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WHAT IS CRYPTOCURRENCY:
A cryptocurrency is a medium of exchange like normal currencies such as USD,
but designed for the purpose of exchanging digital information through a process
made possible by certain principles of cryptography. Cryptography is used to
secure the transactions and to control the creation of new coins. The first
cryptocurrency to be created was Bitcoin back in 2009. Today there are hundreds
of other cryptocurrencies, often referred to as Altcoins. Put another way,
cryptocurrency is electricity converted into lines of code with monetary value. In
the simplest of forms, cryptocurrency is digital currency.
HISTORY OF CRYPTOCURRENCY:
The first cryptocurrency was Bitcoin. Bitcoin was created in 2009 by a
pseudonymous developer named Satoshi Nakamoto. Bitcoin uses SHA-256, which
is a set of cryptographic hash functions designed by the U.S National Security
Agency. Bitcoin is a cryptocurrency that is based on the proof-of-work system. In
April 2011, Namecoin, the first altcoin, was created to form a decentralized DNS
to make internet censorship more difficult. In October 2011, Litecoin was released
and became the first successful cryptocurrency to use scrypt as its hash function
rather than SHA-256. This gave the general public the ability to mine for litecoins
without the purchase of specific hardware such as the ASIC machines used to mine
Bitcoin. Litecoin began receiving media attention in late 2013 reaching a market
cap of $1 billion.Ripplecoin, created in 2011, was built on the same protocol as
Bitcoin but services as a payment system think of it like a Paypal for
CRYPTOCURRENCY CONTROLLED:
Unlike centralized banking, like the Federal Reserve System, where governments
control the value of a currency like USD through the process of printing fiat
money, government has no control over cryptocurrencies as they are fully
decentralized. Most cryptocurrencies are designed to decrease in production over
time like Bitcoin, which creates a market cap on them. Thats different from fiat
currencies where financial institutions can always create more, hence inflation.
Bitcoin will never have more than 21 million coins in circulation. The technical
system on which all cryptocurrencies are based on was created by Satoshi
Nakamoto. While hundreds of different cryptocurrency specifications exist, most
are derived from one of two protocols; Proof-of-work or Proof-of-stake. All
cryptocurrencies are maintained by a community of cryptocurrency miners who are
members of the general public that have set up their computers or ASIC machines
to participate in the validation and processing of transactions.
Cryptocurrency mining power is rated on a scale of hashes per seconds. A rig with
a computing power of 1kH/s is mining at a rate of 1,000 hashes a second, 1MH/s is
a million hashes per second and a GH/s is one billion hashes per second. Every
time a miner successfully solves a block, a new hash is created. A hash algorithm
turns this large amount of data into a fixed-length hash. Like a code if you know
the algorithm you can solve a hash and get the original data out, but to the ordinary
eye its just a bunch of numbers crammed together and remains practically
impossible to get the original data out of.
What is Litecoin?
Litecoin is a peer-to-peer Internet currency that enables instant, near-zero cost
payments to anyone in the world. Litecoin is an open source, global payment
network that is fully decentralized without any central authorities. Mathematics
secures the network and empowers individuals to control their own finances.
Litecoin features faster transaction confirmation times and improved storage
efficiency than the leading math-based currency. With substantial industry support,
trade volume and liquidity, Litecoin is a proven medium of commerce
complementary to Bitcoin.
HISTORY:
Litecoin is the well-known crypto-currency designed by Charles Lee, who now
works as Director of Engineering at Coinbase. when financial expert Charles Lee,
a former employee of Google inspired by the idea of Bitcoin, decided to create an
alternative cryptocurrency. Litecoin was created on the basis of the Bitcoin
protocol and has all the key features of bitcoin: it is decentralized, it has no
Open-source and global, Litecoin, like Bitcoin, is also fully decentralized, with
mathematics securing the network. Some people point to Litecoins faster
transaction times as an improvement over Bitcoin. Litecoin is one of the most
proven crypto-currency experiments on the market and its proof-of-work algorithm
uses scrypt, a different form of encryption, than Bitcoin. Charlie Lee envisaged the
system as silver to Bitcoins gold analogy. He also foresaw that there might be a
time when the Bitcoin network could not handle itself as a transaction network
after a certain volume, and believed Litecoin could handle the spillover if Bitcoin
every reached capacity. Litecoin was released via an open-source client on GitHub
on October 7, 2011 by Charles Lee, a former Google employee.[5] It was a fork of
the Bitcoin-Qt client, differing primarily by having a decreased block generation
time, increased maximum number of coins, different hashing algorithm (scrypt,
instead of SHA-256[6]), and a slightly modified GUI. During the month of
November 2013, the aggregate value of Litecoin experienced massive growth
which included a 100% leap within 24 hours.[7] Litecoin reached a $1 billion
marketcap in November 2013.[8] As of February 2016, its market capitalization is
US$136,512,971 with the price at $3 levels. Charles Lee isnt nearly as invisible as
Satoshi Nakamoto, but hes doing his best. The creator of Litecoin, the second
most successful cryptocurrency after Bitcoin, was happy to speak with CoinDesk,
but he didnt want to reveal too much about himself. What we know for sure about
the California-based software engineer is that he graduated from a leading
technology-focused university in 1999, and is currently working for an Internet
software company. CoinDesk knows who that is and the odd reference can be
found online by those who know where to look - but Lee really doesnt like to talk
about it. The six-person team behind the altcoin is equally secretive. They are
people that I talked to over the years on IRC and other forums, Lee says of the
team, which communicates with the broader community through chat rooms and
message boards. Some of them don't want their identities known. People are
always afraid of government intervention, he says. Cryptocurrency is such a
powerful concept that it can almost overturn governments. Lee heard about
Bitcoin two years ago, and almost immediately understood the significance of the
idea. I definitely think that what the Internet did to information, cryptocurrency
will do to currency, he says. Like many digital coin enthusiasts, he started mining
bitcoin before getting into the altcoin scene.
was just an open source project I worked on in my free time. Now that I'm no
longer at Google, I'm ok with it being more public. Google has a wallet
product for mobile payments, and people in the cryptocurrency space have
speculated that it might make sense for the company to launch its own virtual
currency in the future. Lee confirmed that there would be a virtual wall between
his job at Coinbase and his Litecoin activities. One of Litecoin Project's core
principles is to remain vender neutral and that won't change with me working at
Coinbase, he said. Plus, it's no longer just me running the show. We have
quite a few talented people on our team now and we do things in a democratic
way.
Development:
Litecoin version 0.8.5.1 was released in November 2013. The release included
fixes for vulnerabilities and added enhanced security to the Litecoin network. The
Litecoin developer team released version 0.8.6.1 in early December 2013. The new
version offered a 20x reduction in transaction fees, along with other security and
performance improvements in the client and network. The source code and binaries
were released early to people in the "#litecoin" IRC channel, on the official
Litecoin forums, and on Reddit, with information for power users to add a Litecoin
supernode to the configuration file, while the main site was to be updated after
enough of the network was running the new version. This release method was used
to ensure that the low fee transactions from version 0.8.6.1 clients would not be
delayed by clients running older versions. In April 2014, a new version of Litecoin
was released, version 0.8.7.1, which fixed some minor issues along with an
important fix related to the Heartbleed security.
The reason for the faster transaction processing is that with litecoin, block
processing is done every 2.5 minutes, while with bitcoin it is made only once every
10 minutes. This is an important benefit, and this may be the reason that many
sources have claimed that litecoin will become the alternative to bitcoin in the
future. The official client program distributed for digital currency transactions is
open-source. This was a modification of the Bitcoin-Qt client software (the socalled fork), with some technical differences in the duration of block generation
and in the hashing algorithm, as well some minor changes in the graphical
interface. Since then, many modifications have been released, as well as alternative
client software, including the unofficial version of the Android client software and
the official version of the Electrum client software. At the moment, litecoin is less
popular than its "elder brother" bitcoin, but it has a firm hold on second place in
the world of cryptocurrencies with multi-million capitalization. Even though there
are other alternatives, such as Namecoin, that appeared earlier than litecoin,
Litecoin is much more popular than the other alternative cryptocurrencies. It is
traded much more often on exchanges, both for fiat currency and for btc. The
currency rate has begun to rise, which has attracted increased attention from the
media, as it is regarded as a real alternative to bitcoin.
One of the main differences between Bitcoin and Litecoin concerns the total
number of coins which each cryptocurrency can produce. The Bitcoin network can
never exceed 21 million coins, whereas Litecoin can accommodate up to 84
million coins. Although in theory this sounds like a significant advantage in favor
of Litecoin, its real-world effects may be negligible. This is due to the fact that
both Bitcoin and Litecoin are divisible into nearly infinitesimal amounts. In fact,
the minimum quantity of transferable bitcoin is one hundred millionth of a bitcoin
(0.00000001 bitcoins) known colloquially as one satoshi. Users of either
currency should therefore have no difficulty purchasing low-priced goods or
services, regardless of how high the general price of an undivided single bitcoin or
litecoin may become. Despite this, Litecoins greater number of maximum coins
might offer a psychological advantage over Bitcoin. At todays prices, purchasing a
$2 coffee would cost approximately 0.007 bitcoin, or roughly 1 litecoin. In a video
interview posted by IBMs banking division in November 2013, IBM executive
Richard Brown raised the prospect that some users may prefer transacting in whole
units rather than in fractions of a unita potential advantage for Litecoin.Yet even
assuming that this is true, this problem may be solved through simple software
changes introduced at the level of the digital wallets through which Bitcoin
transactions are made. As Tristan Winters points out in a November 2013 Bitcoin
Magazine article, The Psychology of Decimals, popular Bitcoin wallets such as
Multibit and Electrum already offer users the option of displaying the value of their
bitcoins in terms of official (or fiat) currencies such as the U.S. dollar. This can
help circumvent the psychological aversion to dealing in fractions when using
bitcoin.
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example, a merchant selling a product in exchange for Bitcoin would need to wait
nearly four times as long to confirm payment as if that same product were sold in
exchange for Litecoin. On the other hand, merchants can always opt to accept
transactions without waiting for any confirmation at all. The security of such zeroconfirmation transactions is the subject of some debate. However, recent
innovations such as Bitpays proposed Inter-Channel Payments system (nicknamed
Impulse) may make these kinds of instantaneous transactions significantly more
secure, mitigating Litecoins faster confirmation time advantage.
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have brought Scrypt AISCs to the market, suggesting that Litecoins vision of
easily accessible mining may become a thing of the past.
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market value, but also on the required amount. If you buy cryptocurrency with
credit/debit cards, info about the buying limits will be useful for you.
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Exchange rate:
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Litecoin prices rose nearly 10% today as word the digital currency would be listed
on Coinbase's GDAX exchange spread among traders. The move by the exchange
to list LTC/USD and LTC/BTC currency pairs, however, was long anticipated,
given that litecoin creator Charlie Lee has worked at the startup since 2013.
Launched in 2011 and branded the "silver to bitcoin's gold", litecoin aims to offer
faster transaction confirmation times for merchants. At press time, it was the fourth
larest digital currency by market cap. Notably, litecoin prices began edging
upwards far before the actual announcement, spurred by cryptic tweets and
messages from Lee. According to data from BitcoinWisdom, the price of litecoin
began to spike+*+- at roughly 9:00 UTC, rising from $3.58 to roughly $3.80 at
18:00 UTC, the time of the announcement. During the session, LTC rose 9.3% to
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$4.01 amid heavy volume. But, the move may have been subdued, as the market
has long been aware of GDAXs plans to list litecoin. (The exchange first revealed
it would add the digital currency at some later date on 20th May). Data suggests
traders may have gone so far as to price in this listing long before it happened, as
LTC rose to $4.83 by 28th May and $5.95 by 17th June, CoinMarketCap figures
reveal.
ISSUANCE AUTHORITY:
Litecoin creation and transfer is based on an open source protocol and is not
managed by any central authority. A peer-to-peer network similar to Bitcoin's
handles Litecoin's transactions, balances and issuance through scrypt, the proof-ofwork scheme (Litecoins are issued when a small enough hash value is found, at
which point a block is created, the process of finding these hashes and creating
blocks is called mining). The issuing rate forms a geometric series, and the rate
halves every 840,000 blocks, roughly every four years, reaching a final total of 84
million LTC.
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While Litecoin and a several other coins are mined using SHA-256, Bitcoin and
many other coins, use Scrypt. This are the two major hashing functions, but several
different kinds exists and are used by other cryptpcurrencies such as scrypt-N and
x11. The different hashing functions were adopted to answer concerns with the
SHA-256. Before, individuals were able to mine Bitcoin with their GPUs, which
require a large amount of energy. But as Bitcoin grew in popularity, ASIC SHA256 machine were built which made GPU mining obsolete. To give you an idea of
just how powerful these machines are, a mining rig running 4 GPUs would get a
hash rate of around 3.4 MH/s and consume 3600kW/h while an ASIC machine can
mine 6 TH/s and consume 2200kW/h. This effectively killed GPU mining and left
many individuals worried about the security of the network. With less individuals
being able to profitably mine from their home computer, the network become less
decentralized. Scrypt mining was implemented with the promise of being ASIC
resistant due to the memory problem it introduced. Scrypt hashes require lots of
memory, which GPUs are already designed to handle and ASIC machines were
not. However, Scrypt mining require a lot of energy and eventually scrypt-ASIC
machines were designed to address this problem. At this point Litecoin considered
changing their proof-of-work function to avoid ASIC mining. Scrypt also taut that
their proof-of-work is much more energy efficient than SHA-256. Bitcoin blocks
are solved at a rate of 1 per 10 minutes while Litecoin blocks are solver at a rate of
1 per 2.5 minutes.
Just like bitcoin, litecoin has started with a mining reward of 50 coins per block.
However, the litecoin reward will halve every 840,000 blocks. Again this is four
times larger than the 210,000 block threshold in bitcoin. The transaction fee for
litecoin is 0.02 LTC, which is proportionately higher than the minimum bitcoin fee
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of 0.0001 BTC, however, keep in mind that a litecoin is currently worth 0.019
BTC. The factor of four difference between litecoin and bitcoin persists into the
block time too. The block time is the time it is supposed to take miners to confirm
a block on the block chain. For bitcoin this is 10 minutes, but for litecoin it is just
2.5 minutes. This means that litecoin has the potential to be more attractive to
merchants as there will be less time to wait to ensure that a payment has been
received from customers
BENEFITS:
For Litecoin to get back on track, the digital currency community needs to
recognize some of the big benefits Litecoin can offer. One benefit being that
Litecoin transactions are about 4X faster than Bitcoins. This can be utilized with
great success from casual spending to remittances, ensuring faster service time and
less exposure to market volatility. The miners verify all the transactions through
the Litecoins PoW. Miners have to check all the incoming transactions for fraud
detection and for averting the chances of double spending of Litecoins. In case, no
double spending is detected in the network, the miners complete new blocks by
solving mathematical problems and add those new blocks to the blockchain. After
a new block is successfully added to the blockchain, it is then sent to all the nodes
within the network for ensuring total transparency.
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