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How is the ESP

Performing in Your
Constituency?

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Acknowledgements:
Special thanks to: Wanjiru Gikonyo, Elias Wakhisi, Dorah Nesoba
Thanks to the Open Society Initiative for East Africa (OSIEA) for financial support.
Layout and design: J.J. Yofi
Graphics: Henry Opati (Kissinger)
(c) The Institute for Social Accountability, 2010
www.tisa.or.ke

The Economic Stimulus Programme (Esp)


This publication is designed to assist you as a member of the public, understand the Economic Stimulus
Package, why it might not achieve its objectives and what steps you can take to monitor its use in your
constituency.

Contents
1.0 Understanding how the economy works pg. 3
2.0 What is the ESP? pg. 3
3.0 How is ESP performing in your constituency? pg. 4
4.0 Who manages the ESP? pg. 4
5.0 ESP Sector Programs pg. 5
6.0 Why ESP Might not Achieve its Objectives: pg. 7
7.0 The Role of Citizens in the ESP pg. 7
Annex: Citizen ESP Score Card

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1.0 Understanding how the economy works
The function of governments is to provide basic services to its citizens. These basic services are water,
food, health, education, creation of business and job opportunities and security. In order for the government
to provide these services it collects tax revenues from the citizens. This money is used to pay the salaries
of government officials and finance development projects. A successful government is one which uses
taxpayers money responsibly and is able to provide good services to its people and to pay its debts on
time. In order to maintain good services for the public, the government needs to ensure that the economy is
growing.
Between 2003-2007, the Kenyan economy was growing quite fast. However, due to government corruption
scandals and political unrest which resulted in the 2008 post election violence, businesses and investment
projects collapsed. This was accompanied by prolonged drought which forced the price of food to rise beyond
the means of most of Kenyans.
All these setbacks called for immediate action from the government to restore the economy to its earlier
status. Thus in the 2009/10 budget, Finance Minister Uhuru Kenyatta launched the Economic Stimulus
Program [ESP] to stimulate the growth of the Kenyan economy through the rapid creation of jobs and
business opportunities all over the country.

2.0 What is the ESP?


The Economic Stimulus Programme [ESP] was introduced through the 2009/10 budget
entitled ‘Overcoming Today’s Challenges for a Better Kenya Tomorrow’. The ESP is a
government programme coordinated by the Ministry of Finance. Kshs. 22 billion has been committed to the
programme.
In order to be successful the ESP has identified numerous projects per constituency which will be funded
with over Kshs.100 million in every constituency. The aim of the programme is to support local development
projects in every constituency. The construction of these prjects will create employment and the finished
projects will provide essential services, job and business opportunities and enough food at the constituency
level.
The ESP will support projects in the education, health and sanitation, food production, environment, local
government, industrialisation and fisheries sectors.

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3.0 How is ESP performing in
your constituency?
Unfortunately, many good initiatives in Kenya fail due to corruption. Sometimes poor planning will prevent
the completion of a project due to disputes over land and so forth. The failure to involve citizens in local
development is another cause of under development. Members of the public have a responsibility to
monitor public development projects to evaluate how well public resources are being used and how to
improve performance. Local development projects such as the
Key Objectives of the ESP ESP should ensure maximum community participation.
## To boost the country’s economic recovery and Citizens should audit the performance of ESP to ensure:
return the economy back to the envisioned Implementation of the projects is transparent; Members
medium term growth path (10%); of the public are involved and well represented; That
## To expand economic opportunities in rural areas funds are managed accountably; Ensure projects are
for employment creation;
## To promote regional development for equity and
complete; That projects adhere to laid down regulations;
social stability; To Prevent abuse of funds and corruption; and to
## To improve infrastructure and the quality of measure the impact of the projects
education and healthcare for all Kenyans; This publication is designed to assist you, the citizen, to effectively
## To invest in the conservation of the environment,
renewable energy and food Security; track ESP in your constituency. Using this book you will be able
## To expand the access to, and build the ICT to establish how well ESP is performing in your constituency.
capacity of our people in order to expand their First it is important to understand how ESP works, that is, which
economic opportunities and accelerate economic projects does ESP fund, who manages the projects and how you
growth.
as the citizen can effectiely track those projects.

4.0 Who manages the ESP?


The ESP is coordinated by the Minsitry of Finance at the national level. The Ministry is responsible for
providing overall leadership for the whole programme. At constituency level, projects are managed either by
the District Infrastructure Coordination Team for all education projects, or the Stimulus Project Management
Committee [SPMC] which manages projects in all the other sectors.
Stimulus Project Management Committee [SPMC]: The SPMC is responsible for: Identifying the appropriate
location of the project using provided guidelines; Making recommendations for payments in consultation
with relevant and technical Ministries to the District Accountant, through the CDFC; and Monitoring the
implementation of ESP projects.
SPMC composition: The SPMC is composed of the Member of Parliament as the patron, District Commissioner,
District Development Officer, The District Public Works Officer, The CDFC Chairperson, CDFC Secretary
and CDFC Treasurer, District Accountant, all Departmental Heads under whose docket the various projects
fall, one person representing religious organizations in that constituency, Two men representatives from that
constituency, two women representatives from that constituency, two persons representing the youth, and
the CDFC Fund Account Manager as the focal point for information regarding ESP projects.
Constituency Project Tender Committee [CPTC]: It is constituted by the CDF Account Manager. The CPTC is
responsible for award of all the project contracts in the ESP.

5.0 ESP Sector Programmes


a. Education
Focus : Improve the quality of education for all Kenyans. Implementing Ministry: Ministry of Education

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The Education sector program will not be implemented through the SPMC like other sectors but through the
Ministry of Education framework.
The ESP funds may be used for the construction of new school buildings or upgrading of exising facilities.
Funds are disbursed from the Ministry of Education to target schools, which shall open a dedicated account
for the ESP activities.
Selection of projects will be made by the CDF Committee. Selection criteria for school projects include
• Proof of ownership as public land (title deed/allotment letter)
• Strong community support
• High demand for schooling
• Reliable water and electricity source (except rural school)
Primary schools Projects will be managed by a School Managment Committee which is responsbile for
making payments once the work is done. The committee should prepare a School Infrastruture Development
Plan(SIDP) in conjunction with the community, and make community level procurement.
Secondary School Projects will be implemented by the - BOG- Board of Governors which should make
community level procurement.
Monitoring of projects will be done by the DICT- District Infrastruture Coordination Teams, comprising
departmental heads including PWO, PHO, WO, NEMA, School Auditor, Education Officer, District Accountant,
Quality Assurance and Standards Officer.this committee will also provide the completion certificates upon
project completion .

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Cost per Unit per Total National
Activity Unit [Kshs] Constituency Cost [Kshs]
Reconstruct [upgrade] two primary schools in each 7,000,000 1 1.47 billion.
constituency-with water harvesting facilities.
Reconstruct to upgrade to national level [centres of 30,000,000 1 6 billion.
excellence] one secondary school in each constituency
Recruit 50 primary school teachers per constituency 120,000 50 1.26 billion.
under a 3 year contract at Kshs.10, 000 per month.
Recruit 10 secondary school teachers per constituency 168,000 10 352 million.
under a 3-year contract at Kshs.14, 000 per month.
Establish a Kshs.60, 000 tree funds for 20 1,200,000 1 252 million.
primary schools in each constituency.
b. Health and Sanitation
Cost per Unit per Total National
Activity Unit [Kshs] Constituency Cost [Kshs]
Construct 1 maternity, children’s ward plus 20,000,000 1 4 billion.
admission office in 200 constituencies.
Recruit 20 nurses under a 3-year contract at Kshs.13, 000 156,000 20 655 million.
for each constituency for preventive health care delivery.
Purchase 5 motorcycles for preventive 80,000 5 84 million.
health services for each constituency.
Purchase 20 bicycles to community health workers. 3,000 20 12 million.
Provide medical kits for all health facilities. 5,000,000 1 1 billion.
The District Health Implementation Team (DHIT) under leadership of the DMOH District Medical Officer of
Health is the key implementing body. It will identify dispensaries, supervise works, ascertain delivery of
equipment, recruitment and deployment of nurses, and identify community health workers.
Facility Management Committee(FMC) Each facility will have a Facility Managment Committee elected by
the community to ensure sustainabiity. FMC members will be trained.
Selection criteria for Construction Projects
• The health centre to be identified by the stakeholders,
• To own land not less than two acres,
• To enjoy a catchment of at least 10,000 patients,
• Must have a well establsihed outpatient section .
c. Market Stalls
Focus – Addressing the missing markets and facilitating commerce, trade and rural enterprise development.
Implemented by the Ministry of Local Government in consultation with representatives of all host Local
Authorities will spearhead the implementation. Others include the Resident Engineer and the Project
Architect.
Activity Cost per units per Constituency Total national
Unit[Kshs] Constituency coverage cost [Kshs]
Construct fresh produce and wholesale 10,000,000 1 210 2.1 billion.
markets in 210 constituencies.

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Key implementing agencies/offices: The Office of the Deputy Prime Minister and Ministry for Local Government
in consultation with representatives of all host Local Authorities will spearhead the implementation. Others
include the Resident Engineer and the Project Architect.
Key Documents: The Architectural and Technical designs for the Markets.
d. Food Production
Focus - Reducing reliance on rain-fed agriculture.
Implemented by: the Ministries of Agriculture, Water & Irrigation, Regional Development and Youth Affairs
Activity Cost per units per Total national
Unit [Kshs] Constituency cost [Kshs]
Multi-purpose regional development with initial rice/maize 2 Billion 2 billion.
production at Bura, Hola, Pekerra, Tana Delta, Kibwezi,
Ahero, West Kano, Bunyala, Mwea and South West Kano
e. Jua Kali Sheds
Focus – Promoting Regional Development for equity and social stability through the establishment of
Constituency Industrial Development Centres (CIDC). Implemented by: the Ministry of Industrialization
Activity Cost per units per Constituency Total national
Unit [Kshs] Constituency coverage cost [Kshs]
Construct 1 jua kali shed in each constituency. 2,500,000 1 210 525 million.
Purchase welding and fabrication equipment 1,000,000 1 210 210 million.
for jua kali sheds in each constituency.
f. FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT (Fish Ponds)
Focus - Improving nutrition and creating over 120,000 employment and income opportunities.
Implemented by: the Ministry of Fisheries Development

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Activity Cost per units per Constituency Total national
Unit [Kshs] Constituency coverage cost [Kshs]
Construct 200 fish ponds in 140 constituencies 40,000 200 140 1.12 billion.
for fish farming at a cost of Kshs. 40,000.
g. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION
Focus – Improving access and capacity for ICT use
Implemented by - the Ministry of Information and Communication in conjunction with the Ministry of Education.
(This project was later scrapped.)
Activity Cost per units per Constituency Total national
Unit [Kshs] Constituency coverage cost [Kshs]
Purchase 1 mobile digital laboratory for 6,000,000 1 210 1.26 billion.
secondary schools per constituency.

6.0 Why ESP Might not Achieve its Objectives:


1. ESP projects have been marred with poor planning and a slow pace of implementation. Eleven months
down the line, projects that were supposed to have been funded are either incomplete or have not
commenced.
2. There is low community awareness and involvement in the projects funded by ESP. This can be traced
from the national office where initial plans were drawn without wide consultation with organs representing
wanainchi. The ESP governance structure does not adequately provide for citizens involvement in the
projects.
3. There is poor flow of information on the progress of the ESP projects. Only a few people know about the
existence of the fund but still don’t know its objectives and the earmarked projects . Kenyans only know
about the progress of the projects funded by ESP from the Parliamentary discussions or questions asked
by Members of Parliament and through political rallies.
4. There is confusion between projects funded by ESP and those funded by CDF since the Member of
Parliament is the patron of both funds. This confusion on the part of citizens provides for better campaign
platforms for politicians.
5. Projects are misplaced and do not meet the priorities of specific regions. Some constituencies (North
Eastern Province) would prioritise road networks to access markets for their goods and services since this
is the only way they can sustain themselves without the government’s involvement.

7.0 The Role of Citizens in ESP Implementation


The success of local development projects such as the ESP depends on the willingness of communities to
participate in the projects from the start to the end. It also depends on the intergity of the local committee
members.
Local ESP committees should be representative and should ensure all stakeholders in the location are
represented; they should ensure they have an equitable gender balance. An effective committe will have
members with a diversity of skills and competencies able to administrate and implement development projects.
Local committees should adopt an open information policy for all ESP records, reports and procurment.
The community members should audit the performance of the ESP in their constituency. They should;

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1. Visit the local CDFC office and request a list of all ESP Projects in their constituency
2. Regularly visit identified project sites
3. Ensure projects comply with given selection criteria
4. Establish if the ongoing construction is in line with the work plans, Bill of Quantities and contractor agreement.
5. Establish names and contacts of members of the key ESP committees in their constituency.
6. Establish a working relationship with the committees to enable ongoing sharing of information and monitoring.

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Citizen Complaints
Graphic: its your right to hold your local ESP committees accountable
If the citizen audit process identifies irregularities, misuse of funds [corruption], ghost projects among other
serious concerns, then the citizens should send a written letter of complaint, with supporting information to:

Recommendations:
1. Citizen participation and engagement
processes should be strengthened because
the success of any project depends on
communities willingness to participate and
own the projects from the start to the end.
2. Proper communication channels should be
developed to ease access of information
on the progress of the ESP projects.
3. Complaints mechanisms that will assist
the public in reporting the progress of
projects in case of irregularities, misuse
of funds [corruption] and ghost projects
should be established and strengthened.
4. There should be quarterly expenditure briefings
on the fund made public and accessible to all
citizens. The ministry of finance should also let
Kenyans know the whereabouts of the proposed
but scrapped mobile computer lab under the
Ministry of Information and Communication.

a. Education Projects b. SPMC Projects c. Kenya Anti-Corruption Commission


District Education Officer The Chairperson,SPMC In cases of abuse of funds, the letter
Copied To The Relevant School Copied To The CDF Fund Manager should be directed to:
Committee Chairperson, Copied To The Permanent Secretary The Director,
Copied To The Permanent Ministry Of Finance Kenya Anti-Corruption Commission
Secretary,Ministry Of Education P.O Box 3007-00100 Nairobi P O Box 61130-00200 Nairobi
P.O BOX 30040-00100 NAIROBI Copied To The CDF Board CEO d. The Ombudsman Office/Public
Copied To The Permanent Secretary, P.O Box 46682-00100 Nairobi. Complaints Standing Committee
Ministry Of Finance P.O Box 2011-00200
P.O BOX 3007-00100 NAIROBI Nairobi

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ANNEX: Citizen ESP Score Card
ASPECT QUESTION GUIDE ASSESSMENT

Name of the ESP Project


Names of ESP social auditors/teams
Introduction Date of social audit:
Constituency
Name of Location/Sub-location/village

Who are the Members of the Stimulus Project management committee [SPMC} of the
Representation project?
Who are the Members of the Constituency Project Tender Committee [CPTC]?

Did SPMC/CPTC avail the needed information to enable project beneficiaries monitor
ESP projects? namely :
• List of ESP projects implemented in the constituency giving name, location and
Information amounts
sharing
• Names of project members namely (CPTC/SPMC)
• List of contractors awarded projects
• Description of materials procured for the project and expenditure on each.

What ESP sensitization activities were undertaken?


How were they publicized?
Citizen Were citizens involved in project selection? How?
Participation Were the community members involved in the implementation process? Incase so,
how?
Are citizens able to obtain information on ESP projects and status upon request?

Does the project have a BQ, work plan?


Does project have an accountability board?
Are tender records in accordance with procurement guidelines?
Transparency
Are project specifications in line with Work plan? BQ?
Did all workers receive their payments as indicated?
Did relevant committee refuse to avail the information? Specify

How many of the listed projects have taken off? Complete?


Status of How many of audited projects have taken off, complete? Status?
Project If stalled or incomplete give reasons?
Observations and comments (In terms of quality, quantity and timeliness)

Is the project useful, relevant to project beneficiaries- elaborate


Sustainability Who will manage the project once it’s completed?
What are the long term benefits of the project?

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