a change.
Copyright FMC Technologies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
www.fmctechnologies.com
#RethinkReinventReimagine
1608off_C4 4
8/2/16 10:47 AM
Jack/St. Malo
Expanding Chevrons Reach
in the deepwater U.S. Gulf of Mexico
A SUPPLEMENT TO
1608CPChevron_C1 1
7/13/16 10:23 AM
Contents
2 The Project
3 The Co-owners
4 Exploring the Lower Tertiary
8 Building the Fields
1608CPChevron_C2 2
17 The Production Hub

21 The Export Pipelines
25 First Oil
26 Continuing Operations
32 Operational Excellence
35 The View from Here
7/13/16 10:23 AM
Jack/St. Malo
Expanding Chevrons Reach
in the Gulf of Mexico
Jack/St. Malo is the result of the collaboration of
hundreds of suppliers and contractors and many
thousands of people across nine countries over a
ten-year period. This project highlights our longterm commitment to safely developing the natural
resources of the U.S. Gulf of Mexico, where Chevron
is one of the top leaseholders. For the life of the
fields, operating and maintaining Jack/St. Malo will
continue to contribute to the nations economy and
support hundreds of local jobs.
Jeff Shellebarger, president,
Chevron North America Exploration
and Production Company
1608CPChevron_1 1
7/13/16 10:24 AM
The Project
Two of the Gulfs largest fields
he Jack/St. Malo development,

which includes the Walker Ridge
Regional host facility, in the deepwater U.S. Gulf of Mexico is a key part
of Chevrons plan to boost its global
production. Along the way, the project has safely extended the industrys
deepwater capability well beyond
what it was when the St. Malo field
was discovered in 2003, and the Jack
field the following year.
The reservoirs are 25 miles apart,
some 280 miles southwest of New
Orleans, Louisiana. Water depths in
both fields are around 7,000 feet (2,134

meters). The reservoirs lie some five miles
below the water surface. With todays
technology about 500 million barrels of
oil is recoverable, but that estimate may
increase as we continue to improve our
tools and learn more about the resource.
Jack and St. Malo are being developed simultaneously with subsea
completions flowing back to a single
semi-submersible floating production host platform located between
the two fields. Electric seafloor pumps
boost the produced fluids to the host.
The Walker Ridge Regional host

production platform can handle as
much as 170,000 barrels of oil and
42 million cubic feet (1.2 million cubic
meters) of natural gas per day, and
there is room onboard for expansion.
The platformbuilt for an operating life of more than 30 yearsis
the largest semi-submersible floating production unit in the Gulf of
Mexico. It also serves as the host
production facility for the Julia field
and has excess capacity for other
nearby operators.
2 | JACK/ST. MALO
1608CPChevron_2 2
7/13/16 10:24 AM
The Co-owners
Financial and technical strength
hevron, through its subsidiaries, Chevron U.S.A. Inc. and

Union Oil Company of California, owns 50 percent of Jack,
51 percent of St. Malo, and is the operator of both fields. Maersk
Oil Gulf of Mexico Four LLC and Statoil Gulf of Mexico LLC are
the co-owners in the Jack field, with 25 percent working interest each. The St. Malo field co-owners are Petrobras America
Inc. (25 percent), Statoil (21.5 percent), ExxonMobil Corporation
(1.25 percent) and Eni Petroleum US LLC (1.25 percent).
Chevron U.S.A. Inc. and Union Oil Company of California
also own 40.6 percent of the host facility, with co-owners Statoil
(27.9 percent), Petrobras (15 percent), ExxonMobil (10.75 percent), Maersk Oil (5 percent), and Eni (0.75 percent). The combined
Jack/St. Malo investment, sanctioned in 2010, had an initial development budget of $7.5 billion.
1608CPChevron_3 3
7/13/16 10:24 AM
Exploring the Lower Tertiary

Back-to-back successes at the edge of the deepwater frontier
ince the worlds first modern

offshore platforms began appearing in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico in the
late 1940s, the petroleum industry
has delivered the energy equivalent of more than 40 billion barrels
of oil from the continental shelf, and
another nine billion from the Gulfs
deepwater basins. Analysts say production from deepwater wells will
likely eclipse the total production
from shallow-water fields in the coming decades. One of the most prolific
systems is what geologists call the
Paleogenemore often referred
to as the Lower Tertiary. Still others

call it the final frontier of deepwater drilling.
Industrys greatest challenge

Some analysts estimate that the Lower
Tertiary in the Gulf of Mexico holds as
much as 40 billion barrels of oil equivalent (boe). The challenge is that most
of it lies some five miles deep, below as
much as 10,000 feet (3,048 meters) of
water and hidden from seismic sensors
by thick layers of salt.
Compared to Miocene plays, most
of the reservoirs found in the Lower
Tertiary are relatively low permeability.

In other words, even though the great
depth means the reservoir pressures
and temperatures are high, the rocks
ability to flow fluids is much lower
than the Miocene reservoirs. Without
additional assistance from improved
completions, artificial lift, and possibly gas or water injection, oil recovery
rates may be less than 10 percent. The
good news is that what industry is
learning today about the Lower Tertiary in the Gulf of Mexico applies to
other subsalt deepwater prospects,
including those off the coasts of Brazil
4 | JACK/ST. MALO
1608CPChevron_4 4
7/13/16 10:24 AM
JACK/ST. MALO | 5
1608CPChevron_5 5
7/13/16 10:24 AM
Steve Thurston, vice president of Deepwater Exploration and Projects Business Unit.
and West Africa. Through the end of
2015, Chevron had drilled more than
30 percent of all the industrys new
wells in the Lower Tertiary.
Our success rate for wildcat wells
has been great, resulting in many fields
with commercial potential, says Steve
Thurston, Chevrons vice president of
Deepwater Exploration and Projects
Business Unit (DWEP). These discoveries do not come easy. Overall, the
Lower Tertiary trend requires some of
the most challenging wells and development technologies in the world.
Chevron was one of the early pioneers, Thurston notes. We started
buying leases in the late 1990s. By the
time we discovered the Jack field, we
knew we were on to something big.
Two of Chevrons biggest deepwater discoveries, St. Malo and Jack, were
made in 2003 and 2004 in the Lower
Tertiary Wilcox trend. At the time, the
technology to develop them didnt
exist, and there are still significant
technical challenges.
Wells in the Lower Tertiary have
to be drilled in water depths down
to 8,000 feet (2,438 meters), and each

well extends from 26,000 feet (7,925
meters) to as much as 36,000 feet
(10,973 meters), Thurston says. The
good news is the reservoir intervals
are typically more than 1,000 feet (305
meters) thick, which means there is a
tremendous amount of oil in place.
The Jack-2 appraisal well reached
a total depth of 28,175 feet (8,588
meters) in the second quarter of
2006. A subsequent production test,
which delivered a sustained flow of
more than 6,000 barrels of crude oil
per day, was the deepest ever performed in the Gulf of Mexico. It was
also an industry milestone for understanding the potential of the Lower
Tertiary, where Chevron is the largest
leaseholder.
Since the mid-2000s, with
Chevrons installation of major developments such as the Tahiti field in
the Gulf of Mexico, key technologies
have enabled our deepwater developments, Thurston explains. We are
also committed to project safety, and
Jack/St. Malo is a prime example.
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The Chevron Way

Built on a philosophy developed in the 1990s, The Chevron Way gives every
employee and contractor a concise definition of the companys corporate
vision, values and strategies. It establishes a common understanding for all of
those who work for and interact with Chevron. It can be summed up in the
phrase: Get results the right way.
At the heart of The Chevron Way is the vision to be the global energy
company most admired for its people, partnership and performance. This
vision means that Chevron:
Safely provides energy products vital to sustainable economic progress and
human development throughout the world
Is an organization with superior capabilities and commitment
Is the partner of choice
Earns the admiration of their stakeholders their investors, customers,
host governments, local communities and employees not only for the
goals achieved but how the company achieves them
Delivers world-class performance
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Photo courtesy of McDermott International, Inc.
McDermotts North
Ocean 102 fast-transit
construction vessel
transported and installed
some 65 miles (105
kilometers) of control
and power umbilicals in
waters as deep as 7,200
feet (2,195 meters).
Building the Fields

Advanced technology
trims cost per well
hrough the first quarter of 2016,

Chevron had drilled seven exploration wells and nine production wells
in the Jack/St. Malo development.
Daily hydrocarbon production from
the fields reached 75,000 barrels of oil
equivalent per day in March 2016.
Phase 1 development drilling
started in November 2011, resulting in
nine production wells: four at Jack and
five at St. Malo. Development drilling resumed after the production hub
logged its first oil in December 2014.
Phase 2 of the JSM development
plan includes four additional wells:
two each at Jack and St. Malo. The
front-end engineering and design

(FEED) activities for Stage 2 were completed in September 2015. The drilling
that began in October 2015 will continue into 2017. First oil from Stage 2 is
expected in 2017.
Expected production levels

The fields have an estimated remaining production life of at least 30
years, with recoverable oil-equivalent resources estimated to exceed
500 million barrels. Beyond that, new
drilling and completion techniques
and advanced production technologies developed in coming years
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have the potential to substantially

increase incremental recovery from
these fields.
Picking the right target, first time

With the enormous cost of drilling
and completing wells in ultra-deep
water, operators demand a high
degree of certainty before they commit. One of the toughest challenges
is creating seismic images that are
sharp and accurate enough to make
good decisions.
At these depths, nearly 30,000
feet, the seismic image is quite limited, says Matt Richards, subsurface
geoscience team leader for Jack/
St. Malo. Thats not abnormal, but
it takes a lot of work to bring those
images up to a level where you feel

like you understand the field. We
had to acquire multiple generations
of seismic. Fortunately, the technology was advancing rapidly during
this time, which ultimately worked to
our benefit.
Sensors on the seabed

In conventional offshore seismic
surveys, ships pull long streamers of
acoustical sensors that record the
digital echoes of sound waves as
they penetrate subsea layers. The
deeper the water, the harder this
process becomes, since seawater
itself muffles the signal. To improve
chances of producing high quality
seismic models at JSM, the team put
seismic sensors on the ocean floor

rather than towing them behind a
boat. That costs more initially, but
the system is safer, more versatile, and
it yields better results.
With ocean bottom node (OBN)
technology, remotely operated vehicles deploy a grid of 100-pound
receivers (nodes) directly on the seabed. Each autonomous suitcase-sized
devicewhich contains a battery,
clock, geophone and other gearcan
remain on the bottom for as long as
120 days, allowing for survey acquisition over large areas. There are several
advantages. First, placing sensors
on the seabed eliminates any signal degradation caused by the water
column above.
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Equally important, these stable

ocean bottom nodes catch reflected
waves in an orderly grid, enabling
the gathering of clean, high-fidelity
data without gaps in coverage. They
also improve the repeatability of 4-D
seismic, which compares surveys
made years apart to see how reservoir fluids have moved over time,
during development. Over the life of
the field, this information helps us
decide where to place new wells and
how to optimize our facilities. The
bottom line is that OBN data gives

Chevron a clearer structural image
without the noise of conventional
data. It helps Chevron see past barriers of complex geology to better
estimate a reservoirs potential.
The Wilcox Reservoir is very thick
here, Richards adds. Its up to 1,400
feet thick in some places with a lot
of oil in place, suggesting very long
field lives.
Yet another advantage of OBN
technology is that it can be carefully
deployed in congested waters and

fields where there is already a lot of
equipment on the sea floor. In areas
where complex geological features
such as salt or volcanic layers hide oil
and gas deposits, the source boat may
sweep outside the boundaries of the
field to collect wide and full azimuth
seismic data. OBN technology allows
them to safely pass closer to the fields
existing facilities than a conventional
streamer vessel could with its wide
swath of receivers in tow.
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Ocean bottom node technology

is one of several enabling tools that
did not exist when the St. Malo and
Jack fields were discovered in 2003
and 2004. To help delineate Jack/
St. Malo, 1,100 nodes were placed
on the seabed in each field in 2013.
The back-to-back surveys lasted 10
months, involving 100 people and
two ships. The surveys broke several
industry records, including the number of nodes, the longest acquisition
schedule, the deepest water, and the
largest source area. Besides their use
at Jack/St. Malo, Chevron has completed similar ocean bottom node
surveys in the North Sea, and off
the coasts of West Africa, Brazil and
Northwest Australia.
Single-trip, multi-zone
completions
With low-permeability reservoirs like
Jack and St. Malo, engineers typically pump a high-pressure slurry of
sand, water and treating chemicals
into isolated zones to create fractures
in the reservoir rock. Pressure drives
the sand deep into the newly formed
cracks, and the sand grains (or similar
manmade material) prop the cracks
open once the pressure is released.
This process, called frac-packing,
historically represented as much as
one-third the total cost of a deepwater production well, and a good bit of
the risk. Part of the expense was the

time it tookas much as five days to
treat one zone. The risk came from
running miles of pipe in and out of
the hole over and over again. One
well, for example, had five zones to
complete. With the technology that
was available when Jack and St. Malo
were first discovered, the job would
have required 14 trips in and out of
the well to plug, perforate and fracture. The cost was prohibitive.
Chevron and Halliburton engineers joined forces in 2007 to develop
a new single-trip, multi-zone system
that could stimulate multiple zones
in one operation. Their goals were
to increase the maximum pump
rate and pressure differential, and to
boost the volume of proppant. They
got it right. Instead of four or five
days, it now takes as little as 18 hours
to stimulate each zone. One result
is a much safer work environment,
since crews now spend less time running pipe in and out of the well. The
other benefit is a tremendous reduction in cost.
This technology is really going to
help the development of deepwater
Gulf of Mexico, says Aaron Conte,
senior drilling superintendent. With
spread rates well over $1 million per
day, every hour saved is significant. It
has delivered more than $200 million
in savings across the Gulf of Mexico.
At one well in the Jack field, Chevron stimulated a record-breaking six

zones and pumped more than 2 million pounds of proppant (sand) in just
a few days instead of several weeks.
The first of the three wells tested at
more than 13,000 barrels of oil per day.
Chevron also successfully tested
the technology that Halliburton calls
the Extended Single-Trip Multizone
(ESTMZ TM) Frac-Pack system.
ESTMZ TM allows more reservoirs
to be stimulated in a shorter amount
of time, says Ron Shuman, senior
vice president of Halliburtons Southern and GOM regions. This system
allows us to deliver a very aggressive
stimulation with rates up to 45 barrels per minute and volumes greater
than 400,000 pounds of high-strength
proppant. We deliver this with 10,000
horsepower per interval for up to five
intervals, providing a total cumulative proppant volume of more than
2 million pounds per well with one
service tool.
The multizone system was developed for use in the Gulf of Mexico,
but has since been deployed in Indonesia, Brunei and elsewhere.
Subsea boosting
The naturally high reservoir pressures driving Jack and St. Malo during
the early stages of development will
decrease over time as the fields are
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processing systems for the combined fields, OneSubsea also installed

a dozen 15,000 psi subsea wellhead
trees, the production controls, four
manifolds and their associated flowlines. At the time the work was done
in 2011, it included the deepest, longest and highest-pressure tieback in
the Gulf of Mexico.
Developing the subsea infrastructure and boosting system for Jack/
St. Malo was one of the biggest challenges for the facilities team. Because
of their experience with subsea
boosting systems on the Norwegian

continental shelf, technical experts
from StatoilChevrons co-owners
in both fieldswere seconded to the
Jack/St. Malo team.
Subsea boosting is not new, says
facilities engineer Chris Hey, but on
Jack/St. Malo, in terms of the water
depth, the pressure rating and the
power of the pumps, theres nothing
else like this in the industry.
Many of the technical advances
were developed specifically for this
project. Some addressed the challenge
Photo courtesy of McDermott International, Inc.
produced. To compensate and maintain production levels, Chevron

called on OneSubsea (a Cameron and
Schlumberger company) to install
three powerful subsea pumps on the
seabed to boost fluids from the wells
to the host platform. Each pump can
withstand pressures up to 13,000
pounds per square inch. The working
depths and power consumption
some 3 megawatts eachrepresent
a significant improvement over previous subsea boosting systems. As
part of the subsea production and
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of working in water more than a mile

deep. Others supported the building
of JSMs complex infrastructure and
improved the recovery of its oil and
natural gas.
McDermott International installed
the jumpers, flying leads, subsea
pumps and umbilicals. Much of the
heavy equipment, including three
pump stations weighing 209 tons each,
was installed by McDermotts Derrick
Barge 50. A second McDermott vessel,
North Ocean 102, installed the control
and power umbilicals.
1608CPChevron_15 15
An extra level of safety

As the largest leaseholder in the U.S.
Gulf of Mexico, Chevron is a principal
sponsor of the Marine Well Containment Company LLC (MWCC), a
company which was established in
2011 to respond to deepwater well
containment emergencies. Available
to all deepwater operators, MWCC
maintains a system that can stop or
cap and flow a runaway well in water
depths from 500 to 10,000 feet, temperatures as great as 350 degrees
Fahrenheit, and pressures up to
15,000 pounds per square inch.

With the assistance of experts
from Chevron and other major
energy producers, MWCC upgraded
its interim containment system in
2015 to provide increased capacity
and compatibility with a wider range
of well designs, flow rates and environmental conditions. The company
maintains two shore bases on the
U.S. Gulf Coast. Regular training exercises keep MWCCs equipment and
personnel ready to respond to a well
control emergency at any time.
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The Production Hub

Largest in the Gulf of Mexico
ith a nameplate capacity of

170,000 barrels per day, the
Walker Ridge Regional host floating
production unit is the largest such
facility that Chevron operates in the
Gulf of Mexico. Indeed, it is one of the
largest in the world. Building the host
platform and moving it around was
no easy job.
Fabricating the hull

The front-end engineering and design
(FEED) for JSMs topsides facilities began
in the second quarter of 2009. The principal contractor for this part of the job
was Houston-based Wood Group Mustang. Wood Group also managed the
commissioning of the production platform. Construction began on the hull
at the Samsung Heavy Industry yard
in Geoje, South Korea in early 2011. At
the time, JSM was the largest semi-submersible hull constructed in terms of
displacement, as it displaces 146,168
metric tons (161,122 short tons) of water.
KBR performed the detailed engineering for the floating production
units hull, deck box, crew quarters,
equipment foundations, mooring system and the anchor suction piles.
JACK/ST. MALO | 1 7
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GVA Consultants, a subsidiary of KBR,

worked exclusively on the hull configuration. The deep draft hull design
minimizes the motion of the vessel,
which in turn reduces stress on the
vessels risers, umbilicals and more
than 164,000 feet (50,000 meters) of
polyester mooring lines.
Transporting the hull

The hull was completed in February,
2013. Soon after, it left South Korea
aboard the new Dockwise Vanguard
the worlds largest heavy lift transport
vesselon the ships inaugural run.
The Dockwise Vanguard took its
56,000-ton cargo safely around Southern Africa and the Cape of Good
Hope to arrive at Kiewit Offshore
Services Ingleside yard near Corpus
Christi, Texas, in mid-April.
Topsides
The host topsides facilities were fabricated and assembled at Ingleside. There
are three main topsides modules for
production, power generation and gas
compression. The completed modules
were lifted onto the hull and deck box
in May 2013. Most of the integration
and commissioning was completed
before the facility was towed to the
field. Kiewit also fabricated the hosts
mooring piles. For efficiency and
worker safety, most of the integration
and commissioning of the mooring

piles was also completed before the
facility was towed to the field.
The integrated semi-submersible
platform left Ingleside in November,
2013, and was moored offshore and in
place by early January, 2014. Offshore
commissioning began while the hull
was being towed to the field, and the
installation of the subsea infrastructure continued through 2014.
Project economics
Chevron holds a 50 percent interest in Jack, a 51 percent interest in
St. Malo, and is the operator of both
fields. The company also has a 40.6
percent interest in the production
facility, which is designed to accommodate production from the Jack/St.
Malo development and third-party
tiebacks. Chevrons other co-owners for the hub facility are Statoil,
Maersk Oil, Petrobras, ExxonMobil
and Eni. The total daily production
from the Jack and St. Malo fields in
2015 averaged 61,000 barrels of liquids
and 10 million cubic feet of natural
gas. Although the project delivered
first oil in December 2014, ramp-up
and development drilling for the first
phase of the development continued into 2015. Production for the Julia
field, which is also serviced by the
host, began in April 2016.
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The Export Pipelines

Planning for growth in the region
rude oil from the regional host travels 136 miles

to the Shell-operated Green Canyon 19 platform via the Jack/St. Malo Oil Export Pipeline. From
there it enters the larger network that delivers crude
oil to refineries all along the Gulf Coast. To handle
the natural gas, Chevron and Enbridge, Inc. signed
an agreement in 2009 for a 170-mile (274-kilometer) southern extension of the Enbridge central Gulf
of Mexico natural gas gathering system. The 8- and
10-inch pipeline includes bi-directional points at
Jack and St. Malo and similar links to other nearby
fields. For the oil and gas export pipelines alike, the
combination of extreme water depths, large diameter, high-pressure design, and the systems flexibility
for future development have set new milestones for
the Gulf of Mexico.
Largest pipeline at this depth

The JSM oil export pipeline is the first of its kind to
address the challenges of installing high-pressure,
large diameter pipe in ultra-deep water. The 24-inch
(61-centimeter) export pipeline, with a pressure rating of 4,500 psi, was installed in 2014 at water depths
greater than 7,000 feet (2,134 meters).
The pipelines innovative design includes two
92-ton inline modules that allow Chevron or future
operators in the Walker Ridge area to connect their
development projects to the main export line. The
oil export pipeline was designed, built and installed
by Amberjack Pipeline Company LLC, a joint venture
between Chevron Pipe Line Company and Shell Pipeline Company.
It was a first for us, especially in dealing with
a 24-inch diameter pipeline in 7,000 feet of water
and operating at 4,500 psi, says Edward LaCour,
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Chevron Pipe Lines asset manager,

Gulf Coast Area. Safety and reliability were our primary concerns, but
another feature is that the pipeline
includes inline sleds for future tie-ins.
It links our upstream and downstream
businesses in a supply chain that will
also provide competitive solutions for
other leaseholders in the transport of
crude to the market.
Installing the crude

oil export line
For this project, even the pipe-lay
vessel was new. At the time, the Castorone was the largest such vessel in
the world. The vessel and its crew
installed up to 1.5 miles (2 kilometers) per day, which translates to more
than 120 joints of pipe being laid off
the back of the vessel.
The pipe is brought out in 40-foot
segments, explains Jerry Hoose,
Chevron Pipe Lines installation engineer for the JSM export pipeline.
Within the vessels triple-joint factory, sets of three 40-foot lengths of
pipe were welded into 120-foot segments. They were then brought up
to the main firing line where the segments were welded together to form
a continuous pipe.
The pipe is fed in a gentle curve off

the back of the vessel and down to the
seabed. All the while, a constant tension
on the pipeline keeps it from buckling.
At the seabed, the pipe curves again
until it is lying flat on the bottom.
A project this size takes years of
planning by teams from around the
world, Hoose adds. What we delivered was the largest pipeline ever laid
in these water depths.
The success was noted throughout
the industry, according to Al Williams,
the president of Chevron Pipe Line
during the installation and the current vice president of Chevrons San
Al Williams, the former president of Chevron

Pipe Line and current vice president of
Chevrons San Joaquin Valley Business Unit.
Joaquin Valley Business Unit. Completing this project demonstrated to

our co-owners that Chevron Pipe Line
has the ability to perform in this challenging environment and can deliver
these critical resources to the market. Every Chevron employee can
take pride in the way individuals and
teams came together to develop one
of the companys most technologically
challenging and commercially rewarding projects.
The gas export line

All of the natural gas produced from
Jack and St. Malo is sold into a pipeline system built and operated by
Enbridge, Inc. To reach the host,
Enbridge spent some $500 million to
extend its southern reach into the
deepwater Gulf of Mexico.
The Walker Ridge gathering system
is a new supply source for the Enbridge
Manta Ray and Nautilus offshore pipeline systems, which enhances the
companys existing offshore pipeline
business and establishes a strategic
base for future growth by Chevron
and other operators in the ultra-deep
Gulf of Mexico. The new line has the
capacity to carry 100 million cubic feet
of natural gas per day.
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First Oil
The start
of a long run
Theres nothing more exciting than the startup of a new oil field in the
deepwater, says Steve Thurston, vice president of Deepwater Exploration and Projects. With the startup of the Jack and St. Malo fields, we
were finally able to see what these wells could produce.
Jack/St. Malo is a showcase of Chevrons focus on safety and operational excellence, yet for all of the exploration success so far, the Wilcox
remains a challenging reservoir. Many questions remain. In the next few
years, development drilling at Jack/St. Malo will teach the industry a great
deal. One thing that is known is that the Wilcox reservoir is very thick in
this area, as much as 1,400 feet (427 meters). There is a lot of oil in place in
both fields, which means they should be productive for a very long time.
Safely delivered on time and on budget

The Jack/St. Malo project was completed on a timeline that began with
the discovery of St. Malo in 2003. First oil occurred on schedule on
December 1, 2014. Soon after, Chevrons Gulf of Mexico business unit
took over the daily operation of the fields. Within a few months, the project was producing a steady 70,000 barrels per day from five wells. Stage 1,
which will continue into 2017, includes nine production wells. Four additional wells are planned in the second stage of the development. Stage 2
development drilling will continue through 2017.
Stage 1 of the investment, which included more that 20 million hours
of work, was accomplished with only three lost-time incidents.
While working on Jack/St. Malo, some of our contractors posted
the best safety records theyve ever had, says Billy Varnado, the Jack/
St. Malo project director. I think that is good evidence of all the effort
everyone put in.
Billy Varnado, the Jack/St. Malo project director.

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Continuing Operations
Innovation, safety and
efficiency are the keys
ts only natural for a project as large

and important as Jack/St. Malo to
become a showcase for the industrys
most advanced technology. Given the
anticipated life of the fieldsmore
than 30 yearsweve also planned for
years of expansion and growth.
our most complex wells around the

world. They are called upon any time
Chevron is drilling a complex well.
This state-of-the-art center can support as many as 15 drilling rigs on a
continuous basis, providing expert
backup and advice to ensure safe, reliable and efficient operations.
Decision Support Center

In 2015, Chevron expanded the capabilities of its Drilling & Completions
Decision Support Center. The center is a combination of technology,
processes and people designed to
help eliminate serious well-control
incidents and improve operational
efficiency. Working as a team, Chevron specialists monitor in real time
Monitoring equipment
performance
Within Chevrons Energy Technology Company, the Machinery and
Power Support Center (MPSC)
uses predictive analytics to monitor machinery performance at a
centralized and local level. There,
and in several of the business unit
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Equipment Decision Support Centers (EDSC), experts remotely monitor

rotating equipment to evaluate its
performance and safety, ensure the
proper maintenance, and to avoid
unplanned shutdowns.
Rather than waiting for equipment
to fail, the MPSC and EDSC teams
feed data into a model that gives
advance notice of potential failures or
maintenance needs.
This process reduces unplanned
downtime, couples work-orders and
identifies what spare parts are needed.
Ready for the next big storm

Chevron and its legacy companies
have been exploring for and developing oil and gas resources in the Gulf of
Mexico for more than 75 years. As of
early 2016, Chevron has an interest in

466 leases in the Gulf of Mexico, 347
of which are located in water depths
greater than 1,000 feet. At the end
of 2015, Chevron was the Gulfs largest leaseholder. Over the decades,
Chevron brought their people safely
through numerous tropical storms
and hurricanes, including mega-storm
Katrina, when the company evacuated more than 1,000 employees and
contractors without a single injury.
Offshore installation manager Tommy
Boepple knows the drill first hand.
Jack/St. Malo is more remote than
most of our offshore facilities, so we
allow extra time to initiate the systems
that will ensure the safety of our people and assets, Boepple says. We rely
on a number of resources. Chevron
maintains its own Gulf of Mexico helicopter fleet, for example, which gives
us greater flexibility if we need to evacuate a platform prior to a storm.
Jack/St. Malo is also equipped with
technology to track a storms progress and trajectory, as well as detailed
computerized crew manifests to
keep tabs on who is offshore and
where they are.
Like other fields, Jack/St. Malo is
connected to our onshore Decision
Support Center (DSC) in Covington,
Louisiana, Boepple says. Covington serves as our mission control
during severe weather. To make sure
were ready, we conduct periodic
drills that reinforce each individuals role and responsibilities in a
weather emergency.
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Chevrons tasks and timelines

during severe weather are guided by
the companys hurricane action plan.
Storms are monitored as soon as they
develop. If they have the potential to
impact the Gulf of Mexico, the hurricane evacuation team is activated,
and the DSC is staffed 24 hours a day.
Assets in the Gulf are evacuated and production is curtailed in
phases, based on the track of the

storm and information provided
by the National Weather Service,
Boepple adds. The facilities closest to the tropical weathers most
immediate path are cleared first. All
available marine and aviation assets
are directed and monitored by the
DSC throughout the entire evacuation and remobilization process.
The role of information

technology
Chevron information technology (IT)
teams from around the world put
their stamp on Jack/St. Malo, providing the technical support that helped
this major capital project achieve
first oil. Chevron IT experts delivered telecommunications and the
infrastructure needed to support
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operations at Jack/St. Malo as well as

network connectivity on the floating
production unit, the pipe-laying vessel, floating accommodation vessel
and the drillships.
One of the big wins was the great
collaboration we had, says Keith
Breaux, Chevrons DWEP Information
Technology manager. We were aligned
not only in transition from the project
team to the Gulf of Mexico business
unit, but on the facility itself. The IT
teams from Jack/St. Malo, DWEP and
GOM business units were phenomenal.
They worked together seamlessly.
Over the course of the project
nine digital oil field solutions were
also implemented, including new
operator workflows and Chevrons

Production Reliability and Efficiency Program.
These solutions helped the GOM
business unit increase the reliability
of the facility, reduce health, safety
and environmental risks, and decrease
costs, says GOM Information Technology manager Jennifer Scriabine.
Real-Time Reservoir Management
is also providing engineers with the
information they need to make faster,
better decisions to bring wells on line
sooner, reduce downtime and maximize production.
Linking the facilities required 88
miles (142 kilometers) of new network
subsea fiber optic cable on the ocean
Eric Sirgo, DWEPs general manager of Major Capital Projects.
floor. The cable runs from Jack/St.

Malo to a high-performance network
connectivity system made available
by BP to oil and gas producers in the
Gulf of Mexico. The host also boasts
more than 137 miles (220 kilometers) of telecommunications cabling
onboard for fast, reliable access to
data and systems.
Design, construction and regulatory approval required the processing
of more than 200,000 documents
and drawings, including regulatory
and specifications documentation,
process safety, personal safety and
environmental management system
documentation, as well as operating and installation manuals. The
team migrated construction data to
a document management system for
use during handover and operations
and developed a central document archive.
The IT challenge for a major capital project is staggering, explained
Eric Sirgo, DWEPs general manager of
Major Capital Projects. IT is integral
to all aspects of the project, including
document management, telecommunications, security, operational data
gathering and control and reservoir
management. ITs role and contribution were critical to the projects
overall success.
JACK/ST. MALO | 3 1
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Operational
Excellence
Chevrons values
and vision
o achieve and sustain projects like Jack/St.

Malo, Chevron has developed world-class
capabilities and a company-wide culture of operational excellence. It is a process that requires active
leadership and the engagement of the entire workforce, employees and contractors alike. At its core is
the belief that all incidents are preventable and that
zero incidents is an achievable goal.
Workforce health and safety

Every job involves risk. Chevron identifies and mitigates those risks by enhancing technology, tools
and competency at all levels. The company gives
its employees and contractors the authority and
responsibility to stop work if they believe that conditions are unsafe. Chevron is also an industry leader
in providing health awareness and educational programs to its employees and their families, as well as
to the residents of their host communities.
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The View from Here

A solid foundation for future
deepwater developments
Jack/St. Malo is the fourth deepwater facility that we operate in

the Gulf of Mexico, says Mike Illanne, vice president of Chevrons
Gulf of Mexico Business Unit. Chevron is a big operator in the Gulf
and the number one leaseholder overall. Our top priorities are protecting people, being good stewards of the environment, and good
business partners in the communities where we operate.
With its numerous technical advancements, Jack/St. Malo serves
as an example of what Chevron can achieve and a foundation for its
future deepwater developments. To that end, we place the highest
priority on the health and safety of our workforce and protection of
our assets and the environment. We aim to be admired for worldclass performance through disciplined application of our Operational
Excellence Management System.
I believe that the work weve done on process safety and environmental protectionensuring that we had the right design and
procedures in place to operate this project reliablyhas been outstanding, Illanne adds. I am very confident that Jack/St. Malo will
have a great record of safety and success going forward.
Mike Illanne, vice president of Chevrons Gulf of Mexico Business Unit.
JACK/ST. MALO | 3 5
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COMPANY PROFILES
37 Schlumberger
48 JDR Cable Systems Ltd
40 Halliburton
49 KBR, Inc.
42 Enbridge Inc.
50 Oil States Industries, Inc.
44 Aker Solutions Inc.
51 OneSubsea
44 DNV GL
52 Ruths.ai
45 Bevel Tech Group Inc.
54 Technip
46 Danos
55 Wood Group Mustang
47 Heerema Marine Contractors
56 McDermott International, Inc.
3 6 | JACK/ST. MALO
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COMPANY PROFILE
SCHLUMBERGER
Jack/St. Maloa collaborative success

A winning formula
As with any major development, success
hinges on close and continuous collaboration between all parties involved.
Chevrons Jack/St. Malo prospect is
no exception. This ongoing deepwater frontier development in the Gulf of
Mexico began following discovery of
the two fields in 20032004. With such
a major project, Chevron elected to
benefit from the chain of accountability for mission-critical services, whereby
responsibility for key, linked services was
assigned to a single provider.
For Chevron, collaborating with
Schlumberger to develop several of
these service solutions was a natural
choice based on the companies shared
positive experience developing the
Tahiti prospect in 2004. Learnings from
the Tahiti prospect proved invaluable
as it set the record for water depth for a
producing well.
The decision to collaborate had dual
benefits: first, communication between
Schlumberger and Chevron was greatly
facilitated by all parties having a common purposeworking with Chevron
to construct wells in challenging geology
and landing them precisely in reservoir
sweet spots. Second, technical expertise
was available to all participants up and
down the chain of operations. Learnings
experienced by operational planning
and implementation teams was seamless, resulting in major efficiencies as the
project proceeded. Close collaboration
ensured that data required for life-of-reservoir decisions was acquired at the most
opportune time.
To illustrate, flow assurance, which

is typically a completions concern,
requires field designers to know precisely where the asphaltenes threshold will be reached. The information
required to make this calculation is provided by sophisticated logging tools
run many months earlier in the development process. Coordination between
the information providers and data
users fast-tracked resolution of this
critical task.
(2,134 m). Reservoir targets were estimated at more than 20,000 ft (6,096
m) beneath the seabed. They were
characterized as low permeability,
30,000-psi ultra-high pressure reservoirs that would require a full portfolio of suitable and reliable technologies
to enable Chevron to assess the reservoirs economic potential toward
reaching production goals of 94,000
b/d of oil and 21 MMcf/d of natural gas
in the coming years.
The challenge
Valuable information for

exceptional planning
The Jack/St. Malo prospect presented

numerous technical challenges in
terms of water depth that ranged from
2,100 ft (640 m) to more than 7,000 ft
Figure 1: A collaborative environment

between Chevron and Schlumberger teams
enables optimal data integration and
management throughout operations at
Jack/St. Malo.
Chevrons planners were already applying their foreknowledge based upon

seismic surveys and other exploration
techniques to build dynamic models.
These could be easily updated as additional information became available.
The early models were promising; nevertheless, each new bit of information
helped to clarify and improve Chevrons
ability to estimate costs and profits.
In 2006 Chevron commissioned a
3D seismic survey conducted with the
Q-Marine* point-receiver marine seismic system to image the St. Malo reservoir. Information from this survey enabled
Chevron to high-grade initial reservoir
models and optimize early appraisal and
development targets. The positive results
of this survey led Chevron to sponsor a
multiclient wide-azimuth (WAZ) project in 2008. The new survey provided
better illumination under complex salt
bodies and improved structural definition. During 2011 and 2012, Chevron
employed a combination of Chevron and
JACK/ST. MALO | 3 7
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COMPANY PROFILE
SCHLUMBERGER
WesternGeco imaging technologies to

improve the seismic imaging, which then
served as the foundation for a collaborative uncertainty analysis study that integrated Chevrons knowledge of the Earth
Model with the WesternGeco WAZ data.
Results from the study were integrated
into Chevrons static model for St. Malo
reservoir management and used for scenario testing and risk mitigation.
Drilling technology evolution

The Jack/St. Malo project benefited
from application of the industrys technology advancements. Drilling tools and
techniques, drilling fluid development,
and logging and well-testing technology were all evolving rapidly at this time
to deliver higher efficiency, more precise
information, and greater safety.
For drilling at Jack/St. Malo, the
PowerDrive Orbit* rotary steerable system (RSS) efficiently drilled up to 8,000
ft (2,439 m) of complex, salt, shale and
abrasive sandstone strata that would
have greatly affected the run-life of previous-generation equipment. The highly
reliable push-the-bit pad actuation of
the PowerDrive Orbit RSS utilizes metal-to-metal seals for enhanced drilling
performance, efficiency, and trajectory

control, even when high shock and vibration and other harsh drilling conditions
are present.
The system enabled accurately
steering through the overlying strata
to hit reservoir targets and to achieve
Chevrons ambitious development plan
while reducing shock and vibration
issues that are anathema for bottomhole
assemblies. The drilling system delivered an unprecedented 24% improvement in salt penetration rates, and 208%
improvement in the sediment.
Compared with earlier St. Malo
wells, Chevron saved 15.9 days
of deepwater drilling vessel time,
which is equivalent to a 55% drop
in estimated costs and savings of
more than USD 14 million.
One application where innovation directly addressed Chevrons concerns was underreaming while drilling.
Previously numerous trips were required
to achieve desired hole diameter, with
the costs not in line with the marginal
value. Because the Rhino XC* on-demand hydraulically actuated reamer can
Figure 2: The newly designed pad actuation system, combined with real-time three-axis shockand-vibration measurements, allows the PowerDrive Orbit RSS to withstand the most difficult
drilling conditions and operate at higher rotational speeds than conventional systems.
be quickly adjusted via flow activation,

48 hours of trip time was saved.
Continuous measurements transmitted in real time while drilling enabled
M-I SWACO, a Schlumberger company,
to customize its drilling and completion fluids as needed. Chevron drilling
engineers worked with Schlumberger
fluids experts to model each section to minimize equivalent circulating density (ECD) and reduce lost
returns. Conventional fluid systems
were compared with M-I SWACOs
WARP* advanced fluids technology.
This micronized-barite drilling fluid was
selected in consideration of its ability
to maintain ECD within a narrow band,
with a subsequently reduction in overall
fluid losses to 144 bbl.
Reducing risk
Chevrons mission-critical objectives
for wireline logging addressed reservoir compartmentalization and communication, relative position of reservoirs
for designing well paths, prospective production potential, and, most
importantly, early identification of any
production impediments.
Although wireline logging tools provide the most accurate geological and
petrophysical information needed to
characterize the reservoir, the risk of
tool sticking with its subsequent fishing costs concerned Chevron engineers.
Accordingly, Schlumberger deployed
the logging toolstrings on the MaxPull*
high-tension wireline conveyance system using TuffLINE* torque-balanced
composite wireline cable to provide
40% greater pulling capacity than conventional ultra-strength logging cable
systems. The MaxPull system also delivers higher bottomhole wattage to run
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complex tool combinations that reduce

the number of logging runs.
Workflows were developed to efficiently acquire and analyze the data
needed to address Chevrons immediate
concerns, but Schlumberger understood
that more insight would be required as
development progressed. Perhaps the
most valuable information was derived
from measurements acquired with the
MDT* modular formation dynamics tester equipped with Quicksilver Probe*
focused fluid extraction and the InSitu
Fluid Analyzer* real-time downhole
fluid analysis (DFA) system because it
enabled real-time decision making by
Chevron engineers. The previously mentioned asphaltenes threshold is but one
of the critical parameters revealed by
DFA conducted with specialized sensors
on the fluid at reservoir conditions.
As its name implies, Quicksilver
Probe extraction speeds the acquisition
of uncontaminated formation fluid. In
addition to the real-time insights provided by DFA, fluid samples can be
retrieved for laboratory analysis. Both
the shorter station time for Quicksilver
Probe extraction and the critical reservoir information obtained enable reducing the risk of sticking to save valuable
rig time. Where closely spaced fluid
samples are not required, the MDT tool
is augmented with PressureXpress* reservoir pressure while logging service to
determine pressure gradients that identify gas/oil and oil/water contacts, which
is vital knowledge for completions specialists and reservoir engineers.
The gold standard

Recognized by petroleum engineers as
the gold standard of reservoir data, the
final step in the well evaluation is the
technology. Chevron
used the technology
to minimize debris fallout and manage the
dynamic underbalance effects in their HP
wells, enabling a bestfit completions design.
The development of
Jack/St. Malo remains
on target due to the
continuous collaboration between Chevron
and Schlumberger. As
the program continues, knowledge of the
reservoirfrom data
integration and manFigure 3: Engineers discuss the Quicksilver Probe focused extraction
agement by Chevron
which drains off contaminated filtrate from the outer ring while
experts in the 3D
sampling uncontaminated formation fluid from the center port.
dynamic reservoir
modelwill benefit future decisions
well test, a temporary completion of the
as well as provide backbone informawell achieved by a string of downhole
tion for completion and production
test tools. Pressure transients, measured
engineers, extending all the way to final
by precise downhole gauges, are used
abandonment.
by reservoir engineers to calculate
Perhaps the ultimate achievement
reservoir volume and connectivity
is that the development of the Jack/
and place boundaries. These data give
St. Malo blueprint will guide geoscicritical input to Chevrons 3D reservoir
entists and engineers as they tackle
model for economic decisions.
future challenges.
Well testing at Jack/St. Malo
determined that commercial
production rates were indeed
achievable and, in the process, set
a world record for well test depth
at more than 28,000 ft (8,537 m).
As part of the dynamic underbalance management program, wells were
prepared for optimal flow using the latest-generation innovation in HP highshot-density gun systemsthe INsidr*
perforating shock and debris reduction
*Mark of Schlumberger
5599 San Felipe, 17th Floor

Houston, Texas 77056
www.slb.com
JACK/ST. MALO | 3 9
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COMPANY PROFILE
HALLIBURTON
Lower Tertiary success with leading-edge

completion and production technologies
The Lower Tertiary trend in deepwater Gulf of Mexico is characterized
by older sediments with low porosities, ultra-deepwater depths, and high
bottomhole pressures. At the outset,
Chevron realized that production from
the Jack/St. Malo discoveries was not
economically feasible without significant advances in completion and production technologies. To develop the
critical solutions, Chevron teamed up
with Halliburton to push the technology frontier.
Enhanced completions
For optimum results in the Lower
Tertiary, Halliburton developed
the ESTMZ Enhanced Single-Trip
Multizone system in 2007, based on its
highly successful single-trip multizone
system. Chevron depended on the
ESTMZ systems full 10,000 psi differential pressure rating, which increases the
operating envelope for deeper wells
and allows frac design optimization.
The Stim Star IV has the frac fluid and proppant storage capacity, blending on the fly and
high-volume pressure pumping capabilities needed for Lower Tertiary wells in deepwater
Gulf of Mexico.
The industrys highest frac and

proppant ratings enabled pressure pumping to be increased to
45 bbl/min. The volume for 16/30 highstrength proppant
increased from 300,000
lb to 3.75 million lb
per well with the use
of special alloys that
have greater erosion
resistance. These capabilities enabled the
Chevron-Halliburton
team to perform sinHalliburtons Integrated Completions Center in New Iberia,
gle-trip completions
Louisiana, provides comprehensive resources for deepwater
on a six-zone well,
completions throughout the Gulf of Mexico region.
saving 14 trips. Compared to conventional completions, Chevron estimates

the ESTMZ system saved up to 25 days
on average and approximately $22 million per well.
State-of-the-art stimulation
During the first completions for the
Jack/St. Malo fields, Halliburton used
two stimulation vessels in order to meet
the high volume stimulation requirements. Through innovative solutions,
such as the Offshore Proppant Transfer
System, and through the launching of
the Stim Star IV in 2015; Halliburton can
accomplish these same tasks with just
one stimulation vessel.
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The Offshore Proppant Transfer

System has blown proppant offshore,
vessel to vessel, at 1,000 lb/min. The
Stim Star IV has storage capacity for
14,374 bbls of frac fluid and 4 million lb
of proppant. With 21,500 hhp of high
pressure pumps, redundant 75 bpm
blenders, redundant power units, and
redundant proppant movers, the Stim
Star IV is capable of providing more
quality assurances than any vessel to
date. These technological advances
make it possible to place over 4 million
lb of proppant in a single trip.
Real-time visualization
service (RTVS)
Halliburtons completion crews can
access the InSite system for real-time
visualization of the entire sandface
assembly, including the service string.
This helps save significant time and
money, while increasing the reliability
of service tool positioning. During prejob analysis, the crews can validate the
interaction between the completion
string and the service tool by simulating the job using the proposed operational steps. As the job is underway, it is
possible to track, in real time, the service
tools movement, position and status.
For post-job analysis, the crew is able
to use the visualization tools to review
all or portions of the job data using the
replay feature or log plots.
Wellbore assurance, provided
through various critical operations such
as wellbore cleanout, completion services, pumping and fluids, also contributes to the success of the wells. This
integrated approach in planning and
execution mitigates risks, while promoting efficiency, and providing an optimal
conduit for the reservoir to flow.
St. Malo project have made deepwater

economics more favorable by reducing
the number of trips needed to complete
a well from Lower Tertiary formations.
Advancing the industry frontier

Halliburton is committed to working
with Chevron to reduce completion and
production costs for successive phases
of the Jack/St. Malo project and apply
the efficiency gains to other deepwater and ultra-deepwater E&P projects in
the Gulf of Mexico and throughout the
world. In fact, Halliburton has worked
on more than 90% of deepwater operations worldwide, including every project
in the Lower Tertiary.
Integrated completion resources

Collaboration success
The Jack/St. Malo project is a remarkable
example of how collaboration between
an operator and a service company can
achieve step-change advances in oilfield
technologies. The technical innovations
and lessons learned during the Jack/
Real-time visualization/collaboration centers provide technological elements that facilitate access

to information and effective team decision making.
In February 2015, Halliburton opened

its new Integrated Completions
Center (ICC) in New Iberia, Louisiana.
Located on 103 acres, the 275,000-sqft climate-controlled facility includes a
30,000-sq-ft administration building,
an operations command center and
several learning auditoriums for training. The ICC will increase the companys
resources for deepwater completions,
align services, ease equipment maintenance, preparation and job execution
for its Gulf of Mexico area customers, all
aimed at delivering the highest level of
service quality.
3000 N. Sam Houston Pkwy E.

281/871-4000
www.halliburton.com
JACK/ST. MALO | 4 1
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COMPANY PROFILE
ENBRIDGE INC.
Enbridge WRGS provides gas

gathering services for Jack/St. Malo
Enbridge constructed, owns and operates the Walker Ridge Gathering System
(WRGS). WRGS currently serves the Jack/
St. Malo fields, and will also provide the
gas portion of the Big Foot field when
it is connected. With an estimated capital cost of $400 million, the WRGS has
a capacity of 120 million cubic feet per
day (MMcf/d) and includes 170 miles
of 10-inch and 8-inch diameter pipeline at water depths of up to 7,000 feet.
The WRGS ties into Enbridges Manta
Ray and Nautilus offshore pipeline systems. The first phase of the system, serving Jack/St. Malo, went into service in
December 2014.
Integrated Project Team

Soon after the Jack/St. Malo discoveries,
Enbridge engaged with Chevron and
its project co-owners to understand
the requirements of a gas gathering
system for the Walker Ridge area.
Its important for us to always
focus on the needs of the customer,
said Enbridges Allan Schneider, vice
president of engineering and project execution. Having a clear understanding of their needs and working
with our customer every step of the
way ensures a good outcome.
Once definitive agreements were
signed in December 2010, Enbridge and
Chevron formed an integrated team,
with defined roles and responsibilities, to
design and implement the WRGS project.
The 20-person team had members
from all aspects of the project including
procurement, project controls, quality
control, engineering and project management. Chevron team members participated in technical, commissioning
coordination and risk management
roles on the Enbridge Project Team.
Representatives from Jack/St. Malo and
Big Foot, as well as a commercial representative were actively monitoring
the project and officially represented
Chevron and its project co-owners on
interface issues and decisions.
The team conducted biweekly meetings to discuss ongoing issues, make
decisions, and carefully document every
step of the project. The team consulted
with groups working on the Jack/St. Malo
floating production unit (FPU) to understand all requirements and develop procedures to tie the pipeline into the FPU in
7,000 feet of water. In addition, the team

worked with Chevron to provide a comprehensive progress report annually to
the project co-owners on Jack/St. Malo.
The integrated team approach worked
well and kept the project on schedule.
Unique Requirements for WRGS

The Walker Ridge Gathering System was
designed to meet a number of unique
requirements. The WRGS had to transport up to 120 MMcf/day of high pressure gas 150 miles from Walker Ridge
718 to Ship Shoal 332. The system had
to safely tie into the Jack/St. Malo FPU
in 7,000 feet of water using steel catenary risers (SCR) and terminate in the
crowded infrastructure on the shelf
around Ship Shoal 332.
(Below) Ship Shoal 332 platforms
(A & B) in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico,
(left) Technips Deep Blue
performed the pipelay work.
Photo courtesy of Technip.
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The Jack/St. Malo FPU was designed

to be powered by natural gas, so the
WRGS pipeline had to be bi-directional,
providing import gas for FPU startup
operations, and for times when produced gas became insufficient to meet
fuel needs during the life of the platform. In order to provide suitable pressure and quality for gas
used during import operations, a compressor and
dehydration station were
installed at the Ship Shoal
332 platform.
The WRGS design also
had to accommodate the
subsequent tie-in of gas
production from other
deepwater fields, so the
project included installation of several large subsea
sled structures with Y connection points.
In addition, by terminating at Ship
Shoal 332, the WRGS gave the Jack/St.
Malo owners an alternate route to ship
gas to market. In the unlikely event of
problems on Enbridges Nautilus pipeline, gas from WGRS could be directed
to the nearby Kinetica Energy Express
pipeline, assuring reliable gas delivery.
During the front-end engineering
and design (FEED) process, the team
developed a comprehensive design
for the WRGS to address all of these
requirements.
WRGS Implementation
While the Jack/St. Malo FPU was being
assembled in Ingleside, Texas, Enbridge
began construction of the WRGS, with
Technip as the pipelay contractor.
Technips Deep Blue and Deep Energy
vessels, which are capable of installing
up to 33 miles of 10-inch diameter pipe

in a single voyage, were selected to perform the work.
The WRGS was constructed during
peak activity in the Gulf of Mexico. At
the time, pipeline contractors were
working at full capacity, and Enbridge
had to coordinate with suppliers and
several producing groups to schedule

WRGS construction and keep the project on schedule. Work proceeded without weather delays, completing the
170 miles of the gas pipeline system in
five segments.
As the pipeline was installed, the
project team focused on equipment
inspection and quality control of system
components. Extensive pigging tests
were performed on the bi-directional
Y connections (provided by Quality
Connector Systems, now part of Oil
States International), and additional tests
were performed to assure pig-ability of
the entire system.
Chevron and other project co-owners required the WRGS to have a very
robust emergency pipeline repair system (EPRS) in place to minimize downtime in the event of pipeline damage. To
comply with the requirement, Enbridge

acquired and tested a complete EPRS
package, including lifting frames,
clamps, connectors and remotely operated vehicle tools for coating removal,
cutting and beveling.
At Ship Shoal 332, Technips Uncle
John vessel was used for spool and
riser installation in 435
feet of water. For redundant protection, installation included a subsea
safety shutdown system
for the high pressure gas
line in addition to the standard surface emergency
shutdown system.
At Jack/St. Malo, the
gas export line was successfully connected to the
FPU through a steel catenary riser, and during initial
startup, Enbridge delivered gas to the platform, demonstrating the bi-directional operation of the
pipeline system.
The WRGS delivered first gas from
Jack/St. Malo in December 2014.
Enbridge completed the project on time
and under budget.
The WRGS system is designed for
reliable operation, and provides options
for Chevron and its project co-owners to keep oil flowing and deliver
gas to market.
ENBRIDGE (U.S.) INC.

1100 Louisiana, suite 3300
Houston, TX 77002
www.enbridge.com
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COMPANY PROFILE
AKER SOLUTIONS INC.
Early delivery of complex

production control umbilicals
Over the past 20 years, Aker Solutions
has delivered more than 550 umbilicals for some of the worlds most
challenging fields, from harsh environment to ultra-deep, high-pressure
water conditions.
For the Jack/St. Malo fields, Aker
Solutions supplied five subsea production control umbilicals, which provide
hydraulic, electrical and fiber-optic service. Totaling 112,403 m, these steeltube umbilicals have been deployed at
7,000-ft water depth.
Engineering, project management,
and manufacturing took place at the
COMPANY PROFILE
companys state-of-the-art umbilical facility in Mobile, Alabama. The

JSM umbilical project required extensive coordination with suppliers, the
Aker Solutions umbilical facility in Mobile,

Alabama, with its high-capacity horizontal
cable, is specially designed to meet the
challenges of demanding deepwater
applications.
deployment contractor and Chevrons

JSM team, explained Aker Solutions
project manager Graham Jones.
Despite the logistical challenges and
complex umbilical construction, which
included UV protection for the dynamic
portions of the umbilicals that are
above the water line and a double closing process to incorporate additional
fiber-optic cables and hydraulic lines,
Aker Solutions achieved early delivery,
before the contractual date.
AKER SOLUTIONS INC.

3010 Briarpark Drive, Suite 500
(713) 685-5700
www.akersolutions.com
DNV GL
Success through project performance

forecasting and technology qualification
The Jack/St. Malo project posed numerous challenges in terms of performance
forecasting, technical risk assessment
and qualification of innovative E&P technologies. DNV-GL is proud to have contributed to the success of this deepwater
milestone through our technical advisory
services, explained Graeme Pirie, Vice
President DNV-GL Oil &Gas.
Performance forecasting. A
DNV-GL team performed an asset risk
study, assuring that the Jack/St. Malo
facility will meet its intended production
targets based on the engineering design
and system configuration. The study
included technical risk assessments to

ensure that the topsides and loads were
within design specifications.
Technology qualification. In
Bergen, Norway, DNV-GL performed
testing on umbilicals and polyester
ropes. Laboratory testing was also performed at DNV-GLs facility in Columbus,
Ohio, to ensure that materials under test
were fit-for-purpose in the downhole

Lower Tertiary environment.
Chevron has endorsed DNV-GLs recommended practice (RP 8203) for its
Technology Qualification Program (TQP).
The TQP is used to qualify any novel
or unproven technology that is under
consideration.
DNV GL
1400 Ravello Drive
Katy, Texas, USA 77429
www.dnvgl.com
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COMPANY PROFILE
BEVEL TECH GROUP INC.
Bevel Tech Group Inc. provides ID Machining

of JSM Riser and FSFL pipe joints
Bevel Tech Group Inc. (BTG) provides
critical, precision machining on the ID
and OD of deepwater pipe and components from 3 to 28 onsite, with CNC
precision, in the U.S. and internationally.
In 2006 BTG completed the machining
on Chevrons Tahiti Project steel catenary risers (SCR), FSFLs, Flow-lines and
J-Collars, machining over 6,000 ends to
project specifications using our manual
counter boring systems.
Proprietary CNC Machining

Developed in 2006, BTGs CNC machining system was designed to provide
CNC quality machined products in virtually any location, no matter how rugged or remote. The system can operate
under generator power, is adjustable to
compensate for uneven landscapes, and
is containerized for shipping overseas.
However, BTGs main goal in developing the concept was to provide our fully
trained staff a safe operating system for
use in any set up location.
For the Jack/St. Malo Project BTGs
automated CNC system performed the
ID machining on the FSFL and SCR pipe
joints on location. More than 3,500 ends
were machined to exact ID and WT
specifications needed on time, safely.
Entering our 10th year of operating our
CNC systems, we have completed more
than 50 deepwater machining projects
without any safety or quality incidents.
About Bevel Tech Group Inc.

Bevel Tech Group Inc. was established in 1998 as a specialty field and
Bevel Tech Group Inc.s machining system provides CNC quality products in virtually any location,
no matter how rugged or remote.
shop machining company with heavy

emphasis on deepwater pipe and products. Since then, BTG has become a
leader in counter boring SCR pipe and
components needed for deepwater
projects. Bevel Tech Group Inc. partners with major oil companies and their
EPC contractors to develop and provide unique services for the deepwater industry:
Counter boring (OD and ID) for
SCR and flow line piping or other
applications
Specialized coating machining
removal/modifications
Pipe End Measurement Services
(PEMS) Laser Metrology
Pipe cutting and beveling services for
all sizes of pipe.
Bolting/ Torqueing
Isolation Testing
Millwrights
Field Machining of all Types
BTG provides proven project

management, equipment, and
technicians while achieving high
standards in Safety and Quality.
BEVEL TECH GROUP INC.

4030 Bowden Road, Geismar, LA
+1 225 677 8276 +1 866 875 1286
www.beveltechgroup.com
JACK/ST. MALO | 4 5
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COMPANY PROFILE
DANOS
Danos Supports Jack/St. Malo

Platform Commissioning
Danos provided mechanical hook-up
and commissioning support for the
Jack/St. Malo floating production unit
(FPU). The company also closed out or
mitigated more than 2,000 punch-list
items to enable Chevron to produce first
oil on schedule.
Onshore and Offshore Support

Danos provided onshore logistics,
materials management, fabrication
and construction support throughout
the topsides integration. Mechanical
walkdowns began 90 days before the
FPU was towed from the integration
yard in November 2013.
Once the FPU was moored at
Walker Ridge 718, Danos continued
to provide installation, testing and
remediation services through January
of 2015. One of the challenges of
the Jack/St. Malo project was that
many operations typically performed
onshore adjustable speed drive
(ASD) transformer removals, large
valve replacements, and hydrostatic
testing had to be carried out in the
offshore environment. Danos managed
difficult logistics, as well as limitations
for personnel on board, to successfully
perform these complex operations on
the FPU moored 250 miles from the
nearest port.
Project Highlights
Danos contributed to the success of the
Jack/St. Malo project:
Fabricated and installed a temporary
oil export system with two pumps
Danos owners, from left: Paul Danos, Executive Vice President; Garret"Hank" Danos, President &
CEO; Mark Danos, Vice President of Project Services; and Eric Danos, Executive Vice President.
and 500 linear feet of pipe, requiring

over 300 shop welds.
Removed and reinstalled five
large ASD skids in two buildings,
and designed and performed
infrastructure modifications needed
to complete the task.
Removed, repaired and reinstalled
106 PetrolValves and actuators,
including 52 large, high-pressure
valves (rated at 15,000 psi).
Installed a 66,000-pound H2S removal
skid below the platforms north bridge.
Danos project managers designed a
skid-in plan to install the unit from the
platforms moonpool, eliminating the
need for derrick barge support.
Completed 160 pressure tests of 34
systems at pressures up to 22,500 psi.
Issues found during 14 flow line tests
were successfully repaired without
delaying line commissioning.
About Danos
Founded in 1947, Danos is a familyowned and managed oilfield service
provider. In addition to project
management and construction services,
Danos offers production workforce,
environmental, instrumentation and
electrical, fabrication, coatings, materials
management, scaffolding, shorebase
and logistics solutions.
DANOS
3878 West Main Street
Gray, LA 70359
Toll Free: 800-487-5971
Tel: 985-219-3313
www.danos.com
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COMPANY PROFILE
HEEREMA MARINE CONTRACTORS
Heerema transports, installs

Jack/St. Malo FPU
Heerema Marine Contractors (HMC)
Marshalling Materials
transported the Jack/St. Malo floating
At its facility in Port Fourchon, La., HMC
production unit (FPU) from the Kiewitt
gathered and organized 13,000 m of
Offshore Services (KOS) shipyard in
chains with associated shackles; 43 reels
Corpus Christi 425 miles to Walker Ridge
containing more than 72,000 m of poly718. HMC installed mooring lines and
ester rope; and a variety of subsea moorsteel catenary risers (SCR) to the FPU. In
ing connectors and rope connectors.
addition, HMC managed
design, fabrication and
testing of the SCR pull-in
equipment, and marshaled
chains, ropes and connectors needed to install the
FPU in 7,000 ft of water.
This large-scale installation
required subcontracting
with 18 suppliers, as well as
deployment of the Balder
Deepwater Construction
DCV Balder lifting a Jack/St. Malo suction pile.
Vessel, a support vessel, a
smart buoy, two barges and
a total of 14 tugs.
Tow-out and Installation
of Mooring Lines
Suction Pile Installation
First, Heerema transported 16 suction
piles and installed them in the ocean
floor to secure the mooring lines. Each
pile was 120 ft long and 19 ft in diameter, with a dry weight of 353 short
tons. The piles were towed on barges
from the KOS facility to Walker Ridge
block 718. The Balder vessel, which is
equipped with two cranes and can lift
up to 6300 tons, unloaded the piles
from the barge and lowered them to
the seabed. Suction pumps were used
to drive them into the sea floor. This
operation took two weeks, from May 8
to May 22, 2013.
In November 2013, HMC towed the

Jack/St. Malo FPU from the KOS facility.
The massive FPU, which weighs 55,000
mT, was towed by 11 tugs to a holding area where the push fenders were
removed and bunkering took place to
increase its draft. Then the FPU was
towed to its operating location.
Next, HMC installed the 16-line
mooring system to secure the FPU in
place. Each of the mooring lines was
secured to a mooring pile, and was
comprised of an anchor chain, multiple polyester rope segments joined by
H-link connectors, and an upper chain
connected to the FPU.
Custom SCR Pull-in System

HMC managed the design, procurement, fabrication and testing of the custom-engineered SCR Pull-in equipment.
The system, which includes an SCR
module (SCRM), specially manufactured
chain, chain locker and work wire winch,
has the capacity to pull 1250 mT of riser.
Once the FPU was moored on location, six SCRs were laid down on the
seabed in proper orientation, and so
their installation would not interfere
with the mooring lines. Then the SCRs
were recovered in sequence and pulled
up by the SCRM. This operation was
completed in January 2014.
About HMC
Heerema Marine Contractors (HMC)
is a world leading marine contractor in the international offshore oil and
gas industry. HMC transports, installs,
and removes fixed and floating structures, subsea pipelines and infrastructures in all water depths. The company
is a fully-owned subsidiary of the
Heerema Group.
HEEREMA MARINE CONTRACTORS

Vondellaan 47
2332 AA Leiden
The Netherlands
JACK/ST. MALO | 4 7
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COMPANY PROFILE
JDR CABLE SYSTEMS LTD
Self-supporting, open-water umbilical

systems for rigless, riserless well control
A world-class provider of subsea technologies, JDR Cables plays a key role in
the design, development and delivery
of self-supporting, open-water intervention workover control (IWOC) umbilical systems.
Self-supporting open-water
umbilicals. Custom-engineered, patented and manufactured by JDR, this
class of open-water umbilicals utilizes
high strength materials and innovative
component configuration to support its
own weightand that of the subsea
termination assembly. The JDR umbilicals are suitable for riserless, rigless
open-water applications. They can be
spooled rapidly and immediately upon
arrival at the site, and may be deployed
through the moonpool or over the
side from a vessel of opportunity. The
Umbilical Termination Assembly (UTA)
can be deployed via the umbilical as
well. JDR umbilicals have a smaller footprint and reduced need for topside
equipment. Risk of exposure for personnel is reduced as well.
Workscope. For the Jack/St. Malo
project, JDR developed two highstrength, self-supporting, open-water
umbilical systems, designed to operate in water depths of 7,000 ft. With
patented terminations, the umbilicals
enable an extensive range of well control packages to be rapidly deployed
from a vessel of opportunity, without
the need to clamp the umbilical to a
wireline or riser.
The umbilical packages featured
JDRs high-capacity subsea terminations
Comprehensive pre-deployment inspection and testing ensured successful installation of the

IWOC umbilicals for the Jack/St. Malo project.
and custom-engineered hydraulic reelers for open-water operations. Designed

and manufactured in Littleport (UK), the
umbilicals were integrated with the reelers before field shipment.
Comprehensive testing. In addition to a full API17E qualification program, JDR undertook a series of tests
to evaluate and verify the strength and
compatibility of the umbilical design
under a variety of operational and environmental workloads.
The umbilicals were load tested at
2.5 x SWL with no failure. There was
95% retention in strength of umbilical after fatigue due to continuous reeling (employing a solid turning wheel for
uniform load distribution). The umbilicals were suitable for continued operation at its safe working load (SWL) of
30,000 lb for >50 deployment cycles.
The subsea termination exceeded the
specified minimum break load (MBL)

of 72,500 lb.
JDRs dynamic and agile approach
delivers industry-leading solutions;
building long-term partnerships and
increasing asset productivity. New technologies, such as JDRs self-supporting, open-water umbilical systems, have
been developed to enable Operators to
realize significant cost savings for their
intervention operations in deepwater
applications.
JDR CABLE SYSTEMS LTD

177 Wisbech Road,
Littleport Innovation Park, Littleport
Ely, CB6 1RA, England
www.jdrcables.com
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COMPANY PROFILE
KBR, INC.
KBR is Pleased to Have Collaborated

with Chevron on Successful,
Ground-Breaking Jack/St. Malo Project
The opportunity to participate on
the Jack/St. Malo floating production unit (FPU) for Chevron positioned
KBR at the forefront of deep water field
development.
One of the largest semi-submersible production platforms in the world
and the first semi-submersible floating
production unit designed and built as a
low-motion unit for the Gulf of Mexico,
the Jack/St. Malo FPU is an example of
KBRs ability to offer integrated solutions
through combined expertise across all
of KBR and our subsidiaries.
KBR performed conceptual engineering and design, pre-front-end engineering design (FEED) and FEED services
and KBR subsidiaries Granherne and
GVA collaborated on the execution
Jack/St. Malos hull arrives in Port Aransas, TX on its way to the fabrication yard in May of 2013
of the design and engineering support through fabrication for the deep
draft semi-submersible including: hull,
Jack/St. Malo is the largest semi-submersible in the Gulf of Mexico based on displacement. With a
planned production life of more than 30 years, current technologies are anticipated to recover in
excess of 500 million oil-equivalent barrels
deck box, accommodations, appurtenances, equipment foundations, mooring system design, and anchor suction
piles. The semi was designed to minimize vessel motion and allow acceptable fatigue lives of the moorings, risers
and umbilicals.
With the Jack/St. Malo FPU, Chevron
has expanded the possibilities of offshore exploration and production and
KBR is pleased to have collaborated
with Chevron on this successful and
ground-breaking project.
KBR, INC.
601 Jefferson Street
Houston, TX 77002
www.KBR.com
JACK/ST. MALO | 4 9
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COMPANY PROFILE
OIL STATES INDUSTRIES, INC.
Oil States technology gets SCRs

on board at Jack/St. Malo
Oil States Industries, Inc. collaborated
on the Jack/St. Malo project, providing
pull-in technology for the installation
of multiple SCRs as well as FlexJoint
HPHT SCR flexible joint assemblies.
A cooperative effort between Oil
StatesHouma and Bardex, the SCR
Pull-In System was used to transfer the
flow-lines and risers from the installation vessel to the FPU. The Oil States
team designed, manufactured, and
tested the systems SCR Pull-In Module;
the chain windlass and chain locker
assembly; and the work wire and auxiliary winches.
The system offered the ability for
the entire system and components to
translate 360 around the moon pool on
rails and for the SCR module to rotate
360 under load. These capabilities were
vital to achieving precise installation
into the hang-off porches integral to
the FPU hull.
The modules included:

SCR Pull-In Module with chain jack
designed for a 1250 Te nominal
capacity and 147mm chain for lifting
and positioning the SCRs
Chain Locker Module for storage of
600m of 147mm chain, including
a 40 Te auxiliary winch to manage
and store slack
Work Wire Winch Module designed
for 700m of 3 wire with a line pull
of 175 Te on all layers; used to install
the chain onto the FPU from the
support barge
Oil States completed a full-scale dynamic
test of the system at its facility in Houma,
Louisiana. The installation was completed
on time and without incident.
Oil States also designed, qualified and manufactured four 10
production, one 10 gas export, and
one 20 oil export FlexJoint HPHT
SCR flexible joints for the Jack/St. Malo
project. The flexible joints provide the

required storm safety and fatigue resistance for the SCRs connected to the
Jack/St. Malo FPU.
Acute Technological Services (ATS),
owned by Oil States, provided specialty welding services for the project
andqualified three first-joint girth weld
procedures and NDE. ATS also fabricated the first girth welds for each of the
six top-of-riser assemblies.
Oil States Houma provided 16 Model
UCF-104 7-pocket Underwater Chain
Fairleads sized for 165mm chain.
OIL STATES INDUSTRIES, INC.

7701 S. Cooper Street
Arlington, Texas 76001 USA
T +1 817 548 4452
www.oilstates.com
SCR Pull-in system on board the

Chevron Jack/St. Malo FPU
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COMPANY PROFILE
ONESUBSEA
Subsea Boosting Systems Contribute

to Jack/St. Malos Success
Seabed boosting technology from
OneSubsea, a Schlumberger company,
is making an important contribution to
Chevrons Jack/St. Malo project by providing the necessary lifting required to
produce from the two deepwater fields
and enable long tiebacks to the developments Floating Production Unit (FPU).
To date, Chevron has drilled 12 wells
in three clusters (one in the Jack field
and two in the St. Malo field), which are
served by three subsea pumps.
Importance of Seabed Boosting

The prolific Lower Tertiary reservoirs
tapped by Jack/St. Malos 28,000-ft wells
naturally provided enough pressure to
lift the hydrocarbons from the reservoir
to the seabed, and carry them through
the long tiebacks and to the production
platform. However, as the original reservoir pressure declined, Chevron chose
to deploy subsea pumps on the seafloor
to boost the production to the topsides
facility. Chevron has stated that by reducing the back-pressure on the reservoir,
the boosting pumps have the potential
to improve the recovery factor by 10% to
30%. This translates to between 50 and
150 million barrels of additional oil recovery resulting from this leading-edge subsea boosting technology.
The OneSubsea Solution

OneSubsea, through its Schlumberger
and former Cameron roots, has implemented 30 subsea projects over the last
25 years and has unmatched experience
in meeting the challenges of deepwater
The OneSubsea boosting pumps are rated for 13,000 psi design pressure and differential pressures
up to 4,500 psi.
production. After rigorous evaluation,

Chevron chose OneSubsea as its supplier for the subsea boosting system on
the Jack/St. Malo project.
OneSubsea provided a broad scope
of services and products for Jack/St.
Malo, including engineering, project
management, 12 subsea trees, production controls, and four manifolds. Subsea
boosting technology was the most
advanced contribution from OneSubsea,
including three pump stations with
3.0MW single-phase pumps, subsea
transformers, and pump control modules; associated controls and instrumentation; and a complete topside power
and control system.
Installed in 2,100 m (7,000 ft) of
water, the 3.0MW pumps are the most
powerful subsea pumps ever deployed,
and are rated for 13,000 psi design pressure and differential pressures up to
4,500 psi. The powerful pumps convey

production through two 20-km (12.5mile) tie-backs and the risers to the topside processing system on the FPU.
Booster Systems Installed

and Commissioned
The subsea boosting systems were
installed and tested in 2014, and Jack/
St. Malos first oil was produced in
December of that year. In early 2016, the
systems were fully operational, lifting
70,000 bopd. Jack/St. Malo production
is expected to ramp up to 94,000 bopd
and 21 MMCF/day in the coming years.
4646 W Sam Houston Pkwy N

www.onesubsea.slb.com
JACK/ST. MALO | 5 1
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COMPANY PROFILE
RUTHS.AI
Data-driven solutions across the

entire oil and gas value chain
Buzzwords such as analytics, datadriven solutions and business intelligence have entered the lexicon of the
oil and gas industry for some time now.
With the implementation of oil and gas
apps on the TIBCO Spotfire platform,
Ruths.ai has transformed these buzzwords from promises to best practices.
Ruths.ai
An oil and gas data analytics company,
Ruths.ai specializes in building solutions
that handle the messy reality of todays
data. These solutions enable scientists
and engineers make informed decisions across the entire oil and gas value
chain. Ruths.ai leverages the TIBCO
Spotfire platform as the visual analytics and interactive exploratory analysis engine of delivered solutions. Ruths.
ai has over eight years of experience

in applying Spotfire to both common
workflows and in-depth analyses in the
oil and gas domain. Based in Houston,
the Ruths.ai team works with technical
end users and IT departments to gain
valuable insights for some of the largest and most complex oil and gas fields
in the world.
The Ruths.ai team is led by Troy
Ruths, who is the founder and Chief
Data Scientist. Troy earned his BEng in
Computer Science from Washington
University in St. Louis in 2008.
Subsequently, Troy graduated with a
PhD, also in Computer Science, from
Rice University. He gained his first
insights into the oil and gas industry as an intern for Chevron. In recent
years, through Ruths.ai, Troy has worked
closely with Chevrons technical and IT

teams to design and implement sophisticated analyses for a growing set of
global applications.
Data analytics resources

Ruths.ai works with its clients through
an analytics retainer. This arrangement
provides a comprehensive set of services for an organization to help mature
and support its growth in data sciences
and data-driven solutions. Specifically,
the retainer offers:
1) Exchange.ai Premier Membership
for privileged access to Exchange.ai, a
multi-vendor analytics app store,
2) Onsite and Web Support for dayto-day data analysis questions,
3) Advisement for access to a
Community of Excellence and data science advisors,
4) Training consisting of a deep course
catalog of classes provided at regular intervals.
An exciting part of the Ruths.ai ecosphere is DataShopTalk, a collection
of curated articles about Spotfire, data,
data science, and messages about how
the data analytics community lives,
works, and plays.
Oil and gas apps at Exchange.ai
Ruths.ais 3D Subsurface Visualization extension adds surfaces, trajectories and seismic volumes
for a true, 360, interactive view of the subsurface environment, bringing together the best data
science interface for 3D analytics.
Exchange.ai is the only multi-vendor

analytics app marketplace that allows
users to browse solutions and download
a growing array of templates and extensions across the oil and gas value chain.
Templates are guided analytic workflows that provide the users a launching
5 2 | JACK/ST. MALO
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point for their Spotfire analysis. The

templates are designed to solve common oil and gas workflows. Extensions
provide new functionality to Spotfire
by adding visualizations, data connectors, and tools.
Ruths.ai provides modular templates
and extensions that can be combined
to make powerful workflows. Some of
the Ruths.ai products, available through
Exchange.ai, include:
3D Subsurface Visualization an
extension for visualizing 3D surfaces,
well paths, variables on well paths,
wellbore features, geobodies, and
seismic within Spotfire,
Basic Type Curve Analysis an
extension for aggregating well
declines to determine typical behavior of a well ensemble,
Workover Candidate Analysis
a workflow for identifying potential
workover candidates using past field
performance,
Well Log Visualization an extension to create, visualize, and interact
with log data.
Data analysis partnership

with Chevron
Ruths.ai and Chevron have had an
enduring data analytics collaboration.
A recent example is a reservoir management application that Troy Ruths
and John Pederson, production manager of a Chevron asset, designed to
analyze and monitor oil fields. The softwares goal is to integrate and expose
data feeds from the JSM

wells as well as to discern how parameters,
such as the productivity
index (PI) and reservoir
pressure, for the wells
compare with simulation
data as they were ramping them up, explained
Troy Ruths. We were
able to bring up the simA visual, interactive experience enables scientists and engineers
ulation data side-by-side
to discover new and actionable insights into their oil and fields to
with the field data for a
increase production and reduce costs.
real-time comparison.
relevant, oilfield-related data sources to
We also ran predictive
improve the efficiency and quality of
well integrity models against PI degradecision-making, communication, and
dation and pressure loss. The JSM stage
data mining in a friendly, visual analytics
1 producing wells data will be utilized
environment. The application is stable,
in the analysis to provide insights and
tested, and deployed across Chevrons
information to support future JSM wells.
global assets.
Analyst Recognition
Startup monitoring
for JSM wells
Ruths.ai delivered several analytics tools
that provided advanced Spotfire capability for the JSM engineering team.
Specifically, these tools enabled the JSM
team to build dynamic plots necessary
for startup monitoring. This extension
improved the existing toolset for the
JSM startup workbench in terms of performance and content, built additional
analyses that target tactical workflows,
and is supporting ongoing reporting
requirements.
Our application enabled the
Chevron engineers to monitor real-time
Gartner has named Ruths.ai as one

of the Cool Vendors in Oil and Gas,
2016 for its custom developed data
science solutions.
RUTHS.AI
708 Main Street, Suite 820
Houston, TX 77002 USA
+1 (832) 255-5100
info@ruths.ai
Gartner, Cool Vendors in Oil and Gas, 2016, May 5, 2016. The Gartner Cool Vendor Logo is a trademark and service mark of Gartner, Inc., and/or its
affiliates, and is used herein with permission. All rights reserved. Gartner does not endorse any vendor, product or service depicted in its research
publications, and does not advise technology users to select only those vendors with the highest ratings or other designation. Gartner research
publications consist of the opinions of Gartner's research organization and should not be construed as statements of fact. Gartner disclaims all
warranties, expressed or implied, with respect to this research, including any warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose.
JACK/ST. MALO | 5 3
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COMPANY PROFILE
TECHNIP
Technip leverages its products

and services to deliver an
integrated subsea system
Technip is a world leader in project
management, engineering and construction for the energy industry. From
the deepest subsea oil and gas developments to the largest and most
complex offshore and onshore infrastructures, our 34,400 people are constantly offering the best solutions and
most innovative technologies to meet
the worlds energy challenges. Present
in 48 countries, Technip has state-ofthe-art industrial assets on all continents
and operates a fleet of specialized vessels for pipeline installation and subsea
construction.
Jack/St. Malo (JSM)

subsea project
Technip was responsible for subsea
installation services, using the Deep Blue,
one of the worlds largest ultra-deepwater pipelay and subsea construction
vessels, to install 55 miles of flowlines
and SCRs, eight PLETS, and eight heavylift structures over four, continuous offshore campaigns.
Stalk fabrication for the flowlines
and SCRs took place at Technips spoolbase in Theodore, Alabama, which also
served as the mobilization site for the
Deep Blue. Fatigue-sensitive flowline
sections required buoyancy modules.
Strakes and anodes were also part of
the flowlines installation. The Technipdesigned pipeline end terminations
(PLETs) were fabricated in Houston,
Texas. Six stab and hinge-over PLETS
The Deep Blue is one of the most advanced pipelay and construction vessels of the subsea industry
and the flagship of the Technip fleet.
were fabricated to initiate flowlines, and

two gravity-base, second-end PLETs
were supplied for terminations. All stab
and hinge-over PLETS were stabbed
into pre-installed piles and hinged over
to land on the pile top.
The Technip-designed stab and
hinge over PLETS were the first of their
kind for rigid pipelay applications with
the Deep Blue. The heavy-lift structures,
four manifolds and four tie-in skids,
were free-issued by Chevron and loaded
out by inland barge, transferred to an
offshore barge and transported to the
field for offshore installation. All structures were installed onto pre-existing
piles. The heaviest of the manifold structures installed weighed 200 tonnes.
HSE milestones
Consistent with our HSE Pulse program,
the health and safety of our employees is a core value and an absolute commitment for Technip. The JSM project
completed over one million man-hours
without a recordable injury (LTIR=0.00
and TRIR=0.00).
TECHNIP
11740 Katy Freeway, Suite 100
Houston, Texas 77079, USA
1 281 870 1111
www.technip.com
5 4 | JACK/ST. MALO
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COMPANY PROFILE
WOOD GROUP MUSTANG
Wood Group Mustang Puts

Experience to Work with
the Jack/St. Malo Topsides Design
Since its inception more than 25 years
ago, Wood Group Mustang has developed a global reputation for its innovation, technical excellence and project
management expertise on many of the
industrys most notable floating deepwater projects. As testimony, it has
designed and engineered more than
60% of the topsides for floating production facilities currently operating in the
U.S. Gulf Mexico (GOM). In just the past
decade alone, Wood Group Mustang
has designed more than 500,000 metric
tons of topsides representing production of over 1.5 million BOPDE.
The complexity of the Jack/St. Malo
design was complicated by the need
for the facility to host the two co-developed fields, 25 miles (40 km) apart and in
ultra-deep 7,000-foot water depths. The
design also needed to incorporate additional provisions to accommodate future
subsea tie-backs to additional fields. Jack/
St. Malo is one of the largest semi-submersible facilities in the world and the
largest by displacement in the GOM, with
a final topsides weight of 33,000 tons.
The initial design throughput was for
170,000 BOPD and 43 mmscf gas. The
hub supports 43 subsea wells and is the
first such facility to operate in the gulfs
high-pressure Lower Tertiary trend.
Wood Group Mustang first completed the front-end engineering design
(FEED) phase for the production facilities. Following the projects sanctioning in 2010, Wood Group Mustang was
further awarded the detailed design for

the topsides.
Utilizing its very experienced project team, Wood Group Mustang found
innovative ways to keep the project
on schedule while assuring the necessary quality standards were met. Wood
Group Mustang performed process
and mechanical designs for the many
equipment packages; procured valves,
instruments and other equipment for
the topsides, as well as some hull and
subsea packages; then provided construction management for the topsides
assembly by the selected fabricator.
This procedure allowed the detailed
piping design to be expedited, greatly
reducing the time normally allotted for
packaged equipment vendor data. An
example was a highly complex subsea
chemical distribution module that had
to fit in a compact deck footprint. Wood
Group Mustangs experienced designers
provided the layout for the equipment,

which was installed without incident.
The project was delivered safely,
within budget and on schedule.
Wood Group Mustangs sister companies also made significant contributions to the success of the Jack/St.
Malo project. Wood Group Kenny performed detailed design for the 137-mile
oil export pipeline and Wood Group
PSN provided services relative to the
planning, management and execution
of onshore and offshore hook-up and
commissioning services.
WOOD GROUP MUSTANG

17325 Park Row
Houston, Texas 77084 USA
Tel: +1 832-809-8000
www.woodgroup.com/mustang
JACK/ST. MALO | 5 5
1608CPChevron_55 55
7/13/16 10:22 AM
COMPANY PROFILE
McDERMOTT INTERNATIONAL, INC.
McDermott delivers
integrated subsea solutions
The ability to fabricate jumpers in house,
and the combined strengths of its offshore construction vessels, enables
McDermott to deliver integrated subsea solutions for challenging deepwater projects.
McDermotts North Ocean 102 installed

umbilicals totaling 65 miles.
Custom
Publishing
VP Custom Publishing
Roy Markum
roym@pennwell.com
Principal Writer
Richard Cunningham
cunninghamstudio@gmail.com
Technical Writers
Pramod Kulkarn
pramodhk2000@gmail.com
Ron Bitto
ron.bitto@gmail.com
For Jack/St. Malos first-stage development, McDermott completed in

September 2014 the installation of jumpers, flying leads, subsea pump stations
and umbilicals, and achieved subsea
landings for some of the industrys largest and most complex umbilical-end
terminations. McDermott performed
in-house fabrication of 21 high-specification rigid flowlines, manifold and pump
jumpers, and installed the structures
using the Derrick Barge 50, with its specialized deepwater lowering system.
Three control and two power umbilicals, totaling 65 miles, were installed
Sponsored by
by the subsea construction vessel,

North Ocean 102.
In March 2015, Chevron awarded
the company a contract to support
the brownfield expansion of the Jack/
St. Malo fields. The transportation and
installation of 30 miles of umbilicals is
expected to commence in the second
quarter of 2016.
McDERMOTT INTERNATIONAL, INC.

757 N. Eldridge Parkway
Houston, Texas 77079 USA
Phone: +1 281 870 5000
www.mcdermott.com
A supplement to
Production Manager
Shirley Gamboa
Art Director
Meg Fuschetti
PennWell Petroleum Group
1455 West Loop South, Suite 400
Houston, TX 77027 U.S.A.
713.621.9720
fax: 713.963.6285
PennWell Corporate Headquarters

1421 S. Sheridan Rd.
Tulsa, OK 74112
Chairman
Robert F. Biolchini
Vice Chairman
Frank T. Lauinger
President and Chief Executive Officer
Mark C. Wilmoth
Executive Vice President, Corporate Development and Strategy
Jayne A. Gilsinger
Senior Vice President Finance and Chief Financial Officer
Brian Conway
5
Jack/St. MALO
Malo
5 66 || JACK/ST.
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