........

=~

....oo

I IVIo::".\

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~V I "':t'.J:.Qirl{'J1

__ -- -

~ rmpt?" he~ find n-1~)1 1het~fo.re be

_j j) ~f~OO!S-. __ ...

--

rN TER:~M RUlES OF

r-

tR EHASrU A JON
:

,i

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- -

--

s.u.;,d
--

---

to'!. lhiro
_ _

--n 1c

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1,_

......

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Ylt;u

-r-~ ~

Any debto.r
tc-resees. the 1mpo~ibi y o
ita Cl6tttB ~\1 hen they fe5peor.ti~refy raJl
d1..1~ , or any creditor or oCTedito s h(tf(OOg at
I~ "t'Ne-nty- \1) percenf ~.25%) or th e abtOf"s
~~aoJ h3biliie!l, may pe1J~ian tne- ,proper .1
Regional !ria Court t:) ha.. e he oebtos .PiaDeiJ 1
un r ceh-.abirl a ion

I
1

~ 21

The rourc s.hslr 1.1p0n motiDrl, mol.:t pfDI'Jfio, or

upon _the
the RoehablhatJon

--

! The priDc1PIEI' or "equ alit)r .in equity me&n:s th.al

, whM a ca.j:icrahon is. j;~laced .under Che control

Io f

iODB

~r~~

.:
I

I I II
I I I
I I .
1

court-appointed re.hebili1eriQn rec iver.

then ~.all the u~~~~-ore. !lhouki 5tsnd -on e<iJUBI
fooung Not anyan oi !Pam should be :QI'ten
an y
b't paying one CJi klme of
.
ahead Of the ~he~~ .
his i$ pre<:iStJiy the
i reason 104" the suspe'l'lSioo or all 1-1 nd.intJ claim$.
1
ag.~unst U1
corpcrstu'Jn u flder f-8oei~ter:&Pup ....
(S08REJtJAM tE v. A.SB OEV. COH.P. GR.
II
1 _ __.L. _ _
__~. NO t.s55 ~.5 .. 30 .SEPTEMBfiR 2~.}_ _ .

.E:I

~re~erencc

wwwrlexparetonotesrzdiaz. com

IToosjXv~l

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re[~m~mand31ion or
. -, ~~sr~r;r~~~~~: P'~!!'.!J$.

AW

CRIMINA

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RO CEOUR I; fOR COR~ORA rE

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CHAPT!:R
Ul -. CR1M N.-A. LA.W
----

r-

,1 TRO DUCTION TO BAR EXAMS FOR C R~M I NAl LAW

"'
"'

--.

I.

"'

.....
I

._
o;.:

ars~el' the rst 2(1 art.M::fts:s of

- Re\'i$ed P~l C009 a~
4~ hl!se hOld 1he key ~o undersla":nding Cfii1Nf'lel law.
ead' the eomment ne-5. do not rely Ofl Lho cO(fal prCJIJiSIOr'lS.

.6.rlicle

It is 1ul ile to go abeed v~h J.R'Id'lal taw 1r ~ou c10 no1 'llD<JJJ .stancr
BooK 1.
Oo nm wor'rv abou11he de1ai1S about 11\e pel'l;)ltle::. ror eath c~1c-.
Tt'tay are ra rely .a~ed ;,.. 1he bar t:.Xams. bes1des ~ oo can't
rllefOOri~e them aiJ .An !Jndet-stand~ Q
r the baSIC C)rtriCl'p~S 00
~n hie-s will s.uffic-e

Read the c.ommen ari(i::'i again There ~ no :i~111)Le fo r 1hl~ one

A :A;mment~rv run~ r,.om 1000 1o 2000 p ;:) s. ~f ~ L~ can f1ni::.h TO
peg~ pei hour. and f,!tov Ki ed fl.uther 1tl31 !f9L~ \ ill -std, ~ hovr,_; a
d'ay, you can- fen1s..h it Wlf'kin 2 1:1r'll'hs. (J ug.4 enough filr 1he cnminal
la."N feli13W m~>; ba r Qr 1 you -garl tJvfing Sl.lr"r'll'ller. ju!1.1enol.l'}h lo
'Qe1 )~ o u senior semes.Ler vear -gtertu-.Q)
You r.::an.not t43IV o n 1h~ Crim1na1 ~... re!)ev1 dl&t:oss iJf alane The
pror~lSo sor \ 'idl rot di$C'\J.S..'S 'the Ni !fQ tllh'~ d8'1a ll"3 o t ~ ~ ch artu;Je
(nle amy li\1ng ~t:)U t -an do Whe,n '(.OU ar~ $1t11ng in th@t ClasS I 0 001
LryJf'MJ t-o rna e sense- on w hac g, 1J'i.C {hf erence br.:il.\ 'feien ~ r:oo1m~1ed
ln}t and i) 1 r an s.~Dt\ Q"~me i$ v.nsh 1ha1 yt,t~.. ::.hould ha'll? 'iPEnt

Volume tJI

more 1lme readtt'IS 1~~hor Lhan p -y;O'JI politi-cs. minding oiha.r

oeople's. buE.in~$ o0r 4::i\aLMg and prarand ng !hat ~01..1 "l<now it art "')
lr you ha\113' no time o 1ead 11'\e COfnment~nes e:sk scmeboctt." t(l
eltol~ln kttlv COflcept:~. to ~u- B1,1' ~~ 1r1 there is no subE"tii U~e 10

readlf19' Ute CM'Ir'n9fflanas sga1n

Read Bar .ex em quesll~ and tha1r suggE'9t-ed .ansv,ers
nroll fOr eaJty re"~.~iew in No~tem bcr 1h1s v.rill re-enforc.e he
DQC'IOOP'S L at )I'OU have ju::.L le;prn..:d rtL ~ou r '"criminal ilew fe \lre'I.V.'"
(It's. SLtpJXl$00 to bEt a reY1aw. but far g;ome fs ;j}l "first ll'iew."

.,

~J~C.I;.~- or CFU~I NAL l~Y/ __c:;lll:ESTIQ.N

tl!:!~~1 190 - 20 0 ~ra
~J

FOB liHc

he 4:JU~tu"'ns ~ked in Crimm I I w are l~i:en om._ ..

Re\ised PEi'nal Code S::lme 1mp ... r1aP1 q ~lc~ as-e also -aken tram
speaal !awt; a
01het s attites Others lriDo1.~~ Qu~lon!l. on oor.lnnes 8~
different sout~ l;&'il like .-.ernechal law.
.....
Ma~cmty cf

Q,

____

r Cit:l'fers. ..,%
J

Sper;iii!II;;JI' !oi
snr:l olher

f'lca&e akeo n~e or lhe coverage or th1r:. year !1. uar e ~a:m . Theorg
co~ b &Oms special law$ ~hil t ~111 bt ;;vjded
the ~ul~ .- cm11!fage,
~hi Ch~n:t ar~ othere. 12'1et wilr net t-e 1nduded. Chec~ .auc me SupremE
t:oul1 w~~lk' th11p:ll~V\V~V.l!!Upreffleo:lUr1 g~ .... ;ph) conoermng tt11s. m3ltet t:-t
-QI?-1 ln!Or rnal~~;:.n l'r-orn yoor l a~v colleg~

1;

!Ute.. 18% ..._

-------

-- Rc,.l6ed
P(:n~l Code,

7{t%
~-+lit fi!""!i If tl'f

r IHI

11

1!!. - ~~ alll l l . ,IJ .

+i!!i

'.. II l HI_.,II IH II 110 ...

"t p-f P!i

iu+fll"'".a-I! . I!I"'J ll.

11

. . . l!il lllil liil llllfl

~h

- _ __._

---

..".
~

B)' ~

Ouno"' ~a'lJmDti:l "!Brnllo ~ iFW'!3tteN

~, l~ffito:n ot

~ !too ~1."
Cl l ltl

..

.i

----

Iiiii

lEX ~ARI'I'8 NOiUS .. 20111 EIIITION

V.ittft t few . . . urwru r lmy 21,;11!11

...

..
.,
."'
......
:

IJN.

11

11.

.a. lil -lf ..

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1

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ll'f'll IIIII . , 1!!1 l U I IIIII IHI 1111. 1 II 11 II

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1 r~-r 1e;-31

i
~ ~ i> 11 P11

1!11 1111 1111 lUI II CI

Q
RAL OBSERVAnO $ 0
UESTIONS II APPUCA 0 OF
1'HE PARETO PRI NC~P F- o N i'HE RCVISEO -p~NAl CO'O(E AS A

:j.

.!:

I'

WHOLE FOR l'HE PAST ~o 'Y eARS;

1 ' Th8' Roe111:wd err~l C-ode- ha'S a at.al -or :367 .art !de !I..
2.) Out 04 3a'7 a~ a Lota Gf 124 art de~ ~A ere asked (about 34 %)
3.)
1'24 ar le$ 1hat were tllB soiJ'-.~ oC bar ques ions for he- pas.e 2.0
>ear:1 ~ff! .~ ed rm a 1c~al -oF 5-58 rtneS

-- -- -

- -

. . . . - . . . ..... ._.

'-'"' ....

--

.... -.

~ t..V h'\ ) 1 1

J.J R<JOk 1,.,r.~1~ 111 ~uh clt.=!::; . ofwhkl' 'lll11't' :~~ .:~rlic:IF-~ wei

::.51-:ed' (~4 %).

2 ) Tht=! ~IJ :JS. tu I:JcJeg. ""'ore ask.l~d 2..::~ 1me-:.

3.) Out o f 22ti I11111'C s. flt..out 'PIS at:::l~ wl3re d~k.:=d t !51 11me-" (80'-% ~
!;. } The- rnc-5~ B~~ .artu~.~ wa:::; {.'In Clllninalllaf"..:thl~ falftl~\'ed rJy con~par~y.

llPS[II\frf' t~ ~ r CUIH!JS l:inC:f!~ . OOI1~ltt. -:::flme~. and !JO an

---
~

'

- - - - - - --- --- -------

to1Bt Qi 253- ar1icJes of which onry 57 Vlf:fe ~ked {3b0ut

34%)
2.) Thest~ 83 ar~ \'!!~ere asked .3Z12tnrles.
~ ) Out -ot ha 33~ times hes al1ide~ J;O,{!rl!t asked 269 fB 1%} \~t!na
frnm onlv 41 rt.ides
4 .} The ~ a~e(1 clime W;il$ on mu~r. ollowed ~~ obbef)l ~1h
'.icleac& against pe s.ans. Estafa, hQn'IICJda and s on.

taken

'ld
11.1

1 ) 'n-ook 2 has

y_~ Jit

15
'.r

5 ;.....

l '.. .... ,,._,. .

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....

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......,......

, ....

r.,o .. -.--.

- - --- ------For t~

[;'(I

----------

np'_.~e f.-:st 81!:15' Lll r .4L 2!.1

GR.AP'Ii 2

;~.n:r.e 2~4

olll,'l[o6'..;

;1.1- 1!' )

!I.

Esw.:t

1- or t"'B' Cilmp't..r~e .r.BJ" .See ~IJ TA.L ;10

C.~f H

As aeel"' fr-om O..aph 1' s~~al penopl lt!WS OOI'I",.Pfi!<B 1d 1i;. nf a~

me

q s11oo!J sked fof Cheo pag.l "0 years. Hr.:n,"B.--er aKe note l h t 1h'= el/efTI/
y-ear the SuPfeme Court 1!1-'!:; I..JI"..Ji. a'l .xl.jer a& to L'!.l'm:::h -speca;tl f:t~ ~ will

- ... ___ ,
( h.apl'et

___

,__......,

m- Cr.rmnaf t.:IW'

___ ----------- -

O::.n& ru~ ltle !Scope Of Lha b ~ ~.Ki!lfll S . s~

soe-cial ~.eflar lalhs r~ fr-eqoer,:ty a.s~ ed

J ~e

\11[81

~0 percell~

as. to

lo\1hiCI'1

~I I

,YoJutrn m

n-vrr.f.\ bd..2o

Mo~f ~If

Artir:.l~s

s.ortoo fiTJm HirJif:C!'!Jt to etwe.$t (1f9D ..

- ---. THii(D~lHti sfi~_C -~ -- -==

~(10' hJt~"

Aft 64

9Xl'NH$)

--- I

j' ..

AU ES FOR TME: AIPFl l~ TION O F

PE:NAt.HcS WHtCH co TAJ
1
REE

1.4

PE~IODS.

Art. 4i

Tbere Ytei-e 117 .articles. lf1 ihe Re1$1:!1r1 Pen311 Code and aDcul .29
:s r.: 1 sl ~11 3:1 Jaws. an oUt.:ar laws. .aM;ed for ~ he- past 18 years.. fl. has b eeD
~o been OOM!Irved tn tt somelimt!fi he e~rniners .;a- aues.fft':v'ls from
c:rirnln.al procedure as: lflere- has- b n atxJIJt 9' ques1K;m taken froro
-cri~runal proced e Hen~ a gOO(~ km:wlie(!o_;.J8 ct crimu'lal procedure ;g
mdi$pcnsab le 1118 ~1ng are liie 1iital "2 (}'!..~ ~ v.flere tttlntion ~U rd be

....

given to.

1. . . . .

Art.. 9 f
"An~ :20
1

.~

Art. 11
Art. '114
Art. 48

I JUS

UYING CI RCU ~ST~NCifS

A
~.G~AVA11
G CIRCOMSTANC S
I

I COMP
EX CAI~ES
M l l1GATJNG CPRCUMS t A

Art. 3
Arrt .3

: :o HNiTIO s

Art.. 12.

l c JRC.IJJMSTANces.

1----.
17

PERSO

'

j 17

'I"J1~ - .
"1

EX~MPT I 9

P~-~C IPAILS

Art. go
Art. 36

Art SJ

A PPLICA f l0 f!J; OF n'S ,PR O VIS~ON S

C RJMI".4A LIABIUfY - E~te~"i hme-.rU

8
A cc e~ oriH .iu'ce th:Q'S.tl wht>; 4R qui!i ce~~
6
C ONSUMMA t D1 f RUSTRA. TED, AND 6
Ai
MPTlEO - ON ItS

j PRESCR-IPTIO N

-----

ANtO

----

to

BE IMPOSeD UPO" --A

--,

i -----

UNDER EIGH1E N YEARS 01"

AGE

-5----r-::...::.;
ALT~--N
-A_TIV
_E CI~CUMSTA CES
0
SVCC .. SSW~ .SEA:1CE Of SENi - -CE

i 0SE011 ON

;,-- --

. - - - 2'

INICJTINO

Ctrvrl (jAB~LiTY OF A PERSO.NG uii_ TY

OF FELONY.
Pefuo-c
OF
PJRevem~v:e 2
IMPRtSONMEN1'
DEDUCTEO
rR.OM
Tlf:.RM Df IMP RI S:0~'-'1 NT
0~

C JRC.UMSTA NCES.
DEUNQUie:NC

lc-s

ATIIENDA.~re.

EFfCT- oF.. r H

MITIGA llNG
)I

oF .2

AOORAVAT~NG

ai\N 1J Of HAellU\Al

.I'
'

-~
-1

PECU tARY.L-1A.SILIHES~ OROER OF

____..:...
P.:..::
A Y E ~..:.T
.;_._ _

t!
.J

~--

I-Art_ 142

oo :

PAR
rrs F fi cT
; SUSPE . S~ON Of= THE
. -----1

-- ..

'Or .N.MINIJY

ACCOMPl~S-

: IFR01.' CIFUMINAL IABtU "'

An-17
At1:. 2
Art. B&
Art 19
Art. G

WABJlllY

ROM 3

SERVICe Or lHIE PENAL f~ES ~N CASE

1 11

\M-n ct"i

x PTH)

.SIJSPEJNSI~ OF THE ExECuficii-J

PENAL TV

CES

AccessnRii s

Art. 79

-T26

fo 'ta-- -

Avt. 4 - CiRIM,NAL -fABil l'liV

- . ....
Art. 8.
coNSP1RA-CY . A:Nio PROPOSAL -.
, COM~2T Fte lq ... Y-

. ~.A i'e-69~ Sec. 2zr

- PER~OD OF P~eSCRJPnO~

- - --ll GR ilhUNcA~

-~~~~~
- Dl DOC'l
t'~-~Jt.L.'JU
co[)>E
BooK..~. ~-1
-
- ~ 1 .E
~~i~~81S
.l

~N WHAT-C-A-$1:
- S- THE OA - PENAl J'Y 4
, SHAL..L NO B!; ~M1POSEO . ~ A ll n-ded by

___ ______ _
,

-'

~~~

1- ~ri 3,~
I

A11- 40

SUBSI:OIAR

PENAIL1Y

PAMO~- . I

. -

COI\t~UTATION

1. - - - 1
.. ~-F

~f:t. Pw~to_ t19/ft.S - 2014 Etllfon -- . --- ...

.I

....

Art.

1AB

~-Art.
:....::....--+-00
-AlifiEil) lliEFT
!.. - '910
:

Ar ...

247

'

- - __ j

-~V......
o(ume

lti

Le~ Pil'f13fo

- Art
21 1
Art -

l iNOWU:C 't iiR~BERY

208

.'

Art.

'

2 ~2

rI

I.
i

'J
:I

:-C-CmRUPT10N
I

A ND TOl RA NCE

Art

t LESS SE IOUSPHYS ICAL INJURIES --. ~ 3 ... _______ 1

Art.
21313
Afi.
J.J J

~Na. .~ . l i oR co SENT~NG--o ~-3

P:VASIO .

''

: G RA1J

'I

334

15

--
---l :j.

DE JVc RY OF Pl-1l~SON
I

. ----:J

I::R FRO rl!, JA~L .

. _ . _..

.....

I .
.'
'3"""""
-:'
i
I

Art. coJ\I<::ui:nNAGE

156
A

.. .. -

- -~

:3
. __ L

RES'S A C~ A 0 OIS,OBE OJENCE TO A : 2

P e;:RSO tN AU HO ~l 'fY OR
E AG:ENTS

----t

'

A C.
166

Art
1$2

~L.L.. EGAL POSS s~u o

AND use -"df . 2
F' AlS E TREA SIJ~Y OR B AN NO ~S A NO
Oil iER INS f RU ME r & OF CREDH
: ....
A.LSe TES i IMONY ~N CIV~L CASES
'I

- - - - - .......

-----. ...'

..
..

O F SU CH PC.R:SON

I.

i:

'I

--'

CO~ RC.ONS

+-

. ili0 A . GUil TY OF AOU LT~RY

Art.

..

Of POBUC Of f iC.I.i\lS' ... - 3

..~.-"1

..

......_.

rco .

I. 266

EGIUG~NC

-- -oT- --- OFFENSES: 3

./J:rt

L_ ~-2J

tI

CONVER SAn o~

1 Pi-ri5$ecuin oN

. - -- .... 1.2

CGuP___O'ETAT~ . t-H:iw -CON ITTED- ~.S- 3

i~i\ _ la~...:.~ll ArL 134)
Art
PERSONS 1N A
~tJ""'=t::-:-H--::0--=RfTV ANO AGE:Nt S Of' 3
152
P R50NS IN A U THlOf'(IJTYi WH O SHAll
I
.
0~~
D AS SOCH.
~
:
"Art_- SL~GHT
PH $ ICA L
~ URIE:S
AND. 3 ~:
266
..tAL..TREA lMIENl'
I
At1. i}r;iS- oRAl!.. .- oFi"AMA ~haN - A ND - CRIMiNAl+-3
- :---

Art.

N'ote:;. - 20 ~4 E.::fli,iw2._ --- .. __ --- _

__

._....;,;,__

~~{~

Ch~tpJer UfL Crimrn.s-J 1aw

217

I... 125
I

Al1

135
A rt.
. 139
Art
HiO

Art.
201
Art.

PENALTV
.NSUR_REC

Art..

220

Art.
:22S

Ail--

FOR .

RE8:

j .:

: Art_
'

-:

WON; 1 . .

I~._. 0~ COOP O'El" A~--_

$EOI 0 . ~ HO'!J!.I COMI\!!ITIED

Al!1.

$)4

or

[" i;;OMIIIIIS$10
6 .. A
tiff( CRIME
; OUR NGi $ RVICE {)F PEI'iAl TY 11POISF;O
: FOR A OiliER OFF NS i P ENAl..TY.

, FA LSe TESllMONi FAVOOA

DEFENOANTS

-(itocrRit4e~.

IM ORAL

~-1

ro1 -

~-~~~Lie

Art.
31 fl

. -. -- -

F U pS -- --

. RE OVAL.. CONC AI MENT 0~

I DESTrRUC T~O N OF oocu
ENi$
I

.
j MAL 'rl~eATF'j ENt Of PRI SON~RS

--~

Art.

:241

DEATH

0~

~NFUC TE: IJ

PH" StCAl
~JINOIER

C IIRCUMSTA NeE$
; liN .ANTICIDi ---.
'

344

-~ ~

C.tim rn.~ Ia~.

f ii:CUliON -OF -OE:EDS BV MeANS 0

V\1Q'LINCE OR I JMtoATION

oT11E!R ro-RMs.a~ swrNou

. - --- . I . ----- --

:Art. 359

or

ttR

oecers ------

G"

- -

'!

-+--,--

-----4---

AOSi-cutroN

THI CRI ~ ES of :-; . OULTERY, C,ONCI!)Eii1NAGe. SEDUCTIO N,

ABO U CllON ~
RA !'elf: A NO A CTS OF
0~

-- ...

!LASCtVIOUS ESS.

I. ~ E:GJliMATE C H~lD

~ SLA NDER efv

oee.n-- --

'I 1

----- ---. --

. -

a.J RJE;PUat.IC ACl S

(

Chapter ill-

POSSESSION Of PrCKLOCKS M SliMilAJf 1

TOOLS

--~-=S=-I..:..::
M~
U::..:..:
LaA hb - OBiffJ'MIS. St JESllTU f tO ..
347
OF tONE CHilO f OR A OTHER A 0
CONC ALM ENT OR ABA 0 0
E T OF A

-J---

1 --

A
- r t .

Nj - R ilES
EXCEP l i ~AI...

. - - -.

3A::....
3 -1---

.' Art.

-~

-, --

DEFI rr~oNOi="""A

'

--~

Art 3J.7 _:._OUAUFLED S_-E I)UC11

..:..::..=.
cm
.:..:
. _ _
-_-_--_- Art . CONSE TeO ABD-'UC ,.ION

oBsceNE"f"i___

wr-io AR.E usuc OFFiCERS

,1

1 - 3.16:...--J--

PUBUCA TI01-IIS AND E:XHIIB tr tO.NS A ' D J

IN DEc NT SHOWS

Il l EGAl USE

. - - i

23i.
I

29G

~Ol

E PROPE~ j Ul:W~11Al

PE 1-J. SuNS TO
AU C HOR HI~S

-----

{Arranged .ecw-..lt1u'fl ta the number of trme.s: 8$li<KJ .f wrn Mgt~S!W fawa$1)

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AN 0
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f Q;A
~lLEGAL..
UMBERS
GAMES. i
1
AME Dl G CI;FffAJN PROVISJO S Of
PR~$10 NTI!Al O!;C~ e-e NO. 1 610~ 1 ANO !
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A.HAcT
nN-G rH___e......,
~ss
--,. uA E
USE OF AoC~S OEV~CE5 1 PAOI'-11E! Il~NG
FRA IJOULENfT
ACTS
C. OI\UI1.ITEO

Rl;lA11VE

---

:)

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-~: ACT .[}ECLARI- G FORFEilURE OFILL-2 __ .. __

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~ -AWi-rCAIRNA~iiNG LAW
i

; IR_A

.83~
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oP rH~

. I~VES T tGA NG OFFICERS A D

PI!WVUltNG, PiG;NAlT IE$, f-OR V tOLA TIONS

AN ACl IJEfllN!NG l'HE CR:IME OP MD NIEY ~

L.AUNO Rlt.1G 1 PROVIIOlNG PENAi iiE:S
: Tlil ~ O~ A. D FOR OTHER P URPOSES

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~~:'G t ~
~Q~fC IAlS

PUNlSHAeL-

FOR --

---

PUowc ;4 ---

A D eMP11-0 Yf S l O RECEW"'

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ANO fOR f RI AlE PE SONS T O GIVE:, ,... -: . . j

ON A N'Y OCCASION. INGL..UOI'NG .
I
' CHRISTMAS
i
: AINH-PIRACY ANO :Ji,N !..:HIGHWAY
.. 2--- :
ROa&J~RY LAW Of 1S 4
;
F1SHERIES DECIR . ~-1~ii5 r 1 -----.

G lf.i S

: P.O.
532
, P.O.

:1;!~ .::W::~:G LAH: PENALTY "OR : ~~~)11.: -1f6.S9

. P.O.

: FORMS Of SWINDLING. OR ESTAFA.

~ fl NA. IZING
68si RUCTIO
0~ : 1
..
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I
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-+~-- _.. ___ ..

Q ES--0 S THAT SHOULD HAVEsEIEN- M Kii'D rN r 9

ReMeDIAl tAW BUT AS!KW J CRiMINAL LAW

I: EXAIM
-

- - - - - - -

- - -

.
..AN ACT AME IJI G AR 1'1 ClE 152 OF THE ,. 1

I BP

IR ~VI SED i?E~;J~Al. COD- IBY CONS~DERING

I 87.3
I

; lAWYERS AS P R$0NS IN A U1HORI1Y

: WH N ' lH~ PERfORMA.NCE OF THEfR :

ICode
srn ~

OUl.ES OR ON.Tt'.e QCC_A.~C?N_ THiiiRcCf"'

. __ ....

ARTICl E 40

...,r

.
I

..

Labor
1 oode
1
I

~ ey- Diu: Ovt<r

.! ..,Sik~~
L~:;w.~~ -

Chapler m-

c.~rnJJJ~

trm

-.. ----- ..---'----

roo~ DJJ~mlfll' llQ- Gula ~ 1Jy . ~

~. lerpa111t011otan.zd z:.Cort'l
~ 1.: "',h-11 ~"'l.;.,.i;l

_ ___ .... -----

.
i

Mllil!lUIP;(11:Q Btlrllkl Fa

-:;

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frf

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ln. ~:Jnf 1Dnn w.llh~l ~IIJISI Qn rtt.: ~hi'! IIU~IJftl

ms. pubA!t;

1
'1

C ~ On ilER lAWS

r'

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Hl -- F--R'E U
E:NTLY ASKED
--------..

ART~ClES ~N THE

Together wit oommQilll)' kl"'ow" doctlinl!s

basis f or tbteit &t1s.wers

. - ------..

BAR EXAIMS

4. \/Yhile beil'} puhlk:; officers or ernployees.o

'Should C0011l1i ~ an offense in the e.l(e:iss of !
iheir fu&''iOfiS.; o r

nat oould be Ule

! 5 Sl'loul oornmrt ~my of ~h&

(;(imeE. against
n~IC4"'1a l ~nty and
l.a\v l)f :n at~ ne. , de-finad
iii "rltle One- of Bom;. T-wo Of fils Code.

-REVISED PENAl CODE

BO...._OK1
-.

---f--'--.;..._._~_.__

Ye~f

DOCTRI NE
-

t.
I

.. -

- .. - ..
PREl..U~t!NAR Y -fmt.
-

DAn:

OF EFFEc IV!::NESS AN D

'OU"t!!i-

toon .If

- ~~d

A PPUCA IO NJ

Or l H PROVISIONS OF THIS C ~_!__,,

I
APPUCATION OF"-iTS P~OVI:S.JONS
I

-~

rngi:M.~ed 1n P aftBma tiD"! not be tried 1n.

the Pnllipp:tne::, but ill P3flama.

LY

1994

0\et

--__ .. ~

E XCt:'P TIO N

P1'! ~1ppi.fte

j2

Qrl

!ll"1ip cr sirsh1p

Shollld crye o r

rour'lter'f~1 .::m~

b~

$hr:)Uid
li;pt.le fo! acts t:CflriEIClt::d Wllh. lt)c i
. ,,,lfn(l~~l[)n 1nt11 1~!ie 1~nds o4 1he <:~bhg~~ on~
! .~nt1 ~c:u n 1ie! rnent1cned in Lha ~r~~ :

Gnap:er UJ - Cnm.111al frn..,

--~---'

DEFINITIONS

r-- ~
I rl

.com ar I'
cu~n~ note 01 ~he- PhlhJ,.pme Islands or
obhga11ons a nd 5eeuntles l!i.'Sued by 4he !
1Go~rn...n.ent o1 the Philippine Island:;;

!l

2000

;q

TLE ONE:
fEl.O ,.m:s A 0 CIRC Y~S A.NeiES
_W~~ICii ArfEC! q~:IM~_NAl U~~~J !:f

XU- 1
Al't

1. Stla~ comrni, an offe- n~ ol..t.ile

12.008

Pn.lipp!I>B Court. 1\a'/<1 no j u m;d ictn'>ll

1 1/1~
crime rommiUoo ou!s.Oe of
2006 1 VI
hlllppinetemcory __ . - - - - - - -- 2003 . VII b

1 Nol<r

PENAL. t.A WS AIR~ NFORCABlE 0

W1T II P~i L. IIP PINE TE ~ RnORY

C:mne corntniUed onboaro a ship In h ~gh

~ ~ tl't~t i!J. owned by 3 Filipin[} but

con.cepl

MALA
Th~JtSeo

ae.&

~~- SE

Pfl~:B!TA

-,:

where Thooe o.-.n8rn aCL$

or are penal le4 not

~~
21JOl

1 ~001

j 199Q

bscause 1t1eo~~ "re

G1lfl (If vw~rQng but
~7
1
1 prom 11.00 b~ \8\\1 1
tr~ .nherent~/ fOr G)J,.Ibhc good. 1j
1
. .._ _e\111 Qr wrong . ~el r?Jr_e " r interest ..JI

legal - Gc;.;)lj f~i h or - Gol)d talth m :

p lic.a = lact
of lac
o( erlmmal :
1 on~:;
: tn~niill in.1eot mtenl l!ii NOT a.
. ___ _ill; a. et~ns;~ . _de noo_ ~~
()mis-siOns ar-e
. perta lll f!d
bee~ ..~ 1hey

I 1~1
i I.. !;J
I
Vll-b
IV-a
I

t.e.1c Ptrf(t'/Q f;otes

T~

CrimiMI - Cf 11-nal ll~tlilil;y ~

li.aLiiL1V
t ncufr~ d
in 1
incurred
m COr'ISollitlrTl~ted
al:temp\Ed,
~h) e ofrustrs.'l.ed ~nd . MiigallnQ .sr.d
c.onsummal!ed ~g .ertJ;eting
nol

~age:;

j1 _

a~irab la

ppllc ble - -.J

~fl~

"l" - . --- 6;f6TIIVE .. -

p.j"~-e m8d

2004

Pur-pos.e fOl IJS.ing a" Ttie moiJing1996

. 9flr11t::l.ll~u mearu to 1m I~ a PeiSC":() 1a .ac:
! : .aet)leve
a
fe r a
1 resul1
1
An ~gredlent o{ ~~OL c-on::.ida<~ ~~ ~(I
(Jakl C4" m lice thus 'EIIan181lt Of l:t"H; ~ rti'Y'Ie ,
It 1S ::Ji'l element of on~ r::onsidefed VAhen !
deli~rat.e feloo1as.
the .Oe1)CJt) cf 'the- .
......__________ ._ t"lfft!!nd~[ .'JS; ,.... ~ou_bc.

de-~ire<:l I

d~tJir'tt.e- resul~-~

tJ..foei ... e i.s not ~o:.

lha 1'999
acc:ua _
hi:Jwel(lr, i ~ ...,;1~ become
rala.. sfrt to a ~ Wl'lel'l the irlenti1y of
the offender i~ in douD or Y'hef'l the act I
COI'llmrt1Bd ive$ n$e- 1o variant <:.rii"J1B::.
a ndl ~re is .a f'let:!'Q 1o- detemf
whioo
aime $h01JicJ be property" im puted to ~

ottenoor.
Ctra~(lr'

Ul - Crlmmei taw

1U/98

V~..1tlfl

1-d

'
il.um.

lns1Bnoos
Yhe~ein
me e is no4 2:006
eBEi.'Brtu or 100~ red to justtfy cml\licfien
of all Clc.e.use\"1.
ot .a ccnpreh
e,

.) V'tllsn. t re i$ a !flltf'le'S!3; posi1Nel~

id 1Y111ylnQJ ~he BCCLI~e-cf ;
2.) In COfl'lfl11s~ n of ~ mala p~ hl~
In ~1\lr-e~
3.) In cr1m~ ccmrnilt. d throogh redtiless
rude nee.

X.-4
1-e
Art. I

c RIM~N AL LIABiliTY

2000
1 2JJ04
. 2001

Crimina l i.a DII~y ts. incurred oy;

2001
Any .parae comml ' ng e fe lon:~
- Although he wrt~
I act (Jone be
1999
di erent ft-cm 1h3t IJ\Ihl.d'l he ended.
1997
- Tl1e act done rmJst be th.e d1red. netu
$nd logical cona81~ence m too 'tW S
1 9~6
otferrdc:Jr"s teiONOUB act. (~ - Par 1}
199'4

rssg;

w .;.on11~

may

tw~

""iNTENT

b
~- teo:J witnout
intent in. tha following U"! nt:'~

cr1rne

,~ I
is a tulpub4e fe.:ony
b.) I crime5 tl'!al are malum pro

t1ng UNLESS special

: and
adopted
1 l s~o~
, A~~ra'fwla~lt"1 g
s.chBme .or ~:oGa lll 1
e1rcwrnS"Wnoes. of penalues undet !

_..1

2.0f 4_~f(Jjti(lt) . _ _ _ . _______

-tllml ~l

i~

lV-b

No-m: A t1 1f"t"'in~ ~ thought ~ ill mere taon, 200B

oo matter hO'N lmm01al 'O r improper it m y be-,
mw t ~ ' u e to a felOn~.

I (People

\f$. Arpa, 2.7 SGR.A 1 (1.37)

aopl& Y$. Vald~ 4 1 Ph1l 497)
Valdez. ~ Phil. 4 97}

((li .S
I

Vb
I~...A

II
~I

V-b
~I

-a.
0{

V-a

-- ----

i 1988'
(Penpre ~~.
,I

PIA!)ay a4 aC G.R- o 14324,

NO\! ' ~ -~~

IMPOSSiaLE CR'IME

impoeaibl~

An

r:rhM js. c..ommiUad l:fy al)y

porsan_

performs an ~ Ll' f \'Ould be

nsa sgajns.t pe~on or oropllfl;. .

1 l V'lho

Bl'l

ife. .acoomplishmet'ft is in~entty

. _mposs1ble or ti1e m~s. etn;t;lloyad is either
tn~quate o r ineectual
3. )The a~t pariunned ~:.hou~ n01 cons u' a
vDc::!la iutl
a.nothar pr~ision tn tne ~a'li~dl
Pe~l COt.le
t1. )The ac:1r'I"J1~st be done- with elll mten~

2 ) I hat.

2(}()t

IV.

2003
~004

Vlr.b

2000

XV11-

uma

Xl'\.i-1
XVII-d
, Xll-b

~000
~993

impc:ssi~Je

t:rill'J& is n?ally ilOt ~ crim6. 201)0

i'iowe-ver, 1t glles 11se ,. c:.riminaJ r::tbili~/. bv t
actua.lfy n.o felony Is c.or:..n;Jtsd". The accuS!!d l$ 1
just punished for t.is crimin~l ropensity.
_ 1s not ~rged if :the act
oommiha-d ~10u
constft\rte any 01hev <:time
; u n~r 1t-e Re,ri'.ied Penal Cede-

An 1r'npOss1

' [Of specia

m-ention

impcaaibfe crin is . eo
~ cf 'nocr vs Court {If 1-.ppeals 21s SCR.A
11n

.?21

There jg oo tm OS$1bht crime 'o l:iQmm 1t

idflappmg since, kldr~.PPtng is a cnme ~Q~ins.t
P-ersona secwif.}! 11CJ~ of Pt::fSQns {lr property

___ ----- - - - -

--~ Mod iiad-C~noopt of an irn t>Beiblc erlm" -- f.1il>M

llr.e

pre~llng vii!'W was tha1 tho pf(llr.lle.ton ~ of

tile- R~ Pena! Coda 011 pos.slbte ori1m:
~ ooly .appt;. l.f the Yrongtu ae1. dooo could
n~ ~J,C

~n

fa4ony Hrnrever
CA.. um ~ongl'ull &C15

ci)M.(itut:ed aootl'ler

. en.ae of lntod

't'&.

ttnne taU$ed lhe dewucoon of 'the house of

intended Ylctim. This ~tltutes .a~rnhs J
crin~ pum&hatile undor ' he R~ised Pena1
COd. e. The Supr13 m~ Court's ruting lis. t-o be
aoeotded ratSped v.. h reg s to thft."5 ma1trar

- .An

~x_par~a ~'~lqt~.~ ~QJ4 E@L

X\lU-t. '

A SERRA TIO ICTUS - ''Mist-: ke in tfte bl~1 - 1999

T~ occurll Ylh.en '!he ofender d.tlh!fer'S. a bi(IIJ.I 1996
-at his int9i'\ded vi~t'lrn but n~ed and tn'St~ad 1 1994
such bl.o'*' ~ended on an unintGI'J(Ied 'l'ie1.tm. 9~
Gen~lly U1i3 brings about ,he- fir~t type ~f

ccmp x crime.

Known M s ccrnpaund CfiA',.t;::t.

(A sit"gle- act prodoon two 'Or more gra'l'e o

Letss grave felon~l

I_.

~N

~aka

ERROR
PERSONAE - ""
ill Identity"
This oceu~ wh
the offender tnou_g~ h3!1
h ~u
hi
tended
lrn, lJl rt
nt.d
eu that U)e p~ hit was. ~mothur person T~
t;: rimi~
!!}~ Is_ t!ILtr1e :toJ , 1~ -- es.J . ~f
the i.d:Q{ . gl nu~-_y-~imL.. !,J_OO&ti i;)~ _cg_urse. J.~

Jn identtt~ ~~e1 !G.a C!Kll_8 oltf~.IJ~

~haT
t ~ _ ~f"!d ~r ..~1n
_int6ndep _~t!
~ralt in'1Ml ca&t: tn.e mime with l he l.e:ssEu
P llY (botween tht:t ln~d cnrtte ~ =t"1e
crime cornmltte<;i) w'll b~ the- baD'S of
pgn&ny. impooie.d i9o maximum pBriod

XII.,;.

I /
1

ms -

rrrista~

I-.a
IJ- 1

I
I

fM - 2014 Cr.Hfion

!2.) E._ustral~- 't\l'hC}(I

cffond perlormi ~II 1994

.s cts of e xe rulro n wt;- vro uIdl p roda .ll..."'e tne ., 9~
l folo~ M
s c.onwqu ~ bu~ which 2009
1'h 1Gfihelsssl do not prodUG& it by r.e;ii$On of 1
~ $&$ ~epefl de:nt .o
tM will cl the

XX

- Enut In 1)8r.sooae does r.ot

xlingui~ criminal

liability
(People

P opte

1/.S_

Oannrg

VB

-c.

~s

IS~} ~ttcm.pled Wheo"; offen~r oornrnences. fhe

j <:ommi$Sion o-f {! feln~ directly b'j O"IE!rt acts.

II ~lA d~s. nCI'I perform all ad& of e::cacuJor,
vJtJich ~uld Jrod uce the felon)' b)' ra-ason of
1 some cause or aO'"'.JOOnt o1h r man his ~i'l

~~-

ble fOf the narural and

a! 1.2008 i. IP...e
coa$e"~uQ:.rlce of his aC'I.sl a hough he r n
W)j : t = lh~ 1 sulls 11:1 diffefent from that "'l"'1eh he

Note Car1os

II

srA~s.s oF ExEcunoN:

11.)Con"'-""'Mted- All U>e

neo:~

man
y
1 for l he e)l~lio n and .ecoorn"Ptshmen1 of the
t:rime are

, sp:::mmnoous dssr::.tanoo. { No roortal

present

I
I

---~

{'IF

f ...1

y.ound)
Itt for~ l crlme!t

-s..ldl

.aB coup dle4s 200:5

fruslrnlad ~ages .
11e :Supren1e Court bile. a lso held ha th 1o
1 cao be no frl.lStr;jl erl
CON:SPIRACV ANO P ROfO'O $,\L TO COM MIT 2QaJ5
FELONY
: 2003
OTE

inten~e(J

Art - C014SU .MATED,

FRUSTRA-EO~-- AMD
ij
; A. TT1MPTED F L.ONIES

a5WOI.II"td)

Wflh int.enl -a- gain i'tbout thEt ~$ ~ 199B

coruile111 con~umms~ee ~ cr;me of ~h~. (ThEt :
=sst !hare 1n order t-o detm-fllin~ m .
COO!$U."l'lma1JO" of he crune of theft is if tha- .
o~ncfe.r haa "' compl~ oontroi" Of L inQ) Jt ~
~a net ne cas s.ary tnat 1.hb off nd r car lies
or approprisia:s 1tte pti:)pet"l~ ~ ~~ (IJ~ S Y$.
Adisol 38 PNI 7541

PRAETER
INTt::NTION&A
"The
consequence weru bey-ond th~n vlha is
i~tel'liJed"' - Thra oo::urs. when1h ere i~ a fiagr:ll'!!
Q.IE.f!~r1~ bei\vaen he mrQ.ans e l"f\P.Io~oo ir.t
prod~ t.h~ fe_IQQV ffon'~ iha ~ufl,ing
lon,y.
~ n "Other wor& 1he .r.e$1,Jitrng fe lorr~t' c~t.Jid not
have beer~ fcregeen by the cftendBr
' ecm:sidering lhe mean::. empP~:) ~~d by h.im This
; 1$ eons.rd&-ed as a mrtigatrng drcumstance
i 1,1na r Art 13. P~r . 3 .

~th~;~r

... Mlslak.e of f~ ct ~YSvar. ab$OI'Jes a person

frCfl'l &:: iminal l.iabl
(U.S ,19.. Ah Choog.
1

i
~ -or per!Jon81 pr-operty beklnging IG ! 2000

~rntor {r~r1 al or

Og

Femaildo)

XVU.-c

thtre

a,, oo

anemp~ !)r

'

VII
Ill

2003

lVfl
GE ~AL R:U LE In conspirBC"/1 he act ol one I 2003 VI
XVI
1 iiS trw ~ of all
hetefore he crime charged to j1
'998
I
IJI
. one ie chargea lo ell in~r.~alved.
. 1997
I

.,

...

.--r
j

- --

---~ 1 900

fi~ , -

11900

EXCEPTIONS:

\lt.. 1

!1994 .

1.) It an
of L~ co-coo$ptJafor WTJt.:Wj
~t a et' e not a-greed UJXll'l1 he
o'tner oo-oonSpira ors are riOt II bfe.
This I$ ;~man a crime agre
upon
11e crime IX!mi'DA~ by <Jnao ol Ule I'
c~i kln~ rfl di~;ttlrd crimt~e. . 4

1199'3

FX-1
, VJ-a
XU-I')
J.X-a

1'992
1991
15100

,; 2.) If he ~nred up, he tfied 1c.

: oommisaioo ot tl'l't"! ~rima-

l-b

1- Conspiracy m"' y be express. or implied. ~TI"lrt 1 Hl96

IBiiter is ss~ansioed
ct:lfiSplrato, S.)

bv thtl acts ot the other co

~ ar

mcru cerE--Ons p~r11eii);3Jtir'lg in the

' oo~s~on ' of a u1me ?~r~ c.otier::li .... aly

l rae.pons tJ.JG
I
.

"11~ -8

~ht:I"Wis~

pl"m'11J6d as

I
I
I

I
I

I
!
;.

. - A pi31So.n c.sn onl~ be axer(lpted fro'1'1 ~he I ~9R 1 Vl~l-1

ron$pirac.y ~U ss.
statF.:u abo.~ .1 whe...-..:

i3111d are
~ althou9h U'le.-'!11 RliiY not:
I CQIIi m ~ a;axt t;. nrt1 e
1 pr_q~~ided ~1. - t_he')' d
1c ur poi~ .cr . ~c "e1

- C9f'!$pirac.y .an.c! P,fOpqs.al to . CQrnrn ~ (rtrry~

its o-tt.ia oot !:! C:time Uri6sss e pres!lly prollld!<::1
f(ll' in lhe lew. A canspira Of mus.. r..erfOJltl a~
G"Jeri ad pura1,1 'ILto 1fle c.o.n~racy In order Co.
he hable.

:1

pre\ en the

Oeflnlhtm. lrnphed c~i r~ct me-ans hs~ twa

I
I

Ceft.ISIPIRACY - JM~If:O

consttira.or sh~ be p unished as.

acc:om~ only. rt'lfJ' reason f.y U'11s t.:s
~hat, ~one I ltJw:s ah.'!.1 ~ fS f.a..,.cr a mtlde.r 1
"orm 01 taspoosib1li1)' IJ.iJOO a11- oftent1er. ;
fPe-o pSe v-s Niea.31)
.

- ConapkSCJ1 c fli'!Ot ~xist in a tree-iOf-all_br vi

01 a tr.m
ous. ~ra:;.
nee aa.ch actor IS. only
~ bl klr his. c:mn 8Ct (SitOrl \IS. CA)

o,. e~tdltdes .instern:e$ ..mere .a I

cer. celt CftrTle is committed}
2 } tf a oo-coospi:r tot merelv roo orated in
'the cammi&SfOfl of he- crune with
tl'I!J.)gnific:atrt or mlntma acts. eucn that
e.te-1'1 with~ his C:.OOpe~Tatron tfte cnme
C() Uld be CCJrrieQ out. WQ", !IV{; h DO
e;.;csp.~

t .) S pen:. on '~JhO di<J ttOt ap~.: r is.

preS.i.llned
to h-:i\le des.i~,e4. (Ex~ep1ion: If
1
per~ "'.mo appea:rad is the m~t rrrufld)

vu 1

' 9Q5

- r - - - - - --------- .

, .....
-

li.3Die ,a$ con:spira=ors

ha:-.e- ant a~ re et~!"!L l"J

monstr.at1: a .cc..'flr'r'IM
.t"nd UI}ISy oi cr:mi!Jf!

i "!tent.

lmpliGd ron~plracy can t:,"t} infurr~d or

dedt.Jced tf U'ta- persoos v.'i"lo comn11~ !he i
crime aet.OO in conoert !ioimt,JI,ftneousty, !
in.dic.a e of the- rr.:&e~ing of mmds.
g t:YI Ob.tectNe.

ow~r(t

common

-The legat effects o1 impl ied conspiracy-: ~Sam~

M e:u:ur.poon a~ !rbted
o....e)

. I
:I NotCJ

. 1mph

I:Da dl.fferen~ t:-et'P'J

1'1

~l"l!t!S& and

!JCnap~r~ ~e;y

I_

_.:~

: -

.-.;rr-.~

.-- --,-----~lur~l~t::'
... - ~XP~tiss -. .. . .
CON'5P1R:ACY

.-,.I

~MPUEO

CONSP~RACY

-E'I.!eJYt<)' is. !iable ftv Th~e ~ h~ 'ii~

sa Jong- as they -dooe 1he <C/11l 1 ad
oonspired to rommit: itseif lilre' not lit~
"the crime- ( >:capt if n: ;
falls
uf:der
the j
tron
...____L....----L--.. -

._..L. - - - - - -

Net~: ~~ vouching IJhe honae;ty Qr c:h ractM

-m -s.~t:s canno! m o:e a PefSOI' .a ~
oonetpi~or bfe m ust ~~ the preaum~lon o f

2008

XI

.=

innoc.ente,

CHAPlERTWo
JUSllf"l1NG cmRCUMSTAl'te

ANO C IIRCU~STANCE S WH.IC :E:XEYPT

fROFl{ CIRIMfrNAl UAE!IliTV
: Ar1, _._..,
J..,..,
U..,.,.
S.,.,.
11..,..
rY
....::....;:
JN:G
~'ciRC.UMST ANCES- - - - - - -

I- - - + - - - I

'!11

Par. 1 SCLr Oe fe-N SE

(Includes r .g~ to lifrs, honer, end prop rty .

riijhta)
ReQUISITES ~

2.}

Re~s.ona:bls

nec~~il\1

2il03

:2"00"
of t1"t:e mesne; 006

oemployed ~ prevent or ~I it
3.) La~ of S;Ufficil!tnt~ provoca1ion
:11'1 perron defending h:smsatf
"'Sufficianr

't9"QS

on ~ part of 1000

means It must be ~;~~wate

ancl i1 muM bet immediate.

(:PtOporlions~e-)

11

. Olffovcm~ t

XV-B

.200!5

.~ 1.) Un16~Y I .:tggressioo

. - A matried 'M':'Af1
~nn~ claim '"-detsnset of :2:000
~ hCK'J.Ot' ln. Ill c.t~se- where :!Jhe WBS elm.md~
[;) 1 900
j whflrl ~ rctt h till m was. reed)~ M ep of
~~~ . Site did n ~ mind. tl:l.
1n.at It 'N~S h~
hU~SboFld After 1he 5e.XUBI ~ct. sha reattZed thet 1
tMe- m~ \ \i'.BB. noo her husband :1o0 ~ killed lhe ,
Si!ld' ffial'l. Oefeme of honOf r(l c:arnlQ'I apply
beeeu sa 1ha u nl a~,If ul .a gg te 9$1 eon hag al!"e'ady
ceased. 8ha wm h~Yf/'Q\~~r ~e- en=rtle-d -[} 1he
m rug.ating GiicJJ mstance of virldi cation of .a
g ra'o'B aif t'IMI. (Aft. 13. Par. :5)

1900

Vlll-8

II
XV-A
VI-a

:<.I-A
I V- ~

ry.p

J~~~llyl~:~g

and

am~U rt:g 2002

t':illrCIJ:tn s l'lif!'A 131

~=
s,
=~=
FY
=1.;:;.G --.---=u~ri~Tit4G

I ~ffect: 1ha . act

't;V

oot

~t- A~ect$ the at-'Dr

~
tna ac1nr
he act
The
aOl
is
i.et i~ ~rongful bui
oon~id~d to be :
&Ctor i:9. n::.t lisb\a
dorte
within
thtt be<:ause of ~13' ladl; of
bQunds of Ullll la~w, it the..
~lsf!1sn
t~ore '-'oiLU'11afines!o
legi imek! and lavl.rr.JI
.. .

.J~h!H>y<)$ ot the 1
L1\t{] _E~im!n.~ l

__

---

of
I

No 'CtMlinal li~b~ but !

..-.

I 1 !-1~11c-rai1~--

(J<.l

.;:;i'l'il '!.":1\llf liabilil)' 1$

I;-~~~~Jili~:r.~s irv.:\!trf;!p_l_____

incurred~ - -~ ..~

----- _ _ .''

Par. 2 - ll~ FEr1SE OF RE LATIVeS

{Nu dirad b ar QI.I!Mitioo an h1s subj~t}

liPa . J

~0'1 4

Notes
Ed: oo
-Le'i PF!tefa
. - ---.
- ------- .. - --.
r - ; ~Ltt~.~~~:- ~- oo;~:~~in~-:; ,;:.~~:~ ~:-r;l

- DErE N.S E OF $I RANGER::

2000

\!1-a

,..
I
.
1

Pa r. -t - A'11-0JOMCE OF A Gl.RE$1. TER EIJil.

Of;. INJ URY

tS ate of~

'

! pet.son avazling oi svcll

rN ote.

N-ecese.~t

musl l'liJl be cause

!IRequ islteEI:
l1) Th tite:.: the-t'si -e,..~,
.
~C:hudty

.... r::e~sit:y)"'
by ~he .
1

I
::iiou g ht

ibs avo1Cf&d

I 2..

ThEU
inj u I')' r~iilred be gro;~ter t l'l ~
th-at d onE t o. ~,,- ojd Jt:
l . ~ iflla t th~ be J'tcO OthK IPr.actl~~; 11 and les$

ha

~f mee.n of p B'o'e<t1Ling it

- Th e~e ~ nu cr111t lial;) lh'~' 1n tnts case

EXCE PTION . When theft:- i$. artOtt..er r rsoo
~ha bert~Jfi ed

i -Vtfi'l~ the at;Cll~ was. nO( ;;~.~~il"lg any e~a~il,

:2'U G4 X:l

I ne

cannot invoke :the ju f.lrflji l l ~ c;tcums~ ai"'Ce I 1'996

1 oS 3V'Oidance ~! 3 g rgater P\lir or llliiJtV.
;

)
1. J l'horn must be an
lavdul agg f~ on
2.) R.aas.onablf!l nece&$1ty Of the m~.tans
empkl~ed loO p-revent or C-ApGal
3 ..1 TJ~ p eraoo ctetnding FS n~ mduced bv
1even~.
re.se.nlment or ~h er evll
mo'li.e

i ) under Ph1hr1Pif'l8 law!l-.

1 I ;::'

! Par. 6 -

J\/r1

f UlF.lLMENT OF A OtliTY OR THE

: lAWf! 'f.. EXERCI$

I RIG11T!

OF A 0

I=~C

OR A

I .RGqUIBft~ .
I

.!

1 ) That the accused .;tc\.ed in performance

c.( a du y or in 1he 1~w1' 1~l axeoraae ot
ri Qht Of C'l ffrc 13
2.) That ~he 1njury call'!t~ co~ the 'Cffe.rlse 1
t:.()l"f.l'7111'f'ct is u na\l~al:lre or :-s ~he
1
1
4'1Ecs:=.~l) r:.onsequei'lre of the due :
i
.1
psrforman(':e of dl.ll.:,' or t.r(l' l:a!l'tifu~
1
1

P.:xet~a o sa~ 1'1g~.t or off~ (Pt:QPII'.l' .

'r.'S._Oanis .~~~~ '1 (1 ~hil_~g!... _ _ -. ....._ __ .
. ..
i Art - .Cl.RCUMSTANCES WHIC E::X eMPT fROM
12' CR:IMfNAl UABJlll Y

L.

1l

PaP' . .2 A ~u.rson urder mn vea-s of age

Par. 3 - A minor -cver nine y.E:i'!f".S ~ bu.::

5 actmg !fllih ~ dJ;goemmet1A ~ c;;camp1

1998 : IV-2
200(}

et
Qnl

ctimil"'larr bihlf
\
(Nr;r te ~ WiU tfil.s affe-c~Jv itty ~1 ~.A . rio-. 9~
o U\lt:ii rwis.e ~ II)IM'Il .as ihe ....J llfl.l~~ ~ lli:l J Lr& lr.c: s
arnd Wei~ Act of ~006.. ~ It the~eby
m;n-n~ill liKI !that c; e:s of chFJdm~en 1 )!&alliS

I
1

fV

. --- ---

.. ------ _V.ofume m,

Valume_l!l

------.
--- .. ---- - - - --r---- - - . otd lid t>ek~ow t the- ilsmr& of lho r;omnlr$!SJIOH 1

.'

ocherwiss
into

. e minal ~

1.

JI-b
1-b

la 1MU~
.mer~

I Pal

Any pt!'llion who alt:9 ~o psrform 1.'11 a~ct j 199'4

1 ,eqwrer"i by i8'n'
when Pfe~oe necr by !iO!'na 1
"f

j cln:ums tanre~

I f ' ~

.:n

ir - e~ TRAP~~-"- 1 -

exooliptillg l 20CM

X-:3:

t 1_)

=.

II

__

3- ~

to (omm jtt
co , mitted ...

i
~ro,toca ons r I
o ff-endecll f'!'41Jr1y I

r.~ rh~'t

l l;tn med! ~

ly preccd~ llie ael..

Par_ 4 ..
suffic 1'\Jt
tilll'&at on the P' rt of lh-e

It
W-b
XVI-b

~~s~ilGAII.~'L_ 20Q3 Vll

Crlf'l1inal design . Ide
ano design !o
g. 9$. ' IX 1
origina le'S from and I COfl'lml1
lrle
crime t 995
1X-2
lj !S .alreael~~ ;..-. m1t1 -of 01~1nal:es. ~nd I : 1g.oo XN-a
.' . Ja>v b"'3k.er e~n I deY~ped br ~'>II
I
~rorB ent~_~pmen1 .
th_r. lar;;t_efifOl,~r-9
~ 2 .) L w e nf-orcers 1 Law enforcer indl.,l'!,;.g,;
I
~ lt.!~_t!j__& !fl&aln~ ' oerMJn Yhl) is _I'!Ot II
II

P.;~~r.

I
I

I the sa nc1i~ y and ln '.Ji013blli~ of ~ oonfe~iOO)

a~1d

IV-b
,'1

I
I

v-enitis nSJl J usbfying

Vl-e

lia~tty

l lao.vflll ~nsupera~ ~a~se

I Olf-f

eibaoNo
aimi.n~l

I .:

Ixrv

.
.
j fA good elf~rnple of Par 7 i~ wha,"} a plies:! fait$ !
j let repo.1 a trea.:;oo for [he re~s-on lt1at 11 vialate$ \

tt.
the

nd sceus.ett fTDCTl

lav

Par 4

cme

Ct.Jmmi ~

rommlt 1lg

r til Circum&~

JK~nsibUity.}

~,ny per~1tl v~ho . IJ~t'l.t!a pe.ri(lr ng a. 1992

acr 1111'1h -due- care. C8lJS: & an injury ~r 2008
acctdeJ't vmhouL fa:ull or intt:fli110f'l of
cau~1ng it.

mi
d tc t:ommit (1 ~~
crime. and 'JI'I'OOid not

lill

1 of lht:: ~rime $h.aU i.mmmjist-ely be dmtn~d 1

I i!ln-d t h'9 cMI :&hall bli reft!-Jl'-od lo t he
: iC'IpptOFJri!rlte e:Q(;~al weJ~re and! tJQ11m opmmt
! otiicer. Thks pro'l.!ialon ha!t j n m l(...'1::t
j . mendod par. ~ of A ft- 12 of fhe ,R_P,C.
: Ch ikJ re n ~'9e-d 1 5 y eB s and b elow i\ire now
I eonsid(tiV(j
chl~d.fli'Jl lh ~0!11 1he aue (If

mind li

I.

.::39

Not~ The pto(lv-oca i~,~n 1'1'1 usl be i'Ciaquata and 'I

~lt'r'l cf-'Bte.

I
I. immediate
P~f'
Tn~It
act m:s. committe~ in the 1
'it di&a1rran Qf- grave olkJise to 2001
5-

81&
'I

the o
comftl it tlng ttl~ ~ony 'd~ to)~ his
:SfK!UB&
a
:scent! nst&t or re-I~ i'.'M by ;~ f-fl~;ty
1
1
'ftiilthl n lh e asme ~Qir&es.

XV-A

2002

1900

II

I .:Mtl

i
l .N

Uv.
..----...-a.) 'J'f1ern mu~i-tJe ~~rave. off~nge don~ me one -c-ot"nrtrH.J~ che f~ lony n~
spouse,
a!3oCeil(iMi.,
da~r;L,
l~itimate, ;naturo OJ adopied bro1hers
.ar s.ls1 :ts Cf" relalles by affinit) m lJBe
$llln'!e -d!!JUrae.
1
b.) The felon. ' committed IS. ~.., '.'indioc.a1icn of
a~ gra ..a o-ffanse

1
I:.

lmmediare mr~sL be- lrang,lat.e.1 .as f

lpro;.:.,ll<:te."' (From the Spanil:.h T~,; p.ro~wna")
tepee- o tirl'U3 r:s allt:W.te<:j bmwaen the g~ .e
offeru~e ~~~)d ~he 11intlical ron Hcn.\Elt~er off~noer
! must not t!egarn hrs eq..-.anrm1=1v.
I1

lvdgmef'lt and

3 ) Such ~ a will~ made pnor

pr~enbiiOI'l

19~/

~S OF VOtU

TAAY SURkE:NDf:R

ri'lf.Jl!it rnd ~::.:;.t rtJe n Clcl\nO';I.rledgn~rr L

~u ~n

1900

11992

iI

m-a
v

n~

cr I

condi iona~ or lot 1

mn~.enienc:e- . (As. 10 how long tNIII :
depen(l JJJ"l th8' cucun"1$13l"'C:E1i.. fn
...
case or Poople e..s.. .Ab'ao 183 SCRJ... ;
658, 11 i"'i:~s bean rul~ 1ha 2 years, 1
before- l'tt:o ... oruntan su.rr~rrdc:ned r& roo
lnng a 1u'--.~ h:a -c...nsider fhe ~.mender I
:s.poilta nt:<lta:::..)
1
<1nd

eYidem-.e-

tvy

the

l.a Tire surrender m~ast be spcn~an~IJl:i 11 1

o1

t-n the-

pr09t?GU1.ioA.

' GUU..lY

1.) Ar..a..."'ll~ spoman.eoSiy pleaded !iJ wlty ; 19Q9

to 1he crim~ mar gt:td
2'.} S\~t.'11 pi.ea i3-'S llii.~e befara- t e CQUI1
r.:orr"Jpeteot tc Lry U'l~ ca&a and aender

1 Pa.r 1 -VOl..UT ARY SURRIE.Ntl!E R & Pl...A OF ! ; 999

rx-BI.~ .

REQUISITES fOR A PLEA OF Glll.TY TO BE

ITIG A.nNG~
1

RJOre aggr~IC t

!k~QUIS

ii "m~st ~-;olu,l3.i).. It mu:/ ltt.. made "I" 199~'

b fore 'the go\IIBI'f'l~!"lt rncurs EXpP.ta-:.e--3-,
ti1"1)e and affiX1. rf"J 1racking l:i~ \"ltlender
dawr1.
1.) tt must be rrmc!e to a p Br.S.Otl rn 2uth-:.rrtv '
o r to en ~nt of a parson in .atthar~~~
I

r.

I. ~ote:

~
~~
.J

!h~ i_~ 1Nhat i.s. U9UBII~1 ~pPiiEid if the

JU'1i2r YlfiQ eir~ ums tance& <:;;t~n ot be
a ..aje.d of :fr!J100rs eince- l'er-o lti oo

1-- .

v~ =
.. --------=-==.

f: ro!O Nota-s - 2D :L_Erf, IQn . ___ -

----,. ;:!. ;a

~-:-

. -l

'

I
I
I

An :v.:;.~use ..~h..? pla:adeaJ "no1 9uil[j' r'1

the MlC during.
prelim1'1a"'
irw~tl &1ic.n, a11~ -enters a pl.:~ of ~
"-gur tv~ tn Ll'le 'RTC' ean B\fa rl of II:~
n.1Jg3ting circU~t tu;:e . s~ ple.-J I$
e~n$tdP.Ied .c:J!! sp~anenue., sine . the
lea af gurtty rr'l the TC tis imrrr~terial ~
SUL::h was ~T~aele -durmg a pfehrr~ inaty
ll'l~ig ati04~ orrl:t and :not 'before a
C0'11petent CO\Jrt haC eoul
render
;ud. nl.
i No te: A .f\ . Net 05-8-Le SC ~ "'~i"Jdl toJ:'.
a~ct Of! October 3, 2005, withdrew th .
power
CCI
condluC'I
prelimin ~rv 1
1
411'1 l-1rg~t.on frt.-wr jud~$ of the first icvel

rourts. )

X" -b
' ~

--,

-r .

1\h ~r ap~~ ~o~,;.r.~ b le l.\:1 plea M rgeining ~

'9-Jt.h

~s wnd r-!1 ~1.

r---=-the
-:--SLJ~& of

P14~. S - that thv- offentJgr IB d af and dumb.

II bJnd o r othefW~$e su1~f. , ing _ ome phys.ic.a:l
de(Qc.t
k;P, thll!ls rog;tlf~1iB 111 m~fls. of
ac ~!1. deiOflse. Oor conllfi'~LJ niC~~!l>na wtth h~

1fullow tl"E~tslgs."

,. -- .. ! .

GRILVIINlA t I.JABIUlY
A_it-l'A
-GGRAVAllftiG
CiRCUMSTANC ES"'14
1
(""No4e . lhere is 1"0 aggra\"a~it1g clrc:u~hmoes. 1
b~ ~naiog)' Aggra,arin9 c rQ.JlllSfances. mu~
.
be a.pphe<J as found in this ai11cre )
I
I

P r. 3 -:. OWELUf1g - Must be

iii

2009

hou~ a.nd $tare s nor 2

1dwerMg . I also includt.~:; dependenc~s. e.I.JCll 318 1
I stal~.!i e an d e nclos.urt: ut the hou~ . ina
ot'am:~e
paf'l\! nee.:;~ oot be a p~anent

.A c:ornbinatron oi

.1)

resident or e domicile of aL1Ch nO( ilEi there a ~

~
t.h~~~ he- be rhe O'J'ITlEir ot said 0\velling .
. Ttws aggrava11r19 cicoCa.M'l'lst.anoe is ~on&Jdert!d 1
~e-f! if 1he l~ving ~ dv1efiing 1':9 fCt' a 1er'r'lporary
dur llon Of pul"lJO$ . U i!\ a~o no1 need'ed 'that
l he ofrl3fl<!ler $hcui10 enter b dwel
in ord'er
the~
IS {J:grB'IIa~ing C:1 rcums~ance- (11~ be
apprecl~tea. It ie. enough lhat 1hc vi~ is
in raid e hilS hO\lli.e.

PiJJ~.. 5

'UNINiliiAmrfD .PUC~ - ~

- _ fGHTT1ME - TJie accu~ must

i'!OvEt do;:llberst,el~ a~.elled of "''ht ~ime

XVII-I)

1993

XVI!I

2009

l-a

t is. oonsiderea

pmtxm.

RlC!CIP.L~S~

FWquiei[.a:s.:
.
1,) Offender is. on 111 Jor .an offer~
2 ,) Offender W~$ Pf'EI..lOuslyo -oorwlete-:J b-y
flna1judgment of ;an.:) r crime
3 .) Bo1r1 the first .and ~ond ot1l=n!!es ~te
emb r~=:t irl tne sarM hUe of 11'1e
Rel/tSed P n.al Cca.e
4.} Offender rs c-on..,ic:le4 of the ne-1. :
.offeme.

I
I

There mus-'1. be 1QS1

twne
betw n 2000
d et~mrn:atron and executiOn in ordt?l th =

. r tJ- "PREMeOltATI ONI -

~ .w

eienl ...1ap$e

or

or

aggra~tai.M"Ig '[.II'Cli!TI9.1;;Jn(e
madl Ill fl ~~ be apprederle<l.

11S97 m

to ~Wta 1 ' ~

2009

he p&i:~ ,IS, m fElBSonable PQ.SSibt

~ . e
'l'ictim r~ng ar ~r1n9 aid "rem mrd
:e ~ A~US!EO !~

11-b;j.
XVIIb

- re ,aeM;te frorn the djstane and i&r~IB1icn of

tl

builth~ rn" Ht9S

lnm

v~irnl$ .

Istructure e:xclu ~itely used k:f' rs!;t .and c:ot'r'lfort.

rn

B
This s appreciated when l he offens is
oomrn.tuea .by foor or mort: al'med male'act1'!
raQ'3rdless of the ~r lrre slre ng~ ot ~

--1 - r
- ..
I

I
I

I
1

-~IR~U~5T~~~t:~~~~~VATE_I_ - - - - -

his act

!lrder
tt:ggra\la.ing circumst'3I'IOB can be :;!Vi d or.

PX-2

par= 4

pJ s~~ts ~

evldan

~-

iHA"T: THE CRAF't. FRAUID OR ~ 1995

e._e eMr"-ovr::o.

V~l

..

~ e.~. Pr1re.to
. . ~oies
.

- - --2Vf 4 Editi.on
.-

.- -.

Cr="tf1 ~"n ~eldone by the aoc:usej ~-Older-no~--F"1 ---,f

1o arn us:e tM su!-pioicn of ifne icti t'i.
1

-----li&- appli~

10 aJ r.:;rimee..--Gen~-i~
agg~avating ea11 be off Bli!~ b~ 1:1
"Aitig a~ c1rr.:wnlSlai~ . U 11cf oft set
!'!as ina aff~ ol lml)osing he ,;.en&ttv

Par. t~. . . T.R. AC !i~~Y. .t Al~V~OSA) - mi.Js.1

be -shown "h{n lht- ac.o.~ :sed employed r'n esns
and m~hcds. 1'1 .ol'tler to enaur~ 1he 0-):sr::ui:Don
o- th~ .act 'll'!hoOLn risking hims.e tu .a
!)O$sib'.e defen$e

toma

htl~ ~hiD' .tlcbrn

pre w~ bsd

m h1. ~ able

abaorbs nod.u.rnrty. ~...tSe of

~;;u~rioc &1reng1h an
empl0)'1f19 ~F'JS. c
\\e.~ er1
da~nae .
Tre.aeh .

I Patr- 1.~

- UNI!..AWFUL

f~Y

Ther~ s

unlatNh.al et'llty ,. jhen en~r4U'Ic-e ~ .f!lffeded b:.'

way not m es"'derJ for l he p ull"p~e.

. p ' 2.0 -

c: R I

E iS COMMITl'I!:O

'.] Willi , H A.IO Of

'

2.~

PERSO~

N.OER

1S YEARS OF AGE
SY MEA~S OF MOTOR VCHtC ES1
A!RSHIP
O!l OTHER SIMI.AR
1EANS

f.
'

II

TYP5

C~~CUMSTA

II

Of
CES

'

19'99

'
'l . ) Gooneric .tl.g!:].r. ;~c n11 - Tho~:.oe 1hiJt can

---.

pe:r!Od

Generit. aoorsv;;34mg cireum~ nas

o r.~ alleged
the 1nfoonaoon,
oChef'!l'm!il3' It will n01 lJe eQnsidered in
imp~l . Ch sentence.
2.} Sp~lllc P.ggra11a.h - Tnos.e ~ha.1 apply
onl~ to ~ bcutar crillleS 8'ld C2Jnool be
offset b) ~ting cirtt. 11$t.anc~s.
3-.) ~ n he1e n
. gg aYating - Those tha
ll'S&en ial['!l ~ ompaA)I he enm::tliSSIOii'~
Of h
r.r1me IC doe:s not affect 'h
!=IM\.:.It.' w h;;~ SoOe.. er
4 } Qy ry,ng cimun 1SW''\CO'S - These h
<:l'l.ang 1tte na11,1re ~r tha Grime 10
gr:(:!J~r une or bnng li\C:)ut ~he penalty
h.igher 11'1 creyree llig C;;lnf'IOt be- offae
bj m1Ug31n"ag Gir c ums4anc~ 11 mi.J':St be
aiPeged in ~ he ll'lofuqnaJ:Icn and .t)fO'tierl
dU"cing the 'tfl!al.
I
$ ) Spec.al aggt3\/C.tlng cm:;urrut~;~nc~
,
Tho&"B that ~ r e pro!Ji:jed by a gpecial liW
lo ~ aggrava1ing (E.-: ~'~'Pi~ R A 78!lg) :

hGGIU\ '1/AT.N'G 1999

m~ l.im um

I
1
1

: P111r. 21
CRU l TY - Thai l1loe \~ ong done II'\ . "1994
! the c~lt11 1$:!i l~ of !he cr..!'l"'e t.;~ de1iberet.e ~ 1
: i:lugmE1'1ted t"!t' c.ausing other w1ong nQt
- nP.!t'"...esaary for 1IS commis.sion (~ usl be mf~1cted
1 o0n "livin!}":

m its.

I --

I V)h

uc liry40fl cif

l~t.af'lee

would t.a

2~11JJ

IVb

~~~~~a n

-alememc:r a crime when:

Cl}t~~ngo~ 1he neture t)f ~ h 1

crime r&'SIJ '19 to s more S~eriO!JS
crime and a hea\fler ~n:ilrty ,
.
2.} I I$
&Senli:t.l 4a the crime 1 1 99

1 .)

2.45 .

_lliiilllll______. _. . .________ __..

,..

--

----

-"I'' ...

~i\.ui'l{ld t1-;}ot. $"Qt11e ol!lt?r

cnma.

could bl!l roJ)t. 111tecl.

-

I .

qualifyinQ CI(C1,..11"1'1$~anc.e- (Example 1QQl

\'Idem rettle<Jrt:alioo; that ha'S not

a gee

INTOXICATION

;pro-yen dui'Vbg the ~ rial m~y

nell be ;ptYymQ!e co.r~Sidereo as a generic I
bt~1

~rnJ\Itllttf'IQ

t .

a feiOll'/
S..) Agg ra'!.atin
1.} If lnto:,:icat10r1 I$ nebitull
2.) 11 U 1s. dooo ~bsequent to

CHAPTER- FIVE .
__ . AL1iRNA WE CIRCUMSTANCeS
Art. All1E~N1ATIV CI RCUM~ A CcS -- .

RELA T10t-4$HIP

A ) Ml ~a11ng

I - h'l Climes agamst pror..ert~r

;
1- In. c s a~ain.st person wi~h l't",g~[d's 1CJo ile$$ 1
$eflOU"9. or shgh phy-sical "'illf'teS 1~ otf~l'l(fed
I party rs a re'latwe o low.,gr d . ree

II

TmLE::iTWO

PIERSONS C*!MI AL.I.. Y liABLe :FOR

FELONl"'-=~S
__

lvm

2000

XIV-a

1fl94
1992

'ill

2.003

Par 2- R~wsitas {lf

a prin,;;i~l

'I indut'-Oillent. 2003

2002
1.) Tt'le m~-.ent must be duecUy made-, '9~
the- In noon bu.ng tc ~roe the
commi:ss.ion {If the aime and.
2.} The mduceme!lt lone
lAC be the
detenn ing causo (I( 1he c;ommrseioo

. i.

V ~-lb

fV..a
VI
~I

VL-:2

1e-11l

--rI

2003

No~:o: . H'l CJ.:tl'lts~dEKi~ lt'o1 rtol31~hiJ) iii ~n

eiTlo':l'lrre: :
r;:ii'O.Im!.IIB'!tl! clfer11.lt"d p-;!,1~ fnuel etlhar tu~ l;t~ ~iiSit
~nd;;an~ descen.jllr.l. l~imt~. tllStJfal Gf ~pl iQ .
b rot l"q r r;.r !0 rKe r or re: 0!1 r.-e r: ., ll J'fn ~,. in he ~ IT'rtl CoegfG:re 1
or IN! Q
:11}1' Also 1rr: 1.10ed illre ~l!(al.on&llt:o or

ill' .,. . Cnm.ina-J

------

ijt

I1

- Gen r U.y ~r~valing in atmry; all 11994

1n s t a~ S4Jbjet.; t to oerta in e:xc. apii IJfl!S. (As
1
r-nei''lt11Qned ;p'bo e-:

Chsplf:1r

pH.m 1c romrnit a fe~ . ' n oN

words. 1s ln~nliooal.

aMG:tt'l~trve

woo

.:; 9ll1lpO n.e nQ

B.) Agg.ra ..~a~ing:

all

A.) " tfigatmg

1. ~ Whan. It 1!!;1 not be;:! ltusl or
2.) ~f ChP. mtO!'ilc , ion Is flat 2.002
subsequent tQ the- len 0t oommitl.

['il'~sn ca.

(No
;)ltleg~tron oo aggravming } l"kM~er 1
fflt~J\f ~ congidemd for rha fJUil'JOSC o(
;jW.'.ardrng sxampl~ d ~es. (Cwll

- r -

ls

,_ nee- an.d i:s eor$.darac:J.

I _
246

Chapt

the Ctl_~ . ~)f ~ he ma~al ~. cutor.

ofJ
_

Jlr- CfimJt1af raw

: .=...

- -VolumeW

Le)( Pareb:J No&s - '20~4 Ed1r.ior:~ ....... .

~isite

ab~nt

....---.......------:----:---;-:---;---::-';~~~~--r---

il after the: prir'I!Ctpal

nl.lft ar- 2 1e
Mnca A
lby dlred particip.at):;)n wt-.o has a
' f)tr.S.Ona reason eo commit a
10 that he
wot.JI commit ~ an!f!Na:t m~er i he IS> no1
~nd ~J~Ced try anQitter pcrso;- is solely II bl(t for

I~l"i~~~~

had reached ' ha1

aeasion,

aJl.j

ex e{;Utl O."'l,
2 . :; to t~ dQCI~ I Orl

Par 3 ..... f"{equisita s of prin.dpal by oooperaUO'.i1

iE.pemJ.!!bltl 1 200

Vl li

1.. ) ~rtieipat ion in the cr lrnln~l rE?'!JOO ic!l.

(T het"e
ust JB 'lEI b$n etl ftQr'
mri<u
com;; piracy or- un y of amnlnal pU1pOSe and
intan~ion
lmtl cdia~l~
etor.a
he

OJ"mm s:.lon af

too Clime ~13

Do-not d~de -
wlha I'IBr 1be crime
ahcluld be ccmm~ed ,
hs rna ref.)~ .a :;sent to

tr.:e ~ n

and

coopatate 1r' 1 s
a~shment

I 3. ss to parttwtpattOn

l Ia me r~ an

2 ) C.copera 01'1 "' lhe com m 1e: ~ n 01 the

o.ffensa by perrorrnaoce of ooolher ct.
1
" iltlo.n whlcl'r rt W:>uld not ha~ b
n
.aeeomplished.
1

AcimnpU~~ ~m the, IPet~o.-as who~ .i-a.-t .._2"'"'0,.....,.....---;v~

09
1
boing ~rn::h.n;t~(:fl Ln Artic le 17 1 QO-<rperillte m
n 2007 V-a
o ,e xeci!JJCI>Of~ of 111!Jo olfuse by ' rn'lw'~ oll& o r
s l mt~~lltaneolll!!! a eil$ ..

:tc::co

1 crime ~ n ould

i oon'll'lliUed

be

.,I
lls

Of)EI

in::.truman pericrm&
of
. an act rt<)t as!!:.-ent1al lo
he perpetra110n {)f ttw 1
affen&a.
:

Of h .tu'Ulors
crime-

'

2.004

2003
1.. ) H~;~ ~w~ing .,

,vledge or the rommiss.iOn o~

e 1SOO
1Q92

commission of 'Sa1d Q'lll'le, erther as. pr1nc1pal'!l

'c:ons.p1ralcr

or ~P'IC8S.,

I
'

3.} , , But tney t ~ pa ~ subsea

CO!l'lmisslon In t1 y thef.B manner

-o'

Co nspirator

KO~ ~

.:rm1nai

-------j Decides ha.1 1he

2 .) . . . But do not ~~pa te in 1h~ a~RJ al

plies- a'ld t,~

crime . ..

Distinct o.li'll lbetw~n ;;~n

'

onlv

them do U'ley t1 ~ 1o
CO@e 1e- In the

sa

l 1nte11t10n trees use be

hCiS Cle~ upon
~ course -of action.

1,

By pro

Ioffe.Dder t~

In~

nt to its :

hetrl~ e iJ a s or ac-~istrng

root b'~~ 'the e ffgcts or .

a1me

the

V.ll-B
IV-tl
VII
r\1-a

Le~

PaiPto Note~:. :...2.Q_L-r_l~pW...;;:;...;..:..-------------ion

- V"'"'
....-~lrnc I.'1
J-1
2 . IB'i Ccnce.ahng -Oi rj~n:;YyiDg 1t\e bOOy." ~f
um1e. -or the effect$ co~ ~n s.tr umen's het~f ~
oroer to preYem rta d1sc:ov~ry .

N-b

I
I

CHAPTER TWO
1---+-____:::
C..:::
LA
:....::SS~~CA l'mQN OF PNALTJJES
. . . . . CHAPTER THRe e
OURA noN .AND eFFECTS OF ~ iJNA L11ES

SECltoN; ONE. - DUAAi:laN OF

PENAL"IilES
PeRiJCID 0~ PREVIEI'!miE IYp;RJSONME_NT
DEOUCTED
fROM
TERM
Of
r PI'USONMENT

A~.
~

1 ) Accused I$ uedlteci

111-1 .

fulL~ ror preventtve

lmprisomnan' ~O'IIdedl he VOIL!~ . m

w riting ttl
Ide bJ' '!he rulee fn1pn&t:d upe.n
cocwicted ptiSooe ~.

XXII
VIII..B
VII

'

I!

~.) AC.CU$00 I~ ~rted ~ <Uri (BO. ~) (I~ ttue

o cJuring which
as uodergooa
imprisor~men if he~ rw!~.NI~ ~in
wntlng tQ abide b:; tl'!e rules i~sed upon
~\'let~ pr~ners.

a.} Spouses.
o.) Ascendant~. descendants
c..) Legitimate, natural and adopted
Drc~hcrs ei -,.a sis'8f'S
.. d. ~ R-eltli.es ~~ affl ly wr rn 1he
~me

4l gees

P rm~ictad lha1 they -do rv.:.t G)rofll h~e1'1!es. ot

~ t 'ttle offender to .prodlt by
eM'ed:lJ. of 1he

come. Artde 19 i

tnn. e: rttfu~E

PE N!AL'T ~E S

C APTER ON E
PENAl TIES ! rn:.NEM L

Offenders not er llt~cl to credil ~ lhe: pl"e"lant~

mpriaoomsnt
sp
):

(l~t her full or 4/5 of nne

s.} R~Ktdlvts~ Qr 'those pre'o'rously toM ic1ed

tvli ca- .or ffi ore han t\!!,' o es of any or1il"te.

hose who fa4llltl to au cndat volume

f----1-upot'l being aummorrad to s.erv. h ~a~nt:e:l'too.
,
SEC TION TWO. ...... F=fECTS OF
b.)

,."e. r-

PENli\Ll'~ E:S
ACCOftOING. TO lH.fiR R!ESPECT.VE

W
Chep.."s

INATOFtE

1=r-=-s-=e---FF'icr

~i\--RD
_
OH
_
:

- -

--

1994

J XII

m~ CrimJnaJ Jaw
..

' .

I~ .
LEI'~

Pam-to Nolfl-" - 20 ~ 4 EcM.iqn

----I

II

I'

Lex .'?~to No!ttS - 2014 Erntkxl

,-990V111-'

A pal!"don allaU nol wor;k th,e ~~'tOI'O on or .2!l09

e. r ight tt~ hoLd pUib3tr. offlce-, or ~e- , lgh.t of
:su ffml'Je1 unle85 suelh_ Ugj!Jt~ be
t:!'~
11

t H~

1-a

~1iil

I:is.

PARDON

,fiho may Ap.p [is&

~'lail
individuals

___ __

\!Vhat may i lncl'udes

i be

an:~

~h e 1 crime

. sut;.jcd of

...

be No- nee~ 'to"

; ,prr:>"wen- ~noe it prove since u if;.
1 i~ hs p rivate e p ublic act ol
of 1he tha
prasiden
PI _,.Sid
;'l,l!
'the
conC'LI rr s nee of

: Onty

lneii,Jt;ie$

: crimes

coneide.red
por caJ

I,

I
'\iVnBn
can
tE-:<ercl~ .only
t

be when

a~

II
I

offenses

E~ercis;ed e\M
person be-f..-xe 1rial

::terci~~ . ~ oon:.:.OJ.iated
.:.=:.:.::-:.=....._ ____,..._ _ ___,
\!Vhat sre Looks. for\~Sif(J looks b~t;; ~.'i1.'il'Jrd
m~
I

I
I!
~

..''
.' i
I'

. I

I.

etftacts and relieve me

offender of the
penali~. Does
not
resl01e
f.li~hr:s.
ha&j
PI.-II:JII:(: Mfttet
Of ""hts. of

~blfteora~
offense 81!1

the
1heoffender did not
<:'Ommit
any '
1
-offen&e

~;uff f ~ge
uf'll~$

...

.Congl13"5:s

20:()6 '

lv2

Na .) Crrup d etst
b.) Rebeltron or insurre<:I.IOFl (~ 1t'.&
."' tiva~ ittes e congpir~ m~ 1
c::.} Ill al A~atioo
d.) Dlr ct ~nd mired: ass a
e .) Res-is n<; .and dirsobedience- o persons- in
aulhorlly
~. ) Tumulli &'f"'d ol r dist: romnG43'5.'
g.) Unla~ful use o
ns or FXJblications and
unlawful u1teran.ce$ .
h.) Al811l1B Etncl
~.
i. II el oa s.e B$iorl of fii re rm s.
An PErCUNIARV LIA&II;. Il'l ES~ '0R ~R-Oi' . . ...
2Q05
38

lrS

PAYMENT.

; l~elii':

!
!:
e~ ~~~ -- _ _i__ __ - - - I

Chapter U,l - Crumr1a. ~~~"

- Offen$eS tr..at ate GO't'Bred u nder a g renl cf

amnesty are s: foGo\".s. (~ providl!ldl ror undE!'l
1
a P residen1ial p~oeli11maoo n )

(M:onsanto

- -A-MNESTY
2.000
Apoh~ 1Q dus
1 of pers.on or ~
I group

- - . . . --

1-tld

If tne per$!1n pardoned "rants. c- be .rains.m2ed

to h e~ torn;m- {]f'fica, she has to re-~ fnr
such p~IOA an ll..llid r.go ti'Kl usual pmcedure

fot ~ oow appoinm

FaatcHon, "110 .SC RA 1'91}

r-

ed_

G M~

I r ... ~~red by tt],eJerms_Qf _t'he Qa.rdon.."

:req ~;,~ired

____..__ _ _ _ __,;__,..y~~~~'~JJ

Civil lim

opiOr'

m-

~:

Criminal ~w

t 1.)_Fine _ __ ____.
251

......

r.(.'."< i-J.::?mliJ. N.oi~s - 20 4 t[Mu).~

--

-- ..... .
}

: ~ 1.) The ~~~fa~oo c:.f

~ 4tr . (i arr1 ;p;g e- c: al.t!t ed
:: i"[JOe'S
mducta
: Res.1~u1ion )
1; 2 ) l~emrrifiDBLkln
!

oons:equentisl

I.

-d

.I

:I

I -

I .. --

: PARb.ON I
.

ssi

A:PPl..ICAno OF IPENA.L:nES

. 47

-----~Oeah {Ji ofiB~ti~

SUBS~OkAR. V P NAt TY

I Art..

effects of ttre corwidion UN

~Xpi"E"!!&!lJ ~t~ . the: . don. .

i .,.,.,. m
N" wHA
(

IES

--

IIL-2b

~N WHiCH-+---1----i

INHe!R Nl
COMMUTA"J1l0~ OF SEN1 ENCE

d~11t PeABI~~

e.:(e<;r..rl~ I

Vllrten the
ia. no1
by reason Of CCH'n mu1alon or pafdo1"1, It
catries. ~ 1 the panait'J of l)t:tpetual
abs.,ul _. dr:Squalificsbon ar'ld ..:n.il
~r'l terolcoon t:1ur1ng 30 )'eEtrs fOil~ he

2004

I'-

.I

O THER A CCESSOIAV P.ENALTIE:S AR

~

l.

Pa rdon~ ertUS~ a COI1'11';:;.t fn:xr1 h

set'Llic:~ of
sentence bl,n no1 thi}

CHAPTER FOUR

SECTIO~ THREE:-.:_ PES Al

&
_e_r'l_tt:_nce
_.- ---- - -

ONE .-. RULES FO R THE

APPUCA l i:ON Of! PE:NAl1i1ES
TO l"ttE: PERSiaNS C.RIMLNALlY UABLE
ANO FOR THe GRADUATION OF rnE

OTE : The Sup.rerrn~ Gor..u1 tras held that A fir'la ,2005

unposed as a S'ln!Jie or an aY!ematit"B
penah)J cannot be- red1.~ oed -or oon'tartad 1nto iii
p ri!1.Cin ~rm. The-re 1s no fu le rru lransmutat;;:Q
of the arnoull"rl. 01 a 1rne ulto a p rioon l

or

(~~Lher

I
I
r

, befora f.na: judgmenl : before final judgrr'l46111

doe& not oe.d-:ngiJI$~
I e-.:ting'Liish15
-- _j_ the c 1 ~1 l lrabilrtz _
! +.?Cun ia~ er'l'ii\11. '
~

tiablliti1s

j I fi:~~ o~s. ncr:e.r

Art.

~~- --d~te
-()!
....,...,n
,....e

I,

SECT~ O N

J.} The fi J'rEI.

i 4.} The COM G1

ges.

!! -~uniary

..

.%->-
'

IV-8

-cAses

SAMe.

e. -DEATH

..

~'ENAL TV 201('J

S HALL 001' BE ~POSED. CAm(l!r'lded b~

2004

19-98.
' t"ilO: FtA. N<O. !3346 ot herw ~ k nown ii1:S '997
996
;~A n Ac t F'rot!ib1df1g tl1e 1mposltion of Ooo lh
1Pt::ns tty in th 'Phi!Jppinss"", SIPpro'i!ed <Qf1
1 Jun EJ 24~ 200o, ~las. effetUvo ~ repa-.ai~X! A ..A. .
1 iNa_ 8 t T1 , ottJQrwks.a kJtOWn a.~ t h
Ac t

R.A. 16Sa, Sec. 22l"

Des~ atihSJ Deaih ID)' leiltral 1 ~jec;lion.

Ll ewi.&o, thm new 1~ w has in effe-ct
' rep" iUOd Q,r amend ed ~eoord~ ng~, R..A.. No.
';!'"659~ Olth tC;!'rv.~a& llmowr. :;L!i' m
h e Det~ifh Penalty
t.,_w, 111n d a1 o ,. laws. ~~ e,..riv e otdrer$

alitd dec ree:s~ in4).(1~1f a e.

dr.;:alh penalty.

U}lf)~ ~til1po&'@ tilt~

1a

' AOOJ'S
1' ~sa than
years of age- ~11he
1ime o( hB cornn~ion oJ lhe o an'Sa .
2 ) Ac:cuM 1j tS more ~hart ?0 yearti of s~ . The
peor:talt1 vii 1ns.read be commusd to eetuskrn
perp~u~

~ .) V'i'l"oen u~.., n appeal

i)f r~n n~ 1he ~se

by
i.tre
S\Jpreme
court,
illl
the mamber:9 1herao-f
1

~v

v~

XIUi
X -b

l-1b

r
.
.
. I

a e not uMnirrlc~..t!! in 1heir \'~in

i
I

ta ~he
Drop:tiQfy O'f ~he imp~ion {It tl1e ooaeh penaltv
( LJ" Ittts SOflia member or l'l~fl"'bet'$ 1hll100f
shall hl.kl 00811 disqualified rom 18 I p l't in
he c
er~ of the c.ase, 1n which etefl lhl)
llnfln
us ,ii"Dte .and :signature of onl tM
remainiDg u
&ha be required.}

Amtoti ihis cortc9 c~mot .~.;;~Ot~t1 dlr.E!cfl}~

..

fn thet Hev:ised P6na( OY.Jo UtiS rorlCe]Ji' i$

~pltfJd by thll SrJPit)llte GO<JTf itt S!)~ral
]UriSpruCkJoce. (P opJf) vs. ()rl v~o:-... Pe.aple vs.

LaW3S, PfJO().re vs. Garc.&a)

hey

;F~re

OrdJnan!y ~"efei"re(l ~o as -comple.x

crlmei

-l m;artity and psegrta1'ey ~fmB" e:uK~n -does

not ca~ ~he e~c: ul::iOn b ~ merefv au&.pends
it. {~ n ~nsaniiy iC l!io ~H}t.lendoo mrlir lila OO&omee
~ne and in ~regnt ~y it is &u:: psndad during
lho :pregnancy and 1 y-et7lr l! t .t
woman's

r---:--r ael.i~~
Art. COMPLEx CFUM: S

. 2009
I ~005

C001plsx crimes {D~MfJ C~11.Pus:sro)

are I 20
lined under Artlcle- 4$ ot ~h ReVJ.Sed Penal ~ 2000
Cod . There .are 1hf~ t)!F)eS (:If ~ple11: 1 "2000
ernt~O'S:
i 2000

I1 d

1 ) Compound crimea { First p2111 of Art 46)

2 ) Coml)lex .etima proper (2r.d e11 CJf A.!t ~

111~~

11Pt1U

i Vlll -a

~ 1-a,D,C
X-2
f

IXIV-a
V l ll-b

IXVI- b

I1X~b
1-.a

1995

Vl-2

lw.t

2001

VI.
1-a
XVII
kX

!1996

Vll l-b

'993
fS93

Or~ ..nom.

COtd!POU D ~ -c:'..O~PtEX CRIME.

L._.
A

_ _,_....1-:-:-:-----~----..

..te.

:; I Conbnued orime - Is
"th<!
1 .otfei de~ pAtforms a senes af .RC!.S 'ilt;f8!~J O.?e
.en,~ ll:-e st.~rnE" p1msl PfOLi$J.f;h? ~~r"'Oflttn~fi\J ~l
~
fi~ pltJC& i!l'l'd a-bot.n i1.Ja s.atn.e 'm1e lot r~
.'i' mt: ~.r)mrr~ purpose, reg&rdie,f.' f)/ a $(}1 s
i of ,=w/ ._,; t'.IOrle r~ ks ff:qardt:W ,in l&w 9..':\' o.t){;t...

too

~~JL -

singfe

eons'l.ituting

I:Y10

I ----

aa M
1
Of I

g.rav~ Ot ~~~
~ .:Q.r:a~e l'elon! ~

o~nte

(I~S;O:tl')l

Is

rl

di
Uu;

means for

cnmm l~lrl.l.) ~ther

rr..ote

..

. _. _______.,

1. ~ In boin l ffiafl.C~ 1he pent:~lty ~r tne m~t

:se-riau!i u me Ylill be 1m~c:lSe<J
2. t It Is r'IC4 .::.(Jplied fo compo.g1 e crime E)
(Oth!:NilS~'"' k f'IO\,n as s~al complex
c:ritnes.. 1s.uoh es. rubbel)' .M1h hcmir.;ida,
robbet'J' lih'!h rape etc.)
3.) 01'\e offense should not be pu W'~ lll
by .B ~pecmllm.tj! .

o
0

'

- - --- - ... - -- - ... -' -- --r- n--ber~g- \I o ~-$1r'lg~ II --[ . . . . . . I

k"4...1JUHIR' tJI

\1
\. 1

II

lr'l

dis! inc- I

l";t ,.

~~,~~)S

"

\
\
\

c)

\\

!\
1;

1\

II

PfOVTSIO(l

WfUB . >:)(

\\

htough t

11

by a \

. 1:

11

II

D"~

!~

\\

hey 1

~nious ~ \

'Dr

bee a.me

1.

the

o1her \
oOJfenseis

II

to \

1\

r'JaC~SBf)'

oom rnit

I.

Olt\8(.

maK.unurn period

I
\1

I\

--~~~~J
1
IS \ \

\ Onl)' one- penalty

speclfic.all)' preswbed
\ 'I ih .R PC as I he \\
componen-1 a.l1Mi .. c .
-, rogarded

a:;

~i't'1$1bl fl otfl&n9e

_j not
;L _ _ _.

CturpJer W - Crimma/ IQw

\ . . The crime:

oomp llfl(Jn t

one- \\

The

cr irnels are \\

t"Ggerded

a$

d~tinh_ .hel'ls:e_1h~.

I
1

----ssc110N lWO, - - RLJt.E$ fOR. TH_E

J
;

I.

O~ne of pro ~-fJ ad'!.laea~e~ 'tf'tst penal la\W 2Q1(1

U
B'le to- bo ocmstrue<f an
applied a Wf.lliJ
\ lament or liber-al to 1h offender, coog nt w lli
the cons IJiornal guara .ee C~St r1n aoeusad
-~resumed . . nee ili unil p ro-\lan ~t~
. ------~----+--------1

2'000

of rorc;ib

seDC!rs'ti.lPy.

~t 1ilat
spflCfflea~

Bbduction may be
rope. ff
Je ~~ ~ werecommitted\, each be Merged end p un!sned

-~-

~l'lplexad Vfith

lhe

meal

of

\ if_ ~d~--------~1
~---~-------~-

\
\\

ool

s mu. crime-.

1;\~hich

\ Orlly the fJ&naly for

\ 1fla mo~t ~riOO$
sh~N ba
\ cnme
1 itnpose"'d and 10 it's
\

II

RPC.

\ h)~~_S-=r-

Ill the

o ne pen r.y
'lay
l}I'J"
impo"d

tJecau

U'le!
{ I

r. ) Punished ;n one \\'

one
1
informarion in \
~::.rder
that \

__ -. - - - -

.... ,. penally q.ostHI

\1

offense

in

b ,) Allt:ged

I
t

And1vi~11Ne

p uni::.hc..'(.l

~es -.lP14_ .~fl#~ _

Lex P.

I.

~EGARD TO 11He MrJ1GATING AND

AGG

v.Ar~_NG CIRCUMSTANcES. A D

HAWTUAL DEUNQUENCY.

1~... \ Ff'lfCT rn: Tlie I'Jra.oi..Nc! ---oF .

a2 Mm GATING
OR
AGGRAVATING
C~RCU'MSTANCES
AN\0 OF HABITUAL 1
\

OEUN'Qt.!EN'.CV

Jn
COI"Wlchon .ot a'fl :c.cue.ea . . "he f'Gcidlvism \ 2001
ma.,. btl cortsides""tl a t;t ~pa ale a-nd d1slroc 2{.109'
from tha~ of
M rCu~ cJCJJinq~.rency , aca ~ e .
h bast'S of focjdhtlsm ts d1fteren f,of'l"' 1hat of i
habfural Cf;elinq ncy.
\

\
FU

XJ-b

hi~bllual

ReddiYi
1a lnheroerlt in
o lrnQuency \
1 is oonskjerea as a9g ra1ating e~rcumBt~noe irl
\ imp..')Sin;g the ~nncipal pen y. (P~Ie ~..

s,.!

Cnapter

m- Cr;min.a.f law

S-9

~Bl' ~aretfJ; ~res -. ?P14_~j1iqn_

___

r-1 E!N)ina, t\2-P.hil. G()7. .S001

----

1\1 eu&s Si't wh~Cih

pen~Uy 4;!0n1P~d of

J j,

___ --

Rut~:s FORT HE APPucArto

~ DIV,SIB.t.. PENAl Tt 5

tM::

-_c

-r
or ~- ..}

in the

~omm

e ~el' pen tt~ s~fJ be appl~dl ...,

I
L
I

Ia~"''

lmpQ:SI;)S

;jJJ

pe~lty

~Lta

slgj)oss.

ll'!.

. PPLICATI~ . OF

PeNAL..TJes

co TA IN

WtrUCH

WheJ) both Fnnig rtmg

aggrnv~ting tircumatal'lees. ~ro pros-.1n1 the
-

"'

6 - "YIIh n ther~t? ~ wro

mitig;ating
:md
I IPar
~GGRAVA ~ _t<;I~~~M'STA~t;~
I

O.t

ch-ct~rrl ~tane.~

PRs1oo it or

Pic rtalty fmpo$1 by tJuJ C0<19.

mayor. max

unuer Met

flt;ion

NQ :
.Bf" !
I Pli' a&nt, ljll~ ~Q~rt -~h 1' i~l_pg~ Ut9 peiia_Jnt I
1 !lOX~ . ~we~ to ~ t P-_r J ~rp(rd _by ldru, ffl_ tj1e- 1

~- t!Jo!l i~ . ~~)' ~~ _ . PP!t~~.!!, I--

l~
X

max

I
1

Pmpet pm.orr pan;;Kt:r

pgri(Jd:

Prl$.'":m

cooeCCional,

Mfmmum petfr.Xi: Arfe-s o rtl3-f0' .n an)' 1-ange

{Applv1n iod~ le senttlnce law. ~&e

I
\
'

Appltm){J Prrr 5: Pll~n 4X"nleCQOnal.

n'JCY(Rru.rm (Taking mlo can$1 auon lhe

Mav.rmum

I
1997 I vt
Q<to I 1997

"Since th1s 1'$ a corn.plex

4B .

2 mrt.'geUng cir C\.l~a n(:e'S)

coti;l IS~Jai~l r<f aao~l<abty offau ~ o f on:e

clae~ agajn-sl the oUtel' cc-otdrng to tnOJr \

Cnme ~s:la ;a furough fabifir.at!!On of -~

p ul)lic documents
P.at~y.
E$t.afa - Alr.t~sta. rnayot .

cr

Fsl$1~1106 -

-1

1
and 1995

I' - ,-----

Maxlrnum

1talail\l'Jleo wtnght.

VI

RU 1

PEFUOOS.

\ ~r.

Re.:;tu&iDrr \

RULf:S . - FOR -. THe

of \

~rpetua to Gel a h ~heJ"1 ~a sed on the

~... . he pen a 'I to be m,po$ed i' 'ttler

er

1
1

I.

US ten

~t>ove
illlfll"
2 mii4ig3ting t irr::u
\

A :
64

xamptB' If the

1~7

-co"th numncr an-d ~of sur:-

chc mstanc:e&."'

applic;;~ tlon t~l-illreol _

- - - ___ 119AJJ!fB' ill

Exam ple:

two ~ m:iivlsibJO'

\ 3. , W an ftle
@s.ion of 1 u. ar;;l fs \
atterufeft ~ IU)Iilile mHig~Ung !!;:l,cul'nStantbs \
\ 111n d the;ro. ra flo aggr.avatftng c:: lrcumstanca~
\ .

-l aceorrif"g

I 'I

poe~ - h . th-e rotlow~ng w tti ~half be

Lex Pr.~f.Q..J!j~01 Egifion . __ _ _

ttno- law p;eacritte$

IQ

obS~&wod

y~~m

II

notes. orr ~ndeten -

\._

~ te 'Sente.rrr::e taw~

{See-~ o.!_P~la ~ Gon:zat~ .73 P_h1l 54~ ____._.___ _j

vur

_l_

----------~------~--------~---------------~---:!on

Uil

~e:.r P~@..tq_N.o.re!i..:...'.?/}14

EditJQJl

Art. rPi=NALTY ... TO e-::- ln -P-OSED

6ll :

~~SON UNOER EIGI TEE

I AG

VOOm-JeJU

VoluiJJftJ~~

. . . _ ..

Al 200(f"TfV-bl

UPON
YEARS OF ~ 100.5
19<ll

d. Tem porary $p6CSI d:.sq

IVII 'l !
I

XVJII

o. Suspeneion;

f~ cub Ire oensure

DssUerm;

- II a minor 0'119 9 but uooef 15 i:s. foooo 1o beaoti~ ....111'1 .;J1:s.Gernmenr, .he is .anti1ted o
p.ri11ilege miCiQlll.lng r::1 rrum:!l'an.c~ his pens y 1s
lowered 2 ClegrDB::. 1hsn 'M'Iat liS prt?!SaribeQ .
"' ~"rota: Under ~11e nt."'l' 18.'tl'J. IR A No. 9344
. 04het\'i'iliE ~00!/Jr'l as lhe J m.1 en ~te Justice 800

'I

H~1-er

lake note 11'ol)L 1his anicle 1!3 t1ot

.applicable l(lo .:.:. minor s..inoe he Ms
' the bererF1 of a suspendeQI .$-+;ntoenca. He is 1 :sc

culpirt has
mJXe
~;hal sel"o'e lnern :!14fn1Jitaneoug.Jy 1(
the

prl!Ul

&arJed

j m pri $01'1 rrtfji\t.

I absolute d i!!.QW 31II~ion;

b Peq'lelu.al s.pecie:l ooqo~l i:licaho n ;
a Temparo:_ry ~bsol ~.e di ::~~~llcatiOn .

C~&r

-----

W - Crimkr,31 law

--

OF Tl

S EC710

PNfl.l TIES IN

-19$5

CASE Of

Art.

5U$P~E NISI ON

OEA

XI.I..S

.
HE

-.

I
:

TE ct::

RA, No. 9346 now expr~$1 Y ;:.'1t"OI-:1b1ts 1995

ha impo$11~ of daa h penalty Set;:. 2 of said 2006
law proJid~ 1~l t11 hau of the death pen;.tlt~, 1 2C'-D~
f.ha folla'1Jifl9 st\all ba imposed: s.) he peaal~ '1
0{ ~o n perpe11... ''than !he law .tiolat~d
ff1 k435 use o f the norl"lencl~tu,-e of the pena le!l ~
he ~ll\~i:sad Penal C04e: 01 b .) the :ponaJty of
life Imprisonment, wtle~t the 1~ \liolat:ed ~oea I

et-a

j'

~ .. lc

2000
20 0

MO ..:._ EXEcUTION Of'

PR I~C~!:.AL PENAl TJIE$.

OF THE ~XEC . - 0 OF

-. . _L_

I 11!

.I n~ maKe u~ oi lhe oomeodalur

pefl{!lt~ of
Rf'C

a. Pe-tpet

SERV ICE

Of: THE exeeurnoN A o -

or

et"'al t~:; e~t

CTIONlS

~NSA N ~ TY

ol

de.s'flfllr'Oo,
$m'Uitaneou1J;I~
wi

2007-"jl

1es Mil $0 .

Note : Tile foiiONIQ

nt:J:f:be

th~ na~ura

I
; A.i ~Suooen~ ,.,..;.;;, at .emenc..:.:.: . whOO the
I
I
~o :serve l:'to .or
p.,n.:J~tti!'9, he

SE:CllO . ONE. - GENERAL PRO\IISIOcN$.

1-M
.,..... -t-' susP-EN~SlON

1 oommilled tc a reforma Of'~ mstMon upol'l 1

1 aPJXD'Ia.: bY ~t'l e court Tnis. art(:le o nly applies.
' 't'dlen the apr..! J"',..al~n for sugpende<J Sl!tfl1ance is .
denied b~ lhe (..01.1 1'1: -:JJ white ~ tle- r~~orma crv I
]ns.1i~u 1or"J he b!:!c:orne:~ irr::..orrig.ble

CHAPTeR f i'ljrE
EXecurON AN'O ScRV1CE OF Pl::NAl. es

1 lmt'r'ledi~lety

Tilt

p~;

I CIVIl inmrdidioo;
c~ cation and fl'8'LT!!~~ ~f cost
t---t.-.........;;,....;;.....;S~ cCliiOH THR!:E. - PR<Cl\fi
.:..:S
- tO
...,._...,....
NrS
-1 COMMO:N I:N 'l'Hf L ASt TWO PRECEDING

1hi; ~e of J;;n!JliRBI r raoo~_!P_1Iitl{ .

anrj bo.nd to keep

h,

lN~IJa re Act o, IJ()6'Chil.d~en._~"!.P.. ...:t~~:F~

and1J>efoW 81~ DQT/_~om;j~red_CI'\lll'.it~ .~I\! .'

r- -

liftcation ,

ath penal\)' i!\ ru:1t (!;~" r::ul:ed upoo

;p ) A 'MJman Ylh1~ pregn~nt

b ) W!Ch1n one year trurn (:1~~~ (If ~lr1ery

of the I

I:20oe.
I

:v

~ex Pli~'W;to _
Nolfl!! --?~1 4

fttil.lon _.. ______ . _

1-r-c:.) Upon ~ petsc.~17o I"Bara CJid

I

---=V=oJid!Il!illl

~-~ of :offender oocUrs betore tini>l)u(lgment "

d.' A oom.'lt;:t who becomee. iNane- a er fi~

~ ....
ti-e n! e~t oun~ !n A1t. 79)
. --l'---...,...,..-l--:-----1
A.,. nesne~Jito
~ 1aoo
.X-1
87

~Any per.s;Q.n s'Dmsfllced to td~ll rro sJhaU

pJ~c;c ()r plil t;:BS.
dnign rated lrtJ .: ~CJiilif-e m:s-. nor
tlln lfhe
radi us tl'ti!roh, ~1PUcifi sd11 'Whrch ~Mll lbo not
li11Qf'9 lla.n ~0
nd n ot leas t han 215
~llometers
f
rQtn
ttfl(t
plarCt:! d esignated-It
1

no I!: b8 permitted to en~r th e

~ -~
I

1.

e.!!

3.) If a~ati d ted and after 1\nsllfy o11udgrnent

ady made)

I (Appeor ~~

and d;a:m.agaE. can be rec.01 rod

o m the &Ct;\_I!Sed .

. - Civ.i llo

Uamplae. of e:-.em.J)tMJn Lo 1he- abo'IG .rule-a:

1 ) l.n casas of indepen.:Jent Ctvtl .aclron& Yndar

Article 31-34., 1he Ci ..1il c.:xt~ .
2 .) '!J!Jhe1 m r-s is raae nt:~n ion of 1he filing of a .
1 &eparate ~ ~ion.
; 3 ) In ~ .and oamagea may be reco"ere<1
in a civJI .ec't.Jr!)f'l 1r based on e source o1
I obffgairo.n under Ar
1157 of the Ci~Jil Cade.
{L. ''" contracts, que$i COf\1~:; btrt nrn oo the
I."ISIS. ol delic1E)
4.) 'Nhon ~uinal i:3 t;:. (;l~d on .rgasooabla 2000

I
I

. ~~

V - 111 ttim~n al ca.saa

2000 I V-b
I

<ioube. or

when guilt h~

nc-4 be ,

IX

pr-oten

.ayoond u: &M..able- d oobt. (Art 29 . C11 il Cl)

~)

5.J At:.Qultt dlua to an exemp ng 01roo~ nro

insanity";

j 1 > It .:)Q:_:I.JSEof:t died before fliflal ,ud!;Jment Pers.on.;ll t.lr'l . pecumary

iab11 ht:=o~ ar-e; l)II' IY e-xtingui'9hed 'i~hen H)~ deiilth

after final judgment b1Jt

h Mahty bafure ~ dieQ

(}30, 8:tJ .~

E:.;11r'.QU srlo()d

pending spp.;tal -

rec:ovGroo If the accused has IHlen corwlelod

I AB~ll

1shed - Clvl lr'lmr rty and c!~~95

! llltdet the Re'l.liBed 1-'eJ\al COde can on~ be

..

C IV Il.

1 2 ) If s caused lii

. E~lrl

Th:oug:h Oes.tie~ ro C'ot!l:; oot in'IOIte

imont;anmen it is. nevertl)ei!Mis a d:epriYahon CJC
.iber1 ._ {P op.1!1~ Ab1l
6:_Phil 1""~':..:2:L__----'____ 1 __ _
ll'l.l: f'OUR
EXTfNCliOIN OF CRfM NIAL UAIEUUTY '
CHAP R O NE
TOTAL EXnNCTIO Ni OF CR IM~NAL
liAB.Il Y
--.-C-RJMl Ll - ~l.rr'Y-:- xt.in9ui shmi;n t
lOOQ- I.
:;:004 VIJ-A
1,}C,imina I liability is. e x llt'I9 1.J i::Ph~d by 1he death 2000
V-a
af tl'le cOn"Yicc
1992 I
2.) H .J\W:It,ar, taka note 1h~ t::nnnnal habJirty is. 19'00
V-a
'1/-t)
oot e~ l;nQI..rl&:hod wilh l he ~1!1~~ o.!_m.e affended 1900
P!!~ stn~:e 1he offanae committe-d iS iil -crime
aga1n3' 1ne ~li;ltf' (People ._.& r~ 1e.-ola .S7 Pl'lil.
I
I

i
=

2010
200--1
1997

XVll

lVA
XJI

Lr::~

Pareto
- 2014 Edi1'
- -(thJt~:::;

- r.n....

-- - - -- --

~-

T~~ De~th f~ech.19rl.lll

perpe

j te n,por:=.tl - 20 't &ars

.ia

~r r~du~;,T~:~ ~~I-";
~

Ic.} Corred1ona1

b.) AfflicCivs pt;l'li1Uies. - ?S

1:FIO$JJ

I
I-

2 ) Ctime uf

Jib~ -

1 yl?ar

.:>.) 0Iill delamation and sJan~r by de~ - f3

I
I ,.

be1ng

accus.e(J

- . The ~r~cr1ptiv perio<l' for .the Cflmc or 1Q~

1bigamy 1s cornputea From tha 1me the crime
w s dl$oo~~ered by the orr nd~ J)3r1'~. e

'

~ u ~h~it~e~ ~ ll'lair agent. Toe oonte noon U1st

. Regu5iiJ.')ttOn of the ~tecond m arria.ge :SefileS as
a ~~r\ldl't'e o4ice ~ no~ ten;abre TM
princpla of cooa.~t't.lcti\!e- n crioe does not ~~~
to th s csee 3S $Uch onl~ applies to land or \
i _ _ j p~arPJ. (Strl~ol"!!.a ve.. CA 233_Sf:RJ\_)5~

I
I

VI
V-A
VII

pr~fl'lg:s

I cormc!ed (Jt

2005

XVI US
ni..J

REGAR.OtOO C' VIL UAB!lilY IN 2005

111 - ~a

E ry per~ on a - ally II bl9

o eivill~ a ble-

a re~t.Jn)' i$ 20 10

Cha

o.9Hf_ES
I~LTV OF

age.nto
l b ) It ~ anterrupto(!ld by 11".e f.a.!1ng {:( 1:,e camrknn~
or nfcml;:)lron
1 c.)
con,mance:s. to rvt'l agoln ~hen judtCtal
Wl=ho ut
a< uiUed

-~-

.1

20('.19
COf'r'lrnenL:es to rvn ani)' fTOOl t he d y he 2il04
crr..'he tS
~ISGo'IJ'e({1d by 1he aHI!ftded 200n
p-arty the .au~horlties or 1heir

1e1min~te

moolhS
~ .H:!9.rl offenses .... 2 mcnm'S

I~.}

- 10 ~e-a.rs e>!Cept

puno~St..a~ by arresto '"~'~~or ~'-'hkh $har. 1

p re$Cnt:;-e 10 5 ye~r:s.

. "il

perna li ~

~e~m:

INAL.

Cti.APTSR1Vi0

NOTE A judgment oroering Ute tlcru ee~pay ~

P 50.000.00 for e~ch ooun of gape ~r 10
coonti s valid :s
Gc:Ch counl ~ Et di'sllf'ld
I ~looious ad s
mould M p~d
i (jlffererl!y. -------=-=--- _ _____,,__

I
1

1
.

:!
1:

Art.' RU

'.1 1 ! C ER

AINJ CASES.

COUI1e. SJ'If.tll de1ermne- in sc..unc!

dJ.'Scr~iO...f), ha proport!Q'\Cite arT'Dl.lllt ~r ~.Yhich
ear..h one shatll ba liable- .

.The

JJ

I" -:

I
I

In CMP

I
I

I
I

Ii

e
Aft.
10G

bernet 1
ed

.
i

I
I
I

II
I
I

on i:R r19913
.
I

- An empla.yer Jraa;t incur !:1-ub~iarJ' liability If

JUd 1"11Snt ~ been r.enderoo ag ainst hiS
empl~ for .a crlt"nl! camm11:1e<1 an tr.e ine1den1
e~IO')'msn . al'tli tha~ s.!!ild jL"\1 t t: anr.ot be
ss isf
becau5.e o1 ~he inSCJivent";' of saki

X.I

.I
i

.--; ~~~ee~-fiiare .t.9 na .rteet!

that

the 8~~ 1

':CRII\ ESAGAiiNS.lTNA"IitOHl~\... SE.CURJITY

SECl'tiJN D'J4E.. - TiFUSASONI ANU

be imph!ar:Jed ME t~Or'{l jOOgman c:en be :

sati9f~ecl. { 8amph? a.f 1tli:s Is, ~t lvQ:f-'UW nar

UP ONAGE

1Art.
-" -+-A-Ie~,.J;i____,~n -o..,..
f ..,...
tr~ n. - EYer\' per'$ on ~ 2.tl1 0:
11~ ~ lleg- nce m (thO: Lkllted $t_ajaa) the

R:ESTITUfj.QN: HOW MAOE. -.

Ad.

Tile rBStftulion at the ~hing rlael ~ be

whrt:ns\I'>Br possible-_ Wih alkn.~Yanoe ror
a:ny r.t'e'txl!tiO r-atn on, or d :tlill ution cf value as

GOBmment o=-

. _._t!i!'l.QI - $ell ~II b_~ ~m~.j ,eJ.gn ~~_gi:Jj~

. ~ _Jg!J~ .._ h poo~iQ9 .of. a hi~ .P~gn
~JIG haE- E;l.~ u ed it cy la\~ ~f'l$ 1 $a Aing [}
the lat1e-r h ~ :;~ctlon against the p rope;t p<i:J'Son,
: who ~"Rilly be liable t.o l'lim.

005

11-2

~on .

SC11J014 TWO. ~ P!t:OVC\JJNt) WAR A . IE)

i
mSLOVALTY ~N C AS Of WAR
.__.,.i___,s~E=c,.-roNJ r KR ~ . - PIRACY~
AN!:.!.
o:.,;.:;.;..~m
~~
~.,...._

1-----4 .

TtJ.i:s pt"Ovisi.:.n is nO'I Pt)liC'.able in cates ""'

whtch Lt~ ~hing has. been .at.".Quired by he 1hira
1
peo1'50n In the manne( Md under ~t'Je

.Art.

for

'Wl-IAT Cl'tlll liASilll'Y ~N CLUDES

--r--~-~EViSEtf.PE.NALcooi:: ~
F

_l- -

PENAi HE~f . -- -

f l'l'l~ 0 ~

CR~M E$ AGA~NST

A OINAL. SEC UJUTY

ANO T HE LAW OF' MAT~Ol"..S
<C HAIPTIER OJ.JC:

ElamEml;;:

i'liOr

are- they pSSangCt.Q. of ~ \!easel;

S.)Offe'J!iderE COO"Jmit

BOOK 2

-----CRIMES A. 0

HIG!f-!1 SeAS OR ~N P~I UPP~NJE SEAS

P ~lfll 1,1.1~ers ;
2..) OJtertdet'$ ,er:e not m f.M'JbefS of the vaS'Ii-el

LJJABIUJY

: . - ,-

122

PIRACYTN'.6eNeRA.l. A.NJD MUlii_

N_
Y O_N~r:-:-H=E~w
=
oo::- vi:1

1_) Th ""as~a~ l e-on lihe h igo so as or m

!EXTI~tf4CTION ANO SURVIVAl OF CIV~L

..

OM TtHE H&GH S9.~

~---! ib;i!ec:a~t~!')'. . t-HAPTif~"iWo - ----- - -- --,

or

dilaclo&tt iUltd ma ~e known too ~ ,

$0~
as tpessibiO: t!:l ~h e: gQ~Vemc r a~ fltiv:JI ~ ~e
ptOWI"Hlf!J. 0
ma;,oor or fMictil Of . Cft)i IK'I
. . - , ! F8Side:s. 3$ the c:ase r~ 11'/ el sh
be
punl. he4 8~ an lilCCmi &(I ry o- 'the Cf iA~ of

. CHA.PTI:R.lHREE-

~hG: Pl111~1ne ~llds. , \yjfh~

a"

di3ttmnineo !)y m
he oourt

-- -- .

XXI

being a f&.reignct, ~l'!d hS.'I.Iing knovbtdge

' oonFtpii'SC)' again.st lilrteml QOnoeals Of !Ieos. not

ade

: reqtJirerne.. ,L5 'flhk.h, by 1~'.'11. bar an ~ian

er of the ~

.actt~ :

a.} f~'
li.),)

ek Clf $Eliza the vrdt!WI

seize ~he ..~assai in

le m
l)al1 or "rt of it5 cargo or
eg
nt or ti'Ja personal
269

t~r. .f'.~tQ ~ .~ ~ 4 Er1Ki0fi ... __ - - - __ --- - _____'tf-QhmJ!

CHA?i:CR. ONE.
AR~TMIRY DeTENTION OR

'EXPUlSOC!IN,

VIOLAllON

OF IOW~LUJ<iG2 P RJOHIIBilrJCJ;N,
' . RiROPTI:ON, AND
OJSSOltmO. OF !P.EAC FUI Mf!H\1 . GS
ANO~R
S

Element$
~ .) The- Je5!:$f!l IS on the high &aa:s cr in

Philippine- W;iWiet"S.:
2.} Ofienders may be -or m;:\)' not be mambeP"S
Of
the "1/!BE.sel nLX 01 j:IMSoei'I{Per~ or the

I.

Art. i AREiiliRARV
12ll> .

.. .

i 3 )~m.ler5 rommit eo.rthe~ o-f the rollw1ing

Note: 1"'1'1e- ~bli t offiver or smpfO"fBB muse hate

.
b=I~J~~gin..:.;l or ~he- ~!rt!!n gr3r.s .arao tha crew
14.) The abo.ve ar.t~ 1J.r3S COillrr"l rt.1a!j ~.mh the
1 foJrowing.:

-1

XJI-a

I11'be vower to delasn.

of ir~ c~!)o or fl}Quipment or the per::~ona 1

9 !n

-or in part or

,pen

I
I

DETE TION

1.) Offender is a public o.ffk:er or el'n'pklyee

.2..) He deiairt s e pet"SOii
3. ) il'lu
mnoon is without legal ground::.

' ;;it;ts

a .)At"1:i!C:: ~ .or ~ize tha r,~es::.e l

b ) Se12-e ~ 1/e~el i-':1 Ahole

AJNO EXPULSIO

I El8m.e11ts:

~l!e~l ;

ii

A~AJNlST Rl:UGIOIJS W0~$1 1~P

S!e:CiiON OME. - ARBH'RAIRV Df:;TENttlON

1he!f ha\le !M!Izeo ves

by
boar-ding or ing upOf'l 1he !$~;
b.t Vilne~~~tr tt.a pi rai sE. h ave- abandoned
their vic:tims. withoo mean-a oi :S8'r.ling
themS;el\les_or
c .) 'INh et'le'J~ the crirrm i:s aGC0111p.anied by
mu~r, t~ oml t::ld e: , Pl1ys.k:al inj ries or
rape.
---- - .

- Three ~ o1 eommll1ir'l') arbitr~rr :moo

1"

1- t

deo"lectiQn:

.a. ~ \~'~hlenever

c.} V\lhen

p ubl~

o~er

-or

611p1o~.ee
~~i rJ.B.. f:1
pe~ n.
wi.~ ~ ~t Jegal. 9!"0.UIJ.~. as providad

Vil-a

for under 1tlis anicle ~

tl .) \fih'te n the poo Iic r:JflioM m
fi(J'JPIO:!"-el!t del ay~ in deli... ~
Cfet3in~ pert~ OI\ to ti'\e P'O r
Lvdlei I &ttnoriMs (Ste '"'ot(!s. Art.
~5):

Tffl.E TWO
C:.RII E.S AGAINST TH-E: fUNDAMEt...~J.l
ILAWS Of THe SlrAl"e

e-.) V.ttu:l'l
;:) p!Jtllc; ~ftee~ or
e!l"ipiCJ~e- de_l;jl~1!;1; =lw rele9e cf s

271)

C~Mpwr

m- Gr'fmirraJ law

271

____ .

pcr:sOr~ whon 1h~~e !~ _ a j!.!_dip~ ~r f1;1r ~~m to dp.!Q, (.All . "J 20)

ar19 ounds ror de1~ioo

-"The
or any

I _. I
.1

2006

____
.. .::.:VAA=::~
. ~ite:~,~,Z:,.!!!m

--1

Ut.-2

slon o a ttimiJ, or violent Insanity

oth e~

.p1lmenl requiring the oon-t:;>WSr:.tty

pt~tJel"'t '' a ~al, s.NIII
oonsid'ered itagal g r~
io1 the -detentq)n
Ql.any oerso.n." (P 2 o M iele ?2-4)

confinement of t ,

~tG; '"Enforce disa p~~ com:m~ by 2 000

m ill r1 o fficera may oon~itl.tl il't arbitral)'

J-3

de tentl~.

0 aAY rN -iHI!:r OEUVERY O.F [}EfAI EO

PeRSONS TO l~ PR
R JUDICIAl
AUTKCRffiES11

IELr;Me
I

rs.

1.J Otlencjer s. a pOOl~ -off~e.e.r Of e'I"'.J'Ioyee

2.) t-Ie hu a~a lned a persoo ot a fe9a l

gm u
3 ) He f~ to dello~e r such perEon t() 1he
propet JUd~ial a1Jthontle!So Wtthif:.
A.) Ughl
penal~
or
he1r
equivak!m- 12 hour$
B.) Correction penalli ~ or t ~ir
quivalene - 18 ~u r s.
C. ~ A
~a
penalties
or
lhe1r
e
lent - 35 tloors

'It
'

f.)

tNO'Ie

~...xr doe:; not

SECTION THREE.

~Ahen.

I
I

f .)
g.~
Chapt~r. f/f

lhe COLJr1 S ~ tlosed

ll 'he rte$t Is. by vrt!~ of a

- GrrtmnaJ /;:rw

PMOU8 1n ON.

."'"ERRLJP'l110N
ANO DI$SO.LUltON O F PEACEFU

itteel1NGS
:21J

.. .

. ,.

. .--=::....

. '!"~..

-- ~

I ._

sEc rlciN Fo"uR. .

_... .

cRIMEsAGA INSr

.~tl~!Ou;:~E~s -ltP

~ex P8P3trJ Notes -.?IJ)1. ~Qrr_ ___ --- - - - - . -- (QI~~Jt!

--1

.. _ _ - ---[-.. _

CRII\lES A.QA~N 5 T P UaU C OROER

ClliAPTER ONE
_ Rl:61: . ~IQN, ~-~O~T~~ A __ l! rn_SLOYAl.l ) ' .. I-----Art j REBE LU O
'OR ~NSURR CTION, HOW 11991 11-a
1 4
I COMM~TT D.
I
13
A
- ~et-e111~ con nov. be compJexed wil.h 1998
j .;;Onltnon c:.r1me& hy- vil1 ~ of 1he amendiJltnjs !
j n R-ep Ac1 No 696.8, pr-omulgalbd 10 Oc:l~r
I 1 s~. ThP.o ifUiingg. I People- ''&. Hllfl"~ r'ldez, ~~
j Ph~ 515 , 1 ~0J and En~ ro S~2ar. ~,$'&
1 SCRA 990} are no- l~ar con ro;i11"1!)

- - - - - - - ~e a~ !.. LIO N : .cooP ofl AT

P.-.. r ., cr ~f -rnn; IT-J~~~ a i - ~ ::."...ll ~ui;ld:
C::cmw l !;!;~n_

l)i~'lt~.'

cr rf truTIQ1:;11

. pU!Jit: u p 'l sm~

- u~ al OYms .
- \Mitl f.:.r~ ;;nj

Ctl~"~ 'b e

ro u"t'I IJ1i!O

ei1-g "ill

.,.1~1?-.'ll: rt

51m.JII IS1~~Y
Thru ~INI'rn

il2004

.X.-1
2[102
XIX-A
19R(l ; V-1
:1 19CJo1 : 1-b
I

n 01

b:J

II p.a~Qj;:lil~
the

C"J~Gt

I i .att~

()1

mlfoo.'Y

~~~~

I A..rry Ih ns
I ~hi""""

I purpoH
1

r.e L'd

s.~r.JI~:gp .

I!

s;t eO'lGtl It! re&TI'

t,IK:Jic n.:e or

Memtltore rJ u-.e
P'tl ht:J!!, IT'I ..- lafy 01

b~ pu~n:

artn:W!JI!. 1!19

~ 1 pnr.::~p..1

II

I
.

~-

Qft.:!l!fl!rr.

DUtp ;)(.; r'r!U:I..f,o84j I

!he , .U!A1Cfil ie!:J ~ 1hl" '
'kl ;

i rej;u:ll.: !5U:t1

J ml l,~ iUi,..

cam p

~ Ir.~
~--N
----~0~~~
~~
~~
~--~
~~~~----~
IA.I'J'

tt:lfllllil u~ ~DW ers

~n~~ r;m{l , 40estabi1ze

~ .a; '.'>~Hh 9t " r;:ryjyit'fl

go,. et n11"18 nl m '!l Q"JC:IT'fl1 1)
~~~~~~----~----------~1

COUP- D'ETAT f REBeLLION - 11 U'l ~e t;,

2003
com.pkacy betv-leen he cffen.10rl5. eun mtn"'fj
h.e COOp d'91at ~nd tt' Olf'cndefS (:QR . ting
=he reb ion . YJ~!'! ~_e r~ is .a tomp ~ .;t~.me
o.f CS?~.P dJet.at nd rt bcOiQp ~ c008plfaC)I 1
tJ'W) atme ot oc-.e !~roup 1$ tne crime o- 1he other.
two crimes ~fe e~$n,ial~ drffa.rent and
:PU~ d 'J\lith d i~1it-.ct penalties

I
I

X-I>

1
1

.. --- ---~- .2~~~~31!~ - -

j "'NJ1;M;d)' .

11

IUegal poBses"3ioo of firearms and ~li:PIMi'JieS. ~

1990
~nd .other c.oJl'lmoo cnm.es 1s daomed absotbe.J
in the rebeliicn if it is a netl Ml
mean~ for
the- perp6'trn.1jon of ruci1
j

~ 1 f=lA
~utin .
tJ nliC ~=~"' fire;a~rn
rebellion. ~ 5-Bid

e{lmrn..~nder ....Jho- snot hi.s

~ltercalion ~ .c~n

t 990

XV-b

1"'1

t;:~noo t be -char-ged v~ h
ad 1s not f l.lrther fi(:e of

eti10n ~ iSI charged wi' h he cri 1e o t ~

_ _ _ rnurder or hom1c:1de aa Ina ca:se ~ ~ ~
_
1
Art. :. COUP D'ETATi tfOW COM
0
- .1--:99
-=-.,~ --;...,.1-a
~s-es 'Iallie in A
:34)
j

1;;- I

~ex Parelo Nates: - 1014 IWitiOn

r-"- -diSturb

~1-Coull d"et.Bt '~ith ~he use of an w,lloena.ed...,....,-......,

199
....,6 --r-V--2~1
1rearm - (See no1es In RA 62!$4

COUP D ETAT J SEOim(J~ -lht!ore can be .a 200:'$ . X-C

cornp lin: c rimB' oi roup d1eh1t ~li lh sed.ffi oo I
i
1
use !he 10 aimes. .; e$S~ di:fersnt :
~
=-----1--'a...........:::.~- 1~h6d WlittJ dtstinct ~ltl~s. =--------~.,. .,. . . ,....,....--+--~
1

~m..

OR

PeNALTY

REBEL uo
I!NSURRECTION OR COUP IO'trrA T

31

2om

Gotllf dretaL

~JS

I Same .cfoc.mne
1

,C+tAP!EMTWO
CRIMES A GAl ~ _ ST

'

POPULAR

SlE1CTIO!Nl ONE_--. CR~ I\tES A,GA.If4Sl

ILEGFSLA TLrVE OODlES, ANIO SU\tiLAR.
BOIES

11
;

f .A.ri- - S~DI ~ ONi HOW COMMITTED

3. LMi:ing1 iPUbeshltlS 1 Or arru1 ling Eurri.'ous

h1B ag~ ~"~ Go~....ernr'n~t ot an.' of he
du oon& uted authoritie$ ~l'le~eo,, WhiCh tend
itJ dist.urb p~ic peace, <Ur who t<n~11ing ty l
CVr'IOOilll
such e t l:l piBCti~

.X~X- B

.- . -

-,-

oo.

IReMESENii"AflON

wn.o,. ti"J)s reboet;J~n, b~';norocth':l:t~ ~r coup

d Ot.;Jl :s hall be urtdiD'r t ~ c c O'm mandl o f
on rw.-w11 iidms~ any perso111 . t'1;0 in fact
d ren d 'Ow otherB. spoke lOt' thoo sig ~ od
race pts nd G
r documens ~~ ~ ~ irt
tl'lelr 11am
parformedl a im I ;at{!ts 1 on
rnbe ls. sbaU be -deemftd
1 ibah If or 'Ur
. laa.d"er C~l :6U'Cih '"' ,ObOmDll~ iMUrfi!Ctlon, Olf .

the PUbliC pt1

... _ - - - - - -

.-

J'

-..., sE:en QH TWO. -

V~OLA 1' o ~

'

OF

PARLIAME T.A AY IMMU . llTY

1 - - + - - - - C~AP.TER iHRcc - - ~ LlEGAl

A$Sir -BLI S ANO

AS$0CIA l'tO~ S
Crna~tot Fou r
ASSAUl. T U ~ON, .ANO RESrsTA CE AND

-.

OISO EtnE CE

asked see dr;scuss'on 1~A ZOOJ 1 :X.-a

Oi PERSONS

quesoon 2003 - 1!);:

IN AUTHORITY AND lH
AGE S

IR

- -

2000
2000

1. Inciting others ~Oo be ;Jt':C(Irl'lpllshmrm of en~

of the
!i Yil'hich c.o~i ute sedi r'l by means
of Spegi:;hes, proc.IBm:;II:JOrl$, ,,..,lrmngs, emblems,

! .)

O((Mtror

a.} Mlilkes an aual!lk ct

o.}

e tc.

mpiO'!fS 1otG.O f'J:I

e.) M

.es serious ~n ation ot

d.) Make~ sol'IOuS ~istan oe

.20()'2

Nf..a
VII

200

XV

2001
2000
1995

,993
ChapUN

m- CrirtJanat fLJW

276

Cha-prer m- Crimn'l&lt'IJ

VIlli-a

XV

Vlllb
~

xvu
117

_____ _\lOOH?1e UJ

or2J

Per<::t:.in
l!l e p-3r~n ~rt ~~1norlt~o-~ 0~
his agent, (Arw p&rson woo c.om&s rQ rn.e BKJ.~! 1
ol
rhf!l pilf"S00 fn :_,mhDnty shaf1' !I~ dee.rnad / 11$ 1

assatite<!

00

, ~nf) ..

,1 3 ) That at 11'le

tul~

-of the as!S.aul, the pef$01' 1n

at.~lhori.ty or hiS ~gel'lt i~;:

a ) Epgaged iln

.a!S-~a..,Jitmg

I,

00

-0

.esaault.
1~l

'Pro

~---.

facto di:red

P .

NS N. .AiiTHOFUTY AND AQENTS Of

Pt:R.SONS I Al:ITHOOnY; WHO SHulU Be
DE:E eO AS SUCii.

Vlll:a

'PERSON ~ AH'JiHOfUI"fY OR 1HE AG EN $

OF .SU C ~ PER.SO N

20) A barrio ~n and ~ QaJ'an!)i!t~ chaim'l

eulhorityo

snail a le.o be ~emed ~ p.erson

~0)

A parson who, by (llrect pr'O\Iialoo of hnv or

by election or by appoilnlm~t 'by oorn etent I
~urhority, Is; pharge wr~- he J"!~int{lt'lartee gf
ub,ic ~( !!_nq theo _p ro~ ion ~ ser;u~- r;;rf
life .and _~rty, such. a~ 3 banj.c counc lrnanl

- A person
a tr:!:aChE:l end a p9tSI)fl
Y.tho romes 10 her aid by re.as.on of he I
1
tea0h8t'--s. performanof.!l Of pa al pGrformanoe 1)f
~ hi? offrclal du'lie'9 comm~ the :2 coun~~ of the I
1 crime o-f .cl1
recl ase.aul ~
t 1

, __ _ _ 0

p;~r&cn In aut'horiY' I~ n~

whe'th.er .e1> an md.Niduat o t 3S a menlber of

son'l
CDUri 01 goverMlenml corporation.
tmaid I Ol oo mm i$.S Lon,

o1 pes

Ooffender lkno\~ hEll the one n~ is

a~uU!ng ia B purtiOn in ~uh cmt y 01' his agert
in me !:JI!ec"tisG of his ~ UtleEro
, 5 ) That 1herl3' is no pu~ir- up ri$in!Jio

_ _ _

1.) An'J person ditecU!f_~~~-~1!11 jut i~~ . 2000

th~ actu al .P~ anoO{I (l'f h~

olfioal du~l~ or
b)
e Is 89Csuftad b1/ reason
~rfOrtilt)l'l~ 1)f ho offid
d mas

-+

_ _Vul~!

ln!rrio po!:oeman and l>ara~g1"1 iaa.1er

y person who comer.:i
p.Glf'S(Ins. ;n uthority, shfil! bed
of n rJersoo 111r 3ulhDrityo

~- J

1goo

.I

a.

he- ad Of
''~ an :agen

1
:

l ) A pernon in Ulhcrit.y or 1S ageft'l i:s

n9 ed 1n the paf'lorrn;;u-..ce o& o ~ CJ i dut'i m
glv~s. a fs\\1tll Qrde r 10 the n ffender
2' The offernJsr" re:!itists or ~tloug,ty- disob~'(.S
such p6lSOn 1n t'lu,honty or h1S agent.
3 ) The Ed 04 tN: offa'lder does n ~ tal unOer
I he proo~i~:~ions. o4" Art '48 - 151.;.)

- U:sin:g force or
C!Jepler m- CnminaJ Ja~

vio~nce

or. an agent of a ~
Cfraprer m- Crlnl insl law

lN

lex_f?areto Noleg ~14

Lex P.erefu Noifi.S.~. Z914 & Iitkln - _, _ __

. -- _ . __ --- ____Vc fumJ!J~~

f.ditu1r.

the. .iccu~ COfl1fJ"'~il::$-8"ieic{iv ...~ "ieN

rllkln:r 0( delhre.P)'or-~ rl~o r fiOm Jail i!lo nOl :200Q X:'

\1~-B
onty c:ot~rn mitte<J ttr tetlKWCI'l!j1 ill pe r~ n 201);,
T'h(t

o r _pe l'\.8ll

~ @tll i~h ~_N

ebout t_
c ser'l't! $entenc:e ar
om
nsOflt.
r---~;;.;.;..;..,1;..;..;..;;.;;
-

'.:

comml ted o j31l

m1so C('.dVR iL1et.i tty hell)ing in me esc:ape of
but ia

Art. EVASION OF
~:57

C ~APTf::R

1I

2000

"I

I
I
- If a perscn vi:Jiel es the rerms of ~he- santenoo ~ 19'98 j X-2
of d.estH3rrc 1-.lS r:c~n be held hable 10t e\J~SioFI of
I
sen~tc:e o f 51mh~flc.u: ,v1'Jith IS 3 eontint.J1
fl9
off &e !')(~ can be r,.r~ec u1etJ ~!\~'here he w~s.
arres.te<:l ;3d"ld 1flh ... te the tem'!$ or hi9o ~le noe
rOil'lll:..t:.~~.!!~. f~ .9:1~------ _ - - - 11-- - - + - - --l
:

ElE."' El't4TS:

l ,) ih"t 1he treasur, or br@nk notes -or cert

~APlt:~ s s ~,s~
COMM~:SS IONI OF ANOTHER C:RI ~E
llUfUNG $E ~V.CE 0 P F;NJ~.l
IM~SED
F'O~ ANO,THEA PREVlOOS OFFENSE

-~

ui9 i . ix~ ..

,(;RiM.E

OIJftiNG S t:RV~CI:: Of PI~NAL TV ~MPOSD

F=OR A 0 HE A. OFfENSE. PENAlTY.
'[..().l!)r.lf1:;

a feb n:,o i:; no1 a qua Iii

onjy -o~ whl!tf"l

Chapter Ui - Criminal (~"rw

--------------~~--~

~~~

- A p-arcJe e. I,!IJ ho

-f-1

I reddi'list . a uasi-recidi vi:im

ONE

I
I

Otfet'!Oe r 4 ooflvlct ~ flflel ,~,~ c.Jgmern

2 - ~ tie is, ~Nin g his. ~n em;.e Yhch c onai!iis fl dri "-'~11on of liber1)

oo

----

f O RO E l't l ES
.SEC HONJ ONE. - rORG1~G llHE S IUlL OF
l HE ()()VI::rttN ENf Of THE
PHIUPPINE llSLANM, TIHE :S.!3NA1'URIE OR
ST A.MP OF THE CHlleJF iXECUTNE.
- SECiiD T\0. -- COUNTlERfEI ~NG - I
C01 S
I
$EC'Ii'ION -TH
_R
_I:_e_. .....
.::..=.:.F:.:.
O=RG~NG l'Re AS-URV I
1
,OR RANK OTES. O BU GA.llON:S AND
SEGUR1TIES; IMPORil G AN:O UTT1E:RU'4G
fFAI...$E OR FORGED N011ES.
I

1
_ lt;)B LJGA 110rN5, A N,R SECUFtiH~S. ___ ~------+--.
:-:Alit
-=-..-+-:I,.....,
Lt.EGAL.. POS:SESStoNl A~O USE OF ,
!
I
I
. $8
f Al SE T:r:EASU~V O R eA K N!OiES AND
OTHER ~NS TRUME . s oF R01T

~Cie: OF SENJliNCE
S<ERV

CoM0.:;1$S~Ot4 - Of- . .i!Non-H::"F'l .

~
-----,

t .)

- -: .
r

..

C!RIMES AG AINST PUBliC I . TEREST

IH.!eiMI:!Nl 'S ;

T-

'

3.J l-Ie e JB.:Ies t he aervios of hie Eiienl enoe by

e-sca.pi~ during 1tle telm ct hia ~ -

vilb?n he e~c:EtpeS

TITI..i ii"OU ~

p ~rwn (ll,l , ~id ~ thQ ~ e e.ts:blishment b~ meaRS

or v~l e nce. in(imid alioo 1 briber)' a nd en:,- ather

CHApreR s~x
_ -~~V.~Sl_ON ~ SERV'iCE Dr Sl:ii1TEUCE

- 0.. ~- -

; ."tl99
Xl ll.-b
: 1'999 xm-e
c::1 ~e

.
o r l)!jh!?J cbRgaliOn and rertiiicattl ~fl!lble. o .1
bearer o r an~ it"tS r1,1msnt patf-i!i' le 1:Q order or 1
Qther d ocum n erf cre.d ~ ROt pmtta ~ c baarif:!:f
is ~

or ra.sl.fled

b ~ aoolher.

2.) That thll.l' [>ffe nde~ k nO'! /$ tl'lat any of these

m rumE:t"'t$ are forged o0r 1tl ifled
3 .) Th~ me following e ~t! t~re performad:
il. )lhit'g of en~ such 101ged cr fal&rfi;Sd
~"JS.11'1J meot
1
1.).) Pa a.~ee&ion :~nd ~ 1.o u5fl' any of 1t..e :

. - ---1

r--t- i

forf!ed or f~.l.:ll~i e d -d ocu~nt!- .

-Mere po:;seasiur1 .ii'! lonl3' cf t~l~e 'treasury Qf :

ba
r10tes t.\1 1t1'"'ll~l 1nisnf 0o ~ !$& i1 is. nol
punishBOie Hctvt.oevel' 1he: fact of pos."S il!Ssion
may be ldiaate u11... i to Lflt(!r, whim is
sufficienl o oonsunvtl ;t1~'"- h13' cnme ~ ilk!gal
, --~_Q~ea9.1_Qn_ gf fa_!~-e_n_'2!~S
. -- - .

. HO'l.'lJ OR.GERV IS COMMITTeD

1999
i &9
1](18
1 ) By Ql\llif.lg -.a lreasut~ or b
no~c or any

lflstrum ettt p.:1yable to bl!tarer

to

Cfdar

'

the

Oi a true 8!l'MJ nuil'l!B documen.

2'.} By emslr"l. , :Sub-slit-till ~ or s l1ertng 'I any
. rne~nlS he rtgur6ti, letter$ 1 ,yOrrl:s or SIQflatur 5o
~ppea ra.nce

_~_;':~~~ tn;;;cR. -_ liALs,FitArioN -o~

!l

PUBliC~

If-~

E~CIA

GU1lA TN I
COM
L. AND
PRWAlE oocuMENTs. AND MRElESs.
1
. Teu:~~P~ _ AND TEU.:~Q E .. E:SSAG ~ . ______
I
A
!
FAL..Sif !CATJON BY ~urauc os=r:-rc~R . 2009 x --:--1
71
1
EIWPtovee
oR
NorA:RY
oR 1999 x111-e
. EC Cl.JESIASTtC MINISTER
1gg3
X

I
'

j A-c

puni"SI'tedl; (how comml&di)

any 2008

2. C.ate~ ns it to &Jl1Pte3 t that p-eF$01'$ ha'i'e

tP<iU'fwfpate~ in an y ac1 or 5'roc:e~.U n g Wh&n

they did rtt>t ijn fact sc pnrtlci pate;

rpar$(1

acl

or

tfltsm~

.
4 . Ma nrg
fli t

'5.

llJir\tH!llhtut

fiU~

oms

ilil

nlon ofmcl!ai

AlltOrin~

trw datasi

6. Mslklng 111)" .a tiiltidioltl or jrde:rcaht on in ~ !

gecnl,dtte dotu
nt w hi ch ch:alilges Jm, .i
m asllilinQJ'
'

7. l&&ui ng ~1'1 ~" o;lJU!thcnttletJttcdl form a

dOGument. [!llilrpQ'~Jlg: to b
Copy 0 aif1
orl.tilfNII docu
nt w~n no ~th Ofigin<i111
e~i.tri8 . o r inclu;ding, n
tr,C
- OQ;p)' a
,t,a
e t co,n~ary 1o. or d~fki;rcm t frCJM. t11a
of til-o .g}bnt.Jiina orlgimd~ or
. 6 . lnmre;a~atl;t~~g !1!1111)'

in&b'ument or no1te
I rs!atwteo to
i Gs ua;nc.g lbeiir aof in s
rDtccol
.J~.t .. or orfficJ 1 b>O~.;..,~=
-:"!""=:'~':-:-"~~:-r-:-:---1
I ~!fl. fAL.SIF1C.!\TtoN DY P
-RIVATE JNDIVIIDUAl ~009 I X
-n A I!) USE 0 FAL SIIFIIEO DOCUMEN!fS
2000 . X\fi.l)
1993 I ~
1992
a
Bamen1a:
199 J 111-a
. IU-b
.) Ofiender i$ p1lv:ate Inti i uil'll ~t public 199
oMoor who did net ske- ad \loil nl~se -of rtt~t official
po&fffion.
.
.
2.) He- e.ommitte.-d any ~ af rale1rw::a11on UJ"((er
.&\rttcte 171
.
3.l The r'al:!iil'1cali0n 'i'JaS romrmted in a p1.1bhc,
offlcla!l Of e<~mmerd dorumant.

x..

1,
CoY!(Iterfe rtf)~
orr
l:tn latin(}
lhandwlitin:g., slgna'tU't'G of' rulbrle :

3. AttrJb.JUn.g to
1p.all11\cfplaited lo a n

~--~--~--~~~ ~~---~---

slatements' other th~n UUt$C l11- ~t mad1 by

hii!'V'O
pro4:e-~dlJ ~

who

-r --::- .-he

.Ia ' r: re sumes 1 at the pC.sses::-;Of. 9gg. 1 I Xm~

and uM:tr ot faiSJ'Ii!M documgnfs. 1s t~ 19"tl7
X!~l
1
~X~e \ ho falsdiecf &uro. fP.eople- '/$.
Se>ndaydtego, 81 SCRA. f2(l)
In "he c;r
ot fel~l~~1.i on of ~srclel 992
XI ~
r:kmumetlt, dsmsrge .or intent oo cause 1
damsg;e Is not necessa:ty. sin(,e ~
t ie.

-- ..v. . .rume U1
- -I -

_d~ ll.J(:tiOn

--

~cTION r NE. - FAts~FJcAno or

MEDICAL <GERTI ICATES,

CE!RTIFI CA S OF M~RIT OR S~RV ICES
-~A D l"H!E LU<.c .

. lrtducernent.dnd d t:rer..:~

o rH
I

F A SlfiC.AnoNJ.
ct-t.A PTE~ 'r"'o

F ALSU~ ICATJONS

___ I u sr= ()r l'rAME~ UN~r;oRMs A . o lNSG llA.

I . ~ SECTI~N 10 _ F'AI.SE"TESTIMOMY
Al1 , FA ~SE
ES
0 V FAVORABLE TO lHE
1

r
I

.
=

200$

a!_;!~l'l ar ~~r;JP4 .} That the ~Wool s sremsm o r fltf..Qill._-it

, Con~~~~ t:tJCn or ;fKquit1al o1 da-fend',p:nL is oot 1 199:4

i sc~$ary r.n Q(der tha an offender be d\arged
: for !hi~ crime Tr1tt prc::.ecut :)n dOE'!I nOC even
1t'tave 11., p.ro ..e w hiCh of 1he l'f;o coo.fll ct~Ag
t ~tJmon1es. 1!5 true-

sr iMONYINci v.ri -cAses-

-.----

~sssrted

i)t a 1, 1'997

1 Q.2 :

The. w 1llfu1 ralsehcod

--~
-t--. :..J

fENOA NTS

...!..rc. FALse r

- ....

XIV

2008
A) A.
s tement uncser Q.:14m
(F ~l sl~y1ng u
r o ath) or
B.) Exec.uted an affidavrt upon 3
rnateriell ,..1a:U r (f s t:se aff-td :;~vit)
2.) Tl131 the :staterw.:'.l'lt Of mttidavll was. m adenefot a rompetent officl!r au .ho:nz:ed ~I)
re:;etVe and adminiser o::.1h
3.) That l!'l that s.~emetl1 or .affidavit the 1 S%
aoc~ I r\ada- a Wil.lful af'IO Cl-tJ hbQra~ta

-i-

5EC . ON =- USUR PA110 0-r

AUTHORITY, fil ANK~ Tl ~I A NO IMPROPER

II u~ I0

II

1 ) f hsl ~he actu$Cd made:

f . l eN DeO lFQR THIE. COMMISSION OF

1

j XIIe

DerrtiCJQ..a!!On ~ .

G ments:

JMPORliiHG ANO POiSSESS.IOH OF

1
~ . STRUMSNTS OR J . PL EMENTS

_ --

There is oo crime r..rt subornafion or 199-:: J.

per:JLU)'
If one induces r'l ~h 13'J' ccommlt J)(l~ury. bo(h ~ue CJlilrged w1th
p4ain "~ LII)' . " {As
nn.:;i~ls
by 1

-A
=--r:--t-..,.
t FA
- 1-SE TES.l iMQNY IN OT!1R CASES A D
18! PERJUJ!Y IN SOL EMN A~UUMllO

5CT1 0~ .s~x.- IMA l.rFA_

C.......,
fU
_R_IlN
_G ~

__

made llabae fur pe~IJI)~

-

ht FiMh \

of ~ruth ~ proc lai m~

against h1m; otnerw1~ he r.:;anoot b~

puniaheQ .s "' Y1ol811on of

per:;onmust he-"" -m";~teriiiltO the d"larg.:

J:ll ~ 1

I.

'

- ----
1
I

!X.lV

r;:;oo ing

filllsit~

i& r~uired

;( UI

991

XVIU

bv apo...-.

~ I

lH) ttiffodEJ'II'it was

bu the same M l
required by lalw, e'Je n 1f 1ne allegation& are :
false, a. cf!Hl~ of perJury I~ t'I01 ~m~ed
_j_. _
CHAPTER -rnReE
-

Ii

~~AUOS

SECTION O:NE . .-- f_,ACK I A TIO NS,

MON OPOU~$ A. riD CO Bl A no S
--1---se.,..,:C::;,
T;;;.;ION l1NO.-- FftAUDS.iN co- ,;:;:M.,:;,.;,EJR
~
CE
.,..,..-r-

--,
'
~85

. !

AND INDUSTRY

CRWS

RELA~J:~F~~~~~-~~D -~~-~~- ~. ..
PROHIBIT D IDROOS

(~~!!- !~_IS ~~~s'ti'D- BY ~A!.J-!6~ ...

(I

jl

---4-- ...

--I

PUBUC IMOf.U\!LS
ClhiAPTEA OHE

CRIM ES ;~U~A I NST

lNG
iwn______
.,

~00-0

GRAVESCA-NOA

Airt-

~MMOR.Al

OS:SCE~E

COCTR:ti'IIE$,

~ iPtiJI:I!LJCA110\N$ .ANO el<H~SIT10 S Af40

1$19:3

. II

SHOWS

201 ool;, cc'IBrs 1ha :p~actio n {If'

Mel

public.

mota and oot the meial Df an irn:li..-klwd

pe~n

OFFENS .S AGA ~ NST 0 CI:INC'tf A D

,

grave sc:andifai"-8L.icti-~ not

tcmm~ted in a p u
~ laoe or '8".filhin. p lie
krlO'-~g e or vim'\!. The business e:JCeculivae.
l lkG'nfia ..did
nrn com:m an crime.
...__;.;;;;_;_~~~~;;;,;...;.;...;...;.;;;..;;.___,:-=-:~==-'--:-:--:-=--+=--::-:-::----1
~NDI:G cN T

GAMBLING
AJNO .B
- ----
C+4APmfe

A~ .

ror

hOld lis .

"Hu.flC>S a

[l}f~tscn

may not be ron..-ictedl

~ Alllc-kl if h~ only -QB\'8" ms.tef:ials a&

d;;l~d ifl thi!li Ar-ticle to . p nlcul person.

u l'ld

CUlSTOMS

- ----- -- .. .

:ilK:

1----1- -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . -----.1
Ti ll. ~ SE:VEN

i Elemect::l:

CruME'S CCMMITffiDI OV PUBLIC

1. ~ Thet I:I'Le

c~lietlder

perlorr11s

OFFlC ~ RS

t.ll'l .:rd or

CHIA'P

acts
1.1 That ::.aid .act is. highly sc;;~nd~U!.\ a$
offe'"l::ling aga~~ de-cency 0 ( gOOd

--.A
-=-rt
-.-+-:-Wtl
:--O
-:-A_;
R~
e....:..;P:..:.u
.:::..:...e:...:...!..:.....lc
...:.. o~FJc
! 21)3

~om::. .

;t;press l~

eF<s--- - -

U~( 1he

ev.sed P nal COde. the ~IIOWir'I\J

' ar-e 'COfl5.kiered Pl.lblic off~r:

J .) That lhB highl1 SG.300BIOU9 ccnd~ i~

not

RON

PRELIMINARY :P R:OVlS~O .. $

falling within any artide of

~ he

Code
te ) T~ t Cl"'e 3Ct
coo1mrt~ In

ot
(l

~c~ >t0111plained cf be
p l lie pia~Y.J or 11.it'hin

p ublic knowledge

(H

Q9i
996-

X.V-a
X\1-b

A.} Takas pan in 1he performance {]f public

undiDf'\.'5 in the Gowamment 0: he P bilipptn:e
:!ilil'Jndis.,

1iE;!_w

i- A

bold sctr-a::.-s sunbamhed naked . in 1t'le t-op

flCKH of tha condominium ~:.he was. Wing In
~ e\ef'l Sun~ morning. She d. oot kDO'Itw' h ~1'
in a l"!e rby building bu:sines::. ex-ecutives
t'Bf)' Sunday. lbe oo'Sinesa
1 repor1ed ~o Off~
I e:..:e-cu1i\~ ~ binOGJJ~r& to gaze at bar. 11
; ~r:an'M;: tl'fe ~lk of
town She: cannct lbe
Cn.apier UJ- Cnminal /eM(

8.) 8)' tllr~ tO\i"SIM Oft

b.) F'~ul r election ot

w,

c.) AJ;~point~n~ b~' eomr;te'ler-.'t tluhorit~

IEl.) An emPio~~. ~nt '" $UbOtdint>Je- oflle,~l l

t S.S

2tl7
-<
'

... -. .
~,

VcMnneW
-----

af any lfank cr clas& of tha -QO\rernment or any

(matfl!lafi anc:e > ot

.i~ i~~&1rumen
_~_
BJit
_L..'J- - - - - - . , . - - - -

IJ.) h"'o consideration of 1tte eX"eCJ.Jiion Gf .31"1

CHAPTERlWO
~A LFEASA.NCE ANO MISF'I:ASA NCE ~N

act. '/hl..ich does

O FFICE

OEJREUC'TION O'F IOIJiJY

PR.OS!CCUTION
OF .
OffirNS-ES.-;-l-2=-=0,.....10-=---~-:-t.,...
l6
=----i
NEGliGENiCE; At4P TOl..iRANJCE
1m \flb
. . 1001
XX
.) Mai.Doualy 1efr.aini.ng frOFl"' i711Strti.Jting
pfOSoecut.klrl against ~iolator!l af Che 'I
2 .} M a~u&ly tolera ting rhe oomnli$S!Oft o1

--.---

-s.et n oN" rwo:--

. Aft. DIREC

~ I S!EffV

nQI
'

Elemanii:E.:

I~

."

::-.. .

{nonfeos~nee)

. 4.) The act 'i'nwc;:ti ltle o~r ~fees too

: p Briorm or "'il'tuch he e..: e<: 1.Ue$ be ro:n f'!e eI_E:.d
j wi ~he performance a f hig official tJutie$ .

''

I :z01Q

fU

. 2009

: 2005

x~

x.

2001

1.) Offenc!:ar ie. a public -cffi<:er

! 1003
? . ' ~e ;)o;;epi.:s an offer or a p.r-omt$e or 1900
recet\les. a -gift. m pra:;enl h)' himse" or tl'lrougho
ano er
, 3 )Tha.1 s-uch olf~r. promi&e or gif1 ~ eo:;epted.
1
e.) ~Mtt1 ~ Vtew 1c1 comrruL some crirllll!!'

1.) A ;eeiny ;a perfuml an act constituting a

.ctlr.ne, in oonnection with 'lhe psrformanca of
1hi!i of;1ci~l -dUM~. ir'l GOI"'tsideration of an A offer.
rec;ei~ted by ::.uo.fl
1 prom-se. gltt or ~
uffice-r, p~r,.or~~~ ot t.hrou~ll the medir){iM of
ano1h.er,
2.) Accep~ing s gif1
bv rn.e o~ft.:::er tt"'
oCOnsitiiiJfaoon of the exaaution of
ad V:J'h~
dOG:S not t~:.ne.1itut-e a mime-. a.nc! 1he officer
El:IC.CC:UOOd !-aid act
3.)
9iR fEiceived or promised t.-\laa 1o make
!he I:)I,Jb llc r;:~fficer rl!!driliin rrom .cJoing. '.iOOJa1hing
whiah it P,\1~$ h iS. o ftci~ d~ y 1.0 do
I

aR~t3Je RY-

-- - - - . . ----

I ACTS PUr I SHED

crime

1.) Offender is: a publiC oflicor v~tlo ha5 a

du 'ly 10 ~OSee CUte offeflS.C.S.
2 .) The~ t,a dce-:s i 1Dt aause- 6"".e p(l;~ec;ution
of the crime eYan. if he- knQoiiiS at is about
1.o knoo that a crime- J ~ (',f Vnll be
committed.

ron::.1itute a crime-.

the aet muM b unjiJ!tit fn;isrgasance) {lr

.c.) TQ r(!frain h'(;lf'n ~h doi~ 5cmathing
vmicb ~ flis ofloal dul~ to do

SEC1110N ONE. -

n~

Ill
. IX-e

I
'

I -Hcwe\le-r the

nv.at~ $eCI"e~l) 01 a judg~ 't~ 1990 Xl-rb

~ wlunteers. ~a. pet'9U&de ~ JUdge o 1'\.1 llf'l
I favor 0: .an aaoused wP:Ihout any con$lcl~ l.ior!
, i5 rn:~t a crimin~ a.ct. I~ doeg not r~ll 1,md'er
.... ~ ..~i~lr:t_~ lO. 2 1.!.~ R.A
.-=--3_0_
1Q_._______-+_.i_ _
Art. ; '*'IVUU:CT SniB R Y
2{1 10 ; H-A
21 .
2009 : Vii

-1

.-... .....
-

. .'

).J

t.~x_f!_~kf'i N okes :
l

xn-~ f_dlfJQll__ ____

E t~ E.N t:(

llJ)( PBNio NoJ9~ ~.rn.4. t;;~

,x b - ,

2005
1 1007

1. } Off-ent$er

ig. a

XVI
Vll

publ ~J:::

.offic-er
1200:.;
'
2.j That he- scoepl!t 91t1E.
3.) That 1he g rftg. -orferea ~ a l1im are by
reason c '" 1!1- off ce
:

I.

Art
21

I'

QUAU FIED B:RJBERY

PRD:PE:RTY~

I .~ .

ELEM

2006 I XVI

Offender l:; a public ~ ~ustoo wl

enforcing tha law;
2 } He- reft ins rtQm ~r resing Of p-tOS.~e\.11 1 f"l9 11 1
offender o~':tlln t'lo~ (:nmn""~IU e{l 11: Cfln"lP.,
11
J .) H ill'! (;tune (;o(~ l":l ntted by !;he {I ffe-rtd er is
;p u:ni shot~'b l e tJ , .R ~ Iut;: um Pe:rpetua and/or
d tfl.
I

'
!
I

4 } ThiS. IS

10

done In ~deration

1 ---'--"-=0M
-==Iae, gdt
An.

CORIRUPT10N

rn an~ offer,

I S.

fACTSPU

: ?12

LEM5NTS.

2 .)

0'

2..,..,

~ri~IY..:.. _

0 _ _ _ _ _ _

.0-0.

-c HAPTER THREE

FHAUDS A NO Il l EGAL EXACTION$ AND

Gfrapisr

m- Cnminal falt

1~9&m e 111

~Xa

sggg

XI

"994
UIQO
2008
tuna's or :2008
2008

X'JI
111-e

XIV-a
XJ\1-b

!SHED

k.-

__

,...

12001

IX-b

1993

:30) By

ro 1~s.gnting Of

r egl

nee :p~::~rrnlttl~ ~ !It her person

~herv.riee

B "!g

rnls.~p ~ol)ri

lhr.cug ~ .ebandonr'I'Jeat or
to take
0

s.:..t&ho

j
~

a,. iaking or m i~pptQDrlatmg 1he sarng

!4 0~

1ion or me

gu ilty

~-sation

of
the
Siuch 1und

or property

:I
M DDJ)ropnation !I~
i~s
is Slit!

i 1 .) Offender mekeE. offer or promises :to. yive

gifts or presents to a pubtic offiCer.
2.0) That the offEH, promise- or ~ifts arc givtP.ri
u.nd~r the- circutn'Sta nr.-6:S h3.1 '-'i!lll tno11t:e the
p ub~ officer liable f-or d1rect bnbtlr:f ot lfldi!"t}C1

; 1 ) ApprcpriabrQ ubllc 1\.mde. Of ~patty

O! .P.!eserrto_ _ - :-::---.....' ~ __

Of PU!f.3LIC OFFIC A.L$

OF 2001
2001

or CCi ro1
1 p~rcy b~ reason ci h du'IJes. of hfs off..ce.
OJ

_ _ _ _ _

PRESUMPnON

1.l Offenc.ter~ a pu
'20} He- had OU$tedy

_ _ _ 00-

MAII..V&mSA "'itoM

PRO'PE:R:nt
MA LVERSATION OF rpi.!JI!Jl.IC FUNDS 0-R 200S

Ncae Ttte differ-ence bet.weefll Lhi:s Artid e artd j

P 0 46 IS thaCP .0 46 is being u~ 4
W 1L.te
~!"vo~d i'S _m;ati:lna~ ~r e:dra\l~rit

- tRANSACTIO S
CH P'li'ER fOUR
\ W\LVJ(SA1l0N OF PU!aL&C ONUS OR

i
I

II

. - -. ---.. . .

Pf.OPeflY

m
I!OI)$idered
&uc:h pr~r~ are

mal"ersiiltion s.inca
~ed ., ~h he- ctJ 1acter of IPU

t-_.

~:.WQ Deny. I?VEf'l 1hfl u~

r.tt.e Prcpa rty .
belongs c a ptr.r.ate 1ndr~.~idrual
{M

....

--

2.2:2J

'

-0

I
~9 1

:r

1Drtterenoe of E..s,ia~~ ~ MatVars _oon

MAlVER~ATION

__
C

--- ~ }That

EST.AfA
ted by a "on-
aec:ounl a
pubhc :aocoun <3ble
lie
(I ffi<;.er
in YoL\1 my ~ o Ff1cer or a prl Yate
puthc
fun&
-or indtt/'td~l
lrllliQMrtg
p10perly.
fl!ntn or pfO~/ for
wbletl
he I$

Coo1m tad

'I

an

~ CQOUnla

1G

___ I overnmen.
In

ma~~~tion ,

N-ote:

natJ

t--1

:22:1:1

:223

ar&a~OI"'I ll~i96

te<:hnlc;;JI

CHA.Pn:R: .F ~=------......:,.I V
.. :::

CO -Nl1V1NG WI!T1H OR ccms=~N7:::l=~N-:-::

G--=
T,..,..
0-1-EVASIO,N
IE le rT1El nt.s
i

II

1 ) Offender i9 a public ofl'it;eJ

. ~ He had io h 1s ~s lody a datenliOn
pr1$0ner o r a priU~ner by 1nal JUd Gf!.1
~ ) S8td pris0f1.91' Mc~pe-d from his c~ody
J He was COt'lni'/31'\Ce l'.lith 'lhs pr.sOflel -s

2009

1996

XIV

I
.

'o

tvl'
1

--I 'Mi- I
I
I
I I

Elem 1'1~
1 1 nat l he offet~el is a put::-ttc oincar
2.. ~ Tha he- i1 IS public rund cr propt:fl'(
undef his Q.C!minis~ ra1ii'JC'

t~So

CUSTODY OF PiRISOl'4 E~s

Art

A person
with mal..
of
t":oublr fund~ bu, was al,.":qL ied of Mid
cltargrs y~t he was. oon ~ned c.t Illegal
UBB of ii)lJ~IC: (u~S. tllaV nO!l ba: r,.plidly
corwdec.J o( ilktg~ use of pubhe 'h.~Arla,
beca!J$e ~he Eat1er crime IS oot
necessar\ty' mr;luded In he- m~eraation
lThls tS question in..m'!.tS'$ an answer
taken tmm he Rule-s of C~1.1rt. Sec:. 111
R e 11 9 of 1 Hulas of court t
be '

AliU:EJ'it~~~:~PUBliC FliNil$ - .

kncttm

! FIICeLJTY Of: PUBUC OFFICE~S

SEC- ION 0 . -.- ~ FIDE lTV IN n u:;

of 1he

.amount does not r"''egate ~ I

11ity.
Hmv~ef it mat !be- committed ~ a
miliOOitinQ circUr"n!ltencs a IOgcus 1.0
votu n~rv
sufft!nder
(People
vs
Vel.&$que:z. 73 Ph1l oQB}

COilVtlQnlv

_CI!~arta=IOt'l

'he reetitutio:r.

efl~r.ged

such publle fund cr pcoparty-- J:s ~--.appr-cprierled by la\Y Ql ~f'l3 noe.

~
4. ~ That hl!l ;applies the !lama to public 1.1s.E:
other than tl"J t for which the funds or
pP"OJ'M'f J\as. been apprcpnatad.

Permitting .a de~emioo prison r

temporarily 1'99?
laa'!.a Ji!lil and en,ena visitot:s lrl h~ ho-use can
bl} ~red as eva~' nf s:entenoo (Poople
vs. ,Loon &Qncllno, 2.9 f ..459)
_
t----+-- S!ECTIO lWO. - I!NflDEU1'Y IN TH,
-f

CUSTOO"i OF DOCUMil!'lf
RJEMOVA.L1 OOMCEAL.Me OR
OtSTRUCTro 0 1= I)OCUMENTS

2005

XI

X-a

El.sm~

293

~c~ Pareto i\totes- 2() r 4 E~l:.:..;,'011

:;.;,__ -- ... ___ - - - ... _ __1/0I.url'l-e

Notes - 20 4 Edaian
-L~x- Pflltlta
-------- - - - .. -. -. ---- C HASlTrY

ru

1~) Offender Is a p,.~tJiic. offir::er

2.) He destrot~ .$ or eonvea l ~ p3ipE'rE- or

CR~

docurnenl$
3.) S.UOO paper 01 cJoeuments i::. enru::.ted Ia
t---r- __ the pubJ1c ?fii~~~~. ~~vson of his. o:-ffi:::-ce=.:-~----1.
.SECTIO 1iHftE"C:. - REVELA Tlfi1fOI=

- ~s

Ofr
BY PU!aU C OF'ftCEiRS
MALTlR TME.rir o:FPRI!SO ER$

(Th ... . lS Oris of the _poaBible- t'n ;

q u~IQrl'l Ule otnet ona- is Art 28G}

CHAPTE:RONE
DESTRUCTION O F LIF!E
SEeTION ON!::. - PARRICIDE , MU RDER.
HOMICIDe

---i---

C APTER SiX
NSS O R IRREGULARJTIS

O 'JHEIR

ELBJI!ENTS

.... - - - r - - - 1

.J Offender Is a ublilc Dfflc.er Of amploy.ee '

md , h;.s marge a. derenoon

Sillid

pt~sonar

8 .} 8y 1h8 1mpoE- on of puat9hmel~11ha C 1:-;

.nol aulhoriz.ed by the

.I

.at fusa he did noc knc.wt 1ha1 pere.on he lei~

hi$ -own athe-r nO'#Ie\!Br a n alternaCive

.an~ r

t .

1994

' 998 XVI~

996 _XVI-.b

An.

1999 . 111-tJ

tf .en is that the aDCJJ'98d

may only be
liable ~r nnmlcida a& the mot~l ID sis ~ r
imposing ihe higher pens
oQf ~0' iiS
absattt ( P I~ read
racts as S'LM IFI U'lt-

C.) nfllctrng ~ u~h ariz:ed punishment tl'lr~u~h

_-- . _.

1997

WM

rul~

a 11vrnill Mg a nd mml manner

D.) M ret~ ng prls~ts IJl order o ~011

eome- In Offll Ofl or a con~ !lion.
S EC n O TWO. - -ANfiCIPATION,

u.,

! .. ~i\n ~eus.ed rr~'f be- li~b&e far parritit::ta eveon

A.)Bv overdoing he handling Oi eotter;iicn

lQQg
l9D9

;.n an'/ of the

tolkn,.ing manner

2003

a. T hat a person l!;l "lied

b. That he d~ed is
th& a~.l.!(lf:d
G-.. Th81t ihe creceaaed
the talh . tMP.'Iet. ot
u tl, woothsr leg iliiat-e ot 11 ~~t~te. or ~ny
or his ssosnda 1112. Cf drHoon~f'lts . or
~cgi irt'lalt8 ~pousc or the ~C U$-e cl .

in the:

2..} He h41$

fJ'liacner or a prisor~e r
J .) He maltr-eats; ~ prison es

~n.e EIGH
S AGJl,iNST PE:RSONS

I ~ 47

~prrJ_ q!!._~~~::-:--::-:-::-:==::--:-::-=-:-:--=-+---+-:~--1
DEA TI-l OR P HYS~AL ~ JIUfU E:S I KFL ICttD~ 2005 Vll~
0

00

UNO'E:R EXCEPTION1A.t. CU~CUM STANCeS

- This a:rtid doos r'KJ1. de~r1e an-d ~n ~
f Yy
- itlt! !'llttk.?llty ~' .:SOsteerr~ IS oot real~ ended
as 3 lf)en8L'f'J b~ to prO'Iect lhe killer spouse
!'rom ~C'I~ of repn$~ tram he rela11v-ee. of 1he

P~ OLONG A l iON
A NC AJYU~ IDOiNMIEJN t 0 T t: OUTIIE.S AND

POWERS (OF PUBU C OFFICE.

SECTIO N THREE_-= USURP

=-A
-:-:T=ION
-=-~
0-=F--1POWEA;S A NID lJNl..AWFUL APP!'JJ
. !:NITS

2005
2001
2001

W
XI!!
Xlll.tl

deoe:;~Sf:d spou~

.SECliDN FO-lJ.R:-= ABUS $ &\GAl 8 T

l9.:S
.:.

. - - _\f(~6'

a1iSCO\Ier)::--~~a.

pLISui1 and ktlllng. 1QQ1

must a~ b& var1 of QM ~-~.I..IS ~c.t - The
defense utJder eN.caf)fiOr'lal ctrot.JtlJSiances Cfh't
.')tHI be .ava~ in 'h1s- M~ic~e oven ~~ 1 hoor ha~
~d from tf:le rt k) ttra il(!St"Jand lltJ"8 .
k!Jitrprised his ::;pouse ., (Peot;le vs. Ab-8ft~.
SCRA 73.5)
- ]1)e

153 1

- 11'1 th(! event of Che

spau$e a hd

VoJwnellJ
-------
I

-~XtV

NOTE: The off.ende-- Is, emmpted from oriminsl 200.5

diabilrcy under Art. :247. t-t.:':r~~ h9 is not : 2007
1----1
t\.rt:.

zce

MliRD E.R

....

1 The unla~\rful ktlhng of 3ny ~etso which 10

parricide, m .rr~idde ~(lid with t m fottO'I'ifori'Q

19~1

VI
XVlb '
V-a
IV

~ ~-8

Cn'Cumstance& pre:sel'll

199;
1991
I .2006 . 1-a
X'\111-c
200E.f
2010' .X

"'r

1 IIIIth tre chary. iar.Jf'lg ad\ant3ge or supen::.r 2006 X

~ s1re-ngtl1, Yll.1h tho c.'lld of aoned me.n, or 2000 1 \llli--b
H-1
amployy,g m ~ Lo w akon "lEI defensl3' or of ,995
j
XII
995
means Dr ersons 10 lnsuru or a:ffori mpumty.
I
'1

..
j

!1 ) Tt"1<tol the lega lly rnCJ~rriad ~r.s.on or ~ent .1

w rprjses ,.is ~:.p ause or daughlei (The- dau

IV-b

'l

1 1~
not 1999

I1

Vlll: l

! ?QO _

~fl)p_t~ frool clvi.l li~ll t)~_

mJurnd. the of:fenoor

~Le . E~TS:

bai119 ur r 18 years of age, e.tn!i)lt- and li ...1r1g

'I h hirn, doos nat matli!J.f if par.el'!t ~ iegiti'n h!l
OJ nat) In lhe ~ -of commit11r'lg &e:t"l.IBI .
1rl4ercours.e v1 another t:-toon
2 ) l1-mf be or She .kJU9. a l'll~ ot bo:lh or Cl'l19m os .
; infllc~ injul)t upor1 any or bo1h of f1etr'l any
se~1ot.sS physu;:~r lnJurt in the- ~t m lrnRled'' tWv
th~aft r.
:3 ) Tha~ he- hag not f.)romo:led or r.ar::ihl:aled t
1
pr~itutlon of h1s, w i e or daugh-1er or 'that he or ~
.she has. nor oonsen "d ~o 1he Jl"lfideli1~ ~f

I
I

I~~

r'r'Jttl'-Note-s
-- ...- 2014
-0- . EcN.\-""J.t)
..

!tiling of l:be dectased

Pe1'"~on ~..as

apout-e can ir\\' l!:t he de=ense of 1

Dxer~e ~ nght " s defined Ur"tdor par S of
Article- 11, sinre he c-oufd 11w ~e h
crimln l'f
Mbfe tJ M ~r Art. 4. HOW13'Ve'I in
ca~ o1
Pc9op~ 1s.. Abarca, 111e ~used 'iii"O.S held g[J1111/
wnder Article :365. 1Phys.ical injufles. througZ"i
1
reckle-ss rn_prudenOP)

1993 ' Vl-b

.20[18 I x:v

2.

l.n consideration oi a prioe. re~..,~.ard .

("li

rOfr'l~

xvu

;nundation, fir-a, p ~ n. 1997' 1

e:<plos1on. $t'upwreek. str nd1ng of a 'w'a:se.el, 2.005 1 111
I
d-arB~IrDBn t or 3SS;ii\oll1 upon 31 SJireut ca1 or
I
ktoomotive, ~II of an lrsl'lip_ bt meam of
tJt01.0f vehi~ . cr w1 h the U$e cf an)' oti'ICJ'
mB.ans cnvot!Jl:ng q~eallfl'a.Sf~ and ruin.
~

;;.

lly

li!Cil'lnti

o(

4. On i:locasion. of any ()f 'the cal

e:;; !
enwmet-ated 11'1 the p:~OE<Iing ;paragraph. or of ;
afl eal'th<:!uake, eruption oC s ~olcano l 1
4es1T~I 1o'e c~dons. apidenn:. or ofher pu~ i

..

""li

~,; IJ
0

...;

_______ yof~Jll

- ----
I

i-- ---:-~-ee-Janu~y.

~d e

j 5. V.lr~l1 e--,.1.(.1er)~ premadTia"tit:f'"l.

'

I 6 . \Mth ~ruelty . t:r~1

~ - Li ~ far

elib~r~telf .and muman~

j a ugmentmg the su~nr

of ~ho victim,
outragm g 01 9C:Offing at h~s ~Cd ct oorpM

l.

A person can r;mly be convttted o f 2000

homlcloo cllE.In if 1M cir
ta11ces ol using

inFormation

- If tt..e offetnd~.:r~ rs
lnti:lnd c 11' ~ lo!IC'tlm, 1'95.16
but be1ore he uas .ki11ad he was detained oi'It!f
: the r.rr~llt" ~f murder is .;;cmm~ted Howeort~er f
! the .Of'l~ln.JJI lllle nl1on of 1he offenders is okidn.&p aru;l Clel..aiil~ ~ ~i m, however ~ha
; tiatim W3!'. kl~l.1 ;j'IS till) ~ crrthoo9ht, the Grima 1
~ rommitt.ed is .kidnappmg ,...1 i': h-:)micde.
1

~he-

1
another
une!ler
111'1 r..li:::r"'!Ce vf 2005
prohiLYted d ugs q ualifies the ai..me to murder
I s p r!J\lidad u rrdef Se<. 25 of R A 91 ~
"A.i1-:- HOMICI!lf:: . - ------- 201 0

\II

xvu

I 900

Z-2
V12:

1992
1992

~~ ~

1QQ2
1QQD

tu-b

1~

XX

j 3.)

T her~ i$ e j)~ump1101l thal lh.iJ ar;.;;uwd

had the i11en1ion ~o kill.

4 .) Tha1 he !tilling VQ~. 1")Qt ~~t1el"'dtd b l an~
qualifying circumstances of muroer. parrle10e or

Cftapt (

m- CrimmaJ fa~v

1m

~~~~~
~RA
~ 43~
:
oeASCif'~
cAusEi:I--I,..,...,
N_____,A,..----..,1
=u~o-=-~..:-=~.u.
,. . ,.o.
. ,.,. .u
,. .,. .s
-=-.~-.io1 o --x

1 At .

I 251
I

!1997

AIFFftA y

: XVIII

In a urnu ous aJfray rr rt. canoot be

esoartsinedl .as 10 Who
ad the roortal injury
; hs~ ca.ma1 he d ~1 oC" .a vsrnon. lhs pars!Jil
ot pmsons whl) lrtfliCAe\J
enou~ p hy.Mc.al
1 uries are hsble ior lhe cte.atn of the- vlei(jm
G!JViNG ASSISTA . C~ lO SU~CLO;E -

Vll._a

1991
im '.f.lithout BnJ'

Ia 1h e I te r " tumn'l(J - baa.

frt:.m the former. hernield is
proper
oflense l8l ahould be lmpu1ed Co
~uwd because ot ~he .;~'b$enoe a f intent to
kill (Peopl.:t \IS . Pugay and Sams.on . 11$7

i9g

"'I ) That a person 'i'la-5 killed

1he 3CCIJ$tji'.J kil~ the victim

'treacbenx~ ~s. too vilCtn'l'l Has shci at the

- Even If

ELEME TS:
1 2 ) Th11t 1t~ ac:tu::ied 1<1IIGd

l 1v-b

2009
2009
1999

!ju9trl'yi:'MJ ~~ eum~noo .

VI.~)

and 1hat
1 g 1~
n in
cons ld er lrof'l Of e pri oa o r re\'l'.a rd . kf U"dl
r:ir-r,:;um~*~m cM ~ not alleg~ iFJ Uu:~

-.

VI

pois

drcum!Jta~

perY-~n

.,ret.1 ~nU'I Intent ~ kill

rx

OTE. These
muS;t be- aile e\'1
tha in fo:maoon ~hef'M~ e they will n~ QllO!!Iify
h8 killmg in ~o murde r.

Kirl~ng

Homicide c;an onl~ be impuh!d 2003

if 'the guns. hot tma$

11-a

X.VIr-b

. parson who Sl'lall a~ 1st 3n0tl\et to commi= 2008

_suicide a. hall ~Afer the pen y ot ~1:'1 ~ r .
S!eCltO 'VW"O. -- NIFA_NTICIDE .ANJO .

~~ ~ - ~

I ~

vm

ABORTION.
Aft.

l005..

XI

ChtJpler W - CrimHuil taw

..

.,...

..

...

'.~

--

4'~ Pt:~ ~o.!~ Dfes. - 201~. f:~

r~ ~

...... ---- -- . ..
r---~-

..

...

po\''er COo

j Elecnenl$

~ eye, l'lillnd an arm. or 8 ~9Q.

b.) l 0$E'.S he liS
of any e.uch

mem~

1 } That there IS .a p r-e g1'\i!Jn t ~HOman

.2.) Thai rol~ is. used upon '9UCh wanLBn
.'rtithout rntending SJn .ahol"'ioo
3.}Tru!t hil: ~wial911oo j.og inten,ionslly em.rled
4 ..) l h~ .as a J86t.ltt of m \ir:Xence 1he fetus
dte$ el 1er 1n 1JoK: womiJ or aftot :HiVing ~n
e
lied frOI)\ it.
S~CiiON THREE~ ....:. OUa:......__ _-1----+- - CHlA.PTEFt TWO
I
P HYSICAL J JURIE:S

-IO
_U
_S~
P~
- VSICAI... ~NJUP.I~ s ~
--- --

'I

Od~r

e.) l4.)$0S h13' use ther-eof

d ) Seoat,es 111 or incapari1at-ed for
Ia bar for mor
~n 90 dayg .as 1;3
res.ult oJ the pl'rjtiiGal injunes
infl.ded

191~

XIX

4 .} AclrnlnlS ~ inju'Du:t ~ ubslanc:es

1H2

11-a

1993

Is. i?llso- cnmm1

Insane ilmbecile, impotent ur h~.-J

because of 1he physic.ai i~un~ mflr.;ted.
2.} 'l.'hen the injured person
a , LGses the :U E.'EI of speac ar IJte

' There mUo!ll be

t -...
-

:X-1b
XVII

:i "'"
:ili$

~"kill.

lEsS SEfUOUS PHYSICAL .NJURiES

L
I

12009

1.) OF..ended part~ ~ ratA.:: ::l19d for ~{I -da~s ~ 19tll.A

C more b-ut nor more 1har'l 30 6.a y.s -or has
nood of medn~al sitte nd~loCe ~ r 1h-at period
h'li~. (See notes on ~light phy
11'\h.lty)
2.} Theysir:;; lf13Unes mu~ not be I I"~
~--:-~~,.....,....f=~e~
s c.:..;,;
r100:
=!i in the preceE!!!a_articles; ___ .
Att.
2M

3 ~ H)

r-ee.ult of !he 1

119'98

no lrU&nl

IELEME . TS

..

too

8 CC as. Ill Of' 1n.ca~1 ;;J ea lO r' l~bo r for

more than lO day~ (But mtJ$l m:..A be
nXJre tt;~ll"l 90 days) 85
:PhY$1~~1 inJ ~rie& i.nflicted

I
I

I,.
1*~

Sen ou~ p hy!!. ~ l lnjufJeS.

when .a pe~C!n beo:).Ble$

4 .)

..

Com Itt-ad by!

1.} B8a11ng,
2 .} 'lfJounding
3.} A ~ ulting

or

c.) Bec.om.es
. ctt ted for work
in wtuc:h he \vas ~b itually 1
i!lngaged.
f
.l,} 'INh~r't en injured~
~ . ) Baeoo1es defom"'ed
b.) Loses 8 1'l)' ether memt:er or .hiS.

Elements:

'I

r, <Jr smell or l~e&o

S tGHr

P:HYSIC:Al

IF'w\JURIE$

ANJO
Jl)] .

'

-....

...
. ,'.-{.I.

!:.-~~- Pareto- NO~C_[? .: ~f4 ~9~:.:;1(:.:::~.10~rl=------ __ -. - - - - - ---.----.--.......---.I

MAL.iREA.R~ NiT
I

2'003
199"4
1900

ELEMENTS ~

1. ~ Physica1

IMIU 'Y

ir~tes

whim

otf.encted party from Labor Jrom

OM to

ni~ d a:,t!l; or requires m9di

ten1km

'I

="OiJ:&O'Jl at othEWWi&e unccnsdol)3~

\11.

11-2'
1-B

d~ring

~)

habitual 'lirork or wi'JI('.h

medical attendai~C;.(t.

r
~

I.

r.

I'

r"

~I

not pfe!olen
(.o rn re su mirrg
~

dtd oot

(:)

I
I
l

~irfl

..,:
r

~~a.y

I
!

tn~ n

wh.o s haJI havifll

"" n~te~~e of a woman u!f1d

e JtJ m!ilb!m :e:s;

at~oy

QrA!1!~

I~

; ml9ntion:ad' a:bove ~1!1 p~~~~

,llfl~

R.A 8~53)

1.}

ortc~ tt~d

Em t11 tJ13rty is rU nde rr lwe.ltvs

' 1:2) ~ar.s of agro Of' j$- demented~ evan
JUl o IJ:~ Iii non"
of
o- e~ r.c: ums taJn oes
1

)~

~ ~~td<!ir ~

I
!

El EMENTS:

of fraudulent macMn tlon Of

6y !iJirJ PeflKI n who,

JltY of f us 2005
I el fl umtnarnGes mi!mtiDine:d in paragrap h 1
lwll'Cofl sha~~ .comm!it SJtl act of s-owa~
-~~ u.lt lb~ ~n aerting hjs pen~ into other
J)CF$041
lliKlulh o r iBinBI oriflioe, 0\f any
inatrume-;J~ ! or ()bjt(:l~ iflllto th!C- sonilial or ans i

nJis an-ide is inserted f.lr fhe An.tr RfJPe L~ Df

1$!91
i1Se-.e nofes on "The- Anrt Rllpe Lltll'\!1 .of 19971
1

n~

!d ~ Wh

~&~

&~

I g II'8V e- ab tt#C 0 f ~ utfiOrlfl/i

! 2]

ir\C3!:)3t;l~v and med"IC3! a~iOil

must not e~ed 9 de~e.. tf the in~paclt~ ~ 9
(j#JfS .ot le!J.$ b me medical attentioA &~s. ;
S cl~s ~hen 'Whal :is oom~ttd ~ Kl$S ~u~
. __ ~ ~a I injune-E-. _ _ .
- _.
Art. TRAPE: W HJE AN.O HOW COMMilll:
I

- iNot:G: Mh

J _) Ell trt!a1moot o1 3l'Q~r by dead withoot

caus.l1~g any lnjt.Jrle$1

i....I

he aame petriod.
P'h15ical injUfie& 'i'~
the ofiended par1y'

------- .. - - b' W~cm the oftBndBdi .. j,arty I~ o-pritv

of

of lhe

f<Ji1 Jo f\R eJ

,1)1

, other ~ r.&o-n ;r

- An ac.cuasd wno rape<t a ~n~;;.ll~~ r.etareled ! 1995

~im can still be c:cn\'ICted of 1ape- e~~n If me I
said vict;rn vhen sgk1d how ghe Jel "~n 1he !
ccusGd r~.e her E.eid ~Mae.srapl it gsYe me
n-.w:h plaatiiJ ... lbe in al~ual c-apacity- of a
~n~n v tt.Jtartlad :is 1hat of a d w d lese. then. 12
years; old ~ In~ Prllbl'i of g~ ~ ~id I
oon5~ent . ln. 1.2"1FS a ea:w: ~.iol~ Ot irt:timidatf(;J r~
is. oot e-ssentiel to ~~ltute rap (Miele 3~$
he::. been ~rrte'd ~$ artlt:le 2ea..AI ~ the
W'Otd ..'Or is demented hag; been jng.,erted in
ArtidB 33 no. 31 now :i1 is k.nmvn as Miele
2{16-111.1 1-d}

XII

.. IE \I t':ti .if no {ore-s or irrti-n idation i::. pi'13'S ant a

!J)efSOf\ c.an
j(l2

be held l iable- for raps for having

303

Lex Perst~ Notes - 2014 .Edlt.i.::u1

-------- - - -r:sax-;;ith" Bchlid- be.lrAv 12 ve.er {)f ~e-. The lltW/

I -

prasume-s ~hal a -girl bt;!IOVI tvie'tve !f6il'1rs old

doa:s nlll and cannot have a 'o'i'il of her (Min ,
Thrs is what v.oe knQ!N se amalukll)' r~ .
: opl9 v~ Pe rez C.~. 37 OG 1752 )

I
'I

: 11.

tEMENTS:

1.) Offsnoor is s pl'i131e indi~Jrt!IJ~.

2.) Offen f l<idr\aps or de4ains other or
in any r:Nher manner depn\!e$ ~oolhar of

ma.y be liabte for rape if his 'INifB 1aQS

vli:!III'TI. to have sax '1.-ril.t\ him.
1QQ-5

n.mt~~ndl

doe~ fiOt

- The new r(IIJ)e law ~m~11"lded too Pf"''Vi&iom; in 1993

.. i. Article 3 ll Ri.ll')e'
nO\'I' t!l crime- againM 1 1993
~ p ei'SC!n~. An ;;.~~CU!vit ~ -d~i$1 nee e~ b')' 1991
1 the cffanded p.arty- will (Jni'y oonoorte ~'ill
i liability but 1he oftend~r Ydl b~ ~till be crlrninmll)' ~

;;:;tl "When b)~ 11eaSOor1 orr (lin ttJ;f.l o~e~$-li)n of ~ o

26oe-

llOol~lly

El 1 rape, h<>m loJ<Ie "' eO...mltl<'<l, t h

.. . - ~~II b..!..~~~!l~-~~-~-{l_!t!P.I!!~_!ll-~: __ - -

~-

E F"ECT OF PARVO'

ThiE. aricle -::

~rt~

19-97

:
:

bv the At1 ~i :R;:1100 l(lw

~ 9913

1
J

b.) Comm~ed
1

.. -4

I.

piJblic: :

a1~e

Or

d .} That the person l<idn;:)ppad ar ; 19Qo1.

detained Is ~ iMI:flor, female or a 200.5
tpublic offi,;e-r.

VQI~r'l~ry rot.e.aoo by the offenoor

ot the Z004
in kidnapping is ooJ ~b;s t;il utory
Such a retease i~ further made irr:Eie\la"'rt and
: imrnaterl;jil
rr ~h vf:;.!:im iE. a minor (M 267i 4) &inc:& in Jibs: c;pse ~Jha'l. is oorrmiled i:; ttte
crime of idB2!lf.lpa"tg and serious illegal
1 dgtenicn.

offendedl

_________________

~tty

or:n:

~i mui~Mg

c ) An'j ph"!f.Sical in;uries ere- li'l!'h-.;ted

r.Jpon 1he per&en kidnapped Of .
det;)inM ot thre-al& a kil! him ere

...-

1-

'!.l).:f

rncra than 3 da~$

au~horii.:r

- -----.---- .__

s.) Kidnapping o r t:letenlx.m last fol

VII

IX

preoaeru-

- Th!i!: s.ubseqoont valid marriage t1et\veen the

Vlll -B
party 1n the u ime of rape snail
I
e~tsi'tgiJISh the" criminal actian o.r he pl31'la\Jty
I
impooerJ=- - - - ' - - - ---1-T ITLE N~ E
CfUME:S AGA ~NST PERSONAl UBERTY
I
I
ANO S:e:CU RITY
I
CHAPTER ONE
I
CR;I;;i
A GANsT t ie R
- - - -L- - - -~ -
Art." : KIO APPI G
&
SERIOUS
ILLEGAL : ~006 I .:<.
'26j' :
T~N
i
!

~ __ L

XIV-A
XIV-8
VI ll-e

-oM"end~

liberty
3_) The- aet of da:ten1ioo ar kidnJP. ing i:s
iltegal.
4.} The~ in the Mmmissioo of the ottel'!&e 2009
8")1 ~f the- ~~ eirr::umstsnCE!$ Is;

+
W~i~ Hi:fMiictri~(e<imp~ crin:.e:;- - 2il09- XVll_:a-.
1

! IiaMs
RAPE

~l't.

:XJ.1 ~ '
X~-1 c.

- Oieferance .beeweee
eoorr:ian
. ..

c.naptm- m- CJjminaJ f(lw

!II~

X;o/

1-8

X.P!J.I'lM .~~

IIj The

~LLEGA.L.

COESIRC IO~

M1NORS

'Art.

KIElNJ.Pf'I'NG A D FAiil..Um= TO :JTi1JRN A 2002

a7,o !JMEN;OR
I

DETENTION
!
ba~ is of cmftins(! The ti.SSia o! um,~- I
. liability is the actual liab!lil:'y
i3
the
' m::.ir.aint or rocking up empbymant
of
of a pi3Q'SOn depriYing vioiF;!IK:e or ssricus
tlim or ~ib6'rt.y
m~rooximillling
viol~ in i~ID!Uroon
Wi l1'101J' ~lri 0!' It\~ o.f

mir.or

:2' .~

~r cielihe:.r.a~ fa

minor ~ ~i5 parents or guar:dian

----- . - .- ... . . ... _ lL~~

~ - V'tlhmt~U)' re!ea:se within J daY1i

of the victim
eof IJ1e kid pPingl .;:;ann~
illppmr.::iabad ~in.;;g
: me ~;,c noalty prMcrit:J.9d fm $.3id etimtl1 is. r:.tea .
(A$.$isl lo \IS. San DiQgU, 10 SC:tiA 573, 1.~).

I
I

XV

l.n a c~e where- 11\e e~se where- the ~J ic:hm ~ 1!100

kidneJ:li;ltN. legelly ~eiai~ . r;:Jped :;tnd then
! killed, the- oompoaie crime- .a~ Kidn epping. end .
Serious i lleg ~l detentk.n with homic:i~e ~nd 1
raps is oommi~ted ur.der this. ar 'cleo. (People 'liE..
L.arrannga G.:R No. t 3BS7 4-5, Ft~brual)' 2i:JO ) 1
Tt"te re.asoo for ~h is is th~ .AJ'Iide 267 is
amemted b-y R.A 7859 'l'l'hic:h reads to includa"lf~et'\ tha ~im its killoo Gr' a~es. :ats a. 1~
1 c:ons.eQt~en.ce or ~he oot n ~iC4111 or is mpeo:J . .
the ma!ll:imum ~-~~~l ~~~!~ ~t.!.~"'_P~~~~- --- _ __. .

Xlll 1

:KID NlA:PP~NG ~

1 20~9

20r00

id ~ a r . his. saf\~ica ;
2 .)
lr; is ag the minot's 1avill;
:3 ) is. for
purpcse of - buf'Sil~g the
'
()ff:en~ r of modobl ~Md IJy an ~~ndaM.. ~
QU!i!lrd~f'l or peroo!'l el'!triJS1~ he cu~ 1

II .

ai

IE!emants:

.. . .
i

200'4 I 1-B
1 1997 : XV
I

V~vnt r)' tele-Me ettn cnly be .

appset;:l;fl.1e<! in the .:;rimf; of lighC llleg ~
deentton (.meier Arlicle 2,1513 of tl'le r{PC} j
{As~isoo vs,. Sen Diego. H) SCRA 673. 1

- --~~-
SEC no TWO. -

1., 0~

2B9

of ;p

I
I
to restorce aaid
cua~cd)'

Hll'lCITA 1[0Nl OF CtiiU> ILAB<)Iit

1.) Offender is en ru81:edl wUh iits

II

i Arfl. SLIGHT ~l.LE.GAL IDl1ENTIO

i:.LEME TS:

-.?Q.11 ~=cJaj='=an..:.....,__ _ _ _ _ _ _ ____,Ly~ m

,
1

l .)Offenderrompal a debtor a work faf him

either a:s hcuaehc&i ser.-s nt 1Jr farm laborE1';
:Z.)U is agaR~
d tor~ will
J.)Thc pt~rp ool3' 'Cif P5 tiJ' enklrce the ;;.a ~me n~ of

detl4.

..
I

I
li

<

..-~.~~..

......'"if.. ,:"l:,o!L,:I

__~,-~~O:.I"rm& m

SEcuRiTv

CRLMES AGAINST

1
I

SECTIIO

- .... - -1-:~--

c.) Entering cat~ .

inn ~ a:;Y-1
other p ublic: pla.ecs whiPe tnay are
Op&i~ .a& prmtideaJ for u nder thie.
-+----:;:;-:;;:-;-- ~rticle.

ABAiNDO;NMIENT OF

ONJE. -

HELPilESS PER.Sot>.IS

L_... --t--:,..,....,....,.,.;...;
A,.
N-=
D,.,.;;
EXPLOITA.TI~-0~ .~'-J~qR~._
QUAUFtED TRESPASS TO OWEU.NG

I"

--.---

2stl

(See nlllee ifl Aliic:le 128 diifer-ence in tr~ W09

10 dwellin g m-~ vklla ion t1f d~)
2002

Difter~n!X! oohNean coerc.Jon

de~enl~ { SMI n~ss in M . 2'67
and &erious i llllgal detention

109i

XX

s.hootj oot beo oomplexed vmh I

frustrai:ed homic.ida since "~~"hen traspaS-'5 1
to dne-iling :::. ~in.ed as a mean:;. ~a ,
c:omm1t a mora ~rious ~:off-Bn~. suc:h II& I
aboortJEt.j jT. t.h 9 rl!a.1et c:rmw. In tl'liS. :
case rl. ~~~ o-.ly sne as ;;~~t~ a~g~atlng
d'l~ellin g

! 1 .)

I
i

.
r

. . . . ,..

.......

_.

.......

Ina n~ t~rohibitgd by 1~ or

. party_

1-:-- ]JJhllt

the off.endet 1'1 d_n.'? ~~rity to da so.

ll..IGHT C~RJC~ONS

Art.

287

---1-I

Unjust V.fi:(B iGA .... It ir'ldudas

an,,

human

rondoo wh~ ~~~hOIJ~h not rnoctocti'IEI of -some

h~:;lcal cr material h0ll'll1 wouki htn.WJller.
ur~j~ ly annJYt cr Yex .an~h81' pan;cn- (See
reli!led notes in Art 336 - A(;j:s of

-----.-~~,..._,..

has bea n p!E!~Jef"Jtelj by

~nolher from :

~QfCe Oi ~ di~f)fay o f fo rce .as. '~'~'QUid p.'OdiJ V1

st:r10 11~

h~1rr"1~1'".11 1~

pe~...:)rJ

in'limifJation ~rl.d can1rol the YJin of the oftendGd

har.t'! to
h imself the ocr::upants Of :s.ucll

I".JS.t1c.:e ui

11!-.a
. 111-b

b. ) eotnpallling him to 40 somtlthing agaimt

his will whs=heo~ 11 "be rlgl\1-or "'Tong .
2:.}
t 1J'Je p-.'"G'mnrioo or eom.r:uJI..,Ion is. done
~ the ~~ or violence 01 the l,l$e or m:ab=Jrial

b)

9S~

IX
I

by

PicK!!! gr ~~' ~Met pefS.OI'l:

To re roo1 :sc-r v.r:.:~ in ~11t

The~

$ 1l o~,.~i::lt10r"l:?i 'hhefeln a pr1vae- pers,.on may ; 20(l6

,e nter a dweumgl re.::tidenoe or 04he~ :
es1ablis.hmen1s. withou~ being liable fof
resp.aE.s t{] .cr~~lling:
1

a ) To preva-nl

and ieegsl 2000

~n a pping 1 9S~

19SI3

a ) ~ing ao.me

circu .,~~iUICe ~ Dwt:lhng)

ELE E NT$:

QtJ~I iflecl if com~lft.ed b'f meen$ of

~~IQJe ncet l ntl~~~tton
The- ~e af 1JBiifled. 1re!3paas lc-

28&

~ .} 0 ff9r\d9r it;~ pr~l.8 person.

..2.) OfftJndor' eM~ the av.-elling: o1 anc-1her
~~} S1.1e er*;t~~DCC iS ag~ ~~t 1he 1 el$ w1111

Si:C110N THREf:_- 11'HREA HfiiN"6""-- I

---=--=--+--=-=--- .. .
,COERCti!)WJ
1
Ar II GAAVE COERC~ONS
-- . . .----.f.---t--

1 Art
I

a\'arns.

l -- ---

r..C.:'rl oS 1

.._____ l asc.(l,rj;)us':less)

- - - - . - - - - - - - - - - - . - - - - .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .~...--

~1).1-!

. .

G HAPnERiHR:~

I 2000

I!X

1 EIS4
:2007
:20('}9

.X

20 10

\llll

t-1

XVIIls

b lseoiieR"v .li..Nh REVELA fraN OF

SECRETS
s T PROPERTY

t - - - - f - - -.....,c
,.....R""""'~r.,.,.e
="'s
~AoAI

Ch<BIJ>t e, One,

II

. ___J

ROBBEJRY m
N. GEN?ERAL _ _ _ ...._ ___
lROOB.I RY

',
I

. 202 :SCRA 5J It

1006
1992

1 }There mu~l ~ pel'9onel proper~J bslong

10 a:ncther
2 }Tha i!l. an unls\I!Jful ~ing of S<M property
3.}The takin1} must oo ~it h m in Mt to g In
4 .}The ~aking was dUns
roiJg ~ YIOfetlce ~ r 200'
inCir[li_gation ag-.a i~ pGrton or tQI(:e: ~n 1992
1--11-i n~ . _
..
_. _
200~
SECTION ONE. - ROSBERY WiiH
VlO LENC E OR 1 TIM IDA ~0 ~ OF
I

, - cu.~ncs:s, ~ tho-se arc S:mt.:'nymoue. with

ignominy
and
~dl~n i
nga
&ynOf'l ~'lltC!J3 Wltfl c~tt~ . (P e~ J~ Plaga,

..

1900

PERSO~S.

ROh~ -:- h.on'riti&B. Tha- mul " le ~&

c.oro - ad would ba oon s~ered as.
ra.~ing

1XVUI-2

l l~-b1 t

- n. does not matter whether tha deeth -Df one of

'I

the-

2\lllCI-

..2000

- II'! r _bel 'I with h.o cute, the primer; Oii-ni ~

lf'ltem lis lO oommit robbery, any homicide
corruntned 01' the- ('.HXaaion at the robbei"~~. 'IJnl:;'lne compog;ite from of "RcbberJ 'i'IW! lorn '
.v1ll :t;.e- c:har.gerd. ( In the Bye a of 'the !law only
crime is oommitted)
~ - If after the rObbiZ!ry U1~ 'lit..;Jrls weu: r-aped and
thea killed O'l'd U!" to j:!r"e'~rent teeni ~lion of
the Dflenoors the t:t'IIRle co~ ted is. s.t1ll

xu

on ODCSFJicn cl heo robbery (!P-e~ VE'. :

Oaminga.., 1 Bd SCRA 409, ~ril 1'990)io
1i

Jmm~~f

ltt8l' c~~m

.re

~r .!'.:::
pr'Odue b)' rat~son

XV b
;<XIII A

II

VII~

l l-b2

rho.::

by

wpentened
11~

wa.s
(}{" oo the occaskln of the-
ro/Jbel')', tJ ei(J!:e jf t~ o.~y fhs ,e:wJt. Oobt&iltXi,
IILJrootfl! .r.ef-erance- o... ooli'rli:tion a.s ~!J t/le
c:uc.umsJsncas, cau.ses iX mode."- or pi;Jf1.005
rffletll&nJI"Iq in the oomm~s:sioo ()/ t~ .Cilt:J"'.e, lhBt
has ro bs COf?Sidw"ed. "
'
.B3

Par. 2 -- Rol;)b(r.flt wnh rape

2004 LIX--B
200J 111

- n robber/ wiU1

rape, the pnm~H)' r::rimln

2003
ijntent to oomm11 robbery, an~ n p~ oommll1 XI 1999
on ~ oc:C819ion" of ~heo mbb8ry, 1 ~red

j-

cor'l~l~

1996

crime- of m b tre.-~ 'tilth r2.1pe ~

single mdi1taibla olfen&e. (n M ~~~ oi ttre1
~ law onf,' 1 crime is. commitlJ!d}
P

9Q6

u is

m.sm

I .eJ,b,r:::
1909 , II
1995 VI I-t
2007
Ill
2009
I~

brought about by the pOhC

in a shoot ou wilh ~he robber&, m onao-1 he robbe!l- w.as killed by the polioo oitteer$.
The c.flme- to be ~ rged ~ ~II ~I'Y w.:tt1 1
tx.micde as the htlmiada w.as. r
t'!t .about

1201 0

XVI t

~rs.

p;:oseER:Y' wrr+-~ \hot.ENcE - AGAINsT oN :z{)_o_5-1-v-1-.- - f

INT IMIIDATION OF PI:RSONS

~s.

WIC

1 9-9.9

The crnne of mbb

IX
X.\111~

'

wilil t(JJ>e

is. not

I~QQ7

CP:J~ .r1t - Crlmri}SI 18"14'

io"j ~

....=: ...z:::6.\

!-~ 1t.

______---=...;
VoJ
=u.m s

Puroro NoMs - 2014 E{flrle.~

committed ir ~ -~b~il$ ~t lhe: r:tnm81'f

intent of ha .a!XUSOO. Tl"tee ~Plio:ts iOn of therobbery r'r'lu$t not . rnerel:t .an sf1erthoug I In
c.td r Ul.at lhl~ CMWQStte erltne
t be

..'

-ExECLmlaN

',AJ1,
2$8

.' '

'I

V ~ CLE!NC

OF oeEOS

(D~ not rnmuer -~ io r~o:~ -he entereCI

oo~ng ~

-o('fe.l~er

2010

XXIIIA

Df

reD9ptar.1e
b.) B1 lslJ:ing auch furni1ure or oojet:t!S a~J~,Ia)'
k:J be broken and opened ou'lsidlt th

ey, MEA-INS OF 200'1 X.IV

'

- ... ~

h~

insen 1c defraud another.

him to e:-:acute Df deli'I'Eir
~m~ P'.lblic i!Dglrument or document
1 3. ~ The c:-amputsion .ts by means or hr&d1 .or

:Ml4

ntimida1ic~n

1
m--a:fm il ar tool&-. .:..:. 2o09 ~XV.~~- ;

P1oro

O$$io n ot p ic;::klacb
A ny per'SA'ln v.ttn '9Aall wHh.out IB!-N ful CC'Ntil!'
have h1s. pogsegsion pir:::klcck.s or ~il ar
toab ef.pecia!y adopted to Ch eomrl\iS!!iiOf'l ot

_: ~~~..E!L~e:-~ rob~.
:SECT to

Art:
:2tg

b ~ ,. .

2rKT

T\VO. -

th~D Q!!i~

ELEMENTS:

_-- .. -----...1...---~

ROBEUH~Y B Y Tt IIC U Se

Of fORCE UPO N Tt-UNGS

i\r-~-

'at. Wbbery

~009
2(]{'10

j,

with f~rce u;pon 1

I

1 ~2
1 .) Offender iG irl.Side a d'i',allrn!iJ hOuse, I)UDIIC :2007
build1ng or ad ifica de 'Kited 10. fe llgi~ ~"-' Or$h ip. :2001

~ . That l heie is. a ta king of pe~R~nal prop8f'l~

VI
Il l
X. Il l

Steaing

rom

i:h!caa~

.XVlll-a

.XI I

: 2008

\/-~

X\Ill

.an~he t

J . The the taking is done ,.,.ith in t~nt .gain

4. Tha the h'lking ;s dor~ 111~1'1ovt U1e ccns.ent
Of U'iO dm"Wr
~. ih~= ~he takll'lg be- ~ocomplis. hed witnoul
the \JS-e ot 'rt'lotence. In imida'fioo Of fame
UJK!n ings.
-

xvmA

1998
19GS

Ei-EMENTS:

2 . That lhe said pm party belOngS. t.o

-~r---1

2G1(1

lX I

'

EFi
Wl-10 AR.i \.IA8 ~ THS:FT
(See f!Otes or~ Artlde 1$1 oons:ummatE'!d theft'
1J'

1.) Offende-r

2000

. - ... p!ace of the robbery .. _

CIHAPTER n/<l

OR IINTlli110AlilON

Et!JUGANDAGE

~1'1..

uooer

a.) Breaking o f door e. wardrobes, c h~:o.

any ~he( kind o f E.aeled fumttuoo or

2.} Offet'\der eornpelf.

pr\l ~rw

g~

C H APTER THRiCE- ....

:I

person ii~o l

iililY Of he follf;:Mring ( iCCWll~t B nCE! B:

'.,
.'
'

'

~ i)ke s

oo anotnef with. lnlen1 to

-:' .I

1'.

the----

pi~)

\ 2.) 'The

c~ . \Nhat l5: oommiUed here ts. .an eo

C(
. Ot 1"01)1)
~nd another crime D'f
.
1
Dsfin i tiOJ? ta f cl bond ft~ pe-n~~y fm:uf1ed .f)y I
tlr~ m-entbe<n fhOf'f)(J(, Vthlen more h~ n
lhl &: tFtW m leftlct.oi""$ take pan in 1ne
(;Offtr'niSisi'On ol JO be~t it ~II be d"~med to
tl~\!e beet) cornmrt~d
~ band.

..

1~1

PQ1'50n

is i 199B

oons.idered ChEt'ft, pr!J-'iided that ~ h .killing is. n~;N

d~JM~ in order ~ :;'l.aal ut talner 1ne cr rm~l
. inten of ~
ng wa:o {]nl 1 oon ~aiI'M afttlr IJi.t!
~ d~ of 1he Ge01!18!513d .

~--~~~~---------------~~-

.\1 ~

..

..

.: :u-

.. ..,..... : .
_..;)'

~ ');.2k

.I

- ------ - - I

. I ".. .Thdt is li~ise- ~o~~ittad h~ :

I

1 --

'

pmcedlng mtde. rr oon)l'Mted by. a ct~lc

Mnrant, 9cr ~rth
.abL!.SS _Qf .~0 .
Itt~.
pr ir e opmty s.~ I! rootac veblcle, rni1i
rna.~er qr I
QJ oonailits of ooc:t)l'IUUio
tni<t}ll from t prttmi B~e~ of =h p!sntsoon or

11. ~

An iJ ~rson who, havM1g f"Ou:nd ~st

p r operty, s~U fa i to deUvQr ~h~ &a~ me to the1
l lo.eal aulhOorilies or ~o lt9. own.rrt

rn:e came

ta~n ~

pro;:.f!rty is.
. 11 doe::. nor mat er if the PfQpeny ts stolen It Is 2001
enov!)l'l the' the per&ona! propertv bolonged t{:l 1998
an~he1 and lhe 81;.;(;usad sited

r.1 ev.Qence of inten~

Phil 720)
~

One

AS. Avila 4

61 . 7 1. May 1. 1,;180}.

B.P

wno

rsceJ~s

There ~r severs en t.N~n s in ~h Ar

1 00~
Amcrtg ChMi;)" are thoae committed in ~n}' of
1he
rNII'I!.J lnst.anoa:

J)ropBrfy fro.rn ll'le f"lnder

th6reof 8SSJJm88. irJ ~f cootempJ(Jr~Cn by

~"O.(untar~ StJbsbwoon.
lo lh6 propertr ;lnd
lhe owner, t ),_:: .rr:1fatkJn OCCLJ.PWa' by the flt)($Qr,
,Piar:.(ng hm~.se1f 111 the ~rs stead tn SIJcr, a :
1
ca:~;e, ~'\r,~etht;ot rn.e j..'..SJ'Uirt ta~rrtg lh'f1 property J$

,s

I ga~Jtr mu.sr' be de:ttJmr.in.ed on ~~e .same

p (u~il.)l'e:.s Ih-~r' ~vem m N(e GR".c:e of the ~"'''I.J.iil1'
f.'f?dP.,r
~hefil'f (wtc:h ~ a pu 1lic officer rnav be
gw lty (), th fl: inst-ead oC r-nal't~er-saoon when he
talc'mg wa~ done when he wa=:. oo l~r l he
~ut.lir:::: aiftcef m~oountable for properties le'P'1ed
...
.

- A

n.
OUALI~I~O
1,1

. n;o
j'

oi targe- eaflla . - unda\vfu t.akmg of

2002
horsc iEi oanslde1'9d theft' Qf I ge catUe u nde~ 2.0[}2'
this ArtiCle)

fir?.l\ 2006

- Property ia taken on 1he oct:a$iot ot

earthqu i)Ke. typhoon. Y~can - eruptmn "' an:,
olhar cal mity. ~b!.;.ular ~;~r::::~ !.l~ or citil \

201

liiEFT --- . -.

tf~

an(: ~ .

___j
I

cut.

~r'td wh~ 1~1e has no hmita11Qn on the 1

dis_OO$Itlor'l o" klr~t ptodude:. found ~ r-a1n

under a llcoen:so
agreemefll, leB'Se, lr.;etlS or perrnrt ~~ II be
~nished v h
pensl ~ lr'J)pC'Sad under Arts
. JOQ and 3Hl or lha Rr;ase<J ~nal Cilde-"

wmhout

'f.JV
Vlll

~----~------~--~--------~------------~3r.r--

m- Crlflhn3i Jaw

~~L pr~~11!. 'froln any forE!!U ~. ~ ~lmPBf I

'f~1 alienaQI!=!' Q! tsposa!;Jia pu_t;>lte.lfc'ld Of frcm 1
rive

The t; ime of tnefl 'Silall be P1.m1shad by he : 2{11 0

pe.NIItiaa ne~ ighEir by ~~o degrees. h n :2007
ltJ'tO se ro Sf:e cl;f\l ety ~ cif.ted ] I' llie nell1 1

x.v-~

7il~ !rta1~ that - ~ .~l ~~:son 'llho e. half

gather. ~ or remO\'e tir'flb or ether :

P0

SLE 1ENTS:

Cfl~pter

ken en he oeasion of fire,

em1h~ak-e. ~f)M()On, Yol~n:c el\lptioo, or a~

o
calamity, ~rohioolar rac:~nl or ciYil
~~ rbance. (As a1
nde<: by R.A. 120 aRd

IX
XIX

to e~Of13' . Such

to gain. (Pecple

a F.ahponrl o: fishef)f. or tf

any

authorit)t'

Chaptsr m- CrlMJ.rJ f Ia w

31

;..-
~

;,.....;.

....:-.i.:t~: ...

Le.); Pttretg}~atas

-~

_j .---

-CI-tAPTER FOUR

- 20~ -~ Editioo

VoJurmt

. --

otherw~ Che- laneriS-ri~- -. -:-all~ tiabla.

--- ---X-a

1990

USJURPA11.;.:0:.. .N
:..::............-=-

Art. OCCUPATION OF REAt.. PRO~RiY' OR : - 2

3
US!U'RPATION OF" Ft<EA L RtG s ~N.

.Tfbe mere payment al an tmfundad eM

c.a:nnOi oQI\I'..a nee oo the crime of -as1tafa . inte nt 1o .
dsrraud must be ~ainad. {Quasbof't a, ed j
in'I{Jiving BP 22 see nmeEi on BP 22}

I PFtOPlERTV
ELEMt::

1.) Thal lttB offender ake$ posss&'Sion ot

8\rly real property o r usurps any ra
righE& in proopl!riy.
2.) That the rn~ prope1ty Cf r-eal righ s
b310ng to atJOLher
3.) That ....-.ol~ 4}1 1~lml 311on I$ I.IS! by
l h ort't:l"'dei"S In O<;:CI.IPY'ng 01 ll9urpmg
~he

r~~ r

~o

el'1 y or resr right

-E.staf.a <:ann~ be c001mitted WI'Crt'!l ~a~'5- I 2002

ord~Jt kl t'>O llabJc 'or th crime of estafa. .a
p on ru&.ttld mus-1 11 YO' mi!H'ppmprieted
$<)Fnethlng . 1l crime I not. oomriWU:ed When
thO ltc I.., s
W l'lllil.

I W6

re Ia. no

XVII-a

p roperty
~

lht.~t the~e

..
, - Only .Ar!

in letting ano1her taXI!

entru&terd cha1tol .cannot

rommittoo.

~-

. 19'92)
- . . .

..

--- . ~. . . - ,. -
Art ~
~ -5

'

tl

"Es'lafa

Chr~h

X'Vll-b

(People
~

.,

.aa. ..anhl e
cons.tl 1.1te

--- -- -- --

.
.
c HAPTER fl\1

CULPAB l e~

SOLVENCY

CHAPTER

S~X

11i199

.XtV;11

omuc-enol CA

1995

of an
esaafa..

~SOG 6135

(Estafa c:an Ofll)!' 1... eommrtled through dolo

ne\ler tnroug c1.llpa)

(P-eople v.s Juaoe .AJ1ec" e. Jur~~

- --

A money me!i(et ttanEiSC'bon part ~QS Od !-"!~}

e o e Lo.an. The non-payrn t Jor sucl1
'NCtJM not gi1ro rise to
crime of es.1ara

~--_j

n.tl1\

- .. -- . . .. - - -t

- Paymen.1 through the means ()f an unrundad

~ -thee~. obtained from s
ird parly r::an onl~
mako13 Lhe pe!"son ~ o negoCiaed the chOCk
liable for ESTAF A if saia person has ACTUAL
I KNO\''IJL DGE
;ha~ hr:r c'Meck i~ ur~1,~,,e1e-;.1

'196

I
SW1NUU NG AND OTHIER DECEITS
n
s; AFA
---~

a~

st:f'..usad pe..rsonslty. 1-\n ~~ r'legllgenc.e

-s intent to ~a in. .

31 ~ is oomml1ted e o~an ~f a per:;on is

killed in o rder LCJ or::c.upy or usurp 1he ~ I
property. ln. ,his case a cornp.:1$.i't r::tirtr 1S

.1

thing

XI

neg IiQ.el'lce 1" eo mce 'the crime c P 8&-fala fflqi.Jir et

lhSII .
PfO or gain must. be ootaiMd bv the

.j

1r1

201 0
2009

2003
1999
1992

Vl!l

I Xlll-b

I.xJl

XIV-h
X

through misapp opricwr;)fr or cOf'\ 'ef$ic;~e . heey here to detert'nlf'll

r he ervne of e:g;af;a 18
c.ommi!tsd or not Is o see

11 Cl'tere has. been a

'Ita! 1 Of owt.er.s lp of the :on~. If there is,

~n ft l:!i a
...ly cho~il ~'b lig..stjo n . Howa'o'ar 4f 1L
iti If
I~ en \.l~ed CQl'lltdenca tg .ano
r.
~ 1.llat
ll)e~n en1111Jfed &hould feWm ti
wt
p ~qn faiiEi t{] do, than
oo Of
ta~a
Ct;dlmltted.

1 17

. ._ n:,.-

t.O":~; Pamfo:J Nt.Jt~ - 2014 E~i(lf~

--------. . ---.. - . . - - - .- . . .

JIJ

- - -- _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _1_ #().!.1
=-:....:..:..
.rme
....:.......:..........

- .. -. . -- ------

1 - There- is no- \lio latiiJfl of thl!" cons.titutietlilll 1995

1 .orov~ ion of non-imp:ti:wnmet'lt IC4' II"!!n-caymen
.oF &:tbt whan ii! pGtson
cnar!iJ':d witt'~ eS!t It:~
tor fiilllure 10 tJ~iVer the p~~cee(ls- of g004js, 3$ "'
~rlty 1
oc a loon ~~ ~e ;;t trw$t ~
arr.angemel"'lt VYhat is: bein!} pel'lalized HAder
e!l.1a ~:S the c.!l19ii"'M;:.n~y ~nd abu:ie o.f
IOOflfideliCe cei.J-:3ing pr-ejudiGe to sno1her .end
not ;he oon-payrnenl nf debt.

~-~- ~~t(:.!./!I.Qle-5.-: 2014 EcMfoo

.....-----.

I
I

VIII

1~
romplsx a im1 of
falsiflc;alio-n crt dr:x;umen~~ -

Ettal'a

I
I

or RA. 188a provide&: .4ny pe r'B.()n o r

parsons who- ~all OOfi\tl1it -!!&'l ata cr other i crma
o f S\,~ind . IQ s ~t1Md ill Article 3 15t .and 3
of
tRa'llised Pen~ I COO e-. as am~d , sh ~
pu n.ishad by Me- iITl J)IIS ~
nt kl da a.th if the
$ wlr1 Iing (es tafa) t3. oo rn mt eel ~ .a .s.yr'ld iG-3rte
c~ting cf rrte or mQ~"e pe.rs~ fOtlllf!d w rth
che lrwte:t'\tioo O'f ~rr)ling -out ~h~ l.ltlliWt1'ur Ctt :
i~~~ ad. 4re Jls~icn , en erpq.ise- or .s.<:l'l~. :

Sec 1.

i1-a
'

Lhl'(lugn ,

8..l'lod

d ef audation

res.utt:!l

in:

~he

mi:;approp

j - A person who soli a c-ar ('lli~hout au~hiJfiCy ' 194J1

C'rcm he Ql,rmer) entrusted 1.o him for ~nting
~;an be .field liable- for -IJ!Stalfa e">l'l!'!lr'l. i' 1h was
delay ()f failure a# par~me:nt on ~ parl oc

stcclbolders.
XO\

lundS. solicit-ad by
! c:orporaticnsJ~e<:ifl:1ioo.s florn tM genera! j
associa;icn .

Art.
3tti

- Per!I.Onal t;;.ene'fil 15 no1 an elemern

egtafa

~990

jll-b

thr-ough

2005

~A11y

l ''Cll!~ property

1\s

OF SW~NDLI!NG
FtoH'$ 01il,

3a
IV-:2

e~'nou g h

. Est.ara throoQ!h
1
Cl~XUtt~c~.Jr'ltti
is.

INn~.

.
. r. ---

l<nowin!iJI lhat

,e ncumbe"~dl. :ll han dtspQ:&e-

I C), ltiho 511me..

. Art. Ibe
fWit recorded ...
OllleR OECEiTS

of Es1afB is -c:Ornm~d when :2(105

consent 00'\~VeYer with .abuse of
ronfidellC.e" or dscs1. 1he juridical possa~ oo of
an rbam i.s llansfarree to BDil~her parson.

I - Trte Grime

card CI'XiiS~itulll$ lhQ

O~EJt FORJ.M$

P'a!r. 2 -

of

or

~.-_...z:: blic.

-ot he car"

i - ~ l.f.S8 Of a false crarJ

tne

l ie-"~ .Of roone~ conlr.ibuted by :

oOt mambers of rural tanks.,
cOOpare=ilfa, "~ m~h ~ r'lr.)y~;io~~.&.}", or farmeJS. ~

(Miele- 31i 5 Par 1(b))

'

2011)

- A. pe1s.on ..... 11o t.t~~11e<t to re11,1m a bom:~ed I 1 99'.2hor~e- Cflrl be I ble- fer U1e crime of e-stafa ;

~r

r~

-----.

- A pefflion r'llay oommit 1he t::rlme Qf Est.:Afa tty 2000

tr.eud\!!~en
acts ex-ecuted rlor to ot
simu tta~n eol.4 with f.h.a
rraud Qr f;;t ls;-el~
pretend In to pt~s."SeSa agency.

I'

..: A pe-rSCJn .'ilhG forges th~ sign.:rl.t.lre of heo 1900.

avmer of a regt6.1.819d lot a:nd J"M!rtgag~ silJid
lot offl:tho ut al.)'lhori.,.J 'fi.om h a- IJ"'m81 is Iia bIra- fur

___ .

~ c:rlrrw of ae;~ be<:~~& s.uch - ~ct;i is

~ oonsld()md .ee. defraoo.irlg another by means of
d~L il'lnd lhat dameee i!li cattSe.d b~ said act.

rs.

...
....

11998

eut;:b onc;mlbralitt&

- - - - -- -- -

. .2000_

.
tl

falsi~~11on or oomrnercial
commrtled
~fi ~I"'S.l
t111l- .

Jl~

..

..

...

.e--

VOJV,j.:i. N:.
,-----,,- - - - . .

. - - - - . . .. -- . - - - - -.....,...-,....---.,....------r--

ecnr li'l~(t~ trs:d&:- ....:,onc~~;,:-me tin~ ~mi

eMhf encH1 or m erely inel-i.IG:nla-1 to a
~n lt.g purp:ose I!J.tlch as. but r~;ot lmltcd to
~r.U.ots, mobtls., trsnel a t dw~.ii ~UI'Igfi . public

9D"t1Bmman'l' Y.rhN1 s ~r!l--an tried" ~o defuu.ld 1.he ~

giYI'ammen, ~hrougn the U!!ie ~ f-.t~~l.$4: ~
eormwn:ieJ and -public dcc:urnen~ O~rrlilGJe ln. I
1---1~~:;..;.
~ case- ia not naoeBYI .

.Ctnllp;ter S.oYc

oon!J~, n:eo:s

~rR~l'ro~s

~OTE: The lew on ar;;on ~ced

a s. rollo-.'I.S:

tell'rn irwl~~

1he ar~n de'f l;. d

klilowJedlJlC . U a the:rs a re p;e i"S.Ml a. Itt ~l-(1
bi!Jllltflln g Oil' dlln.;~ ilt tbe 11me tt i s e.e-t 100 f3tc
and re~~rtd~~ ~~o .Of whs er U.s b umldl;n g
ia actu1d ly l 'lh;albtit dl or rmt 11

Ch~~or iuM
ARS01t.l ANO Ol.leR CR.JME::S ~NVOLVING

stops: . 11x

r~g:)l'tttJ ~ of w hether

CHATTEL MOIUOiitGE

- ..

01r

too '1 ~toS

1-g as

IL,S, Any buiteUrt;g tho b!Jm lng or which is ror

-eo n~~~ ~ir g1 or d N1fg.ying
f ~jef&JrtC:E! Df -8no'~'IQ!f 'liota Oil .gf law. or for
1 1h:
p~rp:&~S! c f concaa~b1 g b, ~l(f'\Upk= y or

. 'ho p u rpose- ol
1.) P. [) 6 1J (bcept 89ction 2 ~;;~.rh ich defil'!e$
destructive arson)
2 ) M .320 (Da:strucfure l!.f'son) oF the RPC

c.redi~ors &~

Id

frn!Jdi n!Q

euranec."

~-;-I

lQ

XII

t(lll\1oct fvom

'

~z;~~.!!!;~~~~~.~-- -_j

C~IP R TI:N
I
EXEMiPno:N F~(liM CR~M INAL UAa iUTY .
IN C:RJME:S AGAINST PROPE'R'JY
.
Al1-- PERSONS
E:XEJMPl .fRai-1 CRIMINAL ~000
Jn LJIAEULITV
2(1(l-8
I

~ ~- A ~~ bu~ld~nt'l
-own~h~p~ (ff.l li'ChN:I

of

pub l~c:

or private
to the :p1t1b lic in gren<~t ral
-o r ''Nh~l"tt jiJ(H>piEt l.t&ual ly gsthar -ot
-cangregate- 'PQor ~ -d ~n ij puli'f};tl5.(t s.uc.h Bs.,
lr tiitedl l" 1 offig~~ gJOVemmental
1 but n o! m
I f unction or 009~00$$ 1 ptlv~t: 'b"ai :saetio n~ !

I XVII-c
XVII Ire

1~

fX..I:)

2:000
: 2000

.XI

Vl-1

~ o c.rimiO<BII, rbu! ,oo~ el\'iil l~b-i~ity 1 a lilaU i 20 0

!.J~t fltor:rn Oils ~Commls.'B:Ion Ql
to~IOY'Iil!tQI ;

XllV

((.l'

c~moo ;

1.} Tu'(!IA

2.} S.WIIilctllhtg

3 .} F!JJ~II~~Yil m iKhi ef

Con:~mltllet~

.
I

(:lr

eal.ls&g
foUo.w in 9 pe rs;() n~~

I
I

3 ~IJ

mutual ly !by

lihlfJ- ~

I
I

I
I

I
I

:321

~~

1/afums

. . "'

; 1. SpoU:9ifJ'$, ;p~eendama and deac:endan18,

or Nt:latlvt&.s b)' alflnLty jn

t~

r;:.)COilabiting. with her in an.y

3.) VI.Mh regards o- he YJCmiSi n ,

I
'I

h im

e d ecea&ad

s~me

r$

3- Brott.IC<rs an d :li:stvri ,aoo rJ.J tot rl tO-.rt.-.1~1:-olii'W

a ut $l~te~ -i n"'l Mit if li~J ~ Illi.S ~got1h ot . "

'
I
I

CHAPTI!:R ON
~y

1 ~ ..lf'!r'lictts

Thd ~

I
2002
2008

X-A

X"

-I

marr ~cl

C! OiNC IJb~ NAG if

--- - --- --- -------

Eleomeri s:

Art
33:8

ACTS OF. .U
. SCIVIOU SNESS

I Eternsnt:s:

'

t;:ommns

1 ~ "\8 man m!JSI be mamad

.2 } He committEd any -c 1he f kn.\'1nq ac'l&
1 ~ ~IJIJill

Oll"t'EIIr ~

o ) HaViing a s&xual i ntvrco'Ut.

"'ei!ndaous

woman net

~;:~r~ Mo$~ n {:lO

~ ~ w&
,c.T

any

LJfl(ft}r
with i'i

-of .

!:!"9.

"') he ac1 of la:-sc:rv-KJue.neaE- is comm1tt

~;)!in$1 iii

per:gon of either -s.m

3.) That il is dcn.e u nder any o-f

foll~'f'lng

cit ~ ms.1 a.nc.es:

a .) By using k1rcs or inti~a t.on
b .)
n th9 M n etJ ID~rtv t!1
uncortsciOLI$
or
Oilhervnaa
da~rved

p;ng a mi:str-as:s m

n-ow

l~ci"'iC'AJSJ\eS !I- 0' lf:l1~d

IllS ~mr:~n is ~ tt1 l;(1

nother.husb8i'ld
3.) \l~nlh regar,ls 40 1he man, he must ki'IOW her

)K

Of LASCIV~USN!ESS
IS
a (!-,j,me agsimd
~~~
' ,::.,
;,_;;;
niiOrni ,Q~d imJ.sh<i:~ UJt;@.J' ,prtl~:le 26<6.- .
rThsCtimO ~f fl 'P

1.} Offen .t

2 .) Th4)t $he hfte:l ~~ l,l;;tl ~ nler c ou~e- witr. a :!l\11111

to be

ANV CO~CIJalNAG E

WHO ARE GUll TY OF ADUL TERV

1)

Cf-tlAJPiJlEFl lW,Q

RAPE. AND ACTS

TITLE ElEVE N

CRIMeS AGA~NIS T C HASlJlY

AOU l

mu:n knOW"

to be married .

at il.slaFJCef>, IS- any

that ;a. ol'e p tmsiWe, ~nda tile
prt~bltc CCJ - nee, ~ d~ to the dettimant of
he ( ling& o1 h
p C-!I"'IS s nd gi:-es
o~n. to the ~lg .
e_plmual dsrn:JQe ot
ruin. (f:ieo ~ . S n~os et ~I .45 O.G 211

s'hi\111 hav-u p-as.sod

i !i!lt Cll ~h Iii" pQI&:Ss:s.s ion of an otth liN"i .;Jrn;i
before ilia

r e>laee

<~.
Scandlal
circu rr~ero&e

rn pec;.t to t h:e

property whf,ch belong-ad lo

-------- Yo!~..~ ;

Lex Psrafu NCJtf:r~ :. 20J4. ~gjV,iJf) _. _...

amme lin&.

"2. Tho widowed spouse wi

~j)Ousllt

C )

a:r

orr~on .

leJI'I

Qf

U1hor1l)t

9r:3't18

or

abUS1

of I

fraud

nt

rr'laChlnehons

d ) V!,!hen !he offecdsd party

is
demented or urder t 2 !r&at$ ei

jl9e

..
0

.......

.I

~X.
- /='ar'Et~O

__

ND1CS - 201 .... ~ di'IKID

-- -- _ __,_1/~IU

La~E~t[..'Jo ~tt!Js - 2014 Edition

r- --j"i:nt.Clr.J{.'e..th-6 ~eB
1

of s~ of 8-vinool"rD
wmnftrl Of goOQf r putatkm1 (U.S vs. ~en, 34
Pflil BIJS) sine-a Wflltl is b'Utg prm.ish(Jd by &
t~w fle~re JS ~ lhe itljwy 10 the YI'Om8/1 but fil-8
~cflmgs and' altmrt lo her ''~ mrty. ' {rJ.
vs.

____,

'I"

,_
I

R6ye.s 20 PIJit. 51(})

~ C~j~ry r'liea~

. Art.
34o;

ted ~

_: afa 1

~o- urge WUh genle:+

cmd
.

, cdl Uery;

CHAPTER FlrYt:
P\ROVlStONS Re1LA11V TO TH

PRECEOI~G

CIHAPTlE RS OF Tlf:l-E
PHO.S&;CUT ON OF.. T5i

J_

..".

l.EVEN
CR
S - OF

ACUl Tf:RYi CONClJlBJN.AG! . SEDUCTIONJ

AIEUJUCTIONi
RAPE A NO
AeTs OF

I t.ASCIIVIOUSNESS.
Adultery

!-

pr~eute<j

and cOfLUbin~e m us-1 be 199'1

Of'ly upon h compi:;llnl ~ne:j b:.

Vir-b

4he of1'r.lfldea spoue,a_

I
I

II

1.) 0 ended party rnu'St be .a Vlf'9Jn 1

2 } Offended p.aro)~ n)ust be over 12 and under
1a yearg or aQEJ
3 ) T~1 e takang Jli"f.':a'l ll)l~S.1 be vli~h the offend d I
1
:P:uw .s coos-em a ftes solic1ta11on or cajolery 2
"ron) ~
offend .
.) The ta);ing mu!-1.be lh IE!"ud' des1gn-s.
1

Even 1he pro!>lem doe$ r~C4 ind.cile v e4he1

lhe ml1'lor abduoh;CI i:: a v ir-g1r1 m no1

a nole
I tha-1 "VrtgJilily r<Fderred t4.1 Jrl t~is ar"(~~v"ie- ~1.1Jcl' :
I noJ be IJI'1'691'Etood ;n it's m~l&ri.a1 ser:a.s-e as to :

If a hwsba.nd who is ;p foreigner ob~ined .a

decree .of dwor.c:e abroal1 .ag ne.t h1s. Filipina
t~ifu. he- bas no
ail scanoln anymore llle
-~
~SO" of ad lery ag_ ns.i h18 ~.rn te-_ _

i llTwE T\lJL. VE

-~

c.vn.. STATU'S OF

,
r
1

CRfMES AGAilt~St fiHE

PRSONS

CHAP''fiefi ~ IE
r
SU\UJlATJON OF BfRl'iHS AND
~
USURPATION OF C~Vlll STATUS
.SIMULATiON OF IB!JRTHS 1 &UHSTitTUTION 2002
05" ONE CH~UD fOR ANOTHER AND
COf!ICEA MENT OR ASA-N00 Nlh1~ OF A

XF

I LEGmMAre cHtLO

J25

:5 PQf9too Notes .. 2!11 t!dll~ . _--

-----

-1- .,

The ~rltr'le t:~r S]mulation et! t;.1rll'l

'5 ~omm.1ted

when a person makee. it app~ r in the birlh

cel1iflcatP.o oJ a chitd thai ~he persons named in
the b1J1h oe~l~te a -a tt.e pa~ nt!Jo of sa child,
; w han in ~rulh and lf1 fact they a re not feally 11m
tliological pa1e n~s Of~!~ ~h1ld :._ ___ _
C APTE:R 1WO
~~--~~ - GAL ~RR~BE$
IB!IGAfiiY

ot

...
I
lr..
:I

'

--

_L _ _

-1.....
I

--

2004

V-B

1900
2000

VI
XII

_lj
I

2.} That he h.f'luw a ~ 1tta t1me th ~ ~ : (Aff'l cl

the
ngJ
a.J RequiremE:i"Jts of.l he ~ 'd1ere l'1o01.

CO$e 1~

firs

marna~ ~

'."Did ab imlra t1'te

.XI
XV

1.) There mu t be an jmputatmn of her.

a) A c:rimln.al act ,,,as. commrtlad by the

offSfl.ded P8rt)l
D ) A 11-~D:: or deleet r6at or imag

PJ

or cirr::urr'!-1Brv.;:~ .-el t4}d to

offended
par1y
2. :1 The lmpu~atJoo must be rna:de publtely

lha

l1

I 21J[]J

Xt

J.) Dlre(:ted C il naCura! person or IJI'le ~ hQ 1'$ 1'993

dead tf ~t dlre<::tty re-ferred to pen:.q,QJ~ \~~o
_
hps ~g_rL~I~ honored must b!=t denlifiaqle even

\)y RlnU:Er:Jd~' =
4. )ThaJ"e musl :be-

\~ II

XVII-A

1(102
rt'l311c-e -e 1th ~

- Ofh.efW1$e kr'lovm as
.. Expres.s. ~alios. Thia is ~oo.vn b~ r frJOf oJ
h~~ r ill w1ll or purpce.e tn tnjure.

.a. )

campuect w1L-h

..In

..'

Ct! Llool

c.) Any ad, omt,sioa 01 c~iOOn, statLrs of, :

2004 . V -B
1S9J I IX

i 1.) "fhal the- !Jifendel Cootfl)CI.ed IDa rriBQI?

AND ~l)N1:$HMJ.<N1 O F T1H CRIM.E:....

:=... - - I -

E l eme n ~

EHcmcnbi ~

", --+--~....J

LIBEL

--~

-4-- - i--

c ) Sard mSlfriage was i,. disregard d"

legal .
rrn~t
;,: } Offundar mu!Jot rrQ1. be guilty c4 big~I'I"Y!,t

1.) That lhe- oftenaer is. legel n1a ~1

2.) Tha! 1he rna~e- ha& ncl been nlssal1ed,
{lr the c ;s~$ e an ab::;anl apous.e, 11
ncl
) be p reaumed 11131 the sa1d ab&ent :$po~.~se i:;
tld
3.] I ha1 he oonlrsct~:~- a sub~c-Quaol marriage.!'~ ) lN.It -the e.ec:or:d or :S.LJbssqu ent m.enJage ,
has ;ii lhe 9-s5anti~uis1~es or al drl:;.

Al't ~ULGAL M ARR ~A GE

350 I

CRIMES AGAI:NS.T MO 0~
CHAPT'eR ONIE
UBEL
SEC1ID 0 ES. - DEA mo S, f (Y.IUt1Sl

li

-:ru-r LE iHIR'J'!fN

law requ s. WiB1t a iud"i.r::ial de-c:lerati oo nul~

be aecured first 1r:t &-tNef'B the ma.u1sge bond.

ifalioa m

b.) Malice- t1'l lattt Pro:Jr ~~ ncA requin;<J he~e

:sin:tte If 1s preiUrriOO hom ~ha d a f.am ~tory .

utatH:m .

Howe.....et'

;.s prrvileged.

when he commur::&tiOtl :

oR'Uilll~e IS

noc pres1..1med ftom 1he

J~6

..

.. ..
..-...-...
:.

--- ----dotemstory '"..Ords. - - -

i

---r-

r-- -41ight
that

a . w.r,
b. Printing
<:.
hosr

111.

I
~

,Pohical csndta I.e may not be held

he stated '"'hat appears
p ub liC r ~OHI$ . Such as ~ l'lef'l h .&1at-es '~il
opponent lS charged w1h ~tafa With
~i oo be~re !he Ta ood~yar1

.. Hottever

ptry
.

0(12

on

XVII-S

' Pimnogr

9 Pa:nl'fng

n. Theatric~~ o(;l;r.hibi~ioo

Clncmalo.gra,phlc
rlion
Arry olher s.lmllar !flBBAS
1.

OEFAMATION

roos .

X\I
CfijMI lAJL 2(1(t4 ' X-5
I

AND:

A
3:59o

I m co 'II:ERSATION
DE.FAMA nONl
CRIMINAL.
.
I.. \IJ OOAL
{A~~~~~ _"'s_, coNV~RSJIT!Otl~ ~1

NOM

-i

I
I

I
I

~~ Any

a ct
conod1tioo

~rrnssion

Said hum ts

or a pol .:J

ed ae. \

1o .

~use l and adtt erv.

:?.r

11
aQ ns:t h011or
.. ~ ---

a::. a cnme
.
Deofaned in la-.'1' aict.t:Jnar iee.

I-

A poJitir:::aF -r..arxhtl~le mat ooty be

h~

fef' 1 1990 ; Vl

l
I

or~ar

pe nor m~

any ac1 not

.honor.
Such act Is Defiarme-1 m N
G1ther ~ersons

J)r'"ll'Senoe of

3,.) Such adS CPS1

eontempf upoo lh

~~~~~ci~~~~c-~r;~e- No det~nitc oo~-~ ~

I
-... ----
I I
I
I

incluoed m any othet cnme ag~lnst

II

d1e.cr.edrt

;r.

It ~ a crime agai ~ hor'IOr which I$

comm ted h-. pari
ng any a.. ".rt"rn
east-s d'i!mQn(l( -discredit 01 oXrJ'!OO:m;pt to
onother per-.::or.,

1.) The

relerenoe Lo

e.-e:.:u inmroourS m
SI9411"1!;L a
~rson oort.E~in ~rime~ .su~h j!
-done orany 1n putJfic I a& rape, sadu:::uon 11
l&horu:~.

9Y oeED - - - -

Elements.:

circu msta nc~

IIte:ndtijq~
I

199\?

i=.t

c r1minall~ Jli(ilble f Ydlat

Enw.a~n g

,I ;;: I ORAl

'l

pi!Kipte CQUid ool 1hi.nk d~rly . {As h ~ ttl Che

case of People 'w'S Larogfl 4 1} O .G 123)

e. Radio

...

a-. ,. . .

lander~~fe i(;" i-.1s <JPeech ~ill~

his opponent In t.N! elaiJOOn i~ fObbM and
lhief. The- e ason fer s~tt:h i& thaL 1n s poh!1cal
meellri$J when feelings are running . h.igh,

;~~

- Abat?rlt thl} inhm 1c c:ae.t dishonor a c. (3) the

crime ('i.)I'Ornittad is m ~I:Jl'l nt unO:!r ~
266.
..
: Jut, Art 35 1 ProofciTh(J lfP.Jtlr .:.. ln.every criminal
.2009
, j q 1 pf'09.eC\JOOr'l ro t hbel , the ru~h may be 9''-'~rl 1n

11-2

xki
J29

LeA' Paf1:to No.rf.!r-

201~-E~~~ [G~I

L~

-- --- -

e-\li-ience t:. he court "aiJ[f ~Tappe3rs tl'la~e

mau-er charge-d a.s li!JB~ous is tf ue. ~M
mDf<BG"IB, lhaf: rt Will& publiShed ~h "9oOO
mo \'e!i and Jor jus~liii'lbkJ eslli , ti'Je Cleien(Jant.:s
shall bo- ~IJ
. .
- _ _ _ _ _ __
s E:c "t'ioN t\vd.- GENERAl. PROVISIO S
CHAP1 ER TWO - -- -- -

CRIMtNA ii'ORY IMACHlfNAT ONJS

--- - -

Art..

lra$-

Trn.. e FOU~1'EEN

IR.ECKt..ESS

: 1.) Offender fail!:i odoas an act

fall$ to do

t .) Ladk {]r pt'ecautton on th~

rt the 2000
offatt.dor
2.)
aamf!se pending Lo be caused 15
nO'
media :a or lt'!a- ~nger i& 'flO~

_,_t-~
I

: 200

II

I 2001
19ro
2008

VI
XIX
ll;)j

~at

\fl. I

LJ. ) H:is cc:cupalicn

h.) Degree of intelltQ91W3, PhysiCal cond ~lon

1
J

In

alld
. :- .1 other cirC~Jmst.ances. r~fll"~ng t!lnle- al"'t'.::
plr<~C~ ... ,_.... -------.L--1--

__l_

G.R No. 74324.

and &A'EifCJSB
aJ! h'IS S'CI'.S. . rs h~s rJl w bB
cetr5aus, r::.flr'&lr..ff, ~ pntdfm(. II ool fron1
i Nl$Drld, U1en ~hr~ f8ar oJ inclN11I1~
1 punishment rftJ r.s respon.slt:Jf& for s-uch ~suNs ,
as s.nyor'ln- mJ.:Ilt f:::~re.seet '!J(Id ~ JJ' s cr.s 't'.nfl:::l"' oo
onS" ~ lr:t .'l.ar.oe periomn~ ~ ~.):Cepl t.nm~~.l.1
~lfb.le 8Qend:Jfl Ol!l"'et"WJ$8 hs mm ,[)~Y.Son.
righrs 1100 property, rt mesa oi nis fetfaw1
~mgs . wo..JJd a...er &e e po.!lsd .to iil1'1' rll8"Y..er of .
OWl geT ~md inj~... - U.$. 119. Maleza. e1 ail. (1 ttl 1
Phil. ll88 470)

act

~s. ~ay et ~ 1.
19BB)

Wf) refiadwn

1 2 .)

m~nifett.

n.
oAA m,;rn mum UB9' COO,r;tt.t'ln $811SB

a" .

That. such ~ or f-31l ur~ t.;,:o oo s.J~ 1e.

volu ntary
J.) That ~rc w s. r'1(l ma l~ in the- doing or I
suc:h ad.
4.l Ttlat he1e (e$J..IIted a rna erial damageo as a
tes.ul~ 01' sucl1 3C'I.
$ ,)1~ t ~l1ere t~ ine.xcuaabee lac'k. of pr~calltltm 2007
1'1
.Pftr1 of he person performing. ~VItr.! lh13
t \'lng taken mto COJ"lslderaton

. '

IU

Uembef

x-tt

2009

o.

lemenm:

_ __,___ _

iMPRUDENCE :

I
I

PlE IMPRUDENCE

(Poop!

11es..

~~

.
i

QUAS!l.O:FFE;NSES
S(lll:t= CHAP"'r EJR
..
CRI . LNAl NEGLIGE:KC E
I JiMPRlJ [J EN:C ANO-NE:GUGEi\ICE-

}"

VoJumenf :

.PortiO i*ltes- 2ll14.Er:;ffloa_ __

Ln the pr~l'lll g1\le.n at 1tv.: 200 t ,

Q11,Je$lion ~I b~t -ex:ems, rt. oould t.e
a rgued th!J'U.Qh tl'l:ftt nc c:rim1n ll!ilbilify 1s 1
1nc:urrad sif\Ce 100 eel ot frigh~enin.g 1
another ts. n~ :u -crime. The 3CCI.I!.J~ did
not know th~ the clecea&t!d ~ a 'NBak
hea~. -r~u'llllQ in his de~l'h 8e-31da-s d
---=coo:.::. ld n~. be___!s li~' he~---~-~~-d

I
I

__

I
-

. ... .
- - - ",!._.

- - : ..!:!:.7.... ry 1o:o,;) I

1
I

~--

- ._.1 1~.10 .. _

- -----.
rBB50t.a~ (foubt

t.~ Pati!(u NDtf:$, - 201

-

----

,.--

th,et he frrghieflrrlg- ig.

I __ -

L
I

~D?SSI9 d.
-

- - -

J:~

(Af1'8fft:JUri aC4--orrJin9 to lhe !lumber of times asked I rum h-lghes.t to fot.ve,st}

(
j

a.}

iI

-------I

orugs. ~ndJ(11 eon1r1

Ess.(lnla Chemicals.
Sec. 11 -

~em

F'retwsors. ;and

too

nos~sjon

oJ

Se<:. 18 USB of ~rous Drugs.

2005

Xl" -a

_ . ~.J'11~

RtEPUfll.IC ACTS

j"'R.A~ ~OMPR~~erilswe oAN'G"Rous DRUGs

'

---- .. --

Cdinoo

Clelngarous Drugs.

B.J .~uo . ta~ fQ'J'.$PE~J!.l_!... PE~~t..lAW$;

!
'

I.

'I

r- 1

---r-~

~he pt'C')'ims1e cause f the treath or tjh

.c1.: r-:ot

1zoo9

I XII.:b'l
2009 X IV

! 9165 I ACT OF :2W2.. (Pforoulgil!10d=200ZJ

j
,I ~~-PM &!~.3 (I) O~n Or\ttHx f<~:)lt A pl~oe ~tJhere ! 2007 II
1
II
I nay dangerous Ch't~ enolor c-ontrolled
I

e~ :& h.~U tiilot ~

. lie~
~h,e1e_1
\f)BJ~FI .t~ ets_o rou~- t9 '
ha~Q- N1 h /her oo~a&'9t~ $oUCh. q ntJ ' of

~_ill,- ~~-~ ~Q.I'\ltl p~~~~. for unasr

~~~.....L- of ~ Ad..
wnvoo -case the
prat.ri-sloos !J;t d therein ~ II aD~'

'

199.2 1VIJI

I Sec 4 lm~ortation of Oangerous Or'ugs

I andJoQ( C-arl1rolled Prewrs.Mi af'l(t Escentlal 199(}
Chemcals - This ~ icla ptmlt,hes: the tllegaJ 2006
.l rm,portc'ttion of dangerous dr~:.~JS.

I'

pan of thi~ <r1icle- llso pumshes

II per.s.on, who .acts as a '"prmectot/codare; o t
any ... rolf:!' lor of the P0\li'stoo.~ under 1hi~

1 The

la~;L

I Sec~ On .

~ So-::.

/
1

proc..uroor and
es5ential
~he
I i:s
\ adrnini$t red, deliver-ed, s.tOied fOf illeg
i pul"pcse~. distnWed, sofd os I.J'.aeel in afl)~
1
form (N.Xet An;- paraDf"' ~ugh-1 whil-e 1tsiting 1
: ~he aba~o~e m~IKJned .t~lu;:;.E- r:an be t.:l'lilrged .
j Y1dth \liola1t011 of this taw

1__ . __ I. .P.~t_ri~IJL~n

1
I

.;

Trad1~g.1 1998

5 - Punish.., U1e sate.

1 Adm~tl"StratM:~n
Oispen$f*:Uoo,
Dettu~rJ,
1

Xl\/-1;1
XVl

IX
1993 1 Xllf e

3n~I!~rtsf!9!_1:-Bfto~. -?f. 9~n]~.r~!U99J_l .X~~-b _

----------------------

3 - Ple-a bargaining in prO$ilGUfions ., 2005 .XJII.I,=)

Sec.

drugre\al.ed cases ia not allovled un.dar AA .2il04 1-B

9 f65 r~rd~s of e II _posabte pen a~
~ 99$ .X:III-1
1

A person i3 no liable tor violation of R.A 2002

9185 if he WBS Jtiilf~ h~d aJ $Lidlet :
of drLJ9S. net n~Ning wh~t he coot0tr1t of
~ id
t v . 01 thet lha pe1.son
ih nding It kl hi is a1 ug ueet Qi }
pu$.her. T t-e is no ctimtnat II ility alnCJl'
lh
is no animus po-ssi.detKJi. (ntent o

XX

p ~$Qss.)
I

... Th-e aboonca o' marked money

.s. oot 2000 X~ll-b
nsa
In p o - . tha a petU!n i:e UJDS UI-D

ot d rug

. :Ph:fll"..ent oJ
~
element or
'eq - rte Gf
aime.
1e perledrld
con1ract of :sale -o1 oangE10U3 drugs may
be adeQu~ ely proyen
oug-11 otMr
1
"----~--...;;:e...:..
vid
..::.;;;.:
enc
=~......_
P
le \ $ ..one. 2~5 SC RA~------'-------~
ro.ns~en: itioo

pu
1$

not

3.1..3

!. ex Pa r8to ft!ote s - 2!n .t E.,;t~ rJ{)J')

I
I

J.

i.

- - - - - - - - - -

- - - -

;--r - i33f - ------ --

0/?. - .. -

-----..
''
I

~----l

- - - 01

~ Sac. 2t'l . Na-n-App/ie8bif.ity of the Probatiort 2010 XX

; L~w fa.r D11J9 Tffllf~er'S and Pu.sMP!i. - ~

I f)tltson
I F)t!S.hins;

ano for ~tr\~1').

; the priv~lege- gfanted by ~ Prot.k:!tion Law or

1
Pre:soen1i;;!!l Oecrae No. 968. as; ;;.rnended.
I

i5 Qualifying Ag ~ r~~~ing 2005 vt

Circumstanf'~ ~ in !he Ccrrvrw:ssioo of a Crr.n~ 'I
b; an Offe f'N;:Iet Unoor the I nfJuenoe of
Sec:.

,.....

i Sedioo t

r1 :irJ ,IIIQl

A J~ ~---~-.
~rrmn~

P~l Code-~

iii

~
1

i !1~

: ~!!'"CIJI1'l:S~a~ ir, tl)g_ ~!tl~Si~ of ~ cri~ I

. b:i. j!!r"l orrenLilti'. a nd h~ a pp.;r-...8111:)1"1 or 'the
. pen;;.Uy t:~r~idcd fur in the Re~,~ ESed Pana1
j Code s~ ll be- app lieabl ~ .

2 009 x.JJ,.e
!lj ..."\a
f oe Rtil'i'lWd nm~ XJJI
2005

sen~nce

2D 10

Ma:<itnum tarm: \!Vhst ie ~ by

Cotle:
1M 'llm~.:~rn te m : Wr n 1he rBI'\I,JB of 'the
pEl fl,J!IIlY l'fi:;>f.l IO'lfG(

to 1hat

I Code- f-or v " n& ;

B."t

Pfl!lliC ri bed

by the

~ndetem"'lnilte :!'lenter'lte for ~r;:i~l laws 11994 X~

I

~.

,axirm.Jm

27 - Criminal LiaDility of a Put:Aic Qff..::er- . 2000

or
Ernplo~ef(}t
is.:~~pp_r~~riab (Jl'l.
il:'.iaq:Jp aoon or f aiiure ro At:c:.oum fu_r .h~
COO!lsGated. Seized a l'l(ti'<U Su~r.e9
0

I:.Mt

(ltl.lg~ -~lli:l!t ...Q..~ --~ - ~,..3h~Jrl"'g ag,Q@'i'B~ I

ISac.
I
I

4~ Dl

-.

I ~~

[)anQ!Srous. Drugs .... N ~ rlikSan ding ~e

I pra!li:9ions af ;;~~ I 'M Lo h~ cnn~rary ..11..
; ~sitiVi3 ii~.i.I1Q. fo.r . ~- l..lS of da QQtraus
I

fN!El:ET'E RMI . AliE SEI'tfreNlCE I!..AW -

R :

~.

from-~e

ofFender. o 1m 1.\Jrn~ a.o d rEa~i pt in lheklrooll.'ic lat~t'lr~kiry fof .g:w:e~mins ion, to its
r.s~ tt~plrtg
eventual prGserrtationicmar
in Court a& ~ld er,c;e of crlrnln I \riolation

con ..ic:1ed far Cl rt~g iraffick.ing nr

under tn ~ A<:(, l" eg;ardl13ss of t,he
! pe t'lili ~;' im.po500 by ~ he CoLa.1 . (;r)r'm04 aval of

con~c~HI~Izurn 1bera0i'- -

no e~~ the
m:;o:im~1m fixed b ~ sa
Sh311

apecial la.w

M~irnum term : Shall net be tega 1h.Bn fhe 12003

mil"ti m1,1rn 1etm pr t3!S(; nb D"J by t ha lif.'BCia I tmv 1

~tu.~ D rugs

; Chain o' C~.o~stooy raqt~iremenl a }

rug 2009 ii:~V
; otfo~:mse$ r~E:f"S ~a. 1he d uly re-cordl!d,
: ~uthorized m.o~te rnent ~nd rus1oay of $elre-d
; da."Jget.o~ dniS$-. eor*~le-d chen1ics~ lan~
! ~ou rce-g of dangef'O'I.4 d.'ug:; and -la bara ~ ory 1
- - - L ~tme11t or L1B.~~!.Q.IJ_~ -:lrugs_rrcm ~ jlr~te I _ ... ----"------------~~~------------~------------~---

l34

.
Sec.. 2 - ~' Tb l$ A;:;t s~ -~u

ot a ply mo 12005
1990

[pBTSLcms:
<ill.

{;{};llyJc lteo(t
wi~h

or

diMtith

ri&onm~nt~

i)f-fen~f!$

~ l!)mtl!y

---

p l,l;nl.l}hodl
or lliie- 1

'

__ ........___....

us

.I.

:1

..
T

I~

.~

b .-

CQil~icted o

tr as.&M 11,

~onspJr.ae~;

ks:? Paf1:tQ.Nofes 20 1-J EriiflrJ.rJ

- --- ----

I )

or p,-op;os.pl to tOOnrtml't tr~(l ~

of miGpnls ~ o, treasO;R,
rel:to~l io n., ~ai ah or et;p&onag;e; to
th~Q <: o rwi ct~d Of pi ll"a cy ~
e. Who ~r hab:iw~d dminq p~ll\its;
d. 'Wh D
l" tve
C$:Capedl
fmm 2007 IV b
c onltnerthm t or cv~d 9dl se-fl ce ~ '
e _ Wl1o
tlavillilg
l ca n
granted 1999 VIU
ctmditiotull pard~ by thf)- Chief
Exocutivo !i elf ha~'!!:l violated hB
t rm& thlf;!J O>f i
f . Wthose
m fm um
tam 'l
Of 201)S lrl-t c
Flll~IJ)OOOFlm~l d\Oes no t .O)C~ ono

i mh1fm~p~rn ti rm$ for- offense ~:mrnsfl~ 1 001 1.XI

under the R~Vli~ od Pa ~ r C{)de ~
1991 X

~ o n~;j(;ted

. ) Determ.ina 1tte impG'SabfE penalty L~ct

.. Coda.

.) Apply prii/Wged n JijgallnQ circums~

r.t;
) Conside<r ths .atten ms:tlg~ ing ;artW'ar
r&\lrnffig clreumsaancs i:a*i
in4o
nsi rat kin Artide 64 0: ~h e fi: ~ C
) Aite.f mppjyi 1 to 3, ~he ma:.:lrn~Jm term 1s

rflrm ln~ .

!f.H ii',

.) The

lltl term Of 100 !:!.enl.enae $t'\all

range- Mrl kW~et in degree
o that pl6~~ for he <:rime under he

e lbced ~ in

ooe.

g. Wh 0< arEt alread ~ s'Bnte trtecdl b ~ fl~Ba ~

j p d{llfl't tlt at the trm& or a p;pro'i'BI o1
Chis Ati, exeep as p.ro't,!ldee l;n

L:

Soo

..

O Fi

E..:arnpre. 16 year old COtl'lr'ni ~ t;rir'r'le CJt

hcmlcide with mi
ng e:ua.~mata!'lc e of
\~o..untar'y surrender

6 JJereo1."

- HabifLJ~I de!inqu.;:ncy mus.1 bo- aNegecl In the- . 199-f

lrtfom-.e IOfl and pro1-en m rna before it can 1
It coo!i.idered in 0o1<ier 'lllet
offiender may
be
diaoi,JJiified
fr.orn
a ~ lrn.g
lnd termir\8le sentence law.

..

1
~

V~

-~

- Ai person .s So11N enlitled to lhe ~s of

he -inll I.Eirminete 5e n~e nce Ia~'.! e-Jen ir he
. h:ae b n oonlir\00 in a mental hCt!ip1tal :

I.

) PeABity imp05ill!bl R~lliSIOO T~rnporal

. ) Appf'~ FJ(Mregad mihgatmg . pena"!y
mpMabOe ncm ~e:s Pns1oo mayOf
redll.lm.
.} Considering o thes nlf!ligating ~rorn$tance
. .alty is urtht:lr redtl!CI3dl 1o PtllsiCn mayo.r

mm1.1m

.}

Mn>;1mum

penod

is

Prls.tOn

rna :tar

~I

I
i
I __ ~ .~.-~e~rrnh~o .m&:.cimum _ ~tn~ ~ 20if.Jjfi-A

1
I

STEPS

before th

tnat "''-'aS. finis.hetJ b ut ~1e, oo I

scape
from a;ibd mentar i'MJ:s.p1tal 1tlure .
b og oo fll'l~r j!Jdgmet'\1Qn h19 ~ :,et.
I

:
~

. ) Minln'll.lm pel'lod ie. Within any range o f

enalty ne-xt IOY1et m dear
ha; t!i. Pri~~n
--~ett~r. ccciQnal_tE!'I'!_ey. m it~ rninimurn ~t:GIUm .__ _._,.....__ _.~
~e f' ~11 - Crimh'lal Jaw

J3i .

.~

..

-~:

Lex Par'.1/o Nore.s . ...

~01- EclitiOrt - ....
I

- -

. .

rna~.tf!l n peJ'K)d:;
~iscre,ion of the c01Jf1)

pr

ih; f-- - f

~CI':(lr;~mg. to -

I
I

Pl~oso

'

I..~

~i~w

II

::

.. I

r1:1q

.J

or s.et1i11g tn{l maximum and

n: period (Sot.6}

!2:-CJO~

U1-B

'I

I
1

d:s~hii'9e of I'll cffJc ~ a l adrnilfllis~dv~ or 1ft91

j udicial fUhC: orta fhJ"tQt~gJh
ma.flHest t 990
pam~ I il)r, ~ dent b'a_!!_ ia~~ or gros~

lmum period

rl

!I

~~
if

-.

IR-A

+_

'l.o

2 . ..
of t erms. As used
that term

th ~ to A~.;t.

h~

I'

2.0011 XII

(b~ , .. Publdc '[Jffi{;~r- hnclrudes c l C>-eti'Y~ and

appoin tnoe o e~l s. :iJ nd employe-es~
perma ne nt (J; "tom[porary 1 wtJ(lth~ b11 ~be
c' a&&i fif:d. .ar unc.lassrfled or exem pt
! :aorvk:o ro~:;:~lvlng ccorr'l Jt~~ tJon. even .
nollifl,i '1~1. fr<>m th-e govotnn1ent A-s dafinodl :
in 1ft0 preceding sub1J:14lrr~grap h. 11 fJh- I
app1ijc$ to ALL g-over'" ill n\ officials}

t.

-; _rve

cr

J)(!Jlln~

.'

1._

.~n

or other t ;,noeS<$1ons.11

1nfurmat1on th:at dces not

loy

wcros or [ajn uage c tha M.3UJie- can be

oonsidarnd
s s.ufftrienl o- charge an
\!e'J)I

I
I

{ Majo r;.ad~ vs.. S3r,diganb@yan, 151

SCRI\ 399) ~Question a ed ~ 19'97 I
qt.WS'LIOO 21). inYDI'-'BS section 3-e) { No l . lhls
IS rtlOre of a eroodl
law quast.;on rat r
1hafl a crimwr.al law qwosoon)

oifense.

(!

X\'llt
!X

jo~?x.CIUSMllc negli~rtGlS. Ths !flTG!If:skl

9~ 11 a-p;ply 't o ~rs and employiiHIS
offl~
or gove mncnl c orporatiol!!s
Charogtt-d with tii4J nJ~nt of m~e~ or

~o~;a~~:~~~~~-senten~.-~~~ -- -,-.
t
!
. . .,

~~ti~W S~totll:l i OefilnitiO~~

tl

m &de

Al"m-GR.AIFT A D CORRU P P RACTIG ES

~~19
j

2.) If ~ vrrSO~ ~r \ll otaltt-~ any <lf the ' em'ls j

nod ('.(M'LCII'b'Jns. of hiS p;flrole he w ..(l bB

te::m e f. te-d dno

my

- liCauail'ig) ny
due im -u~ ~o aqy 2009 vu
pU!tY, inclwfing the Govan'lmant., o-r 2009 X'Vl
2005 X..o
1 g Yin
lim
t'lv
a~_!JAW rf~
......,.= ft=tB::Jj adiVantlllge or pmfar<Gnoo ~n. tllf)' 1997 XX

em

'

2'010 W

{e~

.I

r'J9 v-r recelrinn ar.y g~ , p~sn

lho Grov,emmar'lt ndl arw ,other pali't,

who 0 n 1he publfi c 0' L:C:Or m hi!. offic.iiaf
C-~'C f'tY h M to i ll'lltCfi'\1'<0 n--e 11!1 n de r :t'h & (a!W.

1 ) ~\!hen <1 cor1ICl has already $ ~ed :

U1e- minimum term ot the &entc l'!r:e 1 ne
ma.)1 be- elra~~ed em p~role from
anprisJJflm
;ubja ct to lll e W&J roval
of the Bo ro Gf Partlon .anl.i Porob?. tf
t.a 15 not CHJ ~rfied oo mu!it ~ n.te unm
m~

ra.

pOt'""O ~g;e~ or benefl~ for hlm:~e!f

tflt for
othm- ~entcn, ~n ,com:urctfo
witifi any ccmtntet D"r IJa~~aac:~ion lbetwae;rn

ah

'

i - Srtaletn~nt ,Gf illt~~w. ~nd I 2001

l'Jties. - ES\lery tPUlJli c ome~ r

! "$eel: (Iiili
I

'
I

.J

withinl

thl r"t;y d ays , ~iftor ii!MII!Jmi ng o ce _ .

11 11 .pn~pa.re ai'ld ewith the offh;:e of fha
eg.nrs cmdl~~ 0
rlmen~ H~~ ___ 1

J~ ....

.. ~ .. :.

-----------------------~--~~~--.

.
f

"~Ao!ation&o

.atlmtts

henoo

.. Tho- 'mY!fl
any o

of tnts- lsw are ma4a prel\il)tt3

excuses.

tne

,~

~.

ed In ~he aoope oi "'P ublic o'ffir:s..

I
I
I

Ho..~9\1

I
I

latter

I:;JW

rt1?1t<e.

SectiO(I

_MAttlY

1:3

su~peilll.E(on

a nd killS

nta

p~b~le

tfild~lnal

offl&G,

iilSJa~n

p ro&C~1 1oill

t whom

Uf.ldcr

~liy

ro - iBmBfl4 or graruilly

'!S-

IJ;le'flding In

.1.

199!1 VU-t.

~:1

no

fil~ !..'11~~~-jl_l~- Ho -

-----

X'Vl-e

1. ~P\roper
.e requlr1rf9 a.ceu~d to show
-ca ua~ ~ ~ ~cl~ lla'te of
ring a:s to
he shD!Iirl om be ~rtde .

court. sh211SI b=ii!!

Prn;equiistlae before a -su9pBnBion

<Or(Jeroo:

I
I

I,!:..:
"J.v:..:e:....:b _e=_!l11

- VK!I.:a lon (Jr a s,vecl I Ia;,, such as R.A 30 1g 2:00(}

does l'tCt ~(Jmr! o4 f'1 a1t{lr'rJptt)d ~ - Sa

law is. a male prohi b~ . Ntei'!'Cte<;1 '~l c.ltlt~n of
a &pscial law ia oot pot.mi!l:l"ted. A~ ~~~ l lrlfUI)' ~
required.

s111spendett from o fflc,e_ Sho u~di l"le ~

&LonvJeted b:;' final judgmen t . h e shall tcae
E1 U r!KI f'l,!if"ll'teRt Dr QriiJtuity benef its !lJIMd Eo. l'
ar~v ~;a;w~ bu1
H f he iS ifieqJu~ttMJ , h:~ :shan be
~~tined to rsjrn;tlft.o~~fltlt an--d to too
~ l~ries a m~ b f1 m$ wtllttJ tt fajl~d to
ro--ereiv<B du.r~ng ::.;.U.Sl)et!S.Iotli1 rulflll~ in ttw
rns-alltJme .ad I 11:l~'t r.i11~11'\i'~ ~~;~;:Cdli g

. _ _ __ _ _ _....,::

n '-!..:

beneflt~ ~nde~ a n~ ltw~

.a ot:ju ifiGd. he is e nt,jff'ed to reirm tate n)E:If1 ~

M to :5-ala::ias 8f1d benefits that he- failed to
receive ~l'i r\0 h@ suspension.
1
lf

~n:formatlo!A U~ldl~r ~k$ Ael or ~!ll:dcr UlC!

prav~s.i ons. O'F ttw Fte~JiJ$~el P~HU <C et~ ~ltti

1brib~r)'

1999 'Vll-b

naeure.

m.

vaJiidl

\~2

ttte

81.JBP~I1 oes not taM:! part IJ'i a

psnatty. it is. mer~ ptevtl!i'ttN il~
An
~ p u officer ~ su~ended wnikl
l
~-osacuEion fm the Qiol~nal (;.8.tSe $ P0FJd.
; oourt. if ~ !is oon~Jicted
'otes (j II

g~rali!ed prohib.rllon in ~he recellf.lf'l9 (If 1

gnfi.S.
:

b;,;,

I
I

lhe

<OOO

- The

p ~lie official who ;reoerlled a gift but

d idl nat intetvene in his official capa;cliy
A

' e lin 1~ig ati of 'if} bank. m a~ not be

hel'd liable :tJr RA. :m 9 as psnal laws are
s~rictJy oonstruoo ~~lnst the ~- Tile diifelenoo t:ICLY:rOOr~ Ft-.o. 301 go e~na
P .D 46 is mat l he forme~ tew de nes ads
tha :am ~re<l "'a>frupt f)rnetx:es.

under BBctiQn 13 ~plie!!

which ruaty be currentty hel:f by

~ublic offiCI'J'. It does not tlsve to be

office. In reltltcor~ wrte r 1'1 w~ s ch a1Q8 d .

RA 3()19 inc1udaa rom IJ:s!t1a as being

i

..office"

to

,-my

2.) A ctstermin;;11ion
.against the
' . ansioo

or

a "

aoc:usedl tnat

lnklrrn Ion
w.e~

s.

r.R~.~A--- 1~c~:~
~l~D~
AI~U
~SE~
. ~----------------~j2-~~~ ~~
.~
~~
']61(}

Articile- . Secoon S {~) ~jig~~ s.t~ that

mild abU88- foB'fiflffi ~ maltreatrn en . f)f Q en I

.3

C~Mpfflrr

m- GtimirtBJ ~a~.,.

2006

lX

3 t

..

:'

.~i?! _P_preto Notes

I~

2Q' 4 ~d~10

"l -

Voii.H1le Jl1

. .

'

'

.;he he-.r

oon<J reeQgn~e<l by law, lOcal ~ton"'l and

ltadiUon or acts in he parformillnc.e of e

-11abfut.:ti.. or not
inclu(les any of 1J:'9 JoiiO't..ing:

1 ) ~,(CtlOIOgi(;a~ and phys1cal ~bu~.

: neglect. cntelty, se!ll\Jal ~buse and emolion~l

201}:5
~02

Xl-t.
IX-B

: me e a n1en;

~I m~l

II

ICILE VIJU, Sedton 12 - Children below 12000 XV I~-1

~ean {15) :reaM!- m ao~ rn {!~ be em~ 1

irniic

( } V\.lhen a ~

I
I

F:;~iJI.lre to irntrJ iaatr gr~Jeo rned~al 1

treatment 1o
1 ~\luted c:;hDj r~su ng in
:saneLa lmpaMTT"ent o~ his ~riJW'th and I ~ OOZ
i CICV'Bit:)rr1Bn or .in hie. pe.t"ffi.lJI'Ief'l~ 1ncapac.ily
, t.W .U.ath
I
t
I ~Q3

Ar:tlt: W - The- act of b uy~ ng Of ~elhng a

ch1lt11 COilS.1iute:s Ch11'd lraffidr;ing..
10 (b)
MBiiz~g, l;n.e
keapt[Ig canp.a n~ o1 3 r'l'linor who 18 1En(10}
ye ars or more YQt nger tM.._
offenoei in~
h ods~, ~. beer house. diSCO .ioin. pe~oo 19$S
110USG, cabmet, Sauna o r R!31SSar e- parlor, j
ead"l reoort and :Stmik:!J places.
,

'..

XI

.'
~

Pro cr-ed rurther , That h parent or legal

g rdi~n ~hall rPI"O'Vide 1h0 t;
minor cblld !
. with toe preBaibed pni'T'afY an..llor ~econdery '

; E!diucatton, (y
{2)

v-a

\f'{nan

ch

errtl)lcyment

ot

r1it:1paMn it'J ~l.lbl i<:- & Bf'Jtar1ainmen1 or 1

~ nklrmalion 'ttvoug c1nema.. thea r, r 10 or 1
tel l$tOn Is e~~lisl:
{-ov\eed. The 1
. Qm~f'l'la::M oontraat ccm:::lud
by tiE!
ehlt<!'$ peren 01 guardi>:!ll n, Wft.n 1be E!-:Jr: Pfes:B.
1
~raement of the- d'llld ~ned
1f
~e;a!bla, and
ii!Jli'11'0'Jal of 1he Department

Artj~~ ~. ~

this prcvisron ~taa ll nne ply o ..any l

person who i:; rstai.ed Hithin lhe touM
de e~t ~-con.~~!IQ!Jinity <:~r affiD~l'.' ~ -~ .

lh

hli$ para n t a.

or
ged
!li.IBrdian mnd- whe(e o nly members. ol th
empiO'.) s faml~ .are emptoyed: Provir:fsd.
tt/JW0\10f", Th t hie employmen
n her
~n~n M ~ trre. &.afiety a
allh .
'n}O
r ocr lrn~s. hils normal Cft.:\l'e10pment:

'

3 } tJ11r asonableo depnvati.on c..f h basic

needs for wrvWaJ, such as klod .and s helt~t.
or
'

.li~

$ d ~ly under

sc!'e responsmillty cf

t)ejng ;

I~ ]

s:icepj

2.) An'J am by d~;;:e<J.;; o \\'Ords Nhich

d a5GtS, degr.adea 01 demeans the' in
'W'Or1h and d. nity oi :;t chll ~ a human

or legal duty:

of Laber Bnd Em plyPJ1~t Pro'l.ided, That 1

the fal~
uii'ements in. sll inst.anc~s
.are ~Il-l compliOd ~ h :

V-b

I
I

.1 he.altll, s.atety and roora.r!9 of M d111d.

~ (a) The e~IO~r shall ens.urs

L_ __ I .... - _

pr~e(tion ,

l
I

':

'.
.

ii

<~~:.

. --- ------ ----~-.W

. n b'i ~he emplo~ s~ illStitute ~~as. to. - ...

I
I

pre\!lent

the

c:nikr!S

explcmacmn

nQ orosfiH:I .& ~cf9tYi

ta - 19 o aD>t~nt ~ ~)'Ste.."ii
and ~11e l or ramuneratiol}, and ~h ll: durafjon
~nd <~ITBnge~ at Y!t~Q~ 'tim!!!: :j:
discri min~;~tion

II

lf)lernant

shall form~llJ!te tJnd

subj eet tQ itW .tip pt()lml iU'J tl

Qua lified piracy

3 .) Qualiftsd bribery

4 .) Par:ricid8'
!5 .) Mtlrder
S .) Kid napping

I
I
I

I
1

I
I
I
,

e~~
11 199

CRI-ME.Si>

'

. whidl piiJYide For U'll~ 1mpo5i'Uon ol Clea'lh

pe rt)' il!o repea ~ .or aml3'flded :eOCf.)r-diflgli

I
I

11

S~n1.

~!iri::"

x....,

) (!ommrtled

~11/d l

Deli
. lnftiOrl - Heinous orimet ate iho~:os
t ere Q97
"- . _ .g rl~lj!aus, ~el .flus. iBirtd h.ar~a~l 1 1995 l-2a
~ffenBil!s. ~~d whlc.h, I) ~ I'NIBO.n G'f ~r:ur
mherent
or
m ~nfe..st Wiic din~. 1
v~ - o Lmn 9! ss, a ltro!l;fty a.n d IJnN''V>crolly am j
re;pt.~glf'lan! aOOI .ootra~o ~'~ tl) th.! j
Ct) mmon
standi"' rd$- .a111d AONfA$ <0~ 1
! ~~91}!i~)!-~ nd__li!IO"~_!i rJ!!. ~- ~~ . el~l~~- L_ ___ J
f
. u

Illegal

b'!f two IX more

;pergoos cr
b.} Vfrt:h a deadly "Mt-apon '"
,
I
1----"".:; ) 'Nrt:h homi.~?.tdB
--------....,
' II..L!EGA ~SSESSI ON OF HR'EAR .. S
~

ioNote : ~trJih I he ~nt en;;~ctman t of R A No. I 2010 . IV

9346 othefWise .kno\yn ~ ~ An N"J. Pmnibi.ing 1fJ~5 : 1- 1~
1
lhe Imposition of Oeem Penal!)' in ~ha

I Phitipj:Nnes", pi"'''J~ion~ ~er ~ A No 7{159

s~

S .l [)f.t s!:(we ~re Ars-on

9.) Rape v.rtten:

~ -~It P.en:nltJr:qn:~ .1hc ~p_arir]:l~ .Qt ~gr;~~

~n~ ...~rn~eat ~ .~ au eiJ~l:l~
gP,ceNance of the albo~~e rem,~L1!1r'n90~ ...._....... ______:_ _ _
f-IIE~NOUS

at1d

datet1oon
7 .} RDbbBrJ wttn I'!Qmleide

- .s.urh~
~h!l_ .. ~~ ~ $~~. bore ~ ~Qil]Q
. .. . --. :.J

I1659

1!-21)

~ .)

tn :the ~?~bmre exoeplfon I ea9es. 'lt'io~here any

auch: cl'llld 1~;1 be emplOyed. ~h~.. ~!Tl.P..I.~ar

L..... I
R.A I

,tws- la_'n

19Q!5

1 ) Treas.oo

$Upervtsion or oompe'lml'i'l ~u horl1ie$. a

oontlnuing progt.a~ for tf~l~ ancl
I~
~cgui$IUon .of the child.

T~ ~~~c ~,ino~ crirnes clafinsd

IJ.nfl ~r

a~r~pi(Jolj~r

(c:>
~

-.- :-.--.-(Wtl:t;!l~i I

(:;IJeueo- af ~he lawl

ar

I
I

.J

A p~ may on~/ be Cfiml~~ li;;~I;R fOI 200

. i ga l paas.e&Sion Of
.rm!1. p~oviaed 'ttlat
! no oth8f -crir'ni!: \...as committed b~ the parsoo
arres.ted

'Y'IU-A

=.

- 1 homioide or m._.rder iB commi ed

tha. 21l00
uM! o.f ar1 unicene.ad fin:~arm, i shaiJ u
2131 0
consietrett an aggra.\lating tireums!Moo,
B)rovided t~t it is EJpeciftca1ty al~ lf'l =he
~i'I ~CJffll~loPJ.

k
XXI ~I 8

' -.--

r~~ fue LIEil

Of 81'1- l.inllce"nsecr-nteif.ffi

--

.:

is mil 1900 V-2

inciden' t-o. Df in ~oonec110n with !:be Clime of
raball~n
01r
ins.urredioo, !leditM)t'l, or
attempled coop d'atat, rt will be anc'....otbed i3lS.
; ar~ ell!rr'lent of h@ crimeo of r.ebeiiiQn, or
lr'l$1.m l!lclietl, -sedition, or at1emp~ed oowp

I"

: SttCIIOn 2 - The light to file- s p ~itiiJn f(lr

to
i'G pre&aribes m4 ~8 8 1TS from the d~e
~--+-=
-o-=-
r .:....:
re:sl 1ti0n cf tine
lie offici~ char ad-

I
'

illC QJ uiradi b ~ thelbut Its ownership iB

eoneQ- loe~ ib;r its be~ng recorded in thenarn ~tJ- of, o t lltc'd b;rl t he rv&p-' (lmte nt"S

1- ""P'ro p e ty I .Jniawfu!ly

AJN l ~CAI)UjJAPPIING

R.A
6b9

.X.II...

or

990 X.lllb

ln~nt ~[}gain,
s mot;Jr vehiciB b~Crif'l{ling to
1
3fl~h~ \\ rthout tM 'lmr'e. oo11mam.. or try
lillet\1'1$ of v.itll
agJainst or intimidafian o! ,

~~
PT~ef'ill!l

! %~1

pe~ns. o:;
P'l~e

L_

lb:t th&
rn:&pollldelilf, lbut traM"~SiiT.edl b)' hi -n ~o
an:t:l'ther pell"&on or perFaon&l Ofi o;r Afe!r lho
~ity of Cfl~ A ~t

-~- ~Pe.~y _
do iiit.l;d

to the r'SSJPOnd ooi.

:200f3 ~ llb

~oo

1m# in

(;1

~r

mo.mriz&d vehicJes eN. amp ted f.rom me SC(lpe- :

.rtW.s ~i law BS delfned in Seerion 2, S.LICiJ
as:~- iroNe-ys. s~tBwespers,
$J)(,I{JrrJsrs, fawn mmter.s, rnator veflicfe.s

'

lJ$00 xc~V@Jy for ~tir:.u!iura~ ptepase-s..

.etc.) 8~ Jillrlrsned" i.Jf'ld(}r' ~~ 310 Of .rneReviSt!lfl ~~ Coc'e}

'Sipou,s.e, a!!itte~ll't.i~Ji~ a m;~ d~n ts.,

relatlrves., or +tt1 ~ ~itnCJif :J:I~O ,
Ci'Jilillll' e~

~IX

by using force upon tflinga.

S.w;. re. ,,e oo [l;t tJ ~d i f'l tJ ~

/he un/J;jwfw Ut~~ of .fA m(itof ~ilicP:.r rs now
coven:Jd by ~~ J.aw Wid n.ot tw .Y~ ,?.t'{JYl':smt~s
of the Re~ PernrJ Cede. ~However

iI

l993

ju.rispruc4tnc~ t~

re-~~oi'Ki ollll..

1. Property tml awf uUly

lAW

S~CT IONJ 2 - cEIIDBpp i~ ~ the ~~ . w t~'

1:;r~va

R.-A--. +~.A....,.
. ,. . c-=t ~g'C i..Afll~NG FORFEtrruRE-Of I.":'Ll
""":--.--f----+--137'9 . ~on ~ W~E;i\LTH OF PUBl~C OPF!CmS
OR El\1 ~ I...OYfi:
I
Sedioo 1 (b) - P'fof;lffl)' vii"! irA may &.Cill be
ron::.idered :erg. unli!wfullv ~ulr oo, Ulough
nc~ jn tl'"le name of the publiCi off ~-Cr:::f cha111ed
at the time of the ~ng af 'he petr'IIOO r::.r
forfe.ikue- shall ~nclude he foiiOitD'.:r

~ d'l.1rring liia ~rtc~o~m~J~y, UJniees ~e- em

p;roYe to the ~fQe on G'J t~1 ooun that
1 Uta d oneitiml lia iawft.lll....
I

d'e-1~

-Th.e Ia~ rnetely req 'Liir~.;~s p~J<Sl9Ss.sioo .in or.der .2000

thai ~A pet$01"1 may lbe guil:t 1.100ar hie act,
not nece ~~r lly Oo$88$$i'On.

------ -

.. . ..

SECTION 14 - Com p~ite crime of

1991!1 VI
uc.amappinQ with l'tamlcide, i8 aefinad u~et
. ~- sactioc1. Thia :happens when the- awner,
. odri'II'Br or occupant cf the car napped mot-or
vehicle is killed in lha ro.mmisaHJn of ihe
' tarnspping . Tha homicide t9 nol a '9epa~1e--. ......
J -t?l.~ but an ag{lra\'at~~~tJ~a ~. ~ .he __ .. _ ___l__ _

. --- . "\1't'u~ m

[~:~-~ . :&~~OER:lA~---~--~=-. -~- -~--~ '~

71l}8Cl

i t:. d. I s~. 6. . M!'tcriptl~ of Crime. .. The e-nme 1m i 1~-a

~~
I~ a:;:~~~

ll.lili'~r!_~_x ~.tilbJ~offle~rs from the~. o_t

rrqm 11'1

~1"1.3

jr _.ncmk'tcea <c;w" w.a~fil!'r:ee:!, S.~a u '

(lo_t_~_e_ ~A .bY lP ~.rip onL fa~tt; t ~r

L I

{$ .'9PtPCt"'

1-R..A
-~
. RJGH"fS OF P:

---- .

r:tscm A R:RcSTE.lO,

! be rr"'Jformed c~ his f~h1 lo c:ovns.el mnd nghC

I
199j. I XX

R.A

ao.m

''

to f!11\r,ln sileol

-+

1 Otnt;r acts .c:onsideo,-e{l as ra~ under lhiS.

. la-.v

AINifLHAZiNG LAW

tX-A

~ cUr::m 1 - ~flnmo n of h

... ~s , "

.2002

XVI ~-A

for a<:lmls;sfon ~.o mcSmbe<reJ'Iil) II'\ ~

frahrm~ty . &<Jf"ortty l)(r OTgan~ on by
,p1acln g !the ~TBCrul neo;phyte M appJic.ant

,.,.oe.

~1)2

lnUiUc.m rna -or pr.attice .a~ ;pJ prorequmite

SectJolfli 4 I b - n...o lllllmed13l& memt;e a: he I

..
~ f.amil~ r a pers..on arrested :S,_.fOuta f):) l be
1
~ rsvente9 rr~l!!. '!_~111Q h_!m_ . . _ _ _
.~
..
.R.A . A NTM'{APE LA!~~
2oog 1-a
&3!13
I 2002 VIl l-A
'
~It 1'5 a b\v hat "e->:~t.iinds rn.e dr:r m on (.1f1he ;
.
; ~~~~..... c:rune -of
led~ sifylng tne s.arne as .a
1
, c:nrne aQtJjn ~ per$t>fls.
I

<:am~t N'!cwledge o4 a woman ty

me~f!S of iTauduleAt mach alion .ot
graJe a1lUS of aU1hOf
Z.J C
ed by a man lla~,-ing C3fl"'l"ill
l<nov, dge wrlt1 a c!erne~ed women
EW oo non o.f 1fle ~ rt::
nt;~
required in
ba prese n~ and
3.) Committing ad of se~ V{il assault

(All of 1M .abQ"IJ6 am taken trorn section 2 of

~ s 1d !k-n" which inaerbi. t~~ Be\~
. h"'l the
RPC h;ncwm aB A1te 286-A of ~t1e PC.c.----1-----.-+---...-l

'

-o.

1.) Cornt11itied by mtJn who ar.aiJ havr3

<lf an011'K:r :PetSOO

!Seetl{)n 4. fi;;'l r f -A FJ~o:>n .arresIJd mus-e

- . -- .. . . . -1 .

oo
or by i ns.ert1~.g a ny ins.l:n.JmB"iit
or ~ct into 1hP. ni!al cr alla' 0 1rb

1 ARResrrNG. OETA~NJ
AND
jt\J'!IESTtGAT~ . G OFfiCI::RS AND
PROVIOIING P E lAL T~ ES O R
1
V.~Ot.A TIONS T Hf: fit~OF

y in&crtinl} a pet&on's penis into tha

Yictlrr't's mou h {t/1 le or emsle) .an a

DETIUNED OR; UNDER CUSTODiA

JNVES11GAn oN AND DUllES Or THe

. 7'4:19

.! .

under thi~S Act Blhfll~ (JH~B~ lib 199J I IV-b

ln twtmty (20) ~e-arn. Hr:>~y~ll' L me riWl c1
1
t!!! . ~ -~ r-ecil:'l'f'sr .w: portr~~ unliTiW\t~rbt

. rs9.1 .

.. - --- -

punis~mb

I ~l~-t

i ~~/""

~~ffiro_~~ss-2Qf~_E~~
-~
~~-----------

~n &om& em barrasalnSJ or huml1iating

s.lruatlons sucih as iforeJng h im to dO

mt.11 nl.aJ. a IUy , f.oo~ ish

a 11-d ottuu smmilar

t'*sks. or ~~Uv ffea or otli'torwtse subjecti ng
him to pnysk t or !Jl&.Jc~ogri:al suf ori'n-g
Of' lnjtiry ....

'I

..... - -- -....._ -- .
-------~~-----------~----~-----------~
Cnapt,Jr m- (..!.r)rn na) h: l'lo'
.~-!-a
~-

S~etloli1l 2 - ~e:.q uit:Bment:$ b

can lbe- a:mied out

~no

ih41zlng

2DD2 XVIIlB

-----------------~----~--~

L.!t!.fai"SSta Notes - :20) 4 E rkttqn

( - - - 1- ...

II

b . '11 Priior w rittm

c:t ~Q I

n-otic::~ to ;:-T-- -1--'

~u ~n=~ o

~d

or

org~ ~j~ti4;Jifi1 ~,;:,-oo {7~ dil! ;r~

-lI

b~iore

ft'.l(t t(lntflue't ~ , M~~ ell

lni~lt ,i;Q;n_
c . h e 'N rUUt.r' IJ'tOI~.:::. &. !ill h aIll
llflld e;aL~~;~ lht ~e lodl o the
i111 ~Eatt~oo .a e til 'I.~ i il:i-&B wh ~ e h

RA

r.

420D

strir:lJy_P.t'L~ ihs_ ~tt. ~ ~~- ~~eratfxj

~!Aip}S ir'l_-~ RD. ~200 -~--o~ ~f ~

tMJuro. weo af.7B of thiB' trlew tha-t IWl

,.,. . . . . -,.-.'.on-i~~i~~;- iS -~ot ~mong -~ui:.h

dti'j"t:!~s

R.A

8313$_

SANIOIGAN:St\VA . .

'l-

1!211.9

.... __

The

-de't:eml ina ~ icn

;
.a!. 1o-

~""h~h~ r

!he , 200S

S,sndiga.nba~an has. juriadictron ie. 1

reckoned rrcm the 1ime- "the atms wse. 1
daputy

orilbutlsm~

_. ~f'!"1bY~an

Sin(.(t ont)'

1S. ~~ impeach~bl f!: offi~~r .

: :S.~.a A. ~Qile r~c!di~Jis.1 can !loti _ a\~~hl M

au~na!fll! . .9i ~~I'J~_ery:e_ ~ -B_B: king as tt1ey
' sre

\/i-1

:
1
1'

Ei~rnJIJ~ _ .~t.. th~

. 1if'!le. _of -~

~agon __ :qf. t~tB. 5ef'te'1CB.

561{;.. A rt. 1"92. an ap~ion by

CC~:~~ulba~an has jurisdiclion ~-er I 2006

~

I~O UR:f:S., GRA

' 1 001~

I
I

TH "

,rtr .tJrra~t.m~. " (G~ rt.an ~- ~AC ,

145 SCAA 1121._... .. . . .. _- - -- _
AN
.ACT
~STAB U S HI NG
!FAMilY

TINS Tlii:M EX{:t..USI'I/1:

Elfffi~~ , ~~I'N~~- _JUFUS_CICTIOw OV R CHILD
- ~7
~ ANltl FAr'!IU.. Y
CASES
(P,o.t ~ tgut.Cdl;

1l

A:.

TAPPI!NG

..

II
1

t o b uo subj e cted tct 8uch

,
I
I
.
.acti'lw'1 e'li. and
I
1
e. Sh ;:d l rurther c.ollrtamn an
~
u 1'1 ,~Cf1 lng th t ~ o lf)frr.: i;ttd
:
v~o.l ct'ltiU. e: Ct'!;~p loY' d fJY
.anybody d~rlri'QI ~o!h
irn iaa1J.:n rJte:9. "
~
-R
::__=-_~; A - - ACT - ~UR11U~~-- oe
-FINm
NG- Ttc1_......---t~-

OF

VO!tup@"(Jr

' Oveai'lileari rJg ~QI1'!/Ierrt$QtiOJ1S, n illliiFQI,fi!._ ~n

Meph-D-1iie
e-.~t~e<loflo
~~r:mot
be
Col18tde:rsd as wfre- tappin g. Th e SU]pr~me
Court held that .u_ 1/]f:} - ~-~ -~ _gf
~c.r..~.~~ in .P.~. l!?_ -~-. ~~~- l'fJA~

d. T he w ril!!t:efl ttotice sh stl

inchufg the n am@S 't~.f thoae

JtJ'R l$0lCTIOI

I)

aba!l l"tM e-x-eeed t~ru ~3)

d ays.

7~6

"iin~WIRE

..

.r
........
...

X.O
~

_ ___ l_ ___

In P. D 603
h youthful
j off(;lnd is s'lill requirl!d b s:Ore- :su:spl3'n&ion of
$E!r1~nc
is -c;a.rri~d out HO\!~ter lfl RA
~L see. 5LI!. 'll'ie suspEti'I~Fl (lr senkJnco
Is_ ~alie. 11 does not ~u1re "~at an
~_gti~~n h
tQ b ~ miitde by the- y-ouu,rul
offen
ACl R GU Al'ING l t iE ISS1JA' Cc
A 0 VS'E O'r ACCeSS Dc'IJ1ICES,

IP~OH~BITING

AALJOut.e

ACl$ l

~Et.A lrVE

l i'IERETO, j
IPROV~OING
Ple.NAl-TIES
A 0 .. -.OA I.
- -------. ---- ---

COII!MniEiD

Chaple-,r 1U- Grimms I taw

350

35l
''.

T'k
.,

- " .. ~--

OTHER

PU=
RP
~o-=s:-:-s
--

'
'

----

SectiOn Q. Pmhib(te(J Acts. - The

~e'IG shal oon~1eute acooss deviceare hetoby declared to
uFI!lawful:

2ofl05

----. ..
d;;~~s. 1JI'II~s

t\-" ty (20.)
coort

E: credit card

: D.

"Economic a-Ou-'1.'" 1aJors to ads ha1

: make .or C'tlmlp1 to m e- 'wma11
noiany
' depen(fent 'l'hMcll ind'.tdesl but liS not limited

to 111~ rouo-...ring:

!a.

R.A. ._ .. A" ACT . i:n:FIN-~ . G THE. CRIME OF

sum MONEY LA UNlD-R ~ oI PROVJDI G
.' PCNA.l..TIES THERf:F'O!R AND FOR 0

Effti:tw ' PURPOS

~i<!
.
I!!WM

,.

ions XII

l(l;)t

~bi K
.'1.1;! ~olD
1}1 1)41

nO'tringiJ'
L"81nsactinQ
m1'1ey
.vhich
procaedg, lrom .an unta"~Nful .ael 11) such ~
!Uf!lteng as f.let'irmd under ~- J-1 ia
COn.51dered

XII

"Sec 10 reez.in.y a.' Mcl M: tn~trumam or

Property .. Tti:e Court at A pea! IE , upon
PphcaSIOO e~ /Mf~ by the At/ LC and after
de1Jalmina11oo lh.M 170bable c:a.u!:l.ot;! e;.;ilU:s. 1ha
. :;lf1\~ maoot:uy in$~H~ml!l n1 or pmpert)l is. in an:,- 1
w~t rGJ3it ed to .en ut'lla"'rful a.di.ity ~s~~ I
1 in Ser':oon 3{1) hereof. ma1 1ssue- a fret~z.e ;
.ard~f wh1ch sha u ~e f!acttve immetJ~I y
. L1}~- f--~.:e _or~~- s.~al) be f?_r . ~- ~~_iod or

---

..(

.. -

:-

~ 2 oder;riv.atJon or threa! u~ .jepn.. ation of

1oo I1C1al re!iO'.m:,erg and lhe r1gr1 10 ihr~t uo:.a
II .ant;! ~l'ljO)m
t of l~ oonJug,al, COO'lfi'IW"ly or

property ovmed ~n comm on:

3. d~1ro~ ohousl!hold prcperw.

....

$1,.1ppolt Ot
'lidim from eogagtng
3n)l'
frnanCIBI

.r

2010 . V1

SEC'TIIO i. SecttQi'l 10 of thrao -same A~ is .I

heretw
nded -a rea<~ as 011o1.vs:
:

'

~ v~{Jiatton C.r t:r!i!!. ~ .

RA 9194 proYid~

{]

I 010

.....,.~rti'Alii'll

pr-eventmg t'l
fegirimate prof~siOn, oocupaoon, b~$S
Of actiVIt~
:<~::eDt ~-, cases wherein 1he o he~ J
S;pouse..'parme-r obie....:;ts. on -..a , serious .and ~
j fr'lrnral grounoo ~ 41ei'U'Iod in Mde- 7~ of the
!rT'llly Co.cJa
1

ER

4"

dtl"~

sec

R.JL
9.2&2

: mere coutrterl~ ac~ <J~ :

r:Jo{

l\l-2:

. (a) producing. 1119ing 1 1tafflcking in one or

Note: Pos.sassicn cf
unrahed uM =his act.

e:dendad

4 . controllln!J he tJictJms' 0\'l'n money o r

properba& or sdel1 CC.'I'\tfoelmg the .c-.onjugal

n~oosy

l
____L

or proper1 ~

~ ECn o N. 25. BafJ~-t 11Vbm8-t:~ Syodrom~ .as 201 0

.,g Def~rtse. - Vi..
-stif\IWQI~ WhO
found 1

by th~ court& c be ~urter troru baftoracil j

XIX-C

worn
syndroo1e oC[} not mcur ~n~ criminIaN,i
clv1l hab1ht n.cto;.riths. nd1
bsanc.& ..___--L----.:1
1

l.

JSJ

. ...
...
(

..

Le~

Pa&ta /"rt1: 1ff~.'>

2014 EdiiK:m

----------------

of

I~ thlt d terminaCion .or lt.

~tate .of .rt(

sufferi~

'U'-e 'WOI'nillr'l whr.::o was

.) Co~CI o ::oub'!.~rmiion or any crir'nr} 1 ~:3 m~

'1911 XUI-a
aga~~ nauonal -se~rl=y 01
lie
ord .
c.) Those p~e vJo us-ty oo nvicterJ by flmd
;udgmem of an offen$e ~
ed !by
imprie,onment of 110 :le~ ~han 1 mon h
~11d 1 da;r ~ fined Q( nQt l~e Man P
200..(11)
d.) VJho have ~ n Qnce on pro b ~ian.

i
.or 1

frorn bal.tered

wom3n syJY.JrCt'n a '!.be ~im~ of ll'le

Q:)!'l'"lmi$slon of
crime-, he ~ ur1s. Shall t:te
ass.is~ d

I)~~

e:.:~rt

P-$YoCh~n$1:$t

tJ$:/C:ho'logr$.!3;,

. AN-ACTINCREA~~ 'iljf -PENA~ TIES- 2005 Xll

rOR

ILL~GAil.

NJUMeE:~$

GA~E:S,

t~nder

P~O- ..

a6;&l

~ ~ :r:-

- .A. ~9f'SM wha. lla::; bG3r'J fQun

TPROQAliONI LA'N -... ------t'i't P.O 1900. P'l) ., ~57 )

Se-.c. ~ - The grant of probatk:ln r-an oo lt;:419er

be iifltailed -cr ~f an acc."ll9e-d ha::. perfected an
; appeal Fm m the ~gment of coo\liclion.

20~ 0

XX

2009
2002

XV-c
XIV
IV-B

2001

XV11

2003

995
1m-2
994

X~l

.i Sec. 9 . . .

~u alifietJ

offenders.

uilty Of 1997

or I oet.am~tJon in 1e. lrlfQrlnl'ti.one. trle(l

Jcnnlly amJ sem~ced" In one decl~lon f04'
more man 1 ye~ 1n ,each case- ts- :!:!!ill emitled
ro jjl~a il of P!Q'bat.ot1. The- W~Iity of he
p~jscn erms a;hourd not be- ta ken into

IX

9 '~

OECIRE.e:S

, [As i!:unenoetl

became

applicable

F<CJR -~R_
PU A_f!
_
O~=
e$
;;:___ _
PRES ~ OEN'J!AL

P.D !001 A lready aen~n.g

sentence a'! he time P_[)

AMrNOIJ'4G C R.TAIN 'f' ROV1St0 $ OF

f)RE SU1ENTlAL. OErCRl: NQ. t$02, A"P
b.)

n 6 yoof& 19:9 Er M~-1

1000 XiM)

or im pfi.51JJWJ1 Wit ror m-.o r~t

any of 1h:e e lamanls for IUS;ifying r cin::um:stanc.es of seH-defe ns.a under the
~ Rt:!IJi'Sed Panal Cede.

.
.
---- '1}~

1~93

II-;)

1992

I.X.

2'004! IIIB

ac.caunt ror purposes ~ de~rm ining elig!bilit~

~ apply fOf probal icn. See. {I abDve ur.as he
'"Jn.a):imum term" e:nd no:t "Total term .
is s4ill i&intil.fOO since
c:41 rJriwn term
OOQ 1'. 1~ ~
C:QI.Xl 6 yo aIS . T1
1e pc tklllliitl &
"LS>O~ should ~e 1 k.er-. 1ml.v1 1.Jallv i'ill"ld
$eoor~KII)' . f t.ancis.co 'IS. Courc of ~pe lls

If/Ol d

~;~:

24:3

sc~.

An order for p1-oba1ion diJec:1ing tlrbe

pa,ymem a.f dsms.ge!;i in installment i$
valid giooe wtl.st ifs. mod~fied is. 1be
manner of execu ioo not 1be fiM I

~--~-----

354

l64l
1 ~~

XIII

-~~--~----~

355

..

- . . ..;..-:

- ... ~~Jfi

TSuc d:::~ ~;obalr~

~--

T---.-

l'11e period of FNobati~ of a cEefEildant I

tenenced til a arm o4' imprnmen1 o5 net

Vzx PanJio NOles- ~014 EdJfiDn

----.--------------

Elernarrls or

2oos rv. $

20 o v
2009 Xl-c
VIV-c
VJI-a

~nnor deal In any

rtielel lte I ob,e~ 01 an)l1hing

Sec:. fi. - Termina 1(1(1 of P robetxm . After the 2005

period t:Jf proba.tion and upon oonsideratiOr'l
CIF 'the re-po~ art;l I C(omme:ndanon of lho
I probation omcer. h~ court may crocr I he
fir al dis~;h r of he proba~1or r ~p0c1. !
f1ndll'\Q ~l'lart he has fu 1LSed u-te term$ onc;t
I conditiOn$ of nrs p10berioo a nd t11e.ermon

c e- Is ~emed armmai.a:d

:Soong 4~ion 2}

a .) The crime of robbery or fheft 1995

, nas been c.ommitted
1992
b .) Accused. vmo is nGi pnncipkt Or 1990
ao:omptce. buys, 1'1
JI]S,
pOs~ .
keep.
iieqUit .
conooal, ssll nr dhs~& 01, Ol
SMII uy t\d sell. or :if'l ny,

n::Jbation_There~ b9 a~ o[]rder.

~han

(b) \flhten l h SMtertce im~ a fine ot'll ,

and
offend r h~ made- to g,.erve ~ubsi diaf)'
1
. impris ~nt
t;;a!te 0 ~ ins.ol!fflncy, ehe
1
paood of p.ob lon ~II not be 19&5 than nor
to be mOle tnan t'i'JtCB he ~ oi.J M r of
day:s
Cf $Ub$dier1
imJHi&Onml3f'l as.
lXI ft'l p ed a1 the ralB astabh1i p,ed ~ A rtJcle
ti"JIJttJ- nine of the Re\fi'St:-;j Penal Cooe, a&
:Bmendoo.

.'

: PJj
. 16.12

one ~~ , sh
not .exoeed ~'I'Q
ye~. ami in all 041'1
ca eg. sad pEriod
shall not exCJl.Qd fii -year'S.

Not.e: The court mu~ l$$ue he order or fin.;~t ~

disct.arge before
c.:ase CI1!Jn be te1mi:flated. ~
~f d':oeB_n01 uto ma~
follow hat 1he ~e
1
~s 1Br nate d kEpDn e-Jepira1Joo of 1he pericd of 1

(a}

more

, _ ---~----.

cr val\..e the proceed$ nf

c e.

r.t1b

s~

c.) ~t he acc:ussd .n O'II'l1, or 1998

should have ~n that said
rt:em has. been d erive.-d from the
p~ of the air
o4'
roo~ry Gt the
d.) nr~t the IS In nl () 9illln -Df'l I
p t1 of U'l aceu~e<r 01 lh
ther
lntenl to geln 'or

tne

af\01.t"ler.

j The final disch.ary of the p'robo31i01l.er s.hall

I operate 1D f'B&Lori:l to h1n'1 .Ltll ciJil rignl3 los.1 or

suspend as a re:s.ull o l'!ls ClmYrcoon arrd 1o ;

fully d~gc:harge h it, hi3brht~ for arrf finet .
i
Imposed as to the o -=ns-e 1or ''"'lCh ~
~ ---- ~roba~ic'! ~!as gral\1~.. - . __ . _ _ _ ..... _ .

Secn o,N 5- Pre$l!frJ!lf.l . 0 11

I
I
_l __ -~

...

\m

'

of fem: ittg_

- I~ 2000
,

E!l'l(l_~~~i~l! of any good. an icte,

IX
996 Vll-b

item , objec o.r anything of Y:alue. which !

has. been tl'te aub' cCt of robbe or :

ChSptgr ill- Critfflnal Jaw

157

----
. . - --- - --- ---- 1-r-rr; ...:tio h-----ta be l!')~in'lill ftl-ci e 9~ittcn crao of

lilii~-

fer;;c:m11.

SEC"n0t4 tf3. C lt-ililtilllfi;C: #P~ Co

~ll\IU~cll Sec;~Qifll(fJ H~nd Art'c~e~. - ....
~~ ~ :~~r.;.,,, Et$.tabli61lun!O'n'W; or .e111tltlot
deamno ~~~ lbe b,uv aud seu ot ,art g0cott,
:artlocl ~.

flam,

~~Jf;!~ o r

: 1900

-l

'

Vll-tJ.

....

- --rr-------.-:------.----,-,---,--~..,

I
I

prohibitum,
ttr a is no
1 pt.o.uJ

r _: -~t.

anylhll,}g (1-f ._.~~~

clbtaine:d fll'om Bll1 Ullil!ic.eDBed d 4ttaler N

I

. I
'

' i

i:

nncing alliJd .a cerBSsory to theft or robbery . 1QQ6

one

.clegt"eEt ~

~~;r.mgjLim 'ii a-ej

I
p

is
naed to neca::.:eary, ij n 0\rder
aiminal that tha accused
-- -- ~~kj lia1*:_
CrimiMI

! ~S imilarii!JJ be:twe-.en fenrciJng

f to it'heft o r rceibbary .

sUJp;pUer th.ereof, shall before OifferJn g t he

&ilri'U!l for srale to the ;pu b ~ic, seC!Ure thE!'
nB;C ess.a 1ry cI eari'Rf1 c.e or :pennit fr'lmll itih a
sta~ion commander il)f '!i~ i nti'agra ~dl
Niillti'oiJUIJI Polios . ."

dj

a-- - ~rii-

is

ink:ln

allild accBSi&ory 995 V-2b

acts of o.'ltl Nho is. an a~ry to the

otint65J.
ot rotbel)' ~n<l lhcft ~
I
1
1
~
os~ned In fBndngL A~~ry in m~
I erj~ o1 -oo~>ery <:~r h~ft eol.lld be
: prQ6l:ec~ Yn r P.D 1.fJ1 :2 or unt:!er he
1
AJI
1

V-2a .

ronttarmc~

~ ~ IPQnel code. {Dizoo Pamin usn. 'liB.

P
le 2~~ SCRA t13
____
A P\ltllle orflel~! who ~es ~f'ft! gif1 a11ret;:l;flc/ ~0()5

, . . . . - - - - - - - - ... ..,
1

- - - - - - -

... I

Ac&e&:::;oli to t hefJ 1
tt;r roobSr)' .
P~~i~hed
as P uni-shed
two
plincipal .and h as
dagreeE- lowar l han
1
hig h panatty
the
p11nti:pal.
!ll'n{;.ir'IU

1P.O

: 46

al

Eiln:~,_
1

Unless 1B bruught : ,
ot pi'ctfi1Bd rom the I

&)toceeds.
1neft or
.Br1$ing
IObbel"lj

01

lilT?

the i

rr

ol~ ~rrd 6mpJ'D')"'i!tl- can<;~mod

~
!Jf J':.is offrr:.itfJ
wfUlirl ~~ J)fMJ1Ji1JOJl IS the l.~~fl!'} of
Pfif(ie.s (Jr ~erwiflrm~~"r'
hQilQr Qf ~

Id;I$C11~

~ n/

r.rorn

lttf~CfJoos. ~nctud

Phi pine hi-~~o~ay~

a:; puniE~hed und&
I P.IJ
532.
The
; peN~tcy in this. c.ase
; i& 1bat of

:,

~oo

J.S8

his: ~a; e
f9Jsfj ves." - P D 46 (See Oiews'Skln RA
301 Q a$ked in game- que-s'li:::Jn in the b ar
amployae

e-xam)

~-~--------~~0~~~~~~----~----~

vw

I or lndSl"e dly, rNhen :sut;flgifr, p.rasenl Of Oltte. 200$ XV

l vatue.b.le thing is !ten try ffiBSDI'1 of his ~ 001 X~
: ~aJ po;sr1icn, ~s of whetbar .ar rup '994
XIX
: rns ssmtr is fur pasr favor CY faYUm or ths

1
g;ar hopes Oi' exped.s to fJaCf:Jive .a f9JIDJ' o.r
06-fl:er .l'malment in the fuJur6" from ho pillJ!ic

-~1.

_____ _

I
1

_L...----.J_j

4. ~ F'a!Jt.19 N~fl~ .. 2(j11_EdJt10n___

f~urm!JII

---

A Tl PIRACY .A.I'tlO A.N"n=tiJIGHWAY

'""'"--r-12-001 . ~vm
ROBBERY lAW O F 1'974

'P.D
-6:32

t,ex Pareto Nol!Js- 20' ~ ru1~~0t' ~ .

-l

who

tiDd
f~

. 60l

Ronb~

l
1

~ai.ns.1
who

CQI

(11 9
~~

i robbery

1.: Of!'enCIP.f
-

__ I.. b[!ganfl

. 'Nhen
1s

or

'
C~l'1 e

IS

rot1)tary 1s:
by
somebOd( vho 1!S oot

2000 V

n.at

~eM.ior o~= ~onoume~

.. A ~oulh ul -offender et.\['lnOLS!"_Bi~ cr ha l

~frrtij af e.usp

d sentenoe when: ~
P' 0 6G-~ Art 192 .as.

(.A.ccon:l!ng to th
li!rnended by P. D 1 79. and 21 0)

1
1

--- _ ..
Of'dina(\1 r.;)bberj 1 I

oom.-nittoo

sent~fe~j~~lg~tea ..

'"Nom: R1A. No. n44 f rna J uvonil o I 200EI ~ xmT3

J~!il C& ami WoM~I1!' P,et or 2CJQ6.) flO W I ~og. XVb

i5i l'oo r QUJIU-

_ . -

I~ wi"'-e' ~he
1

.a

SU!SPENSION O f= SENTEMCE I P10 603

Crllll.IJ 3i YOUTI:-' Wfl.F ARE CODE)

shan s til-1 tJ
~ppUed ~~e111 if th
}wanUc is- ~d (18} Df ~grc or mora 1
at th!U' m of 'he pronou r't;Cctn .111t of 1

fughYM~ It

pre-

pro'!Rde:s
1.

~-~~Ch hJll . : ~~ _ .
It

~R.I.

. i]4..!1)

-only
against
pre-- I
1
de!errnined persone I

person~

~ln$t

ilf the

robbery m public a:tl.e!frnH'led v?ctims.

Susp~ion of sent.eoc.e ~l ::lf'lly apP'\r 1r : 1005 Vll-c'2

offender i3 still a minOr at ~ _jl}'lB 2003 VljiA

h !l.!"ff

1mute 31'1

QC(;;aaional

- ---- ie. c:c;.nmltted

1
. ~mltted
lnCt.I:!Y.::flnn.ately

Only

1n hig~

q,
;.....,_p=""'
_o=---+

frequency in ittE1 rc.Jbi)er)l

00fnlni9.SIOO
=

rHigh~~~"~~~lti}1- ! O~jn.aiy ~ob:b~ !

a~

1s

\Nrten - 1he!fe- ie.

D1fferenoe betrN.eerl hi-wey robber~ 12000

.BI"Id Oralli'lary rjblJel)l rom1'1ittsd 1n a I

t'f

bery ih:ene-ot'er ;

go

comm itted in

ir11a b~nd ~nd 'that

l'tlgtMay::~ l 1he r:obbef) i~ ()nly
c:;t rri.e9 out the in ~jt, nta I

an 1
opportunil) t-o do 1

-o r brigands Oil' in afly manllileT do ms n:v

~nefit thetetro.m~ ~, any p tson wlito
dm~ctil)!
cr
inditK-try
~Jib(lils
t
. c: om':ll ~. ion fJIP f)-1r.acy Qf h~h~ ~ob helijt
or lbr 1g~~d ilge, ~N be .c:om;ider.cd as
~ooml)1~e ~ 't~l o p r~n.~pa~ offer.~~, ~nd
b()- [punhsJ'I ::;1 in ae;~rdlane ~i 1itw :~rule~
p~'l(:rib9d J)y the RiiVN;ed Perl il! Cod

. - --

ro;;Jm~

hl?le

lie

S&Gmm 4 uAr'lJV per.so n 'Who knowingly

111 h d tn ifln~.r n ~rt1oor alet6 or prots~::ilB
pliratea ot hlghway rGb bO;rs/brlg;aJtds
s u e .aa. grvi:ng dtcm jnfo~tttnaiti o n - bout
th:o mrnr,ement ot pol ice Oil' othe~ pciilr:::e
oiffl~rs of till. 5JD111!ii'Ntnml~ ,Qr aetftd~s o r
reCIOtv<SS pr'OJl~uty 'ttilkon bJ s uGh p ra.tn

..

v~m

.. _ _ __

!! I
1

.} ~~~~ once ~nJ~~-&u~nslor' of 1

serit nee.

_j __ j

~ How&~t;r t1~-tj~ has ba91t Wtpiiedly

~~~~e(l1 ~e Ilotes o.n ~-~. ~jij$1 --L-----olL.-..w-.-7---'

Chapter IU- C.rlmi!'ta.'. lsLv

I
I.
1

1.

.:
~.-1.

::::.

..... v~um~. ru
. ------

----

2 .) He r.a19, 'be;en (.t)l"lVIc t ed of ::u11

of-f.en~e puni ~~~& b y dot1tf~ .o.r m~
~mp,rtso n m ent
I

t fds

'

'I

, -.

Js als o impU~~!J' r~~ by R . A

8369. Strch

pmvms

J~w

for an

.su.spe-.~ion ot .s:entefFoi:)
(See noms ~rt R.A ~;Mi
~No~e lrrrttter lhe en~etl'~ of RA No
ti~tc tnstic

imposrtion of r;t~alh ptJnilr;y

=o

"ll'}i.el"'i'-enroo' 1 relar1

.,,l'lDcb

a ~~

ol 2009

XV

1613
e~
~ -&n

an

"Div~S4Qn '" rsfer& to

approprltll~ pracas!o of

he

responsrbL1rty .and tt :.acmant of ~

ir.
conil1ct wrlh the Ia,., on lhe bas1$ of hisJhe.$0C:I81, cultuml , ~nomrc., p:Sychological or

. cau c~til)flal

background -.'iithout resorting lo

1ofl'1""1,1;11a:.urt pr~ings. -

P.O

ro4
EK.tt;...,. .
1'5-T)

FISHERif S DCIREE OF t 975

s~
w

l3 - Ona {), ti'te ~

$ .. unliMful

is. th a~ it
I.
1.
knO\ 1n 11 to
I

...L.

.....--....,~...,_- _
1996 / xr

p~ in this
ror anII psrson
.

. LIFt:l
_
a_
~ 111'1 , ~ or

Is
1

mal::iW, ~
de~f\9

ARSON OF- PROPERTY OP SMALL.

VALUE

2004

v..A

323 of
RPC whicl'l con~mpla,e$ mha.t
the aims of maliCious ~hie I -c:omm fld
buIs Gf small va-1ua ( N<!t
1 if 1heo pi'"O'i>
i:i~lng. P 25.00} has ~r-eady
rspGaled by P.D 613. n
w Ar&on law .
no memion is m e as ~o lhe 'll~ua~ot
the
propet"ty that &houkl tae con .ered when I he-

rtv

r'l'~ lbeing.

:i)

Yi"'

the fis hl
NEW A!Ft$0N LAW

P.10

a clivrtras
.arn oosrgned o
resa
IBsues 1 at ~u&ed th Child kl oo~ an
a: n&e It may lal:e the fonfl of an.
lardi vid u t~~llzed r1"9a11r'r'len1 program 'f1hlt;h may
u;cllsde counSElling. ~i lls train
. educmion.
an{3 other ac "vJ'Iies that
nttance h
r
f)$)'Cho1ogK:.al, erna&iooal arid, r;t$tcho-soci I

.r:

~~es- T hlt)'
gued 1Mt 'h&y did not
kn~ ty ~4 =he i:J&11 Illegally ellllJ t
Land ttl~ they can j;~ln pm whern tha~' rooustrt

9.:)45 wfrid~ rlO'Io\!' e:.tpmsosf\J probi.bns m~

(I)

or

[ m8ftf1Br diSpOSe of, for profit, mr. ftsh

fis her;laqua
prcduas Which haVe been
lllegs1ty ~us
akgn o.r oathernd. . .. The
defer~ rl)lsed "ha.b It
e, bean cnne- "nm
knowingly"
.abscl'iCS ~he acousett ~r rwn
i 1 lla .
OOCI.:Ised , ~ ca11c
'tli.d w1 nt>W lh~ " t li~:t bout t wem ~
thal w reo 'Ci!:r-ugn thfcug
'IN use ef

_ _. . .,

Jrt ~ !. ----=-~

P.D

APPlREHENSION A'ND PROSE:Ct.JiT10N

! Elf~

C RI:M~NAl OFrENIDRS.

J"

,
;

Acte oonsidored .as

u.nosr Soc
t~} prevt~J

I
.__

c&slr u~ioa

ng wftnes.tie:t. from

or

Or

ji.)S!joa
'

h~$tlfying

I ~tng or from fep0t1ing the

;;;rmnot;tion of any often"" or 1l1e ""'" ity of

any

...

118-29

I till!1

( f me ot arnon is. oomm1~t~.

PElNALIZING'
09STJUSC.Tii0 . .

o~nderls

by

mea ~ __ oi

bri~~~!.

Chap/or III- Crimjnfl raw

....
..
......
. {;
'

..

___v<->!~e m
r - ..

oc cdcome- of li1:e inl!e'9llga1fon cf. or affic1al

~
-----rol!l-f.ep4"ellentation, ~ . intmlict.abon, farce
or 1hr-eats:

. (b~

proo:edi~

alteri~.

des oylng. E.upp~es.smg cr 2005

-eonr.:::D'ali n~ ny [!)Spar. r ecord~, ~en:t, cr
oliject. _ 1.\lth
to Impair It$ 1/iarlty,
utnl3fllid:y.
ility,
a'l.1 ailabll~
or
oomi~bil y s f!IV'idence
" 1'))1 inves
oo
ol or official pt~inga n. ~nal c;s et,
or t:Q be used ln. the .invesN).Ptro~ of. or
daJ
pr~-dillgE.

Xd

(g) salbciCing,
accept any

.1

p rpo~ cr

;J

Ciime, 81/&.'~lt'lg
prcBe<:l.l1iOI"I or the e:.;er:::ution of ;& ;u~grne.nt,
o.r a:lnt:eafiing h1s. crul!- name tr~ nd -otber
pen:.-onal circu~ance$ fe1 U'le :same
j pvrpose Oi puwos.e!i.,
~e) de4aying the

prevent Sl tCI'I
ersm1 rrom
appean~ in the- ll\\'e5Uglil on
01 olilclal
prneeedings in, crimina cas..;s, or 1m~ a
oondi icn, '11. heqher lpw:fut' ~ unlawful, in Ot~er
to !PfBi-IBn a peraon rem BPflSBiing in the
ln~st:l)abon of or officiaP,procsadings in,
Q'unin aI [;.316.9 s;

o:-crer to

or.

: (I) glvif'lg tJf r l${1 or fB'Dtit.at.ed nfCN~naltOn ..-~

I ~a.d or opr~ent
~ enorcetr1enl.
~~ rom
:P~nd"9 1he of en~r Of
wom p.rQWC1ing "the lffe Of prop~ of lhe
VicJ1m; or ftilbricli!'ing m ormaoian fm m lhedeia ya-hered in coofidence b) in~13'!St.i9atmg
au h ie.-s fur pur:p05BS of tJ.ad<ground ,
lnlOITT'Ia ioo and not for public tion. and'
pu~i~1ng or dissemme~tmg the sam to
_ __~:....:.m
;:.;;~:==;.~ ~~ !!'IY~~ttg .tqr ~t : ~QUrt: ..

prosecutiOn or crimin;(ll ta6M .

b~ c.Ss.lr.ur:ting 11'1 e ser .:1ce ol ptooasE. or (;OIJJ1:

.Qrcfoei"!S or c!:rSlUr ~ proceP-dings 1n tht!l
:iacars offl<;ea, .n Tanodbayt' "' or in 1

Ioourt:s .

tQ

(1'11 thraatcmn~ difectly or md1rodly anoltmr

in

ctr :Jus na:me fOt" 1hc

CQJ'!CP.g t;ng

accep r.g, os ~Qteeing

irt ccnE.ide,-ation

benerrt

wh ~ tho
iOn of al'l)' lf~r ong upon hi$
get$on, onor Cff proporty or Ulat of tlY
lmmedl
mb or 11lef'r'lb
o1 ~ fa;r1i~

1n, oCrrm lr~ cas~ .

pubhr:::ly ug,in!i:J

~imina! ~ -

of
abSf.tBirung mrom. disr.;o.unting. or 1mpet:hng the
~oo of a l:'-llminal oHendar.

{c) h bM\Q OJ ~Ofl(;lftaq, or facilitsimg me

.. ascspe OJ, any ~oo ha .kno\"'~ o r he~
r aso~sble ground to t".eliuva or $U sd, ~ :
Cl:>mmJt_l ed .any oife.ase under e x I~1.i ng p=o..Il el
laws. 1n ~@r c ~re\l!!n1 .h1~ arra&t,
, pi:)So:flcuticn an(.l con.ictioo;
I

in

(f) mak1n~ , ,preaen ung Of us.jng ~1'1)' recor(f~

document. paper or ol.Jti$Ct w1th 'nowledge of
._ __L~ f~lsit) ~nd w inlen~ 1o a"feet 1 , oourn.e

---- --- - -

365'

...:
=:!-:
..

L_6_lf_P~(.eto_N_otes - ?~_1_
4 E~!jt~J ____ -- . .

. - - . , _ ____.::!~l()il:!fu~m~!.!.:
sm

C .) OT ER lAWS

o4 det:eaq

I ~ -:::~: ,---.

. .. . -12~10 1

.2{Jog

VIII

Criminal intent .1$ n.ot neDe!lS3 ty ~n order

11'l~ t a f.lE!r$01'1 bE! madP. liable for tl'IP. '.1-iol.ation
of a law w'1mh 1s malu lli ,proJubltiJJJl 1n :
-

01scuss10t"J

Ias~1 i~

a.r:t

Art

2{11}.3 - 12)

...
IEWI)'ers In ~he ct.ual pericrmance ofmh
p I'Ofas-:Dc nal d uttes. or or't the occa sian or
j pet'SOilB
s
performance
.II "' d
~----4- JL u~y...
--. .
: rt~mil AR CI..E 40 - A pen;on hB!S to aecure (a 1994
jutlicial dedara lon of nu!lrL)~
an if 1ne nrst ,
1 'I
c..oc~cr marriage Pit 110id $b ~no
'lur-'l' to do so will
~ (t sa d perBOn l!ii!~ f(W' tt..) my if he tarries wiihou1 $e<::Unng O!J judicial
-d
ration <lf nullity.
u..

200'1
~ 1QQ1

XUI
XVI

Sactioo 2

as
.,-~

i ~ 2018

t<nowle-cl ... by ~he- ar11wer of ion9.1..11'1ir::iem::y oi

unds. or l!aCk -of fu.f\dS. tilat 1he I.Wie o'
is;s.uanoe of th~ t::hoacl: i!o' ~1'1 e&-sential (llement
1in tl"le: Yiolatlun of B P ~4 howevE!f Uw .~cw..
; Pre"$.
~ pnma .faae e ~tMj8rtc.e' of .such

_j

a.

i-

ha cri.'lle illegal r_e~~l

em

2<l04

~A

co ns titutir.rg

&abclage 19 mcu rr~ Wl"1 en ~ is

i. -earr1
out 1n large sea Ia cr ...o'i e S.\'DdIC ~ - 1
is in lilf
scale ~IJhen there are 3 or mete
sgg le'i-00 pa~iss , mdivid lly cr a g, a group
I ~ corn111 ted b) a1 s)nd~e whe n 3 or
more- per$0n~ conspirn or onopersia El'l

tlfst~r

(lr noo-ptlymen he
odri:Wror p8'1~ 'lt.-e holder
amount due. The
~'~12ttce o f the gr.cn,er to rh!3' !l~ee _ fore ti: e

j___ _I"""Y'"Q ou! the ille!.J~I ~':"'~

1.~ maker's A-nm~f~.tl of

111Wff:fe1JCY of hi$ funds ~:s 1.eg~1y pre.sur~
from ~~ <.N.shorl:& (J( the cfle.;lr. for is~Jr r;f
fLJrrdS'), U~5 S. vrith.n fl.e bai'tk1ng da~~ (If I
1~ice

ec:o~

I
I

XV~ I~

-~
-oo-r~~EGAL RECR~~Ni

k~vro

IIH)... ,,. '

873

n L01e.

~ {See

2'009

xu lb

The- 1ssua~ of
un1undad' c.heck on 2003 ' X~l
ac.oot.mt or fOf value-, aftet 'Sa~ chec.t; has 1$98 Vll-.;1
: bee-n dlt;h[W')Qre<i ty fhe ba will make So:11G 1 991 X
pa~QI'I ljable Jar '"'iolatioo of B P 22 t OOBE 1QOO X.-a
1oot maer 1f the re-.t450n 01' r.ne d1shooQ( IS . 990 X-b
1 inaufftcie1'11.7r)' -or funds or not~
j

d~s

BP

'

nl

--

_l_ __ _j'
.-~ .....

.--:-:~-=------

AUAS

.::~~~~::.:RI~ Ion~ ~h~~--~~~~---~d-e:t--.--1-994 1 1\1-2

.. . -- - - - - - - - .

l ns.t.ances w h r{]ir a f ilipil'lo 11 1Jing

Phi ippinea
use ar. ~1ia$ iegally ~ Not a comprehen '"'lve ll~t)
1.) P eeudon~m 11'1 ll~rary works;
: 2 ) I ~he witne$S p~edion program ag; . fCPJid
for b:; ~.sw ;
3.) \II n aU1hor1zed ~~
Coon as pro,t,i.:;ied 'I

1999 -:<v-a

...

parfol'ms a Mtrii3S o f sets \1 io'lallng ()(')fl

ha- ~me
penal rtwlsK:Jn ~
itle<l t me
e pi~ ~wJ
ut 1r1e 1i ne im lor the r'l"te ctt uy 1 ;PtM:e.
lefla rd~ ol serres of ads oone i1 I$ r~g ded ~
aa-;( ~ croe. Altnoogh this ~ oe t
n~ be fQund
.

direaltj ~n 1he Re-\lised Penal Code hiE. concept IB

a pplied by 1/t.e
l)reme Cour1 1n several
i urisprudem::e. n c:oohnued crimes., only
one
~ nfo:rna1ion is. ~ again$t the offender (See artic1e
46)

i.
I

l
~

or pre~ ~he

rigger which .silO~t~ld

rodliCirtg severs feloot.es, , bl~t t
: 1'1
ar o bullet~ ~ ~uall~ prod\.Jre(l
I~
~ W~$ P\eld m the carse af P~plc A$. Desierto, C.A 45
0 G 4542 ~ha-1 :9e\ter~l Sihc;:1s. ITo!'1 a Thompgoo $ut'mec:hl~guf\ causing
:3~e ;11 d
ltls, a hough
c-au$-eel b a single set rn r.essiog 1he rigger, ~ re
con!l.idem(l s~~r a l ac1s." (Qu~ed ~1 $0 i~ '!he- case o f
E~le "1/:S V f'_Qa~. ~-~CRA 254 ~~~9G!
_
Cli A ~A.CTeRrsncs O.F CRU\t iNA L AW
- - - ,1-996

Jt il5- oot he

.!JCt
considered f!$

t .} Get"!eralily - It i-s bind1ng to (Ill

.-;::.~nuing ctirTJ& - is one '''hose ou(1nlial lngtu<.:~iorus

~'-'laoo m rmxe han ~JRt~ mu ht {It

Q"''

cnmioo, pro.sec:ution f'or s.aid c:rlmo 1'1~ lte ns~ll tHed

end he- ease trieo In me oompe1ern ~ot. of en ~ one
ot s..xh m~l "tley .or Q1 1~, The term (OO"ri ing <: rime

't'i!tlere crimmel l;IQI)Qn may ~ 1rrS!it~

tS- more

EX POST rAClio 1 AW
-

J;~E~ r&Ona ~\1 ho

Ji11 Ot.._ sojourn in Philipp ne l emtor

s.ut,ac to

a~~:ceptiOr'lS

2 .) Tt!<frit(lrl i
Philip pine

3, ) lrr~rospectr'f11Y .... It <~3n Cflt~ be BQ:lplied ~o aC'Is

aoo

omis.-s.k;Jn9.i cC4"qmiHI!Jd a:tter he effe-.r:trv.1v

Qof the i a\Y.
.-~ O~J~_l]~:"~M ~~- {o;e_t ~&o__ ~Jj-~~} ~ jiJ. g

---'i--:~-1-~
S99 Vla.b

GhaptBr W- Cnmmal t~w

uman righ ts vio la~1on can be ccnsid~cd a ~ i'A

Philippine e-gpecielly 1110letion -of such 1 igh4&
: constfuJes elements of crime'S pw1i \l9d u
r out
; crimina~ laws. Howev-er
e no4B 'that
! fund~ ntal ttmq1pfe of "N lum c:r1~~.:. P'.~U~. .~ _._

i the

I.,

A laW n~n Rl~k.eS ttn mnocent ~c1 .e c:nme o,ef-ore ~

it il$ m {:lde pVni~ha ~ .
.
S !ISpens.iCJfl ol the acc:uBed p endanta 1:it.e ia not ;
viol~\lB of
cons rnuoonal pro'w'IEetm a;gam'St a
ex oast facto ~v

- It can <~nly be eonrol'4d within

te rtlt{lry
subject
lo
eert~ in

~cepbon$

pec11nentt~ ~ed Y4ih reference t-o 1he venua j

l..e.( P(l!~f(J ~~(s- 20 L4_Ew.~ r1

Varu.rn& U1

Lex PFl~. Noit)=::- 2014 Edibon

---~

Sll'le ;eg~,- <TNtre 1:- no-aime-\. ~n lher.e

lsno h w--

etPe

;....2.!d_r"!~~~ng th~_ sdm~(pn~L.::., l'le.J~ttic:L)' i:!bS-ef!:~.L - ...

M~

. ORA OUM Ctiii:CK

a,

A P9f.E.On who I~ s. ~ memorenaum ~et; wrtnout 199$

sutrieien funds ,1!3, g tl)~ or 't'iolatrng B P 2 . he "Said 1995
~~ oovera ajl k1n liS of eher:::ks The mere- lssl..ffill~ of 1Q-94
~ check .a rnalum prohrbi~um. It ~ea rn;.t rnan-or of
: tr..e Chr:K;k is issued ~~ eJid nee -Df rndebtean S!..
P.gi~~l"lCI"It ba~!.Be n he par11~ tha~ ltJB holdet will i
: nc~ ptesent tho cheo\ ~t he bank is onty bet:"- 'etln 1
.them tt dce.s. not e:c:empt th~ dt ..WP'8r rrom liabt It~

IV-1 b

!
!

(D

~ va

1~a

RECLUSION PERP.ETUA & L.IJ'

JMPRISONME.NT

19&1

: -~.
~.

RBci U~Sicm pe.rp ~u81

al'\0 e ilrrpriSOi m t s.hould n~

be used inti:lrchange-ar..ly 8SI tf'leV re tot~~ din ron

rrGmcaqh other
ReciDMsM & -=
Q-:-:u-=A..,....
S1......,....,
e=-=
c~
ro
=-w
-=-f-M
\S -.- - - - - -

IV-2

~~--=R=e=c=~~~~~==--~--a~u=~~~~-=Re-c-~ow~~M~

~ions 0-( ihB The con"Jiotioos e.re n~

Qrftend"er are- for Crilii9'5 for the crime em br~
embraced n 'h E.ame in . he :same it ol the

rae of the Revised Pcn.al Rt:'{lsed

Pl3'nal Cede. I
is for a felon y tt\at wso

Coda

tQmm1lM

oetertdcr
~nt~noe

,I

!I ge.~r1c
~ 1eireur

37 0

. ; be Q~t
1

b;

the

ror~ ~181\ring

~nal

by

j u d9 rne nt ror
r'K.ith9t
cr1me or while :!3e1\llng
sentence for :;mQ1het
IllS iti oonsidefed

1-2

Acoorchng t-o the Supr~ Court, rf C011 f8-S.S

: ntend!ed to d ~ 1M <:.ia$~i.fy~Gon o f ReaiU!JfQ'1..L _ _.___ __.

ll E I ~ME
- I& a pena}'!y prescribed by
special laws. ff doc5 n04 have a fl:c: d B1ion of
prisonmanl ar4 tJoes not riav any ar:::ressory
penaLty.

I~::>09-J....,.I x..,.r-,. . .a ~

~ ote. R~n P ~eua ramai_n . to be an l~dil.isrble 12000

I p~e~. Thn; I& dt?aprte tl"te p (J'Jisl on -Df S~I)Qn 17 of '
I R.A 7'659 wh1cll fores. the- dur.attcll o f rec:IIJsiOn 1

IBw

1-J

t carvies Y.li'lh i~ ac~ory peneJttes

perpetuf!' 1r'om 20 yes~ ;pnd 1 day to :W ~ ears. .

,
l

.~.

. : ...
. :

altered art"
76 of ftle R~i ~d Penal Cod SlnCJl
tner~ Is. no sYoh al~;era1i . U1en he leg~I:;Hrte !meAL
, tS fbr ~c l usl oo :Aerpe'b.Ja kl remain ln(ll\ll$1
,
; (People V$. l ueas.}
J

2001 Vtl.
R~C;.ULS ~ O
PE~P.ETUA - i~ ~ pg.aalty prescribeo 1994 IV- 1
u nder the R'"i&ed Pet1al Co~. It
s ~ bad dur&1100
o1 i mpOs.onm.~t fM'l 2Q y~rs .and 1 d~Y to 40 years

Cha{Jt~r Ul- CrimmiH

... .
....

to a divislole penalty hen 1tley should n va:

Oeftoi!;on: A mernafll.i'!diJI'rl ch8r:::k is. an -or n'tafY 1995 IV. '1 .P

ch "
,,.it'h 1he w~ P1! mo. il1em,
1994 1-2
mernor~mdu m" writtE!'n ~os.s ~ ~a -srg:nrfte.S
tha ~
ki:ir or dr~r et1g g~ l-o iPai' "he hol(te' of
r.sid chect: absolutel)l
.Nt'I~'E.Jut any oondrtiOn
ooncernlf'l ll.s prese.ntment. tt tS <1~v.n on .a bank ancl
, oornee within 'he l'rlo.am 19 af e bAll oP e:.t.anga under
Sac: . 95 Gf 1!Jle r'l go4iabla lm.m,.unenls L~.

-~nde 8 . P ::?2

sea

aggra-..raAing

Of Ill'S.

Thl!!.

81

spe.~~

.aggravatmg

csn a rrumatam::lE!
ant;t
.an ordinary . cann~ be offse by a ny
and

'I
m aun gJr.::um~~- J mrti ~ cr.-cums.

Cfrl)pfe.r m- Cnmma.l law

-------

J
__________
1
I

_,

311

.-.
~~I
I

f l)od~ being

fOOnd~-he

offender may still

~~

- - -

- -

d..a;9ed ~--

f:ll'll oon~wi cted

c& a crime- Wharl the- ''t~s. ancl 1

I Clrcumsisnc:e~ ~ a cnme"" (LhiE. i& wh~ IS properly
called a:s UlE' bod ' o0P tt"1e ~ime or c~ 1 ,.:; d.el1c.11'11\919. 1
~-en astabt
d

_ _ _ _ JlOIWUJ 0:.

V:tt#tfE~..ll/

.-.---.
I

I
; PRES.CRJPT10f4 .... juriF.rlictiol~ -ihft filing 0 B
I the mu~psl me... couf1, hO\tgh Ol'll)' f'Of
IptOIIrnln~ tn'~ - ~Joon. i~~ anet ~uspended
! ~a- . t10d of prescription, &im=e ju thcUon of a CDtJrt
d~ennined En crim" I eatM b)l lt'.e ~atic ns of

.&;,

I.

: oornpl -

CORPUS Oci.ICTI (Defl n~oo) - l~1erolly m e:ms the 2000

I body 0 1 &u l1Sl~nce of he ~A1me. 11 -could a ls.o mean
) rhe (~ct. el'uit a cnme w.as oomm1tted"fPeople- vs..
P"asCJJal 44 OG :2769~
'
.

XVI.I-a

II

G~PlJ:S

I'(IOf.

D EUCTI fEfomun li} oij - "The iiiCiual ~000 XVlll-b

1
commu;"9.Kin h~ sorrf one a the- p911i;:;u!111 cr1me
cl'larged. It ie. a compoot'ld r~ made u p t1f tw-O 1hitlg$:
8.:<tS,ei'V'....e of a cmia1n ct cr resul ~
rormlr~ the oa::.i& of he cri n''llr~ marge

1.) -

71le(! ~eeAJs !o bs a kind o, O'fdrnln the Un;vsf.SD:, mtJJ~ movcmi!

' of the srs.rs. snd Ut I'4Jrfll ,.g of lhe earth aml t't~ c/1~ of t.fie
.J(!al!'tl-Mr and ev8-# in tho- eyc-le, of hum~n IW BUC nur:rutn ~~~ Jt;sell.rs
:tJlmo.st pure- cr'r os. fv.ar;ame ta.WS hts clurn~c, a~t$~~u ttl$ own
righ~ and f orl~g~ mlstslti11JJ the- motrv~ of ott2ef~ and his a,wn.oo
1

1e

2 } The e,;i.st-enca of a e:lrninal agenc:y as

the caUSE~ of the mel. Qof re!J.ult
'def'l ;.,. CJt offender is 1 ot nece99Bry el.e
COl U tJ!e hct I

nl

II

K~tt~rJ:t,g.rina Anne Po rtct,

Pulltz.~r Prize wlnmnrJ .JCN.fma1is:~

or

CIIR:CU'MSTANT1AL
~OENeE:
Um
d 1 2006clrcumsas.nbal ~i A 1ce cookj ha-'tp et;lftt)IISA lhat heDffendars. comm _. Un:~ cnmeo.

12005

DAMAGES

St,J pr~ rC..ourt

rna~" may be award

has held Itt at

proof of 3C'il I damages_

I
~

'

pe

'

.
I

~t b~ ~he- rea
-of
le v:s... Gah:!IM:J, 7...:-S......::S:;..;::C;.:._AA
:::....:....1.:. .: Q. : . 3' - - - - . . . L

lhe camplalnt or inmrme jon ndl

OI:$9A.RME"rYT - Th .

vnen "~hEre- is

XV-2

fJrtd ~t quite lmprol:ntbl ~t.ltt such ,orr:Jsr C::umo ~~ or clloi}O$.. The-flii!

has m be som11 Oi"g~;:Umg pn11ciphr. God to me 1$ ft mystery- but fs
the e-xpl&nllltion f(:}.r thO' r.m,n!c1s of exrstcfft .C. WIJy titeifll! J8 $Ome111MQ
mstead of nothing. it.
1
' /

Xl J

~ampa1 at
oo SIJ'ffi(;i~

- Alan Sandage
WMl'Rl(l"f of rt-~e Cni!wfol'ld pril'oe.in astrort-o.frry
~000

X.IL

~prerr1e Co~n 1"\a~ jun~.~:. :.I=(I(I.:. . .! L_ _.__ _

374

..

},~'
...

--:;.;~

ABOUT T1H

~~

~ I

...
.
I
I

'

1.

I"

I
I;I'

,I

...

..,~~ ~ mail: ~thm with his r:lasm~ates e:t{IJ:'lad 'the IJ..e.x

P~re4.o ~~s. during trtelr ser'IIOf' year if'li hi} coli ~ of la--n at ~~tell'!
U
'(. He g tad u~ oo 'iWh a tll!lt;g!TlG in lnd us11iiCiI Eng inee r1 ny frcm ~he

. Qlfr. d

"'11/bfl- crested thess 1sw.1r? ThNs is no qrm.s.rlr:m i!l-lJit tha a God wi1\t
o~t~~ bit!' ,~eadJ1d."'

,,

IA1f411J.9RS

~,.

- Barty PSTirief
Cos.mr::tlo,gist

. _

numa.ll mma:, ~o ma~1'C1' how hl!fh#y t~t.tfJrfJ:J c-~rt~l gr~p

'llu~ univei"Be. IN~ are lnllt-e ,p osili0n oJ BJ lUrie e~..Udr enlerit'g a hc.-geo
Ubnny ~Nb!;l~ wall$ !U~ IC'Q~red to :rhe ceiling wrti"J ,tt.QQkr!t lt:P tnSJ.Fy
rh~

dif{eFen~

tanguelil. The ehild olf~:~owa that soo~&ooe must bs.ve W~il1en

thaae books. It dces ~ot knlflw who or hCFtJ. It daes ~o t UfJde1~tsnd
. :tfts fanguag~
w.h;c,, !they .erre wmi.en. Th:& child note.s: s definite
pJarr. i n tn e arn~ngemeJilt al il'heo h,ock"s. a mysterious order. whi~h it.
r:/Gr::rs not comp.1'1Phend, b~t cnly dimly .su~ls. Thift+ it seems ro lllls
fs. tff.s .atrfitudEt .o-f the 'human mim1, e~t"M thO" gllt.:Tt.ss' .&lll!d' mos;t
~ulr.~rod~ t!;IIW'jJm ,G J, We- .St'l'o a fi! rri~c- .rJ1tlrvC~#I:):t.~.!;ly ~r.rnngcd'J
ol> ying r;~ Mw.nl bt.l~ wo tmdCf.Stt.t.r.u:l ffl lilW$ amy dimfy. Ot.lr
Hmnet$ m~ 0$ c~rtrtOt g~-lt~ ff~e mJt$terlQ~.~ forctl' ~1~~n s:w~!f$ m1.NJ"

con .t~!141 fil Orl$ - -

II

- AUJ-.e.t1 EJ stem
Theo:r.ertlc.91 Physicist. and P:h.UDISnpkar of Sci&nce. d:eveJa,red ~1-...e
fhfiilll}' of ~e~eraf! relatfvhy

Cebu l n!li - !Jie o Techr'..(lloay. lie ,ll'li l'ltti l'li::, Ql

~ry snd igh s~ool
8t Bob H .~h~ Chrl$~f'l ~cLldern:-' nd aaumed tl1& most ~~l rtg
~ udent o'f the b.atd'l. He :f:s. <:~Jne11 ly the- Vice prre~ n ror Oper;itt&ons for
1he .ls1'l8 He Idings I!\~C. I a gJr-oup of rarnlty own~ ~a nle-s with bu!li ns~
i nterest Funeral !lEin..tD:;ing,
.memorial care.

.uMail'hwruttJc.s pf:t'!.f;~IJ'$ vottlue-a: tht91 ~e-.cl. t/1e ~O$rnO..o:z) trt(:lpdJ~

o.rdr::rl trt8$<J, .ba-1.9nce, hsnl ooyr 1oglc, am:l Sthsk'a-cl hesuty.."
- Dee-pair Chopr.a
Author and physrcian

rna_
nu{ectwing , f\ln~l

su.p

Qr'ld

a=

He is also pradicing law priYa~ l~ and is teEtef'ling la!i'J ij;ubJe4:11i

the
Soutnws~torn UniBr5it}~ &hool {]f Law. Baing B paBSiona.le \'tTl r, he
1Nriling buo);s, a ~icles Bind
sponds mudl 1lf. his freo
a ~ iSita
.blogs:er. H PGMna~ blog e~n ~:i.e fount! at 'INM'.zdiaz:.cmn. He e t:l1 1~ly
'blcgs 31. VlWw.'() ckpad:pofymaM'I.oom and w rit-Gs abou~ stock mark;et
lnt~es-ting at www .pOI;'rnathlnYest-er. ~
\WNJ. h~ll'flOI1e<;h btog .corn.

.about tt!ll:t mobg]y at

He ai~KJ hag a Bache-brs. degree in T heolog~~ irw1he M Mtlr' ~ S~Jminary

.and Cclte:ge :;md ~ere 1he Mas.1er'":s Comm~1nrty F II~
("wa'NJ.mas:te.rs e ii&J.n~) He ie curren pur9.1.:1ing bi$ ~et"$ d grM i.
AnlhrC"J)tllogl)' a~ tne un er~ o f San Carlos and plens 10 me:jor if'l
An::haoolog}~ . He is curren41y ~aking

Arch

AI Ra

c~akat

up- a

~icate cou~ in Cogn.ti~~e

lcgy at Che- Uniwi'Bi~f of Coloa-ado. Cc!Orado Sprin gs..

ot Ou~ the sen o.f EnQf. Oaoor P. OtJano

, corozon 1

Ou anG. He- g,ut his law d~ree from Soo'thwestsm U nh~e re.~y
~:SM
~he 20013 bar e:w:ams. He is .he eld~ of me ba.y11. nam:et~ Or. ~,lct.ael
Cz~r. Ot. Philip Chane&. Or. Plerra and Or. Oercsr Jr. He is h~il~ msnied
k:l Ot. L t.l~ 8. Testado-Ouano. I-ts hEm seti\ledl foJ" several )i~e ar,_ all: !ha
$bile At-t(lj'ne~~~ Offle" In Cctru .ilr~t;J s, eoc nt~J just tran:sterrro ~o ~
Pf.o1~1 .fi:IS"eetttof'& Offir;:;(l o1 Cd:lu . ~s
cs to ~ a.y at me and ~
NB-A ~ FIFA tn Plays r!Uofl 3.
~-~Jilli Att~ lrO M\M&_u:m~to made i fu. law 8cho
,~hile \'r.'nrking at B
faf ign (;(J(iSYiatct of ~ in Cabci. One- of tM g;~eat in~u ~ as kl ~ic h sM
aurlbut.Fld! net sur;:;oos.s tt e bar e )(.an'linatitlns eeght years. ago- 'li'.ra~ ""~1

~~

eldansive- time and e~~rt inves(ad in lha

ig of ;Me Lex P~reto . Nctet;
(lPN) Projsd whlel'l "as ronc~~uaf!Z.ed by Nw .zjg fc'~ M. Dfaz:. a
claurna,e in la\'lw' s.chQQI. and proponen1.-k:lt.!Jtl Ieeder of he- l PN prcjoct,
u' ilaJ1.y as. a
It 11 p underlaA:irtg and tJJll for
~rsonal benafll. of
.iJ s.m3ll .group
~
w gradua" nSJ $tuden.ts

{1,

re- s-he was oorn

r t11 doing flaidl ami oo11ns VOIIJn~er
'1.\lO
An i$"tdepet"l.dsm tr..., ... eL enfhtlaiaM. -s"he lewes Lo ~~ rse
rself in.
1'13ture- ~diVerlture , ~nguo ~~. ~cd Elnd o. . e
Stle- ia

pro~ntl:; engaged

oot for P'N' i'thood whereupml

&~ lor

e.~

pnti"l.

in- v rl11ate prac~ ~1'1 Cebu. tt.

and ra ised . She devote& some of

M~fLiil .S;,I~ _Qionald!o l;ll s~l~o, Is a la\'1' gr~d~te of SOU1tw.leebam

Univr:rtHy, Cebu City, Philip.pinll8 The y,ord s~l means ~~~ or
hoolltl~
Spa
. S'lud hails tfet"t'l Guihulng , Onen ~rc.s She- Q;
th ~ ungeat dewgr1er of Jm%1 Hec1a; Bctfilll) rtd Mrs. Vietofie ~naldo
Bartno She 1 he4 her Elem ~8~ at Guln r.gan. fiicu1h Cen al Sd\ool
~m ~r H1gh Sd'tool (3t St. PER.il'!o 'Jnr~~ . ln !mllaQUBtll Caty. She 'S p \
l)et (:allege day ~' Cebu ooet:ors,' u n

In ona 'C1f me BPO ~

$pecia11S1. '!Nl1er-~~in , &he rr'~O~'"' rtors ul)d~es ragaroing
l~hor'l$ from Canad n LB!ill'IS.
Pre !!lartU~. she 1s. oonned

rfJI in Cabu as a Jr.

Mo

ana was orn arid raified In

me ~ ar,r ed ~ion ~~ 1hEI c
(Ceb

aa -

nl$hed1 his ~
H~ ihlg sChool

n Ma ravi~l-

Cil'n amf sz 1.::; tnt"" PhJr J,, ~1 !l t(I'I"'Q th r~ i,j lt't~ r.rt;~jr~n .
lot m l:~:; ft!r n-:~rx.1rJ.Z: HP- b rnr:~r(itJfj t:"J Ma
IK.tlstirti:L .fltft(! IO J P...:, t"",~d \vtlh l...r;. ::k1~-. tu t t l~ ~..' e n and ~b1 t7 An[ldo. 1-k fl rV~....,
up .,, 'I:I.~I+Jh8fl11to!,t~O r~rn!S 0 If! I ~ul' NI)t_.r{!- lf'le tork. 111'. ~~~.:=-n ;..n~.;.ll I
~-ct~l.-!.lt) H~ IOinJJri .t:'- c;;:nnok: ::; (.!rrun~ryo ~ lhc Ofoe.i tr .-,t Itit.! AUf;I'V', 111 ti,-..ll
R!!!COIIer.:1s dtJ1 1119 t n~_i l ' lnl(')l ~ ;:tr tn ::'llgh sd11X1I ~t Cclegttl It~ Sit-:. Te111~S
R~oleLv:.. lA S ail C<l.l h .l~ C.il)'. t:!t;ll Ot Ot; L......d Fm~i.ll l
hm;l: , ....~ (:fl!=.!~ll
'ff11~\ 1ne OO.Jr.:..'"! ot E:ia.:;he-k.1 r nr Ar Ls ir\ C ta~Jr:al Pt~~oo J)I I'f a1 C:. :t ::Jt;i.:.\-:
Ftec.oiB~~ Sermmary rl) B~u1 o C~LV It 4 lawr~od un him thilt ht"! ..... ;:-,s. n,,, (,Ut

uoon

.attuca11on

YIP oomple!ed

O~J,

0'3\lt1t1l Orien~t

,.

Hf. :

eJemEm1a1Y s<"J'la~ . . . ;.
'f~ at;ade m)' in
:~.~

dedded to erercl1 - s
ry nd ~ern 3 'laat.S at tna san\~
Ci O{il Se: inmr)' cotege. f r;)r 5=:oars.1lnal: ifcQ a son~. he . eCidadJ to !1)11r&ue .
s~udiB& ~thO: Urnve: ty Qf San carlos and g:r~du~ted wi h a d&g
lr. AS .:.~
Phitosuph)!. rwue s hi ~ friends call
an a -. onass. tPiayu. " d a !.)
s
mecta11s1 1he :201}4,, 2005 SIG1.AKAS. (S"NU - ~~ttarrulru13) Ke . an .
EJcti\tC. tem'beJ of' ~eve al :&tho:)I o~nizatron-s 5ui!fl as thet
..
QP:ota~ on.st f~ bar oo..-nml
nd the Lex I"Blf'fM! comm e He aim ~
ha:G ,Dppcfti.lni'Y 4Q seNe A1i d ~:~Inn n
lBx
oomm.l'ttea; ~ lice .ed re es1Bie btOkilr. N
h;. pre~:Se ntty coor
with~ re es1BJ
C<ililpany,

"'' and An .nded

.. salu ~ a~ stla is cornmc~ ~lle<l is o.rr1~ntly ~ng at Gl.!adal

.
Cebu Ct'Y. This
y 1$ a ~oo ~"Jedi.Ga Technologist, whO cle~mE'S lo
n ak:e -a diffs:er)Ctit: In the flald of I~J ha-iAg oghtecusnGiti ~
juatic.Q
h 1 gu mg princl~l\e She bali ea that GOd of$. ha Supttlme Jo:iga who.
1J
bong justiCe to l)lla.

j ... h.n ~~~- T~Ia ..:. of J ull,to=: nnd

up .

~f11B1aw,n, :H~

ts

simpl)'

es. "Trish" o- her friends.

~ J:!Sl$1m) f),

lwQy been 8 fUSIOn

ICS;Ophy Bind rr_...- rr..n

aO:Sm. Chri:sman al1d e~ntialism all li'i'f.:di tG 'the
fullast ifl a , le ~~ ~ougll it all, s~1 e describes h811i ~ a won<
progms, ~1ways '" qu~ 'for new
s to learn ,and 'Mly1i to grG'I!I. She
co~rs 11 s ~ as her sch001 11 ~ aJCpeMnOGs taugh her many
'ti
b ~t;mS. At pmSCnt
pracciang taw atl
d g I:JuejnefiiS.
i}S;

Oa .

purw ed ~.ar

La.vs

et SlllkriEin
'I lrJ lMmagLJMS City, N~tgJCli._ .
Orlen'taJ, ~ &Yentll'Sy G(ml~eladl $erG ~ree at SClllhv~em 1Jnlve$it)1.:.- (
in Cob~ Clt)r em 2006. Dat'OO:
18seflt)y ooMett.tad 'IJIh U'J& City LegS}!,..
ONWe of 1tUJ locaJ go~emme ; ~ City, ~ros Drier. . Ha s. ., ~
rurr.enU:r re~i ng lil Bay~an C l~

of

or

......,.o.:=..o~:::;.....,.-=
u ha:Js f1o1 R.o~
QWfl b-~ ness

.._. oog:]1

Hedee s ~nnMJ

1.1.~

C y Cspiz, Is

t1e!}) Qf

rM$E!,

r patent&

She ~d

fTently r,nanaging h
eman a bus.;nessrn a

a~ IJFtl'ffl~" o5 Perpmuii1-DALlA

llm oompi!Mcd h r l
d egrse :at Phi pine- -aw School in Pase~~ C~ (or
perB.On t~s.. :tihe- ~ up Bach r ol Me. major P .
Sde~ce
at DB La Salle- Untversity-.:laamali'"r;as. &l a prep~atory coor:s.e. She- la
~ ~ as
e Re9i0nlill Oiredcr . . l~yas for :the HllpiiM.l C~ ;
Catlwllc outl'l ~m;l is. an &ctiw!l m ~ r of iii Chmeee Ga . JD:
Young Adult, , r l1ipln.o-C hines a R llglovs org.animtion focYse .
'

..
~-

.. ~

Lex P31 t.o Notes Voluma P- Paliticel ~ wJ Labor law & Sooiat l~ laJicn
l ex P El 'eto ND1Bs Vojurne U- Ci I~ and Taxation 111.
lex Paret~ 1'-fo!ss Vc&.lme llr . . . Me~
aoo Cri - al ta-Lrr
lox Pareto N~kJG VC!Ume N - Remedial !aw 1k1 LegeI
'

~
-.

:h'ttp& ;Jftw~tte r .I(XJ

lexparew~to~
I

~ Fa~~b~~k
Ab~vre. far s-bov the pre]uch'cO$ and pa&$!cn.s of men ~iat ths ~~
of Mture. Et~:mnl and hn-tUI#ble. thay aro :tJte. exptH-$ron Of tbf
crefJ'fJY, power; thoy :repri~Bf!ltf What iS~ whet m,p-st Jnl, wh~l o~
ccwld nott be_ Ma~n ca" came ~~ tm&lrstsnd th.,.-m: he f$ lrJc,apaJ)hr ol
changh'tg them. ~rr.>m ths Jnfinltf!ify .9r. .f1t down to thv irrflnfl~y. .sTHNA
aJI thl~~ g..s a;e .subjec~ to them. TJt~ .s-un afld tf..t~ ptawets fotlow th
i.aw.s rUseo'Vtcrsd by New.f un and l..plar; jusi "tho- ~I'D$ Jn lhllt
~tOmbim~tkms ronp. .the Jaws of ch~rt~t;yJ as JI1ng cmatuP'EIJJ fbJiow
tho- faws of bioJoyy_ ~ i,-. onfy the Jmp-erfocllons ol tho fWman RJfrad
w~rch mulflply the dlvls'loM of the science..-~ :s&psratJng as1:1'mlcmy
fNJm physic$ ,o r chemi.,ffYJ lhe tJatursl ac.Nt.ncss fl".fJm fflV .soc
st'#et?cos. In es.so:nce, s.ctelfC is (me. It ht Pf:Mtt .othM rtmtn .tiJ9 truth ..

Vltfredo

P~o

~1tl~3 - 19:2'~)