Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Solar radiation geometry is the determining factor of heat gain, Shading and the potential of
day light penetration. Direction of beam radiation is useful in establishing geometric
relationship between a plane and incoming beam solar radiation.
Direction of beam radiation can be described in terms of several angles.
Angles useful in solar radiation analysis
(a)
(b)
Latitude angle ()
Declination angle ()
Hour angle()
Derived solar angles:
I.
II.
III.
(c)
Altitude angle()
Zenith angle(z)
Solar azimuth angle (s)
Surface angles:
I.
II.
III.
.( +
(7) Surface azimuth angle (): For tilted surfaces. It is angle of deviation of
the normal to the surface from the local meridian, or It is the angle between the
normal to the surface and south.
For south facing surface = 0. For west facing surface = 90 and so on. Eastward: (+)ve, West-ward : (-)ve.
(8) Slope (): Angle made by the plane surface with the horizontal. (+)ve : for
surface slopping toward south . (-)ve : for surface slopping toward north.
(9) Incidence () : Used when tilted surfaces are involved. Angle between sun rays
and normal to surface under consideration.
General equation for angle of incidence ():
cos = sin ( sincos + coscoscossin ) + cos(coscoscos sincossin)
+ cos sinsinsin